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‪NETFLIX 紀錄片系列

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‪海豚科有種神奇的魔力

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‪牠們看似非常和善

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‪卻又超凡脫俗

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‪牠們顯然聰明伶俐

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‪動作靈敏

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‪但海豚科還有許多特性
‪等待我們發掘

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‪如今我們有辦法沉浸在牠們的世界

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‪我們發現海豚科是非常奧妙的動物

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‪我們越深入探索

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‪越是發現，牠們與人類很相似

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‪劇名：海豚科

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{\an8}‪（巴哈馬，北大西洋）

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{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏26度）

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‪花斑原海豚出生時，連呼吸都有困難

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‪牠們出生後

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‪必須學習許多海洋生存的技能

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‪幸好牠有一個導師

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‪媽媽

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‪以及一大群家人與朋友

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‪他們會幫忙教牠

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‪如何尋找食物

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‪以及避免危險

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‪但海豚科的社會很複雜

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‪最大的挑戰

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‪就是學習融入

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‪這片溫暖的淺水

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‪還有另一種海豚居住於此

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‪寬吻海豚

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‪這裡看起來
‪是養育新生海豚的絕佳地點

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‪但即便在這裡

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‪生活也不容易

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‪有人在跟蹤牠們

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‪一群雄海豚

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‪在找交配對象

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‪牠們可能攻擊寶寶，以便接近媽媽

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‪更多海豚加入追逐的行列

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‪媽媽盡全力保護海豚寶寶

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‪最後

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‪媽媽擊退了牠們

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‪寶寶卻不見了

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‪形單影隻

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‪牠很難以生存

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‪終於找到媽媽

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‪以及盟友了

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‪小海豚對這個世界更瞭解了一點

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‪但海豚的人生課題才正要展開

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‪海豚科跟人類一樣
‪是呼吸空氣的哺乳類動物

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‪牠們的祖先曾在陸地上生活

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‪可是五千萬年前

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‪牠們做了一件不可思議的事

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‪離開陸地

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‪進入水裡生活

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‪海豚科的一個分支

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‪演化成巨大的濾食鬚鯨…

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‪牠們則變成流線型

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‪思維敏捷的掠食者

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‪如今，有超過40種海豚
‪在世界各地的海洋捕食

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‪從熱帶水域

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‪到極地海洋

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‪甚至是內陸幾千公里的河流

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‪只要有獵物

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‪就有海豚利用聰明的方法獵食

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‪虎鯨是海豚科體型最大的成員

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‪身長可達九公尺

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‪體重可達6350公斤

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‪虎鯨一天要獵捕超過45公斤的食物

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‪這在極地的冬天可不容易

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‪除非你知道要上哪找

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{\an8}‪（克瓦爾島，挪威海）

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{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏6度）

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‪在最冷的幾個月

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‪牠們最愛的獵物
‪棲息在受保護的峽灣

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‪鯡魚

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‪成千上萬

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‪要追蹤鯡魚確切的位置

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‪可不簡單

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‪要抓到牠們就更難了

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‪經驗豐富的雌虎鯨

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‪帶領一隊虎鯨
‪將目標鎖定在一大群鯡魚上

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‪鯡魚只要維持隊形

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‪就難以鎖定對象

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‪但虎鯨有個計畫

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‪透過脈動的呼叫

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‪露出白色的腹部

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‪牠們將鯡魚趕到淺水區

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‪魚群受到驚嚇，隊伍變得更加緊密

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‪直到最後

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‪虎鯨終於可以進攻

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‪拍打牠們的尾葉
‪可以產生強大的壓力波

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‪一連串的致命攻擊

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‪把魚擊昏之後

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‪虎鯨就能悠哉地大快朵頤

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‪海豚科以團體合作的方式

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‪提高狩獵成功的機會

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‪在開闊的海洋裡

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‪牠們大規模地集體行動

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‪成群結隊的長吻飛旋海豚

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‪超過一千隻的超級團隊

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‪這支狩獵隊伍非常有效率

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‪可以經常休息，不必外出獵食

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{\an8}‪（費爾南多迪諾羅尼亞群島
‪南大西洋）

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{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏26度）

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{\an8}‪巴西以東320公里

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‪這個群島是大西洋長吻飛旋海豚

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‪最愛的中途休憩站

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‪牠們來到島嶼的淺水灣

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‪首批抵達的海豚興高采烈

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‪海豚界的奧運體操選手

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‪牠們能跳三公尺高

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‪旋轉七圈

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‪看起來很好玩

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‪但這可能不只是雜技表演

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‪牠們可能是在傳達訊息

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‪歡迎其他海豚進入海灣

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‪人多勢眾

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‪長吻飛旋海豚得以好好放鬆

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‪但不能完全睡著

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‪否則會溺死

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‪所以牠們一次只讓一邊的大腦休息

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‪一隻眼睛看著眼前的方向

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‪以一半的速度半睡半游

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‪年長的海豚休息

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‪小海豚則在一旁玩耍

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‪玩丟海草的遊戲

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‪這看似簡單的遊戲

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‪背後其實是出乎意料地複雜

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‪牠們必須操縱物體

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‪模仿動作，最重要的是

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‪了解彼此

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‪小海豚在成長的過程

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‪都得精通這項技能

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{\an8}‪（巴哈馬，北大西洋）

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{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏26度）

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‪一歲大的時候

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‪花斑原海豚幾乎已經能夠溝通了

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‪許多事情能透過
‪肢體語言與觸碰來傳達

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‪摩擦鰭可以讓人安心

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‪就像握手一樣

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‪但有些話只能用聲音傳達

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‪牠的媽媽重複一個特別的叫聲

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‪牠的招牌叫聲

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‪這能幫助孩子在群體中找到媽媽

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‪一旦牠學會模仿

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‪就能叫出媽媽的名字

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‪現在該嘗試發出自己的叫聲了

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‪跟人類的小孩一樣

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‪海豚也要幾年的時間才能學會說話

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‪一旦牠們開始講話

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‪話匣子就關不起來了

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‪但海豚的聲波能力
‪遠遠不僅是傳達語言

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‪當地的寬吻海豚在海底尋找食物

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‪這裡好像沒什麼食物

154
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‪但牠們看得見我們看不見的東西

155
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‪牠們會發出一連串高音頻的喀嗒聲

156
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‪每秒五百個

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‪然後解讀回聲

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‪找出躲在沙裡的魚

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‪回聲定位是一種非凡的第六感

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‪讓海豚得以在各種奇特的地方獵食

161
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{\an8}‪（南卡羅萊納，北大西洋）

162
00:19:07,522 --> 00:19:09,399
{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏26度）

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‪泥濘的河口

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‪潮水正在消退

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‪此時

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‪游向內陸可能很危險

167
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‪但這隻海豚知道河口有很多魚

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‪透過回聲定位

169
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‪牠能在混有淤泥的水域移動

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‪找到獵物

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‪唯一的問題是

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‪退潮時，獵物都躲在牡蠣繁殖地

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‪撲向這個地方會撕裂牠敏感的皮膚

174
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‪牠得想辦法

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‪把魚群引到外面來

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‪牠拍打尾鰭

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‪把魚隻趕出藏身處

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‪引到沙岸，牠才能安全進攻

179
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‪只有少數的海豚學會這樣獵食

180
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‪這個方法

181
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‪每天只能運用幾個小時

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‪等潮水開始上漲

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00:21:17,444 --> 00:21:19,362
‪魚群就散開了

184
00:21:22,741 --> 00:21:24,659
‪牠需要新的策略

185
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‪牠跟朋友攜手合作

186
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‪一起游向更寬的河道

187
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‪然後

188
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‪靜靜等候

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‪每當魚群經過

190
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‪海豚就出手攻擊

191
00:22:33,812 --> 00:22:37,107
‪產生弓形波，將魚群沖上沙岸

192
00:22:54,624 --> 00:22:58,378
‪透過回聲定位與協調合作

193
00:22:58,461 --> 00:23:01,631
‪牠們在泥濘變出一場饗宴

194
00:23:08,304 --> 00:23:13,143
{\an8}‪在蔚藍大海裡
‪海豚得將超強的感官運用到極致

195
00:23:13,226 --> 00:23:14,894
{\an8}‪（加納利群島，北大西洋）

196
00:23:14,978 --> 00:23:16,104
{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏21度）

197
00:23:21,109 --> 00:23:23,027
‪在深淵獵食的挑戰

198
00:23:23,111 --> 00:23:27,824
‪創造出一種極其特殊的海豚科動物

199
00:23:48,511 --> 00:23:51,097
‪領航鯨的外型也許很奇特

200
00:23:51,806 --> 00:23:55,935
‪但牠們圓狀的前額是牠們成功的祕密

201
00:23:57,187 --> 00:23:59,856
‪牠們能發射遠程聲束

202
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‪長達數百公尺

203
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‪這是海豚科動物中最強的回聲定位

204
00:24:13,745 --> 00:24:16,039
‪領航鯨因此能夠捕捉

205
00:24:16,122 --> 00:24:19,167
‪超過八百公尺以下的槍烏賊群

206
00:24:29,469 --> 00:24:33,181
‪但小領航鯨的氣息不足，無法跟上

207
00:24:37,560 --> 00:24:40,688
‪所以家人輪流在水面

208
00:24:40,772 --> 00:24:42,732
‪照顧小領航鯨

209
00:24:45,944 --> 00:24:48,696
‪奶奶已經50多歲了

210
00:24:50,031 --> 00:24:53,701
‪但仍繼續分泌乳汁餵養小朋友

211
00:25:02,460 --> 00:25:05,922
‪這些海豚科動物可活到70歲

212
00:25:06,923 --> 00:25:09,217
‪一輩子都跟家人在一起

213
00:25:10,051 --> 00:25:12,387
‪可能是所有動物裡

214
00:25:12,470 --> 00:25:15,056
‪最長久、最忠誠的關係

215
00:25:22,438 --> 00:25:24,649
‪負責狩獵的領航鯨浮出水面時

216
00:25:24,732 --> 00:25:26,734
‪顯然是有收穫了

217
00:25:32,782 --> 00:25:34,409
‪該離開了

218
00:25:35,702 --> 00:25:38,955
‪奶奶腦海印有海洋之家的地圖

219
00:25:39,956 --> 00:25:43,835
‪牠聽著海浪撞擊島嶼的聲音

220
00:25:43,918 --> 00:25:46,588
‪與水流沖刷海口的聲音

221
00:25:49,591 --> 00:25:52,385
‪用這些聲音地標找出路線

222
00:25:59,392 --> 00:26:00,476
‪但有時候

223
00:26:01,853 --> 00:26:04,647
‪即便是一流的航海動物
‪也會迷失方向

224
00:26:09,819 --> 00:26:10,862
‪每年

225
00:26:11,613 --> 00:26:15,325
‪有上百隻海豚科動物
‪擱淺在世界各地的海灘

226
00:26:16,284 --> 00:26:18,828
‪尤以領航鯨最常見

227
00:26:20,955 --> 00:26:23,958
‪只要一兩隻偏離方向

228
00:26:26,044 --> 00:26:29,589
‪家人就覺得必須跟到牠們身邊

229
00:26:33,176 --> 00:26:36,512
‪有時牠們的求救呼號引來更多同伴

230
00:26:44,479 --> 00:26:46,397
‪自然災難

231
00:26:46,481 --> 00:26:48,816
‪噪音污染與健康問題

232
00:26:48,900 --> 00:26:50,693
‪似乎都是其中的因素

233
00:26:53,613 --> 00:26:57,241
‪但我們對於觸發這些情況的原因
‪知之甚少

234
00:27:04,624 --> 00:27:08,169
‪人類盡力保護受困的鯨魚

235
00:27:08,252 --> 00:27:10,963
‪幫助牠們回到海洋

236
00:27:20,473 --> 00:27:24,018
‪人類與海豚科動物的連結很深

237
00:27:25,687 --> 00:27:30,149
‪我們是少數喜愛尋求刺激的動物

238
00:27:31,234 --> 00:27:33,194
‪我們表達自己的方式

239
00:27:33,277 --> 00:27:35,863
‪可能會造成生命危險

240
00:27:41,077 --> 00:27:43,871
‪但這樣的冒險似乎有其目的

241
00:27:46,332 --> 00:27:48,710
‪這能產生大量的激素

242
00:27:48,793 --> 00:27:51,963
‪創造自信與快樂的感覺

243
00:27:53,673 --> 00:27:56,926
‪一起玩耍能增強這些情緒

244
00:27:59,095 --> 00:28:03,057
‪促進團隊合作
‪增加與同伴相處的時間

245
00:28:17,113 --> 00:28:20,408
‪也許這就是海豚科尋求同伴的原因

246
00:28:34,797 --> 00:28:36,507
‪跟同類玩耍

247
00:28:41,763 --> 00:28:42,722
‪跟人類玩耍

248
00:28:46,601 --> 00:28:48,603
‪還有跟其他動物玩耍

249
00:29:15,379 --> 00:29:18,299
‪海豚科動物以友善著稱

250
00:29:20,468 --> 00:29:22,887
‪但也有比較黑暗的一面

251
00:29:25,223 --> 00:29:27,517
{\an8}‪（巴塔哥尼亞，南大西洋）

252
00:29:27,600 --> 00:29:29,477
{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏12度）

253
00:29:36,651 --> 00:29:39,987
‪海洋的頂級掠食者外出獵食的時候

254
00:29:40,071 --> 00:29:42,323
‪所有的動物都有危險

255
00:30:01,592 --> 00:30:04,220
‪這是南露脊鯨

256
00:30:06,305 --> 00:30:08,724
‪重達7萬2500公斤

257
00:30:10,101 --> 00:30:12,895
‪是虎鯨的十倍重

258
00:30:21,362 --> 00:30:23,239
‪但團隊合作時

259
00:30:24,115 --> 00:30:26,784
‪虎鯨幾乎所向無敵

260
00:30:32,081 --> 00:30:34,500
‪露脊鯨游向淺水區

261
00:30:34,584 --> 00:30:36,752
‪避免由下而來的攻擊

262
00:30:40,923 --> 00:30:43,801
‪但虎鯨不會輕易放棄

263
00:30:48,055 --> 00:30:49,891
‪牠們輪流

264
00:30:49,974 --> 00:30:52,894
‪撞擊露脊鯨的側腹

265
00:30:52,977 --> 00:30:54,687
‪攻擊牠們的痛處

266
00:31:05,072 --> 00:31:07,116
‪露脊鯨反擊

267
00:31:35,061 --> 00:31:39,523
‪但要等鬥爭的聲音
‪吸引更多露脊鯨前來之後

268
00:31:40,733 --> 00:31:43,736
‪虎鯨才終於放棄

269
00:31:50,576 --> 00:31:53,329
‪虎鯨能捕食這麼大的獵物

270
00:31:53,412 --> 00:31:55,831
‪因此有“鯨魚殺手”的綽號

271
00:31:56,582 --> 00:31:57,500
‪或是

272
00:31:58,167 --> 00:31:59,418
‪“殺人鯨”

273
00:32:02,922 --> 00:32:05,341
‪海豚科動物不只是無情的獵食者

274
00:32:06,634 --> 00:32:10,221
‪對彼此的攻擊性也很驚人

275
00:32:13,724 --> 00:32:15,810
{\an8}‪（巴哈馬，北大西洋）

276
00:32:15,893 --> 00:32:18,729
{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏26度）

277
00:32:24,360 --> 00:32:26,153
‪到了六歲

278
00:32:26,237 --> 00:32:28,197
‪這隻小花斑原海豚

279
00:32:28,280 --> 00:32:31,409
‪終於長出自己專屬的斑點

280
00:32:37,373 --> 00:32:39,250
‪牠比較少跟媽媽在一起

281
00:32:41,085 --> 00:32:44,296
‪把較多的時間花在跟同伴相處

282
00:32:48,884 --> 00:32:52,555
‪牠們必須在幼年建立盟友關係

283
00:33:02,773 --> 00:33:04,400
‪除了人類之外

284
00:33:04,483 --> 00:33:09,989
‪海豚科動物所建立的人際關係
‪數量最多，也最親密

285
00:33:14,952 --> 00:33:18,205
‪隨著年紀增長
‪牠的生活會變得更複雜

286
00:33:22,126 --> 00:33:24,628
‪朋友絕對是越多越好

287
00:33:36,766 --> 00:33:40,352
‪西澳洲的寬吻海豚社群

288
00:33:40,436 --> 00:33:45,357
‪堪稱是最複雜的海豚科社群

289
00:33:48,319 --> 00:33:50,988
‪有兩千隻寬吻海豚居住於此

290
00:33:55,701 --> 00:33:57,661
{\an8}‪（鯊魚灣，印度洋）

291
00:33:57,745 --> 00:34:00,581
{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏21度）

292
00:34:02,124 --> 00:34:04,251
‪在繁殖季節

293
00:34:04,335 --> 00:34:07,713
‪有良好的人際關係非常重要

294
00:34:09,715 --> 00:34:11,675
‪能夠組織合作的雄性動物

295
00:34:11,759 --> 00:34:14,011
‪比較有機會交配成功

296
00:34:28,317 --> 00:34:31,237
‪這三隻在海灣東側閒晃

297
00:34:37,535 --> 00:34:41,539
‪牠們是20年的好朋友

298
00:34:44,834 --> 00:34:49,296
‪牠們的動作一致
‪顯示出彼此緊密的關係

299
00:34:51,757 --> 00:34:55,845
‪精心設計的動作也有助於吸引異性

300
00:35:02,935 --> 00:35:04,895
‪這是交叉動作

301
00:35:07,273 --> 00:35:08,524
‪蝶式

302
00:35:12,111 --> 00:35:13,904
‪兩隻尾巴碰觸

303
00:35:16,157 --> 00:35:17,992
‪同步跳水

304
00:35:20,161 --> 00:35:21,537
‪雙重跳躍

305
00:35:22,997 --> 00:35:24,582
‪探戈動作

306
00:35:25,249 --> 00:35:29,044
‪還有顛倒昂首挺胸

307
00:35:32,256 --> 00:35:34,175
‪動作越俐落

308
00:35:34,258 --> 00:35:36,010
‪就越有吸引力

309
00:35:41,557 --> 00:35:42,808
‪即便如此

310
00:35:42,892 --> 00:35:45,561
‪通常也要好幾天才能打動異性

311
00:35:51,692 --> 00:35:54,403
‪現在，競爭者出現了

312
00:35:56,530 --> 00:35:57,907
‪西邊

313
00:35:57,990 --> 00:36:00,117
‪競爭對手正在形成

314
00:36:03,412 --> 00:36:06,123
‪東邊這三隻需要後援

315
00:36:08,918 --> 00:36:11,795
‪所以牠們召集更多朋友

316
00:36:31,440 --> 00:36:33,234
‪較弱的一方通常會撤退

317
00:36:35,611 --> 00:36:37,988
‪但若雙方勢均力敵

318
00:36:39,365 --> 00:36:41,825
‪打鬥可能造成嚴重的傷害

319
00:37:30,082 --> 00:37:31,375
‪一個小時後

320
00:37:32,167 --> 00:37:33,460
‪對立結束了

321
00:37:38,257 --> 00:37:41,593
‪藉由對彼此的赤膽忠心與緊密合作

322
00:37:41,677 --> 00:37:44,221
‪東邊的朋友最終勝出

323
00:37:44,930 --> 00:37:48,684
‪獲得繁殖後代的機會

324
00:37:52,813 --> 00:37:54,940
‪透過智慧與合作

325
00:37:55,024 --> 00:37:58,569
‪海豚科動物得以在海洋生存

326
00:38:01,405 --> 00:38:03,824
‪但牠們的家園正在疾速改變

327
00:38:08,620 --> 00:38:12,291
‪就連這些適應能力很強的動物
‪也難以招架

328
00:38:18,630 --> 00:38:20,841
‪我們的海域噪音越來越多

329
00:38:22,801 --> 00:38:23,886
‪溫度越來越高

330
00:38:25,429 --> 00:38:26,847
‪污染越來越嚴重

331
00:38:34,313 --> 00:38:37,608
‪很多海豚現在玩的是塑膠袋

332
00:38:37,691 --> 00:38:39,151
‪不是海草

333
00:38:49,661 --> 00:38:53,624
‪每年有超過十萬隻海洋哺乳動物

334
00:38:53,707 --> 00:38:55,459
‪因吞食垃圾致死

335
00:38:56,377 --> 00:38:58,629
‪化學污染

336
00:38:58,712 --> 00:39:01,382
‪則威脅到牠們的繁殖能力

337
00:39:04,676 --> 00:39:09,807
‪但工業規模的捕撈魚隻
‪是海豚科動物面臨的最大問題

338
00:39:12,017 --> 00:39:14,436
‪這不僅迅速耗盡牠們重要的食物

339
00:39:15,062 --> 00:39:17,815
‪每年還有成千上萬隻動物

340
00:39:17,898 --> 00:39:19,233
‪因而溺死

341
00:39:28,242 --> 00:39:31,412
‪然而，即便是我們的一個小動作

342
00:39:31,495 --> 00:39:33,747
‪也能帶來巨大的改變

343
00:39:35,457 --> 00:39:37,668
{\an8}‪（南卡羅萊納，北大西洋）

344
00:39:37,751 --> 00:39:40,212
{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏17度）

345
00:39:47,428 --> 00:39:49,430
‪漁民捕蝦的時候

346
00:39:52,099 --> 00:39:54,601
‪同時會捕獲其他動物

347
00:39:57,062 --> 00:40:00,607
‪但現在這些漁民在漁網上開了破洞

348
00:40:00,691 --> 00:40:02,901
‪讓較大的動物得以脫逃

349
00:40:06,196 --> 00:40:09,408
‪而當地的寬吻海豚
‪學會了找尋這些破洞

350
00:40:10,868 --> 00:40:14,788
‪利用這些破洞來捕捉魚隻

351
00:40:31,472 --> 00:40:34,641
‪鑽進這些破洞其實很危險

352
00:40:38,812 --> 00:40:41,732
‪但這些飢餓的海豚願意冒險

353
00:40:56,538 --> 00:40:58,457
‪漁民也容忍牠們

354
00:41:01,251 --> 00:41:03,170
‪他們的漁獲並沒有損失

355
00:41:08,467 --> 00:41:11,261
‪海豚科動物
‪還有許多需要我們探索的事

356
00:41:12,054 --> 00:41:15,432
‪雖然有些物種瀕臨滅絕

357
00:41:17,100 --> 00:41:20,354
‪新的物種仍然持續出現

358
00:41:21,480 --> 00:41:23,440
{\an8}‪（莫卡茹巴，托坎廷斯河）

359
00:41:23,524 --> 00:41:25,609
{\an8}‪（水溫攝氏28度）

360
00:41:26,693 --> 00:41:31,323
‪多年來，我們都認為
‪世界上有五種河豚

361
00:41:32,032 --> 00:41:35,285
‪現在生物學家相信
‪他們找到了第六種

362
00:41:37,371 --> 00:41:42,751
‪阿拉瓜亞河豚
‪據說世界上只有一千隻左右

363
00:41:46,296 --> 00:41:48,006
‪可是每一天

364
00:41:48,090 --> 00:41:50,384
‪這座巴西小鎮

365
00:41:50,467 --> 00:41:52,928
‪都有幾隻阿拉瓜亞河豚出沒

366
00:41:54,930 --> 00:41:58,475
‪當地的孩子興奮不已

367
00:42:03,730 --> 00:42:06,608
‪小孩子喜歡這些神奇的動物

368
00:42:06,692 --> 00:42:08,151
‪原因不言而喻

369
00:42:12,739 --> 00:42:17,035
‪人類和海豚科動物
‪也許活在截然不同的世界

370
00:42:19,538 --> 00:42:23,041
‪但我們的天性有許多相同之處

371
00:42:30,132 --> 00:42:32,843
‪這層深厚的關係

372
00:42:33,677 --> 00:42:36,096
‪值得世代子孫珍惜愛護

373
00:43:31,401 --> 00:43:33,278
‪字幕翻譯：黃英哲