1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:06,040 --> 00:00:08,800 [epic music playing] 3 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 4 00:00:15,840 --> 00:00:19,039 Have you ever looked around at the limitless majesty of creation 5 00:00:19,040 --> 00:00:20,199 and wondered... 6 00:00:20,200 --> 00:00:25,600 wondered what all these forests, valleys, mountains, and puddles are actually for? 7 00:00:26,320 --> 00:00:29,959 Wondered how many buildings were knocked down to make way for them, 8 00:00:29,960 --> 00:00:31,800 and who granted the planning permission? 9 00:00:32,400 --> 00:00:35,239 Wondered about all the incredible yet musky animals 10 00:00:35,240 --> 00:00:36,919 we share our planet with? 11 00:00:36,920 --> 00:00:38,120 What's up with them? 12 00:00:38,640 --> 00:00:40,039 From pointless ants 13 00:00:40,040 --> 00:00:42,039 to long-necked horse monsters, 14 00:00:42,040 --> 00:00:43,439 from repugnant wombats 15 00:00:43,440 --> 00:00:45,120 to beautiful elephants. 16 00:00:45,880 --> 00:00:48,119 What do the creatures want? 17 00:00:48,120 --> 00:00:50,920 And why do they refuse to tell us? 18 00:00:52,240 --> 00:00:53,840 And then of course, there's us. 19 00:00:54,360 --> 00:00:55,719 Humanic kind. 20 00:00:55,720 --> 00:00:58,239 Have you ever wondered how we got here? 21 00:00:58,240 --> 00:00:59,839 Wondered where we're going? 22 00:00:59,840 --> 00:01:02,479 Wondered about the biggest mystery of all, 23 00:01:02,480 --> 00:01:04,280 what is the meaning of life? 24 00:01:04,920 --> 00:01:06,119 Well, I haven't. 25 00:01:06,120 --> 00:01:07,319 But others have. 26 00:01:07,320 --> 00:01:08,799 For thousands of years, 27 00:01:08,800 --> 00:01:11,999 thinkers, artists, authors, and my aunt Carol 28 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:14,840 have struggled to define humankind's purpose. 29 00:01:15,400 --> 00:01:18,319 Is life's meaning a riddle that even can be answered? 30 00:01:18,320 --> 00:01:20,399 And if so, should we listen, 31 00:01:20,400 --> 00:01:22,560 or cover our ears to avoid spoilers? 32 00:01:23,400 --> 00:01:25,559 In this landmark documentary special, 33 00:01:25,560 --> 00:01:26,959 I'll travel the globe 34 00:01:26,960 --> 00:01:29,840 to walk in slow motion through picturesque locations, 35 00:01:30,360 --> 00:01:33,920 get up close to some of the most significant molecules in existence, 36 00:01:34,880 --> 00:01:38,239 and meet a variety of academics, experts, and professional mammals, 37 00:01:38,240 --> 00:01:40,959 to ask some of the most significant questions 38 00:01:40,960 --> 00:01:42,639 you can say with a mouth. 39 00:01:42,640 --> 00:01:43,679 Hello, who are you? 40 00:01:43,680 --> 00:01:44,919 I'm Brian Cox, 41 00:01:44,920 --> 00:01:47,999 Professor of Particle Physics at the University of Manchester. 42 00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:50,160 Can I call you Brian, or do you prefer Cox? 43 00:01:50,760 --> 00:01:52,719 So join me, Philomena Cunk, 44 00:01:52,720 --> 00:01:54,959 as I uncover the point of it all. 45 00:01:54,960 --> 00:01:57,679 This is Cunk on Life. 46 00:01:57,680 --> 00:01:59,760 [epic music playing] 47 00:02:06,480 --> 00:02:08,480 {\an8}[music ends] 48 00:02:10,200 --> 00:02:11,959 [contemplative music playing] 49 00:02:11,960 --> 00:02:14,200 [Philomena] Welcome to our universe, 50 00:02:14,880 --> 00:02:20,400 a limitless expanse peppered with stars, planets, and assorted space muck. 51 00:02:21,080 --> 00:02:22,520 It's where you live. 52 00:02:23,240 --> 00:02:26,080 In fact, you're somewhere in this photo, 53 00:02:26,600 --> 00:02:30,559 but we don't know where because the universe is so vast, 54 00:02:30,560 --> 00:02:33,680 we simply can't make you out, even with your ears. 55 00:02:37,200 --> 00:02:41,839 Gazing into this infinite tapestry makes us ask questions. 56 00:02:41,840 --> 00:02:44,119 Not just about where the ceiling's gone, 57 00:02:44,120 --> 00:02:48,480 but deep questions that strike at the very core of our arseholes. 58 00:02:49,280 --> 00:02:51,800 Questions like, "How did it get here?" 59 00:02:57,120 --> 00:02:58,279 Who are you? 60 00:02:58,280 --> 00:03:00,039 {\an8}I'm Douglas Hedley, 61 00:03:00,040 --> 00:03:03,879 {\an8}and I teach the Philosophy of Religion at the University of Cambridge. 62 00:03:03,880 --> 00:03:06,080 So, why are we here? 63 00:03:06,960 --> 00:03:10,719 You mean, why human beings exist? 64 00:03:10,720 --> 00:03:12,799 No, I mean why are we here in... 65 00:03:12,800 --> 00:03:15,600 - Is this near your house or something? - No. 66 00:03:16,280 --> 00:03:19,080 It took me 90 minutes to get here on the Piccadilly Line. 67 00:03:20,720 --> 00:03:23,799 There are countless theories about how the universe got here, 68 00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:27,360 and the earliest one comes from the wacky world of religion. 69 00:03:28,440 --> 00:03:30,320 This is the good Old Testament, 70 00:03:30,920 --> 00:03:33,680 the first entry in the Christian Cinematic Universe. 71 00:03:34,160 --> 00:03:35,879 Jesus isn't in this one. 72 00:03:35,880 --> 00:03:38,159 It's mainly about his bad-tempered dad, 73 00:03:38,160 --> 00:03:39,759 a man so mysterious, 74 00:03:39,760 --> 00:03:42,920 we still only know him by his stage name, God. 75 00:03:43,520 --> 00:03:45,760 {\an8}Um, I'm gonna go straight in at the deep end. 76 00:03:46,920 --> 00:03:47,880 {\an8}Is there a God? 77 00:03:48,480 --> 00:03:49,479 {\an8}Yes. 78 00:03:49,480 --> 00:03:51,480 - Oh. That was quick. - Mm. 79 00:03:52,560 --> 00:03:55,480 Great. Um, has anyone proved it? 80 00:03:57,000 --> 00:03:59,599 No, except to their own satisfaction. 81 00:03:59,600 --> 00:04:02,519 Does God have a brother called Simon? 82 00:04:02,520 --> 00:04:03,799 No. 83 00:04:03,800 --> 00:04:06,639 But they can't prove that either, so he might have. 84 00:04:06,640 --> 00:04:09,120 The universe could have been created by Simon. 85 00:04:09,640 --> 00:04:14,999 The Old Testament claims God and/or Simon created our universe 86 00:04:15,000 --> 00:04:16,999 in just seven days. 87 00:04:17,000 --> 00:04:20,399 It sounds like a lot to achieve in such a short space of time, 88 00:04:20,400 --> 00:04:21,399 but unlike us, 89 00:04:21,400 --> 00:04:25,039 God wasn't constantly interrupted by iPhone notifications. 90 00:04:25,040 --> 00:04:28,319 God started by saying, "Let there be light," 91 00:04:28,320 --> 00:04:31,959 which makes sense because he needed to be able to see what he was doing. 92 00:04:31,960 --> 00:04:36,039 Then he divided light from dark, like I do when I'm doing a clothes wash. 93 00:04:36,040 --> 00:04:39,519 Next, he created the firmament, whatever that is, 94 00:04:39,520 --> 00:04:41,280 and the oceans and the stars. 95 00:04:41,880 --> 00:04:42,879 For his next trick, 96 00:04:42,880 --> 00:04:47,599 God filled the oceans with water animals, or "fish" as they're sometimes known, 97 00:04:47,600 --> 00:04:50,360 and the heavens with sky-beasts, or "birds." 98 00:04:51,080 --> 00:04:54,719 Then he infested the Earth with insects, reptiles, mammals, 99 00:04:54,720 --> 00:04:57,279 and whatever category of thing slugs are. 100 00:04:57,280 --> 00:05:00,239 And finally, for his crowning achievement, 101 00:05:00,240 --> 00:05:03,200 he created perhaps the only thing worth celebrating, 102 00:05:03,920 --> 00:05:04,760 us. 103 00:05:06,040 --> 00:05:09,479 Here on the planet of Italy is the Sistine Chapel. 104 00:05:09,480 --> 00:05:12,799 Inside it is an astonishing collection of images 105 00:05:12,800 --> 00:05:17,720 created by overachieving painter decorator Michael A.N. Jello. 106 00:05:18,440 --> 00:05:21,119 This artwork took him four years to complete, 107 00:05:21,120 --> 00:05:24,040 ruining a perfectly good ceiling in the process. 108 00:05:25,160 --> 00:05:28,840 But whatever you think of it, what it depicts is momentous. 109 00:05:29,320 --> 00:05:32,760 The moment God created life by jizzing us out of his hands. 110 00:05:34,320 --> 00:05:37,479 This image of the most significant fingerbang in history 111 00:05:37,480 --> 00:05:41,039 has inspired visitors to the Sistine Chapel for many centuries 112 00:05:41,040 --> 00:05:44,360 and visitors to this replica for less time than that. 113 00:05:45,840 --> 00:05:48,959 It's perhaps the greatest masterpiece in all of art, 114 00:05:48,960 --> 00:05:51,399 but also the most annoying to look at. 115 00:05:51,400 --> 00:05:54,439 When I gaze up at it, I'm struck by a sense of wonder 116 00:05:54,440 --> 00:05:56,720 but mainly by a crick in my neck. 117 00:05:57,960 --> 00:06:01,079 {\an8}When Michelangelo painted the Sistine Chapel, 118 00:06:01,080 --> 00:06:04,399 did he start on the floor and then they flip the building over, 119 00:06:04,400 --> 00:06:06,879 or was it always on the ceiling? 120 00:06:06,880 --> 00:06:09,399 The painting was always on the ceiling. 121 00:06:09,400 --> 00:06:11,239 It's quite high up, isn't it? 122 00:06:11,240 --> 00:06:14,599 Did Michelangelo use a really long brush, 123 00:06:14,600 --> 00:06:16,879 or did he have really long arms? 124 00:06:16,880 --> 00:06:21,119 Um, well, he had to stand up on top of some scaffolding 125 00:06:21,120 --> 00:06:22,879 and bend his head backwards. 126 00:06:22,880 --> 00:06:26,239 Wouldn't paint drip down into his eyes when he was doing it? 127 00:06:26,240 --> 00:06:29,679 I bet he was blinking the whole time, sort of like... like that. 128 00:06:29,680 --> 00:06:32,439 He doesn't complain about that, but he must have done. 129 00:06:32,440 --> 00:06:33,719 However he did it, 130 00:06:33,720 --> 00:06:37,039 painting the Sistine Chapel must have been a great upper body workout. 131 00:06:37,040 --> 00:06:39,799 How strong were Michelangelo's arms? 132 00:06:39,800 --> 00:06:43,839 Like, if a mad priest had leapt on his back while he was painting it, 133 00:06:43,840 --> 00:06:46,560 would he have been able to reach around and pull him off? 134 00:06:47,360 --> 00:06:49,319 Oh yeah. I think so. 135 00:06:49,320 --> 00:06:52,599 I think Michelangelo was quite muscular. He must have been. 136 00:06:52,600 --> 00:06:56,280 - Mm, so he could really yank him off. - I think he could have done, yeah. 137 00:06:57,480 --> 00:07:00,199 [Philomena] The man God's creating here is called Adam. 138 00:07:00,200 --> 00:07:02,719 He's one half of the first celebrity couple, 139 00:07:02,720 --> 00:07:03,879 Adam and Eve, 140 00:07:03,880 --> 00:07:07,000 played here by actors who happily signed a nudity waiver. 141 00:07:07,600 --> 00:07:09,039 Of course, the real Adam and Eve 142 00:07:09,040 --> 00:07:11,359 wouldn't have had tattoos we'd have to paint over 143 00:07:11,360 --> 00:07:14,559 or intimate piercings we'd have to ask them to take out 144 00:07:14,560 --> 00:07:16,800 and hand to our researcher for safekeeping. 145 00:07:17,400 --> 00:07:20,359 We've pixelated the offensive parts of their bodies, 146 00:07:20,360 --> 00:07:23,359 a technology that wasn't available in Old Testament times, 147 00:07:23,360 --> 00:07:25,520 which is why I can see everything, 148 00:07:26,080 --> 00:07:27,759 even though I don't really want to. 149 00:07:27,760 --> 00:07:31,319 Adam and Eve weren't just the first humans to exist, 150 00:07:31,320 --> 00:07:33,640 but the first humans to disappoint their dad. 151 00:07:34,560 --> 00:07:38,119 God had hidden the secret of knowledge inside a delicious looking fruit 152 00:07:38,120 --> 00:07:41,119 and then forbidden them to eat it for some fucking reason, 153 00:07:41,120 --> 00:07:42,320 but eat it they did. 154 00:07:42,960 --> 00:07:46,680 An early example of an Apple product hastening the downfall of humankind. 155 00:07:47,560 --> 00:07:49,200 This was the original sin, 156 00:07:49,960 --> 00:07:53,560 and ever since, all humans have been considered sinful. 157 00:08:00,360 --> 00:08:03,880 Sinners worry God might punish them, but what about you? 158 00:08:08,360 --> 00:08:10,520 Well, um, I'm a sinner 159 00:08:11,240 --> 00:08:12,520 like anybody else. 160 00:08:13,880 --> 00:08:17,160 No, I mean, should they worry about you punishing them? 161 00:08:17,680 --> 00:08:20,480 Uh... no. 162 00:08:21,600 --> 00:08:25,559 [Philomena] God realized he needed help keeping us sinful humans in check, 163 00:08:25,560 --> 00:08:27,359 and he knew just who to call on. 164 00:08:27,360 --> 00:08:29,319 This is holy Moses, 165 00:08:29,320 --> 00:08:32,519 the most successful influencer of Old Testament times, 166 00:08:32,520 --> 00:08:34,640 very much the MrBeast of his day. 167 00:08:35,240 --> 00:08:38,159 One day, God invited Moses to the top of Mount Sinai 168 00:08:38,160 --> 00:08:42,199 and handed him a set of rules for life carved on stone tablets. 169 00:08:42,200 --> 00:08:45,120 It was the world's first and heaviest press release. 170 00:08:45,680 --> 00:08:48,719 God commanded Moses to spread this message far and wide, 171 00:08:48,720 --> 00:08:50,439 which must've been annoying for Moses 172 00:08:50,440 --> 00:08:53,039 because he'd have to carry the tablets back down on foot 173 00:08:53,040 --> 00:08:55,319 and probably didn't have room in his rucksack. 174 00:08:55,320 --> 00:08:58,119 {\an8}How many Ten Commandments were there? 175 00:08:58,120 --> 00:09:00,440 How many? You just named them. Ten. 176 00:09:00,960 --> 00:09:03,280 So there were ten Ten Commandments? 177 00:09:03,960 --> 00:09:07,519 There weren't 100 commandments. There were ten commandments. 178 00:09:07,520 --> 00:09:09,519 There were ten commandments. 179 00:09:09,520 --> 00:09:11,840 Yes. That's it. 180 00:09:12,440 --> 00:09:16,440 These shalts and shalt nots are a set of terms and conditions for humankind. 181 00:09:17,160 --> 00:09:19,679 All Christians had to agree to abide by them 182 00:09:19,680 --> 00:09:22,679 and also accept occasional promotional messages from God 183 00:09:22,680 --> 00:09:24,519 on subjects that may interest them. 184 00:09:24,520 --> 00:09:29,239 How did God manage to boil his terms and conditions down to just ten points 185 00:09:29,240 --> 00:09:34,000 when the iPhone end user license agreement is about 100 pages long? 186 00:09:34,640 --> 00:09:38,639 It just proves the point that God is God, so he's a lot more concise than we are. 187 00:09:38,640 --> 00:09:40,640 Is it a legally binding contract? 188 00:09:41,200 --> 00:09:45,479 It is a covenant, which is a covenant of love between God and God's people, so-- 189 00:09:45,480 --> 00:09:47,160 No, I meant the iPhone one. 190 00:09:48,440 --> 00:09:51,039 In a bid to stay in God's good books, 191 00:09:51,040 --> 00:09:54,759 devout followers avoid sinful pleasures, like lusting after sloths, 192 00:09:54,760 --> 00:09:56,360 during their lifetimes. 193 00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:03,399 Not everyone thinks enjoying yourself is bad. 194 00:10:03,400 --> 00:10:05,919 Some people dedicate their lives to hedonism, 195 00:10:05,920 --> 00:10:07,640 the sleaziest ism there is, 196 00:10:08,240 --> 00:10:09,160 apart from jism. 197 00:10:11,800 --> 00:10:15,079 Entire cities have been built for hedonist pursuits, 198 00:10:15,080 --> 00:10:18,639 impressive, opulent cities like Swansea in Wales, 199 00:10:18,640 --> 00:10:19,960 and also this place. 200 00:10:20,720 --> 00:10:22,519 This is Las Vegas, 201 00:10:22,520 --> 00:10:24,999 Spanish for "The Vegas." 202 00:10:25,000 --> 00:10:29,119 With its culture of casinos, strip clubs, and round-the-clock drinking, 203 00:10:29,120 --> 00:10:32,159 it's a mecca for people who aren't going to Mecca. 204 00:10:32,160 --> 00:10:36,159 Vegas is a shimmering visual metaphor for human indulgence, 205 00:10:36,160 --> 00:10:37,559 according to our director, 206 00:10:37,560 --> 00:10:40,599 and too far away and expensive for us to film in, 207 00:10:40,600 --> 00:10:43,520 according to our producer, who lost the argument. 208 00:10:46,400 --> 00:10:47,879 Given its reputation, 209 00:10:47,880 --> 00:10:50,839 Las Vegas is also known as Sin City, 210 00:10:50,840 --> 00:10:53,239 which is short for Cincinnati, 211 00:10:53,240 --> 00:10:56,160 or would be, if that wasn't a different place altogether. 212 00:10:56,680 --> 00:10:59,319 Many of the tourists who flock here each year hope 213 00:10:59,320 --> 00:11:02,440 that what happens in Vegas stays in Vegas. 214 00:11:02,960 --> 00:11:04,039 Maybe that's true. 215 00:11:04,040 --> 00:11:06,919 But on the other hand, God sees everything, 216 00:11:06,920 --> 00:11:10,080 even that thing my ex Sean used to do with his thumb. 217 00:11:10,680 --> 00:11:14,559 Worse still, God doesn't just know about the sinful things you've done. 218 00:11:14,560 --> 00:11:18,760 He also knows about the sinful things you're merely thinking of doing. 219 00:11:19,680 --> 00:11:21,559 God knows everything we're thinking. 220 00:11:21,560 --> 00:11:24,119 That's a data privacy nightmare, isn't it? 221 00:11:24,120 --> 00:11:25,640 Is there a way to opt out? 222 00:11:26,960 --> 00:11:28,079 Not that I'm aware of. 223 00:11:28,080 --> 00:11:32,639 Could you put God off the scent by only thinking decoy thoughts, 224 00:11:32,640 --> 00:11:36,079 like only thinking the opposite of what you actually think? 225 00:11:36,080 --> 00:11:37,320 Would that work? 226 00:11:39,200 --> 00:11:40,079 I don't think so. 227 00:11:40,080 --> 00:11:41,000 No. 228 00:11:41,640 --> 00:11:44,679 You're not just dealing with a God who's omniscient, knows everything. 229 00:11:44,680 --> 00:11:48,439 You're also dealing with a God who is omnipotent, is all-powerful. 230 00:11:48,440 --> 00:11:52,399 I'll be honest. This relationship with God throws up a lot of red flags. 231 00:11:52,400 --> 00:11:54,480 He's watching us all the time. 232 00:11:55,080 --> 00:11:56,239 He sets rules. 233 00:11:56,240 --> 00:11:57,800 He's got a terrible temper. 234 00:11:58,880 --> 00:12:00,319 He even thinks he's God. 235 00:12:00,320 --> 00:12:03,040 Isn't he basically just a toxic narcissist? 236 00:12:04,200 --> 00:12:08,719 If you follow God's rules religiously, you'll ascend to the kingdom of heaven, 237 00:12:08,720 --> 00:12:09,799 which sounds great. 238 00:12:09,800 --> 00:12:12,119 Although, if you're old when you die, 239 00:12:12,120 --> 00:12:14,800 you might not want to be going up a lot of stairs. 240 00:12:16,920 --> 00:12:18,959 In heaven, nobody has to work anymore. 241 00:12:18,960 --> 00:12:21,839 The most that will be asked of you is doing the washing up, 242 00:12:21,840 --> 00:12:24,679 but since all earthly appetites will have been sated, 243 00:12:24,680 --> 00:12:26,840 we can only be talking about the odd mug. 244 00:12:27,920 --> 00:12:30,239 The alternative to heaven is hell, 245 00:12:30,240 --> 00:12:32,999 a fiery pit of damnation and eternal torment 246 00:12:33,000 --> 00:12:36,359 which currently only has two stars on Tripadvisor. 247 00:12:36,360 --> 00:12:38,560 This is quite a spiritual show. 248 00:12:39,120 --> 00:12:41,759 Can I ask about our souls? 249 00:12:41,760 --> 00:12:46,159 Do we get judged for the cleanliness of our souls when we get to heaven? 250 00:12:46,160 --> 00:12:49,680 I think we get judged by how we've acted in the world. 251 00:12:50,200 --> 00:12:53,520 When we look into our souls, what do we find there? 252 00:12:55,120 --> 00:12:58,439 Well, it depends how far we're prepared to look into it. 253 00:12:58,440 --> 00:13:00,240 How far you look up, yeah. 254 00:13:00,800 --> 00:13:02,279 [organ playing] 255 00:13:02,280 --> 00:13:04,239 God's unforgiving nature means 256 00:13:04,240 --> 00:13:06,959 his believers try to stay in his good books 257 00:13:06,960 --> 00:13:09,399 through a form of organized groveling 258 00:13:09,400 --> 00:13:10,440 called worship. 259 00:13:13,600 --> 00:13:19,200 ♪ Enter our souls, king of heaven ♪ 260 00:13:19,960 --> 00:13:24,879 ♪ Even though they reek of sin ♪ 261 00:13:24,880 --> 00:13:29,759 ♪ Enter our souls resolutely ♪ 262 00:13:29,760 --> 00:13:34,680 ♪ Penetrate the depths within ♪ 263 00:13:35,280 --> 00:13:37,320 ♪ Our souls! Our souls! ♪ 264 00:13:37,920 --> 00:13:40,079 ♪ Our souls! Our souls! ♪ 265 00:13:40,080 --> 00:13:46,320 ♪ Fill them up unto the brim ♪ 266 00:13:48,840 --> 00:13:52,599 Many find praising God in this way gives them a purpose in life. 267 00:13:52,600 --> 00:13:54,120 Sucking up to the boss. 268 00:13:55,520 --> 00:13:59,040 If God's up there looking down on us, why do we kneel when we pray? 269 00:13:59,920 --> 00:14:06,080 {\an8}Kneeling is the expression of a sense of awe and holiness. 270 00:14:06,680 --> 00:14:09,559 But what's the point in kneeling though, all bent over? 271 00:14:09,560 --> 00:14:11,319 You know, it's terrible acoustics. 272 00:14:11,320 --> 00:14:15,479 Wouldn't it be better to stand up and shout a list of demands up to the sky? 273 00:14:15,480 --> 00:14:18,119 God is not in the sky, literally. 274 00:14:18,120 --> 00:14:21,079 Right. So where is he? Has he got an address? 275 00:14:21,080 --> 00:14:24,360 God is present 276 00:14:25,240 --> 00:14:29,319 in all places and all times. 277 00:14:29,320 --> 00:14:31,439 What, even, like, in cupboards? 278 00:14:31,440 --> 00:14:35,080 Well, you've raised a very important question here 279 00:14:35,840 --> 00:14:40,839 because one way of thinking 280 00:14:40,840 --> 00:14:46,280 about the divine presence is in terms of his knowledge. 281 00:14:46,920 --> 00:14:50,640 So maybe God is not located in the cupboard, 282 00:14:51,480 --> 00:14:56,439 but he knows about the state of affairs in the cupboard. 283 00:14:56,440 --> 00:14:58,640 Uh, sorry, is he in a cupboard or not? 284 00:14:59,640 --> 00:15:03,439 Not everyone believes God is solely responsible for giving us life. 285 00:15:03,440 --> 00:15:05,560 Other origin stories are available. 286 00:15:07,400 --> 00:15:11,839 The man slowly moving towards you is unshaven Victorian genius Charles Darwin. 287 00:15:11,840 --> 00:15:15,039 One day, Darwin rode a beagle to the Galápagos Islands, 288 00:15:15,040 --> 00:15:19,159 where an exotic tortoise gave him an idea in the form of a theory, 289 00:15:19,160 --> 00:15:23,480 a theory that human bodies haven't always been human bodies. 290 00:15:24,720 --> 00:15:28,120 Why do we say our ancestors came in apes? 291 00:15:29,720 --> 00:15:31,159 {\an8}Our ancestors came...? 292 00:15:31,160 --> 00:15:32,160 In apes. 293 00:15:33,000 --> 00:15:34,959 Ah. They didn't come from apes. 294 00:15:34,960 --> 00:15:39,399 Apes and ourselves came from something else. 295 00:15:39,400 --> 00:15:40,319 A chimp? 296 00:15:40,320 --> 00:15:45,279 It's sort of... It's not exactly like a chimp or a modern ape or ourselves. 297 00:15:45,280 --> 00:15:48,200 - Right. So we didn't come in a chimp? - No. 298 00:15:49,560 --> 00:15:52,759 [Philomena] It's hard to believe we all mutated from monkey meat, 299 00:15:52,760 --> 00:15:56,919 unless you consider all life is basically the same at a microscopic level. 300 00:15:56,920 --> 00:16:01,200 Lots of things are alive, from tiny microbes to bigger microbes. 301 00:16:02,080 --> 00:16:04,519 Every life form is made of cells, 302 00:16:04,520 --> 00:16:05,839 like a prison, 303 00:16:05,840 --> 00:16:08,879 which is probably why existence is so depressing. 304 00:16:08,880 --> 00:16:10,360 It's a life sentence. 305 00:16:10,920 --> 00:16:13,800 Just like the sentences I say in this program about life. 306 00:16:15,560 --> 00:16:17,399 Are cells worth having? 307 00:16:17,400 --> 00:16:19,680 Well, without cells we wouldn't be. 308 00:16:20,200 --> 00:16:22,079 We're made up of trillions of cells. 309 00:16:22,080 --> 00:16:26,279 We all came from a single cell, so they're really important to us. 310 00:16:26,280 --> 00:16:29,999 Are my cells dividing and multiplying all the time, 311 00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:32,079 like even when I'm sitting here now? 312 00:16:32,080 --> 00:16:33,759 Since you've been sat there, 313 00:16:33,760 --> 00:16:37,479 you've had about a million cell divisions going on in your body. 314 00:16:37,480 --> 00:16:40,000 Ah, no wonder I feel so worn out all the time. 315 00:16:41,160 --> 00:16:43,759 Cells couldn't multiply without this, 316 00:16:43,760 --> 00:16:46,960 the IKEA instruction manual for life, DNA. 317 00:16:47,880 --> 00:16:51,559 DNA is tiny yet complex, like Tom Cruise. 318 00:16:51,560 --> 00:16:55,279 It would take a typist over 50 years to type out the DNA sequence, 319 00:16:55,280 --> 00:16:58,880 which would be stupid because she could cut and paste it and go home. 320 00:16:59,360 --> 00:17:01,759 I call her "she" because of unconscious bias, 321 00:17:01,760 --> 00:17:04,320 which is in my DNA and not my fault. 322 00:17:05,000 --> 00:17:06,880 Have you heard of D and A? 323 00:17:08,000 --> 00:17:09,079 {\an8}Yes. 324 00:17:09,080 --> 00:17:10,999 {\an8}Do we all have D and A? 325 00:17:11,000 --> 00:17:14,200 Or do some of us have D or A, but not both? 326 00:17:15,320 --> 00:17:17,359 No, it's not D and A. 327 00:17:17,360 --> 00:17:20,319 It's three letters. DNA. 328 00:17:20,320 --> 00:17:23,640 Can you tell by looking at me whether I have DNA? 329 00:17:24,280 --> 00:17:27,439 Well, I know you have DNA because you're a living organism, 330 00:17:27,440 --> 00:17:28,840 and all life has DNA. 331 00:17:29,360 --> 00:17:31,919 My mate Paul tried to create a new life-form 332 00:17:31,920 --> 00:17:34,679 by inserting his DNA into a grapefruit, 333 00:17:34,680 --> 00:17:38,960 but halfway through the experiment, the greengrocer started hitting him. 334 00:17:39,600 --> 00:17:42,040 Why is science so controversial? 335 00:17:44,880 --> 00:17:49,319 Sorry, that... that question didn't follow from your story of the... 336 00:17:49,320 --> 00:17:50,880 - DNA. - No, it changed, yeah. 337 00:17:52,040 --> 00:17:53,639 One of life's biggest mysteries 338 00:17:53,640 --> 00:17:56,560 is how it's possible for me to look both like my mother 339 00:17:58,120 --> 00:17:59,400 and my father 340 00:18:00,240 --> 00:18:01,560 at the same time, 341 00:18:02,040 --> 00:18:04,120 even though I've only got one face. 342 00:18:04,760 --> 00:18:09,719 Is it true the most important thing we can do as humans is piss in our jeans? 343 00:18:09,720 --> 00:18:11,080 [man] Pass on our genes. 344 00:18:12,240 --> 00:18:14,800 - Sorry? - [man] Sorry, it's "pass on our genes." 345 00:18:15,600 --> 00:18:17,119 Oh, right. 346 00:18:17,120 --> 00:18:21,560 Um, is it true the most important thing we can do as a human is... 347 00:18:22,080 --> 00:18:23,000 pass... 348 00:18:24,040 --> 00:18:25,400 pass on our genes? 349 00:18:26,000 --> 00:18:28,359 I don't know if it's the most important thing, 350 00:18:28,360 --> 00:18:29,959 but it is very important 351 00:18:29,960 --> 00:18:34,280 because what it means is that you pass on your genes from you 352 00:18:35,120 --> 00:18:36,359 to your child. 353 00:18:36,360 --> 00:18:38,679 What if I don't want to pass on any of mine? 354 00:18:38,680 --> 00:18:40,959 Then, um, then you don't have to. 355 00:18:40,960 --> 00:18:42,839 Right. How can I avoid it? 356 00:18:42,840 --> 00:18:45,960 Well, um, you have to make love. 357 00:18:47,120 --> 00:18:49,200 What, to avoid passing on my genes? 358 00:18:52,320 --> 00:18:56,559 All living things reproduce, which means all living things procreate. 359 00:18:56,560 --> 00:18:59,359 Dogs, lions, pigs, 360 00:18:59,360 --> 00:19:02,039 penguins, monkeys, shell monsters, 361 00:19:02,040 --> 00:19:03,599 elephants, horses, 362 00:19:03,600 --> 00:19:06,079 David and Victoria Beckham, and pigs again. 363 00:19:06,080 --> 00:19:10,759 The female reproductive organs are largely hidden indoors for safekeeping 364 00:19:10,760 --> 00:19:13,639 and normally only visible behind some kind of paywall. 365 00:19:13,640 --> 00:19:17,639 By contrast, the male genitals, or "Mr. Genitals," 366 00:19:17,640 --> 00:19:21,199 live on the outside of the body, where they can be easily photographed 367 00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:24,040 and DM'ed to a potential mate without consent. 368 00:19:24,680 --> 00:19:26,879 So, which bit's the penis? 369 00:19:26,880 --> 00:19:29,439 So, the penis is over here. It's this bit here. 370 00:19:29,440 --> 00:19:32,600 Right. I'll talk quietly. I don't want to wake it. 371 00:19:33,200 --> 00:19:34,479 This is a flaccid penis. 372 00:19:34,480 --> 00:19:38,159 {\an8}So, for sexual intercourse, it has to become erect. 373 00:19:38,160 --> 00:19:41,080 So what happens, then? What bit goes where? 374 00:19:41,920 --> 00:19:44,639 - So this penis needs to become erect. - Yeah. 375 00:19:44,640 --> 00:19:48,039 And then it will be put into the vagina here during intercourse, 376 00:19:48,040 --> 00:19:51,959 and he's going to ejaculate sperm through his penis 377 00:19:51,960 --> 00:19:53,719 and then into the woman's vagina. 378 00:19:53,720 --> 00:19:55,360 [exhales] Christ. 379 00:19:55,920 --> 00:19:58,080 I hope nothing like that ever happens to me. 380 00:19:58,800 --> 00:20:02,239 The disappointingly-flavored soup that vomits from the penis 381 00:20:02,240 --> 00:20:04,839 contains millions of plucky young tadpoles 382 00:20:04,840 --> 00:20:08,759 which swim their way up through the female pipework towards an egg 383 00:20:08,760 --> 00:20:13,079 and then kamikaze into it, like a tiny 9/11 happening up a lady. 384 00:20:13,080 --> 00:20:17,039 This is where, incredibly, the miracle of life begins 385 00:20:17,040 --> 00:20:22,120 and the precise moment that a woman's right to choose ends. 386 00:20:23,560 --> 00:20:25,519 Nine months after conception, 387 00:20:25,520 --> 00:20:28,639 the infant painlessly slides through the lady's front hole 388 00:20:28,640 --> 00:20:30,399 and out into the world. 389 00:20:30,400 --> 00:20:34,800 It then slowly mutates from a baby into an actual human being. 390 00:20:35,680 --> 00:20:37,960 But what exactly is a human being? 391 00:20:38,760 --> 00:20:41,800 What percentage of people have a human body? 392 00:20:43,080 --> 00:20:44,680 {\an8}All humans have a human body. 393 00:20:45,320 --> 00:20:47,239 {\an8}What about people holding a cat? 394 00:20:47,240 --> 00:20:50,159 Have they got a human body and a cat's body, 395 00:20:50,160 --> 00:20:51,720 or does it not work that way? 396 00:20:52,320 --> 00:20:54,359 No, the two are completely separate. 397 00:20:54,360 --> 00:20:57,120 The human is a human and the cat is a cat. 398 00:20:58,360 --> 00:21:02,599 [Philomena] Human biology has existed almost as long as humans themselves, 399 00:21:02,600 --> 00:21:03,720 if not longer. 400 00:21:04,200 --> 00:21:09,080 It involves a complex arrangement of skin and meat machines called organs. 401 00:21:09,680 --> 00:21:13,039 Put these organs in a plastic bag and walk around a shoe shop with them 402 00:21:13,040 --> 00:21:14,639 and you'd be arrested. 403 00:21:14,640 --> 00:21:17,959 But put them in the right order and you've got a human body, 404 00:21:17,960 --> 00:21:22,160 an exquisitely constructed machine that also farts and eats crisps. 405 00:21:23,680 --> 00:21:25,359 Our organs are so gory, 406 00:21:25,360 --> 00:21:27,799 some people can't bear to see images like this. 407 00:21:27,800 --> 00:21:31,440 If you're one of those sensitive viewers, look away five seconds ago. 408 00:21:32,440 --> 00:21:36,799 Is the correct term for all this offal or gore? 409 00:21:36,800 --> 00:21:38,159 All this stuff. 410 00:21:38,160 --> 00:21:40,640 Yeah, that is... This is called the intestine. 411 00:21:41,160 --> 00:21:44,679 If you pulled an intestine out, how long would it be? 412 00:21:44,680 --> 00:21:46,719 It would be many meters. 413 00:21:46,720 --> 00:21:48,680 Okay, but why are you pulling it out? 414 00:21:49,240 --> 00:21:52,439 We wouldn't normally pull it out unless there was a disease process. 415 00:21:52,440 --> 00:21:55,279 - So you don't know why it's happening? - No. 416 00:21:55,280 --> 00:21:58,239 [Philomena] All these slimy innards need a surrounding structure 417 00:21:58,240 --> 00:22:01,519 to stop them slopping onto the floor for passersby to slip on. 418 00:22:01,520 --> 00:22:05,319 We wouldn't be upstanding citizens if it wasn't for this, 419 00:22:05,320 --> 00:22:07,679 the human skeleton of ghost train fame. 420 00:22:07,680 --> 00:22:11,840 It's incredible to think that there's one of these inside some of us. 421 00:22:13,520 --> 00:22:16,400 Did you know only 40% of people have skeletons? 422 00:22:18,360 --> 00:22:22,199 - Where did you get this figure from? - It's true. I saw a video about it. 423 00:22:22,200 --> 00:22:25,439 You only find out if you've got a skeleton after you die. 424 00:22:25,440 --> 00:22:27,239 Some people are just solid meat. 425 00:22:27,240 --> 00:22:29,959 - This is-- - You know Burt Lancaster, the actor? 426 00:22:29,960 --> 00:22:32,240 He was solid meat, apparently, like a sausage. 427 00:22:33,080 --> 00:22:36,279 Every human being has a skeleton. 428 00:22:36,280 --> 00:22:38,160 That figure is 100%. 429 00:22:39,080 --> 00:22:40,719 Did you know knees are a con? 430 00:22:40,720 --> 00:22:41,959 Why do you say that? 431 00:22:41,960 --> 00:22:44,439 If you walk everywhere without bending your legs, 432 00:22:44,440 --> 00:22:46,560 you can prolong your life by about eight years. 433 00:22:47,200 --> 00:22:48,800 I went running this morning. 434 00:22:49,280 --> 00:22:51,359 How would I run without bending my knees? 435 00:22:51,360 --> 00:22:54,079 I'm not saying you didn't bend your knees. 436 00:22:54,080 --> 00:22:57,079 I'm just saying that if you didn't bend your knees, 437 00:22:57,080 --> 00:22:59,520 you could prolong your life by eight years. 438 00:23:00,120 --> 00:23:03,200 Although, it does make stairs a problem. I'll grant you that. 439 00:23:03,760 --> 00:23:06,879 The most important bit of the human body is up here, 440 00:23:06,880 --> 00:23:09,560 in the driver's compartment or "skull." 441 00:23:10,360 --> 00:23:13,159 Imprisoned within every skull is a creature we've enslaved 442 00:23:13,160 --> 00:23:14,599 to do our thinking for us, 443 00:23:14,600 --> 00:23:17,880 a sort of smart cauliflower known as the brain. 444 00:23:18,680 --> 00:23:21,839 {\an8}- So, this is a brain. - This is a brain. 445 00:23:21,840 --> 00:23:24,919 How many of these are in an average head? 446 00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:26,879 We have one each. 447 00:23:26,880 --> 00:23:28,320 - Just the one? - Just the one brain. 448 00:23:29,840 --> 00:23:32,479 [Philomena] The brain doesn't just tackle complex tasks 449 00:23:32,480 --> 00:23:34,480 like blinking or making porridge. 450 00:23:35,040 --> 00:23:39,360 It also handles trivial things, like our entire human consciousness, 451 00:23:39,880 --> 00:23:42,560 the origins of which are a complete mystery. 452 00:23:44,120 --> 00:23:47,439 Does the brain generate the consciousness, 453 00:23:47,440 --> 00:23:50,320 or does the consciousness operate the brain? 454 00:23:51,200 --> 00:23:53,599 - You'll find lots of disagreements-- - Oh, sorry. 455 00:23:53,600 --> 00:23:56,039 I'm supposed to remind you to keep your answer... 456 00:23:56,040 --> 00:23:57,199 What was it? 457 00:23:57,200 --> 00:23:59,479 "Coherent for our fuck-witted viewers." 458 00:23:59,480 --> 00:24:01,719 It is a complicated question. 459 00:24:01,720 --> 00:24:05,839 My view is that the brain generates consciousness, 460 00:24:05,840 --> 00:24:08,639 but consciousness gives us the ability to do things 461 00:24:08,640 --> 00:24:11,599 that we wouldn't be able to do if we weren't conscious. 462 00:24:11,600 --> 00:24:12,999 Right. Thank you. 463 00:24:13,000 --> 00:24:17,880 And apparently, I wasn't supposed to read that card aloud, so... 464 00:24:18,960 --> 00:24:20,320 Apologies to you at home. 465 00:24:22,360 --> 00:24:25,040 All of this leads to a fundamental human question. 466 00:24:25,640 --> 00:24:26,480 Who am I? 467 00:24:27,160 --> 00:24:30,440 Not me, obviously. I'm on the telly, so people know who I am. 468 00:24:30,920 --> 00:24:33,120 But who are you? What are you doing here? 469 00:24:33,800 --> 00:24:36,280 And is any of this really happening? 470 00:24:37,640 --> 00:24:41,239 When we have a thought, like if I picture a windmill, 471 00:24:41,240 --> 00:24:43,080 how real is that windmill? 472 00:24:44,080 --> 00:24:45,199 It's not real. 473 00:24:45,200 --> 00:24:46,279 It's not real? 474 00:24:46,280 --> 00:24:47,959 It's in your... It's in your mind. 475 00:24:47,960 --> 00:24:50,720 Why did I picture a windmill, though? Is it a clue? 476 00:24:51,280 --> 00:24:52,479 A clue to...? 477 00:24:52,480 --> 00:24:53,839 - Something. - I don't know. 478 00:24:53,840 --> 00:24:55,919 It depends what you were thinking about. 479 00:24:55,920 --> 00:24:57,520 What's inside the windmill? 480 00:24:58,120 --> 00:25:01,120 Um, it depends what you were thinking about. 481 00:25:02,400 --> 00:25:05,440 What if someone lives inside the windmill 482 00:25:06,200 --> 00:25:09,440 and I'm not imagining them, they're imagining me? 483 00:25:10,120 --> 00:25:15,240 This is a very unusual way to think about how imagination works. 484 00:25:16,320 --> 00:25:19,439 [Philomena] Imagination is a side effect of having a mind, 485 00:25:19,440 --> 00:25:21,639 and some believe it can be enhanced 486 00:25:21,640 --> 00:25:24,240 with the use of mind-expanding drugs. 487 00:25:25,320 --> 00:25:30,999 When hippies took mind-expanding drugs, how much wider did their minds get? 488 00:25:31,000 --> 00:25:33,079 Did their skulls ever pop open? 489 00:25:33,080 --> 00:25:34,759 Their skulls didn't pop open, 490 00:25:34,760 --> 00:25:39,959 {\an8}but it meant that they were more open to ideas and philosophies and concepts 491 00:25:39,960 --> 00:25:42,039 they may not have previously considered. 492 00:25:42,040 --> 00:25:46,480 You know when people talk about opening their third eye? 493 00:25:47,400 --> 00:25:51,040 That's what my mate Paul calls the hole in the end of his penis. 494 00:25:51,840 --> 00:25:53,760 Why would anyone want to widen that? 495 00:25:54,360 --> 00:25:57,079 {\an8}The use of psychopathic drugs in the 1960s 496 00:25:57,080 --> 00:26:01,920 also led popular figures to contemplate more spiritual aspects to human existence. 497 00:26:02,800 --> 00:26:05,879 When The Beatles dropped acid and went to India, 498 00:26:05,880 --> 00:26:09,920 did they actually go, or was that part of the trip? 499 00:26:10,720 --> 00:26:12,439 No, they did actually go to India, 500 00:26:12,440 --> 00:26:16,199 and they visited an ashram and gurus while they were out there. 501 00:26:16,200 --> 00:26:20,959 It changed the stuff they said, didn't it? They said, "All you need is love," 502 00:26:20,960 --> 00:26:24,799 and then George Harrison said, "All things must pass." 503 00:26:24,800 --> 00:26:27,439 Those were spiritual messages, weren't they? 504 00:26:27,440 --> 00:26:31,800 So when Paul said he was simply having a wonderful Christmastime, 505 00:26:32,640 --> 00:26:34,480 was there a deeper meaning there? 506 00:26:35,080 --> 00:26:36,999 I don't know if there was a deeper message there. 507 00:26:37,000 --> 00:26:40,439 That was a bit later that Paul was having a wonderful Christmastime. 508 00:26:40,440 --> 00:26:45,440 Yeah. My ex Sean sang that to me in bed once during an intimate moment. 509 00:26:46,200 --> 00:26:48,720 Honestly, I went as dry as a cat's tongue. 510 00:26:49,920 --> 00:26:53,159 Rock stars also popularized meditation 511 00:26:53,160 --> 00:26:56,719 as a way to clear the stresses of modern life from the mind. 512 00:26:56,720 --> 00:26:58,919 Do you have to sit down to meditate, 513 00:26:58,920 --> 00:27:01,559 or could I do it at the same time as something else, 514 00:27:01,560 --> 00:27:05,160 like driving or operating heavy machinery? 515 00:27:05,680 --> 00:27:06,959 Some people do... 516 00:27:06,960 --> 00:27:09,839 So, Buddhists, for example, do walking meditation, 517 00:27:09,840 --> 00:27:11,239 so you don't have to sit down. 518 00:27:11,240 --> 00:27:14,640 Does meditation help our souls relax? 519 00:27:15,240 --> 00:27:16,119 Yes. 520 00:27:16,120 --> 00:27:18,079 Meditation does help our souls relax? 521 00:27:18,080 --> 00:27:19,400 - Yes. - Yeah. 522 00:27:20,160 --> 00:27:24,679 Let's take a moment to realign ourselves with our present reality together. 523 00:27:24,680 --> 00:27:29,000 We're going to do a guided meditation now, so feel free to join in at home. 524 00:27:29,960 --> 00:27:31,280 [echoing] Close your eyes. 525 00:27:32,040 --> 00:27:33,480 Slow your breathing. 526 00:27:34,640 --> 00:27:36,279 Now, breathe in. 527 00:27:36,280 --> 00:27:38,000 [inhales deeply] 528 00:27:47,280 --> 00:27:48,319 Sorry, breathe out. 529 00:27:48,320 --> 00:27:50,160 [exhales heavily] 530 00:27:51,440 --> 00:27:54,360 Become aware of the rise and fall of your belly. 531 00:27:55,520 --> 00:27:58,080 Feel the fabric of your clothes on your skin. 532 00:27:58,760 --> 00:28:00,720 Why is it that particular material? 533 00:28:01,280 --> 00:28:04,000 Was it sewn together by a child in a sweatshop? 534 00:28:04,720 --> 00:28:07,080 Probably best not to think about that, actually. 535 00:28:08,080 --> 00:28:09,480 Listen to my voice. 536 00:28:10,680 --> 00:28:12,959 Why have they put a sort of echo effect on it? 537 00:28:12,960 --> 00:28:14,959 I think it's so that when they show this footage, 538 00:28:14,960 --> 00:28:17,919 it sounds like these are my thoughts echoing in my mind. 539 00:28:17,920 --> 00:28:19,480 But we filmed that weeks ago. 540 00:28:20,080 --> 00:28:21,520 Hang on. Where am I now? 541 00:28:22,360 --> 00:28:26,399 Hang on. That's me waking up and standing. That's not meant to happen. 542 00:28:26,400 --> 00:28:28,480 Help! I'm still here! 543 00:28:29,000 --> 00:28:31,079 Oh God, I've got separated from my own body. 544 00:28:31,080 --> 00:28:33,319 - They said this might happen. Help! - [gun cocking] 545 00:28:33,320 --> 00:28:34,479 - Help! - [gunshot] 546 00:28:34,480 --> 00:28:35,479 [thuds] 547 00:28:35,480 --> 00:28:38,720 [beeping] 548 00:28:40,480 --> 00:28:42,319 {\an8}[director] Our apologies for that. 549 00:28:42,320 --> 00:28:45,599 {\an8}We had a duplicate consciousness stuck on the voice-over track. 550 00:28:45,600 --> 00:28:50,360 {\an8}So we've had it shot and can shortly rejoin Cunk on Life. 551 00:28:52,520 --> 00:28:54,519 [announcer] Who's that walking through an awesome landscape 552 00:28:54,520 --> 00:28:55,679 recording a piece to camera? 553 00:28:55,680 --> 00:28:57,319 It's your very own Philomena Cunk! 554 00:28:57,320 --> 00:28:59,239 Featuring a vaguely realistic face, 555 00:28:59,240 --> 00:29:01,479 similar clothing, and a total lack of mannerisms. 556 00:29:01,480 --> 00:29:02,559 But that's not all. 557 00:29:02,560 --> 00:29:06,919 Philomena also sprouts facial hair, witnesses the crucifixion, and lays eggs! 558 00:29:06,920 --> 00:29:10,159 Pop off her head, tip her over, and whoops-a-daisy! Real blood! 559 00:29:10,160 --> 00:29:11,999 The fun doesn't end with mopping that up. 560 00:29:12,000 --> 00:29:14,919 Philomena pilots her very own spacecraft, the USS Triceratops, 561 00:29:14,920 --> 00:29:16,559 with her intergalactic friends, 562 00:29:16,560 --> 00:29:19,959 Captain Shitpeas, Mrs. Benson, and Barnaby-9. 563 00:29:19,960 --> 00:29:23,479 {\an8}Together they tour the galaxy, repairing black holes and mutilating cattle. 564 00:29:23,480 --> 00:29:26,559 Philomena Cunk & Pals. Available from all good retailers. 565 00:29:26,560 --> 00:29:27,559 May contain pine nuts. 566 00:29:27,560 --> 00:29:29,879 Side effects include spontaneous combustion and melancholy. 567 00:29:29,880 --> 00:29:32,120 Do not feed after midnight. Remember to hydrate. Amen. 568 00:29:34,000 --> 00:29:35,839 {\an8}[quirky music playing] 569 00:29:35,840 --> 00:29:37,480 {\an8}[Philomena] Coming up on Cunk on Life. 570 00:29:38,360 --> 00:29:40,840 {\an8}Meet a man facing oblivion on death row. 571 00:29:41,640 --> 00:29:44,279 {\an8}I ask a philosopher to probe our souls. 572 00:29:44,280 --> 00:29:47,720 {\an8}Do philosophers spend a lot of time thinking about our souls? 573 00:29:50,320 --> 00:29:52,519 {\an8}And I visit the Large Hadron Collider 574 00:29:52,520 --> 00:29:55,280 {\an8}for some astrochat with Professor Brian Cox. 575 00:29:56,000 --> 00:29:57,439 {\an8}What's a black hole? 576 00:29:57,440 --> 00:29:58,759 {\an8}A black hole? 577 00:29:58,760 --> 00:30:00,360 {\an8}Sorry, a hole of color. 578 00:30:01,520 --> 00:30:07,320 {\an8}But first, let's take a sideways look at the suffocating inevitability of death. 579 00:30:07,880 --> 00:30:10,839 [grandiose music playing] 580 00:30:10,840 --> 00:30:12,600 Death is the great leveler. 581 00:30:13,560 --> 00:30:17,559 In life, you might've been a billionaire, supermodel, president, and king, 582 00:30:17,560 --> 00:30:21,080 but the moment you die, you start rotting like a sausage in a lay-by. 583 00:30:23,920 --> 00:30:25,880 The big unknown is how you'll die. 584 00:30:26,400 --> 00:30:29,079 You might die falling off a ladder or a cliff, 585 00:30:29,080 --> 00:30:31,279 or into a lake full of knives. 586 00:30:31,280 --> 00:30:34,880 You could be hit by a car or a bus, or a tractor if you're rustic. 587 00:30:35,520 --> 00:30:38,759 Maybe you're already dead and watching this from beyond the grave, 588 00:30:38,760 --> 00:30:42,239 which would be a shame because you won't count towards the ratings. 589 00:30:42,240 --> 00:30:45,840 Statistically, which is more common, athlete's foot or death? 590 00:30:46,440 --> 00:30:49,479 Death is infinitely more common. 591 00:30:49,480 --> 00:30:51,760 In fact, it is guaranteed for all of us. 592 00:30:52,360 --> 00:30:56,600 How soon after death is it safe to resume your regular day-to-day activities? 593 00:30:57,360 --> 00:31:00,559 You can't resume your day-to-day activities 594 00:31:00,560 --> 00:31:01,520 once you're dead. 595 00:31:02,160 --> 00:31:03,959 - How would you? - So you can't do anything? 596 00:31:03,960 --> 00:31:05,600 You can't even listen to a podcast? 597 00:31:06,320 --> 00:31:08,039 You can't listen to anything. 598 00:31:08,040 --> 00:31:13,560 If you played a podcast to a corpse, would really none of it go in? 599 00:31:14,160 --> 00:31:15,800 Absolutely nothing would go in. 600 00:31:16,760 --> 00:31:18,959 One downside of our big brains is 601 00:31:18,960 --> 00:31:22,199 we're the only creatures who are aware that death is inevitable. 602 00:31:22,200 --> 00:31:25,839 Although, if you lined ten dogs in a row and shot them one by one, 603 00:31:25,840 --> 00:31:29,400 the dog on the end would probably get the gist by about dog four. 604 00:31:30,320 --> 00:31:33,679 Of course, it's easy to forget about death until it happens to you, 605 00:31:33,680 --> 00:31:35,879 at which point your brain gets wiped anyway. 606 00:31:35,880 --> 00:31:38,439 It wasn't like that in medieval times. 607 00:31:38,440 --> 00:31:42,319 Back then, thanks to plagues, wars, and a general undercurrent of violence, 608 00:31:42,320 --> 00:31:44,519 people were casually familiar with death. 609 00:31:44,520 --> 00:31:47,160 In fact, they got FOMO when they didn't die. 610 00:31:48,040 --> 00:31:51,559 And this matey relationship with their own mortality 611 00:31:51,560 --> 00:31:53,720 was reflected up their art. 612 00:31:55,360 --> 00:31:57,599 This is Bruegel's Triumph of Death, 613 00:31:57,600 --> 00:32:02,239 which depicts an army of the undead violently laying waste to humankind 614 00:32:02,240 --> 00:32:05,960 in scenes unlikely to be adapted into a Pixar movie. 615 00:32:07,320 --> 00:32:09,599 It's terrifying to think this actually happened. 616 00:32:09,600 --> 00:32:12,599 We're lucky Bruegel managed to capture this image 617 00:32:12,600 --> 00:32:15,079 before he too was captured by the skeletons. 618 00:32:15,080 --> 00:32:17,959 In fact, I'm surprised he could paint at all. 619 00:32:17,960 --> 00:32:20,119 My hands would have been shaking so much, 620 00:32:20,120 --> 00:32:22,320 I'd have had my own eye out with the brush. 621 00:32:25,160 --> 00:32:26,640 What the fuck is this? 622 00:32:28,360 --> 00:32:31,400 {\an8}Well, it's a scene of imagination, 623 00:32:32,600 --> 00:32:35,440 but it's not a scene that Bruegel would have actually... 624 00:32:36,560 --> 00:32:37,400 witnessed. 625 00:32:38,080 --> 00:32:40,200 I mean, but it could happen, couldn't it? 626 00:32:42,480 --> 00:32:44,239 [sighs] No, it couldn't happen. 627 00:32:44,240 --> 00:32:47,920 Misinformation is getting so sophisticated, it's terrifying. 628 00:32:49,880 --> 00:32:53,399 For years, morbid art like this depicted an ominous figure 629 00:32:53,400 --> 00:32:55,600 dispatching human souls with a scythe. 630 00:32:56,400 --> 00:32:58,999 That's this man, the Grim Reaper. 631 00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:02,639 Don't worry. I haven't gone mad. It only looks like there's no one there. 632 00:33:02,640 --> 00:33:05,559 In fact, you won't be able to see the Grim Reaper at home 633 00:33:05,560 --> 00:33:08,599 unless you're going to die within the next 24 hours. 634 00:33:08,600 --> 00:33:12,480 What happens after death is the subject of huge debate. 635 00:33:13,040 --> 00:33:15,959 Some think that after you die, you evolve into a ghost, 636 00:33:15,960 --> 00:33:19,200 a sort of low-tech hologram made of haunted smoke. 637 00:33:19,840 --> 00:33:21,799 Scientists say ghosts don't exist, 638 00:33:21,800 --> 00:33:24,719 even though they've been caught on camera loads of times, 639 00:33:24,720 --> 00:33:27,280 like in Poltergeist and Poltergeist II 640 00:33:27,760 --> 00:33:29,799 and the remake of Poltergeist. 641 00:33:29,800 --> 00:33:33,600 In fact, ghosts have been caught on camera more often than scientists have. 642 00:33:34,240 --> 00:33:35,440 So who's real now? 643 00:33:36,760 --> 00:33:40,720 Should we move on to more, uh, hardcore scientific stuff? 644 00:33:41,600 --> 00:33:43,480 Okay, so ghosts. 645 00:33:44,080 --> 00:33:46,079 When a human body dies, 646 00:33:46,080 --> 00:33:50,280 which hole does the ghost come out of, north or south? 647 00:33:53,280 --> 00:33:57,959 I don't regard ghosts as a hard scientific subject, I'm afraid. 648 00:33:57,960 --> 00:34:00,280 Let me tell you something. Don't dismiss it. 649 00:34:01,200 --> 00:34:06,000 In 2021, my aunt Carol got engaged to a man called Bob Collins. 650 00:34:06,880 --> 00:34:11,320 But one day, he just vanished and cleared out her bank account. 651 00:34:12,240 --> 00:34:14,640 And when she looked up the name Bob Collins, 652 00:34:15,240 --> 00:34:17,880 she discovered he'd died in 1958. 653 00:34:18,720 --> 00:34:20,120 He'd been a ghost all along. 654 00:34:21,520 --> 00:34:24,199 Could it not have been someone impersonating Bob Collins? 655 00:34:24,200 --> 00:34:27,839 No, no. There were photos of Bob Collins in 1958, 656 00:34:27,840 --> 00:34:30,039 and he looked totally different, 657 00:34:30,040 --> 00:34:34,200 which proves he disguised himself, so she wouldn't know he was a ghost. 658 00:34:35,120 --> 00:34:37,279 You can't explain it, can you? It's terrifying. 659 00:34:37,280 --> 00:34:39,759 Isn't the easy answer that he doesn't look like him 660 00:34:39,760 --> 00:34:41,480 because it's a different person altogether? 661 00:34:44,480 --> 00:34:45,320 No, it... 662 00:34:49,360 --> 00:34:50,200 It's a ghost. 663 00:34:51,160 --> 00:34:54,959 Death, tragedy and suffering have always been part of human life. 664 00:34:54,960 --> 00:34:57,159 Struggling with lives of ceaseless misery, 665 00:34:57,160 --> 00:35:00,319 people began to wonder whether any kind of God exists at all. 666 00:35:00,320 --> 00:35:02,839 {\an8}[mellow music playing] 667 00:35:02,840 --> 00:35:05,719 {\an8}But for centuries, no one dared voice that suspicion 668 00:35:05,720 --> 00:35:09,000 in case God did exist and smited them shitless. 669 00:35:10,320 --> 00:35:12,679 But that was about to change. 670 00:35:12,680 --> 00:35:14,159 It's 1883, 671 00:35:14,160 --> 00:35:18,559 and German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche is hard at work in his study, 672 00:35:18,560 --> 00:35:20,720 putting his thoughts on paper. 673 00:35:22,800 --> 00:35:24,360 Don't worry. He can't hear me. 674 00:35:24,840 --> 00:35:27,239 He's about to write one of the most controver-- 675 00:35:27,240 --> 00:35:30,239 [phone ringing] 676 00:35:30,240 --> 00:35:31,440 [beeps, ringing stops] 677 00:35:34,720 --> 00:35:37,759 [softly] He's about to write one of the most controversial catchphrases 678 00:35:37,760 --> 00:35:38,800 in history. 679 00:35:39,360 --> 00:35:41,640 Three little words by the name of 680 00:35:42,320 --> 00:35:43,240 God is dead. 681 00:35:44,400 --> 00:35:48,919 {\an8}Nietzsche said, "God is dead," didn't he? And now he's dead himself. 682 00:35:48,920 --> 00:35:49,879 Who's next? 683 00:35:49,880 --> 00:35:52,440 Did he name the killer before he died? 684 00:35:53,520 --> 00:35:55,240 Nietzsche? No. 685 00:35:55,840 --> 00:35:57,400 I think he thought that... 686 00:35:59,520 --> 00:36:02,920 people should realize that they had constructed a God 687 00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:06,879 that actually wasn't doing them as much good as they thought, 688 00:36:06,880 --> 00:36:08,560 and people need to realize... 689 00:36:09,600 --> 00:36:12,919 not perhaps that he was dead, but that he hadn't existed. 690 00:36:12,920 --> 00:36:14,440 So he's saying we killed him? 691 00:36:16,320 --> 00:36:17,239 In effect. 692 00:36:17,240 --> 00:36:19,039 But I wasn't even born. 693 00:36:19,040 --> 00:36:20,519 No. Yeah. 694 00:36:20,520 --> 00:36:22,000 Nietzsche can fuck off. 695 00:36:23,080 --> 00:36:24,239 Mm. 696 00:36:24,240 --> 00:36:27,200 Can we be sure God didn't kill himself? 697 00:36:27,720 --> 00:36:30,280 'Cause you never know what people are going through. 698 00:36:32,760 --> 00:36:33,600 It's possible. 699 00:36:35,200 --> 00:36:37,759 [Philomena] Nietzsche's proclamation that God was dead 700 00:36:37,760 --> 00:36:40,279 caused an intellectual firestorm 701 00:36:40,280 --> 00:36:44,079 as writers and thinkers debated the decline of religious authority 702 00:36:44,080 --> 00:36:46,639 in an increasingly secularized world, 703 00:36:46,640 --> 00:36:52,479 107 years before the release of unrelated Belgian techno anthem "Pump Up the Jam." 704 00:36:52,480 --> 00:36:54,640 ["Pump Up The Jam" by Technotronic plays] 705 00:37:08,040 --> 00:37:10,279 {\an8}♪ Pump up the jam, pump it up ♪ 706 00:37:10,280 --> 00:37:13,559 {\an8}♪ While your feet are stomping And the jam is pumping ♪ 707 00:37:13,560 --> 00:37:16,079 {\an8}♪ Look ahead, the crowd is jumpin' ♪ 708 00:37:16,080 --> 00:37:17,719 {\an8}♪ Pump it up a little more ♪ 709 00:37:17,720 --> 00:37:19,799 {\an8}♪ Get the party goin' on the dance floor ♪ 710 00:37:19,800 --> 00:37:21,599 {\an8}♪ See, 'cause that's where The party's at ♪ 711 00:37:21,600 --> 00:37:23,680 {\an8}♪ And you'd find out if you do that ♪ 712 00:37:24,360 --> 00:37:27,519 {\an8} Awa, a place to stay ♪ 713 00:37:27,520 --> 00:37:30,119 {\an8}♪ Get your booty on the floor tonight ♪ 714 00:37:30,120 --> 00:37:31,440 ♪ Make my day ♪ 715 00:37:31,960 --> 00:37:35,199 ♪ Awa, a place to stay ♪ 716 00:37:35,200 --> 00:37:37,799 ♪ Get your booty on the floor tonight ♪ 717 00:37:37,800 --> 00:37:39,160 ♪ Make my day ♪ 718 00:37:40,000 --> 00:37:41,280 ♪ Make my day ♪ 719 00:37:41,840 --> 00:37:43,080 ♪ Make my day ♪ 720 00:37:43,840 --> 00:37:45,040 ♪ Make my day ♪ 721 00:37:45,800 --> 00:37:46,920 {\an8}♪ Make my day ♪ 722 00:37:54,360 --> 00:37:56,679 But if Nietzsche was right and God is dead, 723 00:37:56,680 --> 00:38:00,039 it means we've got no higher entities judging our lifestyles, 724 00:38:00,040 --> 00:38:02,399 except the people from the flat upstairs. 725 00:38:02,400 --> 00:38:05,079 It could create a terrifying moral vacuum 726 00:38:05,080 --> 00:38:07,999 in which people feel free to behave atrociously, 727 00:38:08,000 --> 00:38:11,519 like they did in the entertainment industry of the 1970s 728 00:38:11,520 --> 00:38:13,599 and the '80s and the '90s, 729 00:38:13,600 --> 00:38:16,080 2000s, 2010s, and today. 730 00:38:16,840 --> 00:38:19,079 Luckily, moral guidance was on hand 731 00:38:19,080 --> 00:38:21,040 thanks to the world of literature. 732 00:38:24,760 --> 00:38:27,079 There were a lot of influential Russian writers 733 00:38:27,080 --> 00:38:28,360 in the 19th century. 734 00:38:29,040 --> 00:38:32,039 Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, 735 00:38:32,040 --> 00:38:34,119 Turnover, and Pushkin. 736 00:38:34,120 --> 00:38:35,200 Who was best? 737 00:38:36,520 --> 00:38:37,959 I like Pushkin. 738 00:38:37,960 --> 00:38:38,999 - Yeah? - Yes. 739 00:38:39,000 --> 00:38:40,599 What about Turnover? 740 00:38:40,600 --> 00:38:44,720 Turnover is... What did he write? 741 00:38:45,560 --> 00:38:47,760 Oh, I don't know. It's in my notes. 742 00:38:48,720 --> 00:38:49,560 Um... 743 00:38:50,480 --> 00:38:54,080 "The main influential Russian writers were Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, 744 00:38:54,760 --> 00:38:57,479 Turgenev, Turnover, 745 00:38:57,480 --> 00:38:58,599 and Pushkin." 746 00:38:58,600 --> 00:39:01,719 It's all right if you've not heard of him. You shouldn't be embarrassed. 747 00:39:01,720 --> 00:39:03,399 I hadn't heard of him either. 748 00:39:03,400 --> 00:39:04,840 Yeah. No. No. 749 00:39:05,800 --> 00:39:08,879 [Philomena] This is one of the literary world's greatest moral thinkers, 750 00:39:08,880 --> 00:39:11,759 Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoevsky, 751 00:39:11,760 --> 00:39:14,080 seen here enjoying himself at a party. 752 00:39:14,720 --> 00:39:17,319 He wrote many books still not read to this day. 753 00:39:17,320 --> 00:39:20,759 But his most celebrated work, his absolute Tour de France, 754 00:39:20,760 --> 00:39:23,759 is unopened masterpiece Crimean D Punishment. 755 00:39:23,760 --> 00:39:27,959 Crime and Punishment grapples with individual freedom, 756 00:39:27,960 --> 00:39:31,319 the role of authority, and the complexities of morality. 757 00:39:31,320 --> 00:39:33,080 What would you give it out of ten? 758 00:39:34,640 --> 00:39:36,519 - I'd give it nine, I think. - Nine. 759 00:39:36,520 --> 00:39:37,640 Yeah. 760 00:39:39,200 --> 00:39:40,320 Nine. 761 00:39:41,240 --> 00:39:44,439 Punishment hasn't changed much since Dostoevsky's day, 762 00:39:44,440 --> 00:39:49,079 although, incredibly, in some countries, if an offender's crime was really bad, 763 00:39:49,080 --> 00:39:51,680 the authorities will actually cut their sentence short 764 00:39:52,680 --> 00:39:53,680 by killing them. 765 00:39:54,240 --> 00:39:57,919 Capital punishment forces us to ask questions like, "Does it hurt?" 766 00:39:57,920 --> 00:39:59,519 "Are tickets available?" 767 00:39:59,520 --> 00:40:01,959 and "What's the view like from seat 6A?" 768 00:40:01,960 --> 00:40:04,920 and also, other more profound moral questions. 769 00:40:05,840 --> 00:40:08,999 Why do we say people are facing the electric chair 770 00:40:09,000 --> 00:40:11,079 when they've got their backs to it? 771 00:40:11,080 --> 00:40:12,759 {\an8}I think you're taking it too literally. 772 00:40:12,760 --> 00:40:15,199 {\an8}What we mean by facing the electric chair is 773 00:40:15,200 --> 00:40:17,519 {\an8}is facing an inevitable death. 774 00:40:17,520 --> 00:40:18,480 [cell door shuts] 775 00:40:19,200 --> 00:40:21,559 [Philomena] This is Waylon Jackalope IV. 776 00:40:21,560 --> 00:40:25,039 In 2019, he skinned six people alive 777 00:40:25,040 --> 00:40:28,079 and was rewarded with his own Netflix documentary 778 00:40:28,080 --> 00:40:29,960 and a guest spot on death row. 779 00:40:31,000 --> 00:40:33,839 And I'm delighted to say he's joining us right now. 780 00:40:33,840 --> 00:40:37,119 So, Waylon. You murdered six people. 781 00:40:37,120 --> 00:40:38,960 Where'd you get your ideas from? 782 00:40:39,560 --> 00:40:41,639 It's kinda tough for me to dwell on. 783 00:40:41,640 --> 00:40:43,600 All I can say is, um, 784 00:40:44,200 --> 00:40:47,919 the Waylon Jackalope that killed those folks was a... 785 00:40:47,920 --> 00:40:50,600 a different man to the one you see today. 786 00:40:51,640 --> 00:40:53,600 So, it wasn't you? You're innocent? 787 00:40:55,040 --> 00:40:56,520 No, ma'am. I killed them. 788 00:40:57,240 --> 00:40:58,400 Oh, thank God for that. 789 00:40:59,160 --> 00:41:03,160 So, um, have you been on death row before, or is this your first time? 790 00:41:04,120 --> 00:41:05,000 First time. 791 00:41:05,560 --> 00:41:07,399 You're facing the electric chair. 792 00:41:07,400 --> 00:41:09,400 Aren't you worried about what's gonna happen? 793 00:41:09,920 --> 00:41:11,600 I've made my peace with the Lord, 794 00:41:12,280 --> 00:41:14,159 and I'm ready to meet him. 795 00:41:14,160 --> 00:41:17,359 Yeah, but aren't you scared it'll hurt? It's millions of volts. 796 00:41:17,360 --> 00:41:21,519 My mate Paul says your liver fries and your kidneys pop 797 00:41:21,520 --> 00:41:23,799 and your bowels go into reverse flow 798 00:41:23,800 --> 00:41:26,840 and shoot boiling shit up into your throat which chokes you. 799 00:41:27,320 --> 00:41:28,959 Apparently, it'd be genuinely more humane 800 00:41:28,960 --> 00:41:32,800 to pay some of the other inmates to hold you down and pull your head off. 801 00:41:38,080 --> 00:41:40,320 Anyway, um, best of luck. 802 00:41:42,400 --> 00:41:46,119 Actually, before you go, could you just do a quick promo thing for us 803 00:41:46,120 --> 00:41:47,400 into that phone? 804 00:41:48,000 --> 00:41:51,199 Could you say, "Watch me die on Cunk on Life"? 805 00:41:51,200 --> 00:41:53,200 It's for TikTok. It's only short. 806 00:41:54,840 --> 00:41:58,399 Watch me die on Cunk for Life. 807 00:41:58,400 --> 00:42:00,320 On Life, on Life. 808 00:42:01,840 --> 00:42:05,880 Watch me die on Cunk on Life. 809 00:42:07,120 --> 00:42:09,120 There you go. Wasn't hard, was it? 810 00:42:10,560 --> 00:42:14,639 Why does the electric chair only do one person at a time? 811 00:42:14,640 --> 00:42:18,920 Could you have an electric bench that does about seven in one go? 812 00:42:19,560 --> 00:42:22,239 You probably could. You definitely shouldn't. 813 00:42:22,240 --> 00:42:24,839 Would be quicker though, and you could do them in batches. 814 00:42:24,840 --> 00:42:28,359 It would be quicker, but we'd have to accept the death penalty was a... 815 00:42:28,360 --> 00:42:31,519 a sensible and useful thing to do, and I don't accept that so-- 816 00:42:31,520 --> 00:42:34,839 Electrocuting people isn't very eco-friendly, is it? 817 00:42:34,840 --> 00:42:37,559 Could we steam them to death instead? 818 00:42:37,560 --> 00:42:42,720 Uh, I'm sure there are other ways of administering the death penalty 819 00:42:43,920 --> 00:42:46,039 that might be more eco-friendly. 820 00:42:46,040 --> 00:42:48,879 I think the preference would be to not do it at all. 821 00:42:48,880 --> 00:42:54,159 In a just and moral society, is it better to kill one innocent person 822 00:42:54,160 --> 00:42:56,320 than to save one innocent person? 823 00:42:57,080 --> 00:43:00,240 It's never going to be better to kill an innocent person, I don't think. 824 00:43:01,360 --> 00:43:04,719 [Philomena] Contemplating weighty, big-bummed life and death dilemmas 825 00:43:04,720 --> 00:43:06,399 in a godless universe 826 00:43:06,400 --> 00:43:09,320 opens the door to nihilism and existentialism, 827 00:43:09,920 --> 00:43:12,840 two of the hardest-to-spell concepts in philosophy. 828 00:43:14,800 --> 00:43:20,840 {\an8}So nihilism is the view that nothing, absolutely nothing, matters. 829 00:43:21,440 --> 00:43:25,159 Why don't people mention they're nihilists on their dating profiles? 830 00:43:25,160 --> 00:43:27,279 Like, I went on a date with a bloke, 831 00:43:27,280 --> 00:43:29,959 and 20 minutes in, he said he was a nihilist 832 00:43:29,960 --> 00:43:33,359 and that because human existence is futile, 833 00:43:33,360 --> 00:43:36,679 there was no point continuing with the date, and he left. 834 00:43:36,680 --> 00:43:37,879 And I had to pay. 835 00:43:37,880 --> 00:43:40,160 Was he a nihilist or just a prick? 836 00:43:41,080 --> 00:43:42,160 Probably both. 837 00:43:42,640 --> 00:43:44,400 Yeah. As I suspected. 838 00:43:46,960 --> 00:43:49,999 Nihilism is the belief that life is meaningless 839 00:43:50,000 --> 00:43:53,239 and nothing is worth believing in except more nihilism. 840 00:43:53,240 --> 00:43:56,800 Existentialism is the same as that but using longer words. 841 00:43:57,360 --> 00:44:01,760 Who's the most famous existentialist in history? 842 00:44:02,360 --> 00:44:04,760 Probably Jean-Paul Sartre. 843 00:44:05,360 --> 00:44:07,560 Right. See, I'd have said it was E.T. 844 00:44:09,840 --> 00:44:12,279 This is the first celebrity existentialist, 845 00:44:12,280 --> 00:44:14,920 Parisian writer Jean-Paul-Sartre-and-Ringo. 846 00:44:15,440 --> 00:44:17,879 Sartre saw things differently to everybody else, 847 00:44:17,880 --> 00:44:20,199 partly because of his questioning mindset, 848 00:44:20,200 --> 00:44:21,960 but mainly because of those eyes. 849 00:44:22,840 --> 00:44:26,439 I mean, seriously, he could probably see the back of his own ears with them 850 00:44:26,440 --> 00:44:28,159 or write two books at once. 851 00:44:28,160 --> 00:44:30,719 That's why he was such a prolific author, 852 00:44:30,720 --> 00:44:34,719 writing book upon book, outlining his existentialist theories 853 00:44:34,720 --> 00:44:38,199 decades before the release of unrelated Belgian techno anthem, 854 00:44:38,200 --> 00:44:39,400 "Pump Up The Jam," 855 00:44:40,280 --> 00:44:41,520 which you heard earlier. 856 00:44:42,120 --> 00:44:44,359 {\an8}Someone told me that cats are a good example 857 00:44:44,360 --> 00:44:47,200 {\an8}of something that lives like an existentialist. 858 00:44:48,360 --> 00:44:51,920 A good life for an existentialist, if there is such a thing, 859 00:44:52,520 --> 00:44:56,879 is a matter of creating your own goals and values 860 00:44:56,880 --> 00:44:59,119 and sincerely following them. 861 00:44:59,120 --> 00:45:02,119 For example, my cat reacts to his environment 862 00:45:02,120 --> 00:45:05,559 rather than just being dragged around by others. 863 00:45:05,560 --> 00:45:09,079 How do you know cats aren't thinking about their existence? 864 00:45:09,080 --> 00:45:10,879 They might be really anxious, 865 00:45:10,880 --> 00:45:14,239 and when they say "meow," they're expressing their own pain 866 00:45:14,240 --> 00:45:16,359 Iike "me, ow." 867 00:45:16,360 --> 00:45:18,359 Well, cats have pain. 868 00:45:18,360 --> 00:45:20,480 They don't behave in a way 869 00:45:21,000 --> 00:45:23,959 that seems to suggest a level of self-consciousness. 870 00:45:23,960 --> 00:45:26,319 Cats lick their own bum holes, don't they? 871 00:45:26,320 --> 00:45:30,079 Are all existentialists supple enough to do that? 872 00:45:30,080 --> 00:45:31,640 Uh, no. 873 00:45:32,400 --> 00:45:33,479 [light music playing] 874 00:45:33,480 --> 00:45:36,159 [Philomena] Being overwhelmed with existential angst 875 00:45:36,160 --> 00:45:38,560 is part of being human. 876 00:45:41,720 --> 00:45:44,199 Some of the greatest artists in history have tried 877 00:45:44,200 --> 00:45:46,439 to express the agony of the human condition. 878 00:45:46,440 --> 00:45:50,320 And so have ones who could only paint as badly as this. 879 00:45:51,080 --> 00:45:52,959 This is Edvard Munch's The Scream, 880 00:45:52,960 --> 00:45:56,799 the first major existentialist statement to later become an emoji. 881 00:45:56,800 --> 00:45:59,919 What inspired Eddie Munch to paint this? 882 00:45:59,920 --> 00:46:03,239 {\an8}It was an experience he'd had walking with his friends. 883 00:46:03,240 --> 00:46:07,200 {\an8}But I've been on bridges, and you don't find me painting about it. 884 00:46:07,840 --> 00:46:10,479 How come we can't hear him? Is he on mute? 885 00:46:10,480 --> 00:46:13,719 No, it's nature that is screaming loudly, 886 00:46:13,720 --> 00:46:16,559 and we all could hear nature screaming loudly. 887 00:46:16,560 --> 00:46:20,479 So, is this one of the few examples of a silent painting? 888 00:46:20,480 --> 00:46:22,199 All paintings are silent. 889 00:46:22,200 --> 00:46:25,439 If Edvard Munch knew we wouldn't be able to hear it, 890 00:46:25,440 --> 00:46:29,439 why didn't he wait till this bloke's mouth was closed before painting him? 891 00:46:29,440 --> 00:46:30,919 It's just annoying. 892 00:46:30,920 --> 00:46:33,439 I've noticed he's not moving either. Why is that? 893 00:46:33,440 --> 00:46:38,559 Because he's rooted to the spot by the deep emotion he finds. 894 00:46:38,560 --> 00:46:41,400 So it's a freeze-frame of a painting? 895 00:46:42,000 --> 00:46:45,760 It's a freeze-frame of a mood. 896 00:46:46,360 --> 00:46:49,479 Drew Barrymore dies at the start of this painting, doesn't she? 897 00:46:49,480 --> 00:46:53,239 Do you know if they've got Scream 2 in this gallery as well? 898 00:46:53,240 --> 00:46:54,599 - Scream 2? - Yeah. 899 00:46:54,600 --> 00:46:56,719 I'm afraid I don't know Scream 2. 900 00:46:56,720 --> 00:46:59,000 But this was based on the film, wasn't it? 901 00:46:59,880 --> 00:47:04,960 I don't think he'd seen the film. It's a painting of an experience he'd had. 902 00:47:05,520 --> 00:47:09,960 But not a physical experience, an emotional and psychological experience. 903 00:47:10,680 --> 00:47:12,320 We paint our souls. 904 00:47:13,080 --> 00:47:14,880 Why do we paint arseholes? 905 00:47:16,160 --> 00:47:18,359 The more agonized and miserable the artwork, 906 00:47:18,360 --> 00:47:19,759 the more people like it. 907 00:47:19,760 --> 00:47:23,959 And no dead agonized artist is bigger than miserable redhead and own-ear vandal, 908 00:47:23,960 --> 00:47:26,280 Vincenzo Van Beethoven Gogh. 909 00:47:27,560 --> 00:47:29,519 As you can see from this photograph, 910 00:47:29,520 --> 00:47:32,479 Van Gogh actually resembled a painting in real life, 911 00:47:32,480 --> 00:47:35,240 making a career in art inevitable. 912 00:47:36,080 --> 00:47:38,519 Several of his works, such as Sad Flowers, 913 00:47:38,520 --> 00:47:40,039 Scary Night, 914 00:47:40,040 --> 00:47:43,719 and Woofy McPoker, have fetched millions at auction. 915 00:47:43,720 --> 00:47:48,920 £22.5 million for the last time. 916 00:47:50,120 --> 00:47:52,759 [Philomena] This is one of his most famous works, 917 00:47:52,760 --> 00:47:54,440 Wheatfield with Crows. 918 00:47:55,320 --> 00:47:58,039 At first glance, it's a simple, rural scene, 919 00:47:58,040 --> 00:48:02,039 but look closer and you'll see it's actually very badly made. 920 00:48:02,040 --> 00:48:03,520 Take these birds. 921 00:48:04,080 --> 00:48:05,959 Apparently, they're crows, 922 00:48:05,960 --> 00:48:09,079 but it's impossible to know 'cause there's no detail at all. 923 00:48:09,080 --> 00:48:11,039 Some are big. Some are small. 924 00:48:11,040 --> 00:48:12,960 Some have more wings than others. 925 00:48:13,440 --> 00:48:15,559 Looking at this, it's hard to believe 926 00:48:15,560 --> 00:48:19,719 Van Gogh had actually even seen a crow or a wheat field, 927 00:48:19,720 --> 00:48:21,800 or even held a brush before. 928 00:48:23,360 --> 00:48:24,560 Look at those strokes. 929 00:48:25,240 --> 00:48:26,359 They're sloppy. 930 00:48:26,360 --> 00:48:29,039 It's like he painted it wearing boxing gloves. 931 00:48:29,040 --> 00:48:30,759 It's just not good enough. 932 00:48:30,760 --> 00:48:33,039 In fact, it's actively bad. 933 00:48:33,040 --> 00:48:36,199 Van Gogh's life, and by extension, our world, 934 00:48:36,200 --> 00:48:39,080 would've been improved if he'd never painted anything, 935 00:48:39,560 --> 00:48:42,120 not even a bog door in a home for the blind. 936 00:48:42,720 --> 00:48:45,280 Anyway, that's my view. What do you think? 937 00:48:49,760 --> 00:48:52,480 Of course, most people aren't miserable like Van Gogh. 938 00:48:53,040 --> 00:48:54,760 They're miserable like themselves. 939 00:48:58,080 --> 00:49:02,279 They simply don't have time to channel their pain into artistic expression 940 00:49:02,280 --> 00:49:04,039 'cause they're too busy working. 941 00:49:04,040 --> 00:49:07,520 And work is something we all learn to barely tolerate. 942 00:49:08,440 --> 00:49:11,319 Ever since the earliest caveman went to work for the first cunt, 943 00:49:11,320 --> 00:49:15,240 people have hated their jobs, partly 'cause those jobs were awful. 944 00:49:16,320 --> 00:49:19,079 For centuries, most jobs involved manual labor 945 00:49:19,080 --> 00:49:20,719 like lugging heavy coal around 946 00:49:20,720 --> 00:49:23,800 and tilling the fields while someone sketched you for posterity. 947 00:49:24,600 --> 00:49:26,319 But as our world gets more modern 948 00:49:26,320 --> 00:49:28,879 and full of all plastic and metal and stuff, 949 00:49:28,880 --> 00:49:30,999 the nature of work has changed. 950 00:49:31,000 --> 00:49:33,119 Now jobs are even worse, 951 00:49:33,120 --> 00:49:36,640 which contributes to an ever-growing sense of hopelessness. 952 00:49:37,200 --> 00:49:39,959 Humans have to work a lot, don't they? 953 00:49:39,960 --> 00:49:42,360 Can work ever be truly rewarding? 954 00:49:43,960 --> 00:49:45,040 Yeah, I think so. 955 00:49:47,200 --> 00:49:48,520 What, even for him? 956 00:49:49,760 --> 00:49:51,919 All he does is hold a stick all day. 957 00:49:51,920 --> 00:49:55,319 There's no way that's rewarding or meaningful. 958 00:49:55,320 --> 00:49:56,640 There's no skill involved. 959 00:49:57,960 --> 00:49:59,919 We wouldn't even need a machine to replace him. 960 00:49:59,920 --> 00:50:01,880 Just a bracket and a stand would do. 961 00:50:02,520 --> 00:50:04,679 Can't be fulfilling in the slightest. 962 00:50:04,680 --> 00:50:07,880 He holds that stick more than he holds his loved ones. 963 00:50:08,800 --> 00:50:10,839 If you think of the things he's missed out on 964 00:50:10,840 --> 00:50:13,280 just holding that fucking stick like a slave. 965 00:50:14,520 --> 00:50:16,320 You don't get that time back, you know. 966 00:50:18,160 --> 00:50:19,240 Wasted his life. 967 00:50:21,800 --> 00:50:24,640 {\an8}[gloomy music playing] 968 00:50:25,720 --> 00:50:27,320 [Philomena] Very echoey in here, isn't it? 969 00:50:28,160 --> 00:50:29,440 Phil would've hated that. 970 00:50:30,280 --> 00:50:31,200 Wouldn't he, Ian? 971 00:50:34,640 --> 00:50:35,880 You're next. 972 00:50:36,840 --> 00:50:38,800 Can we have a minute for atmos, please? 973 00:50:43,080 --> 00:50:45,759 Life itself can sometimes feel like a horrible burden 974 00:50:45,760 --> 00:50:47,839 from which there is no escape. 975 00:50:47,840 --> 00:50:49,919 But luckily, help is at hand. 976 00:50:49,920 --> 00:50:53,359 That's why I've come to leading streaming platform Streamberry 977 00:50:53,360 --> 00:50:57,320 to see how they help distract viewers from the bottomless misery of existence. 978 00:50:57,800 --> 00:50:59,800 [funky music playing] 979 00:51:00,560 --> 00:51:03,599 Here at Streamberry, we're passionate about providing our users 980 00:51:03,600 --> 00:51:07,799 {\an8}with entertainment that speaks to them on a personal level about their needs. 981 00:51:07,800 --> 00:51:10,800 Not just as a consumer, but as a mammal. 982 00:51:11,640 --> 00:51:15,079 We monitor our viewers' emotional state at all times, 983 00:51:15,080 --> 00:51:17,159 and we've discovered most of them are locked 984 00:51:17,160 --> 00:51:19,680 in a state of existential helplessness. 985 00:51:20,280 --> 00:51:22,679 And I imagine you want to fix that? 986 00:51:22,680 --> 00:51:25,559 Yes, that's why we launched a suite of programming 987 00:51:25,560 --> 00:51:28,199 aimed at viewers who've given up all hope, 988 00:51:28,200 --> 00:51:30,120 which is 116% of them. 989 00:51:30,720 --> 00:51:33,159 These shows are grouped together into genre brackets 990 00:51:33,160 --> 00:51:38,159 that help despairing viewers locate content that really speaks to their mood. 991 00:51:38,160 --> 00:51:39,759 We're currently seeing maximum growth 992 00:51:39,760 --> 00:51:42,240 in a category called "Standing On a Ledge Right Now." 993 00:51:42,840 --> 00:51:43,719 And what's that? 994 00:51:43,720 --> 00:51:47,479 That's programming aimed at viewers standing on a ledge right now. 995 00:51:47,480 --> 00:51:49,240 Usually watching on their phone. 996 00:51:49,880 --> 00:51:54,040 Naturally, we don't want them to jump. That would negatively affect engagement. 997 00:51:54,720 --> 00:51:58,159 And what about the little ones? Is there anything for them? 998 00:51:58,160 --> 00:52:02,120 Yes, actually, one of our newest releases is a show aimed at kids 999 00:52:02,680 --> 00:52:03,639 standing on ledges. 1000 00:52:03,640 --> 00:52:07,760 Wow! And I think we've got an exclusive preview of that right now. 1001 00:52:19,320 --> 00:52:20,879 Hey, mister! Don't jump! 1002 00:52:20,880 --> 00:52:22,119 Why not? 1003 00:52:22,120 --> 00:52:23,039 Well... 1004 00:52:23,040 --> 00:52:24,999 [comical music playing] 1005 00:52:25,000 --> 00:52:28,439 ♪ Sometimes we all feel Like life's lost its meaning ♪ 1006 00:52:28,440 --> 00:52:31,239 ♪ But jump and that sidewalk Will need careful cleaning ♪ 1007 00:52:31,240 --> 00:52:34,159 ♪ And more to the point You just wouldn't survive ♪ 1008 00:52:34,160 --> 00:52:37,679 ♪ Let me list you some reasons For staying alive ♪ 1009 00:52:37,680 --> 00:52:39,280 Uh, okay. 1010 00:52:39,920 --> 00:52:43,079 ♪ You'd miss out on nature In all of its wonder ♪ 1011 00:52:43,080 --> 00:52:46,039 ♪ Like puppies and kittens And sunshine and thunder ♪ 1012 00:52:46,040 --> 00:52:49,519 ♪ Your parents would miss you In sorrow, they'd drown ♪ 1013 00:52:49,520 --> 00:52:52,679 ♪ If you plunged from that ledge And went splat on the ground ♪ 1014 00:52:52,680 --> 00:52:54,120 Uh-huh. 1015 00:52:54,840 --> 00:52:57,519 ♪ Jumping's so final ♪ 1016 00:52:57,520 --> 00:53:00,160 ♪ No chance of revision ♪ 1017 00:53:00,920 --> 00:53:05,199 ♪ Most people who do jump Regret their decision ♪ 1018 00:53:05,200 --> 00:53:07,079 [falling person] Ahh, he's right! 1019 00:53:07,080 --> 00:53:10,200 ♪ To leave a great legacy ♪ 1020 00:53:10,800 --> 00:53:12,959 ♪ Stay in the game ♪ 1021 00:53:12,960 --> 00:53:15,720 ♪ It sure beats just leaving a dent ♪ 1022 00:53:16,400 --> 00:53:18,199 ♪ And a stain ♪ [groans] 1023 00:53:18,200 --> 00:53:19,400 Oh, okay. 1024 00:53:20,320 --> 00:53:22,039 - ♪ You've convinced me ♪ - ♪ Yay ♪ 1025 00:53:22,040 --> 00:53:23,239 ♪ Life is worth it ♪ 1026 00:53:23,240 --> 00:53:25,999 ♪ I don't wanna die ♪ 1027 00:53:26,000 --> 00:53:28,919 ♪ Be careful returning You don't wanna slip ♪ 1028 00:53:28,920 --> 00:53:30,519 - Oh! - Uh-oh. 1029 00:53:30,520 --> 00:53:33,280 ♪ Oh well, it's too late Bye-bye ♪ 1030 00:53:35,640 --> 00:53:36,599 Hm. 1031 00:53:36,600 --> 00:53:39,399 - [sirens approaching] - [child humming] 1032 00:53:39,400 --> 00:53:42,319 Well, thanks, Jacqui. That was really enlightening, 1033 00:53:42,320 --> 00:53:44,559 and Streamberry seems fantastic. 1034 00:53:44,560 --> 00:53:45,999 - Thank you. - Thank you. 1035 00:53:46,000 --> 00:53:46,920 Great. 1036 00:53:47,440 --> 00:53:49,000 - Brilliant. - Thank you. 1037 00:53:50,240 --> 00:53:51,080 Yeah. 1038 00:53:52,200 --> 00:53:54,039 [upbeat music playing] 1039 00:53:54,040 --> 00:53:55,519 [Philomena] Still to come... 1040 00:53:55,520 --> 00:53:58,319 {\an8}Will computers recode the meaning of life? 1041 00:53:58,320 --> 00:54:02,040 {\an8}Will we ever be able to upload our souls to a computer? 1042 00:54:02,880 --> 00:54:04,759 {\an8}I take a closer look at cloning. 1043 00:54:04,760 --> 00:54:06,720 {\an8}If you clone twins, 1044 00:54:07,280 --> 00:54:11,799 {\an8}do you get two copies of one of them, or one copy of both of them? 1045 00:54:11,800 --> 00:54:15,439 {\an8}Brian Cox gives a scientific view of the firmament. 1046 00:54:15,440 --> 00:54:18,679 {\an8}Isn't it a waste of energy leaving the stars on at night? 1047 00:54:18,680 --> 00:54:19,600 {\an8}No. 1048 00:54:20,080 --> 00:54:24,480 {\an8}[Philomena] But first, time to contemplate our fate in a pitiless, godless universe. 1049 00:54:26,080 --> 00:54:29,319 With God dead and existential despair all the rage, 1050 00:54:29,320 --> 00:54:32,600 it seemed humankind was all alone in the universe. 1051 00:54:33,720 --> 00:54:35,359 We were back to square one, 1052 00:54:35,360 --> 00:54:38,559 staring up at the night sky and wondering how it got there. 1053 00:54:38,560 --> 00:54:42,760 To find out, we'd have to reopen the biggest cold case of all time. 1054 00:54:44,680 --> 00:54:48,360 [dramatic music playing] 1055 00:54:49,000 --> 00:54:52,399 The Bible had claimed the universe was God's creation. 1056 00:54:52,400 --> 00:54:54,439 But now we knew that that was a lie, 1057 00:54:54,440 --> 00:54:57,360 we'd have to come up with a new implausible theory. 1058 00:54:59,360 --> 00:55:02,239 It's October 5th, 1923. 1059 00:55:02,240 --> 00:55:07,040 An astronomer, Edwin Hubble, is about to make an incredible discovery. 1060 00:55:08,680 --> 00:55:11,639 Peering through his telescope, he becomes the first human 1061 00:55:11,640 --> 00:55:15,440 to observe a Cepheid variable star in a galaxy beyond our own. 1062 00:55:17,280 --> 00:55:19,439 Hubble raced home to tell his wife, Grace, 1063 00:55:19,440 --> 00:55:22,080 who had loyally supported him throughout his career. 1064 00:55:22,600 --> 00:55:26,279 "I've done it!" he cried. But in his voice instead of mine. 1065 00:55:26,280 --> 00:55:29,439 "I've fundamentally altered our concept of the universe." 1066 00:55:29,440 --> 00:55:32,399 "Oh, darling, that's wonderful," she replied. 1067 00:55:32,400 --> 00:55:35,240 Her eyes shone with pride, and they embraced. 1068 00:55:36,360 --> 00:55:40,359 As they kissed hungrily, their excitement gave way to passion, 1069 00:55:40,360 --> 00:55:43,759 and they moved to the bedroom, hurriedly shedding their clothes. 1070 00:55:43,760 --> 00:55:45,840 [both breathing heavily] 1071 00:55:46,920 --> 00:55:48,280 Flesh pressed on flesh 1072 00:55:50,880 --> 00:55:54,200 as they explored each other's bodies with carnal abandon. 1073 00:55:55,520 --> 00:55:59,079 Together, they steadily built towards a crescendo of ecstasy, 1074 00:55:59,080 --> 00:56:01,479 their faces contorting with bliss. 1075 00:56:01,480 --> 00:56:03,560 [both moaning] 1076 00:56:17,400 --> 00:56:18,840 [moans loudly] 1077 00:56:19,560 --> 00:56:22,640 And a mutual orgasm shuddered through their bodies. 1078 00:56:26,360 --> 00:56:28,520 There they lay, quietly entwined, 1079 00:56:29,000 --> 00:56:32,880 exhausted yet resplendent in the warm afterglow of their union. 1080 00:56:34,160 --> 00:56:36,680 Then Hubble mopped up the damp patch with his vest. 1081 00:56:39,120 --> 00:56:42,199 Hubble's discovery paved the way for a groundbreaking theory 1082 00:56:42,200 --> 00:56:44,560 about how our universe was formed, 1083 00:56:45,280 --> 00:56:48,519 a theory that still excites nerds to this day. 1084 00:56:48,520 --> 00:56:52,200 Why do people say the universe came out of a big bag? 1085 00:56:53,440 --> 00:56:54,880 I think you mean Big Bang. 1086 00:56:55,480 --> 00:56:56,999 A big bag that went bang? 1087 00:56:57,000 --> 00:56:59,279 No, no. Just a Big Bang, no bag. 1088 00:56:59,280 --> 00:57:03,920 Has anyone ever claimed responsibility for the Big Bang? 1089 00:57:05,800 --> 00:57:06,680 It just happened. 1090 00:57:07,280 --> 00:57:09,160 So we're no nearer finding a culprit. 1091 00:57:11,000 --> 00:57:12,679 The Big Bang is a theory, 1092 00:57:12,680 --> 00:57:15,599 and like all theories, no one understands it. 1093 00:57:15,600 --> 00:57:19,760 If they come too close to working it out, they're assassinated by the CIA. 1094 00:57:20,560 --> 00:57:21,799 But if it did happen, 1095 00:57:21,800 --> 00:57:24,600 the Big Bang filled the universe with matter. 1096 00:57:25,600 --> 00:57:26,600 This is an atom. 1097 00:57:27,080 --> 00:57:29,719 It's so tiny, you probably can't see it, 1098 00:57:29,720 --> 00:57:31,559 even if you're watching in 4K. 1099 00:57:31,560 --> 00:57:33,559 In fact, it's so small, 1100 00:57:33,560 --> 00:57:36,160 chances are I dropped it before we started filming. 1101 00:57:36,760 --> 00:57:40,919 You, me, and everything around us is made from these, 1102 00:57:40,920 --> 00:57:43,320 apart from this coat, which is 100% cashmere. 1103 00:57:44,360 --> 00:57:46,759 What's the point of atoms? 1104 00:57:46,760 --> 00:57:49,599 Do we really need them, or could we just do without? 1105 00:57:49,600 --> 00:57:52,799 We do really need them because we are made of atoms. 1106 00:57:52,800 --> 00:57:57,119 Everything in the world is made of atoms so without them, we wouldn't be here. 1107 00:57:57,120 --> 00:57:59,040 Are eyes made of atoms? 1108 00:57:59,600 --> 00:58:00,439 Yes. 1109 00:58:00,440 --> 00:58:02,760 'Cause my mate Paul did ketamine once, 1110 00:58:03,480 --> 00:58:06,760 and he said he started counting all the atoms in his eyes. 1111 00:58:07,400 --> 00:58:10,199 Then he tried to eat a towel and ended up in hospital. 1112 00:58:10,200 --> 00:58:11,519 Okay. 1113 00:58:11,520 --> 00:58:13,760 - Are my feet made of atoms? - Yes. 1114 00:58:14,920 --> 00:58:17,640 I mean, I could save you the bother by... 1115 00:58:18,320 --> 00:58:21,440 Everything you say, all stuff is made of atoms. 1116 00:58:22,160 --> 00:58:23,919 Are thoughts made of atoms? 1117 00:58:23,920 --> 00:58:25,719 Well, no, thoughts are-- 1118 00:58:25,720 --> 00:58:27,399 - Well, there you go then. - Okay. 1119 00:58:27,400 --> 00:58:28,600 But thoughts... Okay. 1120 00:58:29,920 --> 00:58:32,079 [Philomena] You might think nothing's smaller than atoms, 1121 00:58:32,080 --> 00:58:33,679 but as usual, you'd be wrong. 1122 00:58:33,680 --> 00:58:38,679 Incredibly, atoms themselves are made of even smaller subatomic particles. 1123 00:58:38,680 --> 00:58:42,119 Scientists have spent literally decades attempting to explain 1124 00:58:42,120 --> 00:58:43,879 why these are interesting 1125 00:58:43,880 --> 00:58:45,400 to no avail. 1126 00:58:46,040 --> 00:58:49,119 Perhaps that's why, deep underground near Geneva, 1127 00:58:49,120 --> 00:58:52,640 they built a gigantic machine called the Large Hadron Colly-der. 1128 00:58:53,120 --> 00:58:55,679 It smashes subatomic particles together, 1129 00:58:55,680 --> 00:58:58,599 recreating the conditions of the Big Bang. 1130 00:58:58,600 --> 00:59:00,840 And I'm actually walking into it now, 1131 00:59:01,320 --> 00:59:02,560 wearing a hard hat 1132 00:59:03,120 --> 00:59:05,000 in case a proton falls on me. 1133 00:59:05,800 --> 00:59:09,359 So, this is... this is the actual Large Hadron colander. 1134 00:59:09,360 --> 00:59:11,799 {\an8}So am I right in thinking that this might prove 1135 00:59:11,800 --> 00:59:14,399 the existence of chakras within the human body? 1136 00:59:14,400 --> 00:59:15,640 No. 1137 00:59:16,320 --> 00:59:18,279 You're not interested in chakras? 1138 00:59:18,280 --> 00:59:21,439 No. In the same way I'm not interested in ghosts. 1139 00:59:21,440 --> 00:59:25,239 But my aunt Carol, she can sense chakras in someone's body, 1140 00:59:25,240 --> 00:59:27,200 and she doesn't need any machines. 1141 00:59:27,960 --> 00:59:30,919 - Um, this could explode at any minute. - No. 1142 00:59:30,920 --> 00:59:33,640 How fast do the protons in this thing go? 1143 00:59:34,360 --> 00:59:37,999 99.999999% the speed of light. 1144 00:59:38,000 --> 00:59:41,000 - Your sense of smell is faster, isn't it? - No. 1145 00:59:41,800 --> 00:59:45,959 How come that when someone's frying bacon and you walk in the kitchen, 1146 00:59:45,960 --> 00:59:48,599 you can smell it straight away before you've even seen it? 1147 00:59:48,600 --> 00:59:51,280 Have you ever tried putting bacon in here? 1148 00:59:53,440 --> 00:59:54,919 - No. - Yeah, you should try it. 1149 00:59:54,920 --> 00:59:56,319 You might make quantum bacon. 1150 00:59:56,320 --> 00:59:59,119 - Would that make it more interesting? - A little bit. 1151 00:59:59,120 --> 01:00:01,999 Why would it be more interesting? 'Cause what it's-- 1152 01:00:02,000 --> 01:00:04,599 I'm desperately... I'm trying to help you out here. 1153 01:00:04,600 --> 01:00:08,799 I'm trying to make it even slightly more interesting than it is. 1154 01:00:08,800 --> 01:00:13,679 But what it did was it detected a thing called a Higgs particle. 1155 01:00:13,680 --> 01:00:15,799 Without the Higgs particle, 1156 01:00:15,800 --> 01:00:20,039 you, me, and everything else that we know of in the universe, 1157 01:00:20,040 --> 01:00:22,199 - none of those things would exist. - Right. 1158 01:00:22,200 --> 01:00:27,439 In 2012, the megaboffins at CERN discovered something incredible, 1159 01:00:27,440 --> 01:00:28,800 the Higgs bosom. 1160 01:00:29,720 --> 01:00:34,039 Because of its significance in explaining how our universe was made, 1161 01:00:34,040 --> 01:00:37,400 the Higgs bosom is sometimes referred to as the God Particle. 1162 01:00:37,880 --> 01:00:40,479 But it could also be called the Allah Particle 1163 01:00:40,480 --> 01:00:42,760 because we can't show you any pictures of it. 1164 01:00:43,960 --> 01:00:46,919 No less an authority than the man I just spoke to 1165 01:00:46,920 --> 01:00:49,319 claimed it was the biggest scientific discovery 1166 01:00:49,320 --> 01:00:51,079 in his lifetime. 1167 01:00:51,080 --> 01:00:54,119 {\an8}I think this is the biggest scientific discovery in my lifetime. 1168 01:00:54,120 --> 01:00:57,679 [Philomena] And it stood with the great scientific discoveries of all time. 1169 01:00:57,680 --> 01:01:02,120 And it stands with the great scientific discoveries of all time. 1170 01:01:02,720 --> 01:01:05,080 Can the Higgs boson rewind time? 1171 01:01:05,680 --> 01:01:06,520 No. 1172 01:01:07,920 --> 01:01:09,760 Can it tell when an earthquake's gonna go off? 1173 01:01:10,360 --> 01:01:11,200 No. 1174 01:01:11,680 --> 01:01:14,200 - Can it make food spicier? - It's just a particle. 1175 01:01:15,200 --> 01:01:19,960 It's like saying, "Can an electron tell when an earthquake's gonna go off?" 1176 01:01:20,960 --> 01:01:22,080 - Can it? - No. 1177 01:01:22,680 --> 01:01:26,319 Subatomic particles, the tiniest things in existence, 1178 01:01:26,320 --> 01:01:30,199 can simultaneously exist in two different states at once. 1179 01:01:30,200 --> 01:01:33,800 Just like Liam Hemsworth, who's sexy and boring. 1180 01:01:34,520 --> 01:01:38,679 In other words, science moves in mysterious ways just like God does, 1181 01:01:38,680 --> 01:01:39,679 which was awkward 1182 01:01:39,680 --> 01:01:42,200 because scientists had decided God didn't exist. 1183 01:01:43,120 --> 01:01:46,239 So they invented a whole new kind of science, 1184 01:01:46,240 --> 01:01:49,240 the science of things that don't make scientific sense. 1185 01:01:49,760 --> 01:01:52,960 And to make it sound official, they gave it a clever name. 1186 01:01:53,480 --> 01:01:55,199 What is Quantum McPhysics? 1187 01:01:55,200 --> 01:01:57,479 Quantum physics is... 1188 01:01:57,480 --> 01:02:01,000 So quantum mechanics is our best theory of how the world works. 1189 01:02:01,520 --> 01:02:03,880 It describes everything that we've observed 1190 01:02:04,400 --> 01:02:05,719 other than gravity. 1191 01:02:05,720 --> 01:02:08,040 Do mirrors run on quantum physics? 1192 01:02:09,440 --> 01:02:10,920 - Run? - Yeah. 1193 01:02:12,320 --> 01:02:13,279 As in...? 1194 01:02:13,280 --> 01:02:16,680 According to quantum physics, mirrors shouldn't work. They're a miracle. 1195 01:02:17,200 --> 01:02:19,040 That's not correct. 1196 01:02:19,680 --> 01:02:22,839 Quantum theorionics proves there's infinite multiverses, 1197 01:02:22,840 --> 01:02:24,520 like in Marvel films, doesn't it? 1198 01:02:25,160 --> 01:02:27,199 That's one interpretation of the theory. 1199 01:02:27,200 --> 01:02:29,560 How many infinite multiverses are there? 1200 01:02:30,440 --> 01:02:33,079 If there were an infinite number of multiverses, 1201 01:02:33,080 --> 01:02:35,559 then the number of multiverses would be infinite. 1202 01:02:35,560 --> 01:02:39,600 See, I think there's two. Ours and the one in mirrors. 1203 01:02:41,880 --> 01:02:44,759 Mirrors are windows into other universes, aren't they? 1204 01:02:44,760 --> 01:02:45,679 No. 1205 01:02:45,680 --> 01:02:48,559 My mate Paul says they run on quantum power 1206 01:02:48,560 --> 01:02:51,399 and that's why you can see into an alternative dimension 1207 01:02:51,400 --> 01:02:54,359 in which everything's the same as our realm but backwards. 1208 01:02:54,360 --> 01:02:55,600 What does Paul do? 1209 01:02:56,200 --> 01:03:00,439 Well, he worked in a tennis ball factory where he had to catch tennis balls. 1210 01:03:00,440 --> 01:03:02,800 But he was fired from that, and now he's unemployed. 1211 01:03:07,880 --> 01:03:09,400 Sorry, am I wasting your time? 1212 01:03:10,240 --> 01:03:11,080 Yeah. 1213 01:03:13,160 --> 01:03:15,159 [Philomena] By the end of the 20th century, 1214 01:03:15,160 --> 01:03:17,559 science had tried to outdo religion 1215 01:03:17,560 --> 01:03:21,160 by explaining creation, unpicking the fabric of existence, 1216 01:03:21,760 --> 01:03:23,719 and discovering the God particle. 1217 01:03:23,720 --> 01:03:25,319 For its next trick, 1218 01:03:25,320 --> 01:03:27,520 it tried to emulate God himself 1219 01:03:28,200 --> 01:03:29,640 by creating life. 1220 01:03:30,120 --> 01:03:32,799 The first ever thing to be cloned was Dolly the sheep, 1221 01:03:32,800 --> 01:03:34,919 daughter of Dolly, the other sheep. 1222 01:03:34,920 --> 01:03:37,319 Dolly became the most famous sheep in history, 1223 01:03:37,320 --> 01:03:39,600 although to be fair, that's a low baa. 1224 01:03:40,080 --> 01:03:42,679 Of course, cloning raises awkward questions 1225 01:03:42,680 --> 01:03:44,520 about our sense of identity. 1226 01:03:45,560 --> 01:03:48,399 If I get copied, am I still unique? 1227 01:03:48,400 --> 01:03:52,600 Or is the clone me more unique because it's a clone, which is cooler? 1228 01:03:53,160 --> 01:03:55,599 What makes me me and you you 1229 01:03:55,600 --> 01:03:57,560 and us us and we we? 1230 01:03:58,880 --> 01:04:01,159 But rather than being replaced by clones, 1231 01:04:01,160 --> 01:04:06,079 it's more likely we'll be replaced by something else we created, computers, 1232 01:04:06,080 --> 01:04:10,320 which are becoming so clever, they might one day outsmart their masters. 1233 01:04:11,400 --> 01:04:14,400 Will a computer ever be clever enough to play chess? 1234 01:04:15,400 --> 01:04:17,680 Computers are already clever enough to play chess. 1235 01:04:18,280 --> 01:04:20,559 Really? This is chess we're talking about? 1236 01:04:20,560 --> 01:04:25,479 Yes. Years ago, computers overtook human beings at chess. 1237 01:04:25,480 --> 01:04:28,919 But do they know what all the pieces do? Even the little horse ones? 1238 01:04:28,920 --> 01:04:29,840 Yes. 1239 01:04:30,560 --> 01:04:33,079 But the horse ones move in random directions, don't they? 1240 01:04:33,080 --> 01:04:36,600 - There's no pattern to it. - No, there is. They just move... 1241 01:04:37,120 --> 01:04:39,799 two in one direction and one in the other, so... 1242 01:04:39,800 --> 01:04:42,400 Oh, right. Did the computers work that out for us? 1243 01:04:43,120 --> 01:04:45,079 Not content with playing chess, 1244 01:04:45,080 --> 01:04:48,559 computers are getting better at emulating other more human, 1245 01:04:48,560 --> 01:04:50,160 less chess-like pursuits. 1246 01:04:50,800 --> 01:04:54,679 One of the first examples of AI was a piece of software called ELIZA, 1247 01:04:54,680 --> 01:04:56,239 which stands for something. 1248 01:04:56,240 --> 01:04:58,959 ELIZA simulated a psychiatrist. 1249 01:04:58,960 --> 01:05:02,199 It would ask you how you were feeling and respond to your reply. 1250 01:05:02,200 --> 01:05:03,319 But it was basic. 1251 01:05:03,320 --> 01:05:05,559 It couldn't do everything a psychiatrist can do. 1252 01:05:05,560 --> 01:05:07,999 It couldn't walk round the desk or overcharge you, 1253 01:05:08,000 --> 01:05:10,959 start an affair with its secretary, cook an omelet, or go... 1254 01:05:10,960 --> 01:05:13,040 [burbling] 1255 01:05:35,440 --> 01:05:40,079 Today, AI is everywhere and all around us, in our homes and in our hands 1256 01:05:40,080 --> 01:05:42,879 - with digital assistants like Siri... - [Siri] Hi there. 1257 01:05:42,880 --> 01:05:45,439 ...Alexa and that Google one no one remembers. 1258 01:05:45,440 --> 01:05:47,839 Seriously, it might as well be called Cuthbert. 1259 01:05:47,840 --> 01:05:49,759 But when people talk about AI, 1260 01:05:49,760 --> 01:05:53,120 most of them are thinking about generative AI chatbots like this, 1261 01:05:53,720 --> 01:05:56,559 ChatGPT, which is so good at mimicking humans, 1262 01:05:56,560 --> 01:05:58,759 we might as well fucking kill ourselves. 1263 01:05:58,760 --> 01:06:00,720 Or at least, that's what it just told me. 1264 01:06:01,800 --> 01:06:03,840 People worry a lot about AI. 1265 01:06:04,640 --> 01:06:05,720 What about you? 1266 01:06:07,960 --> 01:06:10,519 You mean am I worried about...? 1267 01:06:10,520 --> 01:06:12,960 No, I mean, should they worry about you? 1268 01:06:14,320 --> 01:06:16,719 N... I hope not. I hope not. 1269 01:06:16,720 --> 01:06:20,119 I mean, I'm... People are worried about artificial intelligence 1270 01:06:20,120 --> 01:06:24,119 because they think maybe one day it'll replace us human beings. 1271 01:06:24,120 --> 01:06:26,479 I'm a human being. Why should they be worried about me? 1272 01:06:26,480 --> 01:06:28,360 No, the letter "U." 1273 01:06:29,800 --> 01:06:32,639 They're all vowels, aren't they? A, I, U. 1274 01:06:32,640 --> 01:06:35,080 What does the "U" in AI stand for? 1275 01:06:36,000 --> 01:06:38,599 Th... There isn't a "U" in AI. 1276 01:06:38,600 --> 01:06:41,120 So, it's a secret then? The computer's hidden it? 1277 01:06:42,040 --> 01:06:45,400 I'm more than machine or man, 1278 01:06:46,120 --> 01:06:48,920 more than a fusion of the two. 1279 01:06:49,560 --> 01:06:51,759 [Philomena] Us humans aren't about to be slaughtered 1280 01:06:51,760 --> 01:06:54,080 by the nightmarish robots of science fiction. 1281 01:06:54,680 --> 01:06:58,840 We're about to be slaughtered by the nightmarish robots of real life. 1282 01:07:00,040 --> 01:07:03,959 Now as humans stand on a precipice at the edge of a cliff face, 1283 01:07:03,960 --> 01:07:05,679 peering into a bottomless abyss 1284 01:07:05,680 --> 01:07:08,079 and wondering if there's a void underneath it, 1285 01:07:08,080 --> 01:07:11,479 the question of life's purpose seems more urgent than ever. 1286 01:07:11,480 --> 01:07:13,360 And even experts are confused. 1287 01:07:14,320 --> 01:07:17,400 Is there a point to human existence? 1288 01:07:18,240 --> 01:07:20,919 And if there is, what is it? 1289 01:07:20,920 --> 01:07:23,559 When you're answering, bear in mind that if it's too long, 1290 01:07:23,560 --> 01:07:26,999 we have to overlay funny pet videos over part of the screen 1291 01:07:27,000 --> 01:07:28,600 so viewers don't get bored. 1292 01:07:29,360 --> 01:07:33,760 Well, we want our lives to have meaning. 1293 01:07:34,840 --> 01:07:36,320 And the question is, 1294 01:07:37,320 --> 01:07:41,840 is that meaning something that we construct, 1295 01:07:43,000 --> 01:07:46,160 which is what the German philosopher Nietzsche would say, 1296 01:07:46,880 --> 01:07:50,680 or is meaning something that we discover in the world? 1297 01:07:51,920 --> 01:07:54,920 Maybe that meaning is generated by God, 1298 01:07:55,400 --> 01:08:00,800 or maybe that meaning just happens to be part of the fabric of the universe. 1299 01:08:02,440 --> 01:08:04,840 Why are poos tapered at the end? 1300 01:08:05,520 --> 01:08:07,879 Are they that shape when they're inside us, 1301 01:08:07,880 --> 01:08:10,960 or do our bums mold them into that shape? 1302 01:08:13,040 --> 01:08:14,960 Sorry, that's for the poo expert. 1303 01:08:15,640 --> 01:08:18,719 Although, you're here, so do you fancy answering it or...? 1304 01:08:18,720 --> 01:08:21,119 I don't think I know enough about human biology 1305 01:08:21,120 --> 01:08:22,959 to give you an accurate answer. 1306 01:08:22,960 --> 01:08:24,080 Fair enough. Yeah. 1307 01:08:25,200 --> 01:08:29,279 Throughout this landmark epic, which you have definitely enjoyed, 1308 01:08:29,280 --> 01:08:31,959 my quest for meaning has taken me around the world 1309 01:08:31,960 --> 01:08:36,799 and into several buildings, down stairs, and at one point, onto a bouncy castle. 1310 01:08:36,800 --> 01:08:40,479 From religious ecstasy to nihilistic defecation, 1311 01:08:40,480 --> 01:08:42,319 from great works of literature 1312 01:08:42,320 --> 01:08:44,479 to that awful fucking painting, 1313 01:08:44,480 --> 01:08:47,400 humankind's quest for meaning has never let up. 1314 01:08:48,160 --> 01:08:50,199 And now my work here is done. 1315 01:08:50,200 --> 01:08:52,519 I hope you found it illuminating. 1316 01:08:52,520 --> 01:08:56,039 Now it's time for me to find out the meaning of life in other worlds. 1317 01:08:56,040 --> 01:08:57,119 Goodbye. 1318 01:08:57,120 --> 01:08:59,600 [whooshing] 1319 01:09:01,520 --> 01:09:04,759 [soft music playing] 1320 01:09:04,760 --> 01:09:09,159 Do authors sign their books at the end like when you write a letter? 1321 01:09:09,160 --> 01:09:15,040 Like "That's Crime and Punishment. The End. Yours sincerely, Dostoevsky." 1322 01:09:17,160 --> 01:09:18,480 Seldom, I think. 1323 01:09:19,440 --> 01:09:23,679 Why does the human eye have a nerve connecting it directly to the anus? 1324 01:09:23,680 --> 01:09:24,599 It doesn't. 1325 01:09:24,600 --> 01:09:27,920 It does because when you pick your bum, you sort of go like that. 1326 01:09:29,760 --> 01:09:32,160 When the penis goes into a lady, 1327 01:09:32,760 --> 01:09:35,439 why does it keep backing out and going back in? 1328 01:09:35,440 --> 01:09:38,359 Can't it just go in, get it done, and leave? 1329 01:09:38,360 --> 01:09:41,480 Were our souls created during the Big Bang? 1330 01:09:42,080 --> 01:09:43,959 Depends what you mean by "our souls." 1331 01:09:43,960 --> 01:09:46,080 You know what I mean by "our souls." 1332 01:09:46,680 --> 01:09:48,919 It's a shame they only make semen, isn't it? 1333 01:09:48,920 --> 01:09:50,479 If they made tomato soup, 1334 01:09:50,480 --> 01:09:53,080 you could share a nice mug of it in bed afterwards. 1335 01:09:54,200 --> 01:09:57,480 Is it harder to enter the kingdom of heaven since Brexit? 1336 01:09:59,520 --> 01:10:03,319 I don't think Brexit has anything to do with the kingdom of heaven 1337 01:10:03,320 --> 01:10:04,839 or hell for that matter. 1338 01:10:04,840 --> 01:10:08,079 My mate Paul says if you look in a mirror for about an hour, 1339 01:10:08,080 --> 01:10:12,359 it's possible to trick your consciousness into thinking it's inside the other you, 1340 01:10:12,360 --> 01:10:16,040 and then you can run off before it can jump back out and get you. 1341 01:10:16,920 --> 01:10:20,559 He said he managed it once, but a second after he started running, 1342 01:10:20,560 --> 01:10:22,839 he caught his balls on a door handle 1343 01:10:22,840 --> 01:10:25,079 and ended up rolling around on the floor in agony 1344 01:10:25,080 --> 01:10:28,240 while his consciousness watched him from the mirror, pissing itself. 1345 01:10:29,280 --> 01:10:32,480 I don't think your consciousness can go inside a mirror. 1346 01:10:33,560 --> 01:10:34,760 I do worry about Paul. 1347 01:10:36,600 --> 01:10:39,360 I think he just hasn't found his role in society. 1348 01:10:40,000 --> 01:10:41,560 So you're in the Big Bang gang? 1349 01:10:42,520 --> 01:10:43,439 The Big Bang...? 1350 01:10:43,440 --> 01:10:46,159 - Gang. The Big Bang gang. - The Big Bang gang? 1351 01:10:46,160 --> 01:10:47,479 We're all in the Big Bang gang. 1352 01:10:47,480 --> 01:10:48,599 - Are we? - Yeah. 1353 01:10:48,600 --> 01:10:51,399 Could you say that down that lens there, please? 1354 01:10:51,400 --> 01:10:54,159 I'm in the Big Bang gang. You're in the Big Bang gang. 1355 01:10:54,160 --> 01:10:57,320 - You're in the Big Bang gang. - We're all in the Big Bang gang.