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Downloaded from
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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
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(KEYS CLATTERING)
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How are we doin'?
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GPS: Starting route
to National Institutes of Health.
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Sorry Cliff, I'm trying... I'm trying
to get the right security
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to get into the right entrance. (INHALES)
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-This is a whole new life here.
-DR. CLIFF LANE: Yeah, I know, I...
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(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
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MALE REPORTER 1: It is just before 7:00
in the morning
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and Dr. Fauci is beginning
one of his 12-hour days.
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It is a schedule he keeps six days a week.
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Ten seconds. There you go.
It's always ten seconds.
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TUCKER CARLSON: Tony Fauci
has not been elected to anything.
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He's had the same job for nearly 40 years.
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That means the majority of American voters
never even indirectly picked him.
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Yet, in the last four months,
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Fauci has become one
of the most powerful people in the world.
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SCOTT WAPNER: For more on
what we know about the coronavirus,
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we're joined now by Dr. Anthony Fauci.
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He's Director of the National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
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Dr. Fauci, how concerned should we be?
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DR. ANTHONY FAUCI: For a while,
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life is not gonna be the way it used to be
in the United States.
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We have to just accept that
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if we wanna do what's best
for the American public.
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ALISYN CAMEROTA: How does this compare
to anything that you've ever dealt with?
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DR. FAUCI: You always almost have
a fog of war about it.
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It's not that different
than the very early years
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of the HIV epidemic.
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MALE REPORTER 2: Fauci is the Director
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of the National Institute of Allergies
and Infectious Diseases
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and is the Commanding Officer
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in the nation's scientific war
against AIDS.
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He is also a target of critics who charge
the government's response to AIDS
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-has been one of confusion.
-(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
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LARRY KRAMER: The only people
in charge of AIDS are incompetent hacks.
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I mean, what the hell
are these people doing?
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They're not producing drugs.
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PROTESTORS: Fire Fauci! Fire Fauci!
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TUCKER CARLSON: Do wear a mask,
don't wear a mask.
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Don't worry about the coronavirus.
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Never reopen schools
until we have a cure for coronavirus.
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MIKE BARNICLE: Dr. Fauci has been
at this for 50 years. He is an icon.
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He is the most published researcher
in the world.
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MALE REPORTER 3: I think Donald Trump
is the sixth president he has served.
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He was very involved
in the early AIDS epidemic, Ebola...
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You name it, he's been there.
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OWEN SHROYER:
Did he get ventilators prepared?
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Did he get masks prepared?
Did he get gloves prepared?
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No. No, he did nothing.
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DR. SHIVA: He should be fired,
indicted and thrown in jail
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and it's time we have a revolution
in this country.
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STEVE BANNON: I'd actually like to go back
to the old times of Tudor England.
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I'd put the heads on pikes
as a warning to federal bureaucrats,
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either get with the program
or you're gone.
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-(SIGHS)
-(PHONE CHIMING)
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God help us. God help us! (SIGHS)
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DR. FAUCI: Hmm.
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(PHONE CHIMING)
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-GREG FOLKERS: Can you hear me?
-DR. FAUCI: Yeah, you're good.
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So, they're turning down
TB requests for vaccine research?
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-COURTNEY BILLET: Correct.
-Unbelievable.
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COURTNEY: I asked specifically
"Who said 'no'?"
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and it was the White House.
So, I guess we're back at our stalemate.
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And, you know, I didn't know
when I pushed back on it,
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the answer I got was that they want
the focus to be on the economy.
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I don't get how talking about vaccine
isn't important about the economy.
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If you get a vaccine,
the economy will open.
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So, what's the problem?
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-COURTNEY: Yeah.
-I don't... I don't get it.
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DONALD TRUMP: People are tired
of hearing Fauci and all these idiots,
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all these people,
these people that have gotten it wrong.
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Fauci's a disaster.
I mean, this guy, if I listen to him...
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DR. FAUCI: Right now,
a lot of people think I'm the bad guy.
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TRUMP: Every time he goes
on television there's always a bomb.
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If we listen to him, we have 700,
800,000 deaths right now.
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So if there's a recorder on,
you can have it just the way it's done.
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DR. FAUCI: I mean, I'm the bad guy
to an entire subset of people...
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because I represent something
that is uncomfortable for them.
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It's called the truth.
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I tell the President exactly...
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-MALE VOICE: I don't doubt that.
-...what the scientific data is
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and what the evidence is.
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Secretary of State Pompeo
is extremely busy.
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I'd like him to go back
to the State Department
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or, as they call it,
the Deep State Department. You know, Mike.
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I'd like to have him go back
and do his job.
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-So, does anybody have any questions?
-(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
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I know I shouldn't be touching
my face, but... (LAUGHING)
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I'm so good at my job.
How can he be so bad at his?
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So the protests don't increase
the spread of the virus?
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I didn't say that.
You're putting words in my mouth.
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Is somebody born a craven partisan hack
or do you become one?
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DR. FAUCI: I grew up in Bensonhurst,
which was a somewhat tough neighborhood
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in Brooklyn. You know,
everyone was striving.
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Nothing was taken for granted.
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There wasn't a lot of head hanging
in those days, you know?
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Part of the culture back then
when you were a kid
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is that you didn't get intimidated
by a lot of things.
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Or, as we used to say,
"You didn't take any shit from anybody."
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TRUMP: I don't want to hurt him.
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He's been there for about 350 years.
I don't want to hurt him.
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SHROYER:
Anthony Fauci, this fraud?
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This swamp creature?
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JOY REID: And who is now forced
to go on his power walks
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with a security detail,
because he's received death threats.
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DR. FAUCI: My job is to do whatever I can
to get us out of this outbreak.
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My weapon, in addition to the science,
is speaking to the American public.
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What keeps me grounded
is the enormity of the problem.
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And just a very deep sense
of responsibility...
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that calls for all of the things
that I've been trained for,
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dating back to when I was going to school.
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In high school, I had
this early cultivation of public service.
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Regis High School was driven by these guys
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in black cassocks called Jesuit Priests.
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The Jesuit philosophy is men for others.
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You think about what you can do
for society
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and what you can do for other people.
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It's what drove me to go
to medical school.
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There wasn't a minute that I really
didn't treasure at Cornell Medical School.
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I loved clinical medicine.
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Every single cell in my body was,
like, focused in this.
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It was the first time in my life
that somebody's life is my responsibility.
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At the end of my junior year,
it was the Vietnam War.
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And every physician
is automatically drafted.
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But you had some choices.
You could do public health service,
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Navy, Army or Air Force.
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So, I put in public health service first.
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Second I put Navy, then Army,
and then Air Force.
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And, sure enough, I get a call
from the National Institutes of Health.
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The NIH was and is really
the mecca of biomedical research.
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MALE REPORTER: Here in the laboratories
at NIH, much of the research is basic.
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Clinical medicine is practiced at NIH
because it contributes to research
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rather than because of the patient's need
for medical attention.
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DR. FAUCI: Virtually everyone
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who was anyone in academic medicine
in this country...
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had spent some time here.
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And it was like entering
into a magical world.
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When I first came down,
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what I really wanted to do
was do three years,
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bingo, and go back to New York
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and become the Chief Resident
at the New York Hospital.
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Back then, that was your ticket
to a private practice on Park Avenue.
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You know, I was a kid from Brooklyn
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and Brooklyn to Manhattan
is like New York State to Rome. (LAUGHS)
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But as I got to learn more about myself,
the idea of discovery,
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the idea of having an impact
on a lot more people...
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trying to figure out diseases
that people were dying from,
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that's what really captured me.
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So, I became the Senior Investigator
at the NIH.
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I met Tony very shortly after I came
to the NIH.
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Tony was a Lab Chief at that point
in time.
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He was a long-term single guy.
Totally dedicated to work.
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He worked more hours
than almost anybody I've ever known.
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My wife and I would sometimes tease Tony.
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because he had several female companions
through the years.
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DR. FAUCI: I'd go on a date every once
in a while,
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but I was completely buried in my work.
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CHRISTINE GRADY:
I actually remember very vividly,
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and hearing this
from other people as well,
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if you're working
with one of Tony Fauci's patients,
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you'd better take good care
of that patient
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because he will demand it of you.
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All of this discussion of vasculitis
is merely academic.
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DR. FAUCI: At the time,
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I was focused on vasculitis
which is an inflammation of blood vessels
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that leads to kidney failure,
lung failure and things like that.
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There was a patient who was a senator
from Brazil.
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He didn't speak any English and I said,
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"Well, I can't have a conversation
with this guy,
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so who speaks Portuguese around here?"
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So they called this nurse,
this Christine Grady,
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into the room, um...
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and she stand by the bedside
and I looked at her, I says, "Wow!"
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(LAUGHS) "Who's this?"
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CHRISTINE: I had just spent two years
in Brazil
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and so my Portuguese
was then pretty good.
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And we had this meeting
in the patient's room
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and I said, "He would like to go home."
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I said, "Okay. That's fine to do that,
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"but he's gotta understand,
these ulcers are not completely healed.
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"He's gotta keep his legs elevated
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and he's gotta change
the dressings frequently."
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So, he speaks Portuguese back.
(MUMBLES)
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I'm, sort of, sitting there
waiting to hear.
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The patient said to me... (SCOFFS)
"There's no way I'm going to do that.
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I'm going to go to the beach every day."
He lived on the beach, near the beach.
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"And I'm going to go dancing at night.
I've been in the hospital for months
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and you expect me to go home
and sit with my leg in the air?"
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And I, sort of, gulped and thought,
what the heck am I going to do now?
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She turned to me and looked at me
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and said, "He said he's gonna do exactly
like you said."
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I said, "Good. You can go."
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CHRISTINE: A day later,
I saw Dr. Fauci in the hallway,
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who said to me,
"I'd like to see you in my office."
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And I was certain that I was caught
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and going to be either reprimanded
or fired.
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So, she comes into the office
with a great deal of trepidation.
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She sits down and I look at her and I say,
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"Would you like to go to dinner?" (LAUGHS)
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So, that was the beginning.
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DR. FAUCI: When we got to know each other
really well, she says,
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"You know, remember that conversation
that we had in the room?
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Well, I actually told you a white lie."
(LAUGHS)
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CHRISTINE: I think Tony came
to the NIH young and ambitious
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and looking for a challenge, I think,
and found it.
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DR. FAUCI: I was sitting in my office
and I saw this... article...
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in a publication called MMWR.
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Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
And it reported five men...
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curiously all gay men, who developed
a very strange pneumonia
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called pneumocystis pneumonia.
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And, being a busy young investigator
at the time,
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I took it, I put it in my desk
and I said, "This must be a fluke.
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It's gonna go away."
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One month later, another MMWR appears.
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This time, 26 gay men...
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who not only had pneumocystis pneumonia,
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but had Kaposi's sarcoma,
a tumor, a cancer,
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seen in people whose immune system
is remarkably suppressed.
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And I remember looking at that
and going, "Oh, my God.
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"There's no way that this is a fluke.
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This is a brand new disease."
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I actually got goosebumps.
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So, I made a decision
that I was going to completely change
226
00:15:28,761 --> 00:15:30,179
the direction of my research.
227
00:15:32,848 --> 00:15:36,894
CHRISTINE: He had lots of critics
on the NIH campus.
228
00:15:38,187 --> 00:15:42,942
They thought he was making a mistake.
That he was taking on a disease
229
00:15:43,108 --> 00:15:45,486
in an area of science
that was going nowhere
230
00:15:45,611 --> 00:15:48,197
and that he was gonna ruin
his career basically.
231
00:15:49,281 --> 00:15:52,576
DR. FAUCI: So, I wrote an article
in 1981...
232
00:15:53,494 --> 00:15:59,416
saying that if we think this disease
is gonna stay confined
233
00:15:59,959 --> 00:16:02,544
to a very discreet group of people,
234
00:16:02,878 --> 00:16:06,048
that it's not gonna explode,
we're kidding ourselves.
235
00:16:06,507 --> 00:16:08,384
I submitted it to a major journal.
236
00:16:09,093 --> 00:16:12,262
They rejected it
because one of the reviewers said
237
00:16:12,346 --> 00:16:14,014
I was being too alarmist.
238
00:16:15,432 --> 00:16:19,269
CHRISTINE: So right away, he had
to fight... Not fight but push back on,
239
00:16:19,436 --> 00:16:21,146
you know, people who said,
"But wait a minute,
240
00:16:21,271 --> 00:16:25,567
you can't put money into this
and take it away from other things."
241
00:16:25,734 --> 00:16:27,194
And he said, "But we have to,
242
00:16:27,277 --> 00:16:29,196
because we have to learn
about this disease."
243
00:16:29,989 --> 00:16:32,574
DR. FAUCI: I recruited young people
to work with me.
244
00:16:32,908 --> 00:16:36,829
Henry Masur, who was
on the junior faculty at Cornell,
245
00:16:37,162 --> 00:16:39,707
Cliff Lane had just finished
his fellowship
246
00:16:40,249 --> 00:16:45,337
and the three of us
became the Three Musketeers of HIV
247
00:16:45,421 --> 00:16:46,588
here at NIH.
248
00:16:47,840 --> 00:16:52,011
Our focus at the time was
the adult human immune system.
249
00:16:52,094 --> 00:16:54,763
There weren't a lot of groups
that had that as a focus.
250
00:16:54,972 --> 00:16:57,057
You just knew you had to do something.
251
00:16:57,224 --> 00:16:58,892
Because you thought
you could do something.
252
00:16:59,018 --> 00:17:03,897
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
253
00:17:04,023 --> 00:17:06,692
TOM BROKAW: Scientists
at the National Center For Disease Control
254
00:17:06,817 --> 00:17:09,445
in Atlanta today released the results
of a study
255
00:17:09,570 --> 00:17:13,240
which shows that the lifestyle
of some male homosexuals
256
00:17:13,449 --> 00:17:16,493
has triggered an epidemic
of a rare form of cancer.
257
00:17:16,618 --> 00:17:19,246
ROBERT BAZELL:
Researchers know of 413 people
258
00:17:19,371 --> 00:17:21,790
who have contracted the condition
in the past year.
259
00:17:22,082 --> 00:17:24,710
One third have died
and none have been cured.
260
00:17:24,918 --> 00:17:26,837
How many friends have you lost
to this disease?
261
00:17:26,962 --> 00:17:28,005
Twenty.
262
00:17:28,088 --> 00:17:29,173
-JANE PAULEY: Twenty?
-Yes.
263
00:17:29,256 --> 00:17:31,383
JANE: And you have
still more friends who are sick?
264
00:17:31,467 --> 00:17:32,509
Very ill.
265
00:17:32,760 --> 00:17:36,180
Jane, can you imagine what it must be like
if you had lost 20 of your friends
266
00:17:36,263 --> 00:17:38,307
-in the last 18 months?
-JANE: No.
267
00:17:38,432 --> 00:17:42,061
-And you don't know why?
-No cause, no cure.
268
00:17:42,269 --> 00:17:44,063
BAZELL: Investigators
have examined the habits
269
00:17:44,188 --> 00:17:45,731
of homosexuals for clues.
270
00:17:45,856 --> 00:17:49,526
That I was in the fast lane at one time
in terms of the way that I lived my life
271
00:17:49,651 --> 00:17:50,778
and now I'm not.
272
00:17:50,861 --> 00:17:53,197
A-I-D-S. AIDS.
273
00:17:53,280 --> 00:17:55,532
The most frightening initials
in America today.
274
00:17:55,783 --> 00:17:58,577
A medical mystery that destroys
the immune system
275
00:17:58,911 --> 00:18:03,123
and leaves our bodies defenseless
against unusual and deadly infections.
276
00:18:04,708 --> 00:18:06,794
MALE VOICE 1: I was going out
and meeting people,
277
00:18:06,919 --> 00:18:07,961
trying to find a lover.
278
00:18:08,087 --> 00:18:10,798
I didn't know that, you know,
that there were things out there
279
00:18:10,881 --> 00:18:14,551
so secretly hidden
that it was gonna destroy my life.
280
00:18:20,099 --> 00:18:23,769
DR. FAUCI: I had been trained
as an infectious disease doc...
281
00:18:24,353 --> 00:18:25,771
and as an immunologist.
282
00:18:26,063 --> 00:18:29,983
If ever there was a disease
that I was made for...
283
00:18:30,859 --> 00:18:32,194
it's this disease.
284
00:18:34,321 --> 00:18:36,990
DAVID HARTMAN: Dr. Fauci, can you tell us
what do we know?
285
00:18:37,074 --> 00:18:38,367
What are the best clues you've got?
286
00:18:38,492 --> 00:18:40,911
DR. FAUCI: We do have some clues
that it may be a viral agent
287
00:18:41,036 --> 00:18:44,915
that is likely infecting immune cells
that are necessary to fight
288
00:18:45,082 --> 00:18:46,291
certain types of infections...
289
00:18:46,375 --> 00:18:52,256
We didn't know what it was.
We strongly suspected it was a virus.
290
00:18:52,506 --> 00:18:57,678
There is, right now at the present time,
no known cure for AIDS.
291
00:18:57,761 --> 00:19:01,390
We don't even know what the agent is,
much less how to cure it.
292
00:19:01,765 --> 00:19:03,725
GERALDO RIVERA:
Like ink spreading on a blotter,
293
00:19:03,809 --> 00:19:07,146
AIDS has now been identified
in over 35 states
294
00:19:07,271 --> 00:19:09,064
and 16 foreign countries.
295
00:19:09,398 --> 00:19:12,442
DR. FAUCI: It was an evolving picture...
296
00:19:13,318 --> 00:19:15,154
rapidly and frighteningly.
297
00:19:16,113 --> 00:19:18,073
MALE REPORTER:
For the first time North America,
298
00:19:18,407 --> 00:19:21,493
the world's leading experts
on sexually transmitted diseases
299
00:19:21,577 --> 00:19:23,996
meet to share the latest research data.
300
00:19:24,329 --> 00:19:28,167
From the National Institutes of Health,
Dr. Anthony Fauci,
301
00:19:28,417 --> 00:19:32,129
who directs the research on how AIDS
affects the body's immune system.
302
00:19:32,880 --> 00:19:36,800
From what we know now,
once you get the underlying immune defect,
303
00:19:37,009 --> 00:19:40,512
you do not recover from it,
which is a very, very important thing.
304
00:19:40,679 --> 00:19:43,348
FRANK SESNO:
A small army of dedicated medical warriors
305
00:19:43,432 --> 00:19:45,142
is trying to combat this killer.
306
00:19:45,559 --> 00:19:48,770
In the laboratories,
researchers are scrambling for a cure.
307
00:19:48,937 --> 00:19:51,231
In the hospitals and doctors' offices,
308
00:19:51,398 --> 00:19:53,901
the front line soldiers
face a losing battle
309
00:19:54,067 --> 00:19:57,196
and must content themselves
with the little victories for now.
310
00:19:58,906 --> 00:20:01,033
DR. FAUCI: You know, every once in a while
when you're involved
311
00:20:01,116 --> 00:20:03,160
in a difficult situation you get bad news,
312
00:20:03,285 --> 00:20:06,288
bad news and then sometimes
encouraging news comes along
313
00:20:06,413 --> 00:20:07,497
to make you feel a little better.
314
00:20:07,581 --> 00:20:10,584
It was all bad, bad, worse,
bad, worse, bad, worse.
315
00:20:13,253 --> 00:20:17,341
It was just so unbelievably... frustrating
316
00:20:17,883 --> 00:20:21,887
when you're used to...
being able to fix things
317
00:20:22,387 --> 00:20:25,057
and you're just not really fixing
anything.
318
00:20:26,725 --> 00:20:30,479
CHRISTINE: It is very difficult to work
with young people who you care for,
319
00:20:30,646 --> 00:20:34,775
become quite attached to
and in some cases even identify with
320
00:20:34,858 --> 00:20:38,820
and to watch them overtime
get sicker and die.
321
00:20:39,363 --> 00:20:43,867
It is not just one patient,
but one after another after another.
322
00:20:43,951 --> 00:20:48,705
And I had had jobs prior to this one
where people were very sick
323
00:20:49,164 --> 00:20:53,502
and many of my patients had died,
but this was different...
324
00:20:55,379 --> 00:20:59,800
because everybody was, sort of,
at the prime of their life.
325
00:21:03,303 --> 00:21:07,140
Back then, when you got sick
you were gone fast.
326
00:21:08,308 --> 00:21:11,186
Seven, eight, nine months
and it was horrible deaths.
327
00:21:14,815 --> 00:21:17,526
It was a time when all of us
were very scared
328
00:21:17,693 --> 00:21:20,862
and there was very little
that we could do.
329
00:21:22,906 --> 00:21:28,453
I found out in late '85, November 1985...
330
00:21:29,288 --> 00:21:30,414
I was 24.
331
00:21:30,998 --> 00:21:33,458
I didn't know anything
about the politics of AIDS.
332
00:21:33,583 --> 00:21:37,337
I just knew that it was all of a sudden
this terrible scare story
333
00:21:37,462 --> 00:21:42,134
and the country was in a panic about it
and that it was 100 percent fatal.
334
00:21:43,093 --> 00:21:45,887
ROBERT VAZQUEZ PACHECO:
I was living in the Bronx
335
00:21:45,971 --> 00:21:51,268
with my lover Jeff, who was diagnosed
with Kaposi's sarcoma.
336
00:21:51,810 --> 00:21:55,355
For me, the AIDS epidemic started then.
337
00:21:56,398 --> 00:22:00,610
MICHAEL MANGANIELLO: I went to my doctor
and the minute he put the needle in my arm
338
00:22:00,736 --> 00:22:04,281
I knew I was positive, I knew it.
And then I avoided his calls.
339
00:22:04,406 --> 00:22:07,784
For three and a half weeks,
I was able to avoid his calls...
340
00:22:08,410 --> 00:22:12,414
and then he found me and he said
that I was HIV positive.
341
00:22:12,664 --> 00:22:16,043
I said, "Well, what's the prognosis or..."
342
00:22:16,918 --> 00:22:18,628
He said, "18 months."
343
00:22:20,422 --> 00:22:22,215
Breathe in and out with your mouth open.
344
00:22:23,175 --> 00:22:26,887
DR. FAUCI: You know, one of my patients
who had cytomegalovirus retinitis.
345
00:22:27,346 --> 00:22:31,141
Cytomegalovirus is a virus
that chews up the retina.
346
00:22:32,434 --> 00:22:35,270
And he was gradually losing vision.
347
00:22:36,271 --> 00:22:38,648
He would walk in, he'd say,
"Dr. Fauci, how are you?"
348
00:22:38,815 --> 00:22:40,609
He was always upbeat. He'd walk in.
349
00:22:40,817 --> 00:22:42,861
I would smile. You know,
he'd make comments,
350
00:22:42,986 --> 00:22:45,030
"I love your smile.
You have a great smile."
351
00:22:45,322 --> 00:22:48,158
And I'd go in every day and morning,
afternoon, evening
352
00:22:48,241 --> 00:22:50,160
and then, one day,
353
00:22:50,369 --> 00:22:54,081
we walked in in the morning
and I walked in and went up to the desk
354
00:22:54,164 --> 00:22:56,041
and he said, "Who's there?"
355
00:22:56,583 --> 00:23:01,797
And it was clear, you know,
that he gone completely blind.
356
00:23:02,005 --> 00:23:03,590
And it was like... (GRUNTS)
357
00:23:04,257 --> 00:23:08,845
And we were standing around the bed
saying, "Now what?" you know?
358
00:23:09,012 --> 00:23:12,432
And it was... it was terrible,
because he lost his vision completely.
359
00:23:12,808 --> 00:23:13,975
Yeah.
360
00:23:14,434 --> 00:23:15,685
INTERVIEWER: It's affecting you now.
361
00:23:15,936 --> 00:23:17,479
-Yeah.
-INTERVIEWER: Why?
362
00:23:20,607 --> 00:23:22,275
(CRIES)
363
00:23:28,532 --> 00:23:32,202
(SNIFFS) Uh,
post-traumatic stress syndrome.
364
00:23:41,420 --> 00:23:42,546
That's what it is.
365
00:23:44,089 --> 00:23:50,220
(SOFT MELANCHOLIC MUSIC PLAYING)
366
00:23:51,847 --> 00:23:55,225
JENNY FAUCI: My early understanding
of what my dad was doing was...
367
00:23:55,767 --> 00:23:58,353
there's something happening
that's affecting people,
368
00:23:58,437 --> 00:24:00,272
that's hurting people,
that's killing people.
369
00:24:01,648 --> 00:24:05,902
When I think about my dad growing up,
I certainly think about that seriousness,
370
00:24:05,986 --> 00:24:10,365
that intensity and working hard
and wanting to do the right thing.
371
00:24:10,907 --> 00:24:12,117
That's his compass.
372
00:24:13,577 --> 00:24:18,415
At the same time, I also think
about a person that I think
373
00:24:18,540 --> 00:24:20,750
very few people get to see. (LAUGHS)
374
00:24:21,126 --> 00:24:24,629
Which is someone who is funny
375
00:24:24,713 --> 00:24:27,424
and weird and really playful.
376
00:24:28,133 --> 00:24:32,220
This is a record
for the month of July, 1988.
377
00:24:32,387 --> 00:24:34,598
We've been over 100,
so how many days in a row?
378
00:24:35,056 --> 00:24:36,308
-Several.
-CHRISTINE: Too many.
379
00:24:36,975 --> 00:24:40,187
Well, we're just sitting here
hanging out by the pool on a Sunday...
380
00:24:41,813 --> 00:24:42,939
Sunday morning.
381
00:24:44,107 --> 00:24:46,151
CHRISTINE:
Jenny and Daddy are gonna go swimming!
382
00:24:46,234 --> 00:24:47,819
Are you gonna go swimming?
Are you gonna show everybody
383
00:24:47,944 --> 00:24:49,779
how you could stay up straight
in the water?
384
00:24:50,739 --> 00:24:53,408
-Show Mommy.
-CHRISTINE: Come on.
385
00:24:54,534 --> 00:24:57,412
Yeah. You've got water in your eye?
386
00:24:57,537 --> 00:25:03,376
DR. FAUCI: When Chris and I were knee deep
in responding to this historic pandemic.
387
00:25:03,919 --> 00:25:07,756
We wanted to and did raise a family.
388
00:25:08,381 --> 00:25:09,966
-Now you've got us all?
-NAN: Yeah.
389
00:25:10,133 --> 00:25:11,551
-Okay, Nan.
-(LAUGHS)
390
00:25:12,260 --> 00:25:13,970
-Here we are.
-Here we are.
391
00:25:14,346 --> 00:25:17,432
Here's Jenny and her baby sister.
Jennifer, Mommy, and Daddy.
392
00:25:17,557 --> 00:25:19,100
Jennifer and her baby sister Megan.
393
00:25:19,184 --> 00:25:20,352
DR. FAUCI: Hi, Megan.
394
00:25:20,435 --> 00:25:22,229
-Oh, don't you look pretty!
-CHRISTINE: Look, it's coming off.
395
00:25:22,312 --> 00:25:27,400
DR. FAUCI: It's March 30th, 1989...
396
00:25:28,401 --> 00:25:30,487
and Megan is getting herself a bath.
397
00:25:31,404 --> 00:25:34,157
DR. FAUCI: Jenny first and Megan,
then Alison.
398
00:25:34,407 --> 00:25:36,535
-Hi, Momma.
-CHRISTINE: Are you the audience with me?
399
00:25:36,660 --> 00:25:37,661
Yes.
400
00:25:37,744 --> 00:25:39,788
-CHRISTINE: Merry Christmas.
-(SCREAMS)
401
00:25:39,913 --> 00:25:42,374
CHRISTINE: (LAUGHS) Whoa, don't fall!
402
00:25:42,499 --> 00:25:43,708
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
403
00:25:43,875 --> 00:25:46,628
January seventh, the blizzard of 1996.
404
00:25:46,711 --> 00:25:49,714
Probably the largest snow storm
in the history of Washington, D.C...
405
00:25:49,965 --> 00:25:53,301
A foot. It's a foot
and it's gonna be two feet.
406
00:25:55,262 --> 00:25:58,807
When our children were little,
he used to work all the time.
407
00:25:59,391 --> 00:26:02,561
And there were times
when they wouldn't see him
408
00:26:02,727 --> 00:26:04,604
for a couple of days sometimes.
409
00:26:05,855 --> 00:26:08,525
DR. FAUCI: I wouldn't say I neglected
the raising of the children,
410
00:26:08,650 --> 00:26:13,780
but I did not sacrifice
professional things...
411
00:26:14,781 --> 00:26:16,324
as much as maybe I should have.
412
00:26:16,616 --> 00:26:17,742
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
413
00:26:17,826 --> 00:26:21,871
DR. FAUCI: I was not going
to every soccer match,
414
00:26:21,955 --> 00:26:25,792
every track meet, every swim meet.
415
00:26:26,585 --> 00:26:28,587
-Yes.
-CHRISTINE: Whoo! Yeah.
416
00:26:29,504 --> 00:26:31,548
DR. FAUCI: Chris did everything.
417
00:26:32,882 --> 00:26:37,512
But we did something that I think
physically is a little unhealthy,
418
00:26:37,846 --> 00:26:41,224
I don't recommend it for people,
but it worked.
419
00:26:41,725 --> 00:26:43,977
We decided that
we were gonna have dinner...
420
00:26:44,853 --> 00:26:49,149
together every night
no matter how late the dinner was.
421
00:26:51,151 --> 00:26:55,405
JENNY: He would come home
from like a 12 or 13-hour day of work
422
00:26:55,655 --> 00:26:59,117
and he would come in the kitchen
and start dancing with my mom.
423
00:26:59,367 --> 00:27:03,872
I'm like, "Dad, we want to eat dinner.
Please come and sit down."
424
00:27:05,665 --> 00:27:10,712
But we understood that when he's working,
which is all of the time,
425
00:27:10,795 --> 00:27:13,340
he's laser focused.
426
00:27:17,177 --> 00:27:19,012
DR. FAUCI: Rather than name
each and every one of these,
427
00:27:19,095 --> 00:27:21,306
why don't I just talk
about asthma analogy,
428
00:27:21,431 --> 00:27:25,977
I'll mention transportation, autoimmunity,
vaccine developments, skip cancer,
429
00:27:26,102 --> 00:27:28,271
go to immune mediated disease
and then end up with AIDS.
430
00:27:28,480 --> 00:27:32,400
PETER THOMAS: AIDS brings a new level
of pressure and public attention to NIH,
431
00:27:32,651 --> 00:27:34,569
and especially to Dr. Fauci,
432
00:27:34,694 --> 00:27:38,031
who already manages
three full time jobs at NIH.
433
00:27:38,114 --> 00:27:41,451
Administrator, physician,
research scientist.
434
00:27:41,701 --> 00:27:44,162
Pardon my eating,
I'm having my lunch before the hearing,
435
00:27:44,245 --> 00:27:46,665
so if I'm eating in your ear,
don't worry.
436
00:27:46,748 --> 00:27:49,250
We don't have the answer.
We're trying to get the answer,
437
00:27:49,376 --> 00:27:52,796
but we're letting the science take us
where it's taking us.
438
00:27:53,088 --> 00:27:54,589
Researchers believe that they have made
439
00:27:54,673 --> 00:27:57,300
a monumental breakthrough
in the fight against AIDS.
440
00:27:57,384 --> 00:28:00,512
The deadly disease that attacks
the body's immune system.
441
00:28:00,804 --> 00:28:03,098
US Government scientists announced
in Washington today,
442
00:28:03,181 --> 00:28:06,184
they have isolated a virus
they believe causes AIDS.
443
00:28:06,309 --> 00:28:09,354
The breakthrough came
at the National Institutes of Health,
444
00:28:09,521 --> 00:28:12,107
where a way was found
to mass produce the AIDS virus,
445
00:28:12,524 --> 00:28:15,735
study it and most importantly,
to test blood for it.
446
00:28:16,236 --> 00:28:18,655
-REPORTER: Fauci?
-DR. FAUCI: F-A-U-C-I.
447
00:28:18,822 --> 00:28:22,742
DR. FAUCI: We found that we had a virus.
It was really quite transforming.
448
00:28:23,118 --> 00:28:25,829
Now I have it in my hand,
I know what the hell it is.
449
00:28:25,995 --> 00:28:29,624
You know, I have it in a test tube.
It's not like this thing
450
00:28:29,708 --> 00:28:31,793
that's floating around
that we have no idea what it is.
451
00:28:33,545 --> 00:28:35,630
(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
452
00:28:36,214 --> 00:28:39,843
(ABULANCE SIREN WAILING)
453
00:28:43,054 --> 00:28:48,518
There is an inherent fear...
built into viruses.
454
00:28:49,561 --> 00:28:51,104
MIGUEL ALMAGUER:
The lives of millions of Americans
455
00:28:51,271 --> 00:28:54,441
are being severely disrupted
by the coronavirus pandemic.
456
00:28:54,899 --> 00:28:58,945
Schools, work, even iconic institutions
like Broadway and Disneyworld
457
00:28:59,028 --> 00:29:00,905
are shut down. Experts say...
458
00:29:01,531 --> 00:29:04,242
When we hear about one
that is taking off...
459
00:29:04,784 --> 00:29:07,287
it really rings all of the alarm bells.
460
00:29:09,247 --> 00:29:11,291
DR. FAUCI: Seeing a vibrant city
like New York
461
00:29:11,583 --> 00:29:17,005
resembling a bit of a ghost town
was a moving... feeling for me.
462
00:29:17,088 --> 00:29:18,923
-Very emotional...
-(AMBULANCE SIREN WAILING)
463
00:29:19,048 --> 00:29:22,927
...because, you know, I grew up as a kid
roaming around Manhattan.
464
00:29:23,011 --> 00:29:26,097
And to see it empty
was just very, very shocking
465
00:29:26,181 --> 00:29:27,182
in many respects.
466
00:29:28,099 --> 00:29:30,185
But community spread was rampant
467
00:29:30,518 --> 00:29:33,563
and we had to make a decision
to shut everything down.
468
00:29:34,230 --> 00:29:35,774
GABE GUTIERREZ:
The tri-state region now topping
469
00:29:35,857 --> 00:29:40,820
90,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19
and more than 1,500 deaths.
470
00:29:40,945 --> 00:29:43,698
JOHN BERMAN: Hospitals are reeling
with New York City's mayor,
471
00:29:43,907 --> 00:29:46,659
warning they will run out of supplies
by this weekend.
472
00:29:49,913 --> 00:29:51,498
DR. FAUCI: Okay. VRC.
473
00:29:51,873 --> 00:29:52,874
MALE VOICE: Sure.
474
00:29:56,211 --> 00:29:57,796
DR. FAUCI: As soon as we heard
475
00:29:58,379 --> 00:30:02,675
that in Wuhan these cases
apparently appeared,
476
00:30:02,926 --> 00:30:06,262
we had no idea
if it was gonna turn out to be bad.
477
00:30:06,346 --> 00:30:10,892
We just knew it is conceivable
that this could turn out to be a pandemic.
478
00:30:11,893 --> 00:30:15,438
My group here
in the Vaccine Research Center said...
479
00:30:16,439 --> 00:30:20,318
"As soon as we get a sequence,
let's go for it."
480
00:30:21,277 --> 00:30:23,404
The sequence came out,
I believe, on the ninth.
481
00:30:23,530 --> 00:30:25,949
We had the meeting on the tenth.
By the time we got to the 15th,
482
00:30:26,199 --> 00:30:28,284
we were already in the process
of making it
483
00:30:28,368 --> 00:30:32,247
and then 63, 65 days later,
we were in a phase one trial.
484
00:30:32,413 --> 00:30:36,626
Scientists all across the world
are now racing to find a vaccine
485
00:30:36,751 --> 00:30:39,254
that can help combat
the coronavirus in the future.
486
00:30:39,337 --> 00:30:41,089
DAVID SPUNT:
The National Institutes of Health
487
00:30:41,172 --> 00:30:42,799
and a Massachusetts company Moderna
488
00:30:42,882 --> 00:30:45,260
are behind the record speed
clinical trials.
489
00:30:45,426 --> 00:30:47,554
We've been hearing a lot
about the Moderna vaccine,
490
00:30:47,637 --> 00:30:49,055
that's an mRNA vaccine.
491
00:30:49,138 --> 00:30:50,807
ALISYN:
This is different from other vaccines.
492
00:30:50,890 --> 00:30:54,018
It uses mRNA to basically teach the body
how to fight the virus.
493
00:30:54,102 --> 00:30:57,355
But never before have we seen
a successful mRNA vaccine.
494
00:30:57,856 --> 00:30:59,983
When we were confronted with this virus,
495
00:31:00,316 --> 00:31:04,153
there are a lot of very smart people
at the NIH who put their heads together
496
00:31:04,487 --> 00:31:08,157
and realized that mRNA vaccines
could be a real option.
497
00:31:08,241 --> 00:31:11,995
SANJAY GUPTA: If it works,
it's a potentially safer and faster path.
498
00:31:12,370 --> 00:31:16,040
Shortening the development process
from decades to years.
499
00:31:16,124 --> 00:31:19,627
Even though we didn't all know about it,
there was a lot of research being done
500
00:31:19,711 --> 00:31:24,090
for many, many years with the NIH
towards making mRNA vaccines.
501
00:31:24,632 --> 00:31:26,968
-DR. FAUCI: I think it's gonna work.
-MALE VOICE: I do too.
502
00:31:27,051 --> 00:31:28,219
I mean, I really do.
503
00:31:29,345 --> 00:31:33,349
We had been priming
the pump for years before
504
00:31:33,683 --> 00:31:36,936
with the platform technology,
in this case mRNA.
505
00:31:37,395 --> 00:31:41,232
So, as soon as we found out that we were
dealing with a brand new virus,
506
00:31:41,399 --> 00:31:46,988
we said, "This what we do.
We make vaccines. Let's do it."
507
00:31:47,071 --> 00:31:50,575
This is a very exciting technology
at the mRNA vaccines
508
00:31:50,867 --> 00:31:52,118
and it's extremely exciting,
509
00:31:52,201 --> 00:31:54,787
but I don't believe a single one of them
has ever reached market.
510
00:31:56,497 --> 00:31:58,458
APOORVA MANDAVILLI:
It's incredibly impressive
511
00:31:58,583 --> 00:32:01,711
that they made that call,
because it's a bold one.
512
00:32:02,128 --> 00:32:06,382
It took some amount of courage
to move forward with something
513
00:32:06,466 --> 00:32:08,551
that you know isn't an absolute certainty.
514
00:32:08,760 --> 00:32:10,720
I talked to Tony Fauci yesterday,
515
00:32:10,803 --> 00:32:13,306
the Head of the National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
516
00:32:13,473 --> 00:32:16,309
A vaccine is in the works,
but it's a couple of years away.
517
00:32:16,559 --> 00:32:19,729
The fastest we had ever developed
a vaccine before that was for mumps
518
00:32:19,812 --> 00:32:20,855
and that took four years.
519
00:32:20,939 --> 00:32:22,732
And so, we're able to move
very, very fast,
520
00:32:22,857 --> 00:32:26,235
so as soon as we get the phase one dose
out of the NIH,
521
00:32:26,527 --> 00:32:28,196
we'll be able to start phase two
right away.
522
00:32:28,446 --> 00:32:31,157
You're talking over the next few months
you think you could have a vaccine?
523
00:32:31,240 --> 00:32:32,992
-Correct.
-With phase two.
524
00:32:33,701 --> 00:32:37,330
Yeah. You won't have a vaccine.
You'll have a vaccine to go into testing.
525
00:32:37,538 --> 00:32:38,581
MALE VOICE: Testing, yes.
526
00:32:39,248 --> 00:32:42,418
Well, you have the greatest companies
in the world sitting around the table.
527
00:32:42,502 --> 00:32:45,838
I mean, Johnson & Johnson and Pfizer
and all of the companies. Gilead.
528
00:32:46,214 --> 00:32:49,217
Uh, you have all of these great companies
and that's what they're saying,
529
00:32:49,384 --> 00:32:50,802
so I think that...
530
00:32:51,052 --> 00:32:53,846
DR. FAUCI: Would you make sure you get
the President the information
531
00:32:53,930 --> 00:32:57,850
that a vaccine that you make
and start testing in a year
532
00:32:57,934 --> 00:32:59,811
is not a vaccine that's deployable.
533
00:33:00,061 --> 00:33:03,481
So, he's asking the question
"When is it gonna be deployable?"
534
00:33:03,815 --> 00:33:07,610
and that is gonna be, at the earliest,
a year to a year and half,
535
00:33:07,694 --> 00:33:09,320
no matter how fast you go.
536
00:33:09,654 --> 00:33:13,408
I met with the President and with Tony
and a few others in the room
537
00:33:13,491 --> 00:33:14,575
on a couple of occasions.
538
00:33:15,702 --> 00:33:19,789
Oftentimes it was Tony
who was seen as the main proponent
539
00:33:19,872 --> 00:33:21,374
of the unpopular view.
540
00:33:21,457 --> 00:33:25,211
You take a solid flu vaccine,
you don't think that would have an impact
541
00:33:25,294 --> 00:33:27,171
or much of an impact on corona?
542
00:33:27,338 --> 00:33:28,923
DR. FAUCI: No, no. Probably not.
543
00:33:29,966 --> 00:33:33,177
INTERVIEWER: Can you talk
about your early meetings
544
00:33:33,261 --> 00:33:36,347
with the President
and your impressions of him?
545
00:33:36,597 --> 00:33:38,141
Is that something
that you're willing to share?
546
00:33:38,808 --> 00:33:39,809
Yikes!
547
00:33:41,561 --> 00:33:44,022
How deep do you want to get? (LAUGHS)
548
00:33:44,313 --> 00:33:49,193
(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
549
00:33:49,861 --> 00:33:54,699
DR. FAUCI: We had task force meetings
very regularly.
550
00:33:54,907 --> 00:33:58,619
First, a few times a week and then,
almost literally every single day.
551
00:33:59,996 --> 00:34:03,207
MALE REPORTER: We're live now
at the White House in the briefing room,
552
00:34:03,332 --> 00:34:06,085
where moments from now President Trump
will hold a news conference
553
00:34:06,252 --> 00:34:08,504
talking about
his administration's response
554
00:34:08,588 --> 00:34:10,506
to the coronavirus outbreak.
555
00:34:10,590 --> 00:34:12,675
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
556
00:34:12,800 --> 00:34:17,805
DR. FAUCI: We had press conferences
that were a hybrid of a press conference.
557
00:34:17,930 --> 00:34:21,017
It wasn't totally dominated
by the scientists.
558
00:34:21,601 --> 00:34:22,685
Thank you very much.
559
00:34:22,769 --> 00:34:25,229
DR. FAUCI: The President would get up
with his style
560
00:34:25,772 --> 00:34:29,484
and... for reasons that none of us
could understand,
561
00:34:29,567 --> 00:34:33,029
it was always confronting the press.
562
00:34:33,196 --> 00:34:36,449
What do you say to Americans
who are watching right now who are scared?
563
00:34:36,657 --> 00:34:40,453
I say that you're a terrible reporter.
That's what I say. Go ahead.
564
00:34:40,661 --> 00:34:42,789
DR. FAUCI: Because of that,
the public health messages
565
00:34:43,122 --> 00:34:44,582
got a bit muddled.
566
00:34:45,249 --> 00:34:48,961
The President might get up,
and out of nowhere, say something
567
00:34:49,420 --> 00:34:51,881
that we would all go,
"What's that all about?"
568
00:34:51,964 --> 00:34:54,634
JAKE TAPPER: President Trump's
been touting an anti-malaria drug
569
00:34:54,717 --> 00:34:56,719
that he says
could help treat the coronavirus.
570
00:34:56,803 --> 00:34:59,055
So, how beneficial is hydroxychloroquine?
571
00:34:59,180 --> 00:35:02,725
My next guest says doctors
are already using this treatment
572
00:35:02,809 --> 00:35:04,519
in the United States successfully.
573
00:35:04,602 --> 00:35:09,023
For me, I'm absolutely convinced
this is what saved my life.
574
00:35:09,107 --> 00:35:12,819
It was the typical example
that we scientists shudder at.
575
00:35:12,985 --> 00:35:18,366
Joe Jones tells you that I did this
and I got better, therefore, it works.
576
00:35:18,991 --> 00:35:22,537
And it was very clear
that there was no evidence whatsoever
577
00:35:22,787 --> 00:35:25,623
that hydroxychloroquine... worked.
578
00:35:26,207 --> 00:35:29,043
And that's when things got complicated.
579
00:35:29,210 --> 00:35:30,086
Yes, John.
580
00:35:30,461 --> 00:35:33,047
JOHN ROBERTS: A question
for Dr. Fauci, if I could.
581
00:35:33,172 --> 00:35:36,717
Dr. Fauci, it was explained yesterday
there has been some promise
582
00:35:36,801 --> 00:35:38,344
with hydroxychloroquine,
583
00:35:38,427 --> 00:35:41,806
this potential therapy for people
who are infected with coronavirus.
584
00:35:42,098 --> 00:35:45,518
Is there any evidence to suggest
that, as with malaria,
585
00:35:45,601 --> 00:35:48,104
it might be used as a prophylaxis
against COVID-19?
586
00:35:48,271 --> 00:35:52,650
No. The answer is no and the evidence
that you're talking about, John,
587
00:35:52,733 --> 00:35:54,235
is anecdotal evidence.
588
00:35:54,318 --> 00:35:58,114
That was the first time that publicly,
with all the cameras rolling,
589
00:35:58,322 --> 00:36:02,326
I just had to get up and contradict him.
590
00:36:02,827 --> 00:36:05,538
But the information
that you are referring to specifically
591
00:36:05,663 --> 00:36:08,833
is anecdotal. It was not done
in a controlled clinical trial,
592
00:36:08,958 --> 00:36:11,377
so you really can't make
any definitive statement about it.
593
00:36:12,795 --> 00:36:14,630
DR. FAUCI: When I stepped back
from the podium,
594
00:36:14,714 --> 00:36:21,387
I remembered the advice that I got
decades earlier by my good friend
595
00:36:21,470 --> 00:36:26,809
who said, "Whenever you go
into the White House, you should assume
596
00:36:26,893 --> 00:36:30,104
"that there's a possibility
that you're not gonna get asked back,
597
00:36:30,521 --> 00:36:34,066
because you might have to tell somebody
something they didn't want to hear."
598
00:36:34,233 --> 00:36:37,820
And as I stepped back I said,
"Well, this may be it."
599
00:36:38,112 --> 00:36:40,740
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
600
00:36:40,823 --> 00:36:44,994
I think... (CLEARS THROAT)
...without saying too much,
601
00:36:45,119 --> 00:36:50,458
I'm probably more of a fan of that
than... maybe than anybody.
602
00:36:50,750 --> 00:36:54,921
He was so much in his own world
that... I don't...
603
00:36:55,004 --> 00:36:57,924
He didn't react in a way of saying
604
00:36:58,049 --> 00:37:00,259
how dare you contradict me
I'm the President?
605
00:37:00,384 --> 00:37:03,012
It was like, I'll say what I'm gonna say,
you say what you're gonna say.
606
00:37:03,387 --> 00:37:06,682
Let's see if it works.
It might and it might not.
607
00:37:06,807 --> 00:37:09,393
I happen to feel good about it,
but who knows?
608
00:37:09,518 --> 00:37:12,104
I've been right a lot.
Let's see what happens.
609
00:37:12,188 --> 00:37:13,564
-John.
-JOHN: Can I come back to the science
610
00:37:13,648 --> 00:37:15,316
-and the logistics?
-You ought to be ashamed of yourself.
611
00:37:15,399 --> 00:37:17,944
JOHN: The units that were ordered,
are they for...
612
00:37:21,239 --> 00:37:23,824
SANJAY: It just was
a remarkable sort of back and forth
613
00:37:23,908 --> 00:37:26,661
between someone who's using
their gut instincts,
614
00:37:26,744 --> 00:37:29,247
not scientifically based,
not evidence based
615
00:37:29,497 --> 00:37:32,208
against, you know,
a venerable scientist who kept
616
00:37:32,500 --> 00:37:36,671
sort of, on the fly, it seems,
trying to fact check the President.
617
00:37:39,840 --> 00:37:41,550
I just had never seen anything like it.
618
00:37:41,634 --> 00:37:45,388
I think Tony Fauci probably has one
of the hardest jobs in America right now.
619
00:37:48,099 --> 00:37:50,434
(KEYBOARD KEYS CLATTERING)
620
00:37:50,726 --> 00:37:55,106
Communication is not ancillary
to fighting an epidemic.
621
00:37:55,439 --> 00:37:58,150
Communication is central
to fighting an epidemic.
622
00:37:58,526 --> 00:38:02,697
I'd like to provide some basic
but important facts about Ebola
623
00:38:02,905 --> 00:38:04,115
and its transmission.
624
00:38:04,282 --> 00:38:07,076
SUSAN RICE: During the crises
that we faced in the Obama Administration,
625
00:38:07,201 --> 00:38:11,914
it was particularly Dr. Fauci
who brought this extraordinary sobriety...
626
00:38:12,498 --> 00:38:18,087
and rationality and fact based,
evidence based leadership to the table.
627
00:38:18,212 --> 00:38:21,966
-(AMBULANCE SIREN WAILING)
-(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
628
00:38:26,387 --> 00:38:28,264
MATT LAUER:
The Centers for Disease Control
629
00:38:28,347 --> 00:38:32,143
is closely monitoring what's become
the largest Ebola outbreak in history.
630
00:38:32,310 --> 00:38:35,187
NANCY SNYDERMAN: Ebola has been
ravaging West Africa since March
631
00:38:35,313 --> 00:38:38,524
and shocked disease specialists
when it hopped a border by plane.
632
00:38:39,984 --> 00:38:43,279
TOM FRIEDEN: The moment Ebola
began spreading in cities,
633
00:38:43,821 --> 00:38:45,740
we were at the edge of an abyss.
634
00:38:46,407 --> 00:38:48,242
TOM COSTELLO: From the front lines
of West Africa
635
00:38:48,367 --> 00:38:52,621
to the front door of America,
an all-out push to get ahead of Ebola.
636
00:38:52,955 --> 00:38:55,374
I think we've got to let
the science guide us.
637
00:38:57,043 --> 00:38:58,461
SEAN HANNITY: The outbreak
that the President said
638
00:38:58,586 --> 00:39:00,838
was unlikely to come here is now here.
639
00:39:02,882 --> 00:39:07,887
FRANCIS COLLINS: Our nation
was really wired into a frenzy of anxiety
640
00:39:07,970 --> 00:39:10,890
about whether this
is gonna sweep across the country
641
00:39:11,098 --> 00:39:12,433
and take us all with it.
642
00:39:12,516 --> 00:39:16,228
Right now we have a devastating epidemic
in West Africa
643
00:39:16,312 --> 00:39:18,731
and we're having an epidemic of fear
in the United States,
644
00:39:18,856 --> 00:39:21,192
so we've got to continue to try
and educate people
645
00:39:21,275 --> 00:39:23,986
about what they need to
or do not need to be afraid of.
646
00:39:24,111 --> 00:39:28,783
Dr. Fauci clearly understood
and clearly conveyed
647
00:39:29,200 --> 00:39:32,578
that there was a wise,
scientifically driven way
648
00:39:32,661 --> 00:39:35,498
to deal with this and a hysterical way
to deal with it.
649
00:39:35,831 --> 00:39:39,251
The reason we are having
this very difficult situation
650
00:39:39,418 --> 00:39:41,003
in the African countries
651
00:39:41,087 --> 00:39:45,132
is because they don't have the system
to be able to contain it.
652
00:39:45,299 --> 00:39:48,052
If they had the system,
we would not be seeing
653
00:39:48,177 --> 00:39:50,054
all of this suffering and dying
in West Africa.
654
00:39:50,262 --> 00:39:53,599
If that's the case and if it's one case
in the United States now,
655
00:39:53,682 --> 00:39:54,725
as we know it is...
656
00:39:55,643 --> 00:39:57,561
why are we having
news conferences like this
657
00:39:57,686 --> 00:39:58,979
and why are we all so afraid?
658
00:39:59,397 --> 00:40:01,941
SUSAN: Ebola is a terrifying virus.
659
00:40:02,066 --> 00:40:05,611
It causes you to bleed
through your orifices.
660
00:40:06,278 --> 00:40:09,824
It's transmissible through bodily fluids.
661
00:40:10,074 --> 00:40:15,287
It's not, therefore as easy to catch
as a COVID-19 or a flu virus
662
00:40:15,413 --> 00:40:16,705
because it's not airborne.
663
00:40:17,331 --> 00:40:19,166
But it is much more deadly.
664
00:40:22,878 --> 00:40:26,632
The American part of dealing
with Ebola here in this country
665
00:40:27,007 --> 00:40:29,301
took basically a 90 degree turn
this weekend.
666
00:40:29,885 --> 00:40:32,721
MALE REPOTER: A nurse in Dallas
becomes the first person
667
00:40:32,847 --> 00:40:35,599
to contract Ebola in the United States.
668
00:40:35,724 --> 00:40:40,271
Just moments ago, Nurse Nina Pham
left the city for an NIH facility.
669
00:40:40,396 --> 00:40:42,481
DON LEMON: I believe that it's Nina Pham.
670
00:40:42,606 --> 00:40:44,859
SANJAY: It looks like
she's walking off the plane there, Don.
671
00:40:44,984 --> 00:40:47,445
-DON: Yeah, very slowly.
-When we were called upon...
672
00:40:48,028 --> 00:40:52,116
to care for one of the nurses
who got infected, Tony led that charge.
673
00:40:52,241 --> 00:40:56,412
She came here at 11:54.
All of us have been up all night.
674
00:40:56,620 --> 00:40:58,456
We haven't learned a lot
about the virus yet.
675
00:40:58,581 --> 00:41:00,082
We're taking care of the patient.
676
00:41:00,291 --> 00:41:03,419
DR. FAUCI: Even some of our staff
and our community
677
00:41:03,919 --> 00:41:07,631
were a little reluctant
to go near the doctors and the nurses
678
00:41:08,090 --> 00:41:11,302
who were taking care of Ebola patients
because they thought
679
00:41:11,385 --> 00:41:13,762
we were going to infect people
in the community,
680
00:41:13,929 --> 00:41:16,056
which was impossible.
That was not gonna happen.
681
00:41:17,725 --> 00:41:20,060
So, when Nina completely recovered,
682
00:41:20,144 --> 00:41:22,730
we decided
we would publicly discharge her.
683
00:41:23,564 --> 00:41:26,358
As we were waiting in the lobby,
I was saying,
684
00:41:26,525 --> 00:41:31,822
"Maybe I should do something here
that could change around the stigma."
685
00:41:31,906 --> 00:41:36,368
Our patient Nina Pham is free of Ebola.
686
00:41:36,577 --> 00:41:37,578
Nina?
687
00:41:37,703 --> 00:41:43,209
(CROWD APPLAUDS, CHEERS)
688
00:41:43,417 --> 00:41:44,919
DR. FAUCI: I wanted people to see
689
00:41:45,127 --> 00:41:50,174
that I was not afraid of hugging someone
who was completely recovered.
690
00:41:51,550 --> 00:41:54,553
I mean, it was, like, click, click,
click, click all over the place.
691
00:41:54,762 --> 00:41:56,514
-MALE REPORTER 20: We love you, Nina.
-FEMALE VOICE 2: Yeah.
692
00:41:58,849 --> 00:42:01,352
FRANCIS: To be able to turn
that around and say,
693
00:42:01,519 --> 00:42:04,313
"Here's somebody who had it
and she's fine,"
694
00:42:04,605 --> 00:42:08,984
it's a counter to that visceral fear
of contagion.
695
00:42:09,109 --> 00:42:11,570
(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
696
00:42:11,904 --> 00:42:14,532
LAURIE GARRETT: Tony has an ability
to deal with fear
697
00:42:14,782 --> 00:42:17,201
and a really serious understanding
698
00:42:17,284 --> 00:42:21,914
of how to speak about... uncertainty
699
00:42:22,373 --> 00:42:27,545
and threat...
to a terrified general population.
700
00:42:28,379 --> 00:42:32,508
(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
701
00:42:32,591 --> 00:42:35,427
The AIDS problem in America
is only getting worse
702
00:42:35,511 --> 00:42:37,471
with every passing day
and there is no sign
703
00:42:37,596 --> 00:42:39,181
that it will get better any time soon.
704
00:42:40,182 --> 00:42:41,600
MALE REPORTER:
The National Academy of Sciences
705
00:42:41,684 --> 00:42:43,477
is warning of an AIDS catastrophe
706
00:42:43,561 --> 00:42:47,147
unless the government is willing to spend
big money for education and research.
707
00:42:47,940 --> 00:42:51,902
Had this disease afflicted children
or members of the chamber of commerce,
708
00:42:52,194 --> 00:42:54,697
I'm sure the Reagan Administration
would have been breaking down
709
00:42:54,822 --> 00:42:56,448
all doors in order to deal with it.
710
00:42:57,074 --> 00:43:00,953
As the numbers increase,
so does something else. Fear.
711
00:43:01,328 --> 00:43:02,621
-(PHONE RINGING)
-The AIDS hotline.
712
00:43:02,705 --> 00:43:04,331
FEMALE REPORTER:
Most of the callers besieging
713
00:43:04,415 --> 00:43:07,376
the country's AIDS hotlines
are heterosexuals,
714
00:43:07,543 --> 00:43:10,963
panicked at the realization
that they too could be at risk.
715
00:43:11,422 --> 00:43:16,302
I personally will tell my child
if someone has AIDS, stay away from them.
716
00:43:17,386 --> 00:43:18,679
DR. FAUCI: At the time,
717
00:43:18,762 --> 00:43:22,099
people were very concerned
about transmission.
718
00:43:22,600 --> 00:43:26,353
We knew how this was transmitted,
but there was still this crazy stigma.
719
00:43:27,938 --> 00:43:31,567
Even though I was a researcher
and a physician scientist,
720
00:43:31,734 --> 00:43:34,194
I really wanted to get out
and address that.
721
00:43:34,903 --> 00:43:37,489
MALE REPORTER 2: One of the nation's
outstanding researchers on AIDS
722
00:43:37,823 --> 00:43:39,241
is Dr. Anthony Fauci.
723
00:43:39,366 --> 00:43:41,744
Dr. Fauci, thank you very much
for coming in today.
724
00:43:41,910 --> 00:43:45,247
PHIL DONAHUE: Anthony Fauci, MD,
National Institute of Health,
725
00:43:45,331 --> 00:43:47,916
make us feel better
about these anxieties.
726
00:43:48,292 --> 00:43:53,339
It appears that the transmissibility
of AIDS is through repeated sexual contact
727
00:43:53,672 --> 00:43:56,508
and/or in IV drug users
in sharing needles.
728
00:43:56,759 --> 00:44:00,846
There is absolutely no evidence at all
that AIDS can be transmitted
729
00:44:01,055 --> 00:44:03,974
by casual contact, by touching,
730
00:44:04,058 --> 00:44:07,478
by any kind of normal social interactions
that you might have with anyone.
731
00:44:07,936 --> 00:44:11,482
So, I think that the fears
may be understandable,
732
00:44:11,732 --> 00:44:13,525
but they're not scientifically sound.
733
00:44:13,901 --> 00:44:16,904
DR. FAUCI: One of the issues
I had to push back against
734
00:44:16,987 --> 00:44:19,948
is that this was kind
of somebody else's disease.
735
00:44:20,282 --> 00:44:22,076
FEMALE VOICE: Do you think
that maybe the guilt
736
00:44:22,159 --> 00:44:24,453
that the gay community
has been dealing with
737
00:44:24,536 --> 00:44:27,122
could be a reason
for the breakdown of the immune system?
738
00:44:27,331 --> 00:44:28,290
No.
739
00:44:28,415 --> 00:44:32,044
What is your response to those who say
only a small, unsavory group of people
740
00:44:32,127 --> 00:44:33,253
is affected by it?
741
00:44:33,337 --> 00:44:36,382
Therefore, it is not something that those
who lead the straight and narrow life
742
00:44:36,465 --> 00:44:38,050
should be as concerned about there.
743
00:44:38,133 --> 00:44:40,386
To say because someone has
a particular lifestyle
744
00:44:40,469 --> 00:44:43,055
that they're unsavory,
I think is objectionable.
745
00:44:43,972 --> 00:44:45,641
These individuals who are infected,
746
00:44:45,724 --> 00:44:48,394
be they homosexuals
or IV drug abusers, are people.
747
00:44:48,477 --> 00:44:52,731
People who deserve compassion,
who deserve care and who deserve concern.
748
00:44:52,940 --> 00:44:56,568
We need to distinguish
between unfair discrimination
749
00:44:56,652 --> 00:44:59,029
-and fair discrimination.
-AUDIENCE: Oh!
750
00:44:59,154 --> 00:45:03,617
And they are reservoir
of a host of contagious diseases.
751
00:45:03,701 --> 00:45:06,036
I'm gonna have to remove the mic
and we'll move on down this way.
752
00:45:06,161 --> 00:45:07,830
In the light
of that extraordinary outburst,
753
00:45:07,913 --> 00:45:09,832
I think, from a scientific standpoint,
754
00:45:09,915 --> 00:45:12,418
it should be really established
so that everybody understands
755
00:45:12,501 --> 00:45:15,212
that there's nothing intrinsic
about homosexuality
756
00:45:15,295 --> 00:45:19,466
that has to do with AIDS,
and her response was a very good example
757
00:45:19,591 --> 00:45:21,468
of the kind of discrimination
that we're talking about.
758
00:45:22,594 --> 00:45:25,389
EUGENE CLARK: There's only one source
of the AIDS plague,
759
00:45:25,597 --> 00:45:28,475
the homosexual community
is committing genocide
760
00:45:28,559 --> 00:45:30,936
and we are not speaking
and telling the truth to them.
761
00:45:31,353 --> 00:45:35,232
LAURIE: There's religious groups claiming
this is God's revenge
762
00:45:35,399 --> 00:45:40,195
and HIV gave them the excuse
to increase their level of hatred
763
00:45:40,279 --> 00:45:41,822
and their level of discrimination.
764
00:45:41,947 --> 00:45:43,907
Some people have been evicted
from their homes,
765
00:45:43,991 --> 00:45:46,368
either by their roommates
or by their landlords,
766
00:45:46,577 --> 00:45:48,579
because of people's fear
of contamination
767
00:45:48,662 --> 00:45:50,456
through their kind of casual
social contact.
768
00:45:51,081 --> 00:45:54,418
DONOVAN CAMPBELL: If one is against
the reservoir of the disease,
769
00:45:54,710 --> 00:45:57,171
then he's got to be against the reservoir
of the disease,
770
00:45:57,296 --> 00:46:01,675
whether it's cows or monkeys
or homosexuals.
771
00:46:02,092 --> 00:46:04,803
The risk for AIDS
is not being a homosexual man
772
00:46:05,053 --> 00:46:07,806
and the risk for AIDS
is not any of the other groups.
773
00:46:07,890 --> 00:46:11,018
The risk is the behavior.
That's a very important thing.
774
00:46:11,185 --> 00:46:12,186
(INTENSE MUSIC PLAYING)
775
00:46:12,269 --> 00:46:15,230
DR. FAUCI: It was an important experience,
because it got me
776
00:46:15,397 --> 00:46:19,485
to see beyond the individual patient...
777
00:46:20,569 --> 00:46:23,238
beyond the research
and development of the drugs...
778
00:46:23,822 --> 00:46:26,533
what this disease was doing in society.
779
00:46:27,075 --> 00:46:29,369
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
780
00:46:29,661 --> 00:46:31,622
PAT BUCHANAN:
With some 40,000 reported cases
781
00:46:31,789 --> 00:46:35,918
and 20,000 dead or dying,
AIDS remains the gay plague.
782
00:46:36,084 --> 00:46:38,545
There's some similarities
with this pandemic
783
00:46:38,670 --> 00:46:42,883
in the sense that people naturally want
to look for someone to blame.
784
00:46:43,050 --> 00:46:45,135
-(INDISTICT CHATTER)
-TRUMP: We had the greatest year
785
00:46:45,219 --> 00:46:47,971
and then, we got hit
with the China plague, right?
786
00:46:48,055 --> 00:46:49,765
We got hit with the China plague.
787
00:46:50,015 --> 00:46:56,104
China has put 40,000,000 Americans out
of work and killed 100,000 Americans.
788
00:46:56,939 --> 00:47:00,984
It's really convenient for politicians
to have a scapegoat like that,
789
00:47:01,068 --> 00:47:05,405
because if they can blame another country,
if they can blame another group of people,
790
00:47:05,656 --> 00:47:08,200
then they can absolve themselves
of responsibility.
791
00:47:17,626 --> 00:47:20,295
JUDY WOODRUFF: Tensions over when
and how fast to reopen
792
00:47:20,754 --> 00:47:26,093
dominate American life. States and cities
weigh two overriding factors.
793
00:47:26,301 --> 00:47:27,344
Economic devastation
794
00:47:27,511 --> 00:47:31,306
and nearly 84,000 deaths
in the United States.
795
00:47:34,059 --> 00:47:36,770
When you pull back
and the virus is doing this,
796
00:47:36,895 --> 00:47:40,607
it's only gonna do that.
It's not gonna turn around and come down.
797
00:47:42,276 --> 00:47:45,070
DR. FAUCI: Some people may think
it's gonna be like a light switch,
798
00:47:45,237 --> 00:47:47,823
on and off. You know,
we're either out and we're in.
799
00:47:48,115 --> 00:47:49,241
It's just not gonna be that way.
800
00:47:51,952 --> 00:47:53,287
RAND PAUL:
I don't think you're the end-all,
801
00:47:53,370 --> 00:47:55,914
I don't think you're the one person
that gets to make a decision.
802
00:47:55,998 --> 00:47:58,709
We can listen to your advice,
but there are people on the other side
803
00:47:58,792 --> 00:48:00,294
saying there's not going to be a surge
804
00:48:00,377 --> 00:48:03,672
and that we can safely open the economy
and the facts will bear this out.
805
00:48:03,797 --> 00:48:07,175
DR. FAUCI: I have never made myself out
to be the end all and only voice of this.
806
00:48:07,676 --> 00:48:10,721
I'm a scientist, a physician
and a public health official.
807
00:48:11,096 --> 00:48:14,182
I give advice according
to the best scientific evidence.
808
00:48:17,311 --> 00:48:20,939
This phenomena of just telling the truth,
you know,
809
00:48:21,064 --> 00:48:26,486
has made him both, an enemy
and a rock star, you know, all at once.
810
00:48:27,154 --> 00:48:30,198
I want people to know
who they're getting in Tony Fauci.
811
00:48:31,241 --> 00:48:35,245
The head and the heart that comes together
in your body is the real deal.
812
00:48:35,829 --> 00:48:38,916
You're on socks, you're on mugs.
There's Fauci Friday.
813
00:48:38,999 --> 00:48:43,837
Yeah, the National Institutes of hotness!
Just try to stay six feet away.
814
00:48:44,338 --> 00:48:47,007
TREVOR NOAH: The man is out there fighting
to keep people healthy
815
00:48:47,090 --> 00:48:51,261
and everyone is just, like,
"Drop you pants. Show us that PhD."
816
00:48:52,262 --> 00:48:55,933
JENNY: It's been totally surreal
to walk past a bookstore
817
00:48:56,058 --> 00:48:59,853
in my neighborhood and see,
like, a candle with my dad's face on it.
818
00:48:59,978 --> 00:49:03,482
It's like, I don't know
that that will ever feel... (LAUGHS)
819
00:49:03,899 --> 00:49:08,528
...um, not totally disorienting
and strange.
820
00:49:09,029 --> 00:49:12,074
Excuse me, don't go outside
without your mask.
821
00:49:13,033 --> 00:49:15,786
Called it Fauci Spring
and people kinda freaked out
822
00:49:15,911 --> 00:49:16,912
about this one.
823
00:49:16,995 --> 00:49:20,374
I've just found him very honest,
trustworthy. Kind of like a super hero.
824
00:49:21,291 --> 00:49:25,295
It's amusing, it's interesting,
but you can't take it seriously,
825
00:49:25,379 --> 00:49:28,173
because then you'll start thinking
that you're something that you're not.
826
00:49:30,550 --> 00:49:35,097
However, built into that...
are some fun things.
827
00:49:35,222 --> 00:49:38,016
MALE COMMENTATOR:
We welcome Dr. Anthony Fauci.
828
00:49:38,100 --> 00:49:39,434
(AUDIENCE CHEERING)
829
00:49:39,601 --> 00:49:43,105
NICOLE WALLACE:
Fauci's throw was just a bit outside.
830
00:49:43,313 --> 00:49:45,440
Unfortunately, it turns out the man,
like all of us,
831
00:49:45,524 --> 00:49:46,566
-has a flaw.
-(LAUGHS)
832
00:49:47,401 --> 00:49:49,361
DOREEN GENTZLER: There's a campaign
to make you
833
00:49:49,486 --> 00:49:52,280
the People Magazine
Sexiest Man of the Year.
834
00:49:52,364 --> 00:49:54,366
-Why is this happening?
-(LAUGHS)
835
00:49:54,908 --> 00:49:59,287
DR. FAUCI: I have become "a symbol
for something that isn't really me."
836
00:49:59,496 --> 00:50:01,707
It's something that has been created.
837
00:50:02,040 --> 00:50:04,626
Which, I'm fine with that,
as long as it helps people.
838
00:50:04,918 --> 00:50:08,588
But they need to realize
that when the world gets back to normal,
839
00:50:09,131 --> 00:50:12,676
for sure, I am not the sexiest man
in the world. (LAUGHS)
840
00:50:13,468 --> 00:50:15,762
APOORVA: In the US, before this pandemic,
841
00:50:15,929 --> 00:50:20,058
if you pushed someone to name a scientist,
I bet they couldn't have.
842
00:50:20,517 --> 00:50:22,352
And now they can say Tony Fauci.
843
00:50:23,812 --> 00:50:28,942
But, along with all of this attention
and fame came the criticism.
844
00:50:29,818 --> 00:50:31,570
MALE VOICE:
Anthony Fauci is doing blogs,
845
00:50:31,695 --> 00:50:33,238
he's doing Steph Curry's podcasts.
846
00:50:33,363 --> 00:50:35,741
Can't he get on a lab coat
and make some progress?
847
00:50:35,824 --> 00:50:38,618
He's running for something.
Does anybody know what?
848
00:50:38,869 --> 00:50:41,079
Because, above all,
you must never mock
849
00:50:41,163 --> 00:50:42,998
the sainted Anthony Fauci.
850
00:50:44,041 --> 00:50:47,335
Tony's been criticized for a lot of things
during this pandemic.
851
00:50:47,753 --> 00:50:50,297
Some of those he deserves,
like the mask guidance.
852
00:50:50,380 --> 00:50:52,049
I think that was confusing for people.
853
00:50:52,466 --> 00:50:54,342
In March, Fauci told 60 Minutes
854
00:50:54,468 --> 00:50:56,928
there's no reason
to be walking around with a mask.
855
00:50:57,804 --> 00:50:58,972
Well, there was.
856
00:50:59,181 --> 00:51:03,351
He felt he was going by the best
of what science offered at the time
857
00:51:03,477 --> 00:51:05,854
and he's obviously been beaten up about it
quite a bit.
858
00:51:07,105 --> 00:51:09,399
But it still is something I wonder about.
859
00:51:11,693 --> 00:51:14,529
DR. FAUCI: Early on,
the White House Coronavirus Task Force
860
00:51:14,613 --> 00:51:17,240
was told we really have
a shortage of masks.
861
00:51:17,699 --> 00:51:19,493
And we didn't know at the time
862
00:51:20,077 --> 00:51:23,663
that there was
a lot of asymptomatic spread.
863
00:51:23,872 --> 00:51:25,040
We didn't know that.
864
00:51:25,207 --> 00:51:28,794
Under those circumstances I said,
"We shouldn't really be wearing masks."
865
00:51:30,587 --> 00:51:34,591
And then when we found out
that 50 percent of the transmissions
866
00:51:34,674 --> 00:51:38,428
occur from someone without symptoms,
then it became clear,
867
00:51:38,512 --> 00:51:41,431
holy smokes,
we really should be wearing a mask.
868
00:51:46,186 --> 00:51:48,021
ALISYN: There's been questions
over the past couple of weeks,
869
00:51:48,105 --> 00:51:49,272
where is Dr. Fauci?
870
00:51:49,648 --> 00:51:51,650
WOLF BLITZER:
Dr. Fauci's role minimized.
871
00:51:51,817 --> 00:51:55,529
Yeah, apparently he hasn't spoken directly
with the President since June second.
872
00:51:57,864 --> 00:52:00,784
PETER STALEY: We're seeing uptakes again
and nobody's hearing from you.
873
00:52:00,867 --> 00:52:01,952
DR. FAUCI: Yeah.
874
00:52:02,035 --> 00:52:04,913
PETER: Do you still feel you have
some positive influence
875
00:52:04,996 --> 00:52:09,835
through the Task Force
or is it just a waste of time now...
876
00:52:09,918 --> 00:52:12,170
-Well...
-PETER: From the exterior,
877
00:52:12,254 --> 00:52:16,091
it seems like a waste of time and Trump
is on a very different direction.
878
00:52:16,633 --> 00:52:19,427
DR. FAUCI:
Well, I think you just nailed it there,
879
00:52:19,553 --> 00:52:24,558
because right now everything
is about opening the economy
880
00:52:24,850 --> 00:52:26,476
and opening all the states.
881
00:52:27,894 --> 00:52:31,815
PETER: To my mind,
that's why the turning off
882
00:52:31,898 --> 00:52:34,109
of your voice is such a tragedy.
883
00:52:35,443 --> 00:52:41,241
You know, tell me to shut up... (LAUGHING)
...because I keep blogging it...
884
00:52:42,159 --> 00:52:47,497
but if you had a Twitter account,
you'd get literally millions of followers
885
00:52:47,706 --> 00:52:50,417
-within the first 24 hours.
-DR. FAUCI: So, let me ask you a question.
886
00:52:50,750 --> 00:52:53,295
What does having a Twitter account
actually mean?
887
00:52:53,545 --> 00:52:57,591
You've got to type some stuff in
and just send it, is that what it is?
888
00:52:58,008 --> 00:53:00,844
Do you got to respond to things?
I don't have any minutes.
889
00:53:00,927 --> 00:53:02,512
PETER: No, you don't have
to respond to anything.
890
00:53:02,637 --> 00:53:05,223
I don't have any minutes in the day.
891
00:53:05,348 --> 00:53:07,642
PETER:
You're gonna get a million responses...
892
00:53:08,310 --> 00:53:09,936
and you ignore them all
893
00:53:10,395 --> 00:53:15,859
and then you start delivering
your classic public health messages,
894
00:53:16,151 --> 00:53:18,236
avoiding politics...
895
00:53:19,029 --> 00:53:21,573
but you've got millions of people
listening to you
896
00:53:21,698 --> 00:53:24,159
and it's something
the White House wouldn't vet,
897
00:53:24,534 --> 00:53:27,621
as long as you didn't cross
into the political realm.
898
00:53:27,746 --> 00:53:28,788
Right.
899
00:53:28,872 --> 00:53:33,460
(AUDIENCE CHEERING)
900
00:53:33,793 --> 00:53:37,088
Here's the bad part.
When you do testing to that extent,
901
00:53:37,172 --> 00:53:39,549
you're gonna find more people,
you're gonna find more cases.
902
00:53:39,925 --> 00:53:43,803
So I said to my people,
"Slow the testing down, please."
903
00:53:45,722 --> 00:53:47,766
FRANK PALLONE: So, Dr. Fauci,
do you agree with that?
904
00:53:48,433 --> 00:53:49,476
It's the opposite.
905
00:53:49,601 --> 00:53:51,394
We're gonna be doing more testing,
not less.
906
00:53:51,478 --> 00:53:55,523
When you want to give
the American people confidence
907
00:53:55,732 --> 00:53:58,944
that they can trust the knowledge
and the wisdom
908
00:53:59,069 --> 00:54:03,073
coming out the US government.
it behooves us to put the scientists
909
00:54:03,156 --> 00:54:04,783
and the doctors front and center.
910
00:54:07,953 --> 00:54:09,329
DR. FAUCI: We're going
in the wrong direction.
911
00:54:09,537 --> 00:54:12,707
If you look at the curves
of the new cases,
912
00:54:12,916 --> 00:54:15,293
clearly we are not in total control
right now.
913
00:54:15,627 --> 00:54:19,005
Well, Dr. Doom himself,
spreading more COVID panic
914
00:54:19,172 --> 00:54:20,882
and undermining Trump's agenda.
915
00:54:21,049 --> 00:54:23,677
NED RYUN: Honestly, I think Trump
needs to send him back to his office
916
00:54:23,760 --> 00:54:25,470
and shut the door and say,
"Very nice.
917
00:54:25,595 --> 00:54:27,806
"Thank you so much for your thoughts.
We're moving on."
918
00:54:28,223 --> 00:54:31,810
DR. FAUCI: As a country, we went up,
came down,
919
00:54:31,977 --> 00:54:33,895
but instead of going all the way down
920
00:54:34,062 --> 00:54:37,816
we plateaued
at around 20,000 cases per day.
921
00:54:37,899 --> 00:54:41,528
Trade advisor Peter Navarro
wrote this Op-Ed saying,
922
00:54:41,611 --> 00:54:43,280
"Anthony Fauci has been wrong
923
00:54:43,363 --> 00:54:46,324
about everything
I have interacted with him on."
924
00:54:47,409 --> 00:54:50,453
DR. FAUCI: What I've been trying to do
is to get people to realize
925
00:54:50,537 --> 00:54:55,000
how important it is to do
the fundamental public health measures,
926
00:54:55,208 --> 00:54:56,543
because if we don't do that,
927
00:54:56,710 --> 00:54:59,045
we are afraid
things could actually get worse.
928
00:54:59,212 --> 00:55:03,717
Why on earth would your Administration
be involved in a campaign at this point
929
00:55:03,842 --> 00:55:05,927
to discredit Dr. Fauci?
930
00:55:06,011 --> 00:55:07,220
Because we're not.
931
00:55:07,554 --> 00:55:11,141
If one man from my Administration
doesn't like him
932
00:55:11,308 --> 00:55:12,934
because he made a few mistakes.
933
00:55:13,018 --> 00:55:14,853
Look, Dr. Fauci said,
"Don't wear masks,"
934
00:55:15,145 --> 00:55:18,064
Dr. Fauci told me not to ban China,
it would be a big mistake.
935
00:55:18,189 --> 00:55:20,608
(CROWD CHANTING) Fire Fauci!
936
00:55:20,900 --> 00:55:24,571
Fire Fauci, fire Fauci, fire Fauci!
937
00:55:24,696 --> 00:55:28,241
JENNY: Of course he was disturbed
by any way
938
00:55:28,325 --> 00:55:31,703
in which these attacks
muddied the message
939
00:55:32,078 --> 00:55:36,041
or created a distraction
from the real set of issues,
940
00:55:36,916 --> 00:55:40,837
but the more personal stuff
that was upsetting to me
941
00:55:40,920 --> 00:55:42,464
and my sisters and my mom.
942
00:55:42,922 --> 00:55:45,425
He, as best as he could
and I don't know how he did it,
943
00:55:45,508 --> 00:55:46,593
just put that off the table.
944
00:55:47,927 --> 00:55:52,140
(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
945
00:55:56,144 --> 00:56:00,565
DR. FAUCI: When someone attacks
I don't immediately fight back.
946
00:56:00,774 --> 00:56:01,983
That's not my style.
947
00:56:03,610 --> 00:56:05,195
I don't get into the fray.
948
00:56:06,654 --> 00:56:10,075
And over the years,
which became decades,
949
00:56:10,700 --> 00:56:12,452
that became my mantra.
950
00:56:13,620 --> 00:56:16,790
Using the Godfather
as the great book of philosophy,
951
00:56:17,332 --> 00:56:19,501
it's nothing personal,
it's strictly business.
952
00:56:19,709 --> 00:56:21,586
We'll never be silent again.
953
00:56:21,669 --> 00:56:23,088
-We'll never be silent again.
-CROWD: Fight back.
954
00:56:23,171 --> 00:56:24,672
MICHAEL HIRSCH:
Nineteen thousand people a day.
955
00:56:24,756 --> 00:56:28,968
If 19,000 grandmothers or boy scouts
or 11 boy scouts had died,
956
00:56:29,177 --> 00:56:30,637
we'd go bananas in this country.
957
00:56:30,845 --> 00:56:32,722
Murder! Murder! Murder!
958
00:56:32,806 --> 00:56:35,809
LARRY: The only people in charge
of AIDS are incompetent hacks.
959
00:56:36,059 --> 00:56:38,144
You know, the rage is so intense,
960
00:56:38,353 --> 00:56:41,856
what do you do to make a government fight
to do something
961
00:56:41,981 --> 00:56:44,359
to save 40,000 people?
962
00:56:44,442 --> 00:56:47,570
(AUDIENCE APPLAUD)
963
00:56:49,906 --> 00:56:54,911
My first evidence
that there was anger out there...
964
00:56:56,204 --> 00:57:00,792
at the government's response
to HIV-AIDS was an article
965
00:57:00,959 --> 00:57:04,963
which had the headline,
"An Open Letter To Incompetent Idiot.
966
00:57:05,046 --> 00:57:07,424
"I Call You A Murderer,
Dr. Anthony Fauci."
967
00:57:08,341 --> 00:57:12,011
And went on saying
just what a complete disaster I was.
968
00:57:12,262 --> 00:57:14,222
I didn't know what I was doing.
I was this, I was that.
969
00:57:14,347 --> 00:57:17,142
And I said,
"Oh, my God, what did I do to this guy?"
970
00:57:17,225 --> 00:57:20,395
Dr. Anthony Fauci is God in AIDS research.
971
00:57:21,646 --> 00:57:24,691
He's just been inhumane, I guess,
is the only thing I can say.
972
00:57:25,733 --> 00:57:28,736
DR. FAUCI: It was written by a man
named Larry Kramer,
973
00:57:29,696 --> 00:57:34,784
who was a firebrand
that was leading a group called ACT UP.
974
00:57:35,118 --> 00:57:38,788
PROTESTERS: Act up! Stand tall!
It's time for action, City Hall!
975
00:57:38,872 --> 00:57:40,999
If you go ACT UP to a scientist
they go... (GASPS)
976
00:57:41,082 --> 00:57:44,794
You know, ACT UP, my God.
You know, run away from ACT UP.
977
00:57:45,336 --> 00:57:47,839
PETER JENNINGS: The demonstrations
are the work of ACT UP.
978
00:57:48,590 --> 00:57:51,509
A group which believes
that with 76,000 Americans
979
00:57:51,593 --> 00:57:53,219
already dead as a result of AIDS,
980
00:57:53,303 --> 00:57:55,763
it is imperative
to get the message across,
981
00:57:55,847 --> 00:57:59,350
even if people are sometimes given
to outrage because of the message.
982
00:58:00,685 --> 00:58:02,979
PETER: As the deaths mounted...
983
00:58:03,688 --> 00:58:07,317
there was a realization that
if we didn't do something,
984
00:58:07,484 --> 00:58:11,654
we were all going to die
and the country would just let us die.
985
00:58:13,198 --> 00:58:14,491
MICHAEL: I'll never forget
the first meeting.
986
00:58:14,574 --> 00:58:18,453
It was in the West Village.
And I went in and there was this energy.
987
00:58:18,578 --> 00:58:20,246
It was just like, it...
988
00:58:20,830 --> 00:58:25,960
It was indescribable. And I felt hopeful
for the first time.
989
00:58:26,628 --> 00:58:28,838
DAVID BARR: None of us had a background
in science.
990
00:58:30,340 --> 00:58:33,843
I was a lawyer,
somebody else was a graphic designer,
991
00:58:33,968 --> 00:58:36,262
somebody else studied Russian poetry.
992
00:58:37,972 --> 00:58:41,809
Science was not where we came from,
but we began to learn.
993
00:58:42,477 --> 00:58:46,105
And... we started having questions
about the studies.
994
00:58:46,272 --> 00:58:49,025
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
995
00:58:49,192 --> 00:58:52,570
I'd probably come over Fauci's name
during my own research,
996
00:58:52,654 --> 00:58:55,406
but it hadn't really clicked yet,
997
00:58:55,490 --> 00:59:00,286
but all of a sudden we were talking
about Tony Fauci at ACT UP meetings.
998
00:59:00,828 --> 00:59:04,040
Tony Fauci was... the enemy.
999
00:59:09,963 --> 00:59:14,259
For me, I had just lost my partner.
I was...
1000
00:59:14,968 --> 00:59:20,139
in grief and we needed drugs.
We needed them yesterday.
1001
00:59:20,306 --> 00:59:23,810
ACT UP's focus
was always drugs into bodies.
1002
00:59:23,893 --> 00:59:25,645
That's what the motto was.
1003
00:59:28,147 --> 00:59:29,524
Make sure that
we could find treatment
1004
00:59:29,649 --> 00:59:31,442
for HIV and AIDS for people
1005
00:59:31,651 --> 00:59:33,945
and make sure that it was accessible
to everyone.
1006
00:59:35,280 --> 00:59:39,242
AIDS patients breaking the law,
in a desperate battle
1007
00:59:39,367 --> 00:59:40,660
to save their own lives.
1008
00:59:40,785 --> 00:59:42,453
TOM JARRIEL:
Many are now treating themselves
1009
00:59:42,579 --> 00:59:45,039
with medications not yet approved
by the government.
1010
00:59:46,457 --> 00:59:50,336
DAVID: We were fighting with the FDA
over access to an experimental drug
1011
00:59:50,628 --> 00:59:54,215
to treat the pneumonia
that was the leading cause of death
1012
00:59:54,465 --> 00:59:56,134
amongst people with AIDS.
1013
00:59:56,301 --> 00:59:59,262
It was an approved drug already
for cancer patients
1014
00:59:59,345 --> 01:00:02,015
that had immune suppression
and it worked for them.
1015
01:00:03,433 --> 01:00:08,313
And Tony said "No,
we're not really interested in that.
1016
01:00:09,022 --> 01:00:11,149
"We're interested in this drug AZT
1017
01:00:11,232 --> 01:00:13,443
and that's where we're gonna put
our resources."
1018
01:00:14,402 --> 01:00:16,696
PETER: About a year later,
1019
01:00:17,280 --> 01:00:23,369
I think 16 or 18,000 people with AIDS
died of PCP pneumonia.
1020
01:00:24,120 --> 01:00:27,165
And we accused him
of causing those deaths.
1021
01:00:28,374 --> 01:00:31,711
LARRY: This government isn't equipped
to put 10,000 people into a trial.
1022
01:00:31,836 --> 01:00:32,837
It is so disorganized.
1023
01:00:32,920 --> 01:00:34,505
HOST:
There are so many committees.
1024
01:00:34,589 --> 01:00:35,923
But it could be equipped.
1025
01:00:36,007 --> 01:00:37,842
If Tony Fauci were courageous enough
to whisper...
1026
01:00:37,925 --> 01:00:39,427
I want to stay away from the politics.
1027
01:00:39,510 --> 01:00:42,639
...in President Bush's ear
let's do something about this plague.
1028
01:00:42,889 --> 01:00:49,187
It was a little confusing because I,
who had been knocking myself out,
1029
01:00:49,771 --> 01:00:55,485
trying to do the right thing,
was the object of the anger.
1030
01:00:55,693 --> 01:00:58,112
(VOILIN PLAYING)
1031
01:00:58,321 --> 01:01:02,033
DR. FAUCI: But then something happened
within me and I said,
1032
01:01:02,784 --> 01:01:06,079
"You know, something's going on
that I'm missing here."
1033
01:01:09,290 --> 01:01:13,670
And that's when I started
to really reach out.
1034
01:01:13,836 --> 01:01:15,546
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
1035
01:01:15,672 --> 01:01:17,799
PETER: It was pretty much the first
and only time, I think,
1036
01:01:17,882 --> 01:01:23,096
in ACT UP's early history
where anybody in government came to us.
1037
01:01:23,596 --> 01:01:25,348
ACT UP REP 1:
1038
01:01:26,349 --> 01:01:29,644
DAVID: We invited him to come
to an ACT UP meeting.
1039
01:01:30,019 --> 01:01:35,692
He knew that he was gonna face an audience
that was hostile and distrustful.
1040
01:01:36,109 --> 01:01:38,736
ACT UP MEMBER 1:
1041
01:01:54,794 --> 01:01:58,965
DR. FAUCI: It was quite a scene.
I went up there to listen to them
1042
01:01:59,173 --> 01:02:01,759
and to try and explain to them
the rationale
1043
01:02:01,926 --> 01:02:05,847
for why we were doing what we were doing,
even though they did not agree.
1044
01:02:06,347 --> 01:02:09,016
ACT UP MEMBER 2:
1045
01:02:14,814 --> 01:02:15,898
DR. FAUCI:
1046
01:02:21,863 --> 01:02:26,117
The criticism, the hostility,
it didn't really seem to phase him.
1047
01:02:42,216 --> 01:02:46,095
My first impression
was that we're dealing with Brooklyn here.
1048
01:02:46,804 --> 01:02:50,516
He got a complete grilling
and continued the conversation.
1049
01:02:50,808 --> 01:02:52,852
DR FAUCI:
1050
01:03:01,944 --> 01:03:04,113
DR. FAUCI: We didn't agree on everything
in that first meeting,
1051
01:03:04,197 --> 01:03:06,365
but their instincts were right.
1052
01:03:08,993 --> 01:03:13,456
And that started a series of dialogs
1053
01:03:14,081 --> 01:03:18,169
that did not stop the demonstrations.
1054
01:03:18,419 --> 01:03:22,048
CROWD: It's a lie, it's a sham,
it won't work!
1055
01:03:22,256 --> 01:03:23,883
It's a lie, it's a sham!
1056
01:03:24,050 --> 01:03:25,927
DR. FAUCI: Although we were making
progress
1057
01:03:26,385 --> 01:03:30,598
in coming to some rapprochement,
as it were,
1058
01:03:30,932 --> 01:03:36,270
they still thought that something
wasn't happening quickly enough.
1059
01:03:38,481 --> 01:03:42,777
PETER: He did not want to do anything
that was considered rocking the boat
1060
01:03:42,902 --> 01:03:46,072
about scientific norms
and the scientific establishment.
1061
01:03:47,240 --> 01:03:50,868
DR. FAUCI: If you don't forge ahead,
you get accused of being too slow.
1062
01:03:51,536 --> 01:03:54,539
I'm just gonna have to do what's right
and do my job
1063
01:03:54,622 --> 01:03:57,291
and know that this is the right thing
for biomedical science,
1064
01:03:57,458 --> 01:03:59,502
the right thing
for the health of this country.
1065
01:04:00,920 --> 01:04:04,882
DR. FAUCI: How you design a clinical trial
and how you evaluate those results,
1066
01:04:05,007 --> 01:04:10,304
the time it takes to go from the beginning
up to the time it actually gets approved
1067
01:04:11,138 --> 01:04:15,351
were what you would refer to
as sacrosanct processes.
1068
01:04:16,394 --> 01:04:19,397
Rigidity was perfection.
1069
01:04:21,190 --> 01:04:25,278
The reasons I can't get any of these drugs
is because the leadership in this country
1070
01:04:25,361 --> 01:04:28,114
has failed to come up
with a plan of action.
1071
01:04:28,948 --> 01:04:30,032
PETER: Bottom line.
1072
01:04:30,408 --> 01:04:34,203
The government's AIDS research effort,
which he is supposedly in charge of...
1073
01:04:35,204 --> 01:04:36,330
isn't producing.
1074
01:04:36,831 --> 01:04:40,835
ACT UP REP 1: The Federal Government's
AIDS research program is flawed.
1075
01:04:41,502 --> 01:04:44,297
So, we're going to have
a small but tasteful little gathering
1076
01:04:44,422 --> 01:04:47,466
at the National Institutes of Health
on May 21st.
1077
01:04:47,592 --> 01:04:50,052
-(AUDIENCE APPLAUD)
-ACT UP REP 2: Storm the NIH.
1078
01:04:50,428 --> 01:04:53,264
PETER: I called Tony and I said,
"We're coming."
1079
01:04:55,766 --> 01:04:56,809
And it was game on.
1080
01:04:57,768 --> 01:05:01,272
-(FAST MUSIC PLAYING)
-(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
1081
01:05:01,480 --> 01:05:03,900
Every 12 minutes someone dies.
1082
01:05:05,276 --> 01:05:07,153
SUSAN KIDD:
A group calling itself ACT UP
1083
01:05:07,236 --> 01:05:08,863
wants changes in AIDS research.
1084
01:05:08,946 --> 01:05:12,617
Asking for wider and faster testing
of AIDS fighting drugs.
1085
01:05:12,700 --> 01:05:16,829
Here's your money, NIH!
Here's your money, NIH!
1086
01:05:17,204 --> 01:05:19,999
SUSAN SPENCER: Mounted police
and others wearing rubber gloves
1087
01:05:20,082 --> 01:05:22,126
confronted about 1,000 AIDS activists.
1088
01:05:22,293 --> 01:05:27,131
(INDISTINCT CHATTER CONTINUES)
1089
01:05:28,090 --> 01:05:29,800
MALE PROTESTOR: They won't test
any of these drugs
1090
01:05:29,884 --> 01:05:33,971
that will keep people alive.
No Peptide T, no Compound Q.
1091
01:05:34,180 --> 01:05:36,265
Anthony Fauci, I piss on you.
1092
01:05:36,432 --> 01:05:39,602
The NIH is lying!
Women with AIDS are dying!
1093
01:05:41,187 --> 01:05:45,524
Their decisions for our women,
children, people of color is always no.
1094
01:05:45,691 --> 01:05:48,653
Dr. Anthony Fauci
and a lot of other hotshot scientists
1095
01:05:48,861 --> 01:05:51,113
are having conferences
deciding research priorities.
1096
01:05:52,657 --> 01:05:54,700
We think we should be deciding
the research priorities.
1097
01:05:54,825 --> 01:05:56,285
These are the people who know
what's going on
1098
01:05:56,369 --> 01:05:58,079
because they're dealing with it every day.
1099
01:06:00,706 --> 01:06:04,377
DR. FAUCI: I started to put myself
into their shoes
1100
01:06:04,585 --> 01:06:07,421
and finally I realized
what they really wanted
1101
01:06:07,546 --> 01:06:09,423
is to be part of the process.
1102
01:06:10,132 --> 01:06:13,094
I have a disease.
I'm gonna be dead in X number of months.
1103
01:06:13,177 --> 01:06:16,013
You've just given me a plan
that something is gonna happen
1104
01:06:16,138 --> 01:06:17,181
in three years.
1105
01:06:17,306 --> 01:06:19,266
Thank you very much,
but I'm gonna be dead.
1106
01:06:19,558 --> 01:06:21,394
So we need to do a little bit more
about that.
1107
01:06:21,477 --> 01:06:24,397
Typical day at the NIH
watching people die!
1108
01:06:25,022 --> 01:06:27,024
DR. FAUCI: And I started to feel,
1109
01:06:27,233 --> 01:06:29,527
and my staff thought
I was completely nuts...
1110
01:06:30,361 --> 01:06:33,072
almost an affinity... to them.
1111
01:06:37,118 --> 01:06:41,163
I pulled a banner out of my backpack
and I'm starting to tape it up
1112
01:06:41,414 --> 01:06:45,292
and then all of a sudden,
all these cops are lifting each other up.
1113
01:06:45,918 --> 01:06:48,170
They're angry that they've been fooled.
1114
01:06:52,383 --> 01:06:56,595
And they lower me down into the arms
of all the other cops.
1115
01:06:58,681 --> 01:07:01,726
And the commander says,
"Take him through the building."
1116
01:07:03,936 --> 01:07:08,524
Halfway down the hall
I see a very familiar sight.
1117
01:07:09,316 --> 01:07:13,946
A short man in a white coat. (LAUGHS)
1118
01:07:16,699 --> 01:07:21,203
And, uh, he goes... "Peter?"
1119
01:07:21,287 --> 01:07:25,207
And Peter looks me in the eye,
he says, "Tony, I did it. I got arrested.
1120
01:07:25,291 --> 01:07:26,792
"I told you I'd get arrested."
1121
01:07:27,001 --> 01:07:31,005
And the cop looks at me and says,
"What the shit is going on here?
1122
01:07:31,255 --> 01:07:33,674
"Who is this guy? He's your friend?"
1123
01:07:33,883 --> 01:07:36,802
(CHUCKLES) Because he knows
this is the Director of the Building
1124
01:07:37,011 --> 01:07:40,389
and, like, "Who the hell is this guy
I'm arresting?"
1125
01:07:40,598 --> 01:07:43,851
We completely befuddled the police.
1126
01:07:46,187 --> 01:07:49,899
DAVID: Tony understood that
what we were doing was political theater
1127
01:07:50,024 --> 01:07:51,817
to move an issue along.
1128
01:07:53,319 --> 01:07:55,321
He never stopped being open.
1129
01:07:55,780 --> 01:07:59,408
He never said, "The way you treated me
at that demonstration,
1130
01:07:59,533 --> 01:08:01,285
"I'm never gonna talk
to you people again."
1131
01:08:01,660 --> 01:08:04,955
Instead, it was exactly the opposite.
It's "We need to talk more."
1132
01:08:08,626 --> 01:08:14,173
DR. FAUCI: There was a lot of push back
on the part of some of my own staff,
1133
01:08:14,548 --> 01:08:18,677
that I was compromising
the scientific process.
1134
01:08:19,053 --> 01:08:23,557
You can't have activists involved
in our meetings
1135
01:08:23,641 --> 01:08:26,602
where we discuss the design
of a clinical trial.
1136
01:08:29,605 --> 01:08:32,650
PETER: By that summer,
with the International AIDS Conference
1137
01:08:32,817 --> 01:08:34,860
about to happen in San Francisco,
1138
01:08:35,027 --> 01:08:37,905
the relationship
between the scientific establishment
1139
01:08:38,364 --> 01:08:41,867
and ACT UP was at a breaking point.
1140
01:08:44,411 --> 01:08:46,789
FORREST SAWYER: About 100 protesters
have already been arrested
1141
01:08:46,914 --> 01:08:50,209
at the International AIDS Conference
that began today in San Francisco.
1142
01:08:50,793 --> 01:08:53,045
MALE VOICE 17: Researchers feel
that they're undervalued.
1143
01:08:53,295 --> 01:08:55,464
If they feel that they're gonna be
demonstrated against,
1144
01:08:55,589 --> 01:08:57,842
they'll just get out
and do their work in cancer
1145
01:08:58,050 --> 01:09:00,386
and Alzheimer's disease and heart,
what have you.
1146
01:09:00,469 --> 01:09:02,763
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
1147
01:09:02,847 --> 01:09:06,767
You can beat them down
by this constant harassment.
1148
01:09:07,852 --> 01:09:12,481
PETER: Larry Kramer called for riots.
It was getting out of hand.
1149
01:09:13,065 --> 01:09:16,610
And then the organizers of the conference
tried to placate ACT UP.
1150
01:09:17,403 --> 01:09:20,823
They said "If you want to speak,
it's yours."
1151
01:09:21,282 --> 01:09:22,741
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
1152
01:09:22,867 --> 01:09:27,413
PETER: Exactly 30 days ago,
all of us here in the front
1153
01:09:28,164 --> 01:09:31,250
stood up for what we believed in
and vocalized our commitment
1154
01:09:31,542 --> 01:09:34,628
on the beautiful grounds
of the National Institutes of Health.
1155
01:09:36,463 --> 01:09:39,091
When we make mistakes, what's the fallout?
1156
01:09:39,925 --> 01:09:43,220
Some people become offended
and begin to hate ACT UP.
1157
01:09:44,555 --> 01:09:48,350
Whereas, when government
or scientific community makes a mistake,
1158
01:09:48,684 --> 01:09:50,853
thousands of people can die.
1159
01:09:53,105 --> 01:09:58,152
It became patently clear to me
that they were making absolute sense.
1160
01:09:58,235 --> 01:10:00,571
It gives me great pleasure
to welcome Dr. Fauci.
1161
01:10:00,654 --> 01:10:01,822
It's an honor to have him here.
1162
01:10:01,947 --> 01:10:05,951
(AUDIENCE APPLAUD)
1163
01:10:09,371 --> 01:10:13,042
AIDS in the 1990s has revolutionized
the relationship
1164
01:10:13,125 --> 01:10:14,752
between the public and scientists.
1165
01:10:15,586 --> 01:10:18,964
The politically charged nature
of the epidemic has put researchers
1166
01:10:19,048 --> 01:10:21,592
under an extraordinary degree
of public scrutiny.
1167
01:10:22,676 --> 01:10:26,555
They are confronted with the accusation
by some that they are not doing enough
1168
01:10:26,639 --> 01:10:28,224
and that they are moving too slowly.
1169
01:10:28,349 --> 01:10:32,353
(AUDIENCE APPLAUD, CHEER)
1170
01:10:32,478 --> 01:10:33,562
I'm not finished.
1171
01:10:36,774 --> 01:10:40,486
The scientific process is often seen
as overly restrictive
1172
01:10:40,569 --> 01:10:42,279
and even an impediment to solution.
1173
01:10:43,197 --> 01:10:48,369
The most vocal, provocative
and articulate groups among these
1174
01:10:48,494 --> 01:10:49,995
are the AIDS Activists.
1175
01:10:50,371 --> 01:10:54,583
Some of them are better informed
than many scientists can possibly imagine.
1176
01:10:59,004 --> 01:11:01,924
Yet they are sometimes incorrect.
1177
01:11:02,049 --> 01:11:03,133
(CHUCKLES)
1178
01:11:05,261 --> 01:11:06,845
Believe it or not. (LAUGHS)
1179
01:11:06,929 --> 01:11:08,222
(AUDIENCE LAUGHS)
1180
01:11:08,305 --> 01:11:10,849
However, in the interactions
1181
01:11:10,933 --> 01:11:13,352
between physicians, scientists
and activists,
1182
01:11:13,560 --> 01:11:16,188
mistakes have been made by both sides.
1183
01:11:17,064 --> 01:11:22,236
Activists are mistaken when they assume
that scientists do not care about them.
1184
01:11:23,279 --> 01:11:25,948
This is devastating
to a physician scientist
1185
01:11:26,073 --> 01:11:28,325
who has devoted years to AIDS research,
1186
01:11:28,492 --> 01:11:30,494
particularly when they themselves
1187
01:11:30,619 --> 01:11:33,497
see so many of their own patients
suffering and dying.
1188
01:11:34,581 --> 01:11:38,085
On the other hand,
scientists cannot dismiss activists
1189
01:11:38,335 --> 01:11:42,214
merely on the basis of the fact
that they are not trained scientists.
1190
01:11:43,007 --> 01:11:46,510
Activists bring a very special insight
into the disease
1191
01:11:46,719 --> 01:11:49,013
that they can actually be helpful
1192
01:11:49,263 --> 01:11:52,683
in the way that we design
our scientific approaches.
1193
01:11:53,892 --> 01:11:58,605
(AUDIENCE APPLAUD)
1194
01:12:00,274 --> 01:12:03,986
We must join together,
for together we a formidable force
1195
01:12:04,194 --> 01:12:05,487
with a common goal.
1196
01:12:05,779 --> 01:12:09,533
We must never lose sight of the fact
that the people whom we serve
1197
01:12:09,616 --> 01:12:12,786
are the HIV infected people
throughout the world. Thank you.
1198
01:12:19,001 --> 01:12:25,341
(AUDIENCE APPLAUD, CHEER)
1199
01:12:29,053 --> 01:12:32,056
DR. FAUCI: During that speech,
I'm saying something
1200
01:12:32,139 --> 01:12:34,683
and you have the activists clap.
1201
01:12:35,184 --> 01:12:38,270
Then I say something
and the scientists clap.
1202
01:12:38,771 --> 01:12:44,943
The beauty of it is that...
at the end of it, everybody was clapping.
1203
01:12:48,614 --> 01:12:51,075
ROBERT VAZQUEZ-PACHECO: The AIDS activists
went from being the adversaries
1204
01:12:51,533 --> 01:12:53,410
to actually the people
who were sitting down
1205
01:12:53,494 --> 01:12:55,662
at the table with us discussing
what is happening.
1206
01:12:56,914 --> 01:13:01,835
And that is a huge shift.
That changed everything.
1207
01:13:02,378 --> 01:13:06,423
We were able to redesign
clinical trials for HIV.
1208
01:13:07,591 --> 01:13:11,095
Black people, Brown people,
pregnant women,
1209
01:13:11,220 --> 01:13:13,472
young people were included.
1210
01:13:13,931 --> 01:13:17,601
I'm putting myself at your disposal now.
If I don't have an answer for it...
1211
01:13:17,684 --> 01:13:19,937
ED BRADLEY: And your thinking,
has it changed your approach
1212
01:13:20,062 --> 01:13:21,688
to research on life threatening disease?
1213
01:13:21,772 --> 01:13:24,650
Rather than a real abrupt change,
I think it's an evolution.
1214
01:13:25,818 --> 01:13:31,115
You try harder to put yourself
into the position of a patient.
1215
01:13:33,075 --> 01:13:35,911
DAVID: This whole notion of understanding
that we have a value
1216
01:13:36,537 --> 01:13:37,830
in those discussions
1217
01:13:38,080 --> 01:13:41,834
changed the shape of clinical research
and drug development.
1218
01:13:42,251 --> 01:13:44,420
And it went well beyond AIDS.
1219
01:13:44,628 --> 01:13:46,839
-What do we want?
-A cure!
1220
01:13:47,005 --> 01:13:49,049
-When do we want it?
-Now!
1221
01:13:51,009 --> 01:13:53,887
DAVID: Now it happens in cancer
and it happens in Alzheimer's
1222
01:13:54,012 --> 01:13:56,557
and it happens
in all these different disease areas.
1223
01:13:58,851 --> 01:14:00,394
Science has realized
1224
01:14:00,519 --> 01:14:02,980
you need to include these voices
in the process
1225
01:14:03,063 --> 01:14:05,065
because it makes for better science.
1226
01:14:06,483 --> 01:14:09,611
And Tony is the one who opened that door.
1227
01:14:10,487 --> 01:14:13,991
We're the ones who knocked on that door
and pushed that door
1228
01:14:14,199 --> 01:14:15,534
and barged our way in.
1229
01:14:15,742 --> 01:14:18,120
But Tony understood the value of it
early on.
1230
01:14:18,203 --> 01:14:21,457
(AUDIENCE APPLAUDS, CHEERS)
1231
01:14:22,291 --> 01:14:26,253
DR. FAUCI: The difference now
is that divisiveness
1232
01:14:26,670 --> 01:14:30,007
is dominating COVID-19.
1233
01:14:32,301 --> 01:14:35,304
I don't see them ever clapping together.
1234
01:14:36,054 --> 01:14:37,598
I think we're gonna get through it.
1235
01:14:39,433 --> 01:14:45,772
But we're gonna get through it
in spite of this divisiveness
1236
01:14:45,939 --> 01:14:47,983
and this politicization.
1237
01:14:48,817 --> 01:14:51,987
We're not gonna get through it
because of it.
1238
01:15:02,706 --> 01:15:05,292
(PHONE RINGING)
1239
01:15:08,003 --> 01:15:10,714
-DR. FAUCI: Peter!
-PETER: Hey. How are you?
1240
01:15:11,673 --> 01:15:13,008
DR. FAUCI: Oh, I'm all right.
1241
01:15:13,550 --> 01:15:18,055
These fucking dark web people
1242
01:15:18,138 --> 01:15:19,890
-are really, really getting bad.
-PETER: All right.
1243
01:15:19,973 --> 01:15:22,601
They're really, really harassing Chris.
1244
01:15:22,893 --> 01:15:27,606
One of them called up...
with violent threats,
1245
01:15:27,940 --> 01:15:30,192
like eight times today
on her cell phone
1246
01:15:30,317 --> 01:15:32,569
until she figured I've got to just change
my cell phone.
1247
01:15:33,320 --> 01:15:37,908
You know, they're harassing
my daughters constantly,
1248
01:15:37,991 --> 01:15:40,077
which it really bothers me
more than anything else.
1249
01:15:40,619 --> 01:15:43,247
PETER: Remind her that almost all of them
are cowards.
1250
01:15:43,455 --> 01:15:44,665
-Yeah.
-PETER: All just...
1251
01:15:44,957 --> 01:15:47,125
Well, that's
what my Secret Service detail says.
1252
01:15:47,209 --> 01:15:48,293
-They say... I mean...
-PETER: Yeah.
1253
01:15:48,377 --> 01:15:50,212
Because they have a lot of experience
with this.
1254
01:15:50,587 --> 01:15:52,923
And, you know, they don't want
to make light of it,
1255
01:15:53,048 --> 01:15:56,301
but they say that most of them
are just a bunch of fricking cowards.
1256
01:15:57,219 --> 01:16:00,055
PETER: They want to scare you all.
1257
01:16:00,138 --> 01:16:02,349
-Right.
-PETER: They want you to back down.
1258
01:16:02,474 --> 01:16:03,600
Right.
1259
01:16:04,226 --> 01:16:07,479
(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
1260
01:16:07,646 --> 01:16:12,067
When COVID hit, at first, it was like,
oh, my God,
1261
01:16:12,234 --> 01:16:15,153
give Tony space while he does his thing.
1262
01:16:15,487 --> 01:16:17,197
Uh, don't overwhelm him.
1263
01:16:17,906 --> 01:16:19,783
Let's try to figure out
what's going wrong.
1264
01:16:20,659 --> 01:16:26,164
And then when he became this target,
1265
01:16:26,456 --> 01:16:28,250
I just kept checking in.
1266
01:16:31,503 --> 01:16:33,088
(ENGINE STARTING)
1267
01:16:33,380 --> 01:16:37,342
JENNY: For me and my sisters
this was really, really new territory.
1268
01:16:38,260 --> 01:16:42,264
We heard about what he went through
in the HIV AIDS pandemic.
1269
01:16:43,765 --> 01:16:46,560
Like seeing signs, you know,
"Fauci is a murderer."
1270
01:16:47,853 --> 01:16:50,606
And I remember asking him, like,
"Is this what it was like?
1271
01:16:50,731 --> 01:16:54,234
"Was I just not old enough to understand,
but this is actually what it was like?"
1272
01:16:54,735 --> 01:16:57,195
And, you know,
his response is something like,
1273
01:16:57,654 --> 01:17:00,991
"You can't even compare the two.
This is so beyond the beyond."
1274
01:17:04,244 --> 01:17:06,371
DR. FAUCI: The whole atmosphere...
1275
01:17:07,039 --> 01:17:11,251
strains your concept of what normality is.
1276
01:17:14,713 --> 01:17:16,923
You know, and just when you think
everything is okay,
1277
01:17:17,007 --> 01:17:19,217
I was sitting at my desk
and I opened up a letter
1278
01:17:19,384 --> 01:17:21,178
and a puff of powder came up.
1279
01:17:22,179 --> 01:17:26,183
It was on my shirt, my tie, my pants,
my hands and my chin.
1280
01:17:26,767 --> 01:17:28,393
The first thing I thought of was,
1281
01:17:28,518 --> 01:17:30,979
"Holy shit,
why did I open up this letter?"
1282
01:17:32,814 --> 01:17:36,652
And then the options started
to crystallize in my mind.
1283
01:17:37,694 --> 01:17:40,572
One, it's a hoax.
1284
01:17:41,114 --> 01:17:45,702
Two, it's anthrax
and I'm gonna get sick,
1285
01:17:45,786 --> 01:17:47,996
but I'm gonna take Cipro
and I'm gonna be okay.
1286
01:17:48,538 --> 01:17:52,501
Or three, it's Ricin
and I'm freakin' dead.
1287
01:17:58,090 --> 01:18:00,884
Fortunately, it turned out to be a hoax.
1288
01:18:02,219 --> 01:18:05,013
JENNY: My sisters and I
were really worried.
1289
01:18:06,348 --> 01:18:08,642
And that was...
1290
01:18:09,685 --> 01:18:12,979
It continues to be really disturbing,
really unsettling.
1291
01:18:17,526 --> 01:18:20,070
I don't understand the hate
that people have.
1292
01:18:20,570 --> 01:18:23,657
And the hate that leads them
to do something
1293
01:18:23,824 --> 01:18:25,784
that could hurt somebody
or kill somebody.
1294
01:18:26,076 --> 01:18:31,957
I mean, it sort of... reduces my trust
in humanity
1295
01:18:32,708 --> 01:18:35,711
in a way that is probably impossible
to measure.
1296
01:18:35,794 --> 01:18:37,462
But certainly, I felt it.
1297
01:18:49,683 --> 01:18:50,934
(GRUNTS)
1298
01:19:08,910 --> 01:19:13,457
I never, for a moment,
thought that I should resign.
1299
01:19:14,708 --> 01:19:17,127
I just never thought about it.
1300
01:19:21,131 --> 01:19:22,591
I just said to myself...
1301
01:19:23,550 --> 01:19:26,303
focus on what you're trying to do.
1302
01:19:29,181 --> 01:19:34,186
Is what you're trying to do more important
than all of this other peripheral crap?
1303
01:19:36,271 --> 01:19:40,358
If it is, just focus like a laser
and go for it.
1304
01:19:42,944 --> 01:19:43,987
Okay.
1305
01:19:44,571 --> 01:19:47,073
I just realized that I haven't had
a good night's sleep
1306
01:19:47,199 --> 01:19:48,533
in a very, very long time.
1307
01:19:48,825 --> 01:19:52,871
I'm waiting until the first person
enters into the phase three trial...
1308
01:19:52,996 --> 01:19:54,164
(MAN LAUGHING)
1309
01:19:54,247 --> 01:19:56,541
...and then,
I'll have a good night's sleep, so.
1310
01:19:57,125 --> 01:19:58,835
FEMALE VOICE: That will be Moderna,
mRNA.
1311
01:19:59,002 --> 01:20:01,671
No, no. I know that,
but I'm holding my breath
1312
01:20:02,297 --> 01:20:03,507
until that happens.
1313
01:20:04,549 --> 01:20:06,468
It must be something psychological.
1314
01:20:06,760 --> 01:20:10,096
I keep waking up at 2:30
'til quarter to three in the morning.
1315
01:20:12,057 --> 01:20:16,061
DR. FAUCI:
Despite this extraordinary divisiveness...
1316
01:20:16,853 --> 01:20:20,232
it was very clear we were dealing
with a common enemy
1317
01:20:20,774 --> 01:20:23,401
and the common enemy was the virus.
1318
01:20:25,445 --> 01:20:29,950
I really do hope that somehow or other
there is a realization
1319
01:20:30,325 --> 01:20:33,036
that we can't go on this way,
1320
01:20:33,370 --> 01:20:37,374
because it's a lesson that will be,
I think, important for us
1321
01:20:37,582 --> 01:20:39,793
to adequately respond
to the next outbreak,
1322
01:20:39,918 --> 01:20:42,087
which inevitably will occur.
1323
01:20:42,212 --> 01:20:46,466
Maybe not in my lifetime, maybe it will,
but it will occur.
1324
01:20:50,262 --> 01:20:54,140
My dad said on TV, on the radio,
to me, to my mom,
1325
01:20:54,266 --> 01:20:57,727
to my sisters, like,
"We're gonna get through it."
1326
01:20:58,270 --> 01:21:01,523
And he's held that with him
through this whole thing,
1327
01:21:01,940 --> 01:21:04,568
when so many people, the whole country,
1328
01:21:04,651 --> 01:21:07,070
so many of us have struggled to think,
are we ever gonna get through this thing?
1329
01:21:07,696 --> 01:21:10,156
-Are you all set?
-MALE VOICE: I know.
1330
01:21:10,282 --> 01:21:12,409
JENNY: Somehow he's been able
to hold onto that
1331
01:21:12,492 --> 01:21:17,247
because he's lived in times
where it felt like a thing couldn't end.
1332
01:21:18,915 --> 01:21:20,584
(KEYBOARD KEYS CLATTERING)
1333
01:21:24,254 --> 01:21:26,631
(MUSIC PLAYING)
1334
01:21:27,132 --> 01:21:29,384
BROKAW: The search
for an AIDS vaccine...
1335
01:21:29,885 --> 01:21:31,636
that hope now has dimmed.
1336
01:21:32,095 --> 01:21:35,974
More than a decade into the AIDS epidemic,
we're still nowhere close to a cure.
1337
01:21:36,725 --> 01:21:38,768
KEN ARMINGTON:
Since the late '80s, we've seen
1338
01:21:38,852 --> 01:21:40,145
pretty splashy reports in the media
1339
01:21:40,270 --> 01:21:42,272
about drugs that worked well
in the test tube
1340
01:21:42,522 --> 01:21:45,650
and then find out in a few months
that they did not work in people.
1341
01:21:46,943 --> 01:21:49,446
FEMALE REPORTER:
This is the bitter new reality of AIDS.
1342
01:21:49,821 --> 01:21:53,074
There are more drugs around
to prolong patients' lives,
1343
01:21:53,491 --> 01:21:56,286
but their deaths
are more excruciating than ever.
1344
01:21:56,912 --> 01:21:59,748
The biomedical research community
is suffering,
1345
01:21:59,956 --> 01:22:01,583
for not having solved the problem.
1346
01:22:02,083 --> 01:22:04,753
Our country says,
"Why can't you guys do this?"
1347
01:22:05,712 --> 01:22:07,756
DR. FAUCI: It is conceivable
that we will never get a vaccine.
1348
01:22:07,839 --> 01:22:09,549
I think we have to face that reality.
1349
01:22:09,633 --> 01:22:11,468
People sometimes hesitate
to talk about that
1350
01:22:11,551 --> 01:22:14,346
because it gets taken out of context
and people say well, they're giving up.
1351
01:22:14,429 --> 01:22:15,639
No-one is giving up.
1352
01:22:19,434 --> 01:22:21,269
DR. FAUCI: There were a number of studies
that were going on
1353
01:22:21,353 --> 01:22:23,521
that were funded by my institute.
1354
01:22:24,564 --> 01:22:27,359
We had gradual progress...
1355
01:22:28,193 --> 01:22:30,070
but never the home run.
1356
01:22:31,488 --> 01:22:35,659
And then, in 1996,
there are a couple of studies
1357
01:22:36,034 --> 01:22:42,207
that incorporated protease inhibitors
as one of three drugs
1358
01:22:42,624 --> 01:22:44,167
that were given in combination.
1359
01:22:44,501 --> 01:22:45,794
On Close Up this morning,
1360
01:22:45,877 --> 01:22:48,088
reports of possible new treatments
for AIDS.
1361
01:22:48,213 --> 01:22:50,799
ELIZABETH KALEDIN: AIDS drugs known
as protease inhibitors
1362
01:22:50,882 --> 01:22:54,511
may actually eliminate the AIDS virus
in human tissue.
1363
01:22:56,429 --> 01:22:58,932
I'd had the pneumonias
and I was getting skinnier...
1364
01:22:59,641 --> 01:23:01,518
and I didn't have much fight left in me.
1365
01:23:02,227 --> 01:23:06,022
And I got down here with NIH in 1995
1366
01:23:06,606 --> 01:23:08,942
and I was one of the first people
in the country
1367
01:23:09,067 --> 01:23:10,360
that was given the cocktail.
1368
01:23:11,069 --> 01:23:13,738
And seven days later,
my numbers had started to change.
1369
01:23:14,698 --> 01:23:17,033
And my T cells started to rise and...
1370
01:23:18,952 --> 01:23:20,954
my viral burden started to go down.
1371
01:23:23,623 --> 01:23:25,166
I just need a second. Uh...
1372
01:23:30,338 --> 01:23:32,590
(SIGHS) Um...
1373
01:23:36,344 --> 01:23:38,054
That was the moment that changed my life.
1374
01:23:41,057 --> 01:23:43,268
I started getting better.
1375
01:23:46,855 --> 01:23:50,025
LAURIE: Immune systems are restoring
back to normalcy,
1376
01:23:50,483 --> 01:23:52,152
the virus is disappearing.
1377
01:23:52,360 --> 01:23:55,447
It's gotten to levels so low,
it can't even be found.
1378
01:23:55,697 --> 01:23:57,741
It's called the AIDS cocktail.
1379
01:23:57,991 --> 01:24:01,536
And the success of the cocktail
is the first real sign
1380
01:24:01,619 --> 01:24:04,372
that the AIDS epidemic
may not be invincible.
1381
01:24:05,582 --> 01:24:08,168
CLIFF: It really was, like,
the most amazing thing
1382
01:24:08,668 --> 01:24:12,422
to go from a physician
to terminally ill patients
1383
01:24:12,839 --> 01:24:15,341
to a physician who could prevent people
from dying.
1384
01:24:16,885 --> 01:24:19,971
DR. FAUCI: It's the best we've seen
thus far with any drugs.
1385
01:24:20,722 --> 01:24:22,015
The effects are profound.
1386
01:24:22,098 --> 01:24:26,144
I'm certain they're going to be translated
into positive clinical benefits.
1387
01:24:26,561 --> 01:24:29,022
DAVID SANFORD: I no longer feel
as though I'm dying, I no longer crave it.
1388
01:24:29,105 --> 01:24:32,275
I don't have contingency plans
to end my life.
1389
01:24:32,358 --> 01:24:36,738
I'm not in that mode at all.
I'm back among the living.
1390
01:24:37,113 --> 01:24:39,074
I'm a grandmother,
but that's only one grandchild.
1391
01:24:39,157 --> 01:24:41,034
I still have two other children
that don't have children.
1392
01:24:41,367 --> 01:24:42,952
You know, I want a house full.
1393
01:24:43,369 --> 01:24:46,164
And if I keep taking my medicine
I'm gonna be here
1394
01:24:46,247 --> 01:24:48,166
to rock every single one of them
on my lap.
1395
01:24:48,249 --> 01:24:52,712
It's nice to have new things
down the road to look forward to.
1396
01:24:52,879 --> 01:24:55,131
Yeah, I feel like I'm 16 again,
it's great. (LAUGHS)
1397
01:24:56,007 --> 01:24:58,301
Every birthday since I've been 35...
1398
01:24:59,511 --> 01:25:01,596
there isn't one birthday, not one,
1399
01:25:02,347 --> 01:25:06,684
that I don't thank him
for what he has done for me.
1400
01:25:14,025 --> 01:25:19,697
My dad turned 80 this year
and it was the first birthday,
1401
01:25:19,781 --> 01:25:23,034
Christmas Eve, Christmas
that we weren't all together.
1402
01:25:25,578 --> 01:25:27,330
Since I was a little kid,
1403
01:25:27,455 --> 01:25:29,040
I've often taken the role of...
1404
01:25:30,917 --> 01:25:33,628
you know, telling him,
like, "You have to take a break.
1405
01:25:33,753 --> 01:25:35,797
"You have to slow down.
You have to take care of yourself."
1406
01:25:37,215 --> 01:25:40,260
But I saw that as long
as the COVID pandemic
1407
01:25:40,677 --> 01:25:43,096
was happening, he was gonna be all in.
1408
01:25:44,264 --> 01:25:48,768
So, I tried to be there for him
in a different kind of way from afar.
1409
01:25:50,311 --> 01:25:54,232
Checking in with him, calling him,
sending him text messages of birds,
1410
01:25:54,357 --> 01:25:57,193
sending him pictures of my dog.
Something to keep him going.
1411
01:26:00,029 --> 01:26:02,907
DR. FAUCI: Right now,
what I'm going through...
1412
01:26:03,950 --> 01:26:07,912
is kind of like a diabolical repeat...
1413
01:26:08,872 --> 01:26:13,960
of what went on
back when they were children growing up.
1414
01:26:14,961 --> 01:26:21,134
But now they're adults
and they see what I'm going through...
1415
01:26:21,968 --> 01:26:23,428
and what Chris is going through.
1416
01:26:24,387 --> 01:26:30,768
And... they are just amazingly supportive
1417
01:26:31,227 --> 01:26:32,437
and proud.
1418
01:26:33,438 --> 01:26:36,774
-CHRISTINE: Hi, Ali.
-DR. FAUCI: Hey, Ali, babe. Hey, Jane.
1419
01:26:37,108 --> 01:26:38,943
-CHRISTINE: Megan's there too.
-DR. FAUCI: Hey, Megan D.
1420
01:26:39,402 --> 01:26:42,197
Hi, sweet thing. I love you.
1421
01:26:42,780 --> 01:26:44,073
-I love you too.
-DR. FAUCI: Take care.
1422
01:26:44,866 --> 01:26:46,284
I wish you guys were here.
1423
01:26:49,454 --> 01:26:51,164
(WATER RUNNING)
1424
01:26:51,497 --> 01:26:54,167
JENNY: As much as I've given my dad
a hard time my whole life,
1425
01:26:54,792 --> 01:26:59,214
I'm so grateful to see an example
of what it means
1426
01:26:59,422 --> 01:27:03,301
to stay committed to who you are
and stay committed to what you believe in.
1427
01:27:03,468 --> 01:27:06,638
(BELL RINGING)
1428
01:27:10,266 --> 01:27:11,351
DR. FAUCI: With HIV AIDS,
1429
01:27:11,684 --> 01:27:14,687
when we finally nailed down
the triple combination
1430
01:27:14,771 --> 01:27:17,565
that brought down the level of virus
to below detectable,
1431
01:27:17,941 --> 01:27:19,817
it was close to euphoria.
1432
01:27:21,069 --> 01:27:22,320
People were going back
1433
01:27:22,403 --> 01:27:27,367
to what turned out to be
a semi normal existence.
1434
01:27:27,742 --> 01:27:32,747
But that then shined a bright light
on the disparity
1435
01:27:33,206 --> 01:27:35,959
between the developed world
and the developing world.
1436
01:27:36,167 --> 01:27:39,462
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
1437
01:27:48,012 --> 01:27:49,514
PETER MUGYENYI:
1438
01:28:10,660 --> 01:28:15,123
BONO: Inequality raises its head
in many different ways in our world.
1439
01:28:15,623 --> 01:28:18,209
HIV AIDS, it was very clear...
1440
01:28:19,043 --> 01:28:21,754
we could get those pills
for those people or not.
1441
01:28:22,964 --> 01:28:26,301
What would that cost to give patients
the drugs that they need?
1442
01:28:26,634 --> 01:28:28,553
Six hundred US dollars per month.
1443
01:28:28,803 --> 01:28:30,972
And a man like this,
how much would he make a month?
1444
01:28:31,097 --> 01:28:33,016
Maybe five, ten dollars.
1445
01:28:33,349 --> 01:28:34,684
MUGYENYI:
1446
01:28:48,031 --> 01:28:52,327
TOM: The perspective was,
we'll never be able to do that in Africa,
1447
01:28:52,410 --> 01:28:54,203
for all sorts of crazy reasons.
1448
01:28:54,829 --> 01:28:57,206
Not enough money,
people wouldn't take medications,
1449
01:28:57,332 --> 01:28:58,374
it's impossible.
1450
01:28:58,499 --> 01:29:01,711
These drugs have to be administered
during a certain sequence
1451
01:29:01,878 --> 01:29:03,087
at a time during the day
1452
01:29:03,338 --> 01:29:05,006
and when you say,
"Take it at ten o'clock."
1453
01:29:05,131 --> 01:29:07,425
People will say,
"What do you mean by ten o'clock?"
1454
01:29:08,217 --> 01:29:10,011
If you've traveled rural Africa,
you know this.
1455
01:29:10,136 --> 01:29:12,263
This is not a criticism,
just a different world.
1456
01:29:12,722 --> 01:29:14,974
People do not know
what watches and clocks are.
1457
01:29:15,058 --> 01:29:19,479
They do not use Western means
for telling the time. They use the sun.
1458
01:29:21,981 --> 01:29:25,276
GEORGE BUSH: Early in my Administration,
Condi Rice said "Mr. President,
1459
01:29:25,401 --> 01:29:29,322
"are you aware there's a pandemic
destroying an entire generation of people
1460
01:29:29,405 --> 01:29:30,698
in the continent of Africa?"
1461
01:29:31,449 --> 01:29:33,242
I said,
"We need to do something about it."
1462
01:29:33,951 --> 01:29:37,580
People in my Administration
whose judgment I trust said, you know,
1463
01:29:37,705 --> 01:29:38,706
"Unleash Fauci."
1464
01:29:41,334 --> 01:29:43,753
Tony Fauci doesn't come
in the Oval Office and say,
1465
01:29:43,836 --> 01:29:46,047
"I'm gonna make you look good
politically."
1466
01:29:47,423 --> 01:29:48,800
He's not a politician.
1467
01:29:50,802 --> 01:29:54,347
Tony Fauci says,
"I think we can solve this problem.
1468
01:29:54,722 --> 01:29:55,848
"Here are the facts,
1469
01:29:56,015 --> 01:29:58,684
and here's my recommendation
for a way forward."
1470
01:30:00,645 --> 01:30:04,107
DR. FAUCI: So, President Bush told me,
"Go to Africa
1471
01:30:04,190 --> 01:30:07,902
and scout it out.
See if there's something that we can do."
1472
01:30:11,447 --> 01:30:15,326
DR. FAUCI: In Uganda, what we saw was,
I believe,
1473
01:30:15,410 --> 01:30:18,204
what many people think
would not be able to be effected...
1474
01:30:18,329 --> 01:30:22,625
...and that is groups of volunteers
on motorcycles and jeeps
1475
01:30:22,834 --> 01:30:28,047
going into the very, very rural areas,
into the homes of people
1476
01:30:28,214 --> 01:30:30,299
and delivering drugs.
1477
01:30:30,716 --> 01:30:32,176
MUGYENYI:
1478
01:30:39,392 --> 01:30:42,353
DR. FAUCI: I remember going
into a thatched hut.
1479
01:30:42,854 --> 01:30:44,147
"How are you doing?" "Fine."
1480
01:30:44,397 --> 01:30:47,567
"You're taking your medicines?"
"Yes, I'm taking them very regularly."
1481
01:30:47,900 --> 01:30:49,902
"You understand
what the medicine is doing?"
1482
01:30:50,611 --> 01:30:53,948
"Yes, it's blocking the virus
that's killing my CD4 cells."
1483
01:30:54,282 --> 01:30:56,033
Like, what? (LAUGHS)
1484
01:30:57,493 --> 01:31:00,121
All of this stuff that people were saying,
1485
01:31:00,204 --> 01:31:03,332
that Africans don't have
whatever it is it takes
1486
01:31:03,916 --> 01:31:07,253
to understand the importance
of taking their drug regularly
1487
01:31:07,628 --> 01:31:11,048
was clearly, you know,
unmitigated bullshit.
1488
01:31:12,717 --> 01:31:18,890
We put together a model
that was a phenomenally expanded version
1489
01:31:19,307 --> 01:31:21,184
of what Peter Mugyenyi was already doing.
1490
01:31:21,976 --> 01:31:25,897
He had people delivering drugs
that weren't even nurses
1491
01:31:26,022 --> 01:31:30,610
on motorcycles into the bush.
You know, hundreds of miles away.
1492
01:31:31,068 --> 01:31:32,778
And people would take the drug.
1493
01:31:32,862 --> 01:31:35,406
They knew what they were doing.
You could get their viral load down.
1494
01:31:35,698 --> 01:31:37,575
All you needed to do
was to give them the drugs.
1495
01:31:38,910 --> 01:31:44,624
So, I put forth to the president
a 15 billion dollar program called PEPFAR.
1496
01:31:45,458 --> 01:31:48,794
The President's Emergency Plan
For AIDS Relief.
1497
01:31:50,087 --> 01:31:52,673
I ask the Congress to commit
15 billion dollars
1498
01:31:52,757 --> 01:31:54,091
over the next five years,
1499
01:31:54,425 --> 01:31:56,969
including nearly ten billion dollars
in new money
1500
01:31:57,512 --> 01:32:01,390
to turn the tide against AIDS
in the most afflicted nations of Africa
1501
01:32:01,557 --> 01:32:02,642
and the Caribbean.
1502
01:32:03,434 --> 01:32:06,854
(AUDIENCE APPLAUD)
1503
01:32:07,230 --> 01:32:13,694
Fifteen billion dollars. Boom!
It was just the most magnificent moment,
1504
01:32:14,320 --> 01:32:17,198
uh, because I knew what that really meant.
1505
01:32:18,866 --> 01:32:20,910
MUGYENYI:
1506
01:32:34,924 --> 01:32:38,302
DR. FAUCI: We're talking
about preventing seven million infections.
1507
01:32:38,386 --> 01:32:42,640
In other words, seven million people
who otherwise would have gotten infected
1508
01:32:42,723 --> 01:32:44,934
and with no therapy would have died.
1509
01:32:45,560 --> 01:32:48,437
MUGYENYI:
1510
01:32:57,029 --> 01:32:59,073
FEMALE VOICE:
1511
01:33:04,495 --> 01:33:07,373
BILL GATES: PEPFAR was a huge milestone,
1512
01:33:07,498 --> 01:33:10,668
this, you know,
miraculous AIDS intervention
1513
01:33:10,793 --> 01:33:15,131
that... continues to save
tens of millions of lives.
1514
01:33:15,798 --> 01:33:18,801
TOM: It's the largest
bilateral program in health
1515
01:33:18,968 --> 01:33:20,511
ever created anywhere
1516
01:33:20,595 --> 01:33:24,432
and Tony was an early architect of it
and it changed the world.
1517
01:33:25,433 --> 01:33:31,147
BONO: Tony's been made the size
of the tasks he takes on.
1518
01:33:31,439 --> 01:33:36,527
He becomes the size of the challenge
he faces each time.
1519
01:33:38,404 --> 01:33:42,033
AIDS is one of the most
devastating scourges in human history.
1520
01:33:42,575 --> 01:33:46,412
The US President's Emergency Plan
For AIDS Relief has done heroic work
1521
01:33:46,495 --> 01:33:49,248
in making AIDS drugs available
to those who need them.
1522
01:33:49,832 --> 01:33:53,294
Striving for universal access
to AIDS therapies
1523
01:33:53,377 --> 01:33:58,841
is a public health and moral imperative
that should be embraced by all.
1524
01:33:58,966 --> 01:34:03,054
(AUDIENCE APPLAUD)
1525
01:34:03,638 --> 01:34:09,018
I mean that, to me, is, you know,
one of the great success stories
1526
01:34:09,101 --> 01:34:10,436
in all of medicine.
1527
01:34:12,313 --> 01:34:14,565
When you have a global pandemic,
1528
01:34:14,982 --> 01:34:19,028
you absolutely need a global solution.
1529
01:34:21,697 --> 01:34:24,533
To think that you can take care
of yourself
1530
01:34:24,784 --> 01:34:28,871
without taking care
of the rest of the world is just folly.
1531
01:34:37,046 --> 01:34:40,925
(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
1532
01:34:42,843 --> 01:34:47,723
(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
1533
01:34:51,727 --> 01:34:55,898
DR. FAUCI: What the NIH has accomplished,
can accomplish and will accomplish,
1534
01:34:56,482 --> 01:34:59,819
to me, that's the embodiment
of the American spirit.
1535
01:35:00,695 --> 01:35:05,825
The experience that you can do anything
if you put your mind to it, anything.
1536
01:35:06,200 --> 01:35:07,993
-FEMALE VOICE: Hi, Dr. Azar.
-DR. FAUCI: Hi, guys.
1537
01:35:08,285 --> 01:35:11,038
-Hi, Dr. Fauci.
-These are out health care workers.
1538
01:35:11,122 --> 01:35:12,915
-Good morning, Dr. Fauci.
-DR. FAUCI: How are you doing?
1539
01:35:13,290 --> 01:35:15,042
-Good. How are you?
-And one behind us here.
1540
01:35:15,126 --> 01:35:16,127
DR. FAUCI: I'm good.
1541
01:35:16,252 --> 01:35:17,420
(WOMEN LAUGHING)
1542
01:35:17,545 --> 01:35:20,673
And I have to take one with you.
My daughter will kill me if I don't.
1543
01:35:21,298 --> 01:35:25,553
DR. FAUCI: Having lived through
this extraordinary, historic experience,
1544
01:35:25,761 --> 01:35:31,642
it just confirms it's always
the sustained investment in science
1545
01:35:32,101 --> 01:35:33,853
that rises to the occasion.
1546
01:35:34,353 --> 01:35:37,565
COLLEEN MCGOWEN: It is fitting that
we gather here today on NIH campus
1547
01:35:38,065 --> 01:35:41,277
to administer vaccines
designed to battle COVID-19.
1548
01:35:42,153 --> 01:35:46,115
DR. FAUCI: The young people in medicine
really need to understand
1549
01:35:46,240 --> 01:35:47,408
what is possible
1550
01:35:48,325 --> 01:35:53,622
when the biomedical research community
of this country and the world
1551
01:35:54,123 --> 01:35:59,336
decides that they're going after a problem
in a very serious way.
1552
01:35:59,920 --> 01:36:01,964
COLLEEN:
Next we have Dr. Tony Fauci.
1553
01:36:02,131 --> 01:36:04,884
(AUDIENCE APPLAUD)
1554
01:36:05,301 --> 01:36:06,510
COLLEEN:
Many in our nation are saying
1555
01:36:06,635 --> 01:36:09,430
if Dr. Fauci gets the vaccine,
I'm gonna get the vaccine.
1556
01:36:09,555 --> 01:36:11,390
So, tell us a little bit
why it's important?
1557
01:36:12,016 --> 01:36:14,393
DR. FAUCI: Well, to me,
it's important for two reasons.
1558
01:36:14,518 --> 01:36:18,606
One is that I'm an attending
physician here on the staff
1559
01:36:18,689 --> 01:36:20,858
at the National Institutes
of Health Clinical Center
1560
01:36:21,275 --> 01:36:25,029
and so I do see patients.
But, as important, or more important,
1561
01:36:25,154 --> 01:36:29,575
is as a symbol to the rest of the country
that I feel extreme confidence
1562
01:36:30,159 --> 01:36:32,495
in the safety and the efficacy
of this vaccine
1563
01:36:32,620 --> 01:36:35,956
and I want to encourage everyone
who has the opportunity
1564
01:36:36,248 --> 01:36:40,085
to get vaccinated so that we can have
a veil of protection over this country
1565
01:36:40,377 --> 01:36:41,921
that would end this pandemic.
1566
01:36:47,176 --> 01:36:49,178
JUDY CHEN: Thank you, Dr. Fauci
for coming today.
1567
01:36:51,514 --> 01:36:54,308
-Any last minute questions, concerns?
-DR. FAUCI: No.
1568
01:36:57,812 --> 01:36:59,230
JUDY: Thank you so much.
1569
01:37:00,147 --> 01:37:02,733
-(AUDIENCE APPLAUD)
-Bye, Dr. Fauci.
1570
01:37:02,900 --> 01:37:04,777
POPPY HARLOW:
Dr. Fauci, you know him well,
1571
01:37:05,027 --> 01:37:07,655
getting this vaccine,
saying how important it is
1572
01:37:07,780 --> 01:37:09,740
to show the American people it is safe.
1573
01:37:09,907 --> 01:37:12,618
ELIZABETH COHEN: What a moment
for the man who played such a role
1574
01:37:12,785 --> 01:37:15,830
in developing this vaccine,
to get the vaccine himself.
1575
01:37:16,497 --> 01:37:17,498
DR. FAUCI: Excellent.
1576
01:37:18,791 --> 01:37:19,792
APOORVA: In March 2020,
1577
01:37:19,875 --> 01:37:22,795
when we were first envisioning vaccines
for this coronavirus,
1578
01:37:23,045 --> 01:37:25,840
nobody thought that we would have them
by the end of the year.
1579
01:37:26,465 --> 01:37:27,591
ALEX AZAR: How do you feel, Tony?
1580
01:37:28,092 --> 01:37:29,343
DR. FAUCI: Nothing. Feeling good.
1581
01:37:29,885 --> 01:37:31,804
-DR. FAUCI: Feeling good.
-ALEX: (LAUGHING) Excellent.
1582
01:37:32,429 --> 01:37:34,974
APOORVA: There have been many times
in previous administrations
1583
01:37:35,057 --> 01:37:37,560
where people have not wanted
to fund the NIH quite as much
1584
01:37:37,643 --> 01:37:40,437
because they thought, "well,
this is just a bunch of scientists
1585
01:37:40,521 --> 01:37:43,774
doing lab work.
How does that help the regular person?"
1586
01:37:44,149 --> 01:37:45,776
This is how it helps the regular person.
1587
01:37:46,986 --> 01:37:48,445
-PHOTOGRAPHER: Thank you.
-(INDISTINCT CHATTER)
1588
01:37:48,571 --> 01:37:52,366
-(PEOPLE APPLAUD)
-(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
1589
01:37:54,702 --> 01:37:59,331
SUSAN: A public servant is somebody
who gives their skill,
1590
01:37:59,415 --> 01:38:05,296
their intellect, their experience
to the people of the United States.
1591
01:38:06,589 --> 01:38:08,549
You don't do it because you want
to make money,
1592
01:38:09,091 --> 01:38:13,012
you don't do it for the glory.
You do it because you care.
1593
01:38:13,345 --> 01:38:17,850
(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)
1594
01:38:51,675 --> 01:38:54,303
DR. FAUCI:
The two most devastating pandemics
1595
01:38:54,428 --> 01:38:55,971
in the last 100 years
1596
01:38:56,305 --> 01:38:59,600
are, sort of, like bookends on my career
and my life.
1597
01:39:04,229 --> 01:39:10,277
When you're involved in a race
to stop a horrible disease...
1598
01:39:12,363 --> 01:39:17,117
you always feel you're not doing things
quickly enough... or well enough.
1599
01:39:24,917 --> 01:39:29,129
You know, it just reminds me so much
of when we were struggling
1600
01:39:29,213 --> 01:39:32,633
to develop effective therapies for HIV.
1601
01:39:35,761 --> 01:39:37,972
If we had just gotten it
1602
01:39:38,097 --> 01:39:40,975
a day earlier, a week earlier,
a month earlier...
1603
01:39:41,684 --> 01:39:43,852
these number of people
would not have died.
1604
01:39:55,114 --> 01:39:59,284
One of the most mysterious aspects
of our universe
1605
01:39:59,576 --> 01:40:06,000
is how viruses have transformed
our civilization.
1606
01:40:13,382 --> 01:40:16,427
There was a Nobel Prize-winning
bacteriologist
1607
01:40:16,677 --> 01:40:21,432
named Joshua Lederberg, who says,
"It's a never-ending battle
1608
01:40:21,765 --> 01:40:27,146
"between viruses'
spectacular genetic capability,
1609
01:40:27,229 --> 01:40:28,731
"and our wits."
1610
01:40:38,365 --> 01:40:40,951
As someone at my age
and my stage in life,
1611
01:40:41,827 --> 01:40:44,163
it's natural to look ahead and say,
1612
01:40:44,288 --> 01:40:46,790
"What are my children
gonna be faced with?"
1613
01:40:48,042 --> 01:40:51,587
And the one thing I can hope for...
really hope for,
1614
01:40:52,171 --> 01:40:57,468
is that emerging infections
don't inevitably become pandemics.
1615
01:41:01,847 --> 01:41:05,517
I am optimistic that the lessons
that we've learned
1616
01:41:06,310 --> 01:41:08,020
will prevent that from happening.
1617
01:41:15,694 --> 01:41:18,238
I hope that if historians look back...
1618
01:41:19,114 --> 01:41:22,076
if they ever would wanna look back...
(LAUGHS)
1619
01:41:22,576 --> 01:41:25,287
...at what I've done, and my life.
1620
01:41:26,789 --> 01:41:30,667
Maybe somebody says,
"Hey, that guy was pretty good."
1621
01:41:33,128 --> 01:41:37,758
(SOFT MUSIC PLAYING)