1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:01:22,665 --> 00:01:24,751 It was a dream. 4 00:01:24,751 --> 00:01:26,753 It was a treasure hunt. 5 00:01:28,505 --> 00:01:30,423 But I don't think that Shackleton thought 6 00:01:30,423 --> 00:01:32,842 anything about the material side. 7 00:01:33,468 --> 00:01:36,304 What the treasure can buy isn't the answer. 8 00:01:36,971 --> 00:01:39,474 It's the finding of it, 9 00:01:39,474 --> 00:01:41,351 the looking for it. 10 00:01:43,561 --> 00:01:45,522 Shackleton once wrote to his wife, 11 00:01:45,522 --> 00:01:47,398 said that he cannot describe the excitement 12 00:01:47,398 --> 00:01:49,275 of seeing places and things 13 00:01:49,275 --> 00:01:50,944 that no human's ever seen before. 14 00:01:55,865 --> 00:01:57,200 Beloved. 15 00:01:57,200 --> 00:01:58,660 This will be my last letter 16 00:01:58,660 --> 00:02:01,496 before I go south into the unknown. 17 00:02:02,705 --> 00:02:06,126 I have not the slightest doubt that we will get through. 18 00:02:07,961 --> 00:02:10,130 Why we go, I cannot say. 19 00:02:10,880 --> 00:02:14,259 What the impelling force is that makes explorers, 20 00:02:14,259 --> 00:02:15,844 I cannot describe. 21 00:02:28,523 --> 00:02:32,068 January the 21st, 1915. 22 00:02:32,068 --> 00:02:34,821 Our position is disquieting. 23 00:02:35,530 --> 00:02:37,991 The fall in temperature caused the small pools 24 00:02:37,991 --> 00:02:40,118 around the ship to congeal. 25 00:02:40,118 --> 00:02:43,496 It looks as though there was a possibility of us freezing in 26 00:02:43,496 --> 00:02:46,374 and becoming part of the floes that menace us. 27 00:02:49,419 --> 00:02:51,337 Each step taken into the unknown 28 00:02:51,337 --> 00:02:53,548 unfolds a page of mystery. 29 00:02:54,757 --> 00:02:57,969 And as long as there is any mystery on this globe, 30 00:02:57,969 --> 00:02:59,554 it is not only man's right, 31 00:02:59,554 --> 00:03:02,515 but his duty to try to unravel it. 32 00:03:05,894 --> 00:03:07,979 The idea of exploration, 33 00:03:07,979 --> 00:03:09,147 going for the prize, 34 00:03:09,147 --> 00:03:11,733 and then taking one step beyond, 35 00:03:11,733 --> 00:03:12,901 is in all of us. 36 00:03:16,237 --> 00:03:17,447 We could hear 37 00:03:17,447 --> 00:03:18,698 her beam snapping, 38 00:03:18,698 --> 00:03:20,700 broken as easily as matchsticks 39 00:03:20,700 --> 00:03:23,703 by the irresistible strength of the ice. 40 00:03:28,499 --> 00:03:31,211 I like doing what's never been done before. 41 00:03:32,003 --> 00:03:33,379 As Shackleton said, 42 00:03:33,379 --> 00:03:36,799 difficulties are just things to overcome. 43 00:03:44,766 --> 00:03:45,934 As long as we can come out 44 00:03:45,934 --> 00:03:48,061 of this predicament with our lives, 45 00:03:48,061 --> 00:03:49,729 we shall not grumble. 46 00:03:51,648 --> 00:03:54,609 And please, God, we will succeed. 47 00:04:58,089 --> 00:05:00,091 - Morning, Nico. - Morning, Mensun. 48 00:05:02,343 --> 00:05:04,012 Lasse. 49 00:05:04,679 --> 00:05:05,930 Well, it's amazing, I mean, 50 00:05:05,930 --> 00:05:07,348 it was taken from space. 51 00:05:08,141 --> 00:05:10,560 When we have sunny weather, we can get the optical imagery 52 00:05:10,560 --> 00:05:13,354 which is super helpful for navigation. 53 00:05:19,360 --> 00:05:22,196 {\an8}Probably, we will move on this area 54 00:05:22,196 --> 00:05:23,781 because we are already here. 55 00:05:29,245 --> 00:05:31,956 We've got to provide all the support we can 56 00:05:31,956 --> 00:05:33,499 to the AUV guys. 57 00:05:33,499 --> 00:05:35,960 {\an8}They are gonna be working 24/7 58 00:05:35,960 --> 00:05:38,588 {\an8}flat out to survey that search box. 59 00:05:38,588 --> 00:05:40,757 We've only got 12 days. 60 00:05:40,757 --> 00:05:42,091 If the weather holds up, 61 00:05:42,091 --> 00:05:44,677 we may be able to get a 10-day extension. 62 00:05:44,677 --> 00:05:48,514 But we have to get out before the ice reforms and refreezes. 63 00:05:52,727 --> 00:05:54,812 We are near the latitude and longitude, 64 00:05:54,812 --> 00:05:57,857 given by Worsley, the captain of Endurance, 65 00:05:57,857 --> 00:06:00,151 as the place where he estimates Endurance sank. 66 00:06:00,151 --> 00:06:03,279 Success awaits. Dive one, boys. Let's go. 67 00:06:19,379 --> 00:06:21,464 The Endurance is the most storied wreck 68 00:06:21,464 --> 00:06:23,007 of all time, 69 00:06:23,007 --> 00:06:25,259 perhaps even more so than the Titanic, 70 00:06:25,259 --> 00:06:29,097 which went down only two years before the Endurance set sail. 71 00:06:30,181 --> 00:06:32,850 {\an8}I've been working on shipwrecks all over the world, 72 00:06:32,850 --> 00:06:35,770 {\an8}from South China Sea in the east 73 00:06:35,770 --> 00:06:38,439 {\an8}to Caribbean in the west. 74 00:06:38,439 --> 00:06:40,983 Shipwrecks of all kinds, all periods. 75 00:06:41,609 --> 00:06:42,985 {\an8}The wreck of an ancient Greek ship 76 00:06:42,985 --> 00:06:45,947 {\an8}found inside a live volcano off the coast of Sicily 77 00:06:45,947 --> 00:06:48,116 {\an8}could prove one of the greatest finds of the century. 78 00:06:49,450 --> 00:06:52,995 A shipwreck is, is just this huge artifact. 79 00:06:53,663 --> 00:06:54,747 It's all there. 80 00:06:54,747 --> 00:06:57,667 I mean, the best time capsules 81 00:06:57,667 --> 00:06:59,710 in the world are shipwrecks... 82 00:07:01,462 --> 00:07:03,840 {\an8}and shipwrecks are all about people. 83 00:07:05,591 --> 00:07:07,468 This is, um, Frank Worsley. 84 00:07:07,468 --> 00:07:09,470 He was the captain of the Endurance 85 00:07:09,470 --> 00:07:12,473 and, uh, Harry McNish, the carpenter, 86 00:07:12,473 --> 00:07:15,935 James Wordie, the geologist, Greenstreet. 87 00:07:15,935 --> 00:07:17,603 So it's all to do with their diaries. 88 00:07:17,603 --> 00:07:18,771 The story of Shackleton 89 00:07:18,771 --> 00:07:21,065 is really to be told in the diaries. 90 00:07:21,065 --> 00:07:24,068 I've read all the diaries and most of them are not published. 91 00:07:24,777 --> 00:07:27,822 This is first book I ever read about Shackleton. 92 00:07:27,822 --> 00:07:29,574 I... it's-it's... I carry it with me. 93 00:07:29,574 --> 00:07:33,077 It was a prize book that was given to me for, 94 00:07:33,077 --> 00:07:36,831 believe it or not, attendance at Sunday School. 95 00:07:38,833 --> 00:07:40,668 Growing up in the Falkland Islands 96 00:07:40,668 --> 00:07:42,670 felt like the continent of Antarctica 97 00:07:42,670 --> 00:07:44,589 was my backyard, 98 00:07:44,589 --> 00:07:47,008 just several hundred miles away. 99 00:07:50,595 --> 00:07:52,346 The great man himself, the boss, 100 00:07:53,097 --> 00:07:54,348 Shackleton. 101 00:07:54,348 --> 00:07:55,850 And I carry this with me. 102 00:07:58,060 --> 00:07:59,353 All good. 103 00:08:04,275 --> 00:08:05,693 Yeah, all good. 104 00:08:09,238 --> 00:08:10,490 Uh, good luck with this, Dan, 105 00:08:10,490 --> 00:08:12,492 but is this a needle in a haystack? 106 00:08:12,492 --> 00:08:13,993 How, how optimistic are you? 107 00:08:13,993 --> 00:08:17,455 {\an8}Well, I-I think it is a needle in a haystack. 108 00:08:17,455 --> 00:08:18,956 {\an8}It's at 3,000 meters 109 00:08:18,956 --> 00:08:21,292 {\an8}beneath the surface of the Weddell Sea. 110 00:08:21,292 --> 00:08:22,793 The Weddell Sea is one of the hardest places 111 00:08:22,793 --> 00:08:23,878 on earth to operate. 112 00:08:23,878 --> 00:08:26,464 The hope is, we do find the shipwreck, 113 00:08:26,464 --> 00:08:27,757 the Endurance shipwreck, 114 00:08:27,757 --> 00:08:30,092 {\an8}and it connects us to an incredible story. 115 00:08:30,092 --> 00:08:31,802 {\an8}It's probably the most isolated, 116 00:08:31,802 --> 00:08:33,679 {\an8}the most difficult shipwreck on earth to find. 117 00:08:33,679 --> 00:08:37,391 So this expedition is really on the frontiers 118 00:08:37,391 --> 00:08:39,519 of science and geography. 119 00:08:39,519 --> 00:08:41,896 My job is to try and spread the story 120 00:08:41,896 --> 00:08:43,648 of what's being done here on the Agulhas 121 00:08:43,648 --> 00:08:44,815 all over the world. 122 00:08:45,441 --> 00:08:48,194 It's to channel the spirit of Shackleton and Hurley, 123 00:08:48,194 --> 00:08:50,821 his photographer, to tell the world what they were doing. 124 00:08:50,821 --> 00:08:52,657 But use modern platforms and tools, 125 00:08:52,657 --> 00:08:54,283 like the internet, like social media. 126 00:08:55,618 --> 00:08:56,827 {\an8}We're still talking about Shackleton 127 00:08:56,827 --> 00:08:59,038 {\an8}because this is the greatest tale of survival, 128 00:08:59,038 --> 00:09:01,249 {\an8}of leadership, of teamwork in history. 129 00:09:02,833 --> 00:09:04,752 And it's a story about failure. 130 00:09:10,508 --> 00:09:12,843 This was the great age of exploration. 131 00:09:13,511 --> 00:09:16,514 We hadn't descended to the deepest depths of the ocean. 132 00:09:16,514 --> 00:09:19,934 We hadn't yet climbed the highest mountain of the world. 133 00:09:20,893 --> 00:09:22,687 Polar explorers in this period 134 00:09:22,687 --> 00:09:24,647 were global celebrities. 135 00:09:24,647 --> 00:09:26,148 They were the rock stars. 136 00:09:28,526 --> 00:09:31,404 Shackleton was on four expeditions 137 00:09:31,404 --> 00:09:33,447 to the Antarctic. 138 00:09:33,447 --> 00:09:35,449 He found himself in 1901 139 00:09:35,449 --> 00:09:38,744 as the third officer on Scott's great expedition, 140 00:09:38,744 --> 00:09:40,913 the Discovery expedition. 141 00:09:42,123 --> 00:09:43,124 Shackleton must've been 142 00:09:43,124 --> 00:09:45,459 a very special character even then, 143 00:09:45,459 --> 00:09:47,670 in his 20s, to persuade Scott, 144 00:09:47,670 --> 00:09:49,714 {\an8}as a Royal Navy officer, to take this man 145 00:09:49,714 --> 00:09:51,424 {\an8}from the merchant marine with him, 146 00:09:51,424 --> 00:09:52,883 {\an8}all the way to the Antarctic. 147 00:09:53,676 --> 00:09:55,428 They suffered terribly. 148 00:09:55,428 --> 00:09:57,930 They got back by the skin of their teeth. 149 00:09:57,930 --> 00:10:01,350 Shackleton in particular was in a very bad way. 150 00:10:02,727 --> 00:10:04,895 Shackleton is sent back 151 00:10:04,895 --> 00:10:06,564 as an invalid to the UK, 152 00:10:06,564 --> 00:10:09,358 which he was terribly embarrassed by. 153 00:10:10,026 --> 00:10:12,278 He never forgot or forgave Scott 154 00:10:12,278 --> 00:10:15,156 for invaliding him out of Antarctica. 155 00:10:17,742 --> 00:10:20,411 But Shackleton was able, in 1907, 156 00:10:20,411 --> 00:10:22,455 to secure enough funding for his own expedition 157 00:10:22,455 --> 00:10:25,416 to Antarctica, called the Nimrod Expedition. 158 00:10:25,416 --> 00:10:28,628 Again, he was trying to get to the South Pole, 159 00:10:28,628 --> 00:10:31,672 and he got to within 97 miles. 160 00:10:32,506 --> 00:10:35,926 He could've taken the prize, but he didn't 161 00:10:35,926 --> 00:10:39,930 because he knew if he went that last bit of distance, 162 00:10:39,930 --> 00:10:43,100 that men under him would've died. 163 00:10:44,852 --> 00:10:46,479 {\an8}I cannot think of failure. 164 00:10:47,229 --> 00:10:50,024 {\an8}Yet I must look at the matter sensibly 165 00:10:50,024 --> 00:10:52,276 {\an8}and the lives of those who are with me. 166 00:10:53,527 --> 00:10:55,821 It must have been a very difficult decision 167 00:10:55,821 --> 00:10:57,281 for him to have made. 168 00:11:02,078 --> 00:11:03,954 {\an8}After the conquest of the South Pole 169 00:11:03,954 --> 00:11:05,122 {\an8}by Amundsen, 170 00:11:05,122 --> 00:11:07,625 {\an8}who, by a narrow margin of days only, 171 00:11:07,625 --> 00:11:11,295 was in advance of the British expedition under Scott, 172 00:11:11,295 --> 00:11:13,631 there remained but one great main object 173 00:11:13,631 --> 00:11:15,341 of Antarctic journeys: 174 00:11:15,341 --> 00:11:17,718 the crossing of the South Polar continent 175 00:11:17,718 --> 00:11:19,387 from sea to sea. 176 00:11:20,096 --> 00:11:22,473 Shackleton managed to convince enough people 177 00:11:22,473 --> 00:11:25,351 {\an8}the greatest Antarctic journey was yet to be done. 178 00:11:25,351 --> 00:11:26,977 {\an8}People might have reached the South Pole. 179 00:11:26,977 --> 00:11:28,896 {\an8}But the greatest journey was crossing 180 00:11:28,896 --> 00:11:30,189 {\an8}the Antarctic continent 181 00:11:30,189 --> 00:11:32,191 {\an8}from one side to the other. 182 00:11:34,819 --> 00:11:36,612 Shackleton then found his ship. 183 00:11:37,822 --> 00:11:39,532 The Endurance was built in Norway 184 00:11:39,532 --> 00:11:42,243 between 1911 and 1913. 185 00:11:43,577 --> 00:11:45,830 When Shackleton purchased the ship, 186 00:11:45,830 --> 00:11:48,165 he changed her name to Endurance 187 00:11:48,165 --> 00:11:51,001 because it reflected his family motto: 188 00:11:51,001 --> 00:11:53,212 "By endurance we conquer." 189 00:11:54,964 --> 00:11:56,966 He then assembled a crew. 190 00:11:56,966 --> 00:11:59,135 Shackleton just sent a letter to the newspaper. 191 00:11:59,135 --> 00:12:01,512 And he would say, anyone's able to apply. 192 00:12:01,512 --> 00:12:04,849 He got 5,000 applicants, including three women. 193 00:12:04,849 --> 00:12:06,517 Some were scientists who wanted to take part 194 00:12:06,517 --> 00:12:08,936 in the kind of scientific elements of the expedition. 195 00:12:08,936 --> 00:12:10,730 Some were sailors. 196 00:12:14,316 --> 00:12:16,861 I had joined the expedition by accident. 197 00:12:17,653 --> 00:12:20,114 {\an8}One night, I dreamed that Burlington Street 198 00:12:20,114 --> 00:12:21,574 {\an8}was full of ice blocks 199 00:12:21,574 --> 00:12:25,035 {\an8}and that I was navigating a ship along it. 200 00:12:25,035 --> 00:12:26,620 {\an8}An absurd dream. 201 00:12:27,413 --> 00:12:29,290 {\an8}But sailors are superstitious. 202 00:12:29,290 --> 00:12:31,167 {\an8}And when I woke up next morning, 203 00:12:31,167 --> 00:12:33,335 {\an8}I hurried down Burlington Street. 204 00:12:34,128 --> 00:12:36,130 A sign on the door post caught my eye. 205 00:12:36,756 --> 00:12:41,260 It bore the words "Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition." 206 00:12:42,303 --> 00:12:46,682 I turned into the building. Shackleton was there. 207 00:12:46,682 --> 00:12:48,601 The moment I set eyes on him, 208 00:12:48,601 --> 00:12:50,269 I knew that he was a man 209 00:12:50,269 --> 00:12:53,147 with whom I should be proud to work. 210 00:12:54,356 --> 00:12:55,900 He took one scientist, 211 00:12:55,900 --> 00:12:57,568 a meteorologist who had just returned 212 00:12:57,568 --> 00:12:59,195 from an expedition to Sudan. 213 00:12:59,195 --> 00:13:00,863 There was one small matter 214 00:13:00,863 --> 00:13:02,490 about which I was concerned: 215 00:13:02,490 --> 00:13:05,075 {\an8}it was whether I should take my banjo with me. 216 00:13:05,075 --> 00:13:08,662 {\an8}His reply was emphatic. "Certainly," he said. 217 00:13:08,662 --> 00:13:11,332 {\an8}So my banjo, the same one on which I had played 218 00:13:11,332 --> 00:13:15,127 {\an8}to the audience in the Sudan, formed part of my baggage. 219 00:13:17,838 --> 00:13:20,090 He didn't require any Antarctic experience. 220 00:13:20,090 --> 00:13:23,010 He took one guy because he said he looked funny. 221 00:13:24,053 --> 00:13:25,471 He was looking for character. 222 00:13:25,471 --> 00:13:27,765 He was looking for toughness and versatility. 223 00:13:30,434 --> 00:13:32,311 So Shackleton ended up with a crew 224 00:13:32,311 --> 00:13:34,021 of 28 men, including himself, 225 00:13:34,021 --> 00:13:36,649 lots and lots of dogs to pull sleds, 226 00:13:36,649 --> 00:13:38,943 which no one ever had any experience of doing. 227 00:13:38,943 --> 00:13:40,110 And a cat. 228 00:13:40,110 --> 00:13:41,862 On the other side of Antarctica, 229 00:13:41,862 --> 00:13:43,614 he was sending another ship. 230 00:13:43,614 --> 00:13:47,034 And they were gonna try and lay food dumps 231 00:13:47,034 --> 00:13:49,119 so that Shackleton and his men could pick them up 232 00:13:49,119 --> 00:13:50,412 and avoid starvation 233 00:13:50,412 --> 00:13:52,540 as they made the second half of their journey. 234 00:13:58,796 --> 00:14:02,049 It was the very eve of World War I. 235 00:14:02,675 --> 00:14:04,134 {\an8}He did offer his ship 236 00:14:04,134 --> 00:14:06,887 {\an8}and its crew to the service of the nation. 237 00:14:06,887 --> 00:14:09,139 {\an8}He sent a telegram to Churchill, 238 00:14:09,139 --> 00:14:10,724 but Churchill replied, 239 00:14:10,724 --> 00:14:13,102 "proceed," and he did. 240 00:14:30,494 --> 00:14:31,662 {\an8}The Endurance arrived 241 00:14:31,662 --> 00:14:34,748 {\an8}at Grytviken Whaling Station in South Georgia 242 00:14:34,748 --> 00:14:37,543 {\an8}on 5th of November, 1914. 243 00:14:38,210 --> 00:14:39,837 {\an8}The whaling captains at South Georgia 244 00:14:39,837 --> 00:14:43,841 {\an8}confirmed the extreme severity of the ice conditions. 245 00:14:45,426 --> 00:14:47,344 The whaling skippers advised us 246 00:14:47,344 --> 00:14:50,681 to delay our start as late as possible. 247 00:14:51,974 --> 00:14:54,351 Shackleton ignored that advice. 248 00:14:54,351 --> 00:14:55,728 He couldn't return home. 249 00:14:55,728 --> 00:14:57,062 There was a war on, 250 00:14:57,062 --> 00:14:59,940 he'd lose his crew, he'd lose his funding. 251 00:14:59,940 --> 00:15:01,609 He didn't have the reputation 252 00:15:01,609 --> 00:15:03,569 that would survive another failure. 253 00:15:04,403 --> 00:15:08,782 And I think he dragged his men down there on a doomed quest 254 00:15:09,325 --> 00:15:11,493 because he couldn't bear to go home. 255 00:15:16,290 --> 00:15:18,167 {\an8}Shackleton left South Georgia 256 00:15:18,167 --> 00:15:19,752 {\an8}on the 5th of December. 257 00:15:20,461 --> 00:15:22,379 {\an8}Two to three days after leaving, 258 00:15:22,379 --> 00:15:24,214 {\an8}they were in the ice. 259 00:15:24,214 --> 00:15:27,718 {\an8}The ice conditions that year were very bad indeed. 260 00:15:27,718 --> 00:15:31,096 {\an8}They headed down towards the shore of the Weddell Sea. 261 00:15:31,096 --> 00:15:33,807 {\an8}Ice conditions got worse and worse. 262 00:15:34,558 --> 00:15:36,435 {\an8}They got to within a hundred miles, 263 00:15:36,435 --> 00:15:38,896 {\an8}or one day's sailing, from their destination, 264 00:15:38,896 --> 00:15:40,230 {\an8}of Vahsel Bay. 265 00:15:40,230 --> 00:15:42,316 {\an8}But then, on the 18th, 266 00:15:42,316 --> 00:15:44,318 {\an8}they became ice-bound. 267 00:15:45,611 --> 00:15:47,529 {\an8}His expedition had failed. 268 00:15:47,529 --> 00:15:50,282 {\an8}He wanted to walk across Antarctica. 269 00:15:50,282 --> 00:15:52,493 {\an8}He hadn't even set foot on Antarctica. 270 00:16:02,920 --> 00:16:05,464 {\an8}There you can see just on the horizon there, can't you? 271 00:16:05,464 --> 00:16:07,633 {\an8}- Yeah. - So there's a lot of sea ice 272 00:16:07,633 --> 00:16:08,884 over there then. 273 00:16:08,884 --> 00:16:10,177 Yes. 274 00:16:14,723 --> 00:16:17,351 It's now minus eight degrees, 275 00:16:17,351 --> 00:16:19,186 and you can see looking at the open patches 276 00:16:19,186 --> 00:16:20,270 that it is hardening up. 277 00:16:20,270 --> 00:16:21,605 The ice gets all hard, 278 00:16:21,605 --> 00:16:25,359 and old and gnarled and mixed and hummocked, 279 00:16:25,359 --> 00:16:28,737 and at that stage, we are struggling. 280 00:16:30,572 --> 00:16:33,867 And for me, it's a make-or-break situation. 281 00:16:36,161 --> 00:16:38,956 Mensun Bound is a legend. 282 00:16:38,956 --> 00:16:42,584 He is one of the world's greatest marine archeologists. 283 00:16:42,584 --> 00:16:44,378 But at this point, he doesn't want 284 00:16:44,378 --> 00:16:46,380 his career to end in failure. 285 00:16:48,215 --> 00:16:49,925 We tried once before. 286 00:16:51,218 --> 00:16:54,138 {\an8}In 2019, 287 00:16:54,722 --> 00:16:57,307 we came to Antarctica to search for the Endurance. 288 00:16:57,307 --> 00:16:59,810 ...we're within its range. 289 00:16:59,810 --> 00:17:04,023 It felt like, you know, my whole life had been, 290 00:17:04,023 --> 00:17:06,859 uh, converging upon that moment. 291 00:17:06,859 --> 00:17:08,360 {\an8}It was an incredible feeling. 292 00:17:08,360 --> 00:17:11,530 {\an8}The excitement, the... exhilaration. 293 00:17:12,322 --> 00:17:15,659 And then of course, it all went wrong. 294 00:17:18,787 --> 00:17:20,831 We actually got to the wreck site, much to my amazement, 295 00:17:20,831 --> 00:17:23,584 because we had very, very tough, uh, ice conditions. 296 00:17:23,584 --> 00:17:25,836 We managed to put down the AUV, 297 00:17:25,836 --> 00:17:27,671 AUV working perfectly fine. 298 00:17:28,297 --> 00:17:30,299 But after 30 hours, 299 00:17:30,299 --> 00:17:32,176 it suddenly stopped transmitting. 300 00:17:32,926 --> 00:17:37,264 We'd lost it, and we had no idea what had happened to it. 301 00:17:37,264 --> 00:17:39,767 We searched for three days, didn't find it. 302 00:17:39,767 --> 00:17:41,602 Uh, massive failure. 303 00:17:42,770 --> 00:17:46,648 The AUV we lost cost millions of dollars. 304 00:17:47,608 --> 00:17:50,194 And, all that planning, years of work, 305 00:17:50,194 --> 00:17:51,570 all down the tube, you know. 306 00:17:51,570 --> 00:17:56,784 It was literally one of the worst moments of my life. 307 00:17:56,784 --> 00:18:00,704 You know, I never expected that, uh... 308 00:18:02,206 --> 00:18:03,582 I'd have a second chance 309 00:18:03,582 --> 00:18:05,167 to go looking for the Endurance, 310 00:18:05,167 --> 00:18:06,668 that is for sure. 311 00:18:14,676 --> 00:18:17,346 We learnt from our failures in 2019 312 00:18:17,346 --> 00:18:20,182 that we needed a, a different underwater drone 313 00:18:20,182 --> 00:18:21,892 to search the seafloor. 314 00:18:21,892 --> 00:18:24,561 It was Nico's choice to attach this brand-new vehicle 315 00:18:24,561 --> 00:18:27,314 to the surface using a fiberoptic tether. 316 00:18:28,816 --> 00:18:33,445 Nico's, in my mind, one of the best subsea engineers 317 00:18:33,445 --> 00:18:34,947 anywhere in the world 318 00:18:37,658 --> 00:18:41,078 As the vehicle surveys the seabed, 319 00:18:41,078 --> 00:18:45,040 we'll see the Endurance appear in real time 320 00:18:45,040 --> 00:18:46,291 on the navigation screen. 321 00:18:47,876 --> 00:18:49,253 {\an8}Robbie, that's the AUV 322 00:18:49,253 --> 00:18:50,712 {\an8}off the hook. 323 00:18:51,338 --> 00:18:53,757 {\an8}Okay, AUV in thrust mode, all yours, Chad. 324 00:18:57,636 --> 00:18:59,513 When you're in the Weddell Sea, 325 00:18:59,513 --> 00:19:03,392 the traditional sub-sea methods don't work 326 00:19:03,392 --> 00:19:06,103 because the ice rules. 327 00:19:11,024 --> 00:19:14,069 {\an8}The massive challenge is of launching under the ice 328 00:19:14,653 --> 00:19:17,531 {\an8}and searching on the seafloor at 10,000 feet. 329 00:19:18,282 --> 00:19:21,076 And no one had ever done this before. 330 00:19:21,076 --> 00:19:22,703 It was complete-- completely new 331 00:19:22,703 --> 00:19:24,621 in terms of sub-sea technology. 332 00:19:29,835 --> 00:19:33,130 We've got 15 nautical miles to run to the site. 333 00:19:33,130 --> 00:19:35,007 Should be there between 1700 334 00:19:35,007 --> 00:19:36,758 to 1800 hours tonight. 335 00:19:37,426 --> 00:19:39,928 And what about the ice conditions, Lasse? 336 00:19:39,928 --> 00:19:41,471 There's areas of, 337 00:19:41,471 --> 00:19:43,724 of open water opening up, 338 00:19:43,724 --> 00:19:46,393 but it will be a little denser at the site. 339 00:19:48,896 --> 00:19:51,815 So whatever we do with the AUV operations, 340 00:19:52,357 --> 00:19:55,485 the drift will be super important. 341 00:19:55,485 --> 00:19:57,487 Because you have to park the ship 342 00:19:57,487 --> 00:19:59,823 {\an8}at the right side of the search window 343 00:19:59,823 --> 00:20:02,868 {\an8}to drift over the wreck site and not in the other direction. 344 00:20:04,620 --> 00:20:07,539 {\an8}In the Weddell Sea, we have an ocean system, 345 00:20:07,539 --> 00:20:08,999 {\an8}which is called the Weddell Gyre. 346 00:20:08,999 --> 00:20:13,170 {\an8}The sea ice goes clockwise like a huge circle. 347 00:20:13,170 --> 00:20:16,256 {\an8}On average, it drifts 20 kilometers a day here. 348 00:20:16,798 --> 00:20:19,885 {\an8}And even the ship will drift with the ice. 349 00:20:37,819 --> 00:20:39,613 {\an8}The ice was heavily and firmly packed 350 00:20:39,613 --> 00:20:42,532 {\an8}around the Endurance, extending in every direction 351 00:20:42,532 --> 00:20:45,452 {\an8}as far as the eye could see from the masthead. 352 00:20:50,832 --> 00:20:52,209 As the weeks passed, 353 00:20:52,209 --> 00:20:53,627 our drift was slowly but surely 354 00:20:53,627 --> 00:20:55,545 taking us northwards, 355 00:20:55,545 --> 00:20:57,714 our track on the chart showing a formation 356 00:20:57,714 --> 00:21:00,592 like that of a drunken man's wanderings, 357 00:21:00,592 --> 00:21:03,178 crossing and recrossing our own track. 358 00:21:05,806 --> 00:21:08,433 {\an8}My chief anxiety is the drift. 359 00:21:09,142 --> 00:21:12,229 {\an8}Where will the vagrant winds and currents carry the ship 360 00:21:12,229 --> 00:21:14,856 {\an8}during the long winter months that are ahead of us? 361 00:21:15,399 --> 00:21:16,942 And will it be possible to break out 362 00:21:16,942 --> 00:21:18,443 of the pack early enough 363 00:21:18,443 --> 00:21:21,071 to attempt the overland journey next year? 364 00:21:22,030 --> 00:21:24,908 Shackleton's gamble of racing south in 1914 365 00:21:24,908 --> 00:21:27,327 and trying to beat the winter had failed. 366 00:21:27,327 --> 00:21:29,246 He now had to survive a brutal winter 367 00:21:29,246 --> 00:21:31,999 in the most inhospitable place on planet Earth. 368 00:21:36,878 --> 00:21:38,714 {\an8}On February 24th, 369 00:21:38,714 --> 00:21:40,799 we ceased to observe the ship's routine 370 00:21:40,799 --> 00:21:43,677 and the Endurance became a winter station. 371 00:21:47,848 --> 00:21:49,182 Ice huts were built 372 00:21:49,182 --> 00:21:50,851 {\an8}on the floes around the ship, 373 00:21:50,851 --> 00:21:54,104 {\an8}and the dogs, each one, chained to a hut. 374 00:21:54,104 --> 00:21:58,025 {\an8}The working and training of the dogs was taken in hand. 375 00:22:03,155 --> 00:22:05,115 Most of the public schools in England 376 00:22:05,115 --> 00:22:07,826 helped the expedition to purchase the dog teams. 377 00:22:07,826 --> 00:22:11,330 And we named a dog after every school that helped. 378 00:22:25,135 --> 00:22:26,636 Shackleton insisted on optimism 379 00:22:26,636 --> 00:22:29,389 above all else, and I think he was right. 380 00:22:30,182 --> 00:22:32,726 Without that sense that you are gonna survive, 381 00:22:32,726 --> 00:22:35,062 without that sense of purpose, you would give up, 382 00:22:35,062 --> 00:22:36,938 you'd turn your face to the wall. 383 00:22:37,564 --> 00:22:39,524 And so they organized life in a way 384 00:22:39,524 --> 00:22:42,319 that would keep their morale up and keep them alive. 385 00:22:54,414 --> 00:22:56,208 Hurley is a marvel. 386 00:22:57,834 --> 00:22:59,961 With cheerful Australian profanity, 387 00:22:59,961 --> 00:23:01,880 he perambulates the most dangerous 388 00:23:01,880 --> 00:23:04,257 and slippery places he can find. 389 00:23:05,592 --> 00:23:07,969 He snaps his snaps or works his handle, 390 00:23:07,969 --> 00:23:11,306 turning out pictures of life by the fathom. 391 00:23:14,101 --> 00:23:16,686 Shackleton was generations ahead 392 00:23:16,686 --> 00:23:18,688 of what young people now know to be true. 393 00:23:18,688 --> 00:23:20,440 If you haven't filmed it, it hasn't happened. 394 00:23:20,440 --> 00:23:22,401 And so of course he took the latest, 395 00:23:22,401 --> 00:23:25,904 cutting-edge technology, moving film. 396 00:23:25,904 --> 00:23:27,864 He took a documentary maker with him. 397 00:23:29,116 --> 00:23:31,368 {\an8}I was in the wilds of North Australia at the time, 398 00:23:31,368 --> 00:23:34,079 {\an8}making a film of the primitive Aboriginal life. 399 00:23:34,788 --> 00:23:36,039 {\an8}A cable from Sir Ernest Shackleton 400 00:23:36,039 --> 00:23:38,917 {\an8}invited me to join the staff for his expedition. 401 00:23:38,917 --> 00:23:41,920 {\an8}I hadn't the remotest idea of what it might involve 402 00:23:41,920 --> 00:23:45,132 {\an8}nor had I applied for a post on the expedition. 403 00:23:45,132 --> 00:23:48,218 However, Sir Ernest had long been my hero, 404 00:23:48,218 --> 00:23:50,429 and I was going to follow him in anything 405 00:23:50,429 --> 00:23:51,972 and to go anywhere with him. 406 00:23:54,307 --> 00:23:57,018 Shackleton was desperate to get the story out there. 407 00:23:57,727 --> 00:23:59,479 He lived and died by publicity. 408 00:24:00,063 --> 00:24:02,107 Shackleton could never be confident of his funding. 409 00:24:02,107 --> 00:24:04,151 He was always cobbling this stuff together. 410 00:24:05,735 --> 00:24:09,489 But, underneath it all, he was hopelessly disorganized, 411 00:24:09,489 --> 00:24:11,199 terrible with money. 412 00:24:11,199 --> 00:24:13,577 To a certain extent, it was a pyramid scheme. 413 00:24:13,577 --> 00:24:15,745 He'd get given 20 pounds here, 414 00:24:15,745 --> 00:24:17,539 and he'd immediately have to pay, uh, 415 00:24:17,539 --> 00:24:19,791 someone he'd owed it to over here. 416 00:24:19,791 --> 00:24:23,086 I think Shackleton is best described by a keen observer, 417 00:24:23,086 --> 00:24:26,590 fellow crew mate on the second trip to Antarctica: 418 00:24:26,590 --> 00:24:31,011 He said he was a outstanding, plausible rogue. 419 00:24:33,555 --> 00:24:34,848 Shackleton never really had 420 00:24:34,848 --> 00:24:37,893 the standing that he wanted in British society. 421 00:24:37,893 --> 00:24:40,479 He didn't come from the aristocracy, 422 00:24:40,479 --> 00:24:42,355 he didn't go to university. 423 00:24:45,108 --> 00:24:46,818 Shackleton grew up in Ireland. 424 00:24:46,818 --> 00:24:49,321 His father was a farmer first of all, 425 00:24:49,321 --> 00:24:52,532 and then he decided to retrain and became a doctor 426 00:24:52,532 --> 00:24:54,826 and he moved the family to London. 427 00:24:54,826 --> 00:24:56,119 Shackleton spoke differently. 428 00:24:56,119 --> 00:24:57,496 He was terribly bullied at school, 429 00:24:57,496 --> 00:24:59,039 when he went to school in London. 430 00:24:59,873 --> 00:25:01,917 He was desperate to prove his worth. 431 00:25:02,584 --> 00:25:04,377 He tried to make it as a politician, 432 00:25:04,377 --> 00:25:05,795 no one voted for him. 433 00:25:05,795 --> 00:25:08,256 He tried to make it as a businessman, it failed. 434 00:25:11,384 --> 00:25:12,469 There were two Shackletons. 435 00:25:12,469 --> 00:25:13,803 There was the public Shackleton 436 00:25:13,803 --> 00:25:15,805 that could quote, he had a photographic memory 437 00:25:15,805 --> 00:25:18,141 that could quote long lines of poetry: 438 00:25:18,141 --> 00:25:20,852 Shakespeare, Tennyson, Browning at will. 439 00:25:20,852 --> 00:25:22,938 He would provoke people to tears 440 00:25:22,938 --> 00:25:25,065 and cheers in public meetings. 441 00:25:26,650 --> 00:25:30,403 The private one was insecure. 442 00:25:30,403 --> 00:25:32,322 He had terrible health problems. 443 00:25:32,322 --> 00:25:33,615 He was wracked with nerves. 444 00:25:33,615 --> 00:25:35,200 He wrote to his wife and he said, 445 00:25:35,200 --> 00:25:37,452 "I find that this is too overwhelming." 446 00:25:38,036 --> 00:25:39,871 {\an8}Beloved, there are times 447 00:25:39,871 --> 00:25:42,207 {\an8}when I almost wish that I had not gone south 448 00:25:42,207 --> 00:25:44,834 {\an8}but stayed at home and lived a quiet life. 449 00:25:45,585 --> 00:25:47,837 I suppose I am a domestic failure 450 00:25:47,837 --> 00:25:50,840 and not the ideal married man. 451 00:25:50,840 --> 00:25:54,386 I am just good as an explorer and nothing else. 452 00:25:56,137 --> 00:25:58,974 But, uh, Emily stood by him all the way through. 453 00:26:00,100 --> 00:26:01,726 Emily Shackleton said, 454 00:26:01,726 --> 00:26:04,479 "You can't keep a wild eagle in a barn." 455 00:26:07,607 --> 00:26:08,858 He must have been quite 456 00:26:08,858 --> 00:26:11,111 a disappointed guy in some respects. 457 00:26:11,111 --> 00:26:13,822 None of his plans worked out as he hoped. 458 00:26:16,157 --> 00:26:18,326 But he had to keep going to Antarctica 459 00:26:18,326 --> 00:26:21,371 because it was the only way he could stay relevant, 460 00:26:21,371 --> 00:26:22,747 that he could stay famous. 461 00:26:22,747 --> 00:26:23,873 So it was like a devil's bargain. 462 00:26:23,873 --> 00:26:25,000 He had to keep going back 463 00:26:25,000 --> 00:26:26,918 to the worst place on earth 464 00:26:26,918 --> 00:26:30,088 to maintain his status at home. 465 00:26:41,308 --> 00:26:45,353 Okay, Joe, the AUV levelin' out at, uh, the seabed. 466 00:26:45,353 --> 00:26:47,397 [on radio] Alright, Roger that. Roger that. 467 00:26:47,397 --> 00:26:49,733 Okay, guys. We're good to start mission? 468 00:26:49,733 --> 00:26:51,484 Yeah, yeah, yeah. Absolutely. 469 00:26:51,484 --> 00:26:53,445 This is the one. Today's the day. 470 00:26:54,946 --> 00:26:56,615 Just tab the rolls? 471 00:26:56,615 --> 00:26:58,366 You are not so affected now. 472 00:27:00,327 --> 00:27:02,037 Oh! We're moving! 473 00:27:02,037 --> 00:27:04,164 - Good, making data? - Yeah. 474 00:27:04,164 --> 00:27:06,333 - That's good. - The seabed. 475 00:27:06,333 --> 00:27:08,752 The, the seabed is, uh, is really flat, 476 00:27:08,752 --> 00:27:10,754 which is a very good point for us. 477 00:27:10,754 --> 00:27:12,964 Through the depression like that. 478 00:27:12,964 --> 00:27:15,717 It's the perfect condition for finding a wreck. 479 00:27:15,717 --> 00:27:17,302 Exactly. 480 00:27:17,302 --> 00:27:20,764 The only sonar data in the world of the site. 481 00:27:20,764 --> 00:27:22,515 We are the first one. Yeah! 482 00:27:22,515 --> 00:27:24,267 - Yeah! - Yeah! 483 00:27:24,267 --> 00:27:26,269 Your stupid plan is coming together. 484 00:27:27,854 --> 00:27:30,190 So let's try to review quickly, 485 00:27:30,190 --> 00:27:33,360 with this vehicle on the seabed, what we will see. 486 00:27:33,985 --> 00:27:37,864 The primary sensor is a side-scan sonar. 487 00:27:37,864 --> 00:27:40,909 This is a low-frequency side-scan sonar signature 488 00:27:40,909 --> 00:27:42,786 of a wreck which is roughly 489 00:27:42,786 --> 00:27:45,955 the same size as the Endurance. 490 00:27:45,955 --> 00:27:47,791 It may not look like much, 491 00:27:47,791 --> 00:27:51,878 but this is what the Endurance will look like on the screen. 492 00:27:53,505 --> 00:27:54,631 It will be two meters 493 00:27:54,631 --> 00:27:56,800 below the surface, 40 meter astern. 494 00:27:56,800 --> 00:27:58,218 Forty meters below the surface. 495 00:27:58,218 --> 00:28:01,429 You will pull slowly when I say... 496 00:28:07,477 --> 00:28:10,563 To go to Antarctica, you need an exceptional team. 497 00:28:11,314 --> 00:28:13,400 I've been working with the people on my team 498 00:28:13,400 --> 00:28:14,526 for almost 25 years. 499 00:28:17,404 --> 00:28:20,824 {\an8}So we've gotten to know each other and become very close. 500 00:28:23,201 --> 00:28:25,495 {\an8}We've got some pretty impressive projects under our belt. 501 00:28:26,121 --> 00:28:28,289 {\an8}We have several world records. 502 00:28:29,290 --> 00:28:33,294 For me, Endurance22 is my first expedition to Antarctica and 503 00:28:34,421 --> 00:28:38,216 this is the first time I've been back out at sea 504 00:28:38,216 --> 00:28:40,468 since the death of my wife. 505 00:28:42,679 --> 00:28:46,683 I lost Sévereine in 2017 to cancer. 506 00:28:48,309 --> 00:28:51,646 This was one of the most difficult times of my life. 507 00:28:53,231 --> 00:28:55,900 So going back out to sea is really good for me. 508 00:28:56,901 --> 00:28:59,237 And for us, we're like a family. 509 00:29:00,238 --> 00:29:02,073 I usually say I'm the big brother, 510 00:29:02,073 --> 00:29:04,993 but they don't agree with that. 511 00:29:04,993 --> 00:29:07,245 So yes, I'm the dad of this team. 512 00:29:10,999 --> 00:29:13,543 If we find the wreck, 513 00:29:13,543 --> 00:29:15,170 it will be the team success. 514 00:29:15,170 --> 00:29:17,464 But if we fail, it will be my failure. 515 00:29:18,465 --> 00:29:20,008 Because I was in charge. 516 00:29:28,600 --> 00:29:30,477 {\an8}About the middle of February, 517 00:29:30,477 --> 00:29:34,397 {\an8}the temperature dropped as low as 20 degrees below zero. 518 00:29:35,440 --> 00:29:39,110 All precautions were taken to prepare the ship for winter. 519 00:29:41,196 --> 00:29:43,823 But the Endurance's company refused to abandon 520 00:29:43,823 --> 00:29:45,617 their customary cheerfulness. 521 00:29:47,368 --> 00:29:49,287 Certainly a good deal of our cheerfulness 522 00:29:49,287 --> 00:29:52,874 is due to the order and routine which Sir E establishes. 523 00:29:53,833 --> 00:29:57,086 {\an8}We had our own special duties to perform. 524 00:29:57,086 --> 00:29:59,047 {\an8}In my own case, I was kept quite busy 525 00:29:59,047 --> 00:30:01,674 {\an8}attending to four-hourly records of temperature, 526 00:30:01,674 --> 00:30:05,678 noting atmospheric pressures, wind force, and direction. 527 00:30:09,224 --> 00:30:11,935 {\an8}Our cabins on deck began to get too cold 528 00:30:11,935 --> 00:30:14,229 {\an8}as the temperatures dropped lower. 529 00:30:14,229 --> 00:30:16,606 {\an8}So the cargo was cleared out of the tween decks, 530 00:30:16,606 --> 00:30:19,275 and we built ourselves cubicles there 531 00:30:19,275 --> 00:30:22,403 and lived down there throughout the winter months. 532 00:30:22,403 --> 00:30:24,781 This was christened the Ritz, 533 00:30:24,781 --> 00:30:28,326 the wardroom above being known as the Stables. 534 00:30:28,326 --> 00:30:32,121 The Ritz served as an area in which members could relax, 535 00:30:32,121 --> 00:30:35,041 read, play cards, and while away the time. 536 00:30:35,041 --> 00:30:40,129 ♪ It's a long way to Tipperary ♪ 537 00:30:40,964 --> 00:30:43,258 {\an8}Our appetites were tremendous 538 00:30:43,258 --> 00:30:45,760 {\an8}and the kind of food we had a craving for 539 00:30:45,760 --> 00:30:48,555 {\an8}might make a little appeal to civilized tastes. 540 00:30:48,555 --> 00:30:52,267 {\an8}Seal blubber, for instance, was our greatest delicacy, 541 00:30:52,267 --> 00:30:54,561 {\an8}and I often used to eat it raw. 542 00:30:56,354 --> 00:30:58,356 {\an8}It is our custom to drink to sweethearts 543 00:30:58,356 --> 00:31:00,942 {\an8}and wives every Saturday night, 544 00:31:00,942 --> 00:31:03,528 {\an8}which all hands do with much fervor. 545 00:31:04,362 --> 00:31:07,073 {\an8}At midnight, we had cocoa and wished Sir Ernest 546 00:31:07,073 --> 00:31:10,743 {\an8}many happy returnings of his 41st birthday. 547 00:31:17,250 --> 00:31:20,044 {\an8}We said goodbye to the sun on May the 1st 548 00:31:20,044 --> 00:31:21,546 {\an8}and entered the period of twilight 549 00:31:21,546 --> 00:31:24,591 {\an8}that would be followed by the darkness of midwinter. 550 00:31:28,011 --> 00:31:30,138 The disappearance of the sun is apt to be 551 00:31:30,138 --> 00:31:32,640 a depressing event in the polar regions 552 00:31:32,640 --> 00:31:34,350 where the long months of darkness 553 00:31:34,350 --> 00:31:37,478 involve mental as well as physical strain. 554 00:31:40,607 --> 00:31:43,067 A form of midwinter madness 555 00:31:43,067 --> 00:31:44,819 has manifested itself, 556 00:31:45,695 --> 00:31:48,031 all hands being seized with the desire 557 00:31:48,031 --> 00:31:49,908 to have their hair removed. 558 00:31:52,035 --> 00:31:54,162 It caused much amusement. 559 00:31:55,204 --> 00:31:58,249 We resemble a cargo of convicts. 560 00:32:00,752 --> 00:32:02,712 Greenstreet, the first officer, 561 00:32:02,712 --> 00:32:05,131 {\an8}at that moment, knocked at the cabin door. 562 00:32:05,757 --> 00:32:08,676 {\an8}He said to Shackleton, "The play can begin, sir, 563 00:32:08,676 --> 00:32:09,886 {\an8}whenever you are ready." 564 00:32:11,054 --> 00:32:13,097 {\an8}Shackleton said, "In five minutes, 565 00:32:13,097 --> 00:32:14,807 {\an8}you can go back and say so." 566 00:32:15,516 --> 00:32:17,101 {\an8}Greenstreet could never have guessed 567 00:32:17,101 --> 00:32:18,645 {\an8}that a few minutes earlier, 568 00:32:18,645 --> 00:32:23,232 the Great Explorer had broken to me that tragic news. 569 00:32:23,232 --> 00:32:27,320 He said, "The ship can't live in this, Skipper. 570 00:32:27,320 --> 00:32:29,322 "It is only a matter of time. 571 00:32:30,239 --> 00:32:33,576 What the ice gets, the ice keeps." 572 00:32:34,619 --> 00:32:37,997 We would be cast homeless upon the dreary waste of ice 573 00:32:37,997 --> 00:32:40,708 from which so few returned. 574 00:32:42,919 --> 00:32:46,172 To the men, Shackleton was the cheery, happy chief 575 00:32:46,172 --> 00:32:47,840 who was leading them in a great 576 00:32:47,840 --> 00:32:49,842 and successful adventure. 577 00:32:51,010 --> 00:32:52,303 And a few minutes later, 578 00:32:52,303 --> 00:32:54,722 sure enough, we were in the Ritz 579 00:32:54,722 --> 00:32:57,433 laughing heartily at one of the burlesques 580 00:32:57,433 --> 00:33:00,353 that our men had become adept at producing. 581 00:33:01,854 --> 00:33:03,648 The ship had become to them, 582 00:33:03,648 --> 00:33:06,818 as to me, the center of the universe. 583 00:33:08,319 --> 00:33:10,822 How would they be without the ship? 584 00:33:19,998 --> 00:33:20,999 I mean, imagine being here 585 00:33:20,999 --> 00:33:23,001 in a tiny little wooden boat. 586 00:33:23,001 --> 00:33:25,878 No GPS, no... nothing. 587 00:33:25,878 --> 00:33:29,424 And then the leader says, "Oh, by the way, boys, we're stuck. 588 00:33:29,424 --> 00:33:31,092 And, uh, we're gonna spend the winter here." 589 00:33:31,092 --> 00:33:32,593 You'd be like, "Ah, great, 590 00:33:32,593 --> 00:33:34,846 well, my wife's gonna kill me." 591 00:33:41,978 --> 00:33:44,230 Everything is absolutely perfect. 592 00:33:44,230 --> 00:33:45,440 The vehicle is ready. 593 00:33:45,440 --> 00:33:47,817 {\an8}Everything is ready. The tether is ready. 594 00:33:47,817 --> 00:33:50,486 However, the vessel is stuck in ice. 595 00:33:56,159 --> 00:33:57,910 This is really frustrating. 596 00:33:59,078 --> 00:34:00,371 We are not able to reach 597 00:34:00,371 --> 00:34:02,290 the next position for the next dive. 598 00:34:02,290 --> 00:34:04,250 And we are losing time. 599 00:34:12,383 --> 00:34:14,844 Exercise patience. 600 00:34:14,844 --> 00:34:16,846 Patience, patience. Yeah. 601 00:34:16,846 --> 00:34:18,639 Yes, so they say. 602 00:34:25,897 --> 00:34:28,441 That's, um, heli-helicopter fuel, 603 00:34:28,441 --> 00:34:32,445 {\an8}so it's got 20,000 liters of helicopter fuel in it. 604 00:34:33,821 --> 00:34:36,532 {\an8}They use a special technique where they're swinging 605 00:34:36,532 --> 00:34:39,243 {\an8}the container from side to side across the bow 606 00:34:39,243 --> 00:34:41,871 to roll the ship and that then loosens it. 607 00:34:50,713 --> 00:34:52,799 {\an8}So they're bringing the container back on now. 608 00:34:53,841 --> 00:34:55,593 {\an8}And then they'll start moving forward. 609 00:35:06,687 --> 00:35:09,107 I think we have over the next two days 610 00:35:09,107 --> 00:35:10,733 a very stable drift in this direction, 611 00:35:10,733 --> 00:35:13,236 but then something is happening, we have a shift, 612 00:35:13,236 --> 00:35:15,947 and you see, like, every six hours 613 00:35:15,947 --> 00:35:17,448 we get a new forecast. 614 00:35:17,448 --> 00:35:19,826 So just to give you an idea of the uncertainties 615 00:35:19,826 --> 00:35:21,035 we have to deal with. 616 00:35:24,747 --> 00:35:26,457 The environment of Antarctica 617 00:35:26,457 --> 00:35:29,335 is a very special place. 618 00:35:29,335 --> 00:35:31,754 You're completely distant. 619 00:35:31,754 --> 00:35:34,757 It's as if you're stepping out of the real world. 620 00:35:35,842 --> 00:35:37,260 I've sort of lost count, but I think this is 621 00:35:37,260 --> 00:35:40,638 my 25th expedition to Antarctica. 622 00:35:40,638 --> 00:35:42,765 {\an8}Going to Antarctica is very addictive. 623 00:35:42,765 --> 00:35:45,143 {\an8}You can, you can ask my wife about that. 624 00:35:45,852 --> 00:35:48,646 Uh, it-it's something that once you've seen it, 625 00:35:48,646 --> 00:35:51,732 you know, you-you've got this drive to always go back. 626 00:35:56,779 --> 00:35:59,657 {\an8}And Shackleton, you know, he also had this drive 627 00:35:59,657 --> 00:36:01,909 {\an8}to go back to Antarctica. 628 00:36:04,537 --> 00:36:05,788 You'd be hard-pressed to find a guy 629 00:36:05,788 --> 00:36:08,457 with more Antarctic experience than John Shears. 630 00:36:08,457 --> 00:36:10,668 He was head of logistics for the British Antarctic Survey, 631 00:36:10,668 --> 00:36:12,378 which is the British group responsible 632 00:36:12,378 --> 00:36:15,256 for, um, Antarctic operations. 633 00:36:15,256 --> 00:36:17,133 He's been awarded the Polar Medal 634 00:36:17,133 --> 00:36:18,634 by Her Majesty the Queen, 635 00:36:18,634 --> 00:36:21,679 which is the same medal that Shackleton was awarded. 636 00:36:24,724 --> 00:36:26,434 I started doing expeditions 637 00:36:26,434 --> 00:36:28,227 then when I was about 17, 18, 638 00:36:28,227 --> 00:36:30,813 and then continued at university. 639 00:36:31,647 --> 00:36:35,151 I come from a farming family in Devon, in England. 640 00:36:35,151 --> 00:36:37,320 I was very close to my grandmother, 641 00:36:37,320 --> 00:36:39,697 and my grandmother, um, 642 00:36:39,697 --> 00:36:42,241 never had the opportunity t-to travel. 643 00:36:42,241 --> 00:36:44,827 And my grandmother, as a small girl, 644 00:36:44,827 --> 00:36:48,331 had gone into Exeter, to the museum there, 645 00:36:48,331 --> 00:36:51,042 and they had an Antarctic presentation. 646 00:36:51,042 --> 00:36:52,501 And she always remembered that. 647 00:36:52,501 --> 00:36:53,669 That was the first time I heard 648 00:36:53,669 --> 00:36:55,046 about Ernest Shackleton. 649 00:36:58,049 --> 00:37:00,760 Gram was always wanting me and my two brothers 650 00:37:00,760 --> 00:37:03,304 to get experience of what the world might be like. 651 00:37:03,971 --> 00:37:07,016 And here I am, and I've been, you know, to the Arctic, 652 00:37:07,016 --> 00:37:10,770 to the Antarctic in the space of two generations. 653 00:37:18,444 --> 00:37:21,072 {\an8}August the 1st, 1915. 654 00:37:22,657 --> 00:37:25,993 At 10:00 a.m., the floe began to move in our vicinity, 655 00:37:26,786 --> 00:37:29,330 driving tongues of ice below the ship 656 00:37:29,330 --> 00:37:31,832 and heeling us over to starboard. 657 00:37:33,918 --> 00:37:35,127 We felt like pygmies, 658 00:37:35,127 --> 00:37:38,005 {\an8}as millions of tons of moving ice crushed 659 00:37:38,005 --> 00:37:41,300 {\an8}and smashed inexorably all around us. 660 00:37:41,842 --> 00:37:46,180 I kept on thinking to myself, how long can this last? 661 00:37:46,931 --> 00:37:48,057 How long? 662 00:37:51,560 --> 00:37:53,980 Every timber was straining to rupture. 663 00:37:54,897 --> 00:37:58,818 {\an8}The decks gaped. Doors refused to open or shut. 664 00:37:58,818 --> 00:38:01,320 {\an8}The floor coverings buckled, and the iron floor plates 665 00:38:01,320 --> 00:38:04,490 in the engine room bulged and sprung from their seating. 666 00:38:05,324 --> 00:38:08,786 Everything was in a state of extreme compression. 667 00:38:18,087 --> 00:38:20,589 ♪ Oh, I met with Napper Tandy ♪ 668 00:38:20,589 --> 00:38:22,425 ♪ And he took me by the hand... ♪ 669 00:38:22,425 --> 00:38:23,592 They were listening to the gramophone 670 00:38:23,592 --> 00:38:24,802 when it happened. 671 00:38:24,802 --> 00:38:26,679 They felt this wave of pressure building. 672 00:38:26,679 --> 00:38:27,888 It was like an earthquake, 673 00:38:27,888 --> 00:38:30,516 ship shuddering as the ice pressed in. 674 00:38:32,518 --> 00:38:34,603 Pressure throughout the day, 675 00:38:34,603 --> 00:38:38,274 increasing to terrific force at 4:00 p.m., 676 00:38:38,274 --> 00:38:39,692 smashing rudder, 677 00:38:39,692 --> 00:38:41,652 rudder post, and stern post. 678 00:38:43,070 --> 00:38:46,073 The ship was making water rapidly aft. 679 00:38:50,953 --> 00:38:53,748 I had the pumps rigged, got up steam, 680 00:38:53,748 --> 00:38:56,667 and started the bilge pumps at 8:00 p.m. 681 00:39:00,254 --> 00:39:02,131 We pumped three days and nights 682 00:39:02,131 --> 00:39:03,466 without sleep, 683 00:39:03,466 --> 00:39:06,052 but we could not pump her dry. 684 00:39:08,554 --> 00:39:09,847 It was at this time 685 00:39:09,847 --> 00:39:12,850 that a strange occurrence took place. 686 00:39:12,850 --> 00:39:16,062 {\an8}For some months, we had seen no emperor penguins. 687 00:39:16,062 --> 00:39:18,856 {\an8}Now eight of them made a sudden appearance, 688 00:39:18,856 --> 00:39:21,400 {\an8}walking slowly towards the ship. 689 00:39:21,400 --> 00:39:22,777 We had always considered these birds 690 00:39:22,777 --> 00:39:25,196 to be practically mute, 691 00:39:25,196 --> 00:39:26,572 but on this occasion, 692 00:39:26,572 --> 00:39:28,616 they proceeded to utter cries 693 00:39:28,616 --> 00:39:31,035 that sounded like a dirge for the ship. 694 00:39:31,035 --> 00:39:35,998 The effect of this death call was ominous and startling. 695 00:39:40,336 --> 00:39:43,589 {\an8}On October 26th, the end came. 696 00:39:44,173 --> 00:39:47,635 {\an8}All hopes of accomplishing our objective vanished. 697 00:39:51,055 --> 00:39:52,556 Shackleton met the crisis 698 00:39:52,556 --> 00:39:54,475 with complete composure. 699 00:39:54,475 --> 00:39:56,352 He gave orders as though we were setting out 700 00:39:56,352 --> 00:39:58,729 on just a sledging expedition. 701 00:40:01,857 --> 00:40:03,609 But to Shackleton, not only was it 702 00:40:03,609 --> 00:40:05,903 an incredibly dangerous development, 703 00:40:05,903 --> 00:40:08,114 they were now in mortal peril. 704 00:40:08,114 --> 00:40:09,532 But it was also a sign 705 00:40:09,532 --> 00:40:11,909 of a complete failure of the expedition. 706 00:40:11,909 --> 00:40:14,120 This is probably Shackleton at his lowest point. 707 00:40:14,787 --> 00:40:16,831 I don't think it can get any worse. 708 00:40:17,456 --> 00:40:18,749 It can physically. 709 00:40:19,375 --> 00:40:23,045 But for Shackleton, I think this is the trough. 710 00:40:24,171 --> 00:40:26,966 He knew this was the end of his dreams. 711 00:40:37,726 --> 00:40:39,520 There was no protection to be had 712 00:40:39,520 --> 00:40:42,982 from the angry world of snows and wind. 713 00:40:44,024 --> 00:40:45,568 They had a tough first night. 714 00:40:45,568 --> 00:40:46,735 They bedded down on the ice. 715 00:40:46,735 --> 00:40:49,280 They drew lots for the fur sleeping bags. 716 00:40:49,280 --> 00:40:50,573 They didn't have enough. 717 00:40:51,157 --> 00:40:52,575 Three times that night, 718 00:40:52,575 --> 00:40:55,953 our floe cracked dangerously under our tents. 719 00:40:55,953 --> 00:40:58,164 Three times, we had to move. 720 00:41:01,083 --> 00:41:03,752 {\an8}For myself, I could not sleep. 721 00:41:04,295 --> 00:41:06,755 {\an8}I walked up and down in the darkness. 722 00:41:06,755 --> 00:41:10,759 {\an8}The task now was to secure the safety of the party. 723 00:41:11,385 --> 00:41:12,595 He pivoted. 724 00:41:12,595 --> 00:41:14,513 There was no more walking across Antarctica. 725 00:41:14,513 --> 00:41:15,890 In that 12-hour period, 726 00:41:15,890 --> 00:41:18,851 he completely flips his outlook. 727 00:41:18,851 --> 00:41:21,437 And from that moment on, he is laser focused 728 00:41:21,437 --> 00:41:22,897 on getting those men home. 729 00:41:28,903 --> 00:41:30,613 At dawn the next morning, 730 00:41:30,613 --> 00:41:33,449 Shackleton and Wild, like good Samaritans, 731 00:41:33,449 --> 00:41:35,534 made hot tea for all hands. 732 00:41:36,202 --> 00:41:38,162 This they took along to the inmates 733 00:41:38,162 --> 00:41:39,788 of the various tents. 734 00:41:43,584 --> 00:41:46,045 Shackleton made a characteristic speech, 735 00:41:46,045 --> 00:41:48,923 the sort of speech that only he could make. 736 00:41:49,715 --> 00:41:51,634 He told the men not to be alarmed 737 00:41:51,634 --> 00:41:53,010 at the loss of the vessel 738 00:41:53,010 --> 00:41:56,639 and assured them that by hard effort, clean work, 739 00:41:56,639 --> 00:41:58,766 and loyal cooperation, 740 00:41:58,766 --> 00:42:01,227 they could make their way to land. 741 00:42:02,353 --> 00:42:05,147 This speech had an immediate effect. 742 00:42:05,147 --> 00:42:07,233 Our spirits rose. 743 00:42:12,154 --> 00:42:14,573 {\an8}It was decided to try and march 744 00:42:14,573 --> 00:42:16,867 {\an8}across the floes to a small island 745 00:42:16,867 --> 00:42:18,744 {\an8}called Paulet Island. 746 00:42:19,954 --> 00:42:22,164 It would be necessary to take the boats 747 00:42:22,164 --> 00:42:25,334 as the last part of the journey would be by water. 748 00:42:26,126 --> 00:42:29,463 So everyone started to prepare for the sledging journey. 749 00:42:32,091 --> 00:42:34,843 Now a last change of clothing was issued. 750 00:42:34,843 --> 00:42:36,679 The dress consists of Burberry overalls 751 00:42:36,679 --> 00:42:40,849 over a suit of warm underwear, a pair of ordinary trousers, 752 00:42:40,849 --> 00:42:43,060 and a thick sweater. 753 00:42:47,439 --> 00:42:49,608 Shackleton decided to cut down 754 00:42:49,608 --> 00:42:52,027 every ounce of superfluous weight. 755 00:42:52,653 --> 00:42:54,780 Once more, he gave us the lead 756 00:42:54,780 --> 00:42:57,157 when he threw away a gold watch, 757 00:42:57,157 --> 00:43:01,203 a gold cigarette case, and several gold sovereigns. 758 00:43:02,162 --> 00:43:04,123 I tore the fly leaf out of the Bible 759 00:43:04,123 --> 00:43:06,458 that Queen Alexandra had given to the ship 760 00:43:06,458 --> 00:43:08,168 with her own writings in it. 761 00:43:08,836 --> 00:43:10,838 The order was that personal gear 762 00:43:10,838 --> 00:43:13,591 must not exceed two pounds per man. 763 00:43:14,174 --> 00:43:16,844 And this meant that nothing but bare necessities 764 00:43:16,844 --> 00:43:18,887 were to be taken on the march. 765 00:43:21,974 --> 00:43:23,726 It was shortly after leaving the ship 766 00:43:23,726 --> 00:43:26,061 that I heard Shackleton calling for me. 767 00:43:26,061 --> 00:43:27,938 "What's that, sir?" I asked. 768 00:43:27,938 --> 00:43:30,274 "Your banjo," replied Shackleton. 769 00:43:30,858 --> 00:43:33,402 This is the banjo that Shackleton saved 770 00:43:33,402 --> 00:43:34,987 just before the ship sank. 771 00:43:35,654 --> 00:43:38,407 He called it Vital Mental Medicine. 772 00:43:44,204 --> 00:43:45,748 Next day, we started a march 773 00:43:45,748 --> 00:43:47,249 to the westward. 774 00:43:47,249 --> 00:43:51,420 The dogs dragged the stores on the seven smaller sledges. 775 00:43:51,420 --> 00:43:53,631 I took charge of 16 men, 776 00:43:53,631 --> 00:43:57,885 dragging our three boats placed on the larger sledges. 777 00:44:00,054 --> 00:44:03,349 {\an8}The boats weighed about one ton each with gear. 778 00:44:04,558 --> 00:44:07,269 {\an8}The going was frightful, and the labor was appalling 779 00:44:07,269 --> 00:44:11,231 and our progress all too slow for the energy expended. 780 00:44:16,278 --> 00:44:17,821 They didn't get very far. 781 00:44:17,821 --> 00:44:19,948 Two days later, they gave up 782 00:44:19,948 --> 00:44:22,868 and they established a camp. 783 00:44:27,164 --> 00:44:28,332 Our new camp, 784 00:44:28,332 --> 00:44:31,168 to which we gave the name Ocean Camp, 785 00:44:31,168 --> 00:44:33,003 lay about a mile and a half distant 786 00:44:33,003 --> 00:44:36,048 from the watery grave of the Endurance. 787 00:44:38,050 --> 00:44:39,843 Well, the poor old dark room was crushed. 788 00:44:40,719 --> 00:44:44,473 And we found it was beneath about six feet of mushy ice. 789 00:44:45,224 --> 00:44:47,810 But what does one do when you have buried treasure 790 00:44:47,810 --> 00:44:49,520 to the value of 20,000 pounds 791 00:44:49,520 --> 00:44:51,522 beneath six feet of mushy ice? 792 00:44:53,315 --> 00:44:54,983 I peeled off and in an instant, 793 00:44:54,983 --> 00:44:57,820 I was in that mushy ice and roping for the cases. 794 00:44:57,820 --> 00:44:59,655 The first case, I got out in quick time. 795 00:44:59,655 --> 00:45:02,700 I took a breather and down underneath the ice again 796 00:45:02,700 --> 00:45:04,493 and up with the second case. 797 00:45:09,081 --> 00:45:11,291 The ship began to violently move 798 00:45:11,291 --> 00:45:13,419 under the pressure of the ice. 799 00:45:14,378 --> 00:45:16,255 So there was nothing else for us to do 800 00:45:16,255 --> 00:45:18,507 but to make for the floe, just for our dear lives 801 00:45:18,507 --> 00:45:19,591 as quickly as we could. 802 00:45:25,431 --> 00:45:26,807 Shackleton returned to the ship 803 00:45:26,807 --> 00:45:27,975 for his final visit, 804 00:45:27,975 --> 00:45:30,060 and he took the flare gun. 805 00:45:31,937 --> 00:45:33,605 {\an8}Hurley, Wild, 806 00:45:33,605 --> 00:45:35,482 {\an8}and self went into ship, 807 00:45:36,483 --> 00:45:40,237 said goodbye, fired a bomb in farewell. 808 00:45:46,326 --> 00:45:48,036 It was Shackleton himself 809 00:45:48,036 --> 00:45:50,289 who first saw the ship begin its slide. 810 00:45:50,289 --> 00:45:53,625 He just saw the funnel just twitch. 811 00:45:55,252 --> 00:45:57,045 We dashed onto the lookout platform 812 00:45:57,045 --> 00:45:58,547 that had been erected. 813 00:45:58,547 --> 00:46:00,966 And from there, we watched the death of the ship 814 00:46:00,966 --> 00:46:03,969 that had carried us so far and so well 815 00:46:03,969 --> 00:46:06,221 and that had put up such a brave fight 816 00:46:06,221 --> 00:46:08,182 as ever a ship had fought. 817 00:46:10,851 --> 00:46:12,978 Shackleton said quietly to the men, 818 00:46:13,645 --> 00:46:15,230 "She's gone, boys." 819 00:46:19,526 --> 00:46:21,737 Shackleton had drummed into them 820 00:46:21,737 --> 00:46:24,198 by then that what he expected of every one of them 821 00:46:24,198 --> 00:46:27,201 was optimism, optimism, optimism. 822 00:46:27,201 --> 00:46:29,787 How could they not, at that moment, 823 00:46:29,787 --> 00:46:34,833 think about what their chances of survival really were? 824 00:46:34,833 --> 00:46:36,502 And, you know, it's got to be said, 825 00:46:36,502 --> 00:46:40,255 chances of survival were pretty negligible. 826 00:46:53,393 --> 00:46:55,395 Okay, let's find the Endurance! 827 00:46:56,522 --> 00:46:57,773 We need to catch it now. 828 00:46:57,773 --> 00:46:58,982 I don't want the other, uh, 829 00:46:58,982 --> 00:47:00,734 the other shift to have it. 830 00:47:19,336 --> 00:47:21,630 Okay, we called all the data? 831 00:47:22,631 --> 00:47:24,842 Yeah, we're ready. Let's do this. 832 00:47:25,425 --> 00:47:28,470 There's a kind of superstition in our profession. 833 00:47:28,470 --> 00:47:32,349 that if you don't have faith in it it, nothing will happen. 834 00:47:32,349 --> 00:47:34,768 So, despite everything. 835 00:47:34,768 --> 00:47:37,187 we try to believe it and think, 836 00:47:37,187 --> 00:47:40,816 "Okay, our luck's gonna change. We have to be able to find it." 837 00:47:49,283 --> 00:47:52,327 - Sinking location. - Yeah. Ooh. 838 00:47:53,412 --> 00:47:55,080 Ah, come on! 839 00:47:55,080 --> 00:47:56,707 That's a shipwreck. 840 00:47:56,707 --> 00:47:58,250 Come on, boys! 841 00:48:03,005 --> 00:48:04,923 Open the bar! Open the bar! 842 00:48:04,923 --> 00:48:06,258 Open the bar! 843 00:48:09,469 --> 00:48:11,722 - Yeah? - Morning, Mensun. 844 00:48:12,431 --> 00:48:14,349 - Some news? - Good news. 845 00:48:18,937 --> 00:48:20,480 John! 846 00:48:23,734 --> 00:48:26,278 We're gonna be gutted when it's a pile of boulders. 847 00:48:26,278 --> 00:48:29,489 I'm just messing, this can't be, it's not possible. 848 00:48:29,489 --> 00:48:32,034 This is it. This is the great moment. 849 00:48:32,034 --> 00:48:34,661 We found the wreck of Endurance. 850 00:48:34,661 --> 00:48:36,955 Are we quite... are we quite, quite sure? 851 00:48:36,955 --> 00:48:38,498 Oh, geez. Yes! 852 00:48:41,168 --> 00:48:43,003 I'm only gonna believe it when I see it. 853 00:48:43,003 --> 00:48:47,215 - Yeah... - So about that point, precisely, 854 00:48:48,133 --> 00:48:52,220 because the vehicle, uh, is low in batteries, 855 00:48:52,220 --> 00:48:55,307 we have not been able to follow normal protocol 856 00:48:55,307 --> 00:48:57,601 and make a video of the wreck. 857 00:48:57,601 --> 00:49:01,146 So now, we have to secure the data... 858 00:49:01,146 --> 00:49:03,482 - Mm-hmm. - ...on the next dive. 859 00:49:06,777 --> 00:49:07,819 Um, hi, gentlemen. 860 00:49:07,819 --> 00:49:09,237 - Hi! - Hello. 861 00:49:09,237 --> 00:49:11,657 - Somebody please show me. - Yeah, yes. 862 00:49:12,658 --> 00:49:13,825 - Oh, my gosh! - Just over there. 863 00:49:13,825 --> 00:49:14,993 Look at that! 864 00:49:14,993 --> 00:49:16,244 And she was just 865 00:49:16,244 --> 00:49:18,413 400 meters north. 866 00:49:18,413 --> 00:49:20,749 From the actual position that Worsley gave? 867 00:49:20,749 --> 00:49:22,459 - Yeah. - I can see that, 868 00:49:22,459 --> 00:49:25,420 I can't believe it. Worsley really was an ace! 869 00:49:25,420 --> 00:49:27,339 - We can't believe it as well. - I am stunned. 870 00:49:28,632 --> 00:49:29,633 Guys, thank you all. 871 00:49:29,633 --> 00:49:31,927 This is just the best moment ever, 872 00:49:31,927 --> 00:49:33,553 and I'm so pr-proud 873 00:49:33,553 --> 00:49:35,764 and pleased to be able to share it with you. 874 00:49:35,764 --> 00:49:37,099 Yeah. Hurrah. 875 00:49:37,099 --> 00:49:38,475 Yay! Hoorah! 876 00:49:40,435 --> 00:49:41,979 Mensun, I don't know about you, 877 00:49:41,979 --> 00:49:43,188 but I've been swinging from optimism 878 00:49:43,188 --> 00:49:44,398 to pessimism over the last... 879 00:49:44,398 --> 00:49:46,149 Yeah, it was like that. Yeah. 880 00:49:46,149 --> 00:49:47,567 But we're right over the spot, 881 00:49:47,567 --> 00:49:49,945 right where Frank Worsley said he sank. 882 00:49:49,945 --> 00:49:51,405 But that in all my life, 883 00:49:51,405 --> 00:49:54,116 I've never known a wreck to be where it said it was. 884 00:49:54,116 --> 00:49:56,368 You know, here it is. 885 00:49:59,705 --> 00:50:00,831 What do you think, Nico? 886 00:50:00,831 --> 00:50:03,583 I say that I don't know. 887 00:50:05,127 --> 00:50:07,879 I have evidence but no proof. 888 00:50:09,297 --> 00:50:12,718 I do not like gray area. I like black and white. 889 00:50:19,599 --> 00:50:21,018 {\an8}Sixty-five degrees, 890 00:50:21,018 --> 00:50:22,519 {\an8}sixteen and a half south. 891 00:50:22,519 --> 00:50:25,522 {\an8}Fifty-two degrees, four west. 892 00:50:25,522 --> 00:50:27,190 {\an8}No news. 893 00:50:27,190 --> 00:50:30,527 Patience. Patience. Patience. 894 00:50:33,822 --> 00:50:35,323 Our hope, of course, 895 00:50:35,323 --> 00:50:37,743 was to drift northwards to the edge of the pack 896 00:50:37,743 --> 00:50:40,370 and then, when the ice was loose enough, 897 00:50:40,370 --> 00:50:43,457 to take to the boats and row to the nearest land. 898 00:50:46,626 --> 00:50:48,503 {\an8}February the 3rd, 899 00:50:48,503 --> 00:50:51,381 {\an8}the cocoa has been finished for some time, 900 00:50:51,381 --> 00:50:53,341 {\an8}and the tea is very nearly done. 901 00:50:53,884 --> 00:50:55,927 {\an8}Soon our only beverage will be milk. 902 00:50:56,553 --> 00:51:00,432 {\an8}The food now is pretty well all meat. 903 00:51:00,432 --> 00:51:02,476 {\an8}We had to catch penguins and seals first 904 00:51:02,476 --> 00:51:04,269 {\an8}before we could do any cooking. 905 00:51:04,269 --> 00:51:06,646 {\an8}Now, to do cooking, we had to make a stove. 906 00:51:06,646 --> 00:51:08,607 {\an8}We made a stove out of the funnel. 907 00:51:08,607 --> 00:51:12,819 We-we used biscuit tins and, uh, a paint drum. 908 00:51:12,819 --> 00:51:15,655 Well, it took me eight hours to cook a meal. 909 00:51:15,655 --> 00:51:18,492 Between those eight hours, underneath used to melt, 910 00:51:18,492 --> 00:51:20,494 and the stove used to topple over. 911 00:51:20,494 --> 00:51:22,037 Well, I didn't mind that topping over 912 00:51:22,037 --> 00:51:24,539 'cause I lost nothing because I just gathered up again 913 00:51:24,539 --> 00:51:26,208 and put it back in the pot. 914 00:51:26,208 --> 00:51:28,460 And they had to have it or go without. 915 00:51:33,965 --> 00:51:35,258 The monotony of life here 916 00:51:35,258 --> 00:51:37,135 is getting on our nerves. 917 00:51:37,135 --> 00:51:39,304 Nothing to do, nowhere to walk. 918 00:51:39,888 --> 00:51:41,848 That's the time when morale breaks, 919 00:51:41,848 --> 00:51:44,643 when there's nothing whatsoever to do 920 00:51:44,643 --> 00:51:47,479 and nothing you can do about it. 921 00:51:50,398 --> 00:51:53,318 Then they experienced squabbling. 922 00:51:53,318 --> 00:51:55,362 Tuesday, March the 28th. 923 00:51:55,362 --> 00:51:56,905 This morning, there was quite a lot 924 00:51:56,905 --> 00:51:58,740 of unpleasantness on rising. 925 00:51:59,407 --> 00:52:00,784 Greenstreet got 926 00:52:00,784 --> 00:52:03,745 his precious ration of hot milk spilt, 927 00:52:04,287 --> 00:52:05,872 and he broke down. 928 00:52:06,748 --> 00:52:09,167 Quietly, everyone gathered around 929 00:52:09,167 --> 00:52:11,253 and poured out a tiny bit of milk 930 00:52:11,253 --> 00:52:12,546 into his cup. 931 00:52:13,505 --> 00:52:16,675 That really shows how on edge they all were, 932 00:52:16,675 --> 00:52:19,594 but also it shows they looked out for each other. 933 00:52:29,187 --> 00:52:30,522 Perfect. 934 00:52:32,816 --> 00:52:34,484 Okay. Robbie, everything is secured 935 00:52:34,484 --> 00:52:35,986 and all the slack is off the deck. 936 00:52:35,986 --> 00:52:37,445 You're clear to dive. 937 00:52:37,445 --> 00:52:38,947 Okay. Copy that. 938 00:52:38,947 --> 00:52:40,949 Diving to a 100 meters first. 939 00:52:40,949 --> 00:52:43,118 This dive could well be the difference 940 00:52:43,118 --> 00:52:46,204 {\an8}between a claim of finding a shipwreck 941 00:52:46,204 --> 00:52:47,664 {\an8}and seeing Endurance. 942 00:52:54,421 --> 00:52:55,630 Are we... 943 00:52:55,630 --> 00:52:57,382 going in for a quick inspection 944 00:52:57,382 --> 00:52:58,675 or what is... what's the plan? 945 00:52:58,675 --> 00:53:00,177 Yes, please. 946 00:53:00,177 --> 00:53:01,845 Okay, I'll start turning around. 947 00:53:20,488 --> 00:53:22,616 We feel we are on the target now? 948 00:53:22,616 --> 00:53:24,034 Yeah, I think this is it. 949 00:53:25,911 --> 00:53:28,163 This just looks like seabed to me, like... 950 00:53:31,249 --> 00:53:32,584 Stop, stop. 951 00:53:34,419 --> 00:53:35,670 Looks like a spoon 952 00:53:35,670 --> 00:53:38,006 sticking out of something, don't it? 953 00:53:38,006 --> 00:53:39,424 Look at the shape of that. 954 00:53:39,424 --> 00:53:40,675 I think it's a rock. 955 00:53:40,675 --> 00:53:42,594 You got marine growth here. 956 00:53:42,594 --> 00:53:44,471 - Yeah. - Looks like a piece of wood. 957 00:53:44,471 --> 00:53:46,097 I was gonna say it could be a heavy timber. 958 00:53:46,097 --> 00:53:47,933 Could be a bit of planking. 959 00:53:49,267 --> 00:53:52,395 It's true that the videos aren't extremely clear either, 960 00:53:52,395 --> 00:53:55,398 but there's no wreck or ship to be seen. 961 00:53:55,398 --> 00:53:57,859 I think there is no point to stay down here. 962 00:53:57,859 --> 00:54:00,028 - Okay. - Yeah, I think, uh... 963 00:54:00,028 --> 00:54:01,196 Continue the search. 964 00:54:01,196 --> 00:54:02,656 Resume the search. 965 00:54:03,698 --> 00:54:05,200 There's no doubt about it. 966 00:54:05,200 --> 00:54:06,910 We have a big debris field. 967 00:54:06,910 --> 00:54:09,079 It's manmade, it's from the wreck. 968 00:54:09,079 --> 00:54:13,959 So it's part of the vessel. Not the vessel. 969 00:54:13,959 --> 00:54:15,460 Yeah. 970 00:54:16,753 --> 00:54:21,299 I felt a big crack in my head and in my heart. 971 00:54:21,841 --> 00:54:24,761 I could hear Shackleton himself laughing his head off there 972 00:54:24,761 --> 00:54:26,763 somewhere in the, in the background, 973 00:54:26,763 --> 00:54:28,723 'cause we made fools of ourselves. 974 00:54:37,065 --> 00:54:38,900 And suddenly, the clock that had stopped 975 00:54:38,900 --> 00:54:40,318 just started again. 976 00:54:40,318 --> 00:54:41,903 "Tick, tick, tick, tick, tick." 977 00:54:41,903 --> 00:54:46,741 And we are back to racing against the clock. 978 00:54:47,325 --> 00:54:48,660 Pull up! 979 00:54:56,751 --> 00:54:58,211 You know, these, these side-scans 980 00:54:58,211 --> 00:54:59,671 really can play you false. 981 00:54:59,671 --> 00:55:02,215 We have made huge mistakes before in the past. 982 00:55:02,215 --> 00:55:05,593 We, we found the submarine, but we didn't recognize it. 983 00:55:05,593 --> 00:55:07,637 We thought it was wrong. That was... 984 00:55:07,637 --> 00:55:09,556 - Uh, yes, yeah. - ...an expensive mistake. 985 00:55:09,556 --> 00:55:12,475 Mm. Sometimes things don't go right 986 00:55:12,475 --> 00:55:14,227 for you in life, you know. 987 00:55:14,227 --> 00:55:16,062 I think we've all faced that, 988 00:55:16,062 --> 00:55:19,441 and it's coming back from that adversity 989 00:55:19,441 --> 00:55:21,484 and in 2019, it was a nightmare. 990 00:55:21,484 --> 00:55:22,610 Absolute nightmare. 991 00:55:22,610 --> 00:55:24,112 You put in your blog, Mensun, 992 00:55:24,112 --> 00:55:27,115 you said that we came back with our tail between our legs. 993 00:55:27,115 --> 00:55:28,700 - Oh, yeah. - I wouldn't have quite put it 994 00:55:28,700 --> 00:55:30,410 in those words, but that's what... 995 00:55:30,410 --> 00:55:31,619 - We did. - ...that's what you said. 996 00:55:31,619 --> 00:55:32,996 And here we are. 997 00:55:33,913 --> 00:55:36,124 And if sometimes you have to fail to succeed. 998 00:55:48,762 --> 00:55:51,890 {\an8}We had food only for four weeks. 999 00:55:51,890 --> 00:55:54,351 We had nothing to keep out the biting cold 1000 00:55:54,351 --> 00:55:55,810 save linen tents. 1001 00:55:56,895 --> 00:55:59,981 We are rusting and wasting our lives away 1002 00:55:59,981 --> 00:56:02,359 while the whole world is at war, 1003 00:56:02,359 --> 00:56:05,570 and we know nothing of how it goes. 1004 00:56:09,074 --> 00:56:10,784 Owing to the shortage of food 1005 00:56:10,784 --> 00:56:12,327 and the fact that we needed all 1006 00:56:12,327 --> 00:56:14,412 that we could get for ourselves, 1007 00:56:14,412 --> 00:56:16,915 I had to order the dogs to be shot. 1008 00:56:20,335 --> 00:56:22,003 I shot Sirius today. 1009 00:56:22,587 --> 00:56:24,089 {\an8}It went horribly against the grain 1010 00:56:24,089 --> 00:56:26,758 {\an8}to put an end to this fine young animal, 1011 00:56:26,758 --> 00:56:30,470 {\an8}which all the time was making joyous overtures to me. 1012 00:56:30,470 --> 00:56:32,055 {\an8}My hand was shaking so much 1013 00:56:32,055 --> 00:56:34,265 {\an8}that I had to use two cartridges 1014 00:56:34,265 --> 00:56:36,101 {\an8}to finish him off. 1015 00:56:36,101 --> 00:56:37,727 Poor beast. 1016 00:56:39,562 --> 00:56:42,315 The youngest pups that had been born on board 1017 00:56:42,315 --> 00:56:43,400 were shot, 1018 00:56:43,400 --> 00:56:44,651 and so was Mrs. Chippy, 1019 00:56:44,651 --> 00:56:46,111 the carpenter's cat. 1020 00:56:48,696 --> 00:56:50,281 There was not much fun in eating 1021 00:56:50,281 --> 00:56:51,616 the tough old dogs, 1022 00:56:52,158 --> 00:56:54,619 but the little puppies were tender. 1023 00:56:57,497 --> 00:56:58,998 A casual observer might think 1024 00:56:58,998 --> 00:57:01,835 {\an8}the explorer a frozen-hearted individual, 1025 00:57:01,835 --> 00:57:04,504 {\an8}especially if he noticed the mouths watering 1026 00:57:04,504 --> 00:57:06,714 {\an8}when tears ought to be expected. 1027 00:57:08,133 --> 00:57:11,761 Hunger brings us all to the level of other species. 1028 00:57:19,811 --> 00:57:22,188 On the 9th of April, their ice floe splits again, 1029 00:57:22,188 --> 00:57:23,356 and it's untenable. 1030 00:57:23,356 --> 00:57:25,733 They cannot live on these little slivers of ice, 1031 00:57:25,733 --> 00:57:27,735 and they take to the boats. 1032 00:57:29,112 --> 00:57:30,655 Getting into these open boats 1033 00:57:30,655 --> 00:57:32,907 is one of the most terrible things you can do. 1034 00:57:36,161 --> 00:57:38,496 {\an8}Shackleton took command of one boat, 1035 00:57:38,496 --> 00:57:39,789 {\an8}Hudson the smallest, 1036 00:57:39,789 --> 00:57:41,833 {\an8}and I was in charge of the third. 1037 00:57:44,294 --> 00:57:45,712 Right from the very start, 1038 00:57:45,712 --> 00:57:47,464 we ran into trouble. 1039 00:57:47,464 --> 00:57:50,842 {\an8}We were passing down a long, very wide lead, 1040 00:57:51,426 --> 00:57:53,178 {\an8}Shackleton in the leading boat, 1041 00:57:53,178 --> 00:57:56,306 {\an8}when we heard him shouting and pointing to port. 1042 00:57:57,807 --> 00:57:59,726 I couldn't believe my eyes. 1043 00:58:01,394 --> 00:58:05,106 The ice was rushing towards us just like a tidal wave. 1044 00:58:06,107 --> 00:58:09,277 We shouted to the boat astern and pulled for our lives. 1045 00:58:10,028 --> 00:58:13,072 And both of us cleared the point of impact. 1046 00:58:16,868 --> 00:58:18,786 {\an8}The journey got very much 1047 00:58:18,786 --> 00:58:20,288 {\an8}more difficult after that. 1048 00:58:20,288 --> 00:58:21,706 {\an8}Men get terrible diarrhea, 1049 00:58:21,706 --> 00:58:23,833 {\an8}their drinking water's contaminated, 1050 00:58:23,833 --> 00:58:27,504 their clothes are freezing solid on them. 1051 00:58:27,504 --> 00:58:29,881 Their feet are completely submerged 1052 00:58:29,881 --> 00:58:31,716 in freezing seawater. 1053 00:58:34,719 --> 00:58:35,845 Hopes were running high 1054 00:58:35,845 --> 00:58:38,223 as to the noon observation for position. 1055 00:58:39,891 --> 00:58:42,018 Worsley snapped the sun. 1056 00:58:43,102 --> 00:58:45,230 It was a grievous disappointment. 1057 00:58:47,106 --> 00:58:48,691 Rather than making progress, 1058 00:58:48,691 --> 00:58:51,486 they found to their absolute dismay 1059 00:58:51,486 --> 00:58:54,113 that they were 30 miles to the east 1060 00:58:54,113 --> 00:58:56,032 of where they'd started from. 1061 00:58:59,994 --> 00:59:02,163 Just given the way the wind is pushing, 1062 00:59:02,163 --> 00:59:04,624 Elephant Island quite quickly becomes 1063 00:59:04,624 --> 00:59:06,834 the most obvious destination. 1064 00:59:11,923 --> 00:59:14,217 Sea and wind increase and have to draw up 1065 00:59:14,217 --> 00:59:17,095 onto an old, isolated floe and pray to God 1066 00:59:17,095 --> 00:59:19,597 it will remain entire throughout the night. 1067 00:59:20,306 --> 00:59:25,144 No sleep for 48 hours, all wet, cold, and miserable. 1068 00:59:31,901 --> 00:59:33,570 When we woke next morning, 1069 00:59:33,570 --> 00:59:35,154 there was a huge sea running. 1070 00:59:35,154 --> 00:59:37,073 The ice had all closed round us, 1071 00:59:37,073 --> 00:59:40,076 and we were being battered by the huge floes. 1072 00:59:40,076 --> 00:59:42,745 There seemed no chance of saving our lives. 1073 00:59:42,745 --> 00:59:44,289 Then, to make matters worse, 1074 00:59:44,289 --> 00:59:46,374 a crack appeared right through the center. 1075 00:59:47,083 --> 00:59:49,294 {\an8}- We thought this the very end. 1076 00:59:50,003 --> 00:59:51,963 {\an8}And we were, all of us, 1077 00:59:51,963 --> 00:59:54,173 {\an8}at the point of shaking hands and saying, 1078 00:59:54,173 --> 00:59:57,135 "Well, cheerio, lads. This is the end. 1079 00:59:57,135 --> 00:59:59,137 A great game while it lasted." 1080 00:59:59,887 --> 01:00:01,806 When a miracle happened. 1081 01:00:01,806 --> 01:00:04,058 The ice started to recede from our floe 1082 01:00:04,058 --> 01:00:06,436 by some trick of the current 1083 01:00:06,436 --> 01:00:09,105 and left us in a big patch of open water. 1084 01:00:10,440 --> 01:00:13,067 Just one of these million-to-one chances 1085 01:00:13,067 --> 01:00:15,320 that sometimes come along at the right moment. 1086 01:00:21,826 --> 01:00:23,703 Shackleton was now very concerned 1087 01:00:23,703 --> 01:00:26,122 about the condition of many of his men. 1088 01:00:26,122 --> 01:00:28,249 All of us had swollen mouths 1089 01:00:28,249 --> 01:00:30,877 and found that we could hardly touch food. 1090 01:00:32,295 --> 01:00:34,756 We were dreadfully thirsty now. 1091 01:00:34,756 --> 01:00:37,133 We found that we could get momentary relief 1092 01:00:37,133 --> 01:00:39,552 by chewing pieces of raw seal meat 1093 01:00:39,552 --> 01:00:40,845 and swallowing the blood. 1094 01:00:41,429 --> 01:00:44,223 But thirst came back with redoubled force, 1095 01:00:44,223 --> 01:00:46,559 owing to the saltiness of the flesh. 1096 01:00:49,896 --> 01:00:51,606 They spot Elephant Island 1097 01:00:51,606 --> 01:00:52,940 in the afternoon. 1098 01:00:52,940 --> 01:00:55,485 They cannot risk approaching at night. 1099 01:00:56,110 --> 01:00:58,529 So they choose to tie the boats together 1100 01:00:58,529 --> 01:01:00,281 and wait out at sea. 1101 01:01:03,242 --> 01:01:05,620 I was seasick during this night 1102 01:01:05,620 --> 01:01:07,455 and very miserable, 1103 01:01:07,455 --> 01:01:09,999 sodden, frozen, and sick. 1104 01:01:09,999 --> 01:01:12,794 McLeod growled continually all night. 1105 01:01:12,794 --> 01:01:14,337 Men cursed each other, 1106 01:01:14,337 --> 01:01:18,049 and the sea, the boat and everything curseable. 1107 01:01:19,175 --> 01:01:21,177 That is when Perce Blackborow 1108 01:01:21,177 --> 01:01:24,263 first got very bad frostbite on his toes. 1109 01:01:26,641 --> 01:01:29,394 They're in a state of extraordinary misery. 1110 01:01:30,603 --> 01:01:34,691 Frank Wild said of that night that half of the expedition 1111 01:01:34,691 --> 01:01:38,569 were insane, helpless, and hopeless. 1112 01:01:50,164 --> 01:01:52,417 We have extended the search to the north 1113 01:01:52,417 --> 01:01:54,627 and for now we have found nothing. 1114 01:01:55,461 --> 01:01:58,381 {\an8}Here, there is a part of the Endurance. 1115 01:02:00,299 --> 01:02:02,969 {\an8}Okay? This is the only thing that we can say. 1116 01:02:02,969 --> 01:02:04,429 So now we have to do 1117 01:02:04,429 --> 01:02:07,390 the maximum of coverage in the minimum of time 1118 01:02:07,390 --> 01:02:10,309 and try to cover the entire search box. 1119 01:02:28,536 --> 01:02:30,705 {\an8}So what do we have to do to find the wreck? 1120 01:02:30,705 --> 01:02:32,039 {\an8}Oh, I don't know. 1121 01:02:32,039 --> 01:02:33,708 {\an8}Huh? What else? 1122 01:02:36,461 --> 01:02:37,920 So I discussed with the Falklands 1123 01:02:37,920 --> 01:02:39,046 Maritime Heritage Trust 1124 01:02:39,046 --> 01:02:41,132 about giving us an extension. 1125 01:02:41,883 --> 01:02:43,885 And, uh, they said yup, 1126 01:02:43,885 --> 01:02:45,887 we can take another 10 days on the charter. 1127 01:02:45,887 --> 01:02:49,140 But all depending on your judgment as captain 1128 01:02:49,766 --> 01:02:53,728 whether, uh, it's safe enough for us to stay on site. 1129 01:02:53,728 --> 01:02:55,062 I'm not opposed to that. 1130 01:02:55,062 --> 01:02:57,482 The ice dictates what needs to happen. 1131 01:02:57,482 --> 01:02:59,734 So, so we are thinking that we review it 1132 01:02:59,734 --> 01:03:02,320 on an hourly basis with you. 1133 01:03:02,320 --> 01:03:04,071 The only thing is, 1134 01:03:04,071 --> 01:03:06,908 I just have to make sure that we don't stay here 1135 01:03:06,908 --> 01:03:09,911 and become a, another Shackleton. 1136 01:03:33,643 --> 01:03:35,561 The coast of Elephant Island presented 1137 01:03:35,561 --> 01:03:39,106 a barrier of sheer cliff and glacier faces, 1138 01:03:39,106 --> 01:03:42,026 wild and savage beyond description. 1139 01:03:47,156 --> 01:03:48,616 You would never have recognized 1140 01:03:48,616 --> 01:03:51,118 {\an8}the crowd of men that landed on Elephant Island 1141 01:03:51,118 --> 01:03:53,120 {\an8}from those that got into the boats 1142 01:03:53,120 --> 01:03:56,123 {\an8}a week previous, haggard and drawn, 1143 01:03:56,123 --> 01:03:59,377 {\an8}split with frostbite from exposure. 1144 01:03:59,377 --> 01:04:03,089 {\an8}We had aged 20 years in a week. 1145 01:04:05,758 --> 01:04:08,761 Many suffered from temporary aberration, 1146 01:04:08,761 --> 01:04:10,429 walking aimlessly about, 1147 01:04:10,429 --> 01:04:13,140 others shivering as with palsy. 1148 01:04:17,728 --> 01:04:20,022 They were laughing uproariously, 1149 01:04:20,022 --> 01:04:22,441 picking up stones and letting handfuls of pebbles 1150 01:04:22,441 --> 01:04:23,901 trickle between their fingers, 1151 01:04:23,901 --> 01:04:27,071 like misers gloating over hoarded gold. 1152 01:04:30,908 --> 01:04:34,662 {\an8}Conceive our joy on setting foot on solid earth 1153 01:04:34,662 --> 01:04:37,081 {\an8}after 170 days of life 1154 01:04:37,081 --> 01:04:39,166 {\an8}on a drifting ice floe. 1155 01:04:40,835 --> 01:04:43,462 {\an8}The first thing to do was have a drink. 1156 01:04:45,506 --> 01:04:47,884 {\an8}If I live to be a hundred, I shall never forget 1157 01:04:47,884 --> 01:04:49,552 {\an8}the feeling of that hot drink 1158 01:04:49,552 --> 01:04:51,053 {\an8}going down my throat. 1159 01:04:51,762 --> 01:04:54,390 I wished that I had a neck like a giraffe 1160 01:04:54,390 --> 01:04:57,810 so as to prolong that exquisite feeling. 1161 01:05:01,939 --> 01:05:04,317 "Thank God I haven't killed one of my men," 1162 01:05:04,317 --> 01:05:06,777 {\an8}Shackleton said in our first confidential talk 1163 01:05:06,777 --> 01:05:08,738 {\an8}on Elephant Island. 1164 01:05:08,738 --> 01:05:10,907 {\an8}Shackleton had always insisted 1165 01:05:10,907 --> 01:05:12,867 {\an8}that the ultimate responsibility 1166 01:05:12,867 --> 01:05:14,327 {\an8}for anything that befell us 1167 01:05:14,327 --> 01:05:16,329 {\an8}was his and his only. 1168 01:05:17,496 --> 01:05:19,874 His attitude was almost patriarchal. 1169 01:05:20,666 --> 01:05:22,293 This may have accounted for the men's 1170 01:05:22,293 --> 01:05:24,629 unquestioning devotion to him. 1171 01:05:30,801 --> 01:05:33,137 Today, our first job was to build a house. 1172 01:05:33,971 --> 01:05:36,807 {\an8}We piled up some rocks, turned the two small boats 1173 01:05:36,807 --> 01:05:38,351 {\an8}upside down on top of them, 1174 01:05:38,351 --> 01:05:40,937 {\an8}and packed ice and snow into the cracks. 1175 01:05:40,937 --> 01:05:44,815 {\an8}It was a dreadful little hut. We had no light at first. 1176 01:05:45,900 --> 01:05:47,151 Then we made a little lamp 1177 01:05:47,151 --> 01:05:49,070 by stewing down some seal blubber 1178 01:05:49,070 --> 01:05:51,364 with a piece of twisted bandage for a wick. 1179 01:05:52,073 --> 01:05:54,450 The lamp burned with a tiny smoky flame 1180 01:05:54,450 --> 01:05:57,870 that only made the darkness seem darker. 1181 01:05:57,870 --> 01:06:00,623 But Shackleton very quickly realized 1182 01:06:00,623 --> 01:06:01,749 that they couldn't stay. 1183 01:06:01,749 --> 01:06:04,418 It wasn't a place where the whalers went. 1184 01:06:04,418 --> 01:06:07,171 Nobody was going to rescue them there. 1185 01:06:08,130 --> 01:06:09,590 To remain meant death 1186 01:06:09,590 --> 01:06:12,510 from slow starvation or from exposure. 1187 01:06:12,510 --> 01:06:14,470 The situation was desperate. 1188 01:06:14,470 --> 01:06:17,848 But again, our leader rose to the occasion. 1189 01:06:19,892 --> 01:06:23,104 He decides their only realistic way of escape 1190 01:06:23,104 --> 01:06:26,023 {\an8}is to take with him five fit strong sailors 1191 01:06:26,023 --> 01:06:28,109 {\an8}and then use the prevailing winds 1192 01:06:28,109 --> 01:06:30,319 {\an8}to undertake an 800-mile journey 1193 01:06:30,319 --> 01:06:32,571 {\an8}across the most terrifying stretch of ocean 1194 01:06:32,571 --> 01:06:35,199 on the planet, towards South Georgia, 1195 01:06:35,199 --> 01:06:37,535 where they can seek help and hopefully come back 1196 01:06:37,535 --> 01:06:39,787 and rescue everyone they've left behind. 1197 01:06:42,790 --> 01:06:46,377 {\an8}"I'm afraid it's a forlorn hope," he said. 1198 01:06:46,377 --> 01:06:47,878 {\an8}"I don't ask anyone to come 1199 01:06:47,878 --> 01:06:50,589 {\an8}who has not thoroughly weighed the chances." 1200 01:06:51,507 --> 01:06:55,886 The moment he ceased speaking, every man volunteered. 1201 01:06:55,886 --> 01:06:57,680 Five of us were chosen. 1202 01:06:58,889 --> 01:07:00,641 To give himself slightly better odds, 1203 01:07:00,641 --> 01:07:03,436 he did make some changes to the biggest 1204 01:07:03,436 --> 01:07:05,980 and most seaworthy of their lifeboats, 1205 01:07:05,980 --> 01:07:08,024 the James Caird. 1206 01:07:08,024 --> 01:07:09,942 He put extra planking on the side. 1207 01:07:09,942 --> 01:07:13,320 They covered some of the open boat with canvas. 1208 01:07:13,320 --> 01:07:16,657 They filled up the bottom of the boat with ballasts, 1209 01:07:16,657 --> 01:07:18,659 and they put the mast of one of the other boats 1210 01:07:18,659 --> 01:07:21,454 down the keel to stop it flexing so much. 1211 01:07:24,081 --> 01:07:25,666 {\an8}April 23rd. 1212 01:07:25,666 --> 01:07:27,668 {\an8}The Caird is nearing completion 1213 01:07:27,668 --> 01:07:30,421 {\an8}and God willing leaves tomorrow. 1214 01:07:33,132 --> 01:07:34,258 {\an8}It is a dreadful thing 1215 01:07:34,258 --> 01:07:35,843 {\an8}to face your shipmates. 1216 01:07:35,843 --> 01:07:38,763 {\an8}Men who have been through thick and thin with you. 1217 01:07:38,763 --> 01:07:41,974 {\an8}And to realize that in all probability 1218 01:07:41,974 --> 01:07:44,185 {\an8}it is for the last time. 1219 01:07:44,185 --> 01:07:46,896 And to know that if you fail to come back, 1220 01:07:46,896 --> 01:07:49,440 they will starve to death. 1221 01:07:58,699 --> 01:08:01,702 By 12:30, the Caird hoisted sail 1222 01:08:01,702 --> 01:08:04,455 to three ringing cheers from the shore. 1223 01:08:10,878 --> 01:08:12,755 We all pretended to have high spirits 1224 01:08:12,755 --> 01:08:15,716 as we cheered and waved to our comrades. 1225 01:08:15,716 --> 01:08:19,970 Even though in our hearts, we felt strangely forlorn. 1226 01:08:29,355 --> 01:08:30,773 Woo! 1227 01:08:30,773 --> 01:08:32,608 Cold. Cold. Cold. Cold. 1228 01:08:34,360 --> 01:08:35,694 The ice is stopping it. 1229 01:08:36,237 --> 01:08:37,238 Just freezing. 1230 01:08:37,238 --> 01:08:38,614 It was bitterly cold. 1231 01:08:38,614 --> 01:08:40,032 And the guys are working out there, 1232 01:08:40,032 --> 01:08:42,368 and they're not complaining, they're just getting on with it. 1233 01:08:42,368 --> 01:08:43,828 {\an8}But, you know, they're getting tired, 1234 01:08:43,828 --> 01:08:46,622 {\an8}and it's, um, and it takes it out of you. 1235 01:09:06,725 --> 01:09:08,519 Come on, come on, come on. 1236 01:09:08,519 --> 01:09:09,979 Just a bit of debris... 1237 01:09:10,729 --> 01:09:13,107 with an arrow would be good. 1238 01:09:26,537 --> 01:09:27,913 We're not finding anything at all. 1239 01:09:27,913 --> 01:09:30,207 And the temperatures are gonna go basically, 1240 01:09:30,207 --> 01:09:32,793 off a cliff in the next few days. 1241 01:09:32,793 --> 01:09:35,129 And we'll have to call the search off. 1242 01:09:39,175 --> 01:09:40,217 It's getting a bit, 1243 01:09:40,217 --> 01:09:41,594 sorta like disheartening now, isn't it? 1244 01:09:41,594 --> 01:09:44,513 - Yeah. - It's just like, pff. 1245 01:09:44,513 --> 01:09:46,599 Okay, we'll call that end of line now. Yeah? 1246 01:09:46,599 --> 01:09:49,435 Okay. End of line. 1247 01:09:49,435 --> 01:09:51,478 So it was not there. 1248 01:09:53,689 --> 01:09:57,151 Y-you know, your hopes go sky-high, 1249 01:09:57,151 --> 01:10:00,070 and then, you know, it's like a right hook to the chin, 1250 01:10:00,070 --> 01:10:01,739 and, pompf, down you go. 1251 01:10:03,991 --> 01:10:06,368 We are running out of days, aren't we? 1252 01:10:06,368 --> 01:10:07,453 - Yeah. - Yeah. 1253 01:10:23,135 --> 01:10:25,554 On the 24th of April, Shackleton sets off, 1254 01:10:25,554 --> 01:10:27,932 and he wasn't a day too soon. 1255 01:10:27,932 --> 01:10:29,350 The following day, 1256 01:10:29,350 --> 01:10:31,894 Elephant Island was surrounded by ice. 1257 01:10:32,770 --> 01:10:34,688 They'd have been trapped there for another winter. 1258 01:10:41,779 --> 01:10:43,322 {\an8}The ocean south of Cape Horn 1259 01:10:43,322 --> 01:10:44,990 {\an8}in the middle of May is known to be 1260 01:10:44,990 --> 01:10:47,910 {\an8}the most tempestuous storm-swept area 1261 01:10:47,910 --> 01:10:49,203 {\an8}of water in the world. 1262 01:10:55,209 --> 01:10:56,752 So small was our boat 1263 01:10:56,752 --> 01:10:59,421 and so great were the seas that often our sail 1264 01:10:59,421 --> 01:11:00,839 flapped idly in the calm 1265 01:11:00,839 --> 01:11:02,967 between the crests of two waves. 1266 01:11:07,012 --> 01:11:09,390 {\an8}A great sea would break over us, 1267 01:11:09,390 --> 01:11:12,017 {\an8}pouring water in streams over everything 1268 01:11:12,017 --> 01:11:14,979 {\an8}and making us feel we were under a waterfall. 1269 01:11:19,066 --> 01:11:22,528 Gradually, the constant soaking caused our legs and feet 1270 01:11:22,528 --> 01:11:24,446 to swell, turn white, 1271 01:11:24,446 --> 01:11:27,074 and lose all surface sensibility. 1272 01:11:29,952 --> 01:11:31,620 Over on Elephant Island, 1273 01:11:31,620 --> 01:11:33,622 22 men were waiting for the relief 1274 01:11:33,622 --> 01:11:35,749 that we alone could secure for them. 1275 01:11:36,917 --> 01:11:39,586 Their plight was worse than ours. 1276 01:11:41,422 --> 01:11:42,673 Well, the hut was cramped 1277 01:11:42,673 --> 01:11:44,633 {\an8}and dark and dirty, 1278 01:11:44,633 --> 01:11:46,635 {\an8}and we were dark and dirty too. 1279 01:11:46,635 --> 01:11:48,887 {\an8}We had no bread or biscuits 1280 01:11:48,887 --> 01:11:51,056 and sometimes days and days would go by 1281 01:11:51,056 --> 01:11:53,934 without seal or penguin appearing on the island. 1282 01:11:55,519 --> 01:11:56,979 I think that few people in the world 1283 01:11:56,979 --> 01:11:59,606 have been as hungry as we were and have survived. 1284 01:12:02,192 --> 01:12:05,404 Life here is almost beyond endurance. 1285 01:12:06,238 --> 01:12:09,158 {\an8}We pray that the Caird may reach South Georgia safely 1286 01:12:09,158 --> 01:12:11,160 {\an8}and bring relief without delay. 1287 01:12:19,043 --> 01:12:20,627 Worsley tells them the course 1288 01:12:20,627 --> 01:12:22,755 to steer if they want to hit South Georgia. 1289 01:12:24,631 --> 01:12:27,009 If they sailed past South Georgia, 1290 01:12:27,009 --> 01:12:29,345 {\an8}there was nothing till the coast of Africa 1291 01:12:29,345 --> 01:12:30,846 {\an8}thousands of miles ahead. 1292 01:12:30,846 --> 01:12:34,058 {\an8}They would perish somewhere in the South Atlantic. 1293 01:12:38,687 --> 01:12:40,105 At midnight, I was at the tiller 1294 01:12:40,105 --> 01:12:44,401 {\an8}and suddenly noticed a line of clear sky. 1295 01:12:44,401 --> 01:12:47,279 {\an8}I called to the other men that the sky was clearing. 1296 01:12:47,946 --> 01:12:50,491 And then a moment later, I realized that what I had seen 1297 01:12:50,491 --> 01:12:53,369 was the white crest of an enormous wave. 1298 01:12:54,078 --> 01:12:57,623 I shouted, "For God's sake, hold on!" 1299 01:12:58,290 --> 01:13:01,919 I had never encountered a wave so gigantic. 1300 01:13:19,686 --> 01:13:21,814 But somehow the boat lived through it, 1301 01:13:21,814 --> 01:13:23,649 half full of water. 1302 01:13:25,025 --> 01:13:28,070 We bailed with the energy of men fighting for life. 1303 01:13:29,279 --> 01:13:32,032 Not until 3:00 a.m., when we were all chilled, 1304 01:13:32,032 --> 01:13:34,076 almost to the limit of endurance, 1305 01:13:34,076 --> 01:13:36,370 did we manage to get the stove alight 1306 01:13:36,370 --> 01:13:38,622 and make ourselves hot drinks. 1307 01:13:43,669 --> 01:13:45,212 They started seeing some positive signs. 1308 01:13:45,212 --> 01:13:46,672 They saw seabirds 1309 01:13:46,672 --> 01:13:49,133 they knew didn't venture that far from land. 1310 01:13:50,634 --> 01:13:52,052 At 1 o'clock in the afternoon, 1311 01:13:52,052 --> 01:13:55,305 we saw the peaks of South Georgia straight ahead. 1312 01:13:58,225 --> 01:14:00,227 But when they got to South Georgia, 1313 01:14:00,227 --> 01:14:02,229 they were on the wrong side of the island. 1314 01:14:02,229 --> 01:14:04,231 Where they wanted to be was the other side, 1315 01:14:04,231 --> 01:14:06,817 which is where the whaling stations were. 1316 01:14:07,943 --> 01:14:09,611 Shackleton thought that Vincent 1317 01:14:09,611 --> 01:14:11,447 and McNish were at death's door. 1318 01:14:11,447 --> 01:14:15,242 He could not risk sailing all the way around South Georgia. 1319 01:14:15,826 --> 01:14:17,703 They stopped in the dying light 1320 01:14:17,703 --> 01:14:19,455 'cause they couldn't go in shore 1321 01:14:19,455 --> 01:14:21,331 without being able to see properly. 1322 01:14:22,833 --> 01:14:25,335 Suddenly, the wind shifted on shore 1323 01:14:25,335 --> 01:14:26,587 and increased to a gale 1324 01:14:26,587 --> 01:14:29,214 of the most extraordinary violence. 1325 01:14:37,890 --> 01:14:39,558 The mast bent with the force of it, 1326 01:14:39,558 --> 01:14:40,767 and at one moment, we thought 1327 01:14:40,767 --> 01:14:42,186 it was going to snap. 1328 01:14:43,979 --> 01:14:46,398 The bow planks on each side opened and closed 1329 01:14:46,398 --> 01:14:49,860 so that long lines of water squirted into her. 1330 01:14:53,697 --> 01:14:54,781 The chance of surviving 1331 01:14:54,781 --> 01:14:56,909 the night seemed small. 1332 01:14:56,909 --> 01:14:58,619 I think most of us had a feeling 1333 01:14:58,619 --> 01:15:00,829 that the end was very near. 1334 01:15:06,960 --> 01:15:12,049 Then, just when things looked their worst, they changed. 1335 01:15:12,799 --> 01:15:14,468 The wind suddenly shifted. 1336 01:15:16,303 --> 01:15:18,722 I have marveled often at the thin line 1337 01:15:18,722 --> 01:15:21,600 {\an8}that divides success from failure 1338 01:15:22,351 --> 01:15:25,229 {\an8}and the sudden turn that leads from certain disaster 1339 01:15:25,229 --> 01:15:27,231 {\an8}to comparative safety. 1340 01:15:29,942 --> 01:15:31,235 Then finally, on the 10th of May, 1341 01:15:31,235 --> 01:15:33,237 they threaded through some rocks. 1342 01:15:33,237 --> 01:15:36,323 They landed and they dragged themselves up the beach. 1343 01:15:37,282 --> 01:15:40,410 One more night at sea and they would've certainly perished. 1344 01:15:46,583 --> 01:15:48,252 It is remaining... 1345 01:15:49,461 --> 01:15:52,214 - Elusive. - Yep. 1346 01:15:52,214 --> 01:15:55,634 The light blue line is the area covered, 1347 01:15:55,634 --> 01:15:58,637 and the remaining large area is the south channel 1348 01:15:58,637 --> 01:16:01,557 on the next dive it will be most probably on this block 1349 01:16:01,557 --> 01:16:03,642 and we start to move to the east. 1350 01:16:03,642 --> 01:16:04,726 And then what? 1351 01:16:04,726 --> 01:16:06,562 Do you think we are going to stay further to the south? 1352 01:16:07,563 --> 01:16:09,773 For the moment my order is 1353 01:16:09,773 --> 01:16:11,316 cover the box. 1354 01:16:11,316 --> 01:16:12,526 Okay. 1355 01:16:17,614 --> 01:16:19,783 {\an8}This is it. We-- on this dive, right here, 1356 01:16:19,783 --> 01:16:21,410 we're gonna find the Endurance. 1357 01:16:24,913 --> 01:16:27,541 We have only a few days left. 1358 01:16:27,541 --> 01:16:28,875 Winter is coming. 1359 01:16:28,875 --> 01:16:30,377 Among all the people on board, 1360 01:16:30,377 --> 01:16:32,921 {\an8}we started to discuss a lot 1361 01:16:32,921 --> 01:16:34,965 {\an8}about how does Worsley know 1362 01:16:34,965 --> 01:16:37,884 where the sinking position was. 1363 01:16:37,884 --> 01:16:40,053 He just estimated. 1364 01:16:40,053 --> 01:16:43,724 He hadn't been able to get a site for three days before, 1365 01:16:43,724 --> 01:16:46,768 and it wasn't until the day after the ship sank 1366 01:16:46,768 --> 01:16:49,146 that he was able to get his next fix, 1367 01:16:49,146 --> 01:16:52,232 so what was the direction of drift in between? 1368 01:16:52,232 --> 01:16:53,817 That was the challenge. 1369 01:17:02,367 --> 01:17:03,952 We just came up with this idea now 1370 01:17:03,952 --> 01:17:07,289 during the cruise to use a dataset called ERA-20. 1371 01:17:07,289 --> 01:17:12,127 It's a big European project to, um, calculate the climate 1372 01:17:12,127 --> 01:17:14,171 and weather of the past 100 years 1373 01:17:14,171 --> 01:17:16,632 based on weather station data and physical models. 1374 01:17:16,632 --> 01:17:19,259 Then we calculated the drift trajectory, 1375 01:17:19,259 --> 01:17:22,471 uh, the Endurance might have had 1376 01:17:22,471 --> 01:17:24,514 around the 21st of November. 1377 01:17:24,514 --> 01:17:26,933 So then the sinking location would have been here 1378 01:17:26,933 --> 01:17:30,062 in the southern edge of the box. 1379 01:17:30,062 --> 01:17:33,273 In addition, John and me, we had the idea 1380 01:17:33,273 --> 01:17:37,444 to look into the meteorological observations 1381 01:17:37,444 --> 01:17:39,488 of Hussey from that day. 1382 01:17:40,572 --> 01:17:42,199 The Hussey's observations are great 1383 01:17:42,199 --> 01:17:43,867 because they are real observations, 1384 01:17:43,867 --> 01:17:45,160 but they don't cover the night. 1385 01:17:45,160 --> 01:17:48,163 So I just threw the data into a model product 1386 01:17:48,163 --> 01:17:50,082 from re-analysis, which is basically a, 1387 01:17:50,082 --> 01:17:51,917 a weather model run backwards. 1388 01:17:51,917 --> 01:17:53,835 And actually we have quite some confidence 1389 01:17:53,835 --> 01:17:56,963 that between the 18th and the 22nd, 1390 01:17:56,963 --> 01:18:00,217 uh, the Endurance somehow went south. 1391 01:18:00,217 --> 01:18:03,470 That Worsley had no means of, of observing it. 1392 01:18:03,470 --> 01:18:05,138 So we do have to cover that southern part 1393 01:18:05,138 --> 01:18:06,682 of the search area in any case, 1394 01:18:06,682 --> 01:18:08,225 which is where you're pointing us to. 1395 01:18:08,225 --> 01:18:10,102 Nico, you're very quiet though. 1396 01:18:11,103 --> 01:18:12,646 You're just ingesting it all. 1397 01:18:12,646 --> 01:18:13,939 Yeah. 1398 01:18:13,939 --> 01:18:15,941 You know, I am like a old computer. 1399 01:18:15,941 --> 01:18:18,485 When I'm thinking too much, the screen freezing. 1400 01:18:22,072 --> 01:18:23,490 {\an8}Good? 1401 01:18:24,574 --> 01:18:27,577 {\an8}For me, for the sub-sea operation point of view, 1402 01:18:27,577 --> 01:18:34,000 the real question is why we are discovering this now, 1403 01:18:34,000 --> 01:18:35,544 and not a year ago? 1404 01:18:37,879 --> 01:18:39,464 Thirty percent of the box left 1405 01:18:39,464 --> 01:18:42,592 and now he makes this wonderful flipping prediction. 1406 01:18:42,592 --> 01:18:44,219 If it's not in, i-i-i-it's not 1407 01:18:44,219 --> 01:18:46,012 in a place that we surveyed already. 1408 01:18:46,012 --> 01:18:47,681 So what he's basically said is it's somewhere 1409 01:18:47,681 --> 01:18:50,267 that we haven't surveyed or somewhere else. 1410 01:18:50,267 --> 01:18:52,519 Right. That-- i-it's is not a prediction. 1411 01:18:52,519 --> 01:18:53,854 I can make that prediction. 1412 01:18:53,854 --> 01:18:55,439 I didn't go to flipping university 1413 01:18:55,439 --> 01:18:57,941 and learn about flipping which ice goes best 1414 01:18:57,941 --> 01:18:59,526 in me gin and tonic. 1415 01:19:09,161 --> 01:19:12,247 What's our percentage complete now? Roughly? 1416 01:19:12,247 --> 01:19:14,374 Uh... 73%. 1417 01:19:14,374 --> 01:19:16,710 Starting to run out of some area here. 1418 01:19:19,379 --> 01:19:21,047 Now that we have, um, 1419 01:19:21,047 --> 01:19:24,092 a drift forecast, we have to link this 1420 01:19:24,092 --> 01:19:26,887 with the reality of the debris field that we have. 1421 01:19:26,887 --> 01:19:29,264 So if we apply the drift model 1422 01:19:29,264 --> 01:19:31,975 on the large area of debris of the wreck, 1423 01:19:31,975 --> 01:19:36,521 then the wreck might be anywhere from here to here. 1424 01:19:36,521 --> 01:19:40,150 But all this area has already been covered except... 1425 01:19:40,150 --> 01:19:42,068 Except for that little spot there. 1426 01:19:42,068 --> 01:19:43,403 Except this little spot. 1427 01:19:43,403 --> 01:19:46,323 So we have to search on this area. 1428 01:19:49,951 --> 01:19:52,913 The more the days go by, the more I think, 1429 01:19:52,913 --> 01:19:56,917 "How can you be part of Shackleton's story and give up?" 1430 01:20:06,426 --> 01:20:07,969 Shackleton was now 1431 01:20:07,969 --> 01:20:10,680 on the remote, uninhabited side 1432 01:20:10,680 --> 01:20:13,934 of one of the most isolated islands on earth. 1433 01:20:13,934 --> 01:20:17,187 He had to get round to the whaling stations. 1434 01:20:19,397 --> 01:20:21,191 I realized that the condition, 1435 01:20:21,191 --> 01:20:23,360 particularly of McNish and Vincent, 1436 01:20:23,360 --> 01:20:25,695 would prevent us putting to sea again. 1437 01:20:27,280 --> 01:20:30,867 {\an8}The alternative was to attempt crossing the island. 1438 01:20:30,867 --> 01:20:32,285 {\an8}The island of South Georgia 1439 01:20:32,285 --> 01:20:34,663 {\an8}had never been crossed by anybody. 1440 01:20:34,663 --> 01:20:37,791 The whalers regarded the country as inaccessible. 1441 01:20:39,584 --> 01:20:41,795 Shackleton knew that the mountain crossing 1442 01:20:41,795 --> 01:20:44,798 was the desperate gamble of dying men. 1443 01:20:47,843 --> 01:20:49,886 Worsley and Crean were coming with me, 1444 01:20:50,762 --> 01:20:52,973 and after consultation, we decided to leave 1445 01:20:52,973 --> 01:20:54,474 the sleeping bags behind 1446 01:20:54,474 --> 01:20:58,061 and make the journey in very light marching order. 1447 01:20:59,729 --> 01:21:01,481 Our equipment was three days' food 1448 01:21:01,481 --> 01:21:03,650 {\an8}slung around our necks in a sock, 1449 01:21:03,650 --> 01:21:04,818 {\an8}the old Primus lamp, 1450 01:21:04,818 --> 01:21:08,363 an ax to cut steps in the ice, my little compass, 1451 01:21:08,363 --> 01:21:10,866 and a blueprint map of South Georgia. 1452 01:21:11,700 --> 01:21:13,201 The carpenter assisted me 1453 01:21:13,201 --> 01:21:16,288 by putting several screws in the sole of each boot, 1454 01:21:16,288 --> 01:21:18,540 providing a grip on the ice. 1455 01:21:20,792 --> 01:21:22,919 He decided to make a nonstop march 1456 01:21:22,919 --> 01:21:24,671 as soon as the weather was clear. 1457 01:21:33,013 --> 01:21:34,890 Life on Elephant Island was grim. 1458 01:21:35,432 --> 01:21:37,475 The men suffered terribly. 1459 01:21:38,476 --> 01:21:40,729 Very often, we were almost down 1460 01:21:40,729 --> 01:21:44,399 to our last meal when something would turn up. 1461 01:21:44,399 --> 01:21:47,193 A seal or some storm-driven penguins 1462 01:21:47,193 --> 01:21:50,363 and we were safe again for a few days. 1463 01:21:55,285 --> 01:21:57,454 Today, McIlroy operated 1464 01:21:57,454 --> 01:21:58,538 on Blackborow, 1465 01:21:58,538 --> 01:22:01,499 amputating all toes of the left foot. 1466 01:22:02,751 --> 01:22:05,587 We managed to sterilize instruments pretty well. 1467 01:22:06,421 --> 01:22:09,299 We had no sterilized overalls to get into. 1468 01:22:09,299 --> 01:22:11,635 We merely stripped to our vest. 1469 01:22:13,303 --> 01:22:14,638 I was one of the few who witnessed 1470 01:22:14,638 --> 01:22:17,724 the operation, and it was most interesting. 1471 01:22:19,184 --> 01:22:20,977 The poor beggar behaved splendidly, 1472 01:22:21,519 --> 01:22:23,647 and it went through without a hitch. 1473 01:22:31,279 --> 01:22:33,615 {\an8}At 2:00 a.m. on Friday, May the 19th, 1474 01:22:33,615 --> 01:22:35,575 {\an8}the weather was fine and clear, 1475 01:22:35,575 --> 01:22:38,536 {\an8}and the moon was shining brilliantly. 1476 01:22:39,496 --> 01:22:42,582 Shackleton said, "We will start now, Skipper." 1477 01:22:44,417 --> 01:22:46,753 Shackleton insists on breaking trail, 1478 01:22:46,753 --> 01:22:48,797 being the first to go through the snow 1479 01:22:48,797 --> 01:22:51,549 so others behind would have an easier trek. 1480 01:22:52,968 --> 01:22:55,095 After two hours steady climbing, 1481 01:22:55,095 --> 01:22:57,889 we were 2,500 feet above sea level. 1482 01:23:00,058 --> 01:23:01,309 The bright moonlight showed us 1483 01:23:01,309 --> 01:23:04,187 that the interior was broken tremendously. 1484 01:23:08,024 --> 01:23:12,862 Then, as daylight came, the fog thinned and lifted. 1485 01:23:14,322 --> 01:23:16,116 With the complete clearance of the mist, 1486 01:23:16,116 --> 01:23:18,743 we saw, to our sharp disappointment, 1487 01:23:18,743 --> 01:23:21,204 what we had taken for a frozen lake 1488 01:23:21,204 --> 01:23:22,998 was an arm of the sea. 1489 01:23:23,957 --> 01:23:26,710 So we retraced our steps down the long slope 1490 01:23:26,710 --> 01:23:29,295 that had taken us three hours to climb. 1491 01:23:30,714 --> 01:23:32,549 Shackleton said, grimly, 1492 01:23:32,549 --> 01:23:35,427 "We shall have to go on to the next, boys." 1493 01:23:37,095 --> 01:23:39,431 This happened three times. 1494 01:23:43,643 --> 01:23:45,186 We had now been 1495 01:23:45,186 --> 01:23:46,813 on the march for over 20 hours, 1496 01:23:46,813 --> 01:23:49,607 only halting for our occasional meals. 1497 01:23:54,112 --> 01:23:56,573 At one point, Crean and Worsley 1498 01:23:56,573 --> 01:23:59,200 dropped off to sleep during one of their pauses. 1499 01:23:59,200 --> 01:24:01,661 Shackleton says he had this irresistible urge 1500 01:24:01,661 --> 01:24:02,746 to join them in sleep, 1501 01:24:02,746 --> 01:24:04,497 but he knew that sleep meant death. 1502 01:24:06,249 --> 01:24:07,792 After five minutes, I shook them 1503 01:24:07,792 --> 01:24:09,377 into consciousness again, 1504 01:24:09,377 --> 01:24:11,921 told them that they had slept for half an hour, 1505 01:24:12,464 --> 01:24:14,674 and gave the word for a fresh start. 1506 01:24:17,427 --> 01:24:18,845 And then, on the night 1507 01:24:18,845 --> 01:24:20,388 of the 19th of May, 1508 01:24:20,388 --> 01:24:22,307 they were high up in the mountains 1509 01:24:22,307 --> 01:24:23,641 and they realized they were gonna die. 1510 01:24:23,641 --> 01:24:26,352 It was far too cold and exposed up there. 1511 01:24:27,687 --> 01:24:29,898 The situation looked grim enough. 1512 01:24:29,898 --> 01:24:34,194 Fog cut off our retreat. Darkness covered our advance. 1513 01:24:34,194 --> 01:24:36,696 It was useless to continue in this fashion. 1514 01:24:37,947 --> 01:24:41,451 Shackleton said, "We've got to take a risk. 1515 01:24:42,077 --> 01:24:43,369 We'll slide." 1516 01:24:45,330 --> 01:24:48,833 Slide down what was practically a precipice 1517 01:24:48,833 --> 01:24:50,418 to meet... what? 1518 01:24:51,961 --> 01:24:54,380 Still, it was the only way. 1519 01:24:58,802 --> 01:25:01,304 Shackleton sat on the large step he had carved, 1520 01:25:01,304 --> 01:25:03,348 and I sat behind him. 1521 01:25:03,348 --> 01:25:04,724 Crean did the same with me 1522 01:25:04,724 --> 01:25:07,310 so that we were locked together as one. 1523 01:25:08,311 --> 01:25:09,938 Then Shackleton kicked off. 1524 01:25:10,772 --> 01:25:13,900 We seemed to shoot into space. 1525 01:25:15,235 --> 01:25:17,237 They simply tobogganed off 1526 01:25:17,237 --> 01:25:18,696 into the unknown. 1527 01:25:30,875 --> 01:25:33,378 We finished in a snow bank. 1528 01:25:33,378 --> 01:25:37,340 We had shot down a mile in two or three minutes. 1529 01:25:38,508 --> 01:25:41,970 We picked ourselves up and shook hands all round. 1530 01:25:42,595 --> 01:25:45,765 "It's not good to do that kind of thing too often," 1531 01:25:45,765 --> 01:25:47,517 said Shackleton. 1532 01:25:51,771 --> 01:25:53,481 At 6:30 a.m., 1533 01:25:53,481 --> 01:25:56,067 I thought I heard the sound of a steam whistle. 1534 01:25:57,235 --> 01:25:59,028 I dared not be certain. 1535 01:26:01,197 --> 01:26:02,323 Seven o'clock came, 1536 01:26:02,323 --> 01:26:04,742 and we listened intently. 1537 01:26:04,742 --> 01:26:06,953 Then, clear across the mountains 1538 01:26:06,953 --> 01:26:08,663 in the still morning air 1539 01:26:08,663 --> 01:26:11,374 came the sound of steam whistles 1540 01:26:11,374 --> 01:26:14,377 of the whaling factories bidding the men. 1541 01:26:15,503 --> 01:26:18,298 {\an8}It was the first signal of civilization 1542 01:26:18,298 --> 01:26:20,967 {\an8}that we had heard for nearly two years. 1543 01:26:24,429 --> 01:26:26,055 Our old friend, Captain Sørlle, 1544 01:26:26,055 --> 01:26:28,641 who had entertained us two years previously 1545 01:26:28,641 --> 01:26:31,686 when the expedition had touched Stromness Bay, 1546 01:26:31,686 --> 01:26:35,607 failed to recognize us as we stood on his doorstep. 1547 01:26:37,066 --> 01:26:40,195 I said, my name is Shackleton. 1548 01:26:40,737 --> 01:26:42,572 He was extremely pleased to see us 1549 01:26:42,572 --> 01:26:44,866 and at once took us into his house. 1550 01:26:44,866 --> 01:26:47,827 We had baths, our beards came off, 1551 01:26:47,827 --> 01:26:50,747 and we felt like human beings once again. 1552 01:26:54,209 --> 01:26:55,335 The very following day, 1553 01:26:55,335 --> 01:26:57,378 Worsley went round in a small steam ship 1554 01:26:57,378 --> 01:26:59,047 to pick up the other three men 1555 01:26:59,047 --> 01:27:01,883 who were still on the west side of South Georgia. 1556 01:27:03,176 --> 01:27:05,094 On the Tuesday, we started out 1557 01:27:05,094 --> 01:27:06,429 in the same whaler 1558 01:27:06,429 --> 01:27:09,807 to try and reach my comrades on Elephant Island. 1559 01:27:11,434 --> 01:27:13,895 We met the pack ice 60 miles north 1560 01:27:13,895 --> 01:27:15,146 of the island. 1561 01:27:15,730 --> 01:27:18,274 To attempt to force the unprotected steel whaler 1562 01:27:18,274 --> 01:27:20,193 through the masses of pack ice 1563 01:27:20,193 --> 01:27:22,070 would have been suicidal. 1564 01:27:23,821 --> 01:27:26,658 To admit failure at this stage was hard, 1565 01:27:27,242 --> 01:27:29,202 but the facts had to be faced. 1566 01:27:40,838 --> 01:27:42,840 Thrusters enabled, all yours. 1567 01:27:42,840 --> 01:27:44,050 Copy. 1568 01:27:50,515 --> 01:27:52,016 Today's the day. 1569 01:27:53,351 --> 01:27:54,978 And if it's not, maybe tomorrow. 1570 01:28:08,533 --> 01:28:11,661 It's sad that we don't found her yet, 1571 01:28:11,661 --> 01:28:15,748 but, uh, yeah, there is still five boxes remaining. 1572 01:28:18,501 --> 01:28:21,337 So our next mission will be D10 1573 01:28:21,337 --> 01:28:23,006 and D09. 1574 01:28:31,973 --> 01:28:34,350 If the ice had been more stationary, 1575 01:28:34,976 --> 01:28:37,937 it could work, but there's, as it-- 1576 01:28:39,063 --> 01:28:40,857 Come on. 1577 01:28:40,857 --> 01:28:44,902 Oh, yeah. Oh, come on, Ellie. 1578 01:28:45,611 --> 01:28:47,780 Come on, give us more. Give us more. 1579 01:28:47,780 --> 01:28:50,533 Give us more. 1580 01:28:50,533 --> 01:28:52,285 It's got some height. 1581 01:28:52,285 --> 01:28:53,369 Yeah, yeah. 1582 01:28:53,369 --> 01:28:55,830 It's got some height. 1583 01:28:55,830 --> 01:28:56,914 Nico? 1584 01:28:56,914 --> 01:28:58,916 - Go ahead. - Can you join us 1585 01:28:58,916 --> 01:29:00,626 in the survey room, please? 1586 01:29:00,626 --> 01:29:01,711 Yes. 1587 01:29:01,711 --> 01:29:03,463 That's the Endurance. 1588 01:29:03,463 --> 01:29:05,214 That's really interesting. 1589 01:29:08,968 --> 01:29:11,220 - Morning, Nico! - Morning. How are you? You okay? 1590 01:29:11,220 --> 01:29:13,306 I'm good. Another beautiful day. 1591 01:29:15,725 --> 01:29:17,435 There you go, my friend. 1592 01:29:17,435 --> 01:29:18,686 That's a beauty. 1593 01:29:18,686 --> 01:29:20,146 There you go, my friend. 1594 01:29:21,147 --> 01:29:23,649 I suggest that we have a dive with camera. 1595 01:29:23,649 --> 01:29:25,026 Verification. 1596 01:29:27,070 --> 01:29:29,364 John Shears, John Shears, John Shears, Nico. 1597 01:29:29,947 --> 01:29:31,407 Nico, Nico, go ahead. 1598 01:29:32,200 --> 01:29:34,327 Yes, please. John, could you join me on the bridge? 1599 01:29:34,327 --> 01:29:35,912 And if you find Mensun, could you come 1600 01:29:35,912 --> 01:29:38,039 with Mensun on the bridge please? 1601 01:29:38,039 --> 01:29:39,832 Okay, I'll come straight up. 1602 01:29:39,832 --> 01:29:41,000 {\an8}Yes, please bring your, 1603 01:29:41,000 --> 01:29:43,086 {\an8}bring your Mensun with you, please. 1604 01:29:52,303 --> 01:29:53,930 Shackleton made not one, 1605 01:29:53,930 --> 01:29:56,724 not two, not three but four attempts to get back 1606 01:29:56,724 --> 01:29:58,768 to Elephant Island to rescue his men. 1607 01:29:59,394 --> 01:30:03,022 He was turned back by storms and frozen seas. 1608 01:30:04,524 --> 01:30:08,528 {\an8}The wear and tear of this period was dreadful. 1609 01:30:08,528 --> 01:30:10,571 {\an8}In those four terrible months, 1610 01:30:10,571 --> 01:30:13,157 {\an8}I saw deep lines appear in his face, 1611 01:30:13,157 --> 01:30:14,992 and his hair turned gray. 1612 01:30:17,078 --> 01:30:19,539 On the fourth attempt, the Chilean government 1613 01:30:19,539 --> 01:30:21,666 came nobly to the rescue. 1614 01:30:21,666 --> 01:30:25,253 They lent Shackleton the little steamer Yelcho. 1615 01:30:26,754 --> 01:30:29,006 This time, providence favored us. 1616 01:30:29,799 --> 01:30:32,301 I found as we neared Elephant Island 1617 01:30:32,301 --> 01:30:34,178 that the ice was open. 1618 01:30:41,519 --> 01:30:44,063 We were sitting down to a magnificent meal 1619 01:30:44,063 --> 01:30:47,024 of old seal bones, seaweed, and limpets 1620 01:30:47,024 --> 01:30:49,485 when, from the man on duty outside, 1621 01:30:49,485 --> 01:30:51,070 we heard a sudden yell. 1622 01:30:51,070 --> 01:30:53,573 "Wild!" he shouted, "Wild! There's a, there's a ship. 1623 01:30:53,573 --> 01:30:55,241 Haven't we better light a flare?" 1624 01:30:56,242 --> 01:30:58,494 We forgot all about our wonderful meal. 1625 01:30:58,494 --> 01:31:00,746 We made one dive for the door. 1626 01:31:00,746 --> 01:31:02,373 Those who couldn't get through the door 1627 01:31:02,373 --> 01:31:03,833 went through the sides, 1628 01:31:03,833 --> 01:31:06,335 and the wonderful meal was kicked over in the rush. 1629 01:31:08,045 --> 01:31:09,797 Suddenly, everyone ran down the beach 1630 01:31:09,797 --> 01:31:12,091 waving and shouting ecstatically. 1631 01:31:12,091 --> 01:31:15,845 Shackleton used his binoculars to count the number of men. 1632 01:31:16,762 --> 01:31:18,055 Only when he was certain he'd counted 1633 01:31:18,055 --> 01:31:19,849 all the right number of people 1634 01:31:19,849 --> 01:31:21,100 could he relax and know 1635 01:31:21,100 --> 01:31:23,019 not a man would be left behind. 1636 01:31:24,145 --> 01:31:25,438 He put his glasses back 1637 01:31:25,438 --> 01:31:27,190 in their case and turned to me. 1638 01:31:28,065 --> 01:31:31,611 It sounds trite, but years literally seemed 1639 01:31:31,611 --> 01:31:34,739 to drop from him as he stood before us. 1640 01:31:41,204 --> 01:31:43,623 I woke up this morning saying, today's the day. 1641 01:31:43,623 --> 01:31:44,916 - Yeah... - I can smell it. 1642 01:31:44,916 --> 01:31:46,459 Yeah. 1643 01:31:46,459 --> 01:31:47,752 Come on, you say that every day. 1644 01:31:50,880 --> 01:31:52,590 - Good time? - Yeah, yeah. 1645 01:31:52,590 --> 01:31:54,717 - Hey, Mensun. - Hey, Nico. 1646 01:31:55,301 --> 01:31:57,261 - So Mensun, John... - Yeah. 1647 01:31:57,261 --> 01:31:59,764 ...I would like to introduce the Endurance. 1648 01:31:59,764 --> 01:32:03,142 Ohh, yes! Oh! 1649 01:32:03,142 --> 01:32:04,352 - Oh! - Brilliant. 1650 01:32:04,352 --> 01:32:05,728 Absolutely brilliant. 1651 01:32:05,728 --> 01:32:08,397 - Well done! Yeah! - Oh, my gosh. 1652 01:32:08,397 --> 01:32:11,025 I was saying, I was saying to Mensun on the ice. 1653 01:32:11,025 --> 01:32:12,777 I said it was gonna be a good day. 1654 01:32:12,777 --> 01:32:14,737 I said it was gonna be a good day. 1655 01:32:14,737 --> 01:32:16,656 The way you were looking, I thought, 1656 01:32:16,656 --> 01:32:18,282 "They've lost the AUV." 1657 01:32:18,282 --> 01:32:19,825 That's what I thought. 1658 01:32:20,493 --> 01:32:21,911 Big kiss. 1659 01:32:29,210 --> 01:32:30,545 Good morning! 1660 01:32:30,545 --> 01:32:33,839 It's so beautiful! Oh, my goodness, I can't believe it! 1661 01:32:33,839 --> 01:32:35,675 The AUV has been broadcasting back 1662 01:32:35,675 --> 01:32:37,176 the first images from the seabed, 1663 01:32:37,176 --> 01:32:39,262 and Endurance looks unbelievable. 1664 01:32:39,262 --> 01:32:40,346 It's all in one piece. 1665 01:32:40,346 --> 01:32:41,430 Researchers made 1666 01:32:41,430 --> 01:32:42,515 a stunning discovery. 1667 01:32:42,515 --> 01:32:44,141 The ship Endurance finally found. 1668 01:32:44,141 --> 01:32:46,727 {\an8}It's the most extraordinary find. 1669 01:32:46,727 --> 01:32:50,022 {\an8}The Endurance was found at 3008 meters under the sea. 1670 01:32:53,442 --> 01:32:56,404 {\an8}It's a once-in-a-lifetime discovery. 1671 01:33:00,616 --> 01:33:04,078 {\an8}One of the biggest deep-sea mysteries of our time 1672 01:33:04,078 --> 01:33:05,871 finally solved. 1673 01:33:05,871 --> 01:33:08,457 My grandmother... oh, she'd be, uh, 1674 01:33:08,457 --> 01:33:09,625 she'd be so proud. 1675 01:33:09,625 --> 01:33:11,127 So, so proud. 1676 01:33:11,127 --> 01:33:12,336 And so, so... 1677 01:33:12,336 --> 01:33:14,338 So part of what I do is, um, 1678 01:33:14,338 --> 01:33:17,800 is that sort of inspiration from, from her. 1679 01:33:17,800 --> 01:33:20,094 From, uh, Gram. 1680 01:33:29,186 --> 01:33:30,771 {\an8}We were given a welcome 1681 01:33:30,771 --> 01:33:32,690 none of us is likely to forget. 1682 01:33:33,899 --> 01:33:35,401 The Chileans cheered us, 1683 01:33:35,401 --> 01:33:38,571 and we cheered ourselves hoarse in reply. 1684 01:33:39,989 --> 01:33:43,117 When we landed, they welcomed us so heartily 1685 01:33:43,117 --> 01:33:46,203 that they nearly pushed us into the sea again. 1686 01:33:48,706 --> 01:33:51,459 {\an8}Shackleton's last journey into the Antarctic 1687 01:33:51,459 --> 01:33:52,585 {\an8}was a failure, 1688 01:33:53,961 --> 01:33:56,255 {\an8}but it was a glorious failure. 1689 01:33:57,173 --> 01:34:00,134 That's Shackleton's cabin there, 1690 01:34:00,134 --> 01:34:01,344 right there. 1691 01:34:02,386 --> 01:34:04,472 Oh, wow, we got the binnacle right there. 1692 01:34:04,472 --> 01:34:06,932 Oh, my God, the compass guard, you can see it. 1693 01:34:06,932 --> 01:34:08,559 - Yeah. - The tin mug. 1694 01:34:08,559 --> 01:34:09,935 - Yeah. - Plates. 1695 01:34:09,935 --> 01:34:12,229 Plates. Oh, and there's the flare gun. 1696 01:34:12,229 --> 01:34:13,439 - Yes. - Wow. 1697 01:34:13,439 --> 01:34:15,149 - Yeah. There's a boot. - The boot. 1698 01:34:15,149 --> 01:34:17,526 Yeah, you see, it's even got the buckle. Right there. 1699 01:34:17,526 --> 01:34:19,153 And if you look at the picture, 1700 01:34:19,153 --> 01:34:21,781 conceivably, that could be Wild's boot. 1701 01:34:21,781 --> 01:34:24,033 Look at that. Identical, isn't it? 1702 01:34:25,534 --> 01:34:27,912 You must be very, very proud of your guys, Nico. 1703 01:34:27,912 --> 01:34:31,165 - Yeah, I am. - This is incredible. 1704 01:34:34,502 --> 01:34:37,630 Shackleton said that when you go to the poles 1705 01:34:37,630 --> 01:34:41,133 you're touch by a kind of magic, 1706 01:34:41,133 --> 01:34:43,386 and you're changed forever. 1707 01:34:59,360 --> 01:35:02,154 {\an8}We lived long, dark days in the south. 1708 01:35:02,822 --> 01:35:06,117 {\an8}We lived through slow dead days of toil, 1709 01:35:06,117 --> 01:35:10,079 {\an8}of struggle, dark striving, and anxiety, 1710 01:35:10,788 --> 01:35:12,915 days that called not for the heroism 1711 01:35:12,915 --> 01:35:14,959 in the bright light of day, 1712 01:35:14,959 --> 01:35:18,254 but simply for dogged, persistent endeavor 1713 01:35:18,254 --> 01:35:21,006 to do what the soul said was right. 1714 01:35:23,217 --> 01:35:26,095 I return to the wild again and again 1715 01:35:26,095 --> 01:35:29,974 until I suppose, in the end, the wild will win. 1716 01:35:31,308 --> 01:35:33,769 There is the fascination of striving 1717 01:35:33,769 --> 01:35:36,230 after the almost impossible. 1718 01:35:46,949 --> 01:35:47,950 When they got back, 1719 01:35:47,950 --> 01:35:50,870 the First World War was raging. 1720 01:35:50,870 --> 01:35:53,164 It just wasn't appropriate for Shackleton 1721 01:35:53,164 --> 01:35:55,291 to have his moment in the sun. 1722 01:35:57,752 --> 01:35:59,086 Nearly all of them signed up 1723 01:35:59,086 --> 01:36:01,338 for military service straight away. 1724 01:36:02,381 --> 01:36:05,217 {\an8}Tragically, two of them are killed. 1725 01:36:05,801 --> 01:36:08,971 {\an8}Several others are badly wounded. 1726 01:36:12,016 --> 01:36:14,477 {\an8}Shackleton himself joined the military 1727 01:36:14,477 --> 01:36:16,061 in a logistics role. 1728 01:36:17,438 --> 01:36:18,939 When the war ended, 1729 01:36:18,939 --> 01:36:20,858 he finally had his moment. 1730 01:36:20,858 --> 01:36:23,194 He began touring and lecturing. 1731 01:36:23,194 --> 01:36:27,364 {\an8}The film South was released, and it was a great success. 1732 01:36:31,202 --> 01:36:33,579 Shackleton had one more expedition left in him, 1733 01:36:33,579 --> 01:36:36,540 and in 1921, he went back to South Georgia, 1734 01:36:36,540 --> 01:36:40,002 but he died of a heart attack in early 1922. 1735 01:36:45,341 --> 01:36:46,592 It is an old cliché 1736 01:36:46,592 --> 01:36:50,179 that Shackleton never achieved any of the things 1737 01:36:50,179 --> 01:36:51,722 that he set out to do. 1738 01:36:51,722 --> 01:36:53,474 And it's true, he didn't. 1739 01:36:53,474 --> 01:36:56,310 But that was not what Shackleton was about. 1740 01:36:56,310 --> 01:37:00,064 Shackleton was about man's urge 1741 01:37:00,064 --> 01:37:03,943 to be always pushing to expand his boundaries, 1742 01:37:03,943 --> 01:37:06,070 always striving for the next thing, 1743 01:37:06,070 --> 01:37:08,781 always reaching for the horizon. 1744 01:37:08,781 --> 01:37:10,366 That was Shackleton. 1745 01:37:11,033 --> 01:37:12,326 Shackleton was buried here 1746 01:37:12,326 --> 01:37:14,954 {\an8}on the 5th of March, 1922. 1747 01:37:14,954 --> 01:37:16,872 {\an8}And exactly a hundred years later, 1748 01:37:16,872 --> 01:37:19,124 on the 5th of March, 2022, 1749 01:37:19,124 --> 01:37:21,210 we found his ship, the Endurance, 1750 01:37:21,210 --> 01:37:23,254 on the seafloor of the Weddell Sea. 1751 01:37:24,672 --> 01:37:26,131 I think Sir Ernest 1752 01:37:26,131 --> 01:37:30,094 would be amazed and probably also rather jealous 1753 01:37:30,094 --> 01:37:33,639 of what we have achieved and slap our backs and laugh 1754 01:37:33,639 --> 01:37:36,642 and applaud loudly our efforts as a team. 1755 01:37:37,685 --> 01:37:39,353 When you walk away from here, 1756 01:37:39,353 --> 01:37:41,939 reflect on what you've done and remember, 1757 01:37:41,939 --> 01:37:44,400 we're a symbol of how people can achieve 1758 01:37:44,400 --> 01:37:48,445 the greatest of challenges if they trust and work together.