1
00:00:27,361 --> 00:00:29,296
Ella, I know you wanna say it.
2
00:00:29,396 --> 00:00:30,397
Go ahead.
3
00:00:30,497 --> 00:00:31,933
I'm not gonna say it.
4
00:00:32,032 --> 00:00:32,800
But you wanna?
5
00:00:32,901 --> 00:00:33,801
Yeah, I do.
6
00:00:33,902 --> 00:00:35,537
I know. Go ahead.
7
00:00:35,637 --> 00:00:36,804
I told you so.
8
00:00:36,905 --> 00:00:37,772
See? Always with the
9
00:00:37,872 --> 00:00:38,640
"I told you so."
10
00:00:38,773 --> 00:00:40,407
'Cause I told you so
11
00:00:41,174 --> 00:00:43,011
You's right this time.
12
00:00:43,176 --> 00:00:44,579
What you mean, "this time"?
13
00:00:44,679 --> 00:00:46,113
I'm always right.
14
00:00:46,346 --> 00:00:47,080
Aight, aight, I got you.
15
00:00:47,180 --> 00:00:48,115
Calm down, calm down
16
00:00:48,215 --> 00:00:48,950
Aight, so get your little candy
17
00:00:49,049 --> 00:00:49,817
or whatever.
18
00:00:49,918 --> 00:00:50,552
And call me back.
19
00:00:50,652 --> 00:00:51,451
Aight.
20
00:00:56,524 --> 00:00:57,424
Hey.
21
00:01:02,195 --> 00:01:04,131
Three fifty.
22
00:01:30,490 --> 00:01:32,994
Like, I don't know,
some... Oh, oh, oh...
23
00:01:33,093 --> 00:01:34,028
You know, like, breakfast.
24
00:01:34,127 --> 00:01:35,029
Okay, breakfast.
25
00:01:35,128 --> 00:01:35,897
I like me some eggs...
26
00:01:35,997 --> 00:01:37,097
You like grits, berries.
27
00:01:37,197 --> 00:01:37,966
I got you.
28
00:01:38,066 --> 00:01:39,232
You got me?
29
00:01:39,333 --> 00:01:40,367
I don't know if I
want... You like berries?
30
00:01:40,467 --> 00:01:42,003
What you be eating berries
with pancakes?
31
00:01:42,102 --> 00:01:43,004
Yeah, I eat berries
32
00:01:43,103 --> 00:01:44,204
with pancakes.
33
00:01:44,338 --> 00:01:45,439
Like blueberry pancakes.
That's so bomb.
34
00:01:45,573 --> 00:01:47,140
See, okay. We've gotta have fun.
35
00:01:47,240 --> 00:01:47,875
We gotta do our own thing.
36
00:01:47,976 --> 00:01:48,843
I feel like...
37
00:01:48,943 --> 00:01:49,777
We gotta do our own thing.
38
00:01:49,877 --> 00:01:51,045
It's gonna be amazing.
39
00:01:51,144 --> 00:01:52,145
I'm really excited...
40
00:02:00,922 --> 00:02:01,756
Tray?
41
00:02:01,856 --> 00:02:02,957
Hey, I think...
42
00:02:03,057 --> 00:02:04,759
I think this
car's following me.
43
00:02:04,859 --> 00:02:06,961
What? For real?
44
00:02:07,160 --> 00:02:07,929
It keeps looping
45
00:02:08,029 --> 00:02:09,030
around the
block.
46
00:02:09,129 --> 00:02:11,666
Dang. Try goin' another way.
47
00:02:13,233 --> 00:02:14,736
Call me when you get home,
okay?
48
00:02:14,836 --> 00:02:15,837
All right.
49
00:02:45,465 --> 00:02:46,299
Mama?
50
00:02:55,710 --> 00:02:56,911
Mama?
51
00:03:01,181 --> 00:03:02,784
Afternoon.
52
00:03:06,854 --> 00:03:09,524
Afternoon. Are you sleeping
53
00:03:09,624 --> 00:03:10,758
or kinda?
54
00:03:12,927 --> 00:03:14,294
Kinda.
55
00:03:17,197 --> 00:03:19,399
Hey, Sleeping Beauty.
56
00:03:21,669 --> 00:03:24,706
- Hello.
- Hey. Hi. Hi.
57
00:03:28,109 --> 00:03:30,978
Want to sit up? Sit up.
58
00:03:31,079 --> 00:03:33,413
There you go. All right.
59
00:03:33,514 --> 00:03:35,083
Come on, one more time.
60
00:03:35,282 --> 00:03:37,350
-That's good. That's good.
-Okay.
61
00:03:37,552 --> 00:03:39,554
-I'm okay.
-How's that?
62
00:03:41,055 --> 00:03:42,757
Yeah. There we go.
63
00:03:43,290 --> 00:03:45,026
Sweetie with you?
64
00:03:45,126 --> 00:03:47,260
He's bringing the trash around
back.
65
00:03:48,328 --> 00:03:51,065
Ah, yeah, garbage day.
66
00:03:51,264 --> 00:03:53,534
Everything in its right place.
67
00:03:55,002 --> 00:03:56,504
Of course you know how to do it
68
00:03:56,604 --> 00:03:58,639
but you don't have to do it,
not while I'm here.
69
00:03:59,507 --> 00:04:02,342
Don't take my job from me,
please.
70
00:04:02,643 --> 00:04:04,879
There's only so much joy left
for me in this world,
71
00:04:04,979 --> 00:04:06,714
you gotta let me have it now.
72
00:04:07,949 --> 00:04:09,249
Okay.
73
00:04:12,220 --> 00:04:13,487
You ready?
74
00:04:20,795 --> 00:04:21,863
Come here.
75
00:04:29,570 --> 00:04:30,772
Okay.
76
00:04:30,872 --> 00:04:32,974
Go slow, okay? Come on.
77
00:04:34,142 --> 00:04:36,677
I got you. Okay.
78
00:04:36,844 --> 00:04:39,914
Could you tell me how
many apartments there are in...
79
00:04:40,014 --> 00:04:41,916
We have 200 units.
80
00:04:42,083 --> 00:04:43,818
- Two hundred, okay.
- Two hundred units.
81
00:04:43,918 --> 00:04:44,919
And everything...
82
00:04:45,019 --> 00:04:46,254
Kitchen, full kitchen...
83
00:04:46,353 --> 00:04:48,388
Full kitchen and...
Yeah, that's...
84
00:04:48,488 --> 00:04:50,091
Well, everyone looks really
nice.
85
00:04:50,191 --> 00:04:52,059
Yes. It's a great group.
86
00:04:52,160 --> 00:04:54,028
You know, Mr. Mayhew,
87
00:04:54,195 --> 00:04:57,031
my husband
was a Tuskegee Airman.
88
00:04:57,198 --> 00:04:59,167
Fought for America
in World War II.
89
00:04:59,267 --> 00:05:01,102
Oh.
90
00:05:01,202 --> 00:05:04,505
Oh, this is a gym here, yeah?
91
00:05:04,605 --> 00:05:06,974
Beautiful, open 24 hours.
92
00:05:22,023 --> 00:05:24,025
Oh, thank you.
93
00:05:27,028 --> 00:05:28,095
Thank you.
94
00:05:38,806 --> 00:05:41,909
So... You've got really nice
kitchen...
95
00:05:47,915 --> 00:05:48,749
Hey.
96
00:05:50,685 --> 00:05:54,555
-At least there's good light.
-Mmm. Yeah.
97
00:06:02,330 --> 00:06:04,332
Look at that cloud.
98
00:06:04,532 --> 00:06:09,537
I see a swimming pool
with boys jumping in.
99
00:06:09,770 --> 00:06:13,107
-Where?
-There. Look.
100
00:06:13,207 --> 00:06:14,474
There's the arms.
101
00:06:14,575 --> 00:06:17,979
Oh, yeah, I see it. I see it.
I see it.
102
00:06:18,179 --> 00:06:22,550
They're a Little League team,
just won the big game,
103
00:06:22,717 --> 00:06:25,853
celebrating and having a ball.
104
00:06:26,020 --> 00:06:27,088
See the splashes?
105
00:06:28,990 --> 00:06:30,157
Mama.
106
00:06:30,324 --> 00:06:33,694
Little League team. Splashes.
107
00:06:34,862 --> 00:06:36,130
It's true.
108
00:06:39,499 --> 00:06:41,569
You and your imagination.
109
00:06:51,145 --> 00:06:52,880
You gonna be all right?
110
00:06:56,350 --> 00:06:57,618
Yes.
111
00:06:58,619 --> 00:07:00,788
I'm gonna be all right, honey.
112
00:07:04,191 --> 00:07:06,627
I'm going to be all right.
113
00:07:06,727 --> 00:07:07,795
Okay.
114
00:07:14,602 --> 00:07:17,405
If anybody can maneuver,
it's your ma.
115
00:07:17,505 --> 00:07:20,374
Okay?
What's she say all the time?
116
00:07:20,473 --> 00:07:23,476
"My husband
was a Tuskegee Airman."
117
00:07:24,679 --> 00:07:26,948
Listen, I know keeping elders at
home
118
00:07:27,048 --> 00:07:28,950
is supposed to be a noble
thing and all,
119
00:07:29,050 --> 00:07:30,618
but there's something to be
said
120
00:07:30,718 --> 00:07:33,587
for keeping her as independent
as she can be.
121
00:07:33,688 --> 00:07:37,224
-Where'd you find them?
-Next to the lamp.
122
00:07:37,325 --> 00:07:39,459
Under a scarf
with the ringer off.
123
00:07:39,560 --> 00:07:41,262
Ugh...
124
00:07:41,362 --> 00:07:42,229
You've got to use the
hook.
125
00:07:42,330 --> 00:07:43,798
That is what it is there for.
126
00:07:43,965 --> 00:07:45,533
Is that Mr. Brett?
127
00:07:45,666 --> 00:07:48,069
- Ohh!
- Ready to go out?
128
00:07:48,202 --> 00:07:50,037
Is this Marion? How's Teddy?
129
00:07:50,137 --> 00:07:52,840
You know, working my nerves,
but what else is new?
130
00:07:55,343 --> 00:07:57,477
-You need some paper towels?
-Yeah.
131
00:07:58,679 --> 00:08:00,815
Let's not miss this flight,
okay?
132
00:08:03,884 --> 00:08:06,787
I love you. Please be safe,
okay?
133
00:08:06,887 --> 00:08:07,855
Okay.
134
00:08:12,860 --> 00:08:14,862
You got your boarding pass?
135
00:08:18,733 --> 00:08:21,202
-I knew you had that.
-Yeah, you knew it, huh?
136
00:08:21,369 --> 00:08:22,370
-You got it.
-Bye.
137
00:08:22,470 --> 00:08:23,704
Bye, baby.
138
00:08:48,929 --> 00:08:51,899
The shipyard
workers at Blohm and Voss
139
00:08:52,033 --> 00:08:56,137
gather for a ceremony
celebrating the company's new
140
00:08:56,270 --> 00:08:58,305
295-foot vessel.
141
00:09:02,309 --> 00:09:03,978
Adopted by the Nazis,
142
00:09:04,078 --> 00:09:07,681
a "heil" salute was mandatory
for German citizens.
143
00:09:09,316 --> 00:09:11,385
But if you look closely,
144
00:09:11,520 --> 00:09:14,855
you'll find someone
who defied this.
145
00:09:16,290 --> 00:09:20,227
His name is believed
to be August Landmesser.
146
00:09:20,529 --> 00:09:25,032
He had joined the Nazi Party
two years before this day,
147
00:09:25,132 --> 00:09:26,767
but in that time,
148
00:09:27,068 --> 00:09:29,870
August met and fell in love
with a woman
149
00:09:30,004 --> 00:09:33,808
unlike any he'd ever met.
150
00:09:33,941 --> 00:09:37,044
Unlike any he was supposed
to have met.
151
00:09:39,180 --> 00:09:40,681
Irma Eckler.
152
00:09:41,582 --> 00:09:43,084
A Jewish woman.
153
00:09:59,333 --> 00:10:02,069
Although a member
of the dominant class,
154
00:10:02,236 --> 00:10:08,742
August saw in Irma what others
like him chose not to see.
155
00:10:11,045 --> 00:10:13,848
Her humanity, her beauty,
156
00:10:15,182 --> 00:10:16,650
her love.
157
00:10:20,354 --> 00:10:21,956
On this day,
158
00:10:23,224 --> 00:10:25,793
he folded his arms
159
00:10:26,093 --> 00:10:31,265
rather than salute a regime
that deemed that love illegal.
160
00:10:33,535 --> 00:10:37,004
On this day, he was brave.
161
00:10:39,541 --> 00:10:43,410
He couldn't have been the only
one who felt something tragic
162
00:10:44,078 --> 00:10:45,212
was happening.
163
00:10:46,280 --> 00:10:50,184
So why was he the only one
among the men
164
00:10:50,284 --> 00:10:53,154
to not go along that day?
165
00:10:53,254 --> 00:10:56,558
Perhaps we can reflect
on what it would mean
166
00:10:56,657 --> 00:10:58,893
to be him today.
167
00:11:02,830 --> 00:11:04,765
I'll leave you with that.
168
00:11:06,601 --> 00:11:07,668
Thank you.
169
00:11:16,844 --> 00:11:18,145
-Good luck.
-Thank you.
170
00:11:18,245 --> 00:11:19,113
Bye.
171
00:11:21,282 --> 00:11:22,917
Let me get this.
172
00:11:26,353 --> 00:11:27,688
-Thank you.
-Thank you.
173
00:11:27,788 --> 00:11:29,356
-Water?
-I'm fine. Thank you so much.
174
00:11:32,226 --> 00:11:33,794
Thank you.
175
00:11:34,663 --> 00:11:36,997
Isabel, Isabel. Hey!
176
00:11:37,097 --> 00:11:38,567
Amari!
177
00:11:38,766 --> 00:11:40,502
I didn't know you were speaking.
178
00:11:40,602 --> 00:11:41,902
No, no, no, one
of my reporters is.
179
00:11:42,036 --> 00:11:43,037
Hey, can you guys give me a
minute?
180
00:11:43,137 --> 00:11:43,704
Okay.
181
00:11:43,804 --> 00:11:46,440
You were solid.
182
00:11:46,675 --> 00:11:48,242
-Nice work.
-I am a better writer
183
00:11:48,342 --> 00:11:49,678
than I am a speaker.
184
00:11:49,810 --> 00:11:50,679
Yeah, well,
you're a better writer
185
00:11:50,778 --> 00:11:52,346
than most people do anything.
186
00:11:52,514 --> 00:11:55,783
So, listen, I was gonna reach
out to you on something.
187
00:11:56,050 --> 00:11:59,688
So I'mma take seeing you
as a sign.
188
00:11:59,787 --> 00:12:02,723
This... This Trayvon Martin
case.
189
00:12:04,291 --> 00:12:06,327
-I know.
-Have you heard the tapes?
190
00:12:06,427 --> 00:12:08,062
No. Of what?
191
00:12:10,297 --> 00:12:11,832
Not the murder?
192
00:12:12,032 --> 00:12:14,603
911 calls.
This killer called 911
193
00:12:14,703 --> 00:12:16,303
before he did it.
194
00:12:16,403 --> 00:12:18,272
And tapes of people that heard
the boy screaming out
195
00:12:18,372 --> 00:12:19,273
and called the police.
196
00:12:22,376 --> 00:12:24,512
-Is this public?
-No.
197
00:12:24,613 --> 00:12:25,614
But it's being released.
198
00:12:25,714 --> 00:12:27,114
Slowly.
199
00:12:27,982 --> 00:12:30,184
But we got him.
200
00:12:30,585 --> 00:12:33,521
Are you interested in listening,
to consider writing something
201
00:12:33,622 --> 00:12:34,421
for us?
202
00:12:38,826 --> 00:12:42,597
Amari, you have a stable
of writers.
203
00:12:42,763 --> 00:12:44,131
They don't have Pulitzer Prizes.
204
00:12:44,865 --> 00:12:46,867
Some of them do, actually.
205
00:12:47,034 --> 00:12:50,204
Yeah, well, then they're not
as brilliant as you on things
206
00:12:50,304 --> 00:12:51,138
like this.
207
00:12:52,306 --> 00:12:55,075
-You know what I do.
-Yeah, and I know what you used
208
00:12:55,175 --> 00:12:56,176
to do.
209
00:12:56,277 --> 00:12:57,612
Some of the best reporting
I've ever edited.
210
00:12:57,712 --> 00:12:59,179
I write books now.
211
00:12:59,280 --> 00:13:02,149
So, that one book you wrote
took way too damn long.
212
00:13:02,283 --> 00:13:05,754
It was a masterpiece
and whatnot, but...
213
00:13:06,120 --> 00:13:09,256
it took too long, Isabel,
if you ask me. Writers write.
214
00:13:11,191 --> 00:13:12,560
So write.
215
00:13:17,398 --> 00:13:20,801
I don't do assignments anymore.
I...
216
00:13:21,802 --> 00:13:24,972
I wanna be in the story.
217
00:13:25,072 --> 00:13:28,375
Really inside the story.
218
00:13:30,444 --> 00:13:32,813
And, yes, that takes time.
219
00:13:33,548 --> 00:13:34,848
Okay.
220
00:13:35,849 --> 00:13:37,752
Maybe after you hear the tapes.
221
00:13:37,851 --> 00:13:39,219
I'mma send them to you.
222
00:13:39,320 --> 00:13:41,556
-Okay.
-Okay. No pressure.
223
00:15:01,301 --> 00:15:04,905
Sanford Police Department.
Is there a report of shots?
224
00:15:05,172 --> 00:15:07,441
Hey, we've had some
break-ins in my neighborhood.
225
00:15:07,542 --> 00:15:10,411
And there's a real suspicious
guy...
226
00:15:12,547 --> 00:15:15,149
This guy looks like he is up
to no good,
227
00:15:15,249 --> 00:15:17,117
or he's on drugs or something.
228
00:15:17,217 --> 00:15:18,720
Okay, he's just
walking around the area...
229
00:15:18,853 --> 00:15:20,154
Looking at all the houses.
230
00:15:20,254 --> 00:15:22,956
It's raining
and he's just walking around,
231
00:15:23,056 --> 00:15:23,825
looking about.
232
00:15:23,991 --> 00:15:25,058
Okay.
233
00:15:27,261 --> 00:15:29,163
And he's a Black male.
234
00:15:34,201 --> 00:15:36,170
Now he's just staring at me.
235
00:15:38,305 --> 00:15:40,240
Did you see
what he was wearing?
236
00:15:40,340 --> 00:15:43,243
Yeah, a dark hoodie, like,
a gray hoodie,
237
00:15:43,343 --> 00:15:47,247
and either jeans or sweatpants,
and white tennis shoes.
238
00:15:54,121 --> 00:15:55,757
Shit, he's running.
239
00:15:55,857 --> 00:15:57,991
He's running? Which
way is he running?
240
00:15:58,392 --> 00:16:02,963
Down towards the other
entrance to the neighborhood.
241
00:16:03,063 --> 00:16:05,332
These assholes,
they always get away.
242
00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:08,770
Are you following
him?
243
00:16:08,937 --> 00:16:10,672
-Yeah.
-Okay, we don't need you
244
00:16:10,839 --> 00:16:11,840
to do that.
245
00:16:11,972 --> 00:16:13,207
Okay?
246
00:16:18,011 --> 00:16:20,347
All right, sir,
what is your name?
247
00:16:20,447 --> 00:16:21,683
George.
248
00:16:21,816 --> 00:16:22,983
He ran.
249
00:16:24,552 --> 00:16:26,453
All right, George,
what's your last name?
250
00:16:27,120 --> 00:16:28,523
Zimmerman.
251
00:16:29,824 --> 00:16:32,159
911. Do you
need police, fire or medical?
252
00:16:32,292 --> 00:16:34,461
Maybe both, I'm
not sure. There's just someone
253
00:16:34,596 --> 00:16:35,996
screaming outside.
254
00:16:37,799 --> 00:16:39,166
Okay, what's the
address that they're near?
255
00:16:39,333 --> 00:16:41,235
1211 Twin Trees Lane.
256
00:16:41,335 --> 00:16:43,403
And is it a male or female?
257
00:16:43,505 --> 00:16:46,574
-It sounds like a male.
-And you don't know why?
258
00:16:46,674 --> 00:16:48,977
I don't know why.
I think they're yelling "help,"
259
00:16:49,109 --> 00:16:50,043
but I don't know.
260
00:16:53,748 --> 00:16:55,884
So you think
he's yelling "help"?
261
00:16:56,016 --> 00:16:57,384
Yes.
262
00:16:57,519 --> 00:16:59,186
I can't see him.
I don't want to go out there,
263
00:16:59,286 --> 00:17:00,755
I don't know what's going on,
so...
264
00:17:03,056 --> 00:17:05,058
Just... There's gunshots.
265
00:17:05,994 --> 00:17:08,530
-You just heard gunshots?
-Yes.
266
00:17:08,696 --> 00:17:10,765
-How many?
-Just one.
267
00:17:15,302 --> 00:17:18,038
Is he right outside
1211 Twin Trees Lane?
268
00:17:18,138 --> 00:17:20,608
Yeah, pretty much.
Out the back, yes.
269
00:18:04,052 --> 00:18:06,688
-Good to see you.
-Thank you. You too.
270
00:18:09,524 --> 00:18:10,558
-Hey.
-Hi!
271
00:18:10,658 --> 00:18:12,192
Looking gorgeous.
272
00:18:12,292 --> 00:18:13,460
-Oh, Brett. How are you?
-Hi. Yes.
273
00:18:13,561 --> 00:18:14,394
-How are you?
274
00:18:14,494 --> 00:18:15,997
-Great to see you.
-And you.
275
00:18:16,296 --> 00:18:17,932
He's wearing the tux
very well.
276
00:18:18,032 --> 00:18:19,333
Very well.
277
00:18:19,433 --> 00:18:21,035
- He can hear you.
- Well, he can.
278
00:18:21,134 --> 00:18:22,737
But he's grateful, thank you.
279
00:18:22,837 --> 00:18:24,271
-Hi.
-Hello.
280
00:18:24,471 --> 00:18:28,475
Amari Selvan asked me twice
if you were coming.
281
00:18:28,576 --> 00:18:30,745
He wants something
for the paper.
282
00:18:30,845 --> 00:18:32,479
He's made that very clear.
283
00:18:32,647 --> 00:18:35,182
You interested? We can
time it with the audio book.
284
00:18:42,590 --> 00:18:43,791
Did you listen?
285
00:18:46,694 --> 00:18:49,597
Yeah. Yeah.
286
00:18:49,697 --> 00:18:51,331
It's a lot.
287
00:18:51,431 --> 00:18:53,166
-Yeah.
-It's a lot.
288
00:18:53,266 --> 00:18:54,669
It's a lot there.
289
00:18:54,769 --> 00:18:57,038
But longer-form stuff,
questions that I don't have
290
00:18:57,137 --> 00:18:57,939
the answer to.
291
00:18:58,039 --> 00:18:59,206
So ask them in a piece.
292
00:18:59,306 --> 00:19:02,175
I don't write questions.
I write answers.
293
00:19:04,045 --> 00:19:06,014
Questions like what?
294
00:19:06,114 --> 00:19:09,449
Like why does a Latino man
deputize himself
295
00:19:09,550 --> 00:19:13,821
to stalk a Black boy to protect
an all-white community?
296
00:19:14,154 --> 00:19:15,857
-What is that?
-The racist bias I want you
297
00:19:16,024 --> 00:19:16,824
to explore,
298
00:19:16,924 --> 00:19:18,291
excavate for the readers.
299
00:19:18,593 --> 00:19:22,063
We call everything "racism."
What does it even mean anymore?
300
00:19:22,262 --> 00:19:25,099
It's the default.
When did that happen?
301
00:19:25,198 --> 00:19:26,934
-Hey, Brett.
-How are you doing?
302
00:19:27,035 --> 00:19:28,836
So, what?
So you're saying
303
00:19:28,936 --> 00:19:30,270
that he isn't a racist?
304
00:19:30,370 --> 00:19:31,506
No, I'm not saying
that he's not a racist.
305
00:19:31,639 --> 00:19:35,143
I'm questioning,
why is everything racist?
306
00:19:35,275 --> 00:19:38,211
-This feels like a setup.
-I've been there.
307
00:19:44,317 --> 00:19:45,520
Okay.
308
00:19:45,620 --> 00:19:48,056
- Home ownership.
- Okay.
309
00:19:48,156 --> 00:19:50,323
Covenants were written
into land deeds
310
00:19:50,424 --> 00:19:52,527
barring Black people
from having wills.
311
00:19:52,627 --> 00:19:54,529
No generational wealth allowed.
312
00:19:54,629 --> 00:19:57,065
We could not pass
on what we earned
313
00:19:57,165 --> 00:19:59,600
to our kids
for almost 500 years.
314
00:19:59,701 --> 00:20:01,769
Every time,
we'd have to start from zero.
315
00:20:02,003 --> 00:20:05,973
So, if we are not allowed
to pass on the fruits
316
00:20:06,074 --> 00:20:07,909
of our labor to our family,
317
00:20:08,009 --> 00:20:11,344
is that the same racism
that took Trayvon's life?
318
00:20:12,379 --> 00:20:14,816
Systemic racism. Yes, same.
319
00:20:15,683 --> 00:20:16,784
Are you sure?
320
00:20:17,685 --> 00:20:19,787
Are you sure?
321
00:20:19,887 --> 00:20:21,321
What does it mean?
322
00:20:21,556 --> 00:20:23,091
Murders of Black people
by the police,
323
00:20:23,191 --> 00:20:25,093
we call that racism.
324
00:20:25,292 --> 00:20:27,227
-Everything's the same.
-I get it.
325
00:20:27,327 --> 00:20:28,730
Being followed
in a department store
326
00:20:28,830 --> 00:20:30,230
and being lynched
327
00:20:30,330 --> 00:20:31,766
shouldn't be called
the same thing, I get that.
328
00:20:31,933 --> 00:20:37,805
Racism as the primary language
to understand everything
329
00:20:38,973 --> 00:20:40,240
is insufficient.
330
00:20:40,340 --> 00:20:41,876
- See, this is good.
- That's all.
331
00:20:41,976 --> 00:20:43,544
This is good.
332
00:20:43,644 --> 00:20:46,480
Look, I need a piece delving
into what the Martin case means.
333
00:20:46,581 --> 00:20:48,415
Set the context
with these questions,
334
00:20:48,516 --> 00:20:49,917
it's what you do best.
335
00:20:50,084 --> 00:20:52,987
Make the hard stuff digestible.
And this is a hard one.
336
00:20:53,121 --> 00:20:55,422
"What does it all mean?"
337
00:20:55,656 --> 00:20:58,226
These questions are the piece.
338
00:20:58,458 --> 00:21:00,628
I'll make it splashy,
prime placement, Sunday.
339
00:21:00,728 --> 00:21:01,929
-Maybe even the cover.
-You're terrible.
340
00:21:02,029 --> 00:21:03,131
You're terrible, Amari.
341
00:21:03,231 --> 00:21:05,566
I'm just saying.
Your face on the cover?
342
00:21:10,204 --> 00:21:12,774
There's a lot there.
There's a lot there.
343
00:21:12,874 --> 00:21:14,642
But I am on hiatus.
344
00:21:14,742 --> 00:21:16,611
-Isabel, come on. Come on.
-I am. I am.
345
00:21:16,711 --> 00:21:19,580
I... I have family
responsibilities.
346
00:21:22,984 --> 00:21:24,417
Well...
347
00:21:24,652 --> 00:21:27,955
Well, good for you
for taking time.
348
00:21:28,055 --> 00:21:29,489
-We'll talk again.
-All right.
349
00:21:29,590 --> 00:21:31,458
Hey, you two take care,
all right?
350
00:21:31,592 --> 00:21:33,027
Good to see you. All right.
351
00:21:35,428 --> 00:21:38,866
Okay.
352
00:21:40,735 --> 00:21:41,569
President Reagan
taking an office...
353
00:21:41,669 --> 00:21:43,271
- I don't...
- She's wrong.
354
00:21:43,370 --> 00:21:45,139
She just said it is the only
movie she knows.
355
00:21:46,439 --> 00:21:48,341
She deserves to lose that money.
356
00:21:50,077 --> 00:21:51,646
...speak to an issue
that obviously has gotten a lot
357
00:21:51,746 --> 00:21:53,080
of attention
358
00:21:53,214 --> 00:21:54,314
over the course
of the last week,
359
00:21:54,549 --> 00:21:57,384
the issue
of the Trayvon Martin ruling.
360
00:21:57,518 --> 00:21:58,986
I gave a preliminary
statement...
361
00:21:59,086 --> 00:22:00,453
That poor child's mother.
362
00:22:00,555 --> 00:22:01,756
...right after the ruling
on Sunday.
363
00:22:01,856 --> 00:22:04,659
I wish he'd answered the man
right.
364
00:22:06,160 --> 00:22:07,494
What was that, Mama?
365
00:22:07,595 --> 00:22:10,565
I wish he had answered the man
366
00:22:10,665 --> 00:22:13,201
when he asked him
why he was there
367
00:22:13,301 --> 00:22:14,367
in the neighborhood.
368
00:22:14,467 --> 00:22:17,205
Maybe he'd still be with us.
369
00:22:17,437 --> 00:22:19,707
Are you saying
it's the boy's fault?
370
00:22:19,807 --> 00:22:22,777
No, of course not,
don't be silly.
371
00:22:22,877 --> 00:22:27,882
I'm saying you got to act
in a way to keep you safe.
372
00:22:29,116 --> 00:22:30,518
He was...
373
00:22:32,019 --> 00:22:33,521
He was too young to know it.
374
00:22:33,621 --> 00:22:36,591
He shouldn't have had to answer
to anyone.
375
00:22:36,891 --> 00:22:39,560
"Should have" and real life
are two different things,
376
00:22:39,660 --> 00:22:42,530
darling, you know that.
377
00:22:42,864 --> 00:22:46,300
You can't be walking around
at night on a white street
378
00:22:46,399 --> 00:22:48,468
and not expect trouble.
379
00:22:48,669 --> 00:22:52,240
That's intimidating
to most whites.
380
00:22:52,340 --> 00:22:53,507
True or not?
381
00:23:01,349 --> 00:23:02,783
Yeah.
382
00:23:03,017 --> 00:23:05,887
Yeah. Unfortunately,
I think it is true.
383
00:23:07,521 --> 00:23:09,357
But I also think
that you can't live your life
384
00:23:09,456 --> 00:23:12,026
based on what's intimidating
to people.
385
00:23:17,298 --> 00:23:19,066
Sure you can, sweetie.
386
00:23:28,976 --> 00:23:31,212
So you're going on
hiatus, huh,
387
00:23:31,312 --> 00:23:33,547
-is what you're doing?
-Huh?
388
00:23:33,714 --> 00:23:35,082
You told Amari you were going
on hiatus,
389
00:23:35,182 --> 00:23:37,985
you told me that you were
gonna be traveling less
390
00:23:38,085 --> 00:23:39,553
for work.
391
00:23:39,654 --> 00:23:41,088
So I'm just trying to figure out
what exactly it is
392
00:23:41,188 --> 00:23:42,023
that you're gonna do.
393
00:23:42,123 --> 00:23:43,456
'Cause...
394
00:23:43,624 --> 00:23:45,760
I said I wanted to focus on her.
395
00:23:46,928 --> 00:23:48,596
Okay.
396
00:23:48,930 --> 00:23:53,267
People are asking you to write
because of your voice,
397
00:23:53,367 --> 00:23:55,670
because they...
the way you think.
398
00:23:55,770 --> 00:23:57,738
I just... I don't know
what you're doing.
399
00:23:57,838 --> 00:23:58,906
She...
400
00:23:59,006 --> 00:24:00,741
She doesn't belong
in that place.
401
00:24:00,841 --> 00:24:01,943
Oh, right.
402
00:24:02,076 --> 00:24:03,711
She should be at home.
403
00:24:03,911 --> 00:24:06,981
She moved
because she was lonely.
404
00:24:07,081 --> 00:24:09,684
I should've spent more time
with her.
405
00:24:09,884 --> 00:24:11,786
Daddy would want me to fix this.
406
00:24:11,886 --> 00:24:13,587
Hmm.
407
00:24:13,821 --> 00:24:15,723
I think your father
was pretty clear
408
00:24:15,823 --> 00:24:17,591
that what he wanted
was for you to be happy,
409
00:24:17,692 --> 00:24:19,827
people to be happy.
410
00:24:20,161 --> 00:24:23,463
Sacrificing your work, well,
that's gonna accomplish exactly
411
00:24:23,564 --> 00:24:25,266
the opposite, so...
412
00:24:25,599 --> 00:24:27,635
Your mother was very clear
about what she wanted.
413
00:24:27,735 --> 00:24:29,603
It's not that, so...
414
00:25:22,923 --> 00:25:25,960
- I don't see it, Betty.
- Maybe it's checked out.
415
00:25:27,695 --> 00:25:29,063
In 1933,
416
00:25:29,163 --> 00:25:32,466
two African-American
anthropologists
417
00:25:32,566 --> 00:25:35,102
were studying in Berlin.
418
00:25:35,436 --> 00:25:36,537
There are no books here
at all by him.
419
00:25:36,637 --> 00:25:40,074
At the premier library
in the city.
420
00:25:40,241 --> 00:25:41,575
The country.
421
00:25:43,577 --> 00:25:46,247
Beautiful library, though.
422
00:25:46,547 --> 00:25:48,883
I could get lost
in all these books forever.
423
00:25:49,984 --> 00:25:51,685
All these ideas.
424
00:26:51,546 --> 00:26:56,117
They witnessed events
that would change the world.
425
00:27:07,294 --> 00:27:08,295
Baby.
426
00:27:14,201 --> 00:27:15,669
Brett.
427
00:27:58,513 --> 00:28:03,450
By trade, Brett
Hamilton was a mathematician,
428
00:28:03,552 --> 00:28:06,621
a financial analyst.
429
00:28:06,720 --> 00:28:11,325
By heart,
he was a passionate champion
430
00:28:11,425 --> 00:28:13,027
for those he loved deeply.
431
00:28:14,461 --> 00:28:16,531
He played classical guitar,
432
00:28:16,797 --> 00:28:19,066
was an enthusiastic cook,
433
00:28:19,233 --> 00:28:20,768
and volunteered his time
and efforts
434
00:28:20,868 --> 00:28:23,538
to those less fortunate.
435
00:28:23,638 --> 00:28:26,740
In college,
he joined Phi Kappa Tau,
436
00:28:26,840 --> 00:28:28,209
Delta Chapter,
437
00:28:28,375 --> 00:28:30,311
and, with his friends,
enjoyed caving trips,
438
00:28:31,613 --> 00:28:33,380
watching thunderstorms,
439
00:28:34,683 --> 00:28:36,784
and debating the big stuff.
440
00:28:37,851 --> 00:28:40,321
Recently, he traveled
extensively in Europe,
441
00:28:40,487 --> 00:28:45,226
accompanying his beloved
in her professional activities
442
00:28:45,492 --> 00:28:46,727
in the cause of social justice.
443
00:28:46,827 --> 00:28:50,097
I'm Mrs. Copeland
from across the street.
444
00:28:50,197 --> 00:28:51,666
How is Isabel?
445
00:28:51,899 --> 00:28:54,835
She's resting right now.
446
00:28:57,438 --> 00:28:58,973
I can't believe it.
447
00:29:00,841 --> 00:29:04,878
Thank you so much
for coming by.
448
00:29:05,012 --> 00:29:06,814
Give her my
love, please.
449
00:30:01,636 --> 00:30:03,904
Isabel Wilkerson's office.
450
00:30:04,038 --> 00:30:05,939
Hello, hi.
451
00:30:06,173 --> 00:30:09,910
This is Kate.
I'm Isabel's editor.
452
00:30:10,177 --> 00:30:12,647
Yeah, I know who you are.
Hi, Kate.
453
00:30:12,747 --> 00:30:14,716
This is her cousin Marion.
454
00:30:14,815 --> 00:30:16,551
Marion. Marion, hi.
455
00:30:18,152 --> 00:30:21,221
My condolences
for your family's losses.
456
00:30:22,657 --> 00:30:25,926
I don't have the words.
457
00:30:26,060 --> 00:30:28,095
It's unfathomable,
it's unthinkable.
458
00:30:30,931 --> 00:30:34,068
I just, I can't...
459
00:30:34,234 --> 00:30:38,339
Two of the closest people
to you in a year,
460
00:30:38,439 --> 00:30:39,340
who can withstand it?
461
00:30:39,440 --> 00:30:40,508
How is she?
462
00:31:10,904 --> 00:31:15,075
Hold me.
Don't leave me.
463
00:31:16,477 --> 00:31:18,979
I am right here.
464
00:31:19,848 --> 00:31:21,616
I am right here.
465
00:31:22,983 --> 00:31:27,722
Stay. Stay.
466
00:31:27,921 --> 00:31:29,990
I am right here.
467
00:31:30,124 --> 00:31:32,960
Stay. Stay. Stay.
468
00:33:25,607 --> 00:33:26,975
Hey.
469
00:33:27,107 --> 00:33:30,210
-You made it in okay?
-Yeah, I'm here.
470
00:33:31,579 --> 00:33:32,814
How are you?
471
00:33:32,914 --> 00:33:34,883
Tell me how you're feeling.
472
00:33:35,048 --> 00:33:37,084
How does it feel
to be back there
473
00:33:37,184 --> 00:33:38,352
with all of her things?
474
00:33:38,452 --> 00:33:40,555
I'm here, Marion.
That's all I am.
475
00:33:44,491 --> 00:33:46,561
-You know what? I gotta go.
-Right.
476
00:33:49,062 --> 00:33:50,698
I've gotta get this house
packed.
477
00:33:50,798 --> 00:33:54,569
I could come down this weekend
and help you.
478
00:33:54,669 --> 00:33:56,169
We could take it slow.
479
00:33:56,303 --> 00:33:58,640
I've gotta get these things
packed up so I can start
480
00:33:58,740 --> 00:33:59,941
back work.
481
00:34:00,107 --> 00:34:01,441
Wait, you're starting back
to work?
482
00:34:02,476 --> 00:34:04,111
Of course.
483
00:34:04,378 --> 00:34:06,648
What am I supposed to do?
How am I supposed to live?
484
00:34:07,015 --> 00:34:08,650
Okay.
485
00:34:08,750 --> 00:34:11,318
What is the work you have to do
and when do you need to start?
486
00:34:11,418 --> 00:34:14,087
Marion, I have to go.
I'm already behind.
487
00:34:14,989 --> 00:34:16,791
I'll talk to you later, okay?
Bye.
488
00:34:17,759 --> 00:34:19,293
Okay.
489
00:34:19,527 --> 00:34:22,396
The HVAC guy
got the sump pump working
490
00:34:22,530 --> 00:34:24,866
and got most of the water out.
491
00:34:24,966 --> 00:34:27,234
This has never happened before.
492
00:34:27,467 --> 00:34:30,038
I'm never down here.
My husband was always the one
493
00:34:30,137 --> 00:34:31,338
down here,
494
00:34:31,506 --> 00:34:33,007
changing the filter
in the furnace
495
00:34:33,106 --> 00:34:35,375
or checking the fuse box.
496
00:34:35,475 --> 00:34:39,446
But he died last year, so...
497
00:34:39,547 --> 00:34:40,648
Uh-huh.
498
00:34:49,557 --> 00:34:52,560
There's where
the water's coming in.
499
00:34:52,727 --> 00:34:54,361
Where?
500
00:34:54,494 --> 00:34:55,730
The sink.
501
00:35:00,434 --> 00:35:03,337
The sink doesn't overflow.
502
00:35:05,205 --> 00:35:08,943
I mean, is it a pipe
that's clogged, or...
503
00:35:09,043 --> 00:35:11,646
Probably the pump
needs clearing out.
504
00:35:11,746 --> 00:35:12,880
I'll write an estimate.
505
00:35:40,273 --> 00:35:42,409
My mother died a few months ago.
506
00:35:47,247 --> 00:35:48,850
What about you?
507
00:35:51,119 --> 00:35:53,153
Is your mother still alive?
508
00:35:57,692 --> 00:35:59,827
No. No, she's not.
509
00:35:59,927 --> 00:36:02,563
Died in 1991, 52 years old.
510
00:36:04,899 --> 00:36:06,266
Goodness.
511
00:36:09,904 --> 00:36:13,473
That's not old... at all.
512
00:36:14,742 --> 00:36:16,176
It sure ain't.
513
00:36:17,779 --> 00:36:18,946
Your father?
514
00:36:24,886 --> 00:36:26,219
He's 78.
515
00:36:29,057 --> 00:36:30,558
You're lucky to have him.
516
00:36:32,492 --> 00:36:34,294
He's mean as they come.
517
00:36:41,135 --> 00:36:43,538
Well...
518
00:36:43,638 --> 00:36:45,238
I guess, in the end,
we miss them
519
00:36:45,338 --> 00:36:46,808
no matter what they were like.
520
00:36:46,908 --> 00:36:48,743
No, not him.
521
00:36:59,352 --> 00:37:00,722
You know what?
522
00:37:06,326 --> 00:37:08,629
-You see something?
-Well, maybe.
523
00:37:55,342 --> 00:37:57,245
- I have an idea.
- You do?
524
00:37:57,344 --> 00:37:59,981
Thought that might be why you
came.
525
00:38:01,749 --> 00:38:03,117
Tell us. Is it...
526
00:38:03,217 --> 00:38:05,553
Well, I...
527
00:38:05,853 --> 00:38:08,990
didn't explore
the Trayvon Martin case.
528
00:38:09,090 --> 00:38:12,760
I know it's been a while,
but I think there's a lot
529
00:38:12,860 --> 00:38:14,028
to unpack.
530
00:38:14,128 --> 00:38:16,898
I've been thinking
about my mother
531
00:38:16,998 --> 00:38:18,431
and how she insisted
532
00:38:18,533 --> 00:38:21,035
we be polite and buttoned-up
around white people.
533
00:38:26,207 --> 00:38:29,442
And there's all this
Nazi symbolism
534
00:38:30,912 --> 00:38:32,113
all over the place.
535
00:38:32,213 --> 00:38:33,781
You heard about
what happened in...
536
00:38:33,948 --> 00:38:35,116
in Charlottesville.
537
00:38:35,216 --> 00:38:36,784
-Yes. Neo-Nazis.
-Yeah.
538
00:38:36,884 --> 00:38:41,354
Drove his car through a crowd
at a protest for Black Lives.
539
00:38:42,455 --> 00:38:43,925
Killed a white woman.
540
00:38:44,892 --> 00:38:46,294
Heather Heyer.
541
00:38:46,459 --> 00:38:50,330
All these idiots walking
around with tiki torches,
542
00:38:50,631 --> 00:38:55,570
invoking imagery from the KKK
and Nazi Germany to stoke fear.
543
00:38:56,704 --> 00:38:58,573
There's this terrific
Indian scholar.
544
00:38:58,673 --> 00:39:02,677
I've been wanting
to read his work, but I haven't.
545
00:39:04,712 --> 00:39:06,714
He's a Dalit professor,
and he won a...
546
00:39:06,814 --> 00:39:10,084
-Sorry, a "Dalit" professor?
-He's a Dalit
547
00:39:10,184 --> 00:39:11,351
and a professor.
548
00:39:11,451 --> 00:39:13,287
The Dalits are untouchables
in India,
549
00:39:13,386 --> 00:39:14,856
beneath the lowest caste.
550
00:39:14,956 --> 00:39:16,489
-Have you ever heard of them?
-No.
551
00:39:16,591 --> 00:39:18,358
-Have you ever heard of them?
-No.
552
00:39:18,458 --> 00:39:20,328
No. Me either. Why?
553
00:39:20,493 --> 00:39:22,462
There's connective tissue here.
554
00:39:22,563 --> 00:39:24,031
There's connective tissue there.
555
00:39:24,131 --> 00:39:25,566
There is connective tissue here.
556
00:39:25,666 --> 00:39:28,603
I... I could... I could...
I could...
557
00:39:28,903 --> 00:39:33,007
I could build a thesis
that shows how all of this,
558
00:39:33,107 --> 00:39:34,609
all of it,
559
00:39:34,775 --> 00:39:35,843
is linked.
560
00:39:38,179 --> 00:39:39,379
Well...
561
00:39:42,917 --> 00:39:44,552
Well,
that's the writer's journey,
562
00:39:44,685 --> 00:39:45,519
right?
563
00:39:46,654 --> 00:39:48,789
Sorting all of that out.
564
00:39:49,090 --> 00:39:51,726
There's a lot going on
in that big brain of yours.
565
00:39:51,826 --> 00:39:53,728
I love that.
566
00:39:53,828 --> 00:39:54,962
I love it.
567
00:39:55,062 --> 00:39:57,565
But I gotta be honest with you,
I don't understand
568
00:39:57,665 --> 00:40:01,769
how the woman that they killed,
by the neo-Nazis...
569
00:40:01,869 --> 00:40:02,937
Heather Heyer.
570
00:40:03,037 --> 00:40:06,240
...how that connects
to the Dalit professor,
571
00:40:06,473 --> 00:40:07,909
connects to Trayvon Martin,
572
00:40:08,009 --> 00:40:09,844
connects to your mom.
573
00:40:09,977 --> 00:40:11,045
I don't see it.
574
00:40:11,145 --> 00:40:12,513
Yet. I don't see that yet.
575
00:40:12,613 --> 00:40:15,216
But if you can make people
see it,
576
00:40:15,316 --> 00:40:17,585
then that is an incredible book.
577
00:40:42,643 --> 00:40:45,646
I love you. Please be safe,
okay?
578
00:40:45,746 --> 00:40:46,747
Okay.
579
00:42:03,891 --> 00:42:05,559
-Hello, excuse me.
-Hi.
580
00:42:05,659 --> 00:42:07,395
This is the book you ordered.
581
00:42:07,495 --> 00:42:09,997
-Oh, yes, yes. Please sit down.
-And the list we talked about.
582
00:42:12,833 --> 00:42:15,369
This is a list from 1935,
October,
583
00:42:15,469 --> 00:42:18,739
a little bit later
than the first list.
584
00:42:18,839 --> 00:42:19,774
Yes.
585
00:42:19,874 --> 00:42:21,375
And here, Remarque,
Erich Maria.
586
00:42:21,475 --> 00:42:25,514
That means everything he wrote
is "to destroyed." Blown.
587
00:42:25,613 --> 00:42:27,648
-"To be destroyed."
-Yes.
588
00:42:49,036 --> 00:42:50,071
Excuse me.
589
00:42:50,171 --> 00:42:52,907
I heard you inquire
about Remarque.
590
00:42:54,942 --> 00:42:57,244
But I couldn't hear
the librarian's answer.
591
00:42:58,179 --> 00:43:00,081
I'm Kästner.
592
00:43:00,181 --> 00:43:01,315
I'm from here.
593
00:43:02,716 --> 00:43:04,618
How long have you been
in Berlin?
594
00:43:05,820 --> 00:43:07,755
About five weeks.
595
00:43:10,024 --> 00:43:12,126
You've no idea what's happening.
596
00:43:12,226 --> 00:43:15,362
-Pardon me?
-I'm sorry, I didn't catch that.
597
00:43:15,564 --> 00:43:17,898
You have no idea what's
happening here.
598
00:43:19,633 --> 00:43:21,735
Everything is being torn apart.
599
00:44:33,040 --> 00:44:35,843
In Germany, there's
memorials to nearly everyone
600
00:44:35,943 --> 00:44:39,380
victimized by the Nazis.
601
00:44:39,480 --> 00:44:42,049
And there's no entry sign,
no gate.
602
00:44:42,249 --> 00:44:44,351
It's just open both day
and night.
603
00:44:44,451 --> 00:44:45,286
Yes, yes.
604
00:44:53,260 --> 00:44:55,429
Just standing to bear
witness.
605
00:45:04,838 --> 00:45:07,041
20,000 books
that were lost that night.
606
00:45:11,078 --> 00:45:14,616
Books filled with imagination
and ideas,
607
00:45:14,715 --> 00:45:16,050
and history.
608
00:45:26,760 --> 00:45:28,729
Leave here,
my friends.
609
00:45:30,297 --> 00:45:31,932
Leave Germany.
610
00:45:32,166 --> 00:45:34,368
Go to your home as soon
as you can,
611
00:45:34,501 --> 00:45:35,903
you'll be safer there.
612
00:45:50,719 --> 00:45:52,086
Sigmund Freud,
613
00:45:53,588 --> 00:45:55,089
Heinrich Mann,
614
00:45:56,357 --> 00:45:57,891
Ernst Gläser,
615
00:45:58,759 --> 00:46:00,894
Erich Maria Remarque,
616
00:46:02,196 --> 00:46:03,497
Karl Renner,
617
00:46:04,999 --> 00:46:06,534
Erich Kästner.
618
00:46:09,604 --> 00:46:12,707
"Where you burn books,
you end up burning men."
619
00:46:12,806 --> 00:46:15,009
It's a quote by Heinrich Heine.
620
00:46:15,276 --> 00:46:18,279
He was a poet.
German and Jewish.
621
00:46:30,057 --> 00:46:32,527
No. You are not changing
the subject anymore.
622
00:46:32,627 --> 00:46:33,662
Oh, yeah.
623
00:46:33,762 --> 00:46:34,895
Okay.
624
00:46:34,995 --> 00:46:36,363
-Guns, Christmas.
-Yes.
625
00:46:36,463 --> 00:46:37,699
And then?
626
00:46:37,865 --> 00:46:40,267
- Sweetheart?
- No, I still have
627
00:46:40,367 --> 00:46:41,802
a couple sips left.
628
00:46:42,604 --> 00:46:44,838
You're basically in danger
when you're visiting
629
00:46:44,938 --> 00:46:45,906
your family.
-Yeah.
630
00:46:46,006 --> 00:46:47,776
Always.
-It's the American way.
631
00:46:47,875 --> 00:46:51,680
I mean, we know. We know.
It's ridiculous.
632
00:46:52,246 --> 00:46:55,249
That is what I'm looking at
with the article.
633
00:46:55,482 --> 00:46:59,920
You have 900 shootings a week,
it seems, in America,
634
00:47:00,020 --> 00:47:01,989
and you keep giving people guns.
635
00:47:02,089 --> 00:47:03,924
I don't understand at all.
636
00:47:04,024 --> 00:47:05,459
We don't even understand it
ourselves.
637
00:47:05,560 --> 00:47:06,827
We don't understand.
638
00:47:06,927 --> 00:47:08,730
You know,
639
00:47:08,829 --> 00:47:12,701
I heard, here,
that displaying the swastika
640
00:47:12,801 --> 00:47:14,769
is a crime.
641
00:47:14,868 --> 00:47:16,470
-Mm-hmm.
-Three years in prison?
642
00:47:16,571 --> 00:47:17,706
Yes, yes, that's true.
643
00:47:17,806 --> 00:47:19,306
I mean, it's not tolerated.
644
00:47:19,406 --> 00:47:21,041
Well, in America...
645
00:47:22,510 --> 00:47:25,780
the Confederate flag,
which is like your swastika,
646
00:47:25,879 --> 00:47:28,616
the flag of murderers
and traitors,
647
00:47:28,882 --> 00:47:31,352
it is a part
of the official flag
648
00:47:31,452 --> 00:47:32,453
of one of our states,
649
00:47:32,554 --> 00:47:34,254
-No.
-Mississippi.
650
00:47:34,455 --> 00:47:38,459
Men who wanted to wage war
for the right to own
651
00:47:38,560 --> 00:47:40,127
other human beings.
652
00:47:40,227 --> 00:47:43,430
Statues of them
sprinkled all over the country
653
00:47:43,531 --> 00:47:44,799
right now.
654
00:47:44,898 --> 00:47:46,133
Madness.
655
00:47:47,301 --> 00:47:48,402
You know, it's not perfect,
656
00:47:48,502 --> 00:47:52,707
but Germany has no monuments
that celebrate Nazis.
657
00:47:52,807 --> 00:47:54,241
I mean, everything Hitler's
gone,
658
00:47:54,341 --> 00:47:56,477
paved right over it all,
and built new things.
659
00:47:56,578 --> 00:47:59,279
I mean, you can literally walk
right over Nazi places
660
00:47:59,380 --> 00:48:01,248
and never know
they were even there.
661
00:48:01,348 --> 00:48:02,983
- And the bunker.
- Yes, the bunker.
662
00:48:03,083 --> 00:48:04,652
-It's long gone.
-It like nothing.
663
00:48:04,753 --> 00:48:05,854
-Yeah.
-I mean, it was 30 feet
664
00:48:05,953 --> 00:48:06,920
underground,
665
00:48:07,020 --> 00:48:09,089
and was protected
with reinforced concrete.
666
00:48:09,189 --> 00:48:10,290
And now it has, like,
a Volkswagen
667
00:48:10,391 --> 00:48:11,793
or something parked on top of it
668
00:48:11,892 --> 00:48:13,862
at any given time of the day.
669
00:48:14,061 --> 00:48:15,697
It is very different
than the States.
670
00:48:15,797 --> 00:48:17,264
A very different approach.
671
00:48:17,364 --> 00:48:19,534
Well, there are so many
differences between here
672
00:48:19,634 --> 00:48:20,535
and there.
673
00:48:20,635 --> 00:48:23,370
We are talking
about the systematic murder
674
00:48:23,470 --> 00:48:24,839
of six million Jews,
675
00:48:24,938 --> 00:48:26,440
that's the official number.
676
00:48:26,541 --> 00:48:30,512
So it's just very different
than monuments to soldiers
677
00:48:30,612 --> 00:48:32,079
and whatnot.
678
00:48:32,179 --> 00:48:33,313
0And what? What are you saying
is different?
679
00:48:33,414 --> 00:48:36,250
All of it. We're talking
about deliberate extermination
680
00:48:36,350 --> 00:48:37,317
over many years.
681
00:48:37,418 --> 00:48:40,287
Yeah, but wasn't slavery
for, like, hundreds of years?
682
00:48:40,387 --> 00:48:41,556
Right, Isabel?
683
00:48:41,689 --> 00:48:44,826
Slavery lasted 246 years.
684
00:48:45,058 --> 00:48:48,730
That's 13 generations of people.
685
00:48:48,830 --> 00:48:51,031
Plus another 100 years
of Jim Crow,
686
00:48:51,131 --> 00:48:53,367
segregation, violence
and murder.
687
00:48:53,467 --> 00:48:56,937
It is, of course, horrific.
I am not downplaying any of it.
688
00:48:57,037 --> 00:49:00,742
There were so many millions
of African Americans
689
00:49:00,842 --> 00:49:03,277
who were murdered.
690
00:49:05,045 --> 00:49:06,947
From the Middle Passage
until the end
691
00:49:07,047 --> 00:49:08,348
of legal segregation,
692
00:49:08,449 --> 00:49:13,153
that it goes beyond the realm
of an official number.
693
00:49:16,791 --> 00:49:20,093
- There is no number.
- I didn't know that.
694
00:49:20,194 --> 00:49:22,362
- No. It's stunning.
- It is.
695
00:49:22,463 --> 00:49:26,701
And I understand you're trying
to make sense
696
00:49:26,801 --> 00:49:28,268
of American racism.
697
00:49:28,368 --> 00:49:29,403
It is noble.
698
00:49:29,571 --> 00:49:32,239
But your thesis linking caste
in Germany
699
00:49:32,339 --> 00:49:35,075
with the United States
is flawed.
700
00:49:41,982 --> 00:49:44,051
Maybe it's not exactly the same,
701
00:49:44,151 --> 00:49:46,320
but the thesis
of structural similarity
702
00:49:46,420 --> 00:49:49,289
certainly gives context
for a framework.
703
00:49:49,389 --> 00:49:52,159
Right, but a framework
is not a book, my friends.
704
00:49:52,259 --> 00:49:56,129
She is trying to connect
the United States to Germany,
705
00:49:56,230 --> 00:49:57,498
but it doesn't fit.
706
00:49:57,599 --> 00:50:00,902
It's as if you're trying
to "fit a square
707
00:50:01,001 --> 00:50:02,469
inside the circle," as they say.
708
00:50:05,072 --> 00:50:07,509
I would just like you to note
for yourself
709
00:50:07,809 --> 00:50:12,079
that American slavery
is rooted in subjugation,
710
00:50:12,246 --> 00:50:16,183
dominating Blacks
for the purposes of capitalism,
711
00:50:16,450 --> 00:50:19,754
using bodies and labor
for profit.
712
00:50:20,922 --> 00:50:24,726
But for the Jews
during the Holocaust,
713
00:50:24,826 --> 00:50:28,028
the end call
was not subjugation,
714
00:50:29,162 --> 00:50:31,799
it was extermination.
715
00:50:31,900 --> 00:50:33,801
"Kill them all.
716
00:50:34,134 --> 00:50:36,704
Wipe them off the face
of the Earth.
717
00:50:36,938 --> 00:50:38,806
There's no need for them here."
718
00:50:40,542 --> 00:50:41,743
It's different.
719
00:50:44,111 --> 00:50:47,749
I say, leave Jewish folks alone.
720
00:50:47,982 --> 00:50:50,183
They're fine.
They don't need you.
721
00:50:50,350 --> 00:50:52,152
Write about us, Isabel.
722
00:50:52,319 --> 00:50:53,721
I am writing about us.
723
00:50:54,121 --> 00:50:55,389
I just...
724
00:50:56,758 --> 00:50:58,893
I couldn't fully explain
725
00:50:59,159 --> 00:51:00,962
-what was in my head.
-You better than me.
726
00:51:01,061 --> 00:51:02,931
Because I would have had words.
727
00:51:03,031 --> 00:51:04,032
She was rude.
728
00:51:04,131 --> 00:51:05,867
I had words.
729
00:51:06,034 --> 00:51:07,702
I had a ton of words.
730
00:51:07,802 --> 00:51:09,571
Wow. And none of them were,
731
00:51:09,671 --> 00:51:13,608
"I'm the right one
on the wrong day, baby"?
732
00:51:13,708 --> 00:51:15,409
Yeah, well, I'm still
my mother's child,
733
00:51:15,510 --> 00:51:16,911
and that wouldn't have happened.
734
00:51:17,011 --> 00:51:18,378
I know.
735
00:51:18,478 --> 00:51:21,348
You never could bag back,
even when we were kids.
736
00:51:21,549 --> 00:51:23,450
Always thinking
about your comeback
737
00:51:23,551 --> 00:51:24,986
the next day.
738
00:51:25,185 --> 00:51:28,355
"I know what I should
have said was..."
739
00:51:30,223 --> 00:51:32,426
What if Brett had been there
last night?
740
00:51:35,697 --> 00:51:37,097
Poor lady.
741
00:51:37,264 --> 00:51:38,733
Probably would still be there,
742
00:51:39,801 --> 00:51:41,069
confronting.
743
00:51:44,505 --> 00:51:45,607
Afternoon.
744
00:51:45,707 --> 00:51:47,107
Hi, afternoon.
745
00:51:47,274 --> 00:51:49,209
Some unwanted visitors, huh?
746
00:51:49,476 --> 00:51:52,614
Looks like they even built
a guesthouse.
747
00:51:52,714 --> 00:51:54,616
I'm putting these out
in the backyard
748
00:51:54,716 --> 00:51:55,917
to empty out.
749
00:51:56,017 --> 00:51:58,452
Just have your gardener
pick 'em up in a day or two.
750
00:51:58,553 --> 00:51:59,319
Sir.
751
00:51:59,419 --> 00:52:01,321
Sir, I don't want that.
752
00:52:01,421 --> 00:52:04,659
I'd rather not have those nests
in my yard.
753
00:52:05,693 --> 00:52:07,260
I have dogs,
754
00:52:07,494 --> 00:52:10,130
and that spray can't be good
for them.
755
00:52:10,297 --> 00:52:11,766
It's fine, won't hurt 'em.
756
00:52:17,071 --> 00:52:18,438
Hey.
757
00:52:18,606 --> 00:52:20,041
Can I help?
758
00:52:20,273 --> 00:52:22,744
-Can I just...
-Yes, go ahead.
759
00:52:22,844 --> 00:52:24,112
Excuse me.
760
00:52:24,344 --> 00:52:25,479
She doesn't want it back there.
761
00:52:25,580 --> 00:52:27,515
Did you not hear what she said?
762
00:52:27,615 --> 00:52:29,617
Yeah, but I can't take it
with me today.
763
00:52:29,717 --> 00:52:31,151
My bins are full.
764
00:52:31,251 --> 00:52:32,654
Okay. Well,
I guess we're just gonna have
765
00:52:32,754 --> 00:52:34,321
to figure something out then,
right?
766
00:52:34,421 --> 00:52:35,657
I mean, you didn't...
767
00:52:35,757 --> 00:52:37,759
you didn't remove that
for free, did you?
768
00:52:39,560 --> 00:52:40,928
No. Right?
769
00:52:42,764 --> 00:52:44,132
No, I didn't.
770
00:52:44,231 --> 00:52:45,432
So, look, if this is your tree,
you go ahead
771
00:52:45,533 --> 00:52:47,234
and you leave that
wherever you'd like.
772
00:52:47,334 --> 00:52:49,037
But if you do want to get paid
for your work,
773
00:52:49,236 --> 00:52:51,405
you're gonna have
to finish the job.
774
00:52:57,477 --> 00:52:59,413
Appreciate the cooperation.
775
00:53:03,450 --> 00:53:05,285
Did I just mansplain?
776
00:53:07,789 --> 00:53:11,224
Well, you asked for permission,
so...
777
00:53:11,324 --> 00:53:12,492
And if you hadn't...
778
00:53:12,627 --> 00:53:15,997
I'd be in a white savior mode,
right?
779
00:53:16,229 --> 00:53:17,598
What do you know about that?
780
00:53:17,699 --> 00:53:20,500
Well, break bad habits,
never gonna get broke, right?
781
00:53:24,605 --> 00:53:27,675
Well, you asked for permission,
so we'll just call it
782
00:53:27,775 --> 00:53:28,576
being neighborly.
783
00:53:28,676 --> 00:53:30,812
Okay. Let's... Let's do that.
784
00:53:33,147 --> 00:53:36,050
I haven't seen your mom and dad
on their walks for a while.
785
00:53:36,150 --> 00:53:37,852
-How are they doing?
-You know,
786
00:53:37,952 --> 00:53:39,252
they're slowing down. Thank you.
787
00:53:39,486 --> 00:53:42,222
But they're having
the conversation about moving
788
00:53:42,322 --> 00:53:43,490
to Florida.
789
00:53:43,591 --> 00:53:45,960
But they're hanging in,
you know.
790
00:53:47,795 --> 00:53:48,863
My mom, too.
791
00:53:50,098 --> 00:53:51,331
I get it.
792
00:53:54,001 --> 00:53:57,772
My mom made me promise
I'd come by today. It's...
793
00:53:57,872 --> 00:53:59,406
It's my birthday, so...
794
00:54:01,109 --> 00:54:03,177
Wait...
795
00:54:03,276 --> 00:54:05,079
-Today is your birthday?
-Yeah.
796
00:54:05,179 --> 00:54:07,481
-Today is your birthday?
-It is.
797
00:54:08,216 --> 00:54:09,684
Yes, she...
798
00:54:09,851 --> 00:54:13,154
She made me a cake.
Like I was a little kid.
799
00:54:13,487 --> 00:54:16,289
'Cause she still thinks
you're her baby.
800
00:54:16,389 --> 00:54:17,625
I think it's sweet.
801
00:54:22,029 --> 00:54:23,463
Happy birthday...
802
00:54:25,099 --> 00:54:26,500
It's Brett.
803
00:54:28,301 --> 00:54:30,605
-I'm Isabel.
-Yeah, I know.
804
00:54:35,375 --> 00:54:37,444
And I think birthdays
are a big deal.
805
00:54:37,545 --> 00:54:40,014
-Do you? Wow.
-Yes, I do.
806
00:54:40,248 --> 00:54:42,315
-Not me, honestly, but...
-They should be.
807
00:54:42,415 --> 00:54:43,618
-Really?
-Yes.
808
00:54:43,718 --> 00:54:44,685
Okay.
809
00:54:48,856 --> 00:54:50,525
Will you come over?
810
00:54:50,825 --> 00:54:52,260
Come have a slice of cake
with us,
811
00:54:52,359 --> 00:54:53,828
you know,
that would make my mom so happy.
812
00:54:53,928 --> 00:54:57,632
And... And, you know,
it would make the birthday
813
00:54:57,732 --> 00:54:58,933
a big deal,
814
00:54:59,033 --> 00:55:01,636
because I don't have any idea
how to do that.
815
00:55:08,943 --> 00:55:11,344
Well, I haven't seen your mom
and dad for a while.
816
00:55:11,444 --> 00:55:12,647
There you go.
817
00:55:15,448 --> 00:55:16,684
I'll come in and say hi.
818
00:55:16,784 --> 00:55:18,119
-Yeah?
-Yeah.
819
00:55:18,286 --> 00:55:19,486
Wow.
820
00:55:20,320 --> 00:55:23,057
- Okay.
- Oh, God.
821
00:55:23,191 --> 00:55:24,625
-What?
-Nothing, what?
822
00:55:24,725 --> 00:55:26,561
Come on, let's go eat some cake.
823
00:55:27,094 --> 00:55:28,896
She makes a mean cake, too.
824
00:55:29,096 --> 00:55:30,363
-Really?
-Oh, yeah, she's got
825
00:55:30,463 --> 00:55:31,299
the layers going.
826
00:55:31,398 --> 00:55:32,332
What kind are we talking about?
827
00:55:32,465 --> 00:55:33,968
We're talking about, I mean...
828
00:55:34,135 --> 00:55:36,237
Hopefully, there's not gonna be,
like, a fire engine on it
829
00:55:36,336 --> 00:55:37,470
like when I was seven,
830
00:55:37,605 --> 00:55:38,739
you never know with my mom.
831
00:57:23,911 --> 00:57:29,116
These are the minutes
from the meeting in 1934.
832
00:57:29,417 --> 00:57:32,485
Fifteen months
after the meeting,
833
00:57:32,586 --> 00:57:33,521
they become law.
834
00:57:33,621 --> 00:57:35,790
-Jim Crow laws.
-Yes.
835
00:57:35,890 --> 00:57:38,359
-American race laws.
-Yes.
836
00:57:38,526 --> 00:57:40,594
It's mind-blowing.
837
00:57:57,712 --> 00:57:59,380
"Our problem is
different.
838
00:57:59,479 --> 00:58:01,849
Their problem is...
839
00:58:03,417 --> 00:58:07,755
Negroes with nothing
to build upon.
840
00:58:07,855 --> 00:58:11,559
A problem that plays no part
for us here in Germany.
841
00:58:11,659 --> 00:58:15,563
Our problem is the Jews,
who must be kept
842
00:58:15,663 --> 00:58:16,964
enduringly apart."
843
00:58:17,064 --> 00:58:19,800
-What is this?
-That is a transcript
844
00:58:19,900 --> 00:58:21,936
of a meeting
that I saw a picture of,
845
00:58:22,036 --> 00:58:25,973
where Nazi lawyers
were studying American law
846
00:58:26,073 --> 00:58:27,375
and customs
847
00:58:27,475 --> 00:58:29,710
to figure out how
to pull off the Holocaust.
848
00:58:29,910 --> 00:58:33,247
Our problem is the
Jews who must be kept
849
00:58:33,347 --> 00:58:34,615
enduringly apart,
850
00:58:34,715 --> 00:58:36,150
since there's no doubt
that they represent
851
00:58:36,250 --> 00:58:37,818
a foreign body in the Volk.
852
00:58:38,019 --> 00:58:39,787
And segregation
will never achieve the goal
853
00:58:39,887 --> 00:58:42,390
as long as the Jews
have economic power
854
00:58:42,490 --> 00:58:45,126
in the German fatherland
as they do have now.
855
00:58:45,359 --> 00:58:48,796
As long as they have
the most beautiful automobiles,
856
00:58:49,530 --> 00:58:52,199
the most beautiful motorboats.
857
00:58:52,433 --> 00:58:54,502
As long as they play
a prominent role
858
00:58:54,602 --> 00:58:56,837
in the pleasure spots
and resorts
859
00:58:56,937 --> 00:58:59,607
and everywhere that costs money.
860
00:58:59,874 --> 00:59:02,176
This can only be achieved
through measures
861
00:59:02,343 --> 00:59:06,747
that forbids sexual mixing
of a Jew and a German,
862
00:59:06,847 --> 00:59:08,517
and imposes criminal punishment.
863
00:59:08,616 --> 00:59:11,118
We must answer
the question today
864
00:59:11,352 --> 00:59:14,955
as to whether laws
that the Reich will institute
865
00:59:15,222 --> 00:59:18,459
should declare
only the separation of races,
866
00:59:18,626 --> 00:59:22,630
or if it should declare
the superiority of one
867
00:59:22,730 --> 00:59:25,232
and the inferiority of others.
868
00:59:30,604 --> 00:59:32,807
In the fall
of 1933,
869
00:59:32,907 --> 00:59:34,942
Allison Davis and his wife,
870
00:59:35,042 --> 00:59:36,377
Elizabeth,
871
00:59:36,477 --> 00:59:38,245
cut short
their advanced studies
872
00:59:38,379 --> 00:59:40,114
at the University of Berlin,
873
00:59:40,214 --> 00:59:43,250
and fled Germany
when Hitler took power.
874
00:59:44,585 --> 00:59:46,287
Well, we finally got proof
875
00:59:46,454 --> 00:59:49,390
that one landowner named Bailey
has been whipping sharecroppers.
876
00:59:49,490 --> 00:59:51,192
Bailey's wife told me
877
00:59:51,292 --> 00:59:53,562
that's the way to manage them
when they get too "uppity"?
878
00:59:53,661 --> 00:59:55,729
We heard about a tenant farmer,
one county over,
879
00:59:55,830 --> 00:59:57,798
who was beaten so badly
by a store merchant,
880
00:59:57,898 --> 00:59:59,266
he can't bring in a crop.
881
00:59:59,366 --> 01:00:00,367
We're headin' over there
tomorrow.
882
01:00:00,468 --> 01:00:01,635
Do you know what sparked that?
883
01:00:01,735 --> 01:00:03,671
The Negro man asked
for a receipt.
884
01:00:03,838 --> 01:00:05,840
Beat him right there
in the store.
885
01:00:06,006 --> 01:00:10,044
It inspired him to study
the process of injustice.
886
01:00:10,144 --> 01:00:14,615
This gave Dr. Davis new insight
into the nature of hate.
887
01:00:14,715 --> 01:00:17,586
The other half of their team
was a white couple
888
01:00:17,718 --> 01:00:20,287
named Burleigh
and Mary Gardner,
889
01:00:20,387 --> 01:00:22,857
also Harvard anthropologists.
890
01:00:23,157 --> 01:00:25,826
The mission
was quietly revolutionary.
891
01:00:27,261 --> 01:00:30,565
Together, all four
would embed themselves
892
01:00:30,698 --> 01:00:34,536
in an isolated Southern town
from both sides
893
01:00:34,635 --> 01:00:35,669
of the caste divide.
894
01:00:37,104 --> 01:00:40,774
One breach of a social order
could cost them
895
01:00:40,875 --> 01:00:41,942
all their lives.
896
01:00:44,245 --> 01:00:46,581
And this was exactly
what they were doing
897
01:00:46,680 --> 01:00:47,715
in Natchez, Mississippi,
898
01:00:49,049 --> 01:00:52,653
breaching the social order
to study the social hierarchy
899
01:00:52,786 --> 01:00:53,721
of the South.
900
01:00:55,089 --> 01:00:57,691
A mission that
would render them
901
01:00:57,858 --> 01:00:58,993
undercover investigators
902
01:00:59,160 --> 01:01:01,428
in order to fit
into the community.
903
01:01:01,795 --> 01:01:03,697
This would be one
of the first studies
904
01:01:03,797 --> 01:01:05,065
of its kind.
905
01:01:05,332 --> 01:01:09,336
Neither couple fully knew
what they were
906
01:01:09,436 --> 01:01:10,304
getting themselves into.
907
01:01:11,772 --> 01:01:13,674
Out in public,
908
01:01:13,774 --> 01:01:17,011
they had to remain
in character at all times.
909
01:01:19,313 --> 01:01:22,449
With the Davises required
to show deference
910
01:01:22,551 --> 01:01:23,484
to the Gardners
911
01:01:23,585 --> 01:01:25,219
and never give the appearance
912
01:01:25,352 --> 01:01:28,856
that they were, in fact,
colleagues in the trenches,
913
01:01:29,156 --> 01:01:32,726
they had to keep
to their own caste performance.
914
01:01:32,826 --> 01:01:36,497
Everyone had to play the part
expected of them.
915
01:01:36,797 --> 01:01:38,933
They don't need to be out
on these streets.
916
01:01:39,033 --> 01:01:40,602
Seen 'em around
before?
917
01:01:40,701 --> 01:01:42,002
Oh, yeah.
918
01:01:42,203 --> 01:01:44,238
Monkey's getting too big
for his britches.
919
01:01:45,706 --> 01:01:47,576
Might've to train him.
920
01:01:47,676 --> 01:01:48,709
Come on.
921
01:01:52,213 --> 01:01:54,181
I don't see how we stay
much longer.
922
01:01:54,281 --> 01:01:56,250
Our neighbor practically
invited us
923
01:01:56,350 --> 01:01:57,718
to a lynching yesterday.
924
01:01:57,818 --> 01:01:59,621
Allison, there've been some...
925
01:01:59,887 --> 01:02:02,823
some unkind things said
about you.
926
01:02:03,123 --> 01:02:05,594
I can't be sure these folks
don't get in mind
927
01:02:05,694 --> 01:02:06,661
and do something.
928
01:02:06,760 --> 01:02:08,395
We're seeing similar suspicion,
929
01:02:08,495 --> 01:02:09,830
-we should consider.
-Not yet.
930
01:02:09,930 --> 01:02:11,633
-Allison.
-You're getting into the wide
931
01:02:11,732 --> 01:02:12,866
inner circle
932
01:02:12,967 --> 01:02:14,001
-of this town...
-It's not worth our safety.
933
01:02:14,101 --> 01:02:16,103
...and that is what we need
to observe.
934
01:02:16,571 --> 01:02:18,072
We're close.
935
01:02:18,339 --> 01:02:20,274
The two couples kept
on the move,
936
01:02:20,407 --> 01:02:23,110
constantly changing
clandestine locations
937
01:02:23,210 --> 01:02:25,012
for safety.
938
01:02:25,246 --> 01:02:27,281
They couldn't go
to each other's homes.
939
01:02:27,381 --> 01:02:30,585
Mixing of races
was not allowed publicly
940
01:02:30,685 --> 01:02:34,355
in any form
except subservience.
941
01:02:36,658 --> 01:02:41,996
"A most striking tenet
of their embrace of supremacy
942
01:02:42,863 --> 01:02:45,499
is deference."
943
01:02:45,933 --> 01:02:48,035
That should be the core
of the chapter, don't you think?
944
01:02:48,902 --> 01:02:50,204
Behavior, right?
945
01:02:51,405 --> 01:02:54,408
Deference goes beyond
mere observance
946
01:02:54,509 --> 01:02:55,744
of certain formalities.
947
01:02:56,010 --> 01:02:59,079
We call them "sir"
and they call us "boy"
948
01:02:59,179 --> 01:03:00,080
and "gal."
949
01:03:00,180 --> 01:03:01,382
Exactly.
950
01:03:01,516 --> 01:03:04,084
Never contradicting whites.
951
01:03:04,184 --> 01:03:05,754
Always agreeing with them.
952
01:03:05,853 --> 01:03:06,854
Evenin'.
953
01:03:08,822 --> 01:03:11,992
-Hey!
-Y'all eat?
954
01:03:12,192 --> 01:03:15,462
Been out here readin'
and writin' for hours.
955
01:03:17,898 --> 01:03:19,768
Greens with fatback
gonna get cold.
956
01:03:19,867 --> 01:03:22,169
Hey, now,
ain't gotta tell me twice.
957
01:03:22,269 --> 01:03:25,839
No. Yes, ma'am.
Can't wait to try them greens.
958
01:03:25,939 --> 01:03:27,074
We'll be there.
959
01:03:29,744 --> 01:03:30,878
All right.
960
01:03:53,133 --> 01:03:54,234
Hey!
961
01:03:54,368 --> 01:03:55,469
Hi!
962
01:04:35,376 --> 01:04:39,614
The American material
gives us a path to an answer.
963
01:04:40,582 --> 01:04:42,015
Yeah.
964
01:04:42,182 --> 01:04:44,084
America has succeeded here.
965
01:04:45,820 --> 01:04:49,256
Their legislation
does not base itself
966
01:04:49,356 --> 01:04:52,359
on the mere idea
of racial difference.
967
01:04:52,627 --> 01:04:54,529
But to the extent
this legislation is aimed
968
01:04:54,629 --> 01:04:56,196
at Negroes,
969
01:04:56,296 --> 01:05:01,468
it bases itself absolutely
on the idea of inferiority.
970
01:05:01,569 --> 01:05:02,903
Well,
971
01:05:03,003 --> 01:05:04,806
Germans are already convinced
that the Jews
972
01:05:04,905 --> 01:05:05,973
are an inferior race.
973
01:05:07,908 --> 01:05:10,411
German laws should reflect that.
974
01:05:10,512 --> 01:05:11,613
Precisely.
975
01:05:13,515 --> 01:05:16,183
I am of the opinion
that we can proceed
976
01:05:16,283 --> 01:05:20,855
with the same primitivity
as the American states.
977
01:05:21,021 --> 01:05:23,957
Such a procedure would be...
978
01:05:24,158 --> 01:05:29,129
crude legally,
but it would suffice.
979
01:05:31,699 --> 01:05:33,768
The Nazi
blueprint,
980
01:05:34,034 --> 01:05:37,337
for the extermination
of millions of people,
981
01:05:37,438 --> 01:05:41,275
was directly patterned
after America's enslavement
982
01:05:41,375 --> 01:05:44,746
and segregation of Black people.
983
01:05:44,945 --> 01:05:48,817
-America taught the Nazis?
-Caste in America.
984
01:05:48,917 --> 01:05:53,555
In Germany,
it functions the same.
985
01:05:53,755 --> 01:05:55,590
The outcomes might be different,
986
01:05:55,690 --> 01:05:57,357
like Sabine said.
987
01:05:57,559 --> 01:05:58,560
But it is the same.
988
01:06:00,127 --> 01:06:02,162
I think that the caste system
in India,
989
01:06:02,262 --> 01:06:05,132
I think that there
is a connection there too,
990
01:06:05,232 --> 01:06:07,702
but... the interconnectedness.
991
01:06:09,102 --> 01:06:10,772
That is my point.
992
01:06:10,872 --> 01:06:12,239
That is what I'm saying.
993
01:06:13,775 --> 01:06:14,975
Come here.
994
01:06:34,596 --> 01:06:37,632
We proudly bestow
this Ambedkar Award
995
01:06:37,732 --> 01:06:39,266
to Dr. Suraj Yengde,
996
01:06:39,366 --> 01:06:41,268
post-doctoral fellow
at the Harvard Kennedy School.
997
01:07:20,775 --> 01:07:23,176
Come on, win it!
Come on, win it!
998
01:07:34,454 --> 01:07:37,759
Nathaniel, I know
it's gonna be worth the wait.
999
01:07:37,926 --> 01:07:39,226
Give it to me.
1000
01:07:41,161 --> 01:07:43,698
Carol, can you come
and uncover this one?
1001
01:07:43,798 --> 01:07:44,699
I got it, baby.
1002
01:07:44,799 --> 01:07:46,266
This chicken looks good.
1003
01:07:50,070 --> 01:07:51,539
What?
1004
01:07:51,773 --> 01:07:57,712
Respectfully, we and everybody
are just wondering about an ETA.
1005
01:07:57,879 --> 01:08:00,447
The ETA
is when I say it's ready,
1006
01:08:00,548 --> 01:08:01,448
respectfully.
1007
01:08:01,916 --> 01:08:03,116
Yes, ma'am.
1008
01:08:04,719 --> 01:08:06,588
-Hi, Isabel.
-Hello.
1009
01:08:06,688 --> 01:08:08,723
-How you been?
-I've been all right.
1010
01:08:08,823 --> 01:08:10,758
Yeah, how are you holding up?
1011
01:08:10,925 --> 01:08:11,993
All is well.
1012
01:08:12,125 --> 01:08:13,561
How are you two?
1013
01:08:13,661 --> 01:08:14,562
We're good.
1014
01:08:14,662 --> 01:08:15,663
-Starvin'.
-Good.
1015
01:08:17,331 --> 01:08:20,467
I wanted to ask if you knew
one of my professors,
1016
01:08:20,568 --> 01:08:21,636
Dr. Montgomery?
1017
01:08:21,736 --> 01:08:25,073
I think he studies
the same things you do.
1018
01:08:25,238 --> 01:08:29,176
No. But I'm not keeping up
like I used to, so...
1019
01:08:29,276 --> 01:08:32,914
Of course.
Well, he is a smart man,
1020
01:08:33,014 --> 01:08:34,348
a nice older gentleman.
1021
01:08:34,448 --> 01:08:36,283
I thought you might like
to meet him.
1022
01:08:36,383 --> 01:08:39,587
He is handsome for his age,
Black.
1023
01:08:41,488 --> 01:08:44,424
Why don't the two of you
take this over to the Uno table?
1024
01:08:44,525 --> 01:08:46,060
And tell them we startin'.
1025
01:08:46,259 --> 01:08:47,494
-Okay.
-Okay.
1026
01:08:48,062 --> 01:08:49,496
Boy.
1027
01:08:51,331 --> 01:08:52,734
They mean well.
1028
01:08:52,900 --> 01:08:55,937
You know, Brett always
looked forward to these.
1029
01:08:56,269 --> 01:08:58,840
You and Mama were the only ones
that let him in.
1030
01:08:59,007 --> 01:09:00,240
Folks weren't mean.
1031
01:09:00,340 --> 01:09:03,410
I know, but there was always...
that.
1032
01:09:03,645 --> 01:09:05,913
"When is she gonna leave him
and find herself
1033
01:09:06,014 --> 01:09:07,447
a good brother?"
1034
01:09:07,548 --> 01:09:10,518
Now, these containers,
these containers we're in.
1035
01:09:10,618 --> 01:09:14,187
We... Maybe the...
Maybe the label says
1036
01:09:14,287 --> 01:09:15,690
"Black woman."
1037
01:09:15,790 --> 01:09:17,859
Maybe the label says
"white man, or Asian, or..."
1038
01:09:17,959 --> 01:09:20,394
Fix your face. You're too young
for all that.
1039
01:09:20,494 --> 01:09:22,930
You read the label
and we think we know
1040
01:09:23,031 --> 01:09:24,699
what's on the inside.
1041
01:09:24,799 --> 01:09:25,900
Y'all can eat now.
1042
01:09:27,434 --> 01:09:29,003
We trust the label.
1043
01:09:29,103 --> 01:09:31,204
We put the container
on the shelf.
1044
01:09:31,304 --> 01:09:32,607
And that's it.
1045
01:09:32,974 --> 01:09:34,709
That's it.
1046
01:09:34,942 --> 01:09:36,443
Who need a kiss for good luck?
1047
01:09:36,544 --> 01:09:38,846
- Me.
- 'Cause that hand is trash.
1048
01:09:41,115 --> 01:09:43,151
Come on, Mama,
give me some sugar.
1049
01:09:43,383 --> 01:09:44,652
There you go. Thank you, baby.
1050
01:09:44,752 --> 01:09:46,286
Okay, so now go ahead,
I'm listenin'.
1051
01:09:46,386 --> 01:09:48,422
I think that's what my book
is about.
1052
01:09:50,124 --> 01:09:51,391
Ohh. Okay.
1053
01:09:53,427 --> 01:09:56,064
I forgot, which one is yours,
which one is mine?
1054
01:09:56,164 --> 01:09:57,364
This one is mine.
1055
01:09:57,464 --> 01:09:59,266
Okay. Oh, here you go.
1056
01:09:59,466 --> 01:10:04,105
So, your book is about
interracial relationships.
1057
01:10:04,304 --> 01:10:09,409
No, no, it's about...
it's about caste.
1058
01:10:09,644 --> 01:10:15,348
That's the phenomenon of placing
one group above another group.
1059
01:10:16,349 --> 01:10:17,585
In a hierarchy.
1060
01:10:17,685 --> 01:10:20,888
And the consequences
to its victims
1061
01:10:20,988 --> 01:10:23,356
and presumed beneficiaries.
1062
01:10:27,128 --> 01:10:29,329
One more time in English?
1063
01:10:29,564 --> 01:10:33,701
A little Pulitzer Prize-less,
if you can.
1064
01:10:33,801 --> 01:10:35,036
I can!
1065
01:10:35,203 --> 01:10:37,404
Okay, well, then do it.
Make it plain.
1066
01:10:37,505 --> 01:10:40,273
Because the stuff you were
saying about the Nazis
1067
01:10:40,373 --> 01:10:41,642
got me all twisted around.
1068
01:10:41,743 --> 01:10:43,711
How is that in the same book
about Brett?
1069
01:10:43,811 --> 01:10:44,579
I don't get it.
1070
01:10:45,747 --> 01:10:49,016
Do you think slavery
was a system
1071
01:10:49,117 --> 01:10:51,418
of terrorism and torture
1072
01:10:51,519 --> 01:10:54,856
that the Europeans used
to profit off the labor
1073
01:10:54,956 --> 01:10:55,923
of Black people
1074
01:10:56,023 --> 01:10:57,692
who they considered inferior?
1075
01:10:58,559 --> 01:10:59,761
Yeah.
1076
01:10:59,861 --> 01:11:00,762
Hell yes, it was.
1077
01:11:00,862 --> 01:11:02,930
-No.
-Don't shake your head, it was!
1078
01:11:03,030 --> 01:11:04,464
No, they made it all up.
1079
01:11:04,565 --> 01:11:06,067
Your girl Toni Morrison
said:
1080
01:11:06,167 --> 01:11:10,104
"Why would you give your child
to be nursed and raised
1081
01:11:10,204 --> 01:11:12,073
by people
who you think aren't human?
1082
01:11:12,173 --> 01:11:13,473
Who are animals."
1083
01:11:13,574 --> 01:11:16,476
-Yes, Toni.
-Yes, Toni.
1084
01:11:16,644 --> 01:11:19,247
It was all lies.
They knew we weren't inferior,
1085
01:11:19,412 --> 01:11:22,683
but they magnified,
they magnified the myths.
1086
01:11:22,850 --> 01:11:25,418
They codify them, set them in
stone,
1087
01:11:26,120 --> 01:11:28,355
in systems,
1088
01:11:28,455 --> 01:11:31,491
in our laws, in our healthcare,
1089
01:11:31,592 --> 01:11:33,928
in where we live,
how we learned,
1090
01:11:34,028 --> 01:11:38,032
the kind of work that we do,
even our food.
1091
01:11:39,200 --> 01:11:42,203
Racism at its finest.
1092
01:11:42,302 --> 01:11:44,739
No, it's caste.
1093
01:11:44,839 --> 01:11:47,642
Everything you just said
was racist.
1094
01:11:47,742 --> 01:11:49,409
Okay. Well, if it's racist,
1095
01:11:49,510 --> 01:11:52,680
then why is the same thing
happening in India?
1096
01:11:52,780 --> 01:11:56,017
They're all brown.
They're all Indian.
1097
01:11:56,117 --> 01:11:59,954
Marion, right now to this day,
1098
01:12:00,221 --> 01:12:02,156
there is a system in India
1099
01:12:02,256 --> 01:12:07,327
where generations of people
are forced to clean sewers
1100
01:12:07,427 --> 01:12:09,530
with their hands,
1101
01:12:09,630 --> 01:12:12,867
their shit, with their hands.
1102
01:12:12,967 --> 01:12:15,502
They are beneath the lowest
of the hierarchy.
1103
01:12:15,603 --> 01:12:17,638
They're called Dalits.
1104
01:12:17,872 --> 01:12:22,375
At one point, they were forced
to tie brooms
1105
01:12:22,475 --> 01:12:23,911
around their waists
1106
01:12:24,011 --> 01:12:27,447
because their shadows
were supposedly polluted.
1107
01:12:27,615 --> 01:12:29,349
-Mmm.
-Their shadows.
1108
01:12:29,550 --> 01:12:33,120
They had to sweep
behind themselves
1109
01:12:33,221 --> 01:12:34,655
when they walked.
1110
01:12:34,956 --> 01:12:38,726
How is it racist
if they're all the same race?
1111
01:12:38,960 --> 01:12:43,331
Okay, do you think that Jews
are white?
1112
01:12:43,496 --> 01:12:44,866
Definitely.
1113
01:12:44,966 --> 01:12:46,334
The majority are.
1114
01:12:46,433 --> 01:12:49,402
But the same thing happened
to Jews in Germany
1115
01:12:49,502 --> 01:12:50,905
during the Holocaust.
1116
01:12:51,138 --> 01:12:54,342
The Nazis wanted to create
an all-white republic,
1117
01:12:54,441 --> 01:12:56,711
but they hated,
they hated the Jews.
1118
01:12:56,811 --> 01:12:58,980
So, they said,
"How do we make the Jews
1119
01:12:59,080 --> 01:13:00,413
not white?"
1120
01:13:00,514 --> 01:13:03,450
So, they put them
at the bottom of the hierarchy.
1121
01:13:03,551 --> 01:13:05,319
They said that they were greedy.
1122
01:13:05,418 --> 01:13:07,054
They said
that they were dishonest.
1123
01:13:07,154 --> 01:13:10,490
They blamed them for Germany
losing the First World War.
1124
01:13:10,591 --> 01:13:12,326
They blamed them
for everything bad
1125
01:13:12,459 --> 01:13:14,028
that happened in Germany.
1126
01:13:14,161 --> 01:13:15,229
They were dogs.
1127
01:13:15,329 --> 01:13:18,933
"Kill them. Gas them,
wipe them out."
1128
01:13:19,033 --> 01:13:22,737
The Jews and the Nazis
were the same color.
1129
01:13:24,305 --> 01:13:27,474
We have to consider oppression
in a way
1130
01:13:27,575 --> 01:13:30,011
that does not centralize race.
1131
01:13:30,111 --> 01:13:33,614
We do it here in America, yes,
because racism is all we know.
1132
01:13:33,714 --> 01:13:35,750
But these containers,
1133
01:13:36,017 --> 01:13:39,486
the Dalits in India,
Jewish people in Germany,
1134
01:13:39,587 --> 01:13:40,955
Black folks in America,
1135
01:13:41,055 --> 01:13:44,325
all these containers
have something in common.
1136
01:13:44,424 --> 01:13:46,727
Race is not one of them.
1137
01:13:47,528 --> 01:13:48,863
It's caste.
1138
01:13:56,570 --> 01:13:58,539
Only took you 10 minutes
1139
01:13:58,706 --> 01:14:00,274
for that comeback.
1140
01:14:01,943 --> 01:14:06,280
Figure out how to say more
of what you just said,
1141
01:14:06,446 --> 01:14:07,782
make it plain.
1142
01:14:07,982 --> 01:14:10,685
Talk to real people like you
just did to me.
1143
01:14:11,419 --> 01:14:13,453
Real people.
1144
01:14:13,554 --> 01:14:14,889
Real things.
1145
01:14:18,059 --> 01:14:19,727
You know,
we met in college.
1146
01:14:19,827 --> 01:14:21,494
So, one time, she comes up
and saying,
1147
01:14:21,595 --> 01:14:22,863
"Can I borrow a pen?"
1148
01:14:22,964 --> 01:14:24,999
You are...
That is not true!
1149
01:14:25,099 --> 01:14:26,734
And he didn't know the day
of the final.
1150
01:14:26,834 --> 01:14:29,136
So he's like, "I've seen you
in my class..."
1151
01:14:29,236 --> 01:14:30,604
And I'm just going...
1152
01:14:30,705 --> 01:14:32,206
"Do you know exactly
what the day of the..."
1153
01:14:32,306 --> 01:14:33,441
And... See.
1154
01:14:33,541 --> 01:14:34,775
I think you were trying
to get to me.
1155
01:14:34,875 --> 01:14:36,310
Let me let you in on a secret.
1156
01:14:36,410 --> 01:14:37,611
-Okay.
-I knew when the final was.
1157
01:14:40,648 --> 01:14:41,649
-That's my baby.
-Night.
1158
01:14:41,749 --> 01:14:43,451
Night, night. Sweet dreams.
1159
01:14:43,551 --> 01:14:44,986
Isabel.
1160
01:14:45,152 --> 01:14:46,887
Come by more often, will ya?
1161
01:14:47,088 --> 01:14:51,058
We seem to only get the lasagna
when you around here.
1162
01:14:51,158 --> 01:14:53,527
I'm hearing that she's stingy
with the lasagna.
1163
01:14:53,627 --> 01:14:55,196
I don't know what it is.
1164
01:14:55,296 --> 01:14:57,999
Stop, you are lying too close
to Sunday, come on.
1165
01:14:59,600 --> 01:15:01,035
Love you.
1166
01:15:01,168 --> 01:15:02,136
-Good seeing you. Good night.
-Good night.
1167
01:15:02,236 --> 01:15:03,637
Good to see you, too.
1168
01:15:03,771 --> 01:15:05,840
Make sure they bathe.
With water, real water.
1169
01:15:05,940 --> 01:15:07,008
Yes, ma'am.
1170
01:15:07,108 --> 01:15:10,344
-And a washcloth.
-I'll do my best, baby.
1171
01:15:10,511 --> 01:15:12,380
Shit, do I... What...
Do I just...
1172
01:15:12,480 --> 01:15:14,115
Do I talk slow? What do I...
1173
01:15:14,215 --> 01:15:19,754
Okay, so I was in 10th grade,
and we had just moved to Texas,
1174
01:15:19,954 --> 01:15:21,689
and my friend and I had this...
1175
01:15:21,789 --> 01:15:23,057
these walkie-talkies.
1176
01:15:23,157 --> 01:15:25,526
Which, you know, we'd be usin'
between classes,
1177
01:15:25,626 --> 01:15:26,927
to talk or whatever.
1178
01:15:27,028 --> 01:15:28,396
And this was pre-cell phone,
of course.
1179
01:15:28,496 --> 01:15:29,463
Right.
1180
01:15:29,563 --> 01:15:30,798
-Late '80s.
-Right.
1181
01:15:30,898 --> 01:15:35,036
And... the principal called me
to his office,
1182
01:15:35,136 --> 01:15:36,537
he was all suspicious.
1183
01:15:36,637 --> 01:15:37,805
Because he wanted
to know why all these people
1184
01:15:37,972 --> 01:15:39,306
were gathered around my locker.
1185
01:15:39,407 --> 01:15:42,977
So I showed him
the walkie-talkie.
1186
01:15:43,177 --> 01:15:45,046
And he asked my name.
1187
01:15:45,146 --> 01:15:48,682
And I said, "Miss Hale."
1188
01:15:49,717 --> 01:15:52,887
And he said,
"What is your first name?"
1189
01:15:53,654 --> 01:15:54,922
"It's Miss."
1190
01:15:56,123 --> 01:15:59,593
I said,
"What is your first name?"
1191
01:16:00,728 --> 01:16:03,597
"My name's Miss."
1192
01:16:03,697 --> 01:16:06,767
He's, "I don't have time
for all this foolishness, gal.
1193
01:16:06,867 --> 01:16:09,837
"What is your real name?"
1194
01:16:10,171 --> 01:16:13,542
I've... I've repeated
my damn name four times.
1195
01:16:13,641 --> 01:16:16,477
That's a direct defiance
of caste.
1196
01:16:16,644 --> 01:16:18,746
The most personal
I've heard yet.
1197
01:16:18,846 --> 01:16:20,214
Can you imagine that?
1198
01:16:20,314 --> 01:16:24,351
A young Black man plotting
to force the respect
1199
01:16:24,452 --> 01:16:26,020
of white people.
1200
01:16:26,120 --> 01:16:29,223
Your father tore a loophole
through the hierarchy.
1201
01:16:29,323 --> 01:16:30,458
It's brilliant.
1202
01:16:30,624 --> 01:16:32,660
Brilliant. Go on, go on.
1203
01:16:32,760 --> 01:16:35,863
So the principal was furious.
1204
01:16:35,963 --> 01:16:39,733
So he tells his secretary
to check my records,
1205
01:16:39,834 --> 01:16:44,205
and, of course,
they confirm that my legal name
1206
01:16:44,305 --> 01:16:45,973
is Miss Hale.
1207
01:16:46,073 --> 01:16:48,843
So he says to me,
1208
01:16:48,943 --> 01:16:52,646
"Hale. I don't know any Hales.
1209
01:16:52,813 --> 01:16:53,814
"You not from around here.
1210
01:16:53,914 --> 01:16:56,585
"Where's your father from?"
1211
01:16:56,884 --> 01:17:00,321
And I said, "He's from Alabama."
1212
01:17:00,421 --> 01:17:02,623
And he said,
"I knew you weren't
1213
01:17:02,723 --> 01:17:04,425
from around here.
1214
01:17:04,526 --> 01:17:06,260
You know how I knew?"
1215
01:17:06,360 --> 01:17:08,028
And I said, "No."
1216
01:17:09,263 --> 01:17:12,199
And he said, real cold...
1217
01:17:13,701 --> 01:17:16,637
"'Cause you looking me
in the eye.
1218
01:17:16,737 --> 01:17:19,673
Colored folk around here
know better."
1219
01:17:25,246 --> 01:17:26,881
I was...
1220
01:17:28,649 --> 01:17:30,050
I was scared.
1221
01:17:33,687 --> 01:17:37,057
-You know, I was a kid.
-Yeah.
1222
01:17:37,258 --> 01:17:38,425
I had never felt...
1223
01:17:41,530 --> 01:17:42,796
that...
1224
01:17:43,532 --> 01:17:46,500
that cold glare.
1225
01:17:46,800 --> 01:17:49,770
You know, he was lookin' me
right in the eyes,
1226
01:17:49,937 --> 01:17:54,441
demanding that I not look him
in the eyes.
1227
01:18:06,720 --> 01:18:07,922
You know, my...
1228
01:18:11,926 --> 01:18:13,460
You know, Daddy would...
1229
01:18:16,230 --> 01:18:17,264
It's okay.
1230
01:18:17,364 --> 01:18:18,699
It's okay.
1231
01:18:23,137 --> 01:18:24,471
Daddy tell me
1232
01:18:24,573 --> 01:18:26,240
again and again,
1233
01:18:26,974 --> 01:18:30,044
"Always live up to your name."
1234
01:18:34,549 --> 01:18:35,883
He said, "Miss...
1235
01:18:41,188 --> 01:18:44,358
They don't have the corner
on humanity.
1236
01:18:45,359 --> 01:18:48,530
They don't have the corner
on femininity.
1237
01:18:48,762 --> 01:18:53,734
They don't have the corner
on what it means
1238
01:18:53,834 --> 01:18:54,902
to be a whole, noble,
honorable person."
1239
01:19:03,744 --> 01:19:05,012
Far from it.
1240
01:19:15,189 --> 01:19:16,357
Thank you.
1241
01:19:30,271 --> 01:19:31,405
You okay?
1242
01:19:43,117 --> 01:19:44,885
Most relationships end.
1243
01:19:45,085 --> 01:19:47,354
Friendships, romances.
1244
01:19:47,622 --> 01:19:52,426
Divorces. I mean, separations,
people grow apart.
1245
01:19:52,527 --> 01:19:53,494
They break.
1246
01:20:00,635 --> 01:20:02,102
But we didn't break.
1247
01:20:32,966 --> 01:20:35,369
We fought that night.
1248
01:20:37,338 --> 01:20:41,241
It was about something
so silly, Miss.
1249
01:20:45,012 --> 01:20:47,782
I should have spent more time
with her.
1250
01:20:47,915 --> 01:20:49,983
Daddy would want me to fix this.
1251
01:20:50,084 --> 01:20:52,453
For Christ's sake,
would you stop, Isabel?
1252
01:20:52,587 --> 01:20:54,355
Just stop.
1253
01:20:54,656 --> 01:20:57,024
It's her idea,
she made a choice,
1254
01:20:57,124 --> 01:20:58,660
she's a grown woman,
let her make it.
1255
01:20:58,859 --> 01:21:00,027
It's like you hide
behind this thing
1256
01:21:00,127 --> 01:21:01,095
with your mother.
1257
01:21:01,195 --> 01:21:02,496
-Hiding?
-I just don't get it.
1258
01:21:02,664 --> 01:21:04,666
-Hide? I'm not hiding.
-Hiding. You're hiding.
1259
01:21:04,766 --> 01:21:05,966
I'm not hiding.
1260
01:21:07,836 --> 01:21:09,571
So silly.
1261
01:21:12,607 --> 01:21:13,440
And then...
1262
01:21:14,609 --> 01:21:16,877
he offered me some pasta...
1263
01:21:17,878 --> 01:21:19,614
to apologize.
1264
01:21:29,858 --> 01:21:31,526
You want some of that pasta?
1265
01:21:35,730 --> 01:21:37,532
-Save me some.
-Okay.
1266
01:21:44,938 --> 01:21:46,440
And then that was it.
1267
01:21:51,546 --> 01:21:53,147
But we didn't break.
1268
01:21:55,617 --> 01:21:57,084
We did not break.
1269
01:21:58,185 --> 01:21:59,521
We were together.
1270
01:22:01,021 --> 01:22:02,289
Till the end.
1271
01:22:04,659 --> 01:22:06,460
He should be here, Miss.
1272
01:22:07,662 --> 01:22:09,363
He should be here.
1273
01:22:36,089 --> 01:22:37,991
And the one person...
1274
01:22:38,959 --> 01:22:40,595
that I could talk to about...
1275
01:22:43,030 --> 01:22:44,998
she's gone, too.
1276
01:22:56,443 --> 01:22:59,146
What the hell am I supposed
to do now?
1277
01:23:02,817 --> 01:23:04,586
Come, come, come.
1278
01:23:04,686 --> 01:23:05,687
You're okay.
1279
01:23:09,990 --> 01:23:11,492
I just wanna scream,
1280
01:23:11,593 --> 01:23:13,595
I just wanna scream,
I just wanna scream.
1281
01:23:13,695 --> 01:23:14,495
Then scream.
1282
01:23:14,596 --> 01:23:16,096
Then scream.
1283
01:23:18,432 --> 01:23:19,500
Scream.
1284
01:23:29,309 --> 01:23:30,578
Roomy.
1285
01:23:30,745 --> 01:23:32,012
Fantastic light.
1286
01:23:32,914 --> 01:23:34,649
Will you update
or sell as original?
1287
01:23:36,518 --> 01:23:38,786
I was thinking a fresh coat
of paint.
1288
01:23:39,888 --> 01:23:41,121
Vintage it is.
1289
01:23:41,723 --> 01:23:43,056
Yeah.
1290
01:23:54,268 --> 01:23:56,436
There might be water damage
there.
1291
01:23:58,540 --> 01:24:01,174
Yes, with everything going on,
I just...
1292
01:24:02,109 --> 01:24:03,811
I just basically locked
up the house,
1293
01:24:03,912 --> 01:24:05,045
I have to deal with it.
1294
01:24:05,212 --> 01:24:06,614
It's a process.
1295
01:24:07,615 --> 01:24:08,683
Isn't everything?
1296
01:24:10,350 --> 01:24:11,920
So what is the price difference
1297
01:24:12,020 --> 01:24:15,155
between fixing it up
and selling it as is?
1298
01:24:15,924 --> 01:24:18,026
-As is?
-Yeah.
1299
01:24:18,292 --> 01:24:21,428
You're basically giving
this little jewel away.
1300
01:24:21,729 --> 01:24:24,064
The area's hot right now
with hipsters.
1301
01:24:24,164 --> 01:24:25,867
And these older homes,
when they're fixed up,
1302
01:24:25,967 --> 01:24:27,902
can sometimes double in value.
1303
01:24:28,002 --> 01:24:30,638
If you can put a few thousand
towards getting it fixed,
1304
01:24:30,738 --> 01:24:32,974
you would have a competitive
situation on your hands
1305
01:24:33,073 --> 01:24:34,676
with multiple bidders.
1306
01:24:38,846 --> 01:24:40,213
You write books, right?
1307
01:24:40,882 --> 01:24:42,082
A book.
1308
01:24:43,250 --> 01:24:44,719
I'm writing another one, but...
1309
01:24:46,320 --> 01:24:48,523
books don't pay as much
as people think.
1310
01:24:50,190 --> 01:24:52,060
I get it.
1311
01:24:52,359 --> 01:24:54,629
Sell as a fixer
and don't even worry about it.
1312
01:24:54,829 --> 01:24:56,129
Let someone else do the work.
1313
01:24:57,532 --> 01:24:59,433
So let's discuss the contract.
1314
01:24:59,601 --> 01:25:01,168
Once the property is clear,
we'll go ahead
1315
01:25:01,335 --> 01:25:02,269
and do an open house,
1316
01:25:02,369 --> 01:25:03,805
that way, people can come in
1317
01:25:03,905 --> 01:25:05,105
and view the property
and see what they're willing
1318
01:25:05,205 --> 01:25:06,608
to offer.
1319
01:25:06,708 --> 01:25:08,610
Like I said,
we'll get multiple bidders...
1320
01:25:10,377 --> 01:25:11,579
Who is that?
1321
01:25:11,679 --> 01:25:12,847
What?
They didn't wanna get
1322
01:25:12,947 --> 01:25:13,781
in trouble.
1323
01:25:16,651 --> 01:25:18,653
Stop.
1324
01:25:18,753 --> 01:25:21,656
She sucked her thumb
and peed in the bed
1325
01:25:21,756 --> 01:25:23,958
'til she was 20 years old.
1326
01:25:24,058 --> 01:25:27,294
I'm not... I'm just... Stop.
1327
01:25:28,563 --> 01:25:30,464
So cute!
1328
01:25:30,565 --> 01:25:32,165
So cute.
1329
01:25:33,568 --> 01:25:35,168
Look at Mama.
1330
01:25:36,804 --> 01:25:37,605
So cute.
1331
01:25:37,705 --> 01:25:40,742
-So fine.
-Yeah.
1332
01:25:40,842 --> 01:25:41,843
How much is it?
1333
01:25:44,311 --> 01:25:47,815
All four estimates
are over $10,000.
1334
01:25:47,982 --> 01:25:49,617
-Damn.
-Yeah.
1335
01:25:52,486 --> 01:25:54,555
You can't sell the roofless
house.
1336
01:25:54,656 --> 01:25:58,225
Well, we'll have to wait
till I get back.
1337
01:25:58,492 --> 01:26:01,929
-You leave when again?
-Next month.
1338
01:26:02,063 --> 01:26:04,398
I have so much research
to do here,
1339
01:26:04,498 --> 01:26:07,869
and I have
to start a new draft soon.
1340
01:26:07,969 --> 01:26:09,804
Do you even know anybody
in India?
1341
01:26:09,904 --> 01:26:11,371
Marion, here's Uncle.
1342
01:26:12,205 --> 01:26:14,241
That's the point of travelin'.
1343
01:26:14,441 --> 01:26:16,276
Meeting new people.
1344
01:26:16,577 --> 01:26:19,814
Traveling to places where you
are warmly welcomed
1345
01:26:19,914 --> 01:26:21,582
by familiar faces
1346
01:26:22,750 --> 01:26:24,317
is underrated.
1347
01:26:24,585 --> 01:26:27,187
Well, I might have found
an Indian professor
1348
01:26:27,922 --> 01:26:29,557
who can help me navigate.
1349
01:26:30,625 --> 01:26:31,526
"Might"?
1350
01:26:33,427 --> 01:26:34,762
No, no "might."
1351
01:28:12,425 --> 01:28:13,493
Here you are.
1352
01:28:14,427 --> 01:28:15,530
No, no, no.
1353
01:28:25,773 --> 01:28:27,708
- Thank you.
- Thank you, Madame
1354
01:28:55,736 --> 01:28:56,771
Okay good.
1355
01:28:57,437 --> 01:28:58,639
Oh, good.
1356
01:29:53,961 --> 01:29:56,496
Isabel! Isabel!
1357
01:29:57,565 --> 01:29:59,533
Suraj!
1358
01:30:00,500 --> 01:30:02,502
-So good to see you.
-Hello, hello.
1359
01:30:02,637 --> 01:30:04,471
Allow me to introduce
my esteemed friend,
1360
01:30:04,572 --> 01:30:06,207
-Yes.
-Professor Ram Kamli.
1361
01:30:06,307 --> 01:30:08,109
-Pleasure is mine.
-Thank you.
1362
01:30:08,209 --> 01:30:09,310
You know what we're gonna do?
1363
01:30:09,409 --> 01:30:10,711
We're gonna go straight.
1364
01:30:10,811 --> 01:30:12,479
We're gonna walk right there.
1365
01:30:12,580 --> 01:30:14,315
- That's where we gotta go.
- We're doing that?
1366
01:30:14,414 --> 01:30:15,650
We're gonna do that.
1367
01:30:15,816 --> 01:30:17,385
-You are excited?
-Yes, I am.
1368
01:30:17,551 --> 01:30:20,420
Welcome to India, Isabel.
So good to have you.
1369
01:30:20,588 --> 01:30:21,889
I'm happy to be here.
1370
01:30:21,989 --> 01:30:23,524
There are signals
on all the corners.
1371
01:30:23,658 --> 01:30:25,626
And this is one of the...
This is not four-way.
1372
01:30:25,726 --> 01:30:27,595
-This is five-way.
-Five-way.
1373
01:30:27,695 --> 01:30:30,331
And if you add a person like me,
1374
01:30:30,430 --> 01:30:32,233
I make my own way.
1375
01:30:32,333 --> 01:30:34,001
-So, it's like six-way.
-Six-way?
1376
01:30:36,037 --> 01:30:37,171
Oh my...
1377
01:30:45,579 --> 01:30:46,948
It's a beautiful market.
1378
01:31:07,101 --> 01:31:09,337
- I like this one.
- You like this one?
1379
01:31:11,639 --> 01:31:13,107
She would like this.
1380
01:31:23,084 --> 01:31:24,452
It's for my cousin.
1381
01:31:24,585 --> 01:31:25,786
That look gorgeous.
1382
01:31:25,886 --> 01:31:26,921
Thank you.
1383
01:31:27,788 --> 01:31:29,991
Why is the statue caged?
1384
01:31:30,958 --> 01:31:32,259
Quite observant.
1385
01:31:32,393 --> 01:31:34,829
He's Baba Saheb,
the leader of Dalits.
1386
01:31:34,929 --> 01:31:37,832
Isabel, he's Dr. Ambedkar.
1387
01:31:39,867 --> 01:31:42,370
This is the time
when he had just completed
1388
01:31:42,470 --> 01:31:45,039
the task of drafting
India's constitution.
1389
01:31:45,139 --> 01:31:48,476
There, he's holding it
and standing tall.
1390
01:31:48,642 --> 01:31:51,545
You will find these statues
all across the country.
1391
01:31:51,645 --> 01:31:56,150
From a busy street, square,
parks, railway stations,
1392
01:31:56,250 --> 01:31:57,351
bus stations.
1393
01:31:57,451 --> 01:31:59,954
Even in people's
private properties.
1394
01:32:00,121 --> 01:32:04,091
Him standing is an affirmation
of our existence.
1395
01:32:05,659 --> 01:32:08,896
To us, he is revered.
1396
01:32:08,996 --> 01:32:11,732
To others, they revile him.
1397
01:32:11,999 --> 01:32:16,037
Dr. Ambedkar statues are one
of the most vandalized
1398
01:32:16,137 --> 01:32:17,438
in the country.
1399
01:32:17,705 --> 01:32:20,808
The cage is
to keep the vandals away.
1400
01:32:26,180 --> 01:32:29,350
Dr. Ambedkar is more
than a champion
1401
01:32:29,450 --> 01:32:32,119
and a hero to the Dalit people.
1402
01:32:32,386 --> 01:32:35,723
He's the hope that lives
within us.
1403
01:32:36,090 --> 01:32:38,859
He went to the heart of the
problem of caste, and he thought
1404
01:32:38,959 --> 01:32:43,264
the purity was lying beneath the
artifice of caste...
1405
01:32:43,364 --> 01:32:44,698
Mm-hmm.
1406
01:32:44,832 --> 01:32:48,602
and where the human population
was chopped
1407
01:32:48,702 --> 01:32:51,572
into what he called fixed and
definite units.
1408
01:32:52,440 --> 01:32:54,675
In America,
you have what you call
1409
01:32:54,775 --> 01:32:57,478
the Blacks, the browns,
the Asian, the whites
1410
01:32:57,578 --> 01:32:58,612
and et cetera.
1411
01:32:58,712 --> 01:33:00,714
Similarly, we have in India,
1412
01:33:00,815 --> 01:33:03,617
where the Dalits are supposed
to be at the bottom
1413
01:33:03,717 --> 01:33:04,819
and the Brahmins at the top.
1414
01:33:04,919 --> 01:33:07,254
And between,
there are various units
1415
01:33:07,354 --> 01:33:08,722
of caste.
1416
01:33:08,989 --> 01:33:13,828
What maintains this unit
into continuing of caste system
1417
01:33:13,961 --> 01:33:17,498
is unending violence
in the form of rape,
1418
01:33:17,598 --> 01:33:19,568
mutilation and murder.
1419
01:33:19,733 --> 01:33:24,573
In India, a Dalit person
is attacked every 15 minutes.
1420
01:33:24,705 --> 01:33:28,109
Every day, 10 Dalit women
are raped,
1421
01:33:28,209 --> 01:33:30,611
and these are only
the reported cases.
1422
01:33:32,279 --> 01:33:35,416
Rohith Vemula's friends, family
and the wider Dalit Movement
1423
01:33:35,517 --> 01:33:37,418
called it
an institutional murder.
1424
01:33:37,519 --> 01:33:40,221
And they called it this
because it was not simply a case
1425
01:33:40,321 --> 01:33:41,590
of suicide.
1426
01:33:41,689 --> 01:33:43,124
They said
that this was an institution
1427
01:33:43,224 --> 01:33:45,560
that was systematically
discriminating
1428
01:33:45,659 --> 01:33:46,894
against a young Dalit student.
1429
01:33:46,994 --> 01:33:48,829
And this was important
because for a lot of us,
1430
01:33:48,929 --> 01:33:52,366
as young folks who were looking
for a life of dignity
1431
01:33:52,466 --> 01:33:53,968
and respect,
1432
01:33:54,068 --> 01:33:55,604
and were looking to education
and the university to give us
1433
01:33:55,703 --> 01:33:57,238
that life,
1434
01:33:57,338 --> 01:34:00,674
it showed that the specter of
caste was still haunting us.
1435
01:34:00,941 --> 01:34:04,745
In a world where Dalit
people are brutalized,
1436
01:34:04,912 --> 01:34:08,182
simply to keep us in our place,
1437
01:34:08,282 --> 01:34:11,752
Dr. Ambedkar remains
our shining light.
1438
01:34:11,852 --> 01:34:15,890
Our guardian, our hero,
our father.
1439
01:34:16,090 --> 01:34:18,527
The site
of Dr. Ambedkar's last home.
1440
01:34:18,627 --> 01:34:20,394
-It's a museum now.
-Ah.
1441
01:34:21,128 --> 01:34:22,496
Quite magnificent.
1442
01:34:22,763 --> 01:34:25,766
As you can see,
it's an open-book concept.
1443
01:34:28,736 --> 01:34:32,039
While he is a giant
among Dalits,
1444
01:34:32,273 --> 01:34:36,944
the world has failed
to acknowledge his genius.
1445
01:34:37,311 --> 01:34:40,649
Dr. Ambedkar was separated
from the kids of high caste
1446
01:34:40,748 --> 01:34:42,783
so as not to pollute them.
1447
01:34:48,289 --> 01:34:51,825
As a child,
young Bhimrao Ambedkar
1448
01:34:51,926 --> 01:34:54,461
was not allowed to touch many
of the things
1449
01:34:54,563 --> 01:34:57,031
his classmates would touch.
1450
01:34:59,967 --> 01:35:03,170
He was not even allowed
to touch water at the school.
1451
01:35:03,270 --> 01:35:05,339
This is because
he was considered
1452
01:35:05,439 --> 01:35:07,041
an "untouchable."
1453
01:35:09,443 --> 01:35:13,047
That was the term used
for Dalits at the time.
1454
01:35:16,116 --> 01:35:20,387
Young Ambedkar was not allowed
to touch or sit
1455
01:35:20,487 --> 01:35:21,656
at a desk during class.
1456
01:35:38,372 --> 01:35:39,907
But he persevered.
1457
01:35:40,007 --> 01:35:43,177
He continued to study
and break barriers.
1458
01:35:47,515 --> 01:35:50,951
Dr. Ambedkar earned two PhDs.
1459
01:35:51,051 --> 01:35:53,754
One at Columbia University,
1460
01:35:53,921 --> 01:35:56,257
and the other
at the London School
1461
01:35:56,357 --> 01:35:58,492
of Economics.
1462
01:35:58,859 --> 01:36:04,666
After obtaining his PhDs
and passing the bar,
1463
01:36:05,032 --> 01:36:10,971
Dr. Ambedkar returned to India
as a heralded scholar.
1464
01:36:11,171 --> 01:36:13,807
We have been carrying on
with untouchability
1465
01:36:13,907 --> 01:36:15,175
for the last 2,000 years.
1466
01:36:15,409 --> 01:36:18,345
Nobody has bothered about it.
You see?
1467
01:36:18,479 --> 01:36:22,449
Yes, there are some...
some disabilities.
1468
01:36:22,550 --> 01:36:23,884
We are very harmful.
1469
01:36:23,984 --> 01:36:25,587
Apparently,
people can't take water.
1470
01:36:25,754 --> 01:36:28,322
People can't have land,
you see,
1471
01:36:28,422 --> 01:36:31,225
to cultivate
and earn their livelihood.
1472
01:36:33,494 --> 01:36:38,733
There is an insistence
on conflating caste with race.
1473
01:36:38,866 --> 01:36:40,100
Oh, yeah.
1474
01:36:40,267 --> 01:36:42,570
If I brought you
to the family reunion,
1475
01:36:42,671 --> 01:36:43,672
what would you say?
1476
01:36:43,772 --> 01:36:44,773
What would you say to them?
1477
01:36:44,872 --> 01:36:48,576
My cousin Marion. My mother.
1478
01:36:52,313 --> 01:36:56,450
What would you say to them
that's important for them
1479
01:36:56,551 --> 01:36:57,552
to know...
1480
01:36:58,852 --> 01:37:02,156
about you, about India,
1481
01:37:02,256 --> 01:37:06,761
about caste and our connection?
1482
01:37:07,061 --> 01:37:09,096
Our heroes found
the connection.
1483
01:37:09,196 --> 01:37:11,865
And it is up to us
to find it again,
1484
01:37:11,965 --> 01:37:15,936
and build upon it
in sibling solidarity.
1485
01:37:16,236 --> 01:37:20,274
Bhimrao Ambedkar,
a young Indian grad student,
1486
01:37:20,474 --> 01:37:23,410
he found himself in New York
City.
1487
01:37:23,611 --> 01:37:26,113
Harlem, to be exact.
1488
01:37:26,480 --> 01:37:30,384
He saw kindred spirits
among Black people in America.
1489
01:37:30,685 --> 01:37:35,956
Both in the oppression they
faced and in their survival.
1490
01:37:38,392 --> 01:37:40,494
He immediately
recognized the similarities
1491
01:37:40,628 --> 01:37:44,932
between how African Americans
were treated
1492
01:37:45,032 --> 01:37:46,133
and the treatment of Dalits.
1493
01:37:50,003 --> 01:37:52,139
Asha, you've been doing some
work on this right?
1494
01:37:52,272 --> 01:37:56,243
Yes, my thesis centered on
Dr. King's visit to India.
1495
01:37:56,511 --> 01:37:59,146
He saw many
of these things first time,
1496
01:37:59,246 --> 01:38:03,050
while he and his wife toured
the country.
1497
01:38:03,150 --> 01:38:05,919
I found the way
in which he wrote about India
1498
01:38:06,019 --> 01:38:09,524
to be fascinating as someone
afflicted by caste
1499
01:38:09,657 --> 01:38:10,592
in their own country.
1500
01:38:11,626 --> 01:38:13,227
I used his essay
1501
01:38:13,327 --> 01:38:16,564
in the magazine of United States
as the core of my research.
1502
01:38:16,731 --> 01:38:18,999
Do you know Ebony magazine?
1503
01:38:19,734 --> 01:38:21,935
Yes.
1504
01:38:22,069 --> 01:38:23,404
Yes, I know Ebony magazine.
1505
01:38:23,504 --> 01:38:26,473
Dr. King wrote about India
in Ebony?
1506
01:38:26,641 --> 01:38:27,609
Yes.
1507
01:38:27,742 --> 01:38:29,443
July, 1959.
1508
01:38:29,544 --> 01:38:31,111
It is quite extraordinary.
1509
01:38:33,280 --> 01:38:36,684
And so, there is a
connection between us.
1510
01:38:36,885 --> 01:38:39,153
The African Americans,
the Dalits,
1511
01:38:39,253 --> 01:38:41,556
the indigenous people
around the world,
1512
01:38:41,723 --> 01:38:45,159
the Palestinian people,
the Roma people, Buraku people.
1513
01:38:45,259 --> 01:38:47,127
-Yes.
-The outcasts of Africa
1514
01:38:47,227 --> 01:38:48,696
are still fighting
for their rights.
1515
01:38:48,830 --> 01:38:50,899
Be it Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal.
1516
01:38:50,998 --> 01:38:54,067
You go to Latin America,
you find outcasts
1517
01:38:54,168 --> 01:38:57,271
within the Mexican society
or Brazilian society.
1518
01:38:57,371 --> 01:39:00,007
And if we think
about our histories
1519
01:39:00,107 --> 01:39:02,075
through the wonderful
ability of love,
1520
01:39:02,342 --> 01:39:06,614
the symbols of hate
and diets of violence
1521
01:39:06,748 --> 01:39:12,019
will be replaced by compassion,
care and solidarity.
1522
01:39:12,186 --> 01:39:16,256
This is the world that we have
to imagine
1523
01:39:16,356 --> 01:39:19,326
for ourselves and
for others
1524
01:39:19,426 --> 01:39:22,630
who have not yet seen the beauty
1525
01:39:22,730 --> 01:39:24,965
that human beings have to offer.
1526
01:39:28,703 --> 01:39:31,940
One afternoon,
I went down to speak
1527
01:39:32,039 --> 01:39:33,808
in the southern part of India,
1528
01:39:33,908 --> 01:39:38,713
and I remember that afternoon
that the principal got up
1529
01:39:38,813 --> 01:39:40,147
to introduce me.
1530
01:39:40,247 --> 01:39:44,151
He said, "I would like
to present to you
1531
01:39:44,251 --> 01:39:45,720
a fellow untouchable
1532
01:39:45,887 --> 01:39:48,355
from the United States
of America."
1533
01:39:48,523 --> 01:39:51,325
And for the moment,
I was peeved. I was shocked
1534
01:39:51,492 --> 01:39:54,995
that I would be introduced
as an untouchable.
1535
01:39:55,095 --> 01:39:58,633
But pretty soon,
my mind ran back across
1536
01:39:58,733 --> 01:40:00,200
to America.
1537
01:40:00,568 --> 01:40:04,973
And I had to say to myself,
I am an untouchable.
1538
01:40:05,105 --> 01:40:08,810
And segregation is evil
and sinful
1539
01:40:08,910 --> 01:40:11,111
because it stigmatizes
1540
01:40:11,211 --> 01:40:13,648
the segregated
as an untouchable
1541
01:40:13,748 --> 01:40:16,183
in a caste system.
1542
01:40:16,450 --> 01:40:19,152
And this is why I'm convinced
1543
01:40:19,253 --> 01:40:25,492
that we have the moral edict,
a moral mandate,
1544
01:40:25,760 --> 01:40:30,063
to work to get rid
of this unjust and evil system.
1545
01:41:17,311 --> 01:41:20,715
I'll put the phone near her.
1546
01:41:20,882 --> 01:41:21,749
Okay.
1547
01:41:29,524 --> 01:41:30,490
Baby.
1548
01:41:35,763 --> 01:41:36,864
You're on speaker.
1549
01:41:38,098 --> 01:41:39,466
She's...
1550
01:41:41,335 --> 01:41:43,403
She hasn't been responding
to folks.
1551
01:41:47,107 --> 01:41:48,342
I understand.
1552
01:41:54,849 --> 01:41:56,116
Marion.
1553
01:41:56,951 --> 01:41:58,251
It's Isabel.
1554
01:42:01,589 --> 01:42:02,790
Hi, cousin.
1555
01:42:06,995 --> 01:42:08,763
I called to say goodbye.
1556
01:42:13,001 --> 01:42:14,636
I believe you can hear me.
1557
01:42:16,904 --> 01:42:18,606
You mean so much to me.
1558
01:42:23,511 --> 01:42:26,648
I remember everything
you have ever said to me.
1559
01:42:27,915 --> 01:42:29,917
From the time that we were kids
1560
01:42:31,351 --> 01:42:34,187
until the last time
I heard your voice.
1561
01:42:36,024 --> 01:42:37,324
I'll never forget it.
1562
01:42:40,427 --> 01:42:42,295
I'll never forget you.
1563
01:42:45,800 --> 01:42:47,735
You will walk with me.
1564
01:42:50,337 --> 01:42:52,674
You will live in me.
1565
01:42:54,207 --> 01:42:55,810
For as long as I'm here.
1566
01:43:00,648 --> 01:43:01,816
Watch over me.
1567
01:43:05,820 --> 01:43:07,722
Cover me, okay?
1568
01:43:11,491 --> 01:43:15,797
I won't see you,
but you'll see me.
1569
01:43:18,900 --> 01:43:23,336
There's more to life
than what you can see.
1570
01:43:25,707 --> 01:43:28,475
You're going to experience
it all.
1571
01:43:35,683 --> 01:43:38,553
I love you. I love you.
I love you.
1572
01:43:53,266 --> 01:43:54,902
I could stay around for a bit.
1573
01:43:56,104 --> 01:43:58,673
Don't you dare. You go.
1574
01:43:58,906 --> 01:44:01,609
So you can come home
and you can write your stories.
1575
01:44:01,709 --> 01:44:03,945
'Cause folks need to know
about this.
1576
01:44:27,835 --> 01:44:28,603
The pillars are working.
1577
01:44:28,703 --> 01:44:30,738
You know, it gives it shape.
1578
01:44:30,838 --> 01:44:32,372
Good, good.
1579
01:44:32,607 --> 01:44:34,575
Then how many of them
will there be?
1580
01:44:35,275 --> 01:44:37,678
Six or seven.
1581
01:44:38,079 --> 01:44:39,547
Maybe eight.
1582
01:44:39,781 --> 01:44:41,516
And you are going
to make this deadline?
1583
01:44:41,616 --> 01:44:43,618
I am going
to make this deadline.
1584
01:44:43,718 --> 01:44:45,820
This self-imposed deadline.
1585
01:44:45,920 --> 01:44:48,222
Well, I don't have anyone
to push me anymore,
1586
01:44:48,321 --> 01:44:49,356
so I have to push myself.
1587
01:45:26,459 --> 01:45:30,330
A caste
system needs scaffolding
1588
01:45:30,430 --> 01:45:33,868
in order to maintain
its hierarchies.
1589
01:45:43,343 --> 01:45:45,478
Dr. Ambedkar wrote,
1590
01:45:45,580 --> 01:45:48,348
"Caste is an artificial
chopping up
1591
01:45:48,448 --> 01:45:52,019
of the population
into fixed units.
1592
01:45:52,119 --> 01:45:54,755
Each unit is prevented
from fusing into another
1593
01:45:54,856 --> 01:45:57,558
through the custom
called endogamy."
1594
01:46:28,356 --> 01:46:31,359
In showing how endogamy
is maintained,
1595
01:46:31,458 --> 01:46:34,929
we can prove the genesis
and mechanism of caste.
1596
01:46:36,631 --> 01:46:39,800
Endogamy is defined
as restricting marriage
1597
01:46:39,901 --> 01:46:42,036
to people
within the same caste.
1598
01:47:04,926 --> 01:47:07,361
This is an ironclad
foundation
1599
01:47:07,460 --> 01:47:09,196
of any caste
system.
1600
01:47:10,564 --> 01:47:13,935
From ancient India,
to the Nazi regime,
1601
01:47:14,101 --> 01:47:15,836
to the American colonizers.
1602
01:47:32,353 --> 01:47:35,323
Endogamy enforces caste
boundaries
1603
01:47:35,423 --> 01:47:37,858
by forbidding marriage,
sexual relations
1604
01:47:37,959 --> 01:47:41,395
or even the appearance
of romantic interest
1605
01:47:41,494 --> 01:47:42,863
across caste lines.
1606
01:47:43,064 --> 01:47:46,634
It builds a firewall
between certain people.
1607
01:48:02,984 --> 01:48:05,920
By closing off
legal family connection,
1608
01:48:06,120 --> 01:48:09,256
endogamy purposely
blocks sense of empathy
1609
01:48:09,423 --> 01:48:13,027
and shared destiny
between people.
1610
01:48:16,130 --> 01:48:16,998
Mama!
1611
01:48:22,003 --> 01:48:23,070
Mama!
1612
01:48:32,279 --> 01:48:35,883
It was the caste
system, through the practice
1613
01:48:35,983 --> 01:48:37,685
of endogamy,
1614
01:48:37,785 --> 01:48:39,820
which essentially regulated
people's romantic choices
1615
01:48:39,987 --> 01:48:41,689
over the course of centuries,
1616
01:48:41,789 --> 01:48:46,260
that created and reinforced
the idea of races.
1617
01:48:50,097 --> 01:48:54,135
By permitting only those
with similar physical traits
1618
01:48:54,235 --> 01:48:55,102
to legally mate.
1619
01:48:59,240 --> 01:49:03,077
Endogamy laws written
and enforced by white men
1620
01:49:03,177 --> 01:49:06,881
designed the population
of the United States.
1621
01:49:12,853 --> 01:49:17,124
If you were not a white man
and you violated that...
1622
01:49:19,460 --> 01:49:23,931
An unknowable number of lives
were lost due to endogamy...
1623
01:49:26,000 --> 01:49:28,569
the defining pillar of caste.
1624
01:49:31,639 --> 01:49:35,376
It triggered the most
publicized cases
1625
01:49:35,476 --> 01:49:36,877
of lynchings in America.
1626
01:49:37,111 --> 01:49:40,915
A protocol strictly enforced
against Black men
1627
01:49:41,048 --> 01:49:42,483
and white women.
1628
01:49:42,583 --> 01:49:44,085
Front row seat, darlin'.
1629
01:49:54,829 --> 01:49:57,398
One of the foremost
scholars of caste
1630
01:49:57,498 --> 01:49:59,366
in America once wrote,
1631
01:49:59,534 --> 01:50:01,368
"Tied to what one looked like,
1632
01:50:01,536 --> 01:50:05,372
membership in either the upper
or the lowest caste
1633
01:50:05,473 --> 01:50:06,340
is immutable.
1634
01:50:08,309 --> 01:50:10,244
Fixed from birth to death.
1635
01:50:10,344 --> 01:50:11,879
Inescapable.
1636
01:50:11,979 --> 01:50:16,717
One may neither earn
nor wed their way out."
1637
01:50:16,817 --> 01:50:20,589
That scholar
was Dr. Allison Davis.
1638
01:50:20,821 --> 01:50:23,124
The Davis
and Gardner team emerged
1639
01:50:23,224 --> 01:50:26,293
with perhaps
the most comprehensive study,
1640
01:50:26,393 --> 01:50:29,630
to this day,
of the American caste system.
1641
01:50:30,397 --> 01:50:31,799
Their book, Deep South,
1642
01:50:31,899 --> 01:50:35,402
is a quietly revolutionary
landmark experiment
1643
01:50:35,503 --> 01:50:37,972
in interracial scholarship.
1644
01:50:38,205 --> 01:50:42,276
The Davises and the Gardners
remained lifelong friends.
1645
01:50:56,991 --> 01:51:00,227
Nazi Germany,
the United States and India
1646
01:51:00,327 --> 01:51:04,365
all reduced Jews,
African Americans and Dalits
1647
01:51:04,465 --> 01:51:08,570
to an undifferentiated mass
of nameless,
1648
01:51:08,669 --> 01:51:09,670
faceless scapegoats.
1649
01:51:14,108 --> 01:51:17,646
Millennia ago,
Dalits were called
1650
01:51:17,745 --> 01:51:19,947
the "untouchables" of India.
1651
01:51:22,216 --> 01:51:27,188
Enforced into the degrading
work of manual scavenging,
1652
01:51:27,321 --> 01:51:30,791
the practice
of cleaning excrement
1653
01:51:30,891 --> 01:51:33,360
from toilets
and open drains by hand
1654
01:51:33,460 --> 01:51:36,330
in exchange for leftover food.
1655
01:51:42,403 --> 01:51:45,906
The only thing that they have
to protect their bodies...
1656
01:51:47,374 --> 01:51:48,909
is oil,
1657
01:51:49,276 --> 01:51:50,844
each other...
1658
01:51:50,978 --> 01:51:52,479
and their prayers.
1659
01:51:56,483 --> 01:52:01,889
To refuse is to invite
severe punishment or death.
1660
01:52:01,989 --> 01:52:04,458
This persists to this day.
1661
01:52:10,364 --> 01:52:13,100
The trade and sale of African
people
1662
01:52:13,234 --> 01:52:16,870
demolished communities,
obliterated families
1663
01:52:17,037 --> 01:52:19,273
and tore flesh from spirit.
1664
01:52:23,844 --> 01:52:25,879
Human beings were tortured to
death,
1665
01:52:25,980 --> 01:52:28,916
and thrown overboard on slave
ships
1666
01:52:29,016 --> 01:52:30,084
during the Middle Passage.
1667
01:52:39,628 --> 01:52:43,230
Upon their arrival
at the concentration camps,
1668
01:52:43,330 --> 01:52:45,567
Jews were stripped
of the clothing
1669
01:52:45,667 --> 01:52:47,835
of their former lives.
1670
01:52:53,807 --> 01:52:55,943
Their heads were shaved.
1671
01:52:56,143 --> 01:52:58,647
Distinguishing features
like sideburns
1672
01:52:58,747 --> 01:53:02,349
or red hair were deleted
from them.
1673
01:53:02,717 --> 01:53:06,554
They were no longer
personalities to engage with.
1674
01:53:06,655 --> 01:53:08,757
They became a single mass,
1675
01:53:08,889 --> 01:53:11,593
purposely easier
for SS officers
1676
01:53:11,693 --> 01:53:13,494
to distance themselves from.
1677
01:53:26,307 --> 01:53:30,411
Indian activists explained
that the manual scavenger
1678
01:53:30,578 --> 01:53:34,415
is not a form of employment,
but an injustice
1679
01:53:34,516 --> 01:53:36,183
akin to slavery.
1680
01:53:36,483 --> 01:53:40,421
It is one of the most prominent
forms of discrimination
1681
01:53:40,522 --> 01:53:41,690
against Dalits,
1682
01:53:41,790 --> 01:53:43,490
and it is central
to the violation
1683
01:53:43,658 --> 01:53:44,425
of their human rights,
1684
01:53:46,460 --> 01:53:48,429
to their dehumanization.
1685
01:53:53,768 --> 01:53:58,573
Through violent storms at sea,
starvation, mutilation
1686
01:53:58,673 --> 01:54:00,274
and rape,
1687
01:54:00,374 --> 01:54:02,811
Black people were stacked
and squeezed into the hulls
1688
01:54:02,910 --> 01:54:04,378
of ships
1689
01:54:04,478 --> 01:54:07,448
to be sold into further
unfathomable terror.
1690
01:54:13,320 --> 01:54:16,423
Their bodies did not belong
to them...
1691
01:54:18,526 --> 01:54:23,397
but to the dominating caste
to do with however it wished.
1692
01:54:26,300 --> 01:54:29,436
No longer daughter
of a fisherman,
1693
01:54:29,637 --> 01:54:31,872
or a nephew of the midwife,
1694
01:54:33,040 --> 01:54:35,710
loving mothers,
1695
01:54:35,810 --> 01:54:39,346
headstrong nephews,
dedicated bakers
1696
01:54:39,480 --> 01:54:41,081
and watchmakers,
1697
01:54:41,181 --> 01:54:44,418
all merged into a single mass
of undifferentiated bodies.
1698
01:54:44,519 --> 01:54:48,288
No longer seen as humans
deserving empathy...
1699
01:54:49,524 --> 01:54:54,529
but as objects over whom
control could be exerted.
1700
01:54:54,763 --> 01:54:56,363
They were no longer people.
1701
01:54:59,166 --> 01:55:00,968
They were numbers.
1702
01:55:18,352 --> 01:55:19,987
Dehumanized.
1703
01:55:36,704 --> 01:55:40,040
Now a soulless animal.
1704
01:55:49,784 --> 01:55:51,151
Not human.
1705
01:56:04,532 --> 01:56:08,435
It is harder to dehumanize
a single person standing
1706
01:56:08,536 --> 01:56:09,904
in front of you,
1707
01:56:10,170 --> 01:56:13,775
harder to dehumanize
an individual
1708
01:56:13,875 --> 01:56:15,042
you've gotten the chance
to know.
1709
01:56:20,915 --> 01:56:24,519
Which is why people and groups
who seek power and division
1710
01:56:24,619 --> 01:56:28,523
don't bother with dehumanizing
an individual.
1711
01:56:28,690 --> 01:56:32,760
Better to attach a stigma,
a taint of pollution,
1712
01:56:32,861 --> 01:56:34,461
to an entire group.
1713
01:56:38,766 --> 01:56:40,367
Dehumanize the group
1714
01:56:40,467 --> 01:56:43,470
and you've successfully
dehumanized
1715
01:56:43,571 --> 01:56:46,206
every individual person
within it.
1716
01:56:57,585 --> 01:57:00,420
Racism is not the same
as caste.
1717
01:57:00,588 --> 01:57:03,858
Because race does not matter
in order for the system
1718
01:57:03,958 --> 01:57:05,058
to work.
1719
01:57:44,097 --> 01:57:48,603
"Little League team wins
championship."
1720
01:58:01,549 --> 01:58:02,550
Mama.
1721
01:58:02,650 --> 01:58:05,687
"Little League team...
splashes."
1722
01:58:07,154 --> 01:58:08,523
It's true.
1723
01:58:11,926 --> 01:58:13,795
Go, go, go!
1724
01:58:34,082 --> 01:58:36,017
It was a hot day like
today.
1725
01:58:37,150 --> 01:58:39,219
We were pretty excited
1726
01:58:39,319 --> 01:58:41,556
because we had just won
the city championship
1727
01:58:41,656 --> 01:58:44,692
when the coach told us
he was bringing us to this park.
1728
01:58:44,792 --> 01:58:48,195
And we're gonna get to eat
and go swimming.
1729
01:58:48,328 --> 01:58:49,964
We were quite excited,
as you can imagine.
1730
01:58:50,064 --> 01:58:55,603
And then the park ranger came
over and pointed out Al.
1731
01:58:55,770 --> 01:58:56,738
Hey, boy!
1732
01:59:03,778 --> 01:59:05,747
-Yes, sir?
-You can't be in here right now.
1733
01:59:05,847 --> 01:59:07,180
And you know better.
1734
01:59:07,280 --> 01:59:09,149
- Who you with?
- Everything okay here?
1735
01:59:09,517 --> 01:59:11,719
-This boy with your team?
-He's one of my players.
1736
01:59:11,819 --> 01:59:12,920
You know how long it'd take
for our maintenance crew
1737
01:59:13,021 --> 01:59:13,921
to clean this up?
1738
01:59:14,022 --> 01:59:15,389
Disinfect it?
1739
01:59:15,489 --> 01:59:16,456
-Disinfect what...
-This is a whites-only pool.
1740
01:59:16,557 --> 01:59:18,291
We didn't know.
Being young kids,
1741
01:59:18,392 --> 01:59:20,360
we didn't understand
what was going on.
1742
01:59:20,460 --> 01:59:22,930
-Yeah.
-And yet we wanted
1743
01:59:23,031 --> 01:59:24,264
to go in the pool
1744
01:59:24,364 --> 01:59:26,100
because it was so hot that day,
too.
1745
01:59:26,199 --> 01:59:28,368
And then the park ranger,
he said,
1746
01:59:28,502 --> 01:59:30,872
"If he goes in, nobody goes in."
1747
01:59:44,686 --> 01:59:49,423
So, they took Al outside
to a blanket out there.
1748
01:59:49,724 --> 01:59:52,392
But, you know,
we kept looking back at Al,
1749
01:59:52,492 --> 01:59:54,394
and seeing,
why was he over there.
1750
01:59:55,596 --> 01:59:59,967
So, a few of my friends and I
went over to talk to him
1751
02:00:00,101 --> 02:00:01,669
and to make sure he was okay.
1752
02:00:01,836 --> 02:00:05,106
So it felt strange
when that happened,
1753
02:00:05,238 --> 02:00:06,506
that he was over there
1754
02:00:06,607 --> 02:00:07,575
-and you guys were here.
-Yeah, it felt separate.
1755
02:00:07,675 --> 02:00:09,342
-He was on our team.
-Yeah. Right, right.
1756
02:00:09,443 --> 02:00:11,278
And he was a big part
of our team, and then,
1757
02:00:11,378 --> 02:00:14,314
they wouldn't let him in.
1758
02:00:14,749 --> 02:00:17,552
Some of the parents brought him
over some food to eat.
1759
02:00:17,719 --> 02:00:19,721
-He sat there by himself? Ugh.
-By himself.
1760
02:00:21,756 --> 02:00:24,826
And then, the coach talked
to the park ranger again
1761
02:00:24,926 --> 02:00:26,293
and said,
1762
02:00:26,393 --> 02:00:27,394
"Hey, you've gotta let this kid
in, at least
1763
02:00:27,494 --> 02:00:28,730
for a little swim."
1764
02:00:28,830 --> 02:00:33,034
-Yes, yes.
-So he talked to the coach
1765
02:00:33,134 --> 02:00:35,069
and he said,
"There's only one way
1766
02:00:35,169 --> 02:00:36,236
-I'm going to let this happen."
-Mm-hmm.
1767
02:00:38,539 --> 02:00:41,008
Everybody out.
Come on, now.
1768
02:00:41,109 --> 02:00:42,977
Come on. Come on.
1769
02:00:43,144 --> 02:00:44,579
Come on out now.
Come on.
1770
02:01:05,733 --> 02:01:07,135
You cannot touch
that water, boy.
1771
02:01:07,235 --> 02:01:08,603
You hear me?
1772
02:01:12,039 --> 02:01:13,473
Keep your balance.
1773
02:01:17,545 --> 02:01:19,346
Do not touch that water.
1774
02:01:25,253 --> 02:01:26,486
Real still.
1775
02:02:03,724 --> 02:02:04,859
Real still.
1776
02:02:21,209 --> 02:02:22,577
Don't touch the water.
1777
02:02:44,665 --> 02:02:49,103
It really affected us
and we didn't know what to do.
1778
02:02:49,203 --> 02:02:50,838
Right.
1779
02:02:51,105 --> 02:02:53,007
And it still bothers me today.
1780
02:02:55,176 --> 02:02:58,913
As a kid, we just want
to play baseball and swim.
1781
02:03:00,781 --> 02:03:03,017
We didn't know what to do.
1782
02:03:03,317 --> 02:03:05,452
And I wish I could do it
over again.
1783
02:03:06,988 --> 02:03:08,923
Because I don't think
I did enough.
1784
02:03:12,360 --> 02:03:13,628
How old were you?
1785
02:03:14,362 --> 02:03:15,630
I was nine.
1786
02:03:16,864 --> 02:03:17,932
Nine years old.
1787
02:03:30,211 --> 02:03:34,282
Al Bright went on
to become an artist
1788
02:03:34,382 --> 02:03:35,616
and educator.
1789
02:03:35,950 --> 02:03:38,853
He was the first
full-time Black faculty member
1790
02:03:38,953 --> 02:03:43,824
at his alma mater,
Youngstown State University.
1791
02:03:43,991 --> 02:03:47,094
I missed talking to him
for the book
1792
02:03:47,194 --> 02:03:48,996
by a matter of months.
1793
02:03:49,096 --> 02:03:52,366
He passed away at age 82.
1794
02:03:52,700 --> 02:03:56,570
But a part of him died
that afternoon in 1951.
1795
02:04:03,443 --> 02:04:05,445
You're going to be fine.
1796
02:04:11,218 --> 02:04:13,754
You're going to be just fine.
1797
02:05:24,392 --> 02:05:27,528
The tragedy of caste
1798
02:05:28,863 --> 02:05:32,166
is that we are judged
on the very things
1799
02:05:32,299 --> 02:05:33,734
that we cannot change.
1800
02:05:33,901 --> 02:05:38,539
Signposts on our bodies
of gender and ancestry,
1801
02:05:38,639 --> 02:05:42,777
superficial differences
that have nothing to do
1802
02:05:42,877 --> 02:05:45,112
with who we are
on the inside.
1803
02:05:47,681 --> 02:05:52,186
The goal of this work
has not been to resolve issues
1804
02:05:52,286 --> 02:05:55,456
of a millennia-old phenomenon,
1805
02:05:55,790 --> 02:05:58,726
but to bear witness
to its presence
1806
02:05:58,859 --> 02:06:00,928
in our everyday lives,
1807
02:06:01,028 --> 02:06:05,266
to shine a light on its history
despite those
1808
02:06:05,366 --> 02:06:06,967
who would deny it,
1809
02:06:07,068 --> 02:06:10,504
despite those who would
withhold it from us even,
1810
02:06:11,372 --> 02:06:16,110
who try to convince us
that we don't need to know.
1811
02:06:20,147 --> 02:06:22,850
We need to know.
1812
02:06:24,952 --> 02:06:31,826
You don't escape trauma
by ignoring it.
1813
02:06:35,096 --> 02:06:39,233
You escape trauma
by confronting it.
1814
02:06:46,373 --> 02:06:49,210
When you live in an old house,
1815
02:06:49,511 --> 02:06:52,581
you may not want to go
in the basement after a storm
1816
02:06:52,713 --> 02:06:54,516
to see what the rains
have brought.
1817
02:06:54,615 --> 02:06:58,853
But choose not to look
at your own peril.
1818
02:07:05,292 --> 02:07:08,429
We're all like homeowners
who've inherited a house
1819
02:07:08,530 --> 02:07:12,099
on a piece of land
that's beautiful
1820
02:07:12,199 --> 02:07:13,167
on the outside.
1821
02:07:13,300 --> 02:07:14,935
But the soil is unstable.
1822
02:07:23,043 --> 02:07:28,349
People say I had nothing to do
with how this all started.
1823
02:07:28,517 --> 02:07:29,750
I never owned slaves.
1824
02:07:29,850 --> 02:07:31,652
I didn't mistreat untouchables.
1825
02:07:31,752 --> 02:07:33,988
I didn't gas Jews.
1826
02:07:34,155 --> 02:07:37,825
And, yes, not one
of us was around
1827
02:07:37,925 --> 02:07:39,994
when this house was built.
1828
02:07:45,567 --> 02:07:47,935
But here we are.
1829
02:07:48,035 --> 02:07:50,337
The current occupants
of a property
1830
02:07:50,437 --> 02:07:53,642
with stress cracks built
into the foundation,
1831
02:07:53,741 --> 02:07:56,677
and a roof
that must be replaced.
1832
02:08:06,621 --> 02:08:10,592
We are the heirs to whatever
is right or wrong with it.
1833
02:08:10,791 --> 02:08:13,093
We didn't erect
the uneven pillars,
1834
02:08:13,194 --> 02:08:15,829
but they are ours to deal
with now.
1835
02:08:24,606 --> 02:08:27,341
The cracks
won't fix themselves.
1836
02:08:34,215 --> 02:08:37,718
Any more deterioration
is on our watch.
1837
02:08:45,192 --> 02:08:48,429
Caste is not simply hatred.
1838
02:08:55,604 --> 02:09:00,575
It is the worn grooves
of routine and expectation.
1839
02:09:00,774 --> 02:09:02,309
Patterns of a social order
1840
02:09:02,409 --> 02:09:06,615
that have been in place
so long, it looks natural...
1841
02:09:06,715 --> 02:09:07,781
when it isn't.
1842
02:09:12,687 --> 02:09:16,490
Caste is everywhere,
yet invisible.
1843
02:09:20,127 --> 02:09:23,397
No one avoids exposure
to its message,
1844
02:09:23,497 --> 02:09:25,065
and the message is simple.
1845
02:09:27,434 --> 02:09:30,838
One kind of person
is more deserving of freedom
1846
02:09:30,938 --> 02:09:33,307
than another kind.
1847
02:09:35,510 --> 02:09:38,912
Freedom to love whoever
you want to love.
1848
02:09:47,722 --> 02:09:50,958
Freedom to go wherever you want
to go.
1849
02:09:55,863 --> 02:09:59,701
Freedom to express yourself
however you want
1850
02:09:59,833 --> 02:10:00,834
to express yourself.
1851
02:10:04,606 --> 02:10:10,477
Freedom to resist and fight
for your human right to do so.