1 00:00:02,042 --> 00:00:03,125 (dramatic music) 2 00:00:03,333 --> 00:00:05,417 - Tonight an investigation into the death 3 00:00:05,417 --> 00:00:08,875 of one of history's most enigmatic rulers. 4 00:00:08,875 --> 00:00:10,500 - King Tut might be 5 00:00:10,500 --> 00:00:14,208 the most famous ancient Egyptian Pharaoh. 6 00:00:14,208 --> 00:00:18,708 - And around 1324 BC, at about 19 years old, 7 00:00:18,708 --> 00:00:20,208 he suddenly dies. 8 00:00:20,208 --> 00:00:22,542 - Even after 3,300 years, 9 00:00:22,542 --> 00:00:23,500 no one knows for certain 10 00:00:23,500 --> 00:00:26,625 what ended the young pharaoh's life, 11 00:00:26,625 --> 00:00:31,667 - Who are the potential suspects if it was a homicide, 12 00:00:33,125 --> 00:00:36,708 which always takes us back to the crime book theory 13 00:00:36,708 --> 00:00:39,875 of means, motive and opportunity. 14 00:00:39,875 --> 00:00:42,208 - His name is wiped out from monuments 15 00:00:42,208 --> 00:00:44,250 and temples across Egypt. 16 00:00:44,250 --> 00:00:47,125 Someone wants him erased from history. 17 00:00:47,125 --> 00:00:50,167 - Now we'll explore the top theories behind the demise 18 00:00:50,167 --> 00:00:53,208 of Egypt's legendary boy king. 19 00:00:53,208 --> 00:00:55,417 - The bone fragments that show up on the X-ray are 20 00:00:55,417 --> 00:00:58,125 at the base of the skull in a position 21 00:00:58,125 --> 00:01:00,792 that suggests one blow in the back of the head. 22 00:01:00,792 --> 00:01:02,708 And could he have been murdered? 23 00:01:02,708 --> 00:01:06,000 - DNA could really make or break the case. 24 00:01:06,000 --> 00:01:09,042 - King Tut's death. What a mystery. 25 00:01:09,958 --> 00:01:14,042 - Who or what killed King Tut? 26 00:01:14,042 --> 00:01:18,042 (dramatic suspenseful music) 27 00:01:24,625 --> 00:01:27,375 (mysterious music) 28 00:01:27,375 --> 00:01:28,708 (dramatic suspenseful music) 29 00:01:28,708 --> 00:01:32,458 It's November 4th, 1922 near Luxor, Egypt 30 00:01:32,458 --> 00:01:34,208 in the ancient burial grounds known 31 00:01:34,208 --> 00:01:36,875 as the Valley of the Kings. 32 00:01:36,875 --> 00:01:38,708 British archaeologist Howard 33 00:01:38,708 --> 00:01:40,583 Carter is searching for the tomb 34 00:01:40,583 --> 00:01:44,208 of a long forgotten Pharaoh named Tutankhamun. 35 00:01:44,208 --> 00:01:46,417 - He had a a great deal of support. 36 00:01:46,417 --> 00:01:50,958 He had a very wealthy lord, Lord Carnarvon, 37 00:01:50,958 --> 00:01:55,375 who backed him for a number of years. 38 00:01:55,375 --> 00:01:57,250 - Both were working so hard 39 00:01:57,250 --> 00:01:59,875 to specifically find King Tut's tomb. 40 00:01:59,875 --> 00:02:01,417 On the list of kings they had, 41 00:02:01,417 --> 00:02:04,250 every other tomb was found in the Valley of the Kings 42 00:02:04,250 --> 00:02:06,542 except for King Tut's tomb. 43 00:02:06,542 --> 00:02:09,958 - He's been looking for five years for Tut 44 00:02:09,958 --> 00:02:11,708 and he has failed 45 00:02:11,708 --> 00:02:13,458 over and over again. 46 00:02:13,458 --> 00:02:15,208 - By the end of this five year period, 47 00:02:15,208 --> 00:02:16,875 Lord Carnarvon was ready to give up 48 00:02:16,875 --> 00:02:19,625 and you know Howard Carter essentially begged him 49 00:02:19,625 --> 00:02:22,292 for one more season, said, look, I've got this feeling. 50 00:02:22,292 --> 00:02:23,542 There's this one area 51 00:02:23,542 --> 00:02:25,625 of the valley that we haven't looked at. 52 00:02:25,625 --> 00:02:28,167 Let me dig there and let me see what I can find. 53 00:02:28,167 --> 00:02:29,333 - And he'd managed to 54 00:02:29,333 --> 00:02:30,750 persuade Lord Carnarvon 55 00:02:30,750 --> 00:02:32,458 to pay for one more season. 56 00:02:33,458 --> 00:02:35,750 The area which hadn't been touched was right 57 00:02:35,750 --> 00:02:37,042 in the center of the valley. 58 00:02:37,042 --> 00:02:39,708 He dug through, he found some huts which had been used 59 00:02:39,708 --> 00:02:43,208 by the builders of another royal tomb nearby. 60 00:02:43,208 --> 00:02:46,708 Under those, they found a stone cut step. 61 00:02:48,333 --> 00:02:50,292 - [Laurence] It's here that Carter and his team make 62 00:02:50,292 --> 00:02:52,833 an extraordinary discovery. 63 00:02:52,833 --> 00:02:55,875 - The staircase that leads them all the way down 64 00:02:55,875 --> 00:02:58,833 to a door with a seal on it. 65 00:02:58,833 --> 00:03:04,333 And that seal said on it, 66 00:03:04,333 --> 00:03:07,458 the coronation name of King Tut. 67 00:03:07,458 --> 00:03:09,500 - Carter was able to read it immediately 68 00:03:09,500 --> 00:03:11,000 and know which pharaoh it was. 69 00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:14,250 - And you can imagine the feeling that Howard Carter had. 70 00:03:14,250 --> 00:03:17,375 All his life he's been waiting for that moment, 71 00:03:17,375 --> 00:03:21,625 and it happened just when he was about to give up. 72 00:03:21,625 --> 00:03:24,333 - Carter decided to tear down the sealed doorway 73 00:03:24,333 --> 00:03:27,292 and continue his excavation into this tomb. 74 00:03:27,292 --> 00:03:30,375 They arrived yet again at another sealed doorway 75 00:03:30,375 --> 00:03:32,917 and Carter recounts this in his publications 76 00:03:32,917 --> 00:03:35,250 that they made a small hole 77 00:03:35,250 --> 00:03:37,667 within this second sealed doorway. 78 00:03:37,667 --> 00:03:40,042 - And Howard Carter shined his little light 79 00:03:40,042 --> 00:03:45,250 and looked into the hall and said, "I see wonderful things." 80 00:03:46,292 --> 00:03:47,833 - [Laurence] What Carter sees becomes 81 00:03:47,833 --> 00:03:52,333 the most famous archaeological discovery of the 20th century. 82 00:03:52,333 --> 00:03:55,208 - What they had found was this nearly intact tomb 83 00:03:55,208 --> 00:03:58,542 of a royal burial from the 18th dynasty. 84 00:03:59,708 --> 00:04:02,458 - Over 5,000 objects were found in the tomb 85 00:04:02,458 --> 00:04:06,042 and at the core of it all the mummy of the king, 86 00:04:06,042 --> 00:04:11,042 surrounded by coffins of solid gold and gilded wood. 87 00:04:11,042 --> 00:04:12,542 (dramatic music) 88 00:04:12,542 --> 00:04:15,375 - The king's mummy was surrounded 89 00:04:15,375 --> 00:04:18,292 by four different golden shrines. 90 00:04:18,292 --> 00:04:21,042 And those golden shrines contained 91 00:04:21,042 --> 00:04:22,792 a quartzite sarcophagus 92 00:04:22,792 --> 00:04:25,958 and within that quartzite sarcophagus was a series 93 00:04:25,958 --> 00:04:29,042 of nested coffins, almost like these Russian dolls, right? 94 00:04:29,042 --> 00:04:30,625 One within the other. 95 00:04:30,625 --> 00:04:33,875 - It must have been utterly amazing to go through each 96 00:04:33,875 --> 00:04:37,333 of the three coffins, one inside the other, 97 00:04:37,333 --> 00:04:40,708 to then finally confirm that. yes, this is the body 98 00:04:40,708 --> 00:04:43,708 of Tutankhamun and it has been perfectly preserved 99 00:04:43,708 --> 00:04:45,000 for 3,000 years. 100 00:04:46,333 --> 00:04:47,708 - [Laurence] But more than three millennia 101 00:04:47,708 --> 00:04:50,958 after his mummified body was so lavishly entombed, 102 00:04:50,958 --> 00:04:54,000 little is known about the brief reign of King Tut 103 00:04:54,000 --> 00:04:56,917 or the cause of his death. 104 00:04:56,917 --> 00:04:58,333 - There's this incredible irony 105 00:04:58,333 --> 00:05:00,292 that we learned so much 106 00:05:00,292 --> 00:05:02,000 about Ancient Egypt 107 00:05:02,000 --> 00:05:03,833 through Tutankhamun, 108 00:05:03,833 --> 00:05:07,583 but we really know so little about him individually, 109 00:05:07,583 --> 00:05:11,375 how he died, and that's the mystery. 110 00:05:11,375 --> 00:05:14,375 - All we know is that King Tut was alive 111 00:05:14,375 --> 00:05:18,833 and at the age of 19 he was being mummified. 112 00:05:18,833 --> 00:05:21,667 - It's very likely that King Tutankhamun came to the throne 113 00:05:21,667 --> 00:05:26,625 around 1330-1332 BC having come after his father Akhenaten, 114 00:05:27,917 --> 00:05:29,625 when he was only about nine years old. 115 00:05:29,625 --> 00:05:32,042 So this was the child that we're talking about 116 00:05:32,042 --> 00:05:35,208 who essentially had to become a living god on earth 117 00:05:35,208 --> 00:05:37,333 and rule the land of Egypt. 118 00:05:37,333 --> 00:05:38,958 - [Laurence] But such a young child 119 00:05:38,958 --> 00:05:41,875 could not rule Egypt on his own. 120 00:05:41,875 --> 00:05:45,583 - He needed to surround himself with close advisors, 121 00:05:45,583 --> 00:05:48,542 essentially, to help him rule as king. 122 00:05:48,542 --> 00:05:51,542 - Rule would've been in the hands of adults, 123 00:05:51,542 --> 00:05:53,958 but what they were doing would be 124 00:05:53,958 --> 00:05:56,875 in the name of the young king. 125 00:05:56,875 --> 00:05:58,708 (dramatic music) 126 00:05:58,708 --> 00:05:59,792 - About the time 127 00:05:59,792 --> 00:06:02,500 that King Tutankhamun becomes Pharaoh of Egypt 128 00:06:02,500 --> 00:06:05,000 part of his role as king is he has to take a wife. 129 00:06:05,000 --> 00:06:06,583 He ultimately ends up 130 00:06:06,583 --> 00:06:08,542 marrying his half-sister, 131 00:06:08,542 --> 00:06:11,667 Ankhesenamun, who was also a daughter 132 00:06:11,667 --> 00:06:14,042 of his father King Akhenaten. 133 00:06:14,042 --> 00:06:17,708 - She was the royal heiress. They were both quite young. 134 00:06:17,708 --> 00:06:20,583 Ankhesenamun must must have been about 13 years 135 00:06:20,583 --> 00:06:22,542 of age by that time. 136 00:06:22,542 --> 00:06:24,542 - King Tutankhamun, he has a short reign. 137 00:06:24,542 --> 00:06:26,625 It's roughly probably about 10 years 138 00:06:26,625 --> 00:06:28,625 that he's actually King of Egypt 139 00:06:29,708 --> 00:06:33,083 and around 1324 BC he suddenly dies. 140 00:06:34,667 --> 00:06:37,458 - [Laurence] 70 years after Tut's tomb was found, 141 00:06:37,458 --> 00:06:39,792 one researcher thinks he may have found the reason 142 00:06:39,792 --> 00:06:42,917 for the young pharaoh's sudden death. 143 00:06:42,917 --> 00:06:47,042 - In the 1990s, Egyptology professor Bob Brier gets a hold 144 00:06:47,042 --> 00:06:51,792 of x-rays taken in the 1960s of Tutankhamun's mummy. 145 00:06:51,792 --> 00:06:55,458 - And he recognizes, specifically, a head injury 146 00:06:55,458 --> 00:06:56,708 in the back of his head 147 00:06:56,708 --> 00:06:59,042 and he can tell that the skull fragments 148 00:06:59,042 --> 00:07:00,500 are inside the skull. 149 00:07:00,500 --> 00:07:03,500 - Professor Brier shows them to Dr. Gerald Irwin, 150 00:07:03,500 --> 00:07:05,917 who has experience reading the x-rays 151 00:07:05,917 --> 00:07:07,542 of head trauma patients. 152 00:07:07,542 --> 00:07:11,500 - And that colleague believed the x-rays showed evidence 153 00:07:11,500 --> 00:07:13,375 for a blow to the back of the head. 154 00:07:14,875 --> 00:07:18,458 - Bob Brier starts to suspect that it was a deliberate blow 155 00:07:18,458 --> 00:07:20,667 to the back of the head intended to kill him. 156 00:07:21,708 --> 00:07:22,583 - [Laurence] But who would want 157 00:07:22,583 --> 00:07:24,958 to kill the 19-year-old king? 158 00:07:24,958 --> 00:07:26,875 - In any murder mystery you're looking 159 00:07:26,875 --> 00:07:29,708 for means, motive and opportunity. 160 00:07:29,708 --> 00:07:33,708 Professor Brier speculates that if Tutankhamun was murdered, 161 00:07:33,708 --> 00:07:37,333 the most likely suspect would be someone in the Royal Court. 162 00:07:37,333 --> 00:07:41,167 (dramatic music) 163 00:07:41,167 --> 00:07:42,667 - The first culprit 164 00:07:42,667 --> 00:07:44,542 in our story is Ay, 165 00:07:44,542 --> 00:07:49,208 the vizier of King Tut and the grandfather of his wife. 166 00:07:49,208 --> 00:07:54,250 Ay was one of the people that Tut completely leaned on. 167 00:07:54,250 --> 00:07:55,667 - The vizier is one 168 00:07:55,667 --> 00:07:57,708 of the most powerful officials in Ancient Egypt, 169 00:07:57,708 --> 00:08:01,375 analogous to something like the Prime Minister today. 170 00:08:01,375 --> 00:08:04,208 He's in charge of administration, 171 00:08:04,208 --> 00:08:05,625 diplomacy, trade, 172 00:08:05,625 --> 00:08:07,875 all sorts of functions of the state. 173 00:08:07,875 --> 00:08:10,708 - [Laurence] It's a job Ay likely knew well, 174 00:08:10,708 --> 00:08:14,208 given his long service as a member of the Royal Court. 175 00:08:14,208 --> 00:08:17,167 - Ay has been in the royal family and the royal blood 176 00:08:17,167 --> 00:08:19,208 for three generations now. 177 00:08:19,208 --> 00:08:20,875 - He actually started his career 178 00:08:20,875 --> 00:08:23,833 during the reign of King Tut's father Akhenaten, 179 00:08:23,833 --> 00:08:27,250 and so Ay was the second most powerful man in Egypt, 180 00:08:27,250 --> 00:08:29,458 right after the king himself. 181 00:08:29,458 --> 00:08:31,208 - Ay's power would've been huge. 182 00:08:31,208 --> 00:08:34,875 He would've answered, essentially only to Tutankhamun. 183 00:08:34,875 --> 00:08:36,667 - [Laurence] Since King Tut is just a child 184 00:08:36,667 --> 00:08:38,333 when he becomes pharaoh, 185 00:08:38,333 --> 00:08:42,667 many historians believe that Ay is the real power in Egypt. 186 00:08:42,667 --> 00:08:46,167 And Ay's first priority is to undo the damage caused 187 00:08:46,167 --> 00:08:47,500 by Tut's father. 188 00:08:48,542 --> 00:08:52,167 - King Tut's father was King Akhenaten, 189 00:08:52,167 --> 00:08:54,583 he was the king that decided all the gods 190 00:08:54,583 --> 00:08:58,083 of Ancient Egypt didn't matter anymore 191 00:08:58,083 --> 00:09:00,542 and only one God matters. 192 00:09:00,542 --> 00:09:02,292 - Egyptian religion had been based 193 00:09:02,292 --> 00:09:07,125 around dozens of gods going back to the earliest times. 194 00:09:07,125 --> 00:09:10,875 - Akhenaten destroyed all that, went on his own. 195 00:09:10,875 --> 00:09:13,125 - He ultimately moves the capital 196 00:09:13,125 --> 00:09:15,000 to a different part of Egypt 197 00:09:15,000 --> 00:09:16,125 to pursue a certain 198 00:09:16,125 --> 00:09:16,958 religious agenda 199 00:09:16,958 --> 00:09:18,875 and alienates the priesthood. 200 00:09:20,042 --> 00:09:23,375 - So the reign of King Tutankhamun's father left Egypt 201 00:09:23,375 --> 00:09:25,000 more or less in a crisis. 202 00:09:25,000 --> 00:09:27,292 - [Laurence] Weakened by internal dissent, 203 00:09:27,292 --> 00:09:30,917 Egypt was increasingly vulnerable to outside attack. 204 00:09:30,917 --> 00:09:32,708 - Egypt has its own enemies. 205 00:09:32,708 --> 00:09:36,042 Any enemy is ready for a moment of weakness 206 00:09:36,042 --> 00:09:39,958 to come attack the country and take it over. 207 00:09:39,958 --> 00:09:44,208 - Egypt's crisis eases with the death of Akhenaten. 208 00:09:44,208 --> 00:09:48,375 - Tutankhamun reverses all the policies of his father 209 00:09:48,375 --> 00:09:51,375 under the advice of his counselors. 210 00:09:51,375 --> 00:09:54,583 The capital is brought back to its original site. 211 00:09:54,583 --> 00:09:56,208 The temples are restored 212 00:09:56,208 --> 00:09:59,625 and the ancient religion is also restored with it. 213 00:09:59,625 --> 00:10:02,000 - The decisions to make moves like that 214 00:10:02,000 --> 00:10:04,958 couldn't have been made by a nine to 12-year-old boy. 215 00:10:06,208 --> 00:10:08,125 - [Laurence] But as King Tut grows up, 216 00:10:08,125 --> 00:10:12,000 Brier believes there may have been a struggle for power. 217 00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:14,750 - Under Ay, Egypt gets its mojo back. 218 00:10:14,750 --> 00:10:18,833 What he says, as the king's chief advisor, is law. 219 00:10:18,833 --> 00:10:22,542 Brier thinks that perhaps Ay saw himself as the person 220 00:10:22,542 --> 00:10:24,875 who brought Egypt back on its feet 221 00:10:24,875 --> 00:10:28,708 and sees himself then also as the right man to be pharaoh. 222 00:10:29,958 --> 00:10:33,458 - But now King Tut's also starting to mature 223 00:10:33,458 --> 00:10:34,792 as a young king 224 00:10:35,875 --> 00:10:38,375 and perhaps, even making some decisions 225 00:10:38,375 --> 00:10:40,792 that go against the puppet master 226 00:10:40,792 --> 00:10:43,250 who had been controlling him for years. 227 00:10:43,250 --> 00:10:44,792 - History tends to show 228 00:10:44,792 --> 00:10:48,792 that when a young king starts thinking about stuff, 229 00:10:48,792 --> 00:10:52,708 the people who've been his regents start getting nervous. 230 00:10:52,708 --> 00:10:56,875 - Ay had just seen Tutankhamun's father destroy 231 00:10:56,875 --> 00:10:59,333 so many institutions that were so necessary for Egypt, 232 00:10:59,333 --> 00:11:03,500 and he's really possibly seeing this boy king going 233 00:11:03,500 --> 00:11:05,917 to repeat all of those mistakes. 234 00:11:05,917 --> 00:11:07,875 - [Laurence] Ay may have also sensed 235 00:11:07,875 --> 00:11:12,125 that this could be his last chance to take the throne. 236 00:11:12,125 --> 00:11:15,917 - The king and queen were trying to have children. 237 00:11:15,917 --> 00:11:17,542 - If Tutankhamun has an heir, 238 00:11:17,542 --> 00:11:19,417 it would absolutely end any chance 239 00:11:19,417 --> 00:11:22,292 that Ay has of becoming pharaoh because the child would 240 00:11:22,292 --> 00:11:24,917 now be the next in line for the throne. 241 00:11:24,917 --> 00:11:28,500 - If you're going to plan a murder, this is the time. 242 00:11:28,500 --> 00:11:31,458 - Brier speculates that Ay could have dispatched one 243 00:11:31,458 --> 00:11:33,042 of Tutankhamun's own attendants, 244 00:11:33,042 --> 00:11:34,875 the only persons with access 245 00:11:34,875 --> 00:11:37,208 to his private chambers or bedroom, 246 00:11:37,208 --> 00:11:41,500 to slip in there and possibly assassinate the king. 247 00:11:41,500 --> 00:11:43,042 He picks up a heavy weapon 248 00:11:43,042 --> 00:11:45,708 and he strikes a fatal blow at the back 249 00:11:45,708 --> 00:11:47,667 of the king's skull, killing him. 250 00:11:48,542 --> 00:11:50,125 - After Tutankhamun's death, 251 00:11:50,125 --> 00:11:54,042 Ay becomes king of Egypt and takes over the throne. 252 00:11:54,042 --> 00:11:56,542 One of the ways that he would've legitimized that claim 253 00:11:56,542 --> 00:12:00,250 to the throne was by marrying King Tutankhamun's half-sister 254 00:12:00,250 --> 00:12:01,458 who was his widow. 255 00:12:01,458 --> 00:12:03,167 - [Laurence] So is it possible 256 00:12:03,167 --> 00:12:06,042 that Ay actually had the young pharaoh killed 257 00:12:06,042 --> 00:12:09,625 to maintain his own power and control of Egypt? 258 00:12:09,625 --> 00:12:11,708 - We know that Tut died 259 00:12:11,708 --> 00:12:15,167 and that he died under mysterious circumstances. 260 00:12:15,167 --> 00:12:19,375 Is it natural causes? Was it an accident? 261 00:12:19,375 --> 00:12:21,917 And if none of those are working very well, 262 00:12:21,917 --> 00:12:23,417 we have to consider homicide. 263 00:12:27,542 --> 00:12:28,542 (dramatic music) 264 00:12:28,542 --> 00:12:31,000 - [Laurence] By 1324 BCE, 265 00:12:31,000 --> 00:12:33,375 19-year-old King Tut has been married for 10 years, 266 00:12:33,375 --> 00:12:38,208 but he remains childless and therefore vulnerable. 267 00:12:38,208 --> 00:12:39,375 - Tutankhamun has no 268 00:12:39,375 --> 00:12:40,875 living children in line 269 00:12:40,875 --> 00:12:42,375 to assume the throne if 270 00:12:42,375 --> 00:12:43,917 he were to suddenly die. 271 00:12:43,917 --> 00:12:46,875 That creates an opportunity for anyone in his inner circle 272 00:12:46,875 --> 00:12:48,708 to potentially murder him 273 00:12:48,708 --> 00:12:50,875 and assume the throne for himself. 274 00:12:52,375 --> 00:12:53,958 - [Laurence] Many speculate 275 00:12:53,958 --> 00:12:57,792 that Tut's alleged killer is Ay, his vizier and successor, 276 00:12:57,792 --> 00:13:00,792 but Ay is not the only suspect. 277 00:13:00,792 --> 00:13:02,750 - It's very common in history 278 00:13:04,125 --> 00:13:08,500 when there is any political turmoil, a coup takes place 279 00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:13,167 and the head of the military ends up being the king. 280 00:13:14,208 --> 00:13:17,667 During the last years of King Tut's reign, 281 00:13:17,667 --> 00:13:21,542 there's one person around the royal kingdom 282 00:13:21,542 --> 00:13:26,750 that actually has the strength, physically and mentally, 283 00:13:27,708 --> 00:13:30,000 and has the army in their hand. 284 00:13:30,000 --> 00:13:33,042 - That man is one of Tut's closest advisors. 285 00:13:33,042 --> 00:13:34,792 His commander in chief. 286 00:13:38,583 --> 00:13:40,833 - Horemheb is an army general 287 00:13:40,833 --> 00:13:43,250 and he first appears in history 288 00:13:43,250 --> 00:13:46,042 when he's appointed as regent for King Tut. 289 00:13:46,042 --> 00:13:47,125 Clearly he must have been 290 00:13:47,125 --> 00:13:48,500 somebody important prior to that 291 00:13:48,500 --> 00:13:49,625 to be given the job 292 00:13:49,625 --> 00:13:50,917 of running Egypt. 293 00:13:52,167 --> 00:13:54,458 - General Horemheb was not of royal blood. 294 00:13:54,458 --> 00:13:59,208 He's a normal citizen of Egypt that had become a soldier 295 00:13:59,208 --> 00:14:02,292 and had raised all the way to the protector of the king 296 00:14:02,292 --> 00:14:04,042 and proved himself. 297 00:14:04,042 --> 00:14:06,542 So he was nearly operating everything 298 00:14:06,542 --> 00:14:08,000 from behind the scenes. 299 00:14:08,833 --> 00:14:11,042 He was there for Ay. 300 00:14:11,042 --> 00:14:14,708 Ay was always calling him 301 00:14:14,708 --> 00:14:16,792 his right hand man, 302 00:14:16,792 --> 00:14:18,417 but in all truth, 303 00:14:18,417 --> 00:14:22,417 it seems like he was the one in charge all along. 304 00:14:23,833 --> 00:14:25,042 - [Laurence] Despite having two 305 00:14:25,042 --> 00:14:27,375 of the most powerful jobs in Egypt, 306 00:14:27,375 --> 00:14:30,833 some allege that Tut's regent and top general is worried 307 00:14:30,833 --> 00:14:32,042 about losing his grip 308 00:14:32,042 --> 00:14:35,042 on the teenage pharaoh and his kingdom. 309 00:14:35,042 --> 00:14:38,083 - As King Tutankhamun started to grow up 310 00:14:38,083 --> 00:14:40,042 and become a man himself, 311 00:14:40,042 --> 00:14:42,208 it's possible that Horemheb sensed 312 00:14:42,208 --> 00:14:44,042 that perhaps Tutankhamun was ready 313 00:14:44,042 --> 00:14:46,458 to start making his own decisions. 314 00:14:46,458 --> 00:14:48,000 - There's no point of having a regent 315 00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:49,625 when the king's an adult. 316 00:14:49,625 --> 00:14:53,208 So Horemheb might resent that. 317 00:14:53,208 --> 00:14:55,750 - And this perhaps was a motive for Horemheb 318 00:14:55,750 --> 00:14:57,583 to seize power for himself. 319 00:14:58,833 --> 00:15:00,792 - [Laurence] Horemheb may have concerns 320 00:15:00,792 --> 00:15:03,375 about Tut's physical weaknesses. 321 00:15:03,375 --> 00:15:06,375 Ancient Egyptians see their pharaohs as the embodiment 322 00:15:06,375 --> 00:15:10,667 of the gods on earth, strong and powerful rulers. 323 00:15:10,667 --> 00:15:12,917 Based on his mummified remains, 324 00:15:12,917 --> 00:15:15,792 Tut does not live up to that image. 325 00:15:15,792 --> 00:15:17,542 - There are a lot of indications 326 00:15:17,542 --> 00:15:19,458 that Tutankhamun was frail, 327 00:15:19,458 --> 00:15:21,375 that he was weak and that he was sick. 328 00:15:21,375 --> 00:15:25,500 - Medical examination of the body of King Tut has shown 329 00:15:25,500 --> 00:15:27,417 that he was quite infirm, 330 00:15:27,417 --> 00:15:29,208 probably since birth. 331 00:15:29,208 --> 00:15:32,167 - The scans of his bones show evidence of a clubbed foot. 332 00:15:32,167 --> 00:15:34,833 He had a lot of walking canes in his tomb. 333 00:15:34,833 --> 00:15:35,917 Even though walking canes were 334 00:15:35,917 --> 00:15:39,542 also a sign of elevation and distinction, 335 00:15:39,542 --> 00:15:42,083 there were so many that it's hard to imagine 336 00:15:42,083 --> 00:15:44,792 that he didn't also need them for mobility. 337 00:15:44,792 --> 00:15:46,208 - But the king of Egypt 338 00:15:46,208 --> 00:15:49,542 at this point, leads his troops into battle, 339 00:15:49,542 --> 00:15:52,417 fights in the front lines on his chariot. 340 00:15:52,417 --> 00:15:54,208 - I don't believe for a moment that this kid 341 00:15:54,208 --> 00:15:57,208 that had a clubfoot and physical ailments 342 00:15:57,208 --> 00:15:59,000 could be out there racing 343 00:15:59,000 --> 00:16:01,250 across the desert on a chariot, 344 00:16:01,250 --> 00:16:04,333 flinging arrows from his bow. 345 00:16:04,333 --> 00:16:07,333 It's important to let your potential enemies know 346 00:16:08,625 --> 00:16:12,000 that this guy that's leading us is ready for battle 347 00:16:12,000 --> 00:16:15,333 and he'll make sure Egypt remains in charge. 348 00:16:15,333 --> 00:16:17,208 Knowing that other governments would look 349 00:16:17,208 --> 00:16:19,542 at a leader who's frail 350 00:16:19,542 --> 00:16:23,208 as potentially an example that the country is frail, 351 00:16:23,208 --> 00:16:26,958 Horemheb potentially could be responsible for murder. 352 00:16:28,000 --> 00:16:29,708 - It wouldn't have just been his ill will 353 00:16:29,708 --> 00:16:31,750 towards Tutankhamun himself, 354 00:16:31,750 --> 00:16:33,583 but a belief and a fear 355 00:16:33,583 --> 00:16:36,750 that this can really leave us vulnerable to our enemies. 356 00:16:36,750 --> 00:16:40,042 - [Laurence] A clue found after Horemheb's death reveals 357 00:16:40,042 --> 00:16:41,958 another possible motive. 358 00:16:41,958 --> 00:16:44,542 - Horemheb's tomb contains inscriptions 359 00:16:44,542 --> 00:16:46,167 that show in hieroglyphics 360 00:16:46,167 --> 00:16:49,583 that he had been appointed by Tutankhamun as the iry-pat. 361 00:16:49,583 --> 00:16:52,792 The iry-pat is a title of legal inheritance. 362 00:16:52,792 --> 00:16:56,583 It's essentially an equivalent to our modern crown prince. 363 00:16:56,792 --> 00:16:59,500 - King Tut, according to Horemheb, 364 00:17:00,708 --> 00:17:02,917 adopts Horemheb the general, 365 00:17:02,917 --> 00:17:05,792 and names him the hereditary prince, 366 00:17:05,792 --> 00:17:08,125 the next in line for the throne. 367 00:17:08,125 --> 00:17:09,917 - [Laurence] But there are no guarantees 368 00:17:09,917 --> 00:17:13,542 that King Tut will make good on that line of succession. 369 00:17:13,542 --> 00:17:14,792 - Horemheb's appointment 370 00:17:14,792 --> 00:17:16,875 as crown prince is effectively going 371 00:17:16,875 --> 00:17:20,917 to be null and void the moment that Tutankhamun has an heir. 372 00:17:20,917 --> 00:17:22,208 And we know from the presence 373 00:17:22,208 --> 00:17:25,208 of two stillborn mummies in King Tut's tomb 374 00:17:25,208 --> 00:17:27,542 that he is trying to have children at this time. 375 00:17:28,917 --> 00:17:31,417 - [Laurence] If Tut's general has designs on the throne, 376 00:17:31,417 --> 00:17:35,208 he must act before Tut's heir is born. 377 00:17:35,208 --> 00:17:39,250 - Horemheb would definitely have had guards in the palace. 378 00:17:39,250 --> 00:17:42,333 - This would've allowed Horemheb to just give the order 379 00:17:42,333 --> 00:17:47,083 to murder the king and send off some palace guard to go 380 00:17:47,083 --> 00:17:49,250 and kill Tutankhamun in his sleep. 381 00:17:50,375 --> 00:17:52,000 - [Laurence] But if Horemheb is the killer, 382 00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:55,208 why did Ay succeed Tut on the throne? 383 00:17:55,208 --> 00:17:59,500 - Because Ay is in his 60s and near the end of his life. 384 00:17:59,500 --> 00:18:01,333 It's possible that they struck up a deal. 385 00:18:01,333 --> 00:18:03,875 Essentially, Ay would take over the role of pharaoh 386 00:18:03,875 --> 00:18:05,708 for a brief period of time 387 00:18:05,708 --> 00:18:09,875 after which point Horemheb would become king, 388 00:18:09,875 --> 00:18:12,333 and that is exactly what happened. 389 00:18:12,333 --> 00:18:14,125 - To see both of them take power 390 00:18:14,125 --> 00:18:16,667 after the demise of this 391 00:18:16,667 --> 00:18:19,250 18th dynasty royal family, 392 00:18:19,250 --> 00:18:21,042 it does put the spotlight on them. 393 00:18:22,375 --> 00:18:25,375 - [Laurence] Ay dies after just four years in power 394 00:18:25,375 --> 00:18:28,542 and Horemheb takes over as pharaoh. 395 00:18:28,542 --> 00:18:31,667 - No one knows precisely how long Horemheb is pharaoh, 396 00:18:31,667 --> 00:18:35,625 but some evidence suggests that he was pharaoh for 25 years. 397 00:18:37,042 --> 00:18:39,542 - [Laurence] As Horemheb builds his own legacy, 398 00:18:39,542 --> 00:18:43,292 he also tears down evidence of the past. 399 00:18:43,292 --> 00:18:47,292 - Once he's pharaoh, Horemheb erases any record 400 00:18:47,292 --> 00:18:50,333 of Akhenaten, Tutankhamun or Ay 401 00:18:50,333 --> 00:18:52,375 from historical records, documents, 402 00:18:52,375 --> 00:18:54,500 and inscriptions across Egypt. 403 00:18:54,500 --> 00:18:57,500 He wants to make it as if they've never existed. 404 00:18:57,500 --> 00:19:02,500 - Horemheb either wanted to make sure Egypt never looks weak 405 00:19:03,250 --> 00:19:04,833 for the future generations, 406 00:19:04,833 --> 00:19:08,708 or he wanted to make sure he erases all the evidence 407 00:19:08,708 --> 00:19:11,875 that puts him in as the main suspect 408 00:19:11,875 --> 00:19:13,708 of the death of King Tut. 409 00:19:17,792 --> 00:19:19,500 (dramatic music) 410 00:19:19,500 --> 00:19:21,542 - [Laurence] Without children to succeed him, King Tut 411 00:19:21,542 --> 00:19:24,167 is vulnerable to enemies who want the throne for themselves. 412 00:19:24,167 --> 00:19:25,375 But perhaps the motive 413 00:19:25,375 --> 00:19:28,042 behind his alleged murder is less political 414 00:19:28,042 --> 00:19:29,125 and more personal. 415 00:19:30,125 --> 00:19:31,875 - In any homicide investigation, 416 00:19:31,875 --> 00:19:32,958 one of the first persons 417 00:19:32,958 --> 00:19:33,875 you're gonna look at 418 00:19:33,875 --> 00:19:36,292 is the spouse of a victim. 419 00:19:36,292 --> 00:19:39,042 You never know what happens behind closed doors 420 00:19:39,042 --> 00:19:40,958 in a husband and wife's relationship, 421 00:19:40,958 --> 00:19:43,792 and that would've been just as much true 3,000 years ago, 422 00:19:45,208 --> 00:19:47,375 - [Laurence] Young King Tut and his royal wife 423 00:19:47,375 --> 00:19:50,542 were both children of the previous pharaoh, Akhenaten. 424 00:19:51,625 --> 00:19:53,625 - It was very common for the ancient Egyptians, 425 00:19:53,625 --> 00:19:57,500 at least the royalty, to marry within the family 426 00:19:57,500 --> 00:19:59,833 in order to kind of keep the bloodline pure 427 00:19:59,833 --> 00:20:02,583 and keep things closer to home, let's say. 428 00:20:02,583 --> 00:20:04,000 There's a number of depictions 429 00:20:04,000 --> 00:20:06,250 from the tomb of Tutankhamun that suggest 430 00:20:06,250 --> 00:20:10,667 that King Tutankhamun had a loving and devoted wife 431 00:20:10,667 --> 00:20:12,000 in his half sister. 432 00:20:12,208 --> 00:20:13,958 - There were these scenes 433 00:20:13,958 --> 00:20:15,792 of romantic relationship 434 00:20:15,917 --> 00:20:17,958 between Ankhesenamun and Tut 435 00:20:17,958 --> 00:20:20,208 that suggested this is a couple 436 00:20:20,208 --> 00:20:22,542 that truly loved each other. 437 00:20:22,542 --> 00:20:25,208 - But things aren't often always as they seem. 438 00:20:25,583 --> 00:20:28,583 (dramatic music) 439 00:20:28,583 --> 00:20:30,083 - There are lots of engravings 440 00:20:30,083 --> 00:20:32,042 and depictions of Tutankhamun 441 00:20:32,042 --> 00:20:33,917 and Ankhesenamun together. 442 00:20:33,917 --> 00:20:35,375 One in particular, 443 00:20:35,375 --> 00:20:37,792 she's putting a very sacred collar around his neck. 444 00:20:37,792 --> 00:20:40,667 He's pouring water into her cupped hands. 445 00:20:40,667 --> 00:20:42,333 - Then they're in a hunting scene 446 00:20:42,333 --> 00:20:46,292 where King Tut is sitting down discharging arrows 447 00:20:46,292 --> 00:20:49,167 with Ankhesenamun kneeling beside him, 448 00:20:49,167 --> 00:20:51,000 handing them the arrows. 449 00:20:51,000 --> 00:20:52,375 - Which just seems to indicate 450 00:20:52,375 --> 00:20:54,625 that they were fulfilling the roles 451 00:20:54,625 --> 00:20:56,333 that they were expected to fill. 452 00:20:57,542 --> 00:20:59,542 - [Laurence] But if the royal couple is happy, 453 00:20:59,542 --> 00:21:02,708 why would the young queen have her husband killed? 454 00:21:02,708 --> 00:21:06,208 The answer may lie in King Tut's tomb. 455 00:21:06,208 --> 00:21:08,417 - The saddest discovery that was made 456 00:21:08,417 --> 00:21:11,083 in Tutankhamun's tomb was the mummified remains 457 00:21:11,083 --> 00:21:12,917 of two stillborn children. 458 00:21:12,917 --> 00:21:14,333 - Two stillborn girls, 459 00:21:14,333 --> 00:21:16,042 one is about seven months, 460 00:21:16,042 --> 00:21:17,875 one is nearer nine months. 461 00:21:17,875 --> 00:21:21,667 And there is no textual evidence for any other children. 462 00:21:21,667 --> 00:21:24,708 - This would indicate that there was an attempt 463 00:21:24,708 --> 00:21:28,625 to deliver an heir, but that it had not yet happened. 464 00:21:30,042 --> 00:21:33,542 - Tutankhamun could have kids with all kinds of other women. 465 00:21:33,542 --> 00:21:35,583 He's got a harem. This is not a problem. 466 00:21:35,583 --> 00:21:40,625 It's Ankhesenamun who needs the baby to come from her womb 467 00:21:41,875 --> 00:21:45,750 such that she can maneuver a path to power. 468 00:21:47,083 --> 00:21:48,833 - Trying multiple times to produce an heir to the throne 469 00:21:48,833 --> 00:21:52,542 and being unsuccessful in that could have potentially led 470 00:21:52,542 --> 00:21:56,208 to some resentment or some concern, perhaps, 471 00:21:56,208 --> 00:21:57,958 on part of the young queen. 472 00:21:59,500 --> 00:22:01,958 - [Laurence] If true, some suggest the queen's resentment 473 00:22:01,958 --> 00:22:04,708 may have led her to homicide. 474 00:22:04,708 --> 00:22:07,083 - Ankhesenamun was royal herself 475 00:22:07,083 --> 00:22:10,125 and would've had a lot of reason 476 00:22:10,125 --> 00:22:11,708 to want to preserve her royal line, 477 00:22:11,708 --> 00:22:14,583 and if she is looking at the possibility 478 00:22:14,583 --> 00:22:17,500 that this king is not going to do that for her, 479 00:22:17,500 --> 00:22:20,375 it could have been a devastating prospect for her. 480 00:22:20,375 --> 00:22:22,833 - Perhaps this young queen realized 481 00:22:22,833 --> 00:22:26,375 that once her husband was no longer in the picture, 482 00:22:26,375 --> 00:22:28,250 this could allow her to have the chance 483 00:22:28,250 --> 00:22:30,500 to successfully produce an heir 484 00:22:30,500 --> 00:22:32,292 to take over the throne of Egypt. 485 00:22:33,375 --> 00:22:35,083 - To achieve that the young queen plots 486 00:22:35,083 --> 00:22:37,375 to avoid a likely next step, 487 00:22:37,375 --> 00:22:41,125 marriage to her own grandfather, Ay. 488 00:22:41,125 --> 00:22:46,333 - We found letters that were sent from the Egyptian queen 489 00:22:47,750 --> 00:22:50,750 to the king of the Hittites right after King Tut's death. 490 00:22:50,750 --> 00:22:54,708 - And she tells him that, "My husband has died. 491 00:22:54,708 --> 00:22:59,042 A son I have not, but you have many sons. 492 00:22:59,042 --> 00:23:01,083 Give me one of your sons. 493 00:23:01,083 --> 00:23:06,083 To me he will be husband. In Egypt, he shall be king." 494 00:23:07,333 --> 00:23:08,667 - She's trying to control the narrative 495 00:23:08,667 --> 00:23:12,750 by choosing who is going to be her husband, 496 00:23:12,750 --> 00:23:14,833 a foreigner who doesn't speak a word of Egyptian 497 00:23:14,833 --> 00:23:18,250 and therefore she will be the person in power. 498 00:23:18,250 --> 00:23:20,708 If she marries anybody else, 499 00:23:20,708 --> 00:23:22,542 she's not gonna be in that position. 500 00:23:22,542 --> 00:23:25,708 - The king sent his prince son, 501 00:23:25,708 --> 00:23:29,042 but someone found those letters. 502 00:23:29,042 --> 00:23:32,542 - Some scholars believe that Ay learns of the queen's plan 503 00:23:32,542 --> 00:23:34,917 and has the Hittite prince killed. 504 00:23:35,875 --> 00:23:38,833 - And then Ay married the queen himself, 505 00:23:38,833 --> 00:23:43,083 her own grandfather, probably by force, 506 00:23:43,083 --> 00:23:45,167 and he legitimized himself 507 00:23:45,167 --> 00:23:46,917 to become the next king of Egypt. 508 00:23:48,292 --> 00:23:49,667 - [Laurence] But while a killer queen 509 00:23:49,667 --> 00:23:51,792 is a compelling scenario, 510 00:23:51,792 --> 00:23:54,458 some historians question whether Tut's wife had the motive 511 00:23:54,458 --> 00:23:56,708 to murder her husband. 512 00:23:56,708 --> 00:24:00,417 - It serves her to have Tutankhamun there on the throne, 513 00:24:00,417 --> 00:24:03,583 for her to rule through. 514 00:24:03,583 --> 00:24:06,542 - Ankhesenamun's desperate letter to the Hittites suggested 515 00:24:06,542 --> 00:24:07,875 that everything that happened 516 00:24:07,875 --> 00:24:10,500 after Tutankhamun's death was bad for her. 517 00:24:10,500 --> 00:24:12,583 - By writing to the king of the Hittites, 518 00:24:12,583 --> 00:24:15,875 she chooses what, probably, Egyptians regard as treason, 519 00:24:15,875 --> 00:24:17,625 and I suspect that may have ended 520 00:24:17,625 --> 00:24:19,875 either her freedom or her life. 521 00:24:19,875 --> 00:24:24,083 - Ay is now king and we hear no more of Ankhesenamun. 522 00:24:25,542 --> 00:24:29,375 - Her name and images from history were erased. 523 00:24:29,375 --> 00:24:30,833 After that, we never saw her again. 524 00:24:34,708 --> 00:24:37,208 - X-rays of King Tut skull taken in 1968 525 00:24:37,208 --> 00:24:40,625 lead some researchers to suspect that a murderous blow 526 00:24:40,625 --> 00:24:43,083 to the back of his head ended the life 527 00:24:43,083 --> 00:24:45,208 of the 19-year-old pharaoh. 528 00:24:45,208 --> 00:24:48,542 More than three decades later, new technology seems 529 00:24:48,542 --> 00:24:52,583 to suggest another cause of King Tut's death. 530 00:24:53,875 --> 00:24:58,208 In 2005, King Tut's mummy is removed from his tomb 531 00:24:58,208 --> 00:25:00,250 for a CAT scan. 532 00:25:00,250 --> 00:25:03,917 - Zahi Hawass and his Egyptian team removed the king's body 533 00:25:03,917 --> 00:25:07,000 from his tomb in the Valley of the Kings 534 00:25:07,000 --> 00:25:11,292 where it had been resting since Carter's discovery in 1922 535 00:25:11,292 --> 00:25:16,458 and they decide to CT scan the king's body to see 536 00:25:17,417 --> 00:25:18,417 what more information can they learn 537 00:25:18,417 --> 00:25:19,875 about the young king's health 538 00:25:19,875 --> 00:25:22,833 and potentially how he even died. 539 00:25:22,833 --> 00:25:25,417 - A CT scan is much more detailed than an x-ray. 540 00:25:25,417 --> 00:25:28,708 An x-ray really does just show you the bones, 541 00:25:28,708 --> 00:25:30,042 but a CT scan gives you 542 00:25:30,042 --> 00:25:32,667 a much greater granularity of detail. 543 00:25:32,667 --> 00:25:36,125 It shows you other tissues, organs, 544 00:25:36,125 --> 00:25:37,625 and sometimes blood vessels. 545 00:25:39,042 --> 00:25:41,792 - [Laurence] Hawass's team scans 1,700 images, 546 00:25:41,792 --> 00:25:45,167 leading to a brand new theory on the death of King Tut. 547 00:25:46,500 --> 00:25:48,708 - They find two skull fragments, 548 00:25:48,708 --> 00:25:51,583 and these are the same skull fragments that they found 549 00:25:51,583 --> 00:25:54,542 when the initial x-rays were done of King Tut's skull. 550 00:25:54,542 --> 00:25:58,792 - The early examination opened a Pandora's box 551 00:25:58,792 --> 00:26:03,417 about the king being hit over the head and being murdered. 552 00:26:03,417 --> 00:26:05,083 - But aside from these two bone fragments, 553 00:26:05,083 --> 00:26:08,750 they can't see evidence of a fracture of his skull, 554 00:26:08,750 --> 00:26:11,167 and so ultimately they conclude that King Tut 555 00:26:11,167 --> 00:26:14,250 probably didn't die from a blow to the head, 556 00:26:14,250 --> 00:26:15,542 but that the two skull fractures 557 00:26:15,542 --> 00:26:17,083 are probably from something else. 558 00:26:18,417 --> 00:26:20,875 - They specifically pointed 559 00:26:20,875 --> 00:26:23,542 that this was more likely 560 00:26:24,542 --> 00:26:28,042 an injury to the skull after death. 561 00:26:28,042 --> 00:26:30,042 - During the mummification process, 562 00:26:30,042 --> 00:26:32,333 they're trying to remove the brain 563 00:26:32,333 --> 00:26:35,000 from the person being embalmed, 564 00:26:35,000 --> 00:26:37,708 so, some skull fragments easily could have been dislocated 565 00:26:37,708 --> 00:26:39,667 in that sort of a procedure. 566 00:26:39,667 --> 00:26:41,917 - There's also always the possibility too, 567 00:26:41,917 --> 00:26:45,500 that in the rough handling of the king's mummy 568 00:26:45,500 --> 00:26:48,875 by Howard Carter and his team in the 1920s, 569 00:26:48,875 --> 00:26:51,042 that some of these bone fragments could have 570 00:26:51,042 --> 00:26:54,250 also been dislodged from the skull at that time. 571 00:26:55,542 --> 00:26:57,042 - [Laurence] But the CT scan reveals 572 00:26:57,042 --> 00:27:01,542 that Tut did sustain a major injury before he died. 573 00:27:01,542 --> 00:27:03,792 - King Tut has a femoral fracture, 574 00:27:03,792 --> 00:27:06,542 which is essentially a break in your thigh bone, 575 00:27:06,542 --> 00:27:07,917 and it suggested 576 00:27:07,917 --> 00:27:09,917 that he might have had this fracture right 577 00:27:09,917 --> 00:27:11,958 before the time of his death. 578 00:27:11,958 --> 00:27:14,375 - The leg fracture that we see in the CT scan 579 00:27:14,375 --> 00:27:17,208 did not heal before he died. 580 00:27:17,208 --> 00:27:18,750 - A femur fracture, 581 00:27:18,750 --> 00:27:21,125 especially one that might have broken through the skin, 582 00:27:21,125 --> 00:27:24,458 places someone at risk for an infection, sepsis. 583 00:27:24,458 --> 00:27:26,875 Even in modern day society, 584 00:27:26,875 --> 00:27:29,875 when someone develops sepsis and septic shock, 585 00:27:29,875 --> 00:27:32,500 that is a really big deal. 586 00:27:32,500 --> 00:27:33,875 - [Laurence] Sepsis is a toxic 587 00:27:33,875 --> 00:27:37,000 and overwhelming immune system response to infection 588 00:27:37,000 --> 00:27:40,500 that can cause profound tissue and organ damage. 589 00:27:40,500 --> 00:27:44,708 - Back in the time of King Tut sepsis is a death sentence. 590 00:27:48,583 --> 00:27:50,083 - One of the ways 591 00:27:50,083 --> 00:27:51,708 that Tutankhamun could have fractured his leg was 592 00:27:51,708 --> 00:27:53,542 in one of the high- risk activities 593 00:27:53,542 --> 00:27:55,750 that we know all pharaohs participated in, 594 00:27:55,750 --> 00:27:57,292 which was hunting. 595 00:27:57,292 --> 00:28:00,917 As a king, Tutankhamun would have participated in a lot 596 00:28:00,917 --> 00:28:03,458 of big game hunting expeditions, 597 00:28:03,458 --> 00:28:05,750 which are inherently dangerous. 598 00:28:05,750 --> 00:28:08,208 - Another thing that's found in the tomb is a sculpture 599 00:28:08,208 --> 00:28:12,375 of the king mounted on a reed boat holding a spear, 600 00:28:12,375 --> 00:28:16,292 in a marsh, hunting an animal that might be a hippo. 601 00:28:17,250 --> 00:28:19,208 - [Laurence] Egyptians hunted hippos 602 00:28:19,208 --> 00:28:22,958 for thousands of years before and after Tut's time. 603 00:28:22,958 --> 00:28:26,042 For the pharaoh himself to hunt such a large wild animal 604 00:28:26,042 --> 00:28:29,042 was a ritual display of strength and courage. 605 00:28:30,167 --> 00:28:33,125 - Hippos are actually an incredibly territorial, 606 00:28:33,125 --> 00:28:37,208 very aggressive, deadly land animal. 607 00:28:37,208 --> 00:28:41,250 They still kill over 500 people a year in Africa. 608 00:28:41,250 --> 00:28:45,958 And it would've been a huge accomplishment to kill one. 609 00:28:45,958 --> 00:28:49,542 It was why they were such a valued thing to have as a trophy 610 00:28:49,542 --> 00:28:54,708 and why hunting hippos in Egypt was such a ceremonial event. 611 00:28:55,708 --> 00:28:57,958 If Tutankhamun fractured his leg 612 00:28:57,958 --> 00:29:00,375 as the result of a hippo attack, 613 00:29:00,375 --> 00:29:02,750 it is very likely that that could have gotten infected 614 00:29:02,750 --> 00:29:04,375 and ultimately led to his death. 615 00:29:05,833 --> 00:29:07,875 - [Laurence] But is it possible a different kind 616 00:29:07,875 --> 00:29:10,208 of accident ended young Tut's life? 617 00:29:10,208 --> 00:29:13,875 In 2013, a group of forensic scientists, 618 00:29:13,875 --> 00:29:16,167 led by Dr. Chris Naunton, 619 00:29:16,167 --> 00:29:21,000 examined the CT scans originally done by Zahi Hawass. 620 00:29:21,000 --> 00:29:24,583 - They perform, essentially, a virtual autopsy. 621 00:29:24,583 --> 00:29:27,000 Dr. Naunton and his team find not only 622 00:29:27,000 --> 00:29:29,833 that Tut just had that fractured femur, 623 00:29:29,833 --> 00:29:32,000 but that he had a smashed rib cage. 624 00:29:32,000 --> 00:29:34,375 His pelvis was shattered, 625 00:29:34,375 --> 00:29:35,917 and he probably also endured 626 00:29:35,917 --> 00:29:39,000 some internal bleeding and damage. 627 00:29:39,000 --> 00:29:42,833 - The interesting part about all his findings is 628 00:29:42,833 --> 00:29:47,417 that the rib damage and the pelvis damage, 629 00:29:47,417 --> 00:29:49,542 including the internal organs, 630 00:29:49,542 --> 00:29:52,875 all were on one side of the body. 631 00:29:52,875 --> 00:29:54,292 - He came to the conclusion 632 00:29:54,292 --> 00:29:56,458 that these injuries weren't the result 633 00:29:56,458 --> 00:30:00,542 of an attack by a hippo, but of some other kind of accident 634 00:30:00,542 --> 00:30:02,375 from a different kind of pastime 635 00:30:02,375 --> 00:30:03,917 that the king would've done. 636 00:30:03,917 --> 00:30:06,125 - Which he theorized and said, 637 00:30:06,125 --> 00:30:11,042 "If this was an autopsy of a dead person today, 638 00:30:12,083 --> 00:30:14,042 I would say this is an obvious car crash." 639 00:30:14,042 --> 00:30:17,875 And he theorized it could have been a chariot crash. 640 00:30:18,208 --> 00:30:21,250 (dramatic music) 641 00:30:21,250 --> 00:30:24,042 - Dr. Naunton and his team run a simulation. 642 00:30:24,042 --> 00:30:26,542 They take all the injuries that King Tut has, 643 00:30:26,542 --> 00:30:29,833 and they compare it to what happens 644 00:30:29,833 --> 00:30:32,292 to individuals in car crashes 645 00:30:32,292 --> 00:30:35,417 to try to figure out what might have happened. 646 00:30:35,417 --> 00:30:37,542 - [Laurence] But when the analysis comes back, 647 00:30:37,542 --> 00:30:41,542 Dr. Naunton and his team are in for a surprise. 648 00:30:41,542 --> 00:30:45,167 - The recreations revealed that it was highly unlikely 649 00:30:45,167 --> 00:30:47,375 that Tutankhamun fell out of his chariot. 650 00:30:47,375 --> 00:30:49,833 Chariots were actually very stable. 651 00:30:49,833 --> 00:30:52,083 So the theory is that instead 652 00:30:52,083 --> 00:30:55,333 of being thrown from the chariot, 653 00:30:55,333 --> 00:30:58,542 he may have been kneeling down, fixing something, 654 00:30:58,542 --> 00:30:59,875 doing something else, 655 00:30:59,875 --> 00:31:02,583 and then was struck by another chariot. 656 00:31:02,583 --> 00:31:04,250 - Dr. Naunton's theory is that 657 00:31:04,250 --> 00:31:06,833 because of how the injuries were 658 00:31:06,833 --> 00:31:08,792 on just one side of the body, 659 00:31:08,792 --> 00:31:11,542 the only explanation he could come up with is 660 00:31:11,542 --> 00:31:15,917 that King Tut would've been kneeling on the ground 661 00:31:15,917 --> 00:31:19,458 while at the same time getting hit by a chariot 662 00:31:19,458 --> 00:31:21,375 to one side of his body. 663 00:31:21,375 --> 00:31:24,917 - [Laurence] But some scholars question this scenario. 664 00:31:24,917 --> 00:31:28,208 - There's no reason King Tut would be kneeling 665 00:31:28,208 --> 00:31:29,708 on the ground. 666 00:31:29,708 --> 00:31:32,958 He is the king. People kneel to the king. 667 00:31:36,792 --> 00:31:38,375 (mysterious music) 668 00:31:38,375 --> 00:31:40,708 - [Laurence] In 2010, researchers launched a new study 669 00:31:40,708 --> 00:31:43,625 into the life and death of King Tut, 670 00:31:43,625 --> 00:31:46,833 hoping answers might lie within Tut's genetic code. 671 00:31:46,833 --> 00:31:49,250 - Five years after the CT scans are performed, 672 00:31:50,708 --> 00:31:53,333 Dr. Hawass teams up with paleo geneticist Carsten Pusch 673 00:31:53,333 --> 00:31:57,625 to examine the DNA, both of King Tut and 10 other mummies. 674 00:31:58,917 --> 00:32:02,375 - They specifically focused on the family 675 00:32:02,375 --> 00:32:06,667 of the 18th dynasty where King Tut was, 676 00:32:06,667 --> 00:32:10,750 Akhenaten was, Akhenaten's father was, the whole lineage. 677 00:32:10,750 --> 00:32:14,375 - It was the first time that there had ever been a DNA test 678 00:32:14,375 --> 00:32:17,958 done on mummies and historians and scientists were shocked 679 00:32:17,958 --> 00:32:22,042 to find how well preserved the DNA was. 680 00:32:22,042 --> 00:32:24,250 - The reason they look at this DNA is they want to see 681 00:32:24,250 --> 00:32:28,083 what relationship King Tut had to these other members 682 00:32:28,083 --> 00:32:30,958 of the royal family, but also to delineate the diseases 683 00:32:30,958 --> 00:32:32,583 that they suffered from 684 00:32:32,583 --> 00:32:33,958 and also whether these diseases 685 00:32:33,958 --> 00:32:35,917 could have caused their deaths. 686 00:32:37,333 --> 00:32:40,333 - [Laurence] The DNA study reveals stunning new information 687 00:32:40,333 --> 00:32:41,667 about King Tut. 688 00:32:41,667 --> 00:32:45,417 - We knew that Tutankhamun's father was Akhenaten, 689 00:32:45,417 --> 00:32:47,833 but nobody knew who his mother was. 690 00:32:47,833 --> 00:32:49,250 It had been believed 691 00:32:49,250 --> 00:32:52,708 that King Tut's mother had been Nefertiti. 692 00:32:52,708 --> 00:32:54,375 That was the consort of his father, 693 00:32:54,375 --> 00:32:57,917 but the DNA test proved that it wasn't her, 694 00:32:57,917 --> 00:32:59,583 it was someone else. 695 00:32:59,583 --> 00:33:01,708 - His mother was actually the 696 00:33:01,958 --> 00:33:04,208 full sister of his father. 697 00:33:06,083 --> 00:33:07,500 (dramatic suspenseful music) 698 00:33:07,500 --> 00:33:10,208 - Incest and intermarrying ends up resulting 699 00:33:10,208 --> 00:33:13,583 in many gene problems and birth defects. 700 00:33:13,583 --> 00:33:17,542 Some scholars believe that the cause of death 701 00:33:17,542 --> 00:33:20,958 to King Tut was actually inbreeding. 702 00:33:21,958 --> 00:33:24,042 - We all have recessive genes. 703 00:33:24,042 --> 00:33:27,875 We all have expressions of disease 704 00:33:27,875 --> 00:33:29,583 that are in our bodies. 705 00:33:29,583 --> 00:33:33,500 If we marry somebody who has different recessive genes 706 00:33:33,500 --> 00:33:36,042 and different disease possibilities in their bodies, 707 00:33:36,042 --> 00:33:38,542 we have less likelihood of producing offspring 708 00:33:38,542 --> 00:33:41,208 with those medical issues. 709 00:33:41,208 --> 00:33:44,292 This is why you don't have children with a cousin. 710 00:33:44,292 --> 00:33:48,333 There are all kinds of congenital birth defects 711 00:33:48,333 --> 00:33:52,125 that will occur in the offspring of parents 712 00:33:52,125 --> 00:33:53,792 who are too closely related. 713 00:33:53,792 --> 00:33:57,292 The fact that Tutankhamun has two stillborn children 714 00:33:57,292 --> 00:34:01,292 in his tomb suggests that the more you continue 715 00:34:01,292 --> 00:34:03,250 this kind of inbreeding, 716 00:34:03,250 --> 00:34:05,375 the problems are only going to get worse. 717 00:34:06,542 --> 00:34:10,458 - Is it possible that the sharing of these recessive genes 718 00:34:10,458 --> 00:34:13,375 through close sibling marriage led 719 00:34:13,375 --> 00:34:16,458 to these children not being able to survive to term, 720 00:34:16,458 --> 00:34:20,292 and was it also a ticking time bomb for the pharaoh himself? 721 00:34:20,292 --> 00:34:23,208 - We know from the different CT scans and x-rays 722 00:34:23,208 --> 00:34:26,042 of the king's mummy that he had a cleft palate, 723 00:34:26,042 --> 00:34:28,292 a curved spine, different ailments 724 00:34:28,292 --> 00:34:30,750 that would've caused him a lot of pain during his life. 725 00:34:30,750 --> 00:34:34,375 - People have concluded that his upper vertebrae were fused 726 00:34:34,375 --> 00:34:36,083 and that he had a club foot. 727 00:34:37,375 --> 00:34:38,500 - [Laurence] Some researchers suggested many 728 00:34:38,500 --> 00:34:40,583 of these ailments could be symptoms 729 00:34:40,583 --> 00:34:44,375 of a condition called Marfan syndrome. 730 00:34:44,375 --> 00:34:46,917 - Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder 731 00:34:46,917 --> 00:34:48,625 that affects connective tissues 732 00:34:48,625 --> 00:34:50,875 and the organs which support the body. 733 00:34:50,875 --> 00:34:54,375 - Some of the features of Marfan syndrome can be lethal. 734 00:34:54,375 --> 00:34:56,292 Specifically, if you develop what's called an 735 00:34:56,292 --> 00:35:00,625 aortic aneurysm, you could die from that. 736 00:35:00,625 --> 00:35:01,875 (dramatic music) 737 00:35:01,875 --> 00:35:03,667 - [Laurence] But the 2010 DNA tests 738 00:35:03,667 --> 00:35:06,875 conclusively rule out Marfan syndrome. 739 00:35:06,875 --> 00:35:09,167 Instead, researchers find evidence 740 00:35:09,167 --> 00:35:12,458 that suggests King Tut suffered from a condition known 741 00:35:12,458 --> 00:35:16,750 as Freiberg's disease, which causes blood loss to the feet. 742 00:35:16,750 --> 00:35:20,375 - A temporary or a permanent blockage of the blood flow 743 00:35:20,375 --> 00:35:23,250 to the bones of the foot is possibly what led 744 00:35:23,250 --> 00:35:26,167 to his club foot and the loss of his toes. 745 00:35:26,167 --> 00:35:27,833 - It's gonna make it very difficult 746 00:35:27,833 --> 00:35:29,542 to walk and to have mobility. 747 00:35:29,542 --> 00:35:33,292 That's probably why they found a number of canes 748 00:35:33,292 --> 00:35:35,500 and staffs in King Tut's tomb. 749 00:35:37,333 --> 00:35:39,542 Having Freiberg's disease isn't fatal, 750 00:35:39,542 --> 00:35:41,333 but it could predispose him 751 00:35:41,333 --> 00:35:44,083 to other complications like developing an infection 752 00:35:44,083 --> 00:35:46,250 in the joints in his foot, 753 00:35:46,250 --> 00:35:48,542 something called septic arthritis. 754 00:35:48,542 --> 00:35:51,083 In Tut's time, there were no ventilators. 755 00:35:51,083 --> 00:35:52,708 There were no antibiotics. 756 00:35:52,708 --> 00:35:56,083 - If King Tut got this condition over 3,000 years ago, 757 00:35:56,083 --> 00:35:57,750 it would be deadly. 758 00:35:57,750 --> 00:36:00,333 - [Laurence] In 2010, two German scientists, 759 00:36:00,333 --> 00:36:02,292 Doctors Timmann and Meyer, 760 00:36:02,292 --> 00:36:05,667 suggest a different cause of Tut's bone damage. 761 00:36:06,000 --> 00:36:09,333 (dramatic music) 762 00:36:09,333 --> 00:36:13,667 - Dr. Timmann and Dr. Meyer believed that the cause 763 00:36:13,667 --> 00:36:15,958 of all this bone damage 764 00:36:15,958 --> 00:36:19,375 could have been sickle cell disease. 765 00:36:19,375 --> 00:36:22,542 In a situation like King Tut's family 766 00:36:22,542 --> 00:36:24,833 and the multiple inbreeding, 767 00:36:24,833 --> 00:36:29,375 if the sickle cell gene was in any part of that family, 768 00:36:29,375 --> 00:36:32,250 then it's very likely that would transfer 769 00:36:32,250 --> 00:36:33,917 to King Tut himself. 770 00:36:33,917 --> 00:36:36,750 - The sickle-shaped cells essentially block capillaries, 771 00:36:36,750 --> 00:36:39,875 preventing blood flow to the damaged bones 772 00:36:39,875 --> 00:36:42,083 and can lead to fatal results 773 00:36:42,083 --> 00:36:44,792 in childhood and throughout life. 774 00:36:44,792 --> 00:36:46,375 - [Laurence] Timmann and Meyer believed 775 00:36:46,375 --> 00:36:49,208 that sickle cell disease could cause an infection 776 00:36:49,208 --> 00:36:51,458 to spiral out of control. 777 00:36:51,458 --> 00:36:54,042 - We know from the CT scans that Tut had a leg fracture 778 00:36:54,042 --> 00:36:56,125 that did not heal before he died. 779 00:36:56,125 --> 00:36:59,375 So if that had become a point of infection, 780 00:36:59,375 --> 00:37:02,958 it is possible that he had a sickle cell crisis as a result. 781 00:37:02,958 --> 00:37:05,167 - Which would've ultimately led 782 00:37:05,167 --> 00:37:09,708 to oxygen not being delivered to the king's vital organs. 783 00:37:09,708 --> 00:37:12,458 And this could have led to the king's death. 784 00:37:13,875 --> 00:37:17,375 - [Laurence] It's a promising theory, but yet unproven. 785 00:37:17,375 --> 00:37:19,167 - That's not entirely surprising. 786 00:37:19,167 --> 00:37:21,833 It's 3,000 year old DNA and might've degraded, 787 00:37:21,833 --> 00:37:24,667 and so it might've made that diagnosis really difficult. 788 00:37:24,667 --> 00:37:26,542 - Hopefully, the future will provide us 789 00:37:26,542 --> 00:37:28,208 with even greater technology 790 00:37:28,208 --> 00:37:30,125 that will give us an even better insight 791 00:37:30,125 --> 00:37:31,750 into the DNA of these mummies. 792 00:37:35,375 --> 00:37:36,375 (dramatic music) 793 00:37:36,375 --> 00:37:37,542 - [Laurence] After decades 794 00:37:37,542 --> 00:37:39,542 of investigating the death of King Tut, 795 00:37:39,542 --> 00:37:41,417 a research team led by Egyptologist 796 00:37:41,417 --> 00:37:43,125 Dr. Zahi Hawass believes 797 00:37:43,125 --> 00:37:45,042 they've finally found the answer. 798 00:37:45,042 --> 00:37:48,958 - It's clear that King Tut had a whole host of ailments, 799 00:37:48,958 --> 00:37:52,667 but unfortunately, none of the genetic tests really tell us 800 00:37:52,667 --> 00:37:54,958 that he was suffering from a particular disease, 801 00:37:54,958 --> 00:37:58,333 a particular condition that could have caused his demise. 802 00:37:59,875 --> 00:38:04,000 Then in 2010, Dr. Hawass and his team re-look 803 00:38:04,000 --> 00:38:05,708 at the genetic code. 804 00:38:05,708 --> 00:38:08,667 - In his analysis of the DNA of Tutankhamun, 805 00:38:09,125 --> 00:38:12,250 Zahi Hawass and his team found a clue 806 00:38:12,250 --> 00:38:15,208 that could perhaps be the smoking gun. 807 00:38:15,208 --> 00:38:17,958 The ironic thing is that this young king 808 00:38:17,958 --> 00:38:21,000 who was meant to be a living god on earth and was supposed 809 00:38:22,375 --> 00:38:24,875 to be Egypt's most powerful influential figure 810 00:38:25,917 --> 00:38:27,208 could have died from one 811 00:38:27,208 --> 00:38:28,917 of the world's most common diseases. 812 00:38:30,333 --> 00:38:32,750 (dramatic music) 813 00:38:32,750 --> 00:38:34,792 - Malaria is an infectious disease. 814 00:38:34,792 --> 00:38:37,375 It's a parasite that's transmitted by a mosquito, 815 00:38:37,375 --> 00:38:40,208 and these mosquitoes do not care if you're a pharaoh 816 00:38:40,208 --> 00:38:41,875 or if you're a commoner. 817 00:38:41,875 --> 00:38:44,917 If you're bitten by a mosquito that's carrying the parasite, 818 00:38:44,917 --> 00:38:48,917 then you ultimately will develop malaria. 819 00:38:48,917 --> 00:38:51,208 - It causes periodic fevers 820 00:38:51,208 --> 00:38:54,625 and extreme it can kill you. 821 00:38:54,625 --> 00:38:57,917 - [Laurence] Even today, more than 400,000 people die 822 00:38:57,917 --> 00:38:59,750 from malaria each year. 823 00:38:59,750 --> 00:39:02,833 - Malaria was prevalent throughout Ancient Egypt. 824 00:39:02,833 --> 00:39:06,167 It's easy to imagine that along the banks of the Nile, 825 00:39:06,167 --> 00:39:09,583 malaria would've been quite common for ancient Egyptians, 826 00:39:09,583 --> 00:39:13,375 whether they were commoners or the king in his palace, 827 00:39:13,375 --> 00:39:16,000 - The DNA analysis of Tut's mummy 828 00:39:16,000 --> 00:39:19,792 identifies a strain called plasmodium falciparum, 829 00:39:19,792 --> 00:39:22,917 which is one of the deadliest strains of malaria. 830 00:39:23,458 --> 00:39:26,083 - [Laurence] Zahi Hawass contends that 831 00:39:26,083 --> 00:39:27,542 in Tut's final days, 832 00:39:27,542 --> 00:39:30,375 malaria exacerbated a serious injury 833 00:39:30,375 --> 00:39:33,333 which may have sent Tut to an early grave. 834 00:39:34,667 --> 00:39:37,958 - The CT scan in 2005 by Dr. Hawass and his team show 835 00:39:37,958 --> 00:39:40,792 that femoral fracture, a leg fracture. 836 00:39:40,792 --> 00:39:42,500 - Now, you don't die of a broken leg. 837 00:39:42,500 --> 00:39:45,875 However, in ancient times with no penicillin 838 00:39:45,875 --> 00:39:47,917 or other sorts of drugs, 839 00:39:47,917 --> 00:39:51,542 you can get a very nasty infection and die of that. 840 00:39:51,542 --> 00:39:53,042 - [Laurence] A serious infection 841 00:39:53,042 --> 00:39:55,625 would've left the young king especially vulnerable 842 00:39:55,625 --> 00:39:57,792 to the deadly effects of malaria. 843 00:39:57,792 --> 00:40:00,167 - Malaria instantly goes into your body 844 00:40:00,167 --> 00:40:01,875 and attacks your liver, 845 00:40:01,875 --> 00:40:05,042 which makes you completely immunocompromised. 846 00:40:05,042 --> 00:40:08,542 With a big injury on your femur, 847 00:40:08,542 --> 00:40:11,542 that is just a recipe for disaster. 848 00:40:11,542 --> 00:40:15,375 Getting exposed to malaria could do nothing, 849 00:40:15,375 --> 00:40:19,333 but wreak havoc and speed up his death. 850 00:40:19,333 --> 00:40:20,917 (dramatic music) 851 00:40:20,917 --> 00:40:23,333 - [Laurence] It may be the most plausible theory yet, 852 00:40:23,333 --> 00:40:24,792 but scholars agree, 853 00:40:24,792 --> 00:40:28,833 we'll likely never know for sure what killed King Tut 854 00:40:30,208 --> 00:40:33,083 - When studying a mummy like the mummy of Tutankhamun's, 855 00:40:33,083 --> 00:40:35,708 you know, physical remains that have been preserved 856 00:40:35,708 --> 00:40:39,958 for over 3,300 years, nothing's gonna be perfect. 857 00:40:39,958 --> 00:40:42,708 - The level of precision that you're going to be able 858 00:40:42,708 --> 00:40:46,750 to bring to ancient genomic studies are really limited. 859 00:40:47,125 --> 00:40:48,250 So, even though we have a body 860 00:40:48,250 --> 00:40:50,583 and we have genetic tests, 861 00:40:50,583 --> 00:40:53,292 that's not going to produce a smoking gun. 862 00:40:53,292 --> 00:40:57,458 - Unfortunately, this mystery will not be solved today. 863 00:40:57,458 --> 00:40:59,458 He could have been murdered. 864 00:40:59,458 --> 00:41:01,292 He could have died of an accident. 865 00:41:01,292 --> 00:41:03,833 Theories will keep coming out, 866 00:41:03,833 --> 00:41:07,542 but all we know is that King Tut died, 867 00:41:07,542 --> 00:41:11,500 the 19-year-old boy who ruled all of Egypt. 868 00:41:11,500 --> 00:41:13,375 (dramatic music) 869 00:41:13,375 --> 00:41:14,875 - Perhaps in the future, 870 00:41:14,875 --> 00:41:17,375 more advanced technology will allow science 871 00:41:17,375 --> 00:41:19,042 to determine conclusively 872 00:41:19,042 --> 00:41:22,125 whether it was natural causes, an accident, 873 00:41:22,125 --> 00:41:25,958 or even murder that caused the death of King Tut. 874 00:41:25,958 --> 00:41:29,458 Or perhaps it will simply raise more questions. 875 00:41:29,458 --> 00:41:31,917 Either way, every investigation 876 00:41:31,917 --> 00:41:34,417 into Tut's final days tells us more 877 00:41:34,417 --> 00:41:36,375 about the fascinating life 878 00:41:36,375 --> 00:41:38,667 of the once-forgotten boy pharaoh. 879 00:41:38,667 --> 00:41:40,500 I'm Lawrence Fishburne. 880 00:41:40,500 --> 00:41:41,750 Thank you for watching 881 00:41:41,750 --> 00:41:43,792 "History's Greatest Mysteries." 882 00:41:44,542 --> 00:41:46,875 (dramatic music)