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Downloaded from
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[typewriter clacking]
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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
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[typewriter clacking]
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- [clock ticking]
- [dog barking]
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[static]
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[man 1] The first atomic bomb
heralded the dawn of a troubling new era.
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[somber music plays]
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{\an8}In a single stroke, the Japanese city
of Hiroshima and some 70,000 men,
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{\an8}women, and children were annihilated.
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{\an8}In the years since, that momentous event
has come under increasing scrutiny.
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{\an8}Was the bomb
a price worth paying for pea--
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[man speaking German]
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[bomb explodes]
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{\an8}[Einstein] The physicists who participated
in forging the most formidable
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{\an8}and dangerous weapon of all time
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{\an8}are harassed
by an equal feeling of responsibility,
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{\an8}not to say guilt.
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{\an8}[man 2] Dr. Albert Einstein,
one of the world's greatest scientists.
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{\an8}[man 3] A scientific giant who sometimes
generated political controversy,
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{\an8}as well as brilliant equations.
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{\an8}[man 4]
Called the father of the atomic age,
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{\an8}Einstein's great contribution
to human knowledge
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{\an8}was his theory of relativity.
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{\an8}[man 5] The key to the atom secrets was
first given to the world when the genius,
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{\an8}Albert Einstein, defined the relation
between all matter and energy.
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{\an8}[Einstein] E is equal to MC squared.
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{\an8}Had I known
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{\an8}that the Germans would not succeed
in producing an atomic bomb,
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{\an8}I would not have taken part
in opening that Pandora's box.
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[music fades, ends]
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[crowd cheering]
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[in German] Hail to victory!
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[somber music plays]
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[typewriter clacking]
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[typewriter clacking]
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[music continues]
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[typewriter clacking]
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[typewriter clacking]
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[somber music plays]
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[man in English]
Order! Motion under the ten-minute rule,
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bill to promote and extend
opportunities of citizenship for Jews
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resident outside the British Empire.
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- Commander Locker-Lampson.
- [Locker-Lampson] Thank you, Mr. Speaker.
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I am not personally a Jew,
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but I hope
that I do not require to be a Jew
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to hate tyranny anywhere in the world.
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[crowd chatting indistinctly]
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Germany has selected
the cream of her culture
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and suppressed it.
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She has even turned upon
her most glorious citizen.
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Einstein.
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[music builds]
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The road hog and racketeer of Europe
have plundered his place.
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They've even taken away his violin.
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Today, Einstein is without a home.
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He had to write his name
in a visitor's book in England.
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And when he came to write his address,
he put...
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"Without any."
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[music ends]
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Here we are, Professor.
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Welcome to Roughton Heath.
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[bird caws]
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Isn't it wonderful?
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Let's get you settled in, eh?
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[sheep bleat]
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[sighs]
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[knocking at door]
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I know it's rudimentary
for a man of your importance
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but, under your current circumstances...
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I believe that a simple
and unassuming life
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is best for body and mind.
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Couldn't agree more.
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What I like best is a tent on a heath,
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plain viands, a glass of beer,
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and the sweet communion of... friends.
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[Locker-Lampson laughs]
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For you.
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To replace the one the Hun stole from you.
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I'll let you unpack in peace.
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[crow cawing]
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[Einstein]
The present state of affairs in Germany
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is a state of psychic distemper
in the masses.
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Hitler picked up human flotsam
on the streets and in the taverns
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and organized them around himself.
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The worst outcrop of herd life,
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the military system, which I abhor.
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[man chanting in German]
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German fascism
has been particularly violent
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in its attack upon my Jewish brothers.
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BE CAREFUL. JEWS.
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I AM THE BIGGEST PIG IN TOWN
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Our friends in Germany
need not do anything to protect me.
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In fact, such action
would needlessly endanger them.
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I cannot tell you yet,
whether I shall make England my home.
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[woman] How is he?
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As you'd imagine.
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Poor fellow's lost everything,
his home, his money.
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And now, I hear the Nazis have placed
a price of 20,000 marks on his head.
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I really had no idea
that my head was worth all that.
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I assure you, Professor.
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You're perfectly safe
from the long arm of fascism here.
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Uh, may I introduce Barbara Goodall.
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Hello, Professor.
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[Locker-Lampson] And Margery Howard.
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Hello, Professor.
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Delighted.
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[Locker-Lampson]
These ladies are your bodyguards.
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If any unauthorized person comes near,
believe me, Professor...
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They will most certainly get
a charge or two of buckshot.
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Sorry, Professor,
I know you're not one for bearing arms,
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but really we can't be too careful.
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Hope you understand?
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Marvelous. [claps]
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Keep a close eye out, ladies.
I'm relying on you both.
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[birds cawing]
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[microphone feedback]
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[Hitler in German] A precious possession
in this world, however,
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is one’s own people
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and we want to lead
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and fight for these people.
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And never flag, never tire, never despair.
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[Einstein in English] As long as I have
any choice in the matter...
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[exhales]
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...I shall live only in a country
where civil liberty,
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tolerance, and equality
of all citizens before the law prevail.
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[men talking indistinctly]
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These conditions do not exist
in Germany at the present time.
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This breeding ground of disease
will soon pose a grave danger
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for the rest of the world.
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[in German] We have one aim,
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and we will follow it fanatically
and ruthlessly to the grave.
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[crowd chanting] Hail to victory!
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[Einstein in English] To stay in Germany
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would have been impossible for me
as a pacifist.
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I'm not only a pacifist,
but a militant pacifist.
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I am willing to fight for peace.
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My great friend has invited me here.
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I can live quietly,
working out my mathematical problems.
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All I want is peace,
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and could I have found
a more peaceful retreat
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than here in England?
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No one will know where I am.
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Indeed not! [chuckles]
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Shall we get some pictures?
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[upbeat music plays]
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[man] The Observer diary,
17th September 1933.
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00:10:24,123 --> 00:10:26,751
England is not
a very good place to hide in.
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Dr. Einstein, who has come here
to escape Nazi persecution,
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finds his wooden hut
photographed in the papers
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with full indications of locality,
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and Cromer Council considers
the question of presenting an address.
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Germany, I suppose,
is presumed to be looking the other way.
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[music continues]
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When did you start thinking about time
and space and all those things, Professor?
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[Einstein chuckles]
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[chuckles softly]
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[metal clanging]
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[Einstein] Ah!
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00:11:09,919 --> 00:11:13,005
As a child of four or five,
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my father showed me a compass.
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This experience made
a deep and lasting impression on me.
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00:11:23,933 --> 00:11:28,771
That this needle behaved
in such a determined way.
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Something deeply hidden
had to be behind things.
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When I was four or five,
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I couldn't tie my own shoelaces.
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[all laughing]
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The most beautiful thing we can experience
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is the mysterious.
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[crow cawing]
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I can still remember
my first childish experiments in thinking
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00:12:03,431 --> 00:12:07,351
that had a direct bearing
on the theory of relativity.
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00:12:10,020 --> 00:12:13,566
What if one were to run
after a ray of light?
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00:12:17,194 --> 00:12:19,613
If one were to run fast enough,
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would it no longer move at all?
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[music intensifying]
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[music builds, ends]
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[scoffs]
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00:12:41,260 --> 00:12:44,346
Of course, such a thing is impossible.
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- Your teachers must have loved you.
- [Einstein laughs]
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"You'll never amount to anything,
Einstein."
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00:12:51,353 --> 00:12:55,274
"You're an extremely clever boy,
but you have one great fault."
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"You'll never let yourself
be told anything."
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"Your mere presence spoils
the respect in the class for me."
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00:13:01,489 --> 00:13:02,406
[laughing]
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00:13:02,490 --> 00:13:05,951
The teachers had
the characters of drill sergeants.
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00:13:07,036 --> 00:13:10,164
Mistrust of every kind of authority grew.
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An attitude that has never again left me.
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- [waves crashing]
- [seagulls cawing]
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00:13:21,634 --> 00:13:23,385
It is only men who are free,
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who create the inventions
and intellectual works,
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which make life worthwhile.
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[somber music playing]
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Out yonder there was this huge world,
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which stands before us
like a great, eternal riddle.
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00:13:39,360 --> 00:13:40,361
[camera shutter clicking]
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I became convinced
that nature could be understood
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as a relatively simple
mathematical structure.
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A storm broke loose in my mind.
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00:14:02,216 --> 00:14:04,593
[man]
Einstein's great theory of relativity.
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00:14:05,094 --> 00:14:07,930
Two towers flash signals at the same time
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00:14:08,013 --> 00:14:10,182
to a balloonist
and to a man on the ground.
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00:14:11,183 --> 00:14:15,187
The observer on the ground says
the signals were given from both towers
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00:14:15,271 --> 00:14:16,730
at the same time.
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00:14:19,191 --> 00:14:21,986
{\an8}Light rays from both towers
are the same length.
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00:14:24,446 --> 00:14:29,243
But the motion of the balloonist means
one signal takes more time to reach him
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00:14:29,326 --> 00:14:32,746
and he insists that one tower signaled
before the other.
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00:14:35,040 --> 00:14:39,211
[Einstein] My solution actually had to do
with the concept of time.
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00:14:40,504 --> 00:14:43,257
[man]
Two observers moving at different speeds
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00:14:43,340 --> 00:14:47,177
experience time at different rates.
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00:14:48,929 --> 00:14:52,016
[Einstein]
Time cannot be absolutely defined.
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00:14:54,894 --> 00:14:59,064
Time is relative.
It stretches and shrinks.
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00:14:59,565 --> 00:15:02,234
Or, in our Earth language, an hour for us
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00:15:02,318 --> 00:15:05,487
may be a century on another planet,
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00:15:05,571 --> 00:15:07,156
and vice versa.
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00:15:07,239 --> 00:15:08,449
[laughs]
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00:15:10,409 --> 00:15:14,455
[Einstein] There is no audible ticktock
everywhere in the world.
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00:15:15,080 --> 00:15:15,915
[bird singing]
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00:15:17,541 --> 00:15:19,043
[clocks ticking]
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00:15:20,920 --> 00:15:24,924
Past, present, and future
is only an illusion.
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00:15:26,175 --> 00:15:29,261
But one more consequence
also occurred to me.
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00:15:30,054 --> 00:15:32,556
According to the theory of relativity,
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00:15:33,265 --> 00:15:38,270
there is no essential distinction
between mass and energy.
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Energy is put equal to mass
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00:15:45,986 --> 00:15:50,240
multiplied by
the square of the velocity of light.
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00:15:50,950 --> 00:15:53,827
So, a very small amount of mass
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00:15:54,370 --> 00:15:58,415
may be converted
into a very large amount of energy.
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00:15:58,499 --> 00:15:59,917
[suspenseful music plays]
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00:16:12,763 --> 00:16:16,392
Kind fate allowed me
to find a couple of nice ideas
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00:16:16,475 --> 00:16:18,727
after years of feverish labor.
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00:16:19,228 --> 00:16:20,270
[reporter 1] Mr. Einstein.
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00:16:25,484 --> 00:16:28,821
[reporters] Einstein! Einstein! Einstein!
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00:16:37,997 --> 00:16:39,790
[reporter 2] Professor Einstein.
Professor.
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00:16:39,873 --> 00:16:41,625
Professor.
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00:16:41,709 --> 00:16:42,835
Professor Einstein.
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00:16:43,460 --> 00:16:44,420
Times of London.
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00:16:44,503 --> 00:16:47,423
Um, you have caused a revolution
in science,
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00:16:47,506 --> 00:16:50,134
and Newtonian ideas are overthrown.
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00:16:50,217 --> 00:16:52,344
[reporter 3]
New York Times. Our headline today,
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00:16:52,428 --> 00:16:54,388
"Lights all askew in the heavens!"
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00:16:54,471 --> 00:16:56,306
"Men of science more or less agog!"
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00:16:56,390 --> 00:16:58,976
"Einstein's theory triumphs!"
How do you feel?
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00:16:59,476 --> 00:17:02,062
My faculties have been quite overrated.
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00:17:02,146 --> 00:17:02,980
[all laugh]
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00:17:03,063 --> 00:17:06,984
Professor, could you possibly
explain your theory to the man,
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00:17:07,067 --> 00:17:09,361
or possibly the woman, in the street?
247
00:17:10,195 --> 00:17:14,700
An hour sitting with a pretty girl
on a park bench passes like a minute,
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00:17:14,783 --> 00:17:18,454
but a minute sitting on a hot stove
seems like an hour.
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00:17:18,537 --> 00:17:19,913
That's relativity.
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00:17:19,997 --> 00:17:21,457
[reporters laughing]
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00:17:21,540 --> 00:17:23,375
Very funny. Very funny indeed.
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00:17:23,459 --> 00:17:26,253
- [reporters laughing]
- [flashing]
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00:17:29,381 --> 00:17:33,594
[Einstein] Like the man in the fairy tale
who turned everything into gold,
254
00:17:35,637 --> 00:17:36,889
so with me,
255
00:17:36,972 --> 00:17:40,601
everything is turned
into newspaper clamor.
256
00:17:40,684 --> 00:17:41,852
[music builds]
257
00:17:41,935 --> 00:17:45,064
[inaudible dialogue]
258
00:17:57,159 --> 00:17:59,953
To punish me for my contempt of authority,
259
00:18:00,954 --> 00:18:03,832
fate made me an authority myself.
260
00:18:11,256 --> 00:18:13,425
{\an8}It turned out that the inertia of a system
261
00:18:13,509 --> 00:18:16,678
{\an8}necessarily depends on its energy content,
262
00:18:16,762 --> 00:18:21,850
and this led straight to the notion
that inert mass is simply latent energy.
263
00:18:24,686 --> 00:18:28,649
Mass and energy are both different
manifestations of the same thing.
264
00:18:28,732 --> 00:18:31,193
So, a small amount of mass
265
00:18:31,276 --> 00:18:34,404
may be converted
into a very large amount of energy.
266
00:18:36,448 --> 00:18:40,619
Sorry, Professor,
but are you saying it could be possible
267
00:18:40,702 --> 00:18:42,996
to, well, somehow release that energy?
268
00:18:43,497 --> 00:18:48,585
[chuckles] Science in its present state
makes it appear almost impossible
269
00:18:48,669 --> 00:18:50,796
that we should ever succeed in so doing.
270
00:18:50,879 --> 00:18:54,716
It would be like, uh,
shooting birds in the dark
271
00:18:54,800 --> 00:18:57,469
in a country
where there are very few birds.
272
00:18:57,553 --> 00:19:02,349
Still, energy released on that scale
sounds... rather worrying.
273
00:19:03,058 --> 00:19:07,729
Concern for man himself and his fate
must always be the chief objective,
274
00:19:08,397 --> 00:19:11,108
in order that the creations of our minds
275
00:19:11,191 --> 00:19:13,986
should be a blessing
and not a curse to mankind.
276
00:19:14,862 --> 00:19:15,696
[loud bang]
277
00:19:16,613 --> 00:19:17,698
[car engine revs]
278
00:19:19,491 --> 00:19:21,201
[Locker-Lampson] Stand down, ladies!
279
00:19:22,119 --> 00:19:24,997
I'm expecting someone. Friend, not foe.
280
00:19:26,165 --> 00:19:27,082
[sighs]
281
00:19:28,208 --> 00:19:31,128
I think you'll very much enjoy meeting
this gentleman, Professor.
282
00:19:32,421 --> 00:19:34,047
[horn honking]
283
00:19:40,971 --> 00:19:43,599
Been spending some more time
chatting with the professor, Margery?
284
00:19:43,682 --> 00:19:47,227
- Oh, listening mainly.
- [Locker-Lampson chuckles]
285
00:19:47,311 --> 00:19:50,564
He's been explaining the finer points
of his theory of relativity to us.
286
00:19:51,148 --> 00:19:51,982
And?
287
00:19:52,608 --> 00:19:54,818
And I'm quite certain
that he understands it.
288
00:19:54,902 --> 00:19:56,069
[upbeat music playing]
289
00:19:56,153 --> 00:19:57,863
[laughing]
290
00:20:07,372 --> 00:20:08,207
[man] Epstein.
291
00:20:08,874 --> 00:20:10,959
No, no. Einstein.
292
00:20:12,836 --> 00:20:15,547
Professor, this is Jacob Epstein.
The sculptor.
293
00:20:16,131 --> 00:20:17,799
Oh! [laughs]
294
00:20:18,508 --> 00:20:22,346
Professor, I'm very interested
in your head.
295
00:20:28,644 --> 00:20:30,354
[jazz music playing]
296
00:20:42,491 --> 00:20:45,494
I understand you're none too popular
in Germany, Professor.
297
00:20:46,036 --> 00:20:46,912
[Einstein grunts]
298
00:20:49,039 --> 00:20:54,378
I read recently that 100 Nazi professors
have condemned your theories as incorrect.
299
00:20:56,755 --> 00:21:00,592
Were I wrong, one professor
would have been quite enough. [chuckles]
300
00:21:00,676 --> 00:21:01,551
[Jacob laughs]
301
00:21:03,804 --> 00:21:05,264
I thought I was a physicist.
302
00:21:05,347 --> 00:21:06,682
[music fades]
303
00:21:06,765 --> 00:21:09,268
I did not bother being a non-Aryan
304
00:21:09,351 --> 00:21:11,395
until Hitler made me conscious of it.
305
00:21:13,855 --> 00:21:15,315
[somber music playing]
306
00:21:22,322 --> 00:21:23,615
[typewriter clacking]
307
00:21:24,616 --> 00:21:25,784
[typewriter clacking]
308
00:21:33,875 --> 00:21:38,422
[typewriter clacking]
309
00:21:39,214 --> 00:21:41,758
[man speaking German]
310
00:21:42,968 --> 00:21:44,636
[in English] Only those of German blood,
311
00:21:44,720 --> 00:21:47,014
whatever their creed,
may be members of the Nation.
312
00:21:47,097 --> 00:21:49,891
All non-German immigration
must be prevented.
313
00:21:49,975 --> 00:21:52,853
No Jew may be a member of the Nation.
314
00:21:52,936 --> 00:21:55,772
Leaders of the party promise
to work ruthlessly,
315
00:21:56,481 --> 00:22:01,111
if need be, to sacrifice their very life
to translate this program into action.
316
00:22:01,611 --> 00:22:03,280
[somber music continues]
317
00:22:07,784 --> 00:22:08,702
[man coughs]
318
00:22:08,785 --> 00:22:10,787
[indistinct chatter]
319
00:22:18,295 --> 00:22:21,173
At present, every coachman
and every waiter is debating
320
00:22:21,256 --> 00:22:23,508
whether relativity theory is correct.
321
00:22:24,551 --> 00:22:28,472
Here is yet another application
of the principle of relativity
322
00:22:28,555 --> 00:22:30,557
for the delectation of the reader.
323
00:22:31,058 --> 00:22:34,770
Today, you are described in Germany
as a "German savant,"
324
00:22:34,853 --> 00:22:37,272
and in England as a "Swiss Jew."
325
00:22:37,356 --> 00:22:38,690
[both laugh]
326
00:22:38,774 --> 00:22:43,028
Should it ever be my fate
to be represented as a bête noire,
327
00:22:43,111 --> 00:22:46,948
I should, on the contrary,
become a "Swiss Jew" for the Germans
328
00:22:47,032 --> 00:22:49,242
and the "German savant" for the English.
329
00:22:49,326 --> 00:22:50,744
[Einstein laughs]
330
00:22:54,247 --> 00:22:55,791
"This event has been organized
331
00:22:55,874 --> 00:22:59,252
by the 'Working Society
of German Scientists
332
00:22:59,336 --> 00:23:01,713
for the Preservation of Pure Science.'"
333
00:23:02,214 --> 00:23:03,715
Their conviction is determined
334
00:23:03,799 --> 00:23:05,967
by the political party
to which they belong.
335
00:23:07,886 --> 00:23:11,098
"First speaker, Paul Weyland."
336
00:23:20,982 --> 00:23:21,858
[applause ends]
337
00:23:23,485 --> 00:23:24,903
Our theme this evening,
338
00:23:25,987 --> 00:23:29,366
to protect the German people
from being misled
339
00:23:29,866 --> 00:23:32,119
by highly acclaimed scientists,
340
00:23:32,202 --> 00:23:34,663
who set
the scientifically-interested world
341
00:23:34,746 --> 00:23:38,083
in disarray with half-baked opinions.
342
00:23:38,917 --> 00:23:41,253
He doesn't seem to be an expert at all.
343
00:23:42,003 --> 00:23:44,172
Doctor? Engineer? Politician?
344
00:23:45,590 --> 00:23:50,387
[Weyland] We present observations
on Einstein's theory of relativity
345
00:23:51,263 --> 00:23:53,306
and the manner of its introduction.
346
00:23:53,807 --> 00:23:54,891
[person coughing]
347
00:23:57,769 --> 00:24:00,147
Rarely in science
348
00:24:00,230 --> 00:24:03,150
has a postulated scientific system
349
00:24:03,233 --> 00:24:08,530
been promoted as extravagantly
as the general principle of relativity,
350
00:24:09,448 --> 00:24:11,241
which at a closer glance,
351
00:24:11,324 --> 00:24:15,245
is revealed
to be severely lacking in proof.
352
00:24:16,455 --> 00:24:21,751
Einstein engages in a businesslike
booming of his theory and his name.
353
00:24:22,919 --> 00:24:23,753
In short,
354
00:24:24,796 --> 00:24:29,926
Einstein's theory of relativity
is nothing less than scientific Dadaism.
355
00:24:30,010 --> 00:24:31,178
[audience gasps]
356
00:24:31,261 --> 00:24:34,556
[audience cheering, applauding]
357
00:24:34,639 --> 00:24:38,143
It is the product
of an intellectually-confused time,
358
00:24:38,226 --> 00:24:39,644
and plagiarized to boot.
359
00:24:40,770 --> 00:24:42,856
It is, in fact, a hoax
360
00:24:42,939 --> 00:24:45,901
promoted by the clique
of his academic supporters.
361
00:24:46,485 --> 00:24:49,696
All of this is
a consequence of the intellectual
362
00:24:50,197 --> 00:24:53,575
and moral decay of German society,
363
00:24:53,658 --> 00:24:56,912
which is being exploited and promoted
364
00:24:56,995 --> 00:24:59,706
by a certain press.
365
00:25:00,207 --> 00:25:02,000
[audience cheering, applauding]
366
00:25:03,084 --> 00:25:04,586
[tense music playing]
367
00:25:27,317 --> 00:25:29,611
[typewriter clacking]
368
00:25:32,822 --> 00:25:36,785
[Einstein] My answer to the
Anti-Relativity Theory Company Limited.
369
00:25:40,956 --> 00:25:43,333
I have reason to believe
370
00:25:43,416 --> 00:25:47,128
that motives
other than the striving for truth
371
00:25:47,712 --> 00:25:50,006
are at the bottom of this enterprise.
372
00:25:52,634 --> 00:25:55,345
Were I a German nationalist,
373
00:25:55,428 --> 00:25:57,681
whether bearing a swastika or not,
374
00:25:58,181 --> 00:26:01,685
rather than a Jew
of liberal international bent...
375
00:26:03,603 --> 00:26:05,772
I am neither a German citizen
376
00:26:06,439 --> 00:26:08,942
nor do I believe in a Jewish faith.
377
00:26:09,025 --> 00:26:09,859
[music ends]
378
00:26:10,443 --> 00:26:12,571
But I am a Jew,
379
00:26:12,654 --> 00:26:15,824
and I am glad
to belong to the Jewish people.
380
00:26:19,244 --> 00:26:21,079
[Jacob coughing]
381
00:26:21,788 --> 00:26:24,374
[Jacob inhales] Professor,
382
00:26:24,916 --> 00:26:27,210
do you think you might put out your pipe?
383
00:26:28,628 --> 00:26:31,506
I would rather view the individual
384
00:26:32,757 --> 00:26:35,844
in a fog and semi-darkness
than in the light.
385
00:26:36,553 --> 00:26:39,764
[hesitates] It's just I can barely see you
through the smoke.
386
00:26:39,848 --> 00:26:41,766
[Einstein inhales deeply]
387
00:26:41,850 --> 00:26:43,602
[exhales]
388
00:26:43,685 --> 00:26:45,061
[suspenseful music playing]
389
00:26:52,736 --> 00:26:55,447
[Locker-Lampson] Gentlemen. Shall we?
390
00:27:18,178 --> 00:27:19,346
[inhales]
391
00:27:20,722 --> 00:27:22,265
[exhales]
392
00:27:27,020 --> 00:27:28,647
Someone to see you, Professor.
393
00:27:29,522 --> 00:27:30,690
Walter Adams.
394
00:27:31,691 --> 00:27:33,860
I think you should listen
to what he has to say.
395
00:27:34,694 --> 00:27:35,695
[sighs]
396
00:27:36,988 --> 00:27:39,866
{\an8}[Walter] Uh, Professor, I'm here
in my role as secretary
397
00:27:39,949 --> 00:27:42,035
{\an8}of the Academic Assistance Council.
398
00:27:43,495 --> 00:27:46,122
We formed earlier this year
with the explicit intention
399
00:27:46,206 --> 00:27:49,793
of helping displaced academics
who might need to flee Germany
400
00:27:49,876 --> 00:27:53,588
in light of the, um...
current appalling circumstances
401
00:27:53,672 --> 00:27:54,964
for Jews there.
402
00:27:56,383 --> 00:28:00,220
I have been promoted
to an evil monster in Germany,
403
00:28:00,303 --> 00:28:03,682
and all my money
has been taken away from me.
404
00:28:03,765 --> 00:28:05,183
Yes, I'm so sorry.
405
00:28:06,434 --> 00:28:10,188
Professor, we're organizing an event
in support of academic refugees
406
00:28:10,271 --> 00:28:14,567
and, uh... well, we wonder
whether you would agree to speak?
407
00:28:16,903 --> 00:28:17,821
Mr. Adams,
408
00:28:19,531 --> 00:28:22,450
if I were to appear in public
409
00:28:23,243 --> 00:28:25,412
as a prosecutor of the German government,
410
00:28:25,495 --> 00:28:29,249
it would have terrifying consequences
for the German Jews.
411
00:28:31,876 --> 00:28:33,628
Yes, perhaps.
412
00:28:35,338 --> 00:28:37,716
But the circumstances
are already terrifying for them
413
00:28:37,799 --> 00:28:39,467
even without your intervention.
414
00:28:42,262 --> 00:28:46,057
Professor, you are
the most renowned physicist of the age.
415
00:28:46,141 --> 00:28:50,729
Your voice would echo around the world
and help to reveal the scale
416
00:28:50,812 --> 00:28:52,939
of the Jewish academic purge in Germany.
417
00:28:55,275 --> 00:28:57,402
I assure you,
it will only be a modest meeting
418
00:28:57,485 --> 00:29:00,989
where a small number
of well-known people will speak.
419
00:29:07,871 --> 00:29:09,706
Would you at least consider it?
420
00:29:17,046 --> 00:29:18,631
[somber music playing]
421
00:29:38,067 --> 00:29:39,319
[tense music playing]
422
00:29:45,867 --> 00:29:49,996
[man] Few Germans were alert to the threat
that Hitler and the Nazis posed.
423
00:29:50,079 --> 00:29:53,208
A failed coup attempt
did little to dispel their image
424
00:29:53,291 --> 00:29:56,294
as a tin pot army of political no-hopers.
425
00:29:56,836 --> 00:29:59,130
Yet, in the wake of World War I,
426
00:29:59,214 --> 00:30:02,675
Hitler courted
the many disillusioned team of soldiers
427
00:30:02,759 --> 00:30:06,429
to swell the party's ranks
and set him on the road to power.
428
00:30:11,893 --> 00:30:14,187
[Einstein]
Humanity is suffering in Germany.
429
00:30:15,563 --> 00:30:19,275
The present wave of nationalism
is a severe sickness.
430
00:30:19,359 --> 00:30:20,985
[seagulls cawing]
431
00:30:23,905 --> 00:30:26,324
It takes but the slightest provocation,
432
00:30:26,407 --> 00:30:29,202
or at times no provocation at all,
433
00:30:29,285 --> 00:30:31,663
to be transformed into chauvinism.
434
00:30:37,460 --> 00:30:38,545
[gun fires]
435
00:30:39,170 --> 00:30:40,755
[crowd clamoring]
436
00:30:42,924 --> 00:30:43,842
[music ends]
437
00:30:43,925 --> 00:30:45,552
[typewriter clacking]
438
00:30:46,302 --> 00:30:47,387
[typewriter clacking]
439
00:30:48,346 --> 00:30:49,806
[typewriter clacking]
440
00:30:53,768 --> 00:30:56,938
My feelings for Rathenau
were ones of thanks
441
00:30:57,021 --> 00:31:02,235
for the hope and consolation he gave me
during Europe's presently bleak situation.
442
00:31:03,069 --> 00:31:04,195
[ominous music playing]
443
00:31:04,279 --> 00:31:07,365
He was the first victim
of Nazi propaganda.
444
00:31:08,575 --> 00:31:09,409
[car horn honking]
445
00:31:11,411 --> 00:31:13,037
[reporter] Professor,
just a few questions.
446
00:31:13,121 --> 00:31:17,000
Professor, there are rumors
you are not returning to Germany.
447
00:31:20,712 --> 00:31:26,509
In view of the attitude that large numbers
of educated Germans have towards Jews,
448
00:31:26,593 --> 00:31:31,264
I have been warned against making
any kind of public appearances in Germany.
449
00:31:31,890 --> 00:31:34,726
For I am supposedly
among the group of people
450
00:31:34,809 --> 00:31:37,478
being targeted by nationalist assassins.
451
00:31:38,771 --> 00:31:41,357
But you deny you are fleeing Germany?
452
00:31:42,108 --> 00:31:46,946
I am going to Japan because that means
12 weeks of peace on the open sea.
453
00:31:47,030 --> 00:31:50,408
[engine whirring]
454
00:31:50,491 --> 00:31:54,203
I am glad to just disappear
for six months.
455
00:31:55,079 --> 00:31:56,623
The voyage is wonderful,
456
00:31:57,582 --> 00:31:59,834
even though Japan is quite exhausting.
457
00:32:04,756 --> 00:32:08,009
Here, I have already given 13 lectures
458
00:32:08,092 --> 00:32:10,678
and been photographed
for the 10,000th time.
459
00:32:12,513 --> 00:32:15,433
No living person deserves
this sort of reception.
460
00:32:17,602 --> 00:32:18,728
[children laughing]
461
00:32:22,065 --> 00:32:25,276
An enthralling walk along the coast.
462
00:32:25,860 --> 00:32:28,988
In the afternoon,
a tour to the peak of the mountain.
463
00:32:32,742 --> 00:32:33,743
[music ends]
464
00:32:34,994 --> 00:32:36,329
[clock ticking]
465
00:32:42,335 --> 00:32:43,169
[inhales]
466
00:32:52,553 --> 00:32:53,388
[radio feedback]
467
00:32:55,682 --> 00:32:57,809
[announcer 1]
In Berlin and throughout Germany,
468
00:32:57,892 --> 00:32:59,769
people are suffering from hunger,
469
00:32:59,852 --> 00:33:02,397
an absence
of the bare necessities of life.
470
00:33:02,897 --> 00:33:05,066
Unemployment and mounting inflation
471
00:33:05,149 --> 00:33:07,151
are bringing the country
to the edge of ruin.
472
00:33:07,986 --> 00:33:09,737
Money means almost nothing.
473
00:33:09,821 --> 00:33:12,740
300 billion marks
for a half-pound of apples,
474
00:33:13,241 --> 00:33:15,201
and the mark's value continues to fall
475
00:33:15,910 --> 00:33:17,328
lower and lower.
476
00:33:19,455 --> 00:33:21,249
The middle class is wiped out.
477
00:33:21,958 --> 00:33:25,712
The Reichsbank works overtime
printing more and more paper money
478
00:33:25,795 --> 00:33:27,630
that buys less and less.
479
00:33:29,674 --> 00:33:31,759
The Nazi ranks now begin to swell,
480
00:33:32,385 --> 00:33:36,597
aimless, jobless young men
fed on promises of power and gold.
481
00:33:39,600 --> 00:33:41,769
[announcer 2]
The Berlin adherents of the Nazi party
482
00:33:41,853 --> 00:33:43,187
spent yesterday at Nuremberg
483
00:33:43,271 --> 00:33:47,233
and formed part of a body of 12,000,
mostly Bavarians,
484
00:33:47,316 --> 00:33:49,527
who paraded before the famous Hitler.
485
00:33:51,863 --> 00:33:53,573
[chanting in German]
486
00:33:54,532 --> 00:33:56,993
[foghorn blares]
487
00:33:57,577 --> 00:33:59,704
[announcer 3] The globe-trotting
Professor Einstein arrives back
488
00:33:59,787 --> 00:34:02,290
in New York
to be met by a mob of reporters.
489
00:34:03,958 --> 00:34:05,918
The greatest scientist of Germany
490
00:34:06,586 --> 00:34:08,504
in the greatest city of the world.
491
00:34:08,588 --> 00:34:09,922
I'm delighted.
492
00:34:10,840 --> 00:34:14,343
The reporters asked
exquisitely inane questions,
493
00:34:14,844 --> 00:34:17,346
to which I replied with cheap jokes.
494
00:34:17,430 --> 00:34:20,349
[reporter] What do you think
of prohibition, Professor?
495
00:34:20,433 --> 00:34:22,977
[in German]
I don’t drink, so I couldn’t care less.
496
00:34:23,061 --> 00:34:24,937
[all laugh]
497
00:34:27,231 --> 00:34:29,025
[crowd clamoring]
498
00:34:30,818 --> 00:34:32,695
[announcer 1 in English]
Germany and election day,
499
00:34:32,779 --> 00:34:35,656
Herr Hitler stuns the world
as his vote soars.
500
00:34:35,740 --> 00:34:38,659
Now, 6 million of his countrymen
back the Nazis,
501
00:34:38,743 --> 00:34:41,871
making them
the second-largest party in the Reichstag.
502
00:34:42,705 --> 00:34:46,167
Is there no stopping
the self-styled Führer's onward march?
503
00:34:46,250 --> 00:34:49,087
[shouting in German]
504
00:34:52,048 --> 00:34:54,258
[announcer 2]
Professor Einstein suddenly became grave
505
00:34:54,342 --> 00:34:58,930
and almost vehement when asked about
the Nazi party's recent election success.
506
00:34:59,472 --> 00:35:02,225
"I do not enjoy
Mr. Hitler's acquaintance," he said.
507
00:35:04,393 --> 00:35:07,021
"Hitler is living
on the empty stomach of Germany."
508
00:35:07,105 --> 00:35:09,982
"As soon as economic conditions
in Germany improve,
509
00:35:10,066 --> 00:35:11,526
he will cease to be important."
510
00:35:12,527 --> 00:35:16,489
Beyond this statement,
Dr. Einstein would not discuss politics.
511
00:35:18,491 --> 00:35:20,535
[in German]
The struggle between the people
512
00:35:20,618 --> 00:35:22,161
and the hatred amongst them
513
00:35:23,037 --> 00:35:26,791
is being nurtured
by very specific interested parties.
514
00:35:27,375 --> 00:35:32,004
It is a small,
rootless, international clique
515
00:35:32,088 --> 00:35:34,257
that is turning people against each other.
516
00:35:34,340 --> 00:35:39,595
They are the only ones who can really
be regarded as international elements
517
00:35:39,679 --> 00:35:44,559
because they conduct
their business everywhere.
518
00:35:44,642 --> 00:35:46,352
[foghorn honking]
519
00:35:46,435 --> 00:35:47,854
[all] Einstein!
520
00:35:47,937 --> 00:35:49,814
[crowd cheering]
521
00:35:51,691 --> 00:35:55,278
[Einstein in English]
Mere words do not get pacifists anywhere.
522
00:35:55,778 --> 00:35:58,072
They must initiate action.
523
00:35:58,156 --> 00:35:59,699
[upbeat music playing]
524
00:35:59,782 --> 00:36:01,242
Deeds are needed.
525
00:36:03,202 --> 00:36:07,373
Even if only 2% of those
supposed to perform military service
526
00:36:07,456 --> 00:36:10,293
should declare themselves
war resisters and assert,
527
00:36:10,376 --> 00:36:11,836
"We are not going to fight,"
528
00:36:12,628 --> 00:36:14,964
the governments would be powerless.
529
00:36:17,133 --> 00:36:19,719
[announcer 1] More than one million Jews
throughout the United States
530
00:36:19,802 --> 00:36:23,055
will join protest meetings today
against the persecution of Jews
531
00:36:23,139 --> 00:36:25,808
in Germany by the Hitler government.
532
00:36:27,226 --> 00:36:29,228
- [crowd cheering]
- [soldiers marching]
533
00:36:31,355 --> 00:36:33,566
[announcer 2]
Brownshirts are marching in triumph,
534
00:36:33,649 --> 00:36:36,485
for Adolf Hitler rules Germany at last.
535
00:36:37,236 --> 00:36:39,739
Great crowds assembled
when the announcement came
536
00:36:39,822 --> 00:36:41,240
that Hitler had accepted command.
537
00:36:41,824 --> 00:36:42,867
What now,
538
00:36:43,576 --> 00:36:47,538
for 50 million Germans
give allegiance to the Hitler flag,
539
00:36:47,622 --> 00:36:49,248
the famous swastika.
540
00:36:50,666 --> 00:36:53,711
[in German]
On this evening, I call on our people
541
00:36:53,794 --> 00:36:55,213
every hour
542
00:36:56,547 --> 00:37:00,343
of every day
543
00:37:00,843 --> 00:37:06,140
to think only of Germany, the Reich,
544
00:37:06,807 --> 00:37:08,851
and our German nation,
545
00:37:09,352 --> 00:37:10,728
our German people.
546
00:37:10,811 --> 00:37:16,025
Hail to victory!
547
00:37:19,153 --> 00:37:20,363
[woman laughing]
548
00:37:21,614 --> 00:37:22,990
[announcer 3 in English] In Pasadena,
549
00:37:23,074 --> 00:37:25,618
Mr. and Mrs. Albert Einstein
bid friends farewell.
550
00:37:28,037 --> 00:37:30,248
The professor has spent
the best part of a decade
551
00:37:30,331 --> 00:37:33,042
darting between his homeland
and the rest of the world.
552
00:37:34,543 --> 00:37:36,879
But the Germany
he's returning to this time
553
00:37:36,963 --> 00:37:39,298
is a far cry from the one he left.
554
00:37:39,840 --> 00:37:42,301
Now, Herr Hitler reigns supreme.
555
00:37:44,262 --> 00:37:46,889
[announcer 4]
Germany was a land of devilry by night.
556
00:37:49,183 --> 00:37:52,645
That in which you did not believe
must be destroyed.
557
00:37:53,521 --> 00:37:55,022
And in the burning,
558
00:37:55,106 --> 00:37:58,067
liberty, tolerance, and gentleness
559
00:37:58,776 --> 00:38:00,361
vanished from the land.
560
00:38:03,114 --> 00:38:04,407
[in German] German men and women.
561
00:38:06,409 --> 00:38:11,998
The age of an exaggerated
Jewish intellectualism
562
00:38:12,081 --> 00:38:13,457
has now come to an end.
563
00:38:15,001 --> 00:38:18,671
[announcer 5 in English] The Einsteins'
transatlantic voyage is rudely interrupted
564
00:38:18,754 --> 00:38:21,632
with the news that
their summer home has been raided.
565
00:38:23,217 --> 00:38:25,720
[Einstein]
My summer home has often in the past
566
00:38:25,803 --> 00:38:28,306
been honored by the presence of guests.
567
00:38:29,223 --> 00:38:30,725
They were always welcome.
568
00:38:31,851 --> 00:38:34,186
No one had any reason to break in.
569
00:38:36,272 --> 00:38:40,818
These acts are the result
of a rabid mob of the Nazi militia.
570
00:38:42,528 --> 00:38:46,657
I think it is quite possible
that the political circus at home
571
00:38:46,741 --> 00:38:47,992
will go on for some time,
572
00:38:49,493 --> 00:38:51,120
and that I will not return.
573
00:38:57,209 --> 00:38:59,754
[announcer 6] What is the real attitude
of the new German dictator?
574
00:38:59,837 --> 00:39:02,923
Is it Hitler's plan
to continue to maintain Germany
575
00:39:03,007 --> 00:39:05,092
under his National Socialist rule,
576
00:39:05,176 --> 00:39:08,179
or does he plan to restore
a semblance of the former monarchy
577
00:39:08,262 --> 00:39:10,848
with himself
as the power behind the throne?
578
00:39:10,931 --> 00:39:13,142
Whatever Hitler's plans may be,
579
00:39:13,225 --> 00:39:15,478
it is certain
that in his scheme of things,
580
00:39:15,561 --> 00:39:19,565
no one but himself will be allowed
to play the principal role.
581
00:39:19,648 --> 00:39:21,650
[radio feedback]
582
00:39:22,443 --> 00:39:24,153
[Barbara] There is Professor's picture.
583
00:39:26,739 --> 00:39:29,241
"Was greatly honored by the Jewish press
584
00:39:29,325 --> 00:39:32,036
and the unsuspecting German people."
585
00:39:36,665 --> 00:39:39,001
[tense music playing]
586
00:39:39,085 --> 00:39:40,419
[Barbara] "Showed his gratitude
587
00:39:40,503 --> 00:39:44,256
by lying atrocity propaganda
against Adolf Hitler."
588
00:39:50,179 --> 00:39:51,597
And below that, it says...
589
00:39:53,182 --> 00:39:54,016
It says...
590
00:39:57,186 --> 00:39:58,020
It says--
591
00:39:58,104 --> 00:40:00,689
"Not yet hanged."
592
00:40:02,316 --> 00:40:03,442
[birds chirping]
593
00:40:05,736 --> 00:40:06,821
When I was young,
594
00:40:07,321 --> 00:40:12,576
all I wanted from life
was to sit quietly in a corner somewhere,
595
00:40:12,660 --> 00:40:16,455
doing my work
without the public paying attention to me.
596
00:40:17,915 --> 00:40:19,500
Now look what has become of me.
597
00:40:21,335 --> 00:40:23,295
I'm so very sorry, Professor.
598
00:40:24,255 --> 00:40:28,676
I cannot understand the passive response
of the whole civilized world
599
00:40:28,759 --> 00:40:30,719
to this modern barbarism.
600
00:40:30,803 --> 00:40:33,514
Doesn't the world see
that Hitler is aiming for war?
601
00:40:35,266 --> 00:40:36,267
It would seem not.
602
00:40:41,480 --> 00:40:43,190
This must be difficult for you.
603
00:40:43,691 --> 00:40:46,485
I mean, as a committed pacifist.
604
00:40:46,569 --> 00:40:51,365
Yes, but I have little need to tell you
that I am an unconditional anti-fascist.
605
00:40:52,199 --> 00:40:55,911
The entire German population
is being poisoned with nationalism
606
00:40:55,995 --> 00:40:57,329
and drilled for war.
607
00:41:00,416 --> 00:41:01,625
I loathe all armies.
608
00:41:02,877 --> 00:41:04,211
And any kind of violence.
609
00:41:04,295 --> 00:41:07,590
Yet, I am firmly convinced
that in the present state of the world,
610
00:41:07,673 --> 00:41:12,261
organized force can be opposed
only by organized force.
611
00:41:17,850 --> 00:41:19,185
There is no other way.
612
00:41:24,648 --> 00:41:25,524
No other way.
613
00:41:27,109 --> 00:41:27,943
[scoffs]
614
00:41:42,917 --> 00:41:44,460
[seagulls cawing]
615
00:41:45,836 --> 00:41:50,799
The world is in greater peril from those
who tolerate or encourage evil
616
00:41:51,467 --> 00:41:53,886
than from those who actually commit it.
617
00:41:56,222 --> 00:41:59,558
Silence would have made me
feel guilty of complicity.
618
00:42:06,190 --> 00:42:09,026
[Locker-Lampson]
Einstein will speak. Stop.
619
00:42:10,611 --> 00:42:12,613
Forget the "modest meeting."
620
00:42:12,696 --> 00:42:15,324
You want to raise money
to help the German Jews, don't you?
621
00:42:15,407 --> 00:42:16,242
Stop.
622
00:42:16,325 --> 00:42:18,410
Leave the venue to me. Stop.
623
00:42:18,494 --> 00:42:19,745
[tense music playing]
624
00:42:19,828 --> 00:42:21,580
I've already booked a bigger hall.
625
00:42:22,748 --> 00:42:23,582
You have?
626
00:42:26,502 --> 00:42:27,336
The biggest.
627
00:42:28,837 --> 00:42:30,589
Locker-Lampson. Stop.
628
00:42:32,550 --> 00:42:35,135
To Walter Adams. Urgent delivery.
629
00:42:41,100 --> 00:42:43,310
[announcer] October 2nd, 1933.
630
00:42:46,063 --> 00:42:48,232
Daily Mail editorial. London.
631
00:42:50,734 --> 00:42:54,280
There is due to take place
at the Albert Hall a mass meeting,
632
00:42:54,989 --> 00:42:58,909
nominally to appeal for funds
on behalf of the exiles from Germany.
633
00:43:00,119 --> 00:43:02,705
Actually, it will everywhere be regarded
634
00:43:02,788 --> 00:43:05,457
as a demonstration
against the Hitler regime.
635
00:43:06,667 --> 00:43:08,210
And Nazi policy.
636
00:43:08,294 --> 00:43:09,128
[crowd cheering]
637
00:43:09,670 --> 00:43:13,215
We have every sympathy
with the German Jews as such,
638
00:43:13,716 --> 00:43:15,509
but their treatment will not be improved...
639
00:43:15,593 --> 00:43:16,844
GERMANS, DON'T BUY IN JEWISH SHOPS
640
00:43:16,927 --> 00:43:18,887
...by Albert Hall denunciations of Nazis.
641
00:43:19,930 --> 00:43:22,057
We venture to put it to Dr. Einstein
642
00:43:22,141 --> 00:43:25,185
that he would be wise
to stop this injudicious agitation
643
00:43:25,269 --> 00:43:28,731
in this country against the Nazi regime.
644
00:43:31,358 --> 00:43:32,901
[music intensifies]
645
00:43:38,157 --> 00:43:38,991
[music ends]
646
00:43:40,451 --> 00:43:41,410
[exhales]
647
00:43:45,080 --> 00:43:45,914
[exhales]
648
00:43:53,547 --> 00:43:55,883
[mumbling unintelligibly]
649
00:43:58,719 --> 00:44:00,638
The first thing is my gratitude
650
00:44:02,139 --> 00:44:03,641
as a man...
651
00:44:05,726 --> 00:44:07,353
as a good European...
652
00:44:11,690 --> 00:44:12,524
as a Jew.
653
00:44:14,151 --> 00:44:16,111
[shaky breathing]
654
00:44:16,612 --> 00:44:17,655
[exhales]
655
00:44:18,739 --> 00:44:19,573
[exhales]
656
00:44:20,074 --> 00:44:20,949
[exhales]
657
00:44:36,840 --> 00:44:38,467
[knocking at door, opens]
658
00:44:40,594 --> 00:44:42,513
[Locker-Lampson]
I've just spoken to Mr. Adams.
659
00:44:43,180 --> 00:44:44,682
Every ticket has been sold.
660
00:44:47,768 --> 00:44:49,269
Ten thousand people.
661
00:44:49,853 --> 00:44:50,688
[scoffs]
662
00:44:52,564 --> 00:44:54,149
You've got the speech prepared?
663
00:44:54,233 --> 00:44:55,067
[sighs]
664
00:45:04,493 --> 00:45:05,327
Proud of you.
665
00:45:08,872 --> 00:45:10,999
The car's ready. Ready when you are.
666
00:45:18,799 --> 00:45:19,967
[exhales]
667
00:45:27,391 --> 00:45:30,894
Ladies and gentlemen, Professor Einstein.
668
00:45:30,978 --> 00:45:32,521
[audience applauding]
669
00:45:40,738 --> 00:45:44,533
"I am glad you have given me
the opportunity--
670
00:45:44,616 --> 00:45:45,784
an opportunity--"
671
00:45:45,868 --> 00:45:49,621
"I am glad you have given me
the opportunity...
672
00:45:52,124 --> 00:45:54,752
...of expressing to you here
673
00:45:54,835 --> 00:45:58,881
my deep sense of gratitude as a man,
674
00:45:59,673 --> 00:46:01,508
as a good European,
675
00:46:01,592 --> 00:46:02,760
and as a Jew."
676
00:46:08,974 --> 00:46:10,851
"It cannot be my task
677
00:46:10,934 --> 00:46:15,522
to sit in judgment
over the conduct of a nation
678
00:46:15,606 --> 00:46:19,610
which for many years
counted me among its citizens."
679
00:46:22,738 --> 00:46:24,281
"It is perhaps futile
680
00:46:25,199 --> 00:46:28,952
even to try to evaluate
its policies at a time
681
00:46:29,036 --> 00:46:32,372
when it is so necessary to act."
682
00:46:33,582 --> 00:46:36,335
"The crucial questions today are
683
00:46:37,878 --> 00:46:40,798
how can we save mankind
684
00:46:40,881 --> 00:46:42,674
and its cultural heritage?"
685
00:46:45,093 --> 00:46:46,762
"How can we guard Europe
686
00:46:47,763 --> 00:46:49,306
from further disaster?"
687
00:46:52,518 --> 00:46:54,686
"Discontent breeds hatred."
688
00:46:56,104 --> 00:46:58,899
"And hatred leads to acts of violence,
689
00:46:59,608 --> 00:47:00,943
revolution,
690
00:47:01,026 --> 00:47:01,860
and even war."
691
00:47:02,736 --> 00:47:06,156
"Thus, we see how distress
692
00:47:06,240 --> 00:47:09,952
and evil beget new distress and evil."
693
00:47:12,454 --> 00:47:15,457
"If we are to resist
the powers that threaten
694
00:47:15,541 --> 00:47:18,126
intellectual and individual freedom,
695
00:47:19,211 --> 00:47:24,716
we must be very conscious of the fact
that freedom itself is at stake."
696
00:47:26,718 --> 00:47:31,223
"We must realize
how much we owe to that freedom
697
00:47:31,306 --> 00:47:34,685
which our forefathers won
through bitter struggle."
698
00:47:37,020 --> 00:47:38,564
"Without such freedom,
699
00:47:39,606 --> 00:47:42,860
there would have been no Shakespeare,
700
00:47:42,943 --> 00:47:44,361
no Goethe,
701
00:47:44,444 --> 00:47:45,696
no Newton,
702
00:47:45,779 --> 00:47:47,197
no Faraday,
703
00:47:47,281 --> 00:47:48,532
no Pasteur,
704
00:47:48,615 --> 00:47:49,867
and no Lister."
705
00:47:57,207 --> 00:47:59,251
Should we merely lament the fact
706
00:47:59,334 --> 00:48:02,963
that we live in a time of tension,
danger, and want?
707
00:48:03,714 --> 00:48:04,882
I think not.
708
00:48:05,883 --> 00:48:08,844
Only when subjected
to peril and social upheaval,
709
00:48:08,927 --> 00:48:13,307
do nations feel induced
to adopt progressive measures.
710
00:48:14,558 --> 00:48:20,022
One can only hope that the present crisis
will lead to a better world.
711
00:48:23,567 --> 00:48:24,610
One can only hope
712
00:48:26,278 --> 00:48:29,740
that the present crisis
will lead to a better world.
713
00:48:32,451 --> 00:48:34,828
[audience applauding]
714
00:48:42,294 --> 00:48:44,004
[car engine starts]
715
00:48:46,256 --> 00:48:47,549
[dramatic music playing]
716
00:49:01,563 --> 00:49:06,276
[typewriter clacking]
717
00:49:08,570 --> 00:49:11,490
[typewriter clacking]
718
00:49:30,258 --> 00:49:33,011
The Institute will be located in Princeton
719
00:49:33,720 --> 00:49:38,642
and will begin in the fall of 1933,
the School of Mathematics
720
00:49:40,102 --> 00:49:42,145
headed by Professor Einstein.
721
00:49:43,563 --> 00:49:45,315
[somber music playing]
722
00:49:48,026 --> 00:49:49,820
[Einstein] I found Princeton lovely.
723
00:49:50,404 --> 00:49:51,905
A wondrous little spot.
724
00:49:53,031 --> 00:49:56,410
[Flexner] I consider that we are
extraordinarily fortunate
725
00:49:57,285 --> 00:50:01,289
in being able to begin
with a man like Professor Einstein,
726
00:50:02,457 --> 00:50:06,837
who is one
of the ranking scientists of all time.
727
00:50:08,714 --> 00:50:11,008
[Einstein]
Into this small university town,
728
00:50:11,091 --> 00:50:15,345
the chaotic voices of human strife
barely penetrate.
729
00:50:17,264 --> 00:50:20,726
I am almost ashamed
to be living in such a place
730
00:50:21,226 --> 00:50:23,812
whilst all the rest struggle and suffer.
731
00:50:25,355 --> 00:50:26,982
[crowd cheering]
732
00:50:30,736 --> 00:50:32,320
[announcer 1] Hitler continues to arm,
733
00:50:32,904 --> 00:50:37,034
while suppressing the rights of all
whose ideas do not agree with his.
734
00:50:37,117 --> 00:50:40,746
Jews, Catholics, liberals, Protestants,
735
00:50:40,829 --> 00:50:44,458
and women who, under his regime,
have been reduced to medieval slavery,
736
00:50:44,541 --> 00:50:48,336
all stand aghast
as the threat of war again appears.
737
00:50:56,261 --> 00:51:00,015
[Einstein] When asked why
I have given up my position in Germany,
738
00:51:00,098 --> 00:51:01,975
I made this statement.
739
00:51:02,059 --> 00:51:05,312
As long as I have any choice,
740
00:51:05,896 --> 00:51:08,106
I will only stay in a country
741
00:51:08,190 --> 00:51:12,319
where political liberty,
toleration, and equality is the rule.
742
00:51:13,779 --> 00:51:16,114
I do feel that in America,
743
00:51:16,198 --> 00:51:19,493
the most valuable thing in life
is possible.
744
00:51:19,576 --> 00:51:23,371
The development of the individual
and his creative power.
745
00:51:24,164 --> 00:51:25,082
[glass shatters]
746
00:51:26,208 --> 00:51:28,460
[announcer 2]
The night of the broken glass.
747
00:51:28,543 --> 00:51:33,423
Two hundred synagogues
and 7,500 shops are put to the torch.
748
00:51:33,965 --> 00:51:37,135
Ninety Jews are murdered,
hundreds injured,
749
00:51:37,219 --> 00:51:39,346
thousands demeaned and spat upon.
750
00:51:39,429 --> 00:51:40,305
BE CAREFUL, JEWS
751
00:51:40,388 --> 00:51:43,850
26,000 Jewish men are arrested
and sent to concentration camps.
752
00:51:47,312 --> 00:51:50,357
The visible destruction
matches the violence
753
00:51:50,440 --> 00:51:54,736
that has been done
Germany's 250,000 remaining Jews.
754
00:51:54,820 --> 00:52:00,659
[Hitler in German]
And never flag, never tire, never despair...
755
00:52:00,742 --> 00:52:02,577
[announcer 2 in English]
Desperate and destitute,
756
00:52:02,661 --> 00:52:05,122
they are pushed to the edge of existence.
757
00:52:05,664 --> 00:52:07,666
[Hitler in German]
Long live the German people...
758
00:52:07,791 --> 00:52:09,584
[announcer 2 in English]
Germany has turned down
759
00:52:09,668 --> 00:52:11,795
a dark and sinister path
760
00:52:11,878 --> 00:52:13,463
from which there is no return.
761
00:52:14,172 --> 00:52:16,341
[crowd chanting, cheering in German]
762
00:52:22,472 --> 00:52:24,975
[announcer 3]
Scientists at George Washington University
763
00:52:25,058 --> 00:52:27,477
heard a report of startling significance.
764
00:52:27,978 --> 00:52:30,313
Word has just come through from Germany
765
00:52:30,397 --> 00:52:33,567
that uranium atom,
under neutron bombardment,
766
00:52:33,650 --> 00:52:35,652
actually splits into two parts.
767
00:52:36,486 --> 00:52:37,529
[announcer 3] To the scientists,
768
00:52:37,612 --> 00:52:41,158
this dramatic news
brought a great sense of urgency.
769
00:52:43,910 --> 00:52:45,787
[Einstein] A very small amount of mass
770
00:52:46,371 --> 00:52:50,625
may be converted
into a very large amount of energy.
771
00:52:55,839 --> 00:52:57,632
[announcer 4] Military intelligence fear
772
00:52:57,716 --> 00:53:02,345
that Hitler may have already taken
the first steps toward an atomic bomb.
773
00:53:05,265 --> 00:53:08,602
Energy released on that scale
sounds... rather worrying.
774
00:53:09,227 --> 00:53:12,022
Science in its present state
makes it appear almost impossible
775
00:53:12,105 --> 00:53:14,608
that we should ever succeed in so doing.
776
00:53:14,691 --> 00:53:15,901
[sinister music playing]
777
00:53:20,697 --> 00:53:23,283
[announcer 5] Conscious of the disaster,
which would inevitably follow
778
00:53:23,366 --> 00:53:27,454
if Nazi Germany should be the first
to succeed in releasing atomic energy,
779
00:53:27,537 --> 00:53:30,957
Dr. Einstein decided to write
a personal letter to the president
780
00:53:31,041 --> 00:53:34,211
and stressed the urgent need for action
by the US government.
781
00:53:35,128 --> 00:53:36,046
[Einstein] Sir,
782
00:53:37,255 --> 00:53:40,926
some recent work,
which has been communicated to me,
783
00:53:41,009 --> 00:53:44,512
leads me to expect
that the element uranium
784
00:53:44,596 --> 00:53:48,975
may be turned into a new
and important source of energy.
785
00:53:49,559 --> 00:53:54,564
This new phenomena would also lead
to the construction of bombs,
786
00:53:55,148 --> 00:53:58,485
extremely powerful bombs of a new type.
787
00:53:59,945 --> 00:54:02,364
In view of this situation,
788
00:54:02,447 --> 00:54:06,868
you may think it desirable
to speed up the experimental work,
789
00:54:06,952 --> 00:54:09,329
which is at present being carried on.
790
00:54:10,288 --> 00:54:13,124
Yours, very truly, A. Einstein.
791
00:54:14,960 --> 00:54:16,253
[breathes deeply]
792
00:54:16,336 --> 00:54:17,837
[tense music playing]
793
00:54:17,921 --> 00:54:22,467
Organized force can be opposed
only by organized force.
794
00:54:25,303 --> 00:54:26,638
[thunder cracking]
795
00:54:30,725 --> 00:54:32,519
[announcer 1]
Nazi troops have invaded Poland
796
00:54:32,602 --> 00:54:36,189
by land and by air in undeclared war.
797
00:54:39,276 --> 00:54:41,403
[announcer 2] Hitler's war machine
sweeps through Europe,
798
00:54:41,486 --> 00:54:43,363
conquering the old enemy France.
799
00:54:43,863 --> 00:54:47,492
[Churchill] We shall break up and derange
every effort which Hitler makes.
800
00:54:48,201 --> 00:54:52,122
We shall strive to resist him
by land and sea.
801
00:54:52,205 --> 00:54:56,376
He will find no peace, no rest, no parley.
802
00:54:56,960 --> 00:54:58,837
[Hitler in German]
Mr. Churchill may be convinced
803
00:54:58,920 --> 00:55:01,298
that Great Britain will win.
804
00:55:01,381 --> 00:55:04,676
I doubt not for a second
that Germany will be the victor.
805
00:55:04,759 --> 00:55:06,678
[crowd cheers]
806
00:55:07,387 --> 00:55:08,888
[announcer 3] With the fall of Belgium,
807
00:55:08,972 --> 00:55:11,516
her stockpiles
of the nuclear material uranium
808
00:55:11,599 --> 00:55:13,268
are seized by the Nazis.
809
00:55:19,482 --> 00:55:20,567
[announcer 4] Pearl Harbor,
810
00:55:21,359 --> 00:55:23,695
our great Pacific outpost
in the Hawaiian islands,
811
00:55:23,778 --> 00:55:27,741
is ruthlessly bombed
as Japan's perfidious declaration of war.
812
00:55:28,575 --> 00:55:31,161
[Roosevelt]
No matter how long it may take us,
813
00:55:31,995 --> 00:55:34,581
the American people
in their righteous might
814
00:55:35,582 --> 00:55:38,626
will win through to absolute victory.
815
00:55:38,710 --> 00:55:40,420
[crowd applauding, cheering]
816
00:55:43,131 --> 00:55:48,136
[typewriter clacking]
817
00:55:52,682 --> 00:55:56,102
E is equal MC squared.
818
00:55:56,811 --> 00:56:00,565
The basic formula that unlocked
the secrets of the atom.
819
00:56:01,066 --> 00:56:02,192
[typewriter clacking]
820
00:56:03,485 --> 00:56:06,363
[typewriter clacking]
821
00:56:09,324 --> 00:56:11,034
[guns firing]
822
00:56:13,244 --> 00:56:16,247
[Einstein] It is important
that we be vividly aware
823
00:56:16,331 --> 00:56:19,000
of the mass murders
which the Germans have committed
824
00:56:19,084 --> 00:56:22,754
against the civilian populations
of the occupied countries.
825
00:56:25,590 --> 00:56:28,385
The Germans are intent everywhere
826
00:56:28,468 --> 00:56:33,765
on exterminating those which represent
a nation's independent spirit.
827
00:56:41,564 --> 00:56:42,816
[announcer 5] In Norway,
828
00:56:42,899 --> 00:56:47,153
Allied Forces deliver a devastating blow
to the Nazi nuclear program.
829
00:56:48,238 --> 00:56:51,324
A series of raids
on a hydroelectric power plant
830
00:56:51,408 --> 00:56:54,369
cuts off their source
to vital chemical supplies.
831
00:57:00,583 --> 00:57:05,672
[announcer 6] D-Day. Over 150,000 troops,
carried by more than 5,000 vessels.
832
00:57:05,755 --> 00:57:08,758
The largest amphibious invasion
in history.
833
00:57:08,842 --> 00:57:11,886
The tide of the war is turning on Germany.
834
00:57:14,055 --> 00:57:16,433
[guns firing]
835
00:57:20,478 --> 00:57:24,107
[announcer 7] Allied Forces recover
a cache of secret Nazi files
836
00:57:24,190 --> 00:57:27,152
that show that their atomic weapon program
837
00:57:27,235 --> 00:57:28,236
has failed.
838
00:57:35,243 --> 00:57:37,245
[somber music playing]
839
00:57:44,669 --> 00:57:48,047
[announcer 8] As the Allies advance
deeper into the European mainland,
840
00:57:48,131 --> 00:57:51,301
the true horror
of Hitler's plan is revealed.
841
00:57:52,552 --> 00:57:55,513
[announcer 9] Pictorial evidence
of the almost unprecedented crimes
842
00:57:55,597 --> 00:57:58,975
perpetrated by the Nazis
at the Buchenwald concentration camp.
843
00:58:00,435 --> 00:58:03,104
[announcer 10]
These bones were men, women, and children
844
00:58:03,688 --> 00:58:05,440
sent to be exterminated.
845
00:58:09,944 --> 00:58:14,282
[Einstein] The crime of the Germans
is truly the most abominable ever
846
00:58:14,365 --> 00:58:18,036
to be recorded in the history
of so-called civilized nations.
847
00:58:19,329 --> 00:58:20,747
[announcer 11] In the official report,
848
00:58:20,830 --> 00:58:23,666
the Buchenwald Camp is termed
an extermination factory.
849
00:58:30,256 --> 00:58:32,425
[crowd cheering]
850
00:58:33,801 --> 00:58:35,136
[Einstein] They elected Hitler
851
00:58:35,220 --> 00:58:38,306
after he made
his shameful intentions clear
852
00:58:38,389 --> 00:58:41,684
beyond the possibility
of misunderstanding.
853
00:58:41,768 --> 00:58:43,436
[in German] Hail to victory!
854
00:58:43,520 --> 00:58:45,396
- [crowd chanting]
- [somber music playing]
855
00:58:51,361 --> 00:58:54,280
[Einstein in English]
Since they massacred my Jewish brethren,
856
00:58:54,364 --> 00:58:57,408
I will have nothing further to do
with Germans.
857
00:59:01,621 --> 00:59:02,497
[firing]
858
00:59:04,874 --> 00:59:06,459
[announcer 1] April 1945.
859
00:59:08,169 --> 00:59:11,798
The Soviet Army launches
its final assault on Hitler's forces,
860
00:59:11,881 --> 00:59:16,135
encircling Berlin
and closing in on the Führer's bunker.
861
00:59:16,219 --> 00:59:17,595
[firing]
862
00:59:21,307 --> 00:59:22,517
[firing]
863
00:59:23,393 --> 00:59:26,604
Hopelessly defeated,
Hitler takes his own life
864
00:59:26,688 --> 00:59:28,690
with a single gunshot to the head.
865
00:59:29,274 --> 00:59:31,317
- [gun fires]
- [somber music playing]
866
00:59:35,863 --> 00:59:37,782
[announcer 2] The war in Europe is won,
867
00:59:37,865 --> 00:59:41,452
but US-led forces continue
their search for a decisive end
868
00:59:41,536 --> 00:59:43,037
to the war with Japan.
869
00:59:44,122 --> 00:59:48,459
- [man] Five, four, three, two, one.
- [speaking German]
870
00:59:50,503 --> 00:59:52,755
[announcer]
After years of scientific endeavor,
871
00:59:52,839 --> 00:59:56,134
the Manhattan Project
has delivered an atomic bomb.
872
00:59:56,217 --> 00:59:58,219
[somber music continues]
873
01:00:03,975 --> 01:00:06,269
Alamogordo in the New Mexico desert.
874
01:00:06,352 --> 01:00:07,770
The first atomic test.
875
01:00:08,730 --> 01:00:11,482
It's a terrifying prelude
to the onslaught that awaits
876
01:00:11,566 --> 01:00:14,527
the unsuspecting citizens of Hiroshima.
877
01:00:18,281 --> 01:00:20,491
[pilot] Height approximately 32,000 feet.
878
01:00:20,992 --> 01:00:25,622
Course, 265 degrees magnetic.
Air speed, 250 knots.
879
01:00:27,165 --> 01:00:29,000
Am approaching target area.
880
01:00:29,083 --> 01:00:32,003
Cloud cover less than three-tens
at all altitudes.
881
01:00:32,503 --> 01:00:34,172
Immediate target area clear.
882
01:00:35,757 --> 01:00:39,969
[pilot speaking indistinctly]
883
01:00:47,143 --> 01:00:49,562
- [pilot speaks indistinctly]
- [tense music playing]
884
01:00:54,442 --> 01:00:56,194
[children laughing]
885
01:01:08,539 --> 01:01:10,541
[film rolling]
886
01:01:16,589 --> 01:01:18,591
[melancholic music playing]
887
01:01:19,217 --> 01:01:20,510
[Truman] A short time ago,
888
01:01:20,593 --> 01:01:25,306
{\an8}an American airplane
dropped one bomb on Hiroshima.
889
01:01:27,517 --> 01:01:30,978
What has been done
is the greatest achievement
890
01:01:31,062 --> 01:01:33,606
of organized science in history.
891
01:01:39,112 --> 01:01:41,114
[clock ticking]
892
01:01:44,909 --> 01:01:47,036
[melancholic music continues]
893
01:02:01,968 --> 01:02:06,055
[announcer] The first atomic bomb heralded
the dawn of a troubling new era.
894
01:02:07,056 --> 01:02:08,182
In a single stroke,
895
01:02:08,266 --> 01:02:12,937
the Japanese city of Hiroshima
and some 70,000 men, women, and children
896
01:02:13,020 --> 01:02:14,021
were annihilated.
897
01:02:15,648 --> 01:02:16,524
In the years since,
898
01:02:16,607 --> 01:02:19,902
that momentous event
has come under increasing scrutiny.
899
01:02:21,571 --> 01:02:24,824
Was the bomb a price
worth paying for peace?
900
01:02:25,992 --> 01:02:27,994
[typewriter clacking]
901
01:02:38,045 --> 01:02:40,047
[melancholic music continues]
902
01:02:43,760 --> 01:02:45,052
[Hara] My dear Professor.
903
01:02:49,724 --> 01:02:53,561
At present,
the Japanese people are keenly conscious
904
01:02:53,644 --> 01:02:56,272
of their own responsibility
for the last war.
905
01:02:56,814 --> 01:03:00,902
And are showing
sincere repentance for their crime.
906
01:03:04,113 --> 01:03:05,531
[tense music playing]
907
01:03:16,542 --> 01:03:20,004
Recently, years since
the termination of the war,
908
01:03:20,755 --> 01:03:23,800
the Japanese people
have come for the first time
909
01:03:23,883 --> 01:03:26,636
face-to-face with the annihilating effects
910
01:03:27,178 --> 01:03:28,262
of an atomic bomb.
911
01:03:30,056 --> 01:03:31,641
[gulps, inhales]
912
01:03:31,724 --> 01:03:34,268
And now, we ask you, Professor Einstein,
913
01:03:35,019 --> 01:03:36,103
why science,
914
01:03:36,187 --> 01:03:40,107
whose primary aim is but to serve
the welfare and happiness of mankind,
915
01:03:40,608 --> 01:03:44,654
should have been instrumental
in producing such horrible results?
916
01:03:45,279 --> 01:03:46,113
[gasps]
917
01:03:46,197 --> 01:03:50,993
I do not consider myself the father
of the release of atomic energy.
918
01:03:51,077 --> 01:03:53,287
My part in it was quite indirect.
919
01:03:53,371 --> 01:03:56,749
In view of the fact
that you played an important role
920
01:03:56,833 --> 01:03:58,918
in the production of the atomic bombs?
921
01:03:59,001 --> 01:04:02,547
My sole contribution was that in 1905,
922
01:04:02,630 --> 01:04:06,884
I established the relationship
between mass and energy.
923
01:04:09,345 --> 01:04:14,225
I believed only that atomic energy
was theoretically possible.
924
01:04:16,477 --> 01:04:20,940
I did not, in fact,
foresee that atomic energy
925
01:04:21,023 --> 01:04:22,942
would be released in my time.
926
01:04:25,069 --> 01:04:26,070
[sighs]
927
01:04:30,032 --> 01:04:31,117
[typewriter clacking]
928
01:04:35,121 --> 01:04:36,914
[typewriter clacking]
929
01:04:40,418 --> 01:04:41,419
[typewriter clacking]
930
01:04:44,088 --> 01:04:46,340
[hesitates]
931
01:04:46,424 --> 01:04:51,095
I made one great mistake in my life.
932
01:04:54,181 --> 01:04:56,726
When I signed that letter
to President Roosevelt.
933
01:05:04,692 --> 01:05:08,613
The likelihood that the Germans
were working on the same problem
934
01:05:08,696 --> 01:05:14,076
with every prospect of success
forced me to take this step.
935
01:05:23,669 --> 01:05:25,671
[bomb explodes]
936
01:05:46,317 --> 01:05:50,071
[melancholic music playing]
937
01:06:14,220 --> 01:06:17,431
[Einstein] Had I known
that the Germans would not succeed
938
01:06:17,515 --> 01:06:19,976
in producing an atomic bomb,
939
01:06:21,268 --> 01:06:25,815
I would not have taken part
in opening that Pandora's box.
940
01:06:31,570 --> 01:06:33,823
I never would have lifted a finger.
941
01:06:40,538 --> 01:06:41,789
[exhales]
942
01:06:47,712 --> 01:06:50,089
Before the raid on Hiroshima,
943
01:06:50,172 --> 01:06:53,467
leading physicists
urged the War Department
944
01:06:53,551 --> 01:06:58,097
not to use the bomb
against defenseless women and children.
945
01:06:59,056 --> 01:07:01,976
[tense music playing]
946
01:07:02,059 --> 01:07:06,272
Had we shown other nations
the test explosion of New Mexico,
947
01:07:07,023 --> 01:07:10,901
we could have used it
to make proposals for world order.
948
01:07:10,985 --> 01:07:12,278
To end war.
949
01:07:16,240 --> 01:07:19,035
The physicists who participated in forging
950
01:07:19,618 --> 01:07:23,789
the most formidable
and dangerous weapon of all time
951
01:07:23,873 --> 01:07:27,752
are harassed
by an equal feeling of responsibility,
952
01:07:28,335 --> 01:07:29,795
not to say guilt.
953
01:07:32,048 --> 01:07:33,090
[crowd cheering]
954
01:07:33,174 --> 01:07:37,720
We delivered this weapon into the hands
of the Americans and the British people
955
01:07:38,387 --> 01:07:41,557
as trustees of the whole mankind,
956
01:07:41,640 --> 01:07:44,185
as fighters for peace and liberty.
957
01:07:46,270 --> 01:07:47,646
But so far,
958
01:07:47,730 --> 01:07:50,608
we fail to see any guarantee of peace
959
01:07:52,151 --> 01:07:55,404
or the freedoms
that were promised to the nations.
960
01:07:59,116 --> 01:08:01,118
[melancholic music playing]
961
01:08:04,371 --> 01:08:08,000
The situation calls
for a courageous effort.
962
01:08:09,585 --> 01:08:14,799
For a radical change in our whole attitude
963
01:08:14,882 --> 01:08:18,219
in the entire political concept.
964
01:08:20,846 --> 01:08:21,680
Otherwise,
965
01:08:22,973 --> 01:08:25,226
human civilization will be doomed.
966
01:08:27,103 --> 01:08:28,187
The war is won.
967
01:08:29,605 --> 01:08:30,689
The peace is not.
968
01:08:35,528 --> 01:08:38,114
[film rolling]
969
01:08:38,697 --> 01:08:40,533
[announcer 1]
President Truman's dramatic announcement
970
01:08:40,616 --> 01:08:43,119
that Russia has created
an atomic explosion
971
01:08:43,202 --> 01:08:45,454
sends reporters racing
for Flushing Meadow,
972
01:08:45,538 --> 01:08:48,499
where Russia's Vyshinsky
arrives to address the United Nations.
973
01:08:48,582 --> 01:08:50,501
Mr. Vyshinsky, have you got any statement...
974
01:08:50,584 --> 01:08:54,130
- Please, excuse me.
- Does Russia have the atomic bomb?
975
01:08:56,132 --> 01:08:57,842
[bomb exploding]
976
01:08:57,925 --> 01:09:00,594
[announcer 2] A crack, a blast.
977
01:09:00,678 --> 01:09:03,430
The release of deadly radioactive rain.
978
01:09:03,514 --> 01:09:07,935
And in a matter of seconds,
downtown New York would be a massive ruin.
979
01:09:08,644 --> 01:09:11,480
[typewriter clacking]
980
01:09:12,314 --> 01:09:13,899
Our country is at war.
981
01:09:13,983 --> 01:09:18,028
A war declared against us
by the rulers of international communism.
982
01:09:18,612 --> 01:09:20,698
[announcer 3] This constitutes
the greatest crisis
983
01:09:20,781 --> 01:09:22,449
in the history of America.
984
01:09:22,533 --> 01:09:26,704
[announcer 4] There are signs
that the Kremlin is already intensifying
985
01:09:26,787 --> 01:09:28,581
its use of another weapon.
986
01:09:29,081 --> 01:09:30,624
Communist propaganda.
987
01:09:31,584 --> 01:09:35,629
We are in the midst
of a continuing struggle
988
01:09:35,713 --> 01:09:37,506
for the minds of men.
989
01:09:39,550 --> 01:09:41,468
[sighs]
990
01:09:41,552 --> 01:09:44,513
The German calamity
of years ago repeats itself.
991
01:09:46,640 --> 01:09:48,809
People act fierce without resistance
992
01:09:49,560 --> 01:09:52,771
and align themselves
with the forces of evil.
993
01:09:54,648 --> 01:09:57,443
How long should we tolerate politicians
994
01:09:58,277 --> 01:10:03,449
hungry for power or trying to gain
political advantage in such a way?
995
01:10:04,742 --> 01:10:06,827
[tense music playing]
996
01:10:06,911 --> 01:10:10,956
It is strange that science,
which in the old days seemed harmless,
997
01:10:11,040 --> 01:10:14,877
should have evolved into a nightmare
that causes everyone to tremble.
998
01:10:14,960 --> 01:10:16,962
- [bomb exploding]
- [clock ticking]
999
01:10:19,965 --> 01:10:22,843
One thing I have learned in a long life
1000
01:10:22,927 --> 01:10:27,598
is that all our science
measured against reality is childlike.
1001
01:10:31,352 --> 01:10:35,105
And yet,
it is the most precious thing we have.
1002
01:10:46,242 --> 01:10:50,329
Science is not,
and never will be, a closed book.
1003
01:10:52,331 --> 01:10:55,960
Every important advance
brings new questions.
1004
01:10:57,753 --> 01:11:01,006
But the years
of anxious searching in the dark
1005
01:11:01,090 --> 01:11:03,842
and the final emergence into the light,
1006
01:11:05,261 --> 01:11:09,431
only those who have experienced it
can understand.
1007
01:11:11,892 --> 01:11:14,019
We must not condemn man
1008
01:11:14,103 --> 01:11:16,855
because his conquest
of the forces of nature
1009
01:11:16,939 --> 01:11:19,858
are being exploited
for destructive purposes.
1010
01:11:20,776 --> 01:11:23,112
Rather, the fate of mankind
1011
01:11:23,821 --> 01:11:28,242
hinges entirely upon
man's moral development.
1012
01:11:32,413 --> 01:11:34,915
[music ends]
1013
01:11:34,999 --> 01:11:38,127
[exhales, inhales]
1014
01:11:48,846 --> 01:11:50,848
[melancholic music playing]
1015
01:11:55,811 --> 01:11:57,813
[typewriter clacking]
1016
01:12:07,698 --> 01:12:09,700
[clock ticking]
1017
01:12:25,758 --> 01:12:28,510
[typewriter clacking]
1018
01:12:32,056 --> 01:12:33,599
[indistinct chatter]
1019
01:12:34,767 --> 01:12:36,477
[Einstein] Dear posterity,
1020
01:12:37,686 --> 01:12:40,189
if you have not become more just
1021
01:12:41,398 --> 01:12:44,735
or peaceful and generally more rational
1022
01:12:44,818 --> 01:12:46,612
than we are or were,
1023
01:12:47,613 --> 01:12:49,740
then may the devil take you.
1024
01:12:51,158 --> 01:12:53,994
I am, or was,
1025
01:12:55,287 --> 01:12:57,873
your Albert Einstein.
1026
01:12:57,956 --> 01:13:04,129
[film rolling, stops]
1027
01:13:11,053 --> 01:13:13,055
[instrumental music playing]
1028
01:14:18,036 --> 01:14:20,038
[instrumental music intensifies]
1029
01:15:41,119 --> 01:15:44,998
[instrumental music ends]