1 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 2 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 3 00:00:21,730 --> 00:00:24,232 Diving is the most fabulous distraction 4 00:00:24,357 --> 00:00:25,442 you can experience. 5 00:00:27,027 --> 00:00:29,154 I am miserable out of the water. 6 00:00:31,239 --> 00:00:34,117 It is as though you have been introduced to heaven, 7 00:00:34,909 --> 00:00:37,203 and then forced back to Earth. 8 00:00:59,684 --> 00:01:01,061 It's a beautiful sight. 9 00:01:03,688 --> 00:01:04,731 Okay. 10 00:01:05,482 --> 00:01:07,734 Captain, This is Jennifer. Jennifer. 11 00:01:08,151 --> 00:01:09,611 Um, what's it like down there? 12 00:01:13,990 --> 00:01:14,991 Okay. 13 00:01:15,700 --> 00:01:16,868 It's fantastic. 14 00:01:18,036 --> 00:01:20,914 Imagine having no weight. 15 00:01:22,248 --> 00:01:24,334 Imagine that this would be underwater. 16 00:01:24,667 --> 00:01:28,171 You would just inhale your lungs and you would float around. 17 00:01:29,464 --> 00:01:34,052 You would move like this swimming in space above all your little friends. 18 00:01:35,428 --> 00:01:36,471 It's beautiful. 19 00:01:36,846 --> 00:01:38,139 Captain, 20 00:01:38,223 --> 00:01:39,682 we have a question here. 21 00:02:01,621 --> 00:02:05,750 I am fascinated by the element, water. 22 00:02:10,463 --> 00:02:14,843 The world we live in on Earth, it is a struggle against gravity. 23 00:02:16,886 --> 00:02:19,848 But, by diving, when you put an Aqualung on your back, 24 00:02:20,473 --> 00:02:22,725 you suddenly are turned into an archangel. 25 00:02:23,476 --> 00:02:27,230 In harmony with the one single thread 26 00:02:27,313 --> 00:02:30,358 around which all forms of life have been created. 27 00:02:33,486 --> 00:02:34,612 It's liberation. 28 00:02:43,329 --> 00:02:46,082 You describe yourself as a witness to change. 29 00:02:46,708 --> 00:02:50,253 When in fact did you first become aware of the way 30 00:02:50,336 --> 00:02:52,547 that the planet we're on was changing? 31 00:02:54,507 --> 00:02:57,802 Well, when my friends and I started, 32 00:02:57,886 --> 00:03:01,764 it was for us, for ourselves. The pleasure of discovering. 33 00:03:02,807 --> 00:03:04,100 Look sharp, they're diving! 34 00:03:05,351 --> 00:03:07,812 Stand by with the buoy! Falco and Piel, get ready! 35 00:03:08,980 --> 00:03:13,318 I thought that my job was to show what was in the sea, 36 00:03:13,985 --> 00:03:15,236 the beauties of it... 37 00:03:16,487 --> 00:03:20,408 so that people would get to know and love the sea. 38 00:03:22,660 --> 00:03:25,747 Then we began to see that the things that we had admired 39 00:03:25,830 --> 00:03:27,999 were beginning to decay. 40 00:03:29,292 --> 00:03:31,002 And we said, "We have to do something." 41 00:03:32,712 --> 00:03:34,172 "We have to enter the fight." 42 00:03:37,258 --> 00:03:41,012 Because you will only protect what you love. 43 00:03:53,483 --> 00:03:54,817 Good evening. 44 00:03:54,901 --> 00:03:58,404 I have no doubt that you'll recognize the face on the screen behind me. 45 00:03:58,947 --> 00:04:00,865 It's that of Captain Jacques-Yves Cousteau. 46 00:04:01,491 --> 00:04:03,326 For the past 25 years, Captain Cousteau's 47 00:04:03,660 --> 00:04:06,287 books and films and television series 48 00:04:06,371 --> 00:04:09,040 have reached hundreds of millions of people all over the world, 49 00:04:09,123 --> 00:04:12,126 sharing with them one of the great discoveries of our time, 50 00:04:12,252 --> 00:04:15,630 the mysterious, incomparably beautiful world under the sea. 51 00:04:16,256 --> 00:04:19,968 Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome Captain Jacques-Yves Cousteau. 52 00:04:27,058 --> 00:04:29,477 First, Captain Cousteau, I'd like to ask you 53 00:04:29,560 --> 00:04:33,523 how you account for this lifelong preoccupation with the sea? 54 00:04:33,606 --> 00:04:36,150 When I was a very small boy, 55 00:04:37,068 --> 00:04:41,698 I was fascinated by the fluid element 56 00:04:41,781 --> 00:04:44,284 that was capable of supporting very heavy ships. 57 00:04:44,367 --> 00:04:46,869 I couldn't understand very well how it did it. 58 00:04:47,412 --> 00:04:49,539 But you could have learnt all that in museums, 59 00:04:49,622 --> 00:04:53,751 and by walking about on the surface, what extra insight did you get by diving? 60 00:04:54,043 --> 00:04:57,714 Uh, you never experience a difference between reading a book 61 00:04:57,797 --> 00:05:00,258 - and doing it yourself? - Good point. 62 00:05:02,427 --> 00:05:05,680 If you read a book about love making, it's not the same. 63 00:05:16,524 --> 00:05:20,987 "Every explorer I have met has been driven by curiosity. 64 00:05:22,530 --> 00:05:27,243 "A single-minded, insatiable, and even jubilant need to know. 65 00:05:29,620 --> 00:05:32,540 "We must go and see for ourselves." 66 00:05:42,008 --> 00:05:43,217 Since I was a kid, 67 00:05:43,718 --> 00:05:47,347 I had a tremendous desire to search and go further. 68 00:05:50,725 --> 00:05:54,312 So, at the age of 20, I entered the Naval Academy. 69 00:05:55,271 --> 00:05:58,649 And I chose, as my specialty, airplane pilot. 70 00:06:04,364 --> 00:06:07,575 And I was at the pilot school of the Navy, 71 00:06:07,700 --> 00:06:09,285 when I was driving at night. 72 00:06:12,455 --> 00:06:15,750 But then I had an accident, a very bad accident. 73 00:06:17,001 --> 00:06:20,421 I had a right arm paralyzed, 12 bones broken, 74 00:06:20,880 --> 00:06:22,423 I... I was in a bad state. 75 00:06:27,720 --> 00:06:30,515 "I was alone at night, bleeding, on a country road, 76 00:06:31,224 --> 00:06:32,308 "with nobody to come. 77 00:06:33,184 --> 00:06:34,894 "It was 2:00 in the morning. 78 00:06:35,561 --> 00:06:36,604 "I was losing blood. 79 00:06:37,647 --> 00:06:41,275 "Turning to the sky, looking at the stars, I thought I was going to die. 80 00:06:42,693 --> 00:06:45,780 "But strangely enough, that became for me, 81 00:06:46,364 --> 00:06:47,990 "a wonderful opportunity." 82 00:06:50,743 --> 00:06:51,911 Cousteau was told 83 00:06:51,994 --> 00:06:55,706 that he should go, and see my grandfather Philippe Tailliez, 84 00:06:55,790 --> 00:07:01,170 who was one of the very early free divers in the Navy, and Frederic Dumas, 85 00:07:01,629 --> 00:07:06,300 who was not in the Navy, but he was a very famous spearfisher at the time. 86 00:07:07,927 --> 00:07:12,140 And Tailliez and Dumas thought that they could probably help Cousteau 87 00:07:12,265 --> 00:07:14,308 recover, through swimming. 88 00:09:51,841 --> 00:09:55,136 When my grandfather and Cousteau started freediving, 89 00:09:56,053 --> 00:09:57,847 they had the whole sea to them, 90 00:09:58,389 --> 00:10:01,392 because nobody else was doing that at the time. 91 00:10:03,352 --> 00:10:06,314 All the fishermen were jealous about these three guys 92 00:10:06,522 --> 00:10:10,276 that would go straight into the water, and come out with the biggest fishes. 93 00:10:30,212 --> 00:10:32,757 They were quite famous on the French Riviera. 94 00:10:34,133 --> 00:10:38,179 The local press would call them, "The three diving Musketeers". 95 00:11:30,773 --> 00:11:34,944 Simone wanted a life as a sailor on the sea. 96 00:11:36,821 --> 00:11:39,448 Her two grandfathers were admirals 97 00:11:39,532 --> 00:11:42,368 and all of her family were sailors. 98 00:11:44,328 --> 00:11:48,708 She said, "I don't have blood. I have saltwater in my veins." 99 00:11:54,338 --> 00:11:57,717 When she married Cousteau, she made a deal with him. 100 00:11:58,759 --> 00:12:02,346 "I give you two children, Jean-Michel and Philippe, 101 00:12:03,389 --> 00:12:05,933 "and you give me the sea." 102 00:12:34,545 --> 00:12:38,257 Simone started coming with us, on all my expeditions. 103 00:12:41,552 --> 00:12:44,847 And after two years, we already knew how to dive very well. 104 00:12:47,767 --> 00:12:52,146 But we had an inner urge to go deeper and further. 105 00:12:54,648 --> 00:12:57,234 It's always the same, necessity. 106 00:12:58,778 --> 00:13:02,072 In order to go deeper, in order to stay longer, 107 00:13:02,948 --> 00:13:05,284 I became an inventor by necessity. 108 00:14:51,932 --> 00:14:54,560 "I took normal breaths in a slow rhythm, 109 00:14:54,643 --> 00:14:57,897 "bowed my head and swam smoothly down to 30 feet. 110 00:14:58,814 --> 00:15:00,816 "I felt no increase in water pressure" 111 00:15:03,694 --> 00:15:05,613 "It was a new and promising device, 112 00:15:06,697 --> 00:15:09,116 "the result of years of struggle and dreams, 113 00:15:09,867 --> 00:15:12,494 diving could be revolutionized." 114 00:15:33,057 --> 00:15:35,559 "We had been years in the sea as goggle divers. 115 00:15:36,560 --> 00:15:39,521 "Our new key to the hidden world promised wonders. 116 00:15:43,108 --> 00:15:46,779 "But unfortunately, our Utopia was doomed to disappear." 117 00:15:56,538 --> 00:15:58,374 Within four short weeks, 118 00:15:59,083 --> 00:16:01,335 French defenses had been utterly shattered. 119 00:16:02,169 --> 00:16:04,463 And Adolf Hitler has claimed Paris as his own. 120 00:16:07,925 --> 00:16:12,513 After France surrendered, my wife and I didn't sleep much. 121 00:16:14,556 --> 00:16:16,308 I always had a gun in my pocket, 122 00:16:16,392 --> 00:16:19,103 I was looking outside before I went out. 123 00:16:22,272 --> 00:16:24,692 But during all that time, we still had the sea. 124 00:16:32,074 --> 00:16:34,410 For my grandfather and for Cousteau, 125 00:16:35,119 --> 00:16:37,204 diving was an escape from the war. 126 00:16:39,373 --> 00:16:42,209 Because above the sea, nothing made sense. 127 00:16:53,345 --> 00:16:55,097 "I was determined to have a career. 128 00:16:56,348 --> 00:17:00,602 "And it was during the war that I realized that the autonomous diving suit 129 00:17:00,686 --> 00:17:02,479 "could be a serious business. 130 00:17:03,355 --> 00:17:06,525 "There were hundreds of jobs for divers in the scuttled fleet, 131 00:17:06,608 --> 00:17:08,485 "and in the ships torpedoed at sea. 132 00:17:11,071 --> 00:17:14,491 "So when the war was over, I told officials at the Navy Ministry 133 00:17:14,575 --> 00:17:17,953 "about this entirely new system we had developed." 134 00:18:33,237 --> 00:18:36,240 Cousteau got a boat from the French Navy. 135 00:18:36,907 --> 00:18:39,159 And the whole team was supposed to go diving. 136 00:18:41,328 --> 00:18:43,872 Cousteau was trying to finance a new boat 137 00:18:44,915 --> 00:18:50,129 and he wanted to prove that the Aqualung could go more than 100 meters deep. 138 00:18:50,212 --> 00:18:51,713 Which had never been done. 139 00:19:07,437 --> 00:19:09,189 It was like electricity in the air, 140 00:19:09,898 --> 00:19:14,903 a mix of excitement and fear, with all the journalists taking pictures. 141 00:19:16,697 --> 00:19:19,992 Cousteau was going to make the Aqualung famous. 142 00:19:21,285 --> 00:19:24,580 And they were going to try to break a record. 143 00:19:34,965 --> 00:19:38,385 LUC BÉ 144 00:20:45,494 --> 00:20:50,415 The first person to go down, Maurice Fargues, died that day. 145 00:21:09,017 --> 00:21:12,020 "Fargues is the first of my team that I see disappear. 146 00:21:13,188 --> 00:21:15,065 "This drama upsets me for months. 147 00:21:17,985 --> 00:21:20,862 "I start to wonder if what I am undertaking makes sense. 148 00:21:22,239 --> 00:21:24,324 "If it is not asking too much of these men 149 00:21:24,408 --> 00:21:27,286 "to risk their lives for a hypothetical conquest." 150 00:21:33,875 --> 00:21:37,838 After the death of Fargues, it was no longer the "Three Musketeers". 151 00:21:40,841 --> 00:21:44,886 My grandfather just knew it had to be different for him. 152 00:21:48,265 --> 00:21:52,102 He said, "His death must not be in vain. 153 00:21:52,853 --> 00:21:57,357 "It is up to us to learn from it, and the lessons it contains". 154 00:22:02,279 --> 00:22:05,115 My grandfather was also an early ecologist. 155 00:22:06,283 --> 00:22:10,871 And he was one of the first to realize how precious the reef is... 156 00:22:12,122 --> 00:22:13,790 and how quickly it can disappear. 157 00:22:16,251 --> 00:22:20,172 And he told Cousteau they have a role to play to protect it. 158 00:22:22,341 --> 00:22:24,801 He said, "We are opening Pandora's Box." 159 00:22:28,388 --> 00:22:31,558 But at the time, Cousteau had another agenda. 160 00:23:22,234 --> 00:23:24,236 Calypso was basically a minesweeper, 161 00:23:25,112 --> 00:23:27,114 built in 1942 in America. 162 00:23:28,448 --> 00:23:30,534 And I acquired her for very little money, 163 00:23:31,326 --> 00:23:34,287 thanks to a grant given to me by a British citizen. 164 00:23:35,622 --> 00:23:38,834 And she has gone practically everywhere around the world with me. 165 00:25:48,380 --> 00:25:49,631 Journal number one. 166 00:25:52,926 --> 00:25:55,554 We are at sea, at long last, 167 00:25:56,054 --> 00:25:59,349 enjoying this first day of navigation on the Calypso. 168 00:26:00,934 --> 00:26:04,354 We have started with a full-scale expedition 169 00:26:04,563 --> 00:26:07,315 to explore the reefs of the Red Sea. 170 00:26:45,604 --> 00:26:46,938 Journal number two. 171 00:26:49,065 --> 00:26:52,235 Since we left, bad weather has never stopped. 172 00:26:53,695 --> 00:26:56,239 It is raining, it is cold, 173 00:26:57,073 --> 00:27:00,702 and the swell is at least force six. 174 00:27:03,330 --> 00:27:07,417 We are thrown from one side to another, 24 hours a day. 175 00:27:10,462 --> 00:27:15,050 And I spent a horrible night fearing for my vessel. 176 00:27:17,427 --> 00:27:21,348 So we sailed north again and found a very good shelter. 177 00:27:21,848 --> 00:27:23,892 A poetic and desolate island. 178 00:28:17,112 --> 00:28:20,281 "I have that feeling of trespassing when I submerge. 179 00:28:21,408 --> 00:28:23,118 "The feeling that you're cheating. 180 00:28:24,244 --> 00:28:25,745 "We're land animals 181 00:28:26,246 --> 00:28:28,581 "and we're not supposed to cross the threshold. 182 00:28:29,874 --> 00:28:31,710 "Nature warns us 'Don't go.' 183 00:28:33,420 --> 00:28:37,215 "But we do go, and the sense of trespass vanishes." 184 00:28:41,052 --> 00:28:43,346 The whole world was being discovered. 185 00:28:43,888 --> 00:28:46,850 And we had no idea that we were destroying it. 186 00:28:49,269 --> 00:28:51,855 Setting off dynamite to count the fish at the surface, you know, 187 00:28:51,938 --> 00:28:53,565 to see how many fish lived underneath. 188 00:28:54,899 --> 00:28:57,068 We just didn't know any better at the time. 189 00:30:39,170 --> 00:30:40,672 This is an underwater hunt 190 00:30:40,755 --> 00:30:43,174 by Captain Cousteau's group in the Persian Gulf. 191 00:30:43,716 --> 00:30:46,386 These men are searching not for pink pearls, 192 00:30:46,469 --> 00:30:48,680 but for black gold. Oil. 193 00:31:41,357 --> 00:31:45,570 "The only field in which I know I am gifted is cinema. 194 00:31:46,696 --> 00:31:48,031 "It's a built-in sickness. 195 00:31:48,865 --> 00:31:51,242 "I feel miserable if I don't make a film." 196 00:32:04,130 --> 00:32:08,509 When I was about 12, I saw my first underwater films. 197 00:32:09,677 --> 00:32:11,971 And I found them miraculous. 198 00:32:14,057 --> 00:32:18,061 People at that time had no idea what was going on under the surface. 199 00:32:19,395 --> 00:32:21,397 So that was a revelation for me. 200 00:32:22,273 --> 00:32:27,362 That's when I understood the strength, the power of images. 201 00:32:32,992 --> 00:32:35,954 I started taking movies at the age of 13. 202 00:32:37,413 --> 00:32:43,044 I began to make little stories about the marriage of my cousin. 203 00:32:43,294 --> 00:32:49,717 And also, with my brother, we imagined a gangster story. 204 00:32:55,056 --> 00:32:56,265 During all those years, 205 00:32:56,808 --> 00:32:59,727 everywhere I went, my notebook was a camera. 206 00:33:02,689 --> 00:33:04,899 And after I invented the Aqualung, 207 00:33:04,983 --> 00:33:07,485 I wanted to show my friends what I was seeing. 208 00:33:09,237 --> 00:33:12,699 But, to photograph underwater I had to put a camera in a housing. 209 00:33:13,741 --> 00:33:15,451 So I had to invent that too. 210 00:34:32,153 --> 00:34:33,154 Action! 211 00:35:58,614 --> 00:35:59,532 Action! 212 00:36:00,867 --> 00:36:02,535 "I become furious 213 00:36:03,286 --> 00:36:05,872 "when they label my films with the word 'documentary.' 214 00:36:06,455 --> 00:36:09,375 "That means a lecture by a guy who knows more than you." 215 00:36:11,294 --> 00:36:13,296 "Our films are not documentaries. 216 00:36:14,422 --> 00:36:16,924 "They are true adventure films." 217 00:36:22,013 --> 00:36:24,015 Bridge, engine room! Bridge, engine room! 218 00:36:24,098 --> 00:36:26,267 Something has just stalled the port engine! 219 00:36:26,350 --> 00:36:27,852 We've crashed into a whale. 220 00:36:28,644 --> 00:36:31,272 The cuts are so deep, it cannot survive. 221 00:36:32,148 --> 00:36:34,984 We speed up to put the whale out of its misery. 222 00:36:44,911 --> 00:36:49,290 "I dreamed of being the John Ford or John Huston of the ocean." 223 00:36:49,373 --> 00:36:50,583 Action! 224 00:36:52,919 --> 00:36:55,004 "To offer beauty to my fellow human beings." 225 00:38:28,222 --> 00:38:29,432 "A moment of grace, 226 00:38:30,891 --> 00:38:34,979 "I slide into the depths, aware of living in harmony 227 00:38:35,062 --> 00:38:37,898 "with an environment very different from the world above. 228 00:38:40,526 --> 00:38:43,279 "I swim almost effortlessly, 229 00:38:44,405 --> 00:38:45,614 "like the fish I meet. 230 00:38:49,493 --> 00:38:51,245 "I am an unexpected guest, 231 00:38:52,496 --> 00:38:54,665 "spellbound by this splendor. 232 00:38:55,499 --> 00:38:56,834 "This silence. 233 00:38:57,752 --> 00:38:59,003 "This harmony." 234 00:39:05,384 --> 00:39:08,095 In London last night, a man gave a lecture 235 00:39:08,679 --> 00:39:13,017 paving the way to a time when human beings will live continuously under the sea. 236 00:39:14,810 --> 00:39:17,313 Commander, is this development of the ocean bed 237 00:39:17,396 --> 00:39:20,775 an adventure to you, or does it have practical applications? 238 00:39:22,818 --> 00:39:26,655 I don't think we can name it an adventure. 239 00:39:27,198 --> 00:39:31,160 It is a succession of carefully planned 240 00:39:31,243 --> 00:39:32,620 and prepared steps. 241 00:39:33,829 --> 00:39:38,959 We are moving into the sea, deeper and longer. 242 00:42:24,500 --> 00:42:28,087 In the coming years, we will establish settlements 243 00:42:29,088 --> 00:42:31,715 where men will live completely in the water. 244 00:42:33,175 --> 00:42:37,137 So this is a bright future for diving. 245 00:42:38,138 --> 00:42:41,225 Because it will eliminate all ties to the surface. 246 00:44:04,266 --> 00:44:06,435 Cousteau said to me many times 247 00:44:06,518 --> 00:44:10,230 that an explorer has no right to be a family man. 248 00:44:12,650 --> 00:44:15,277 He's off following his nose, 249 00:44:15,361 --> 00:44:17,655 to the future and to the universe. 250 00:44:19,782 --> 00:44:21,867 And that's how it needs to be. 251 00:44:27,456 --> 00:44:30,501 The children, they were not cared for. 252 00:44:32,086 --> 00:44:34,380 They went to boarding school. 253 00:44:35,547 --> 00:44:40,719 And Simone, she was more interested in a life on the sea. 254 00:44:43,013 --> 00:44:45,224 She had only one passion, 255 00:44:46,850 --> 00:44:47,893 Calypso. 256 00:44:53,190 --> 00:44:55,025 What most people don't realize 257 00:44:55,109 --> 00:44:57,486 is that my mother spent more time 258 00:44:57,569 --> 00:45:00,531 on the ship than my father, my brother, and myself together. 259 00:45:03,033 --> 00:45:04,952 She doesn't like to be on film, 260 00:45:05,035 --> 00:45:06,620 and that's why she has avoided it. 261 00:45:06,704 --> 00:45:09,748 She stays away from the cameras. 262 00:45:15,254 --> 00:45:18,257 She's the strong person behind the scenes. 263 00:45:19,258 --> 00:45:22,720 Uh, people confide in her, and she makes a lot of decisions, 264 00:45:22,803 --> 00:45:24,221 which most people don't even know about. 265 00:45:24,555 --> 00:45:26,181 They don't even know she exists. 266 00:46:03,302 --> 00:46:05,512 Jean-Michel, what was it like on Calypso 267 00:46:05,596 --> 00:46:06,847 as a young kid? 268 00:46:09,141 --> 00:46:11,977 I cannot compare with anybody else, 269 00:46:12,060 --> 00:46:14,354 since this was a natural thing. 270 00:46:14,438 --> 00:46:16,899 I was invited there for my vacation. 271 00:46:16,982 --> 00:46:21,487 And it took many years for me to realize that this was very unusual. 272 00:46:29,119 --> 00:46:32,414 You have to be prepared to make all kinds of sacrifices. 273 00:46:33,707 --> 00:46:38,921 You have to agree to have a very sketchy family life. 274 00:46:42,716 --> 00:46:43,592 Philippe, 275 00:46:43,675 --> 00:46:45,719 what's the biggest blunder your father ever made? 276 00:46:50,307 --> 00:46:51,934 That's too hard to answer, really. 277 00:46:52,059 --> 00:46:53,268 Okay. 278 00:47:50,158 --> 00:47:52,035 Philippe was like his father. 279 00:47:52,661 --> 00:47:57,124 Always doing dangerous things, fearing nothing. 280 00:48:00,127 --> 00:48:02,963 Cousteau was like a king with his empire. 281 00:48:04,923 --> 00:48:07,926 And Philippe was the next king. 282 00:48:11,555 --> 00:48:13,140 In the perpetual darkness, 283 00:48:13,223 --> 00:48:15,726 Philippe Cousteau focuses his underwater camera 284 00:48:15,809 --> 00:48:17,102 on a unique experiment. 285 00:48:17,686 --> 00:48:21,398 The oceanauts will try to repair a production type oil wellhead, 286 00:48:21,481 --> 00:48:23,358 370 feet deep. 287 00:48:25,319 --> 00:48:28,906 The petroleum companies had given Cousteau a contract 288 00:48:28,989 --> 00:48:30,616 to do scientific research. 289 00:48:31,450 --> 00:48:36,038 And he used the money to fund Calypso, and to continue his explorations. 290 00:48:39,791 --> 00:48:44,671 It may have been a wrong turn in his path to the future. 291 00:48:47,215 --> 00:48:48,884 But the world at that time 292 00:48:48,967 --> 00:48:51,720 didn't understand the danger to the environment. 293 00:48:54,806 --> 00:48:58,977 So, for Cousteau, that was a means to an end. 294 00:49:11,782 --> 00:49:13,867 Once we had finished this chapter, 295 00:49:14,409 --> 00:49:16,620 we had done the work of a pioneer. 296 00:49:18,538 --> 00:49:22,125 So we turned this over to the industry, to use it. 297 00:49:26,171 --> 00:49:29,174 But we wondered if we were doing the right thing. 298 00:50:09,214 --> 00:50:11,341 They put the Jacques Cousteau footage on the air, 299 00:50:11,425 --> 00:50:12,968 and it was a big success. 300 00:50:13,677 --> 00:50:16,179 One day I'm sitting in the house and I tell my wife, 301 00:50:16,263 --> 00:50:18,181 "I bet you that'll be a great series. 302 00:50:18,265 --> 00:50:21,018 "Jacques Cousteau going underwater, around the world, 303 00:50:21,101 --> 00:50:22,936 "The Seven Seas, was my thought." 304 00:50:24,646 --> 00:50:27,941 So I flew to Monaco and spoke with Cousteau. 305 00:50:42,998 --> 00:50:46,168 He says, "I just figured the money, you have to do 12 hours. 306 00:50:46,251 --> 00:50:47,836 "I can't do it in less than 12 hours." 307 00:50:49,463 --> 00:50:51,798 So I go back to New York to sell the 12 shows. 308 00:50:52,174 --> 00:50:54,885 I go to NBC, they don't even know who Jacques Cousteau is. 309 00:50:55,469 --> 00:50:57,763 Who is he? "Well, he's the undersea guy who invented the Aqualung." 310 00:50:57,846 --> 00:50:59,097 "We don't care." 311 00:51:00,140 --> 00:51:02,684 I go to ABC, who is there but Tom Moore. 312 00:51:03,393 --> 00:51:06,605 He looks at this thing, this is terrific, but I can't take 12. 313 00:51:06,813 --> 00:51:10,067 But he says, "David, you know, I'm a member of The Explorers Club 314 00:51:10,317 --> 00:51:14,362 "and I have not been able to find an explorer to speak at my goddamn thing. 315 00:51:15,072 --> 00:51:17,365 "Can you get Jacques Cousteau to speak?" 316 00:51:17,449 --> 00:51:20,243 I said, "Well, you know I could ask him." He said "I tell you what. 317 00:51:20,327 --> 00:51:23,789 "You get Jacques Cousteau to show up, I'll put the 12 shows on the air." 318 00:51:25,707 --> 00:51:26,917 And the rest is history. 319 00:51:36,885 --> 00:51:37,928 Action! 320 00:51:39,888 --> 00:51:43,642 I started on the Cousteau series in 1967. 321 00:51:45,143 --> 00:51:50,190 And I was given a huge editing room because there was so much footage. 322 00:51:53,235 --> 00:51:54,820 Sharks, whales, 323 00:51:56,571 --> 00:51:58,532 and things I had never seen before. 324 00:52:09,501 --> 00:52:12,295 The shark is said to be a fearsome brute. 325 00:52:13,004 --> 00:52:14,464 But this is not always true. 326 00:52:16,842 --> 00:52:19,302 Many harmless species exist, 327 00:52:19,886 --> 00:52:24,850 sand sharks, spotted dogfish, nurse, and leopard sharks. 328 00:52:24,933 --> 00:52:29,354 But for a diver, a shark bite, whether accidental or deliberate, 329 00:52:29,437 --> 00:52:32,566 is always serious and sometimes fatal. 330 00:52:43,910 --> 00:52:45,370 Hello, Raymond. Hello, Raymond. 331 00:52:45,453 --> 00:52:48,498 What depth are you at? What depth are you at? 332 00:52:48,582 --> 00:52:52,627 I have abandoned or almost abandoned feature films, 333 00:52:52,711 --> 00:52:57,090 the production of feature films for television, for only one good reason. 334 00:52:58,258 --> 00:53:00,093 Though it is an aesthetic sacrifice, 335 00:53:00,760 --> 00:53:05,140 it is a way to reach, by the only real mass medium there is, 336 00:53:05,891 --> 00:53:07,934 millions of people rapidly. 337 00:53:08,560 --> 00:53:10,520 Well understood, Raymond, well understood. 338 00:53:11,730 --> 00:53:12,731 We are all okay. 339 00:53:13,982 --> 00:53:16,401 He had that wonderful persona. 340 00:53:16,985 --> 00:53:21,156 But the general audience at that time didn't know who Jacques Cousteau was. 341 00:53:22,240 --> 00:53:24,701 As our assistants logged him, 342 00:53:24,784 --> 00:53:29,539 "There's an old man in a red beanie cap on deck." 343 00:53:33,376 --> 00:53:37,505 So, we had a lot of discussions about, how are we going to present him? 344 00:53:38,673 --> 00:53:41,468 Is he a scientist? Researcher? 345 00:53:42,177 --> 00:53:45,972 Or is he a philosopher? Or an inventor? 346 00:53:47,641 --> 00:53:49,059 But in his close-ups, 347 00:53:49,726 --> 00:53:54,147 he really looked like a man looking at the future. 348 00:53:56,483 --> 00:53:59,152 So we decided, he's the explorer. 349 00:54:00,362 --> 00:54:03,573 Because his motto was, "il faut aller voir." 350 00:54:04,115 --> 00:54:07,619 You know, "We go see it for ourselves." 351 00:54:12,916 --> 00:54:16,336 The New York Times says The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau 352 00:54:16,419 --> 00:54:17,712 has opened the eyes of millions. 353 00:54:17,879 --> 00:54:19,714 ...through his underwater films, 354 00:54:19,881 --> 00:54:21,508 which are shown on 100 other television networks 355 00:54:21,591 --> 00:54:22,509 throughout the world... 356 00:54:22,592 --> 00:54:25,637 ...have not only popularized underwater science and discovery... 357 00:54:25,720 --> 00:54:27,722 Captain Cousteau has been more responsible 358 00:54:27,806 --> 00:54:29,599 for introducing people to the world beneath the sea... 359 00:54:29,724 --> 00:54:31,226 Captain Jacques Cousteau challenges 360 00:54:31,309 --> 00:54:33,395 the most treacherous of undersea worlds. 361 00:54:33,561 --> 00:54:36,064 Tomorrow, Captain Cousteau will set out on what he's called 362 00:54:36,189 --> 00:54:38,149 the greatest and most difficult expedition of his career... 363 00:54:38,233 --> 00:54:39,985 Captain Cousteau perhaps has done more 364 00:54:40,068 --> 00:54:42,529 than any other individual to reveal the mysteries of the oceans... 365 00:54:42,654 --> 00:54:45,073 The average audience is 26 million viewers. 366 00:54:45,156 --> 00:54:47,367 8-time Emmy Award winning... 367 00:54:47,492 --> 00:54:48,493 Jacques Cousteau. 368 00:54:48,576 --> 00:54:51,538 The most popular documentary series in broadcasting history. 369 00:54:53,623 --> 00:54:57,877 "I have produced for television 52 one-hour films. 370 00:54:59,546 --> 00:55:01,756 "The start was curiosity. 371 00:55:02,340 --> 00:55:04,467 "The enthusiasm about beauty. 372 00:55:06,177 --> 00:55:08,096 "Then came the period of alert, 373 00:55:08,972 --> 00:55:12,392 "because we were looking at things that were actually disappearing. 374 00:55:14,978 --> 00:55:19,691 "And so my past life, as just a mere explorer, is over." 375 00:55:55,602 --> 00:55:58,271 Mr. Chairman, I am greatly honored 376 00:55:58,355 --> 00:56:00,482 to have been invited to come here today 377 00:56:01,733 --> 00:56:05,987 to talk about the element to which I have devoted my life. 378 00:56:06,946 --> 00:56:08,365 The sea. 379 00:56:08,448 --> 00:56:11,159 The sea that is today, as everybody knows, in distress. 380 00:56:14,245 --> 00:56:17,248 I spent my life sailing and swimming through the seas. 381 00:56:18,208 --> 00:56:21,961 In 30 years, I have seen coral reefs turn into wastelands, 382 00:56:22,712 --> 00:56:24,589 rich fishing grounds depleted. 383 00:56:26,257 --> 00:56:29,219 And when I was diving recently, in the Gulf of Lyon, 384 00:56:29,844 --> 00:56:33,598 I was disturbed to find that we have practically destroyed 385 00:56:33,681 --> 00:56:36,351 the original fauna of the continental shelf. 386 00:56:41,272 --> 00:56:44,317 What we are facing is the destruction of the ocean 387 00:56:45,443 --> 00:56:47,487 by pollution and by other causes. 388 00:56:54,786 --> 00:56:56,746 For the past two centuries, 389 00:56:57,497 --> 00:57:00,959 people have been totally unaware that there was an ecological problem. 390 00:57:02,919 --> 00:57:06,464 It was understood that the sea was a vast expanse, 391 00:57:07,132 --> 00:57:10,301 a body of water so big that you could throw anything in it 392 00:57:10,385 --> 00:57:11,261 and it would not matter. 393 00:57:12,470 --> 00:57:13,930 So that is what we did. 394 00:57:17,892 --> 00:57:21,563 Last year, in America first, and then in Europe, and Japan, 395 00:57:22,397 --> 00:57:23,982 people began to understand 396 00:57:24,274 --> 00:57:27,735 and there was an environmental protection movement created. 397 00:57:28,153 --> 00:57:31,990 People start pollution, people can stop it. 398 00:57:33,491 --> 00:57:36,578 Along with my son, and with my friends, 399 00:57:36,661 --> 00:57:39,789 we decided to create The Cousteau Society. 400 00:57:41,040 --> 00:57:44,169 Together with thousands of concerned citizens, like you, 401 00:57:44,669 --> 00:57:48,923 we have begun a nonprofit organization to save not only the sea, 402 00:57:49,007 --> 00:57:51,926 but the precious living systems of our water planet. 403 00:57:52,218 --> 00:57:57,140 Join now. Call 1-800-648-5000 or write to this address. 404 00:57:58,683 --> 00:58:01,227 The awareness of the people is growing. 405 00:58:01,811 --> 00:58:04,230 But there is still a lot of work to do. 406 00:58:08,193 --> 00:58:11,196 So I am dedicating all the rest of my film activities 407 00:58:11,279 --> 00:58:13,531 to try to convince people 408 00:58:14,616 --> 00:58:16,743 that they have to do something about this. 409 00:58:17,660 --> 00:58:21,206 So, films that are no more just about beautiful little fish, 410 00:58:22,248 --> 00:58:24,501 but that are dealing with the fate of mankind. 411 00:59:23,351 --> 00:59:26,437 For example, more than 600 drums 412 00:59:26,521 --> 00:59:29,983 containing deadly lead tetraethyl 413 00:59:30,567 --> 00:59:33,403 were onboard a Yugoslav freighter, Cavtat. 414 00:59:33,945 --> 00:59:38,533 And the ship was rammed and sank in the south of Italy, 415 00:59:38,616 --> 00:59:41,869 three miles off shore at a depth of 300 feet. 416 00:59:44,872 --> 00:59:48,626 Some of the drums are already opened up, and they are going to release 417 00:59:48,710 --> 00:59:51,879 this deadly poison into the Mediterranean Sea. 418 00:59:54,090 --> 00:59:56,634 So it's a difficult problem to solve. 419 00:59:56,718 --> 00:59:59,971 And all governments are turning their back to it. 420 01:00:02,098 --> 01:00:06,102 Judge Maritati orders the Saipem Company to begin salvage, 421 01:00:06,185 --> 01:00:09,772 helped by the Calypso divers, Albert Falco and Raymond Coll. 422 01:00:10,398 --> 01:00:13,484 I, of course, was involved at various stages of the operation. 423 01:00:14,110 --> 01:00:17,030 And once the ships were there, the divers began to work. 424 01:00:22,619 --> 01:00:25,538 (MUSIC CONTINUES 425 01:00:29,709 --> 01:00:32,462 Ninety-seven percent of the lead was recovered. 426 01:00:34,714 --> 01:00:37,508 The rest is lost, because some of the drums 427 01:00:37,592 --> 01:00:39,177 had already been damaged. 428 01:00:41,346 --> 01:00:42,764 Captain Cousteau, I know you have thoughts 429 01:00:42,889 --> 01:00:45,975 about the world's resources being used up. 430 01:00:46,059 --> 01:00:48,353 And you've seen it happening year after year. 431 01:00:48,436 --> 01:00:50,897 Apparently a lot of people who should have didn't. 432 01:00:51,689 --> 01:00:53,816 Do you have anything you want to say about that? 433 01:00:53,900 --> 01:00:58,154 Well, uh, I was already involved 434 01:00:58,237 --> 01:01:01,199 in, how to say, scanning, 435 01:01:01,282 --> 01:01:04,994 the possibilities of extracting energy from the sea. 436 01:01:06,454 --> 01:01:09,332 It was a choice that I made many years ago. 437 01:01:11,042 --> 01:01:13,461 But what I was shocked by, 438 01:01:13,544 --> 01:01:16,422 is the speed and the shamelessness, 439 01:01:16,589 --> 01:01:21,135 with which the industrial interests have threw to the waste basket, 440 01:01:21,219 --> 01:01:22,887 all of the environmental measures 441 01:01:23,429 --> 01:01:26,057 that had been very laboriously taken. 442 01:01:29,644 --> 01:01:33,815 I feel responsible, I feel guilty as everybody else, as you should 443 01:01:34,941 --> 01:01:39,278 that we are drawing blank checks 444 01:01:39,821 --> 01:01:41,280 on future generations. 445 01:01:41,364 --> 01:01:43,157 We don't pay. They are going to pay. 446 01:01:48,079 --> 01:01:49,956 One of the jobs of The Cousteau Society 447 01:01:50,039 --> 01:01:52,542 is that we want the truth to come to the people. 448 01:01:53,126 --> 01:01:57,630 And we are amazed to find out that we became the fastest growing 449 01:01:57,714 --> 01:02:00,216 non-profit organization in just two years. 450 01:02:01,050 --> 01:02:03,845 Now you're talking about the Cousteau Society in the United States, 451 01:02:03,928 --> 01:02:07,014 and that is, what's its membership at the moment? 452 01:02:07,098 --> 01:02:08,558 A hundred and sixty thousand. 453 01:02:09,142 --> 01:02:11,936 And it's growing fast, because we are a young society. 454 01:02:12,019 --> 01:02:14,063 What are you aiming for? What sort of membership? 455 01:02:14,147 --> 01:02:15,273 Several million. 456 01:02:15,356 --> 01:02:16,983 - How many? - Several million. 457 01:02:20,486 --> 01:02:24,532 In Houston, USA, 11,000 people flocked to listen to the man 458 01:02:24,615 --> 01:02:27,285 who according to a recent survey is the celebrity 459 01:02:27,368 --> 01:02:30,455 that next to the president, most Americans would like to meet. 460 01:02:30,872 --> 01:02:33,124 Their hero is Captain Jacques-Yves Cousteau. 461 01:02:42,508 --> 01:02:45,178 Involvement Day is to reawaken a sense of hope 462 01:02:45,261 --> 01:02:48,639 that our actions will not further abuse our life systems. 463 01:02:48,723 --> 01:02:52,852 And in the words of Captain Cousteau, it's going to be up to ordinary citizens. 464 01:02:54,562 --> 01:02:55,730 Captain, this is Matt. 465 01:02:56,564 --> 01:02:59,108 Well, I'd like to ask you how you feel about 466 01:02:59,192 --> 01:03:00,818 underwater civilizations in the future? 467 01:03:01,736 --> 01:03:03,571 Ooh. 468 01:03:04,822 --> 01:03:08,826 I must admit that I once proposed this, but I don't think 469 01:03:08,910 --> 01:03:11,996 that we are going to develop an underwater civilization. 470 01:03:12,079 --> 01:03:13,039 I think, uh... 471 01:03:14,290 --> 01:03:17,293 we should first build a good civilization on land. 472 01:04:04,590 --> 01:04:08,135 In 1954, 473 01:04:08,219 --> 01:04:12,014 I shot a feature length film called The Silent World. 474 01:04:12,098 --> 01:04:14,392 Where in which there was a sequence, 475 01:04:14,475 --> 01:04:19,522 where we saw sharks feed dramatically 476 01:04:19,605 --> 01:04:22,149 on a damaged baby whale. 477 01:04:23,025 --> 01:04:28,531 And, uh, our men got so furious, that they brought them on board the ship, 478 01:04:29,156 --> 01:04:32,743 and they began to hit them on the head, and to kill them. 479 01:04:34,996 --> 01:04:37,206 It was a real slaughter of these sharks, 480 01:04:37,290 --> 01:04:39,667 a kind of age-old revenge of seamen, 481 01:04:39,750 --> 01:04:41,919 you know, that hated sharks for generations. 482 01:04:42,795 --> 01:04:46,299 All right. Now, recently, I saw that film again 483 01:04:46,382 --> 01:04:49,552 because I was asked to show it again in Paris. 484 01:04:50,303 --> 01:04:52,847 And you just... I couldn't... I couldn't agree. 485 01:04:52,930 --> 01:04:55,850 I cannot show it anymore because we all have changed. 486 01:04:55,933 --> 01:04:57,435 Mentality has changed 487 01:04:57,518 --> 01:05:00,229 and we couldn't handle the shark in the same way today. 488 01:05:49,695 --> 01:05:51,155 I think that we are lucky. 489 01:05:52,573 --> 01:05:55,493 We travel a lot and we see things that the others don't. 490 01:05:56,118 --> 01:05:59,830 So it is a duty for us to share these things with them. 491 01:05:59,914 --> 01:06:02,750 And to think a lot about our responsibility. 492 01:06:03,417 --> 01:06:06,420 And we often discuss this, Philippe and I, 493 01:06:06,587 --> 01:06:10,508 and Philippe shares my philosophy on this 100 percent. 494 01:06:10,591 --> 01:06:14,720 It's a great satisfaction to find the same understanding 495 01:06:14,804 --> 01:06:17,306 with your main collaborator. You know? 496 01:06:17,390 --> 01:06:19,225 - That's wonderful. - Well, the basic philosophy I think 497 01:06:19,350 --> 01:06:21,936 is that you cannot really enjoy what you're doing if you don't share it. 498 01:06:22,019 --> 01:06:23,062 That's right. 499 01:07:38,763 --> 01:07:39,972 December five. 500 01:07:40,931 --> 01:07:43,559 I commit Calypso to the perilous Drake Passage 501 01:07:43,642 --> 01:07:46,562 that lies between the extreme tip of South America 502 01:07:46,645 --> 01:07:48,105 and the Antarctic Peninsula. 503 01:07:50,649 --> 01:07:54,570 But at the approach of these polar waters, we feel alien. 504 01:08:20,971 --> 01:08:22,723 We dive in fairly muddy water. 505 01:08:24,183 --> 01:08:27,478 The red algae gives us a waving, inviting welcome. 506 01:08:33,984 --> 01:08:36,362 Along the cliff, down to one hundred feet, 507 01:08:36,987 --> 01:08:39,406 we discover an unexpected profusion of life. 508 01:08:51,210 --> 01:08:53,671 I am eager to take down the diving saucer, 509 01:08:54,130 --> 01:08:56,549 to explore the deeper polar waters. 510 01:09:03,973 --> 01:09:06,267 Falco will pilot the saucer while I film. 511 01:09:23,868 --> 01:09:26,453 A little lower, an opening gapes in the wall. 512 01:09:33,252 --> 01:09:35,045 Dull, cracking sounds are warnings 513 01:09:35,129 --> 01:09:37,965 that the iceberg is under immeasurable internal stress. 514 01:09:43,012 --> 01:09:46,223 It is a giant crystal, melting under my eyes. 515 01:09:51,520 --> 01:09:54,064 We are witnesses to the vanishing of an eternity. 516 01:10:24,845 --> 01:10:27,264 You know, I must tell you that I hate danger. 517 01:10:28,390 --> 01:10:32,144 I'm not one of these people who have to have a thrill. 518 01:10:33,687 --> 01:10:36,649 But you too, I think we, we all in the family, 519 01:10:36,982 --> 01:10:38,692 we are not daredevils at all. 520 01:10:38,776 --> 01:10:39,985 - Yeah. - Yeah? 521 01:10:40,319 --> 01:10:42,238 Oh, but you're flying planes. 522 01:10:43,155 --> 01:10:45,115 Mm-hmm. You don't like him... 523 01:10:45,324 --> 01:10:47,117 - I don't know. - You don't like him to fly planes? 524 01:10:47,201 --> 01:10:49,286 - Well, I'm not so sure. Hmm. 525 01:11:07,388 --> 01:11:13,310 Philippe had this idea to make a film in North African countries, 526 01:11:14,019 --> 01:11:15,020 and I approved it. 527 01:11:15,562 --> 01:11:18,399 And he started with his airplane. 528 01:11:19,441 --> 01:11:20,484 And... 529 01:11:22,361 --> 01:11:23,362 that was it. 530 01:11:42,798 --> 01:11:44,258 Why? How? 531 01:11:45,301 --> 01:11:46,885 Philippe was an excellent pilot. 532 01:11:48,595 --> 01:11:51,682 A poorly latched hatch on the nose of the plane 533 01:11:51,765 --> 01:11:56,812 had just annihilated my beloved son and a part of me with him. 534 01:12:21,587 --> 01:12:22,880 Arms, present! 535 01:13:16,892 --> 01:13:19,520 We are here in joy. 536 01:13:21,438 --> 01:13:25,109 And I share that joy with you, with tears in my eyes 537 01:13:27,778 --> 01:13:30,447 because of the great absence tonight -- Philippe. 538 01:13:42,042 --> 01:13:43,335 After Philippe died, 539 01:13:44,294 --> 01:13:47,548 Jacques' entire physical appearance was absolutely different. 540 01:13:48,882 --> 01:13:50,300 He had aged ten years. 541 01:13:51,218 --> 01:13:54,012 He was bent over, his skin was sallow. 542 01:13:58,434 --> 01:14:00,144 And, as time went by, 543 01:14:01,770 --> 01:14:06,442 he became more pessimistic about the environment. 544 01:14:15,617 --> 01:14:20,247 In 1977, Cousteau and the Calypso divers returned to Veyron. 545 01:14:24,543 --> 01:14:27,880 In only three decades, the sea floor has become a desert. 546 01:14:28,422 --> 01:14:30,799 Bleak as the surface of some barren planet. 547 01:14:34,636 --> 01:14:39,057 In this submerged desolation, the water temperature seems to rise, 548 01:14:39,141 --> 01:14:41,560 burning our hands in spite of our gloves. 549 01:14:43,520 --> 01:14:44,938 Our eyes are burning. 550 01:14:45,564 --> 01:14:48,942 Tears pour down our faces, blurring our vision. 551 01:14:49,776 --> 01:14:51,403 The pain is unbearable. 552 01:14:53,071 --> 01:14:55,157 We have penetrated a zone of death, 553 01:14:55,866 --> 01:14:59,369 a region where no living thing can long survive. 554 01:15:07,628 --> 01:15:10,714 ABC dropped him because he was getting too dark. 555 01:15:13,467 --> 01:15:16,887 They didn't want him browbeating the audiences 556 01:15:16,970 --> 01:15:19,223 with these, uh, dismal stories. 557 01:15:22,434 --> 01:15:25,312 He was more strident, trying to convince people 558 01:15:25,395 --> 01:15:27,064 rather than just showing them. 559 01:15:28,398 --> 01:15:32,402 And I think he became somewhat cynical at that point in his life. 560 01:15:36,782 --> 01:15:39,952 Can you tell me what you think are your greatest accomplishments 561 01:15:40,035 --> 01:15:41,245 and your greatest phase? 562 01:15:42,162 --> 01:15:45,207 This is... This is impossible to answer 563 01:15:45,290 --> 01:15:49,294 because I am not interested in analyzing myself. 564 01:15:49,795 --> 01:15:50,879 Why haven't you? 565 01:15:50,963 --> 01:15:53,757 I am not interested in myself once and for all. 566 01:15:53,840 --> 01:15:56,385 I am interested in the world outside me. 567 01:15:56,468 --> 01:15:59,304 My world inside is nothing for me. 568 01:16:15,112 --> 01:16:18,198 I keep thinking of a day that we spent together. 569 01:16:19,074 --> 01:16:22,703 We were working on our book and he had flown to Paris to meet me. 570 01:16:24,121 --> 01:16:27,124 The people on the plane had formed a line in the aisle 571 01:16:27,207 --> 01:16:28,917 while they awaited his autograph. 572 01:16:29,334 --> 01:16:33,338 And he said, "I spend every day, all day long going to meetings, 573 01:16:33,422 --> 01:16:36,800 "doing films, doing research, and the only thing they want 574 01:16:36,883 --> 01:16:39,595 "is a piece of paper with the name Jacques Cousteau. 575 01:16:40,178 --> 01:16:42,180 "And that's what they are going to enshrine." 576 01:16:43,056 --> 01:16:45,642 And he got more and more angry about it. 577 01:17:34,524 --> 01:17:36,985 I think the two of us were needing 578 01:17:37,235 --> 01:17:39,780 to have a new life, when we met. 579 01:17:44,868 --> 01:17:47,496 But in my mind and in his mind... 580 01:17:47,954 --> 01:17:51,458 it was not linked with anything romantic. 581 01:17:53,210 --> 01:17:56,922 I was 31, and I was a diver. 582 01:17:58,548 --> 01:18:02,344 So at that time, it was just about diving. 583 01:18:06,014 --> 01:18:08,642 We had organized, what we called at the time, 584 01:18:08,725 --> 01:18:11,228 Involvement Day in Houston. 585 01:18:11,978 --> 01:18:16,400 And I went diving with a club, and she was there. 586 01:18:16,483 --> 01:18:19,361 And I thought she was an interesting girl. 587 01:18:23,198 --> 01:18:26,368 At that time, she had a brilliant career 588 01:18:26,451 --> 01:18:32,207 at Air France, in charge of diplomatic travels for the French government. 589 01:18:35,502 --> 01:18:38,922 I think what Jacques wanted the most probably at that time 590 01:18:39,005 --> 01:18:41,758 was to have a place with a family. 591 01:18:42,884 --> 01:18:47,264 Not that he didn't have a family before, but because of the kind of life he had, 592 01:18:47,347 --> 01:18:49,391 he was never two minutes in the same place. 593 01:18:52,561 --> 01:18:54,062 His wife was on the boat. 594 01:18:55,105 --> 01:18:57,816 And the kids were in boarding school. 595 01:18:57,899 --> 01:19:02,487 And him, he was traveling everywhere, so there was no family, 596 01:19:02,571 --> 01:19:04,489 what we call "foyer," in French. 597 01:19:04,781 --> 01:19:08,910 It's a place where the family goes together, regularly. 598 01:19:09,619 --> 01:19:10,620 Home. 599 01:19:12,664 --> 01:19:13,915 He needed to have that. 600 01:19:19,337 --> 01:19:23,842 We knew a little bit about his relationship with Francine. 601 01:19:25,010 --> 01:19:30,724 And Cousteau, during that time, he had two children with her. 602 01:19:31,099 --> 01:19:34,394 But we never talked about them. 603 01:19:34,978 --> 01:19:36,938 But everyone knew. 604 01:19:37,230 --> 01:19:39,900 And I think Simone knew too. 605 01:20:02,923 --> 01:20:05,175 "The last time we had dinner together, 606 01:20:06,009 --> 01:20:07,177 "I knew she was not well. 607 01:20:08,261 --> 01:20:10,472 "But I had no idea what was wrong with her. 608 01:20:12,182 --> 01:20:14,601 "She had made the doctor promise not to tell me, 609 01:20:15,519 --> 01:20:17,229 "so as not to disturb my work". 610 01:21:08,405 --> 01:21:10,740 Calypso has given me everything. 611 01:21:11,741 --> 01:21:16,079 No man in the world could ever offer me what this vessel has. 612 01:21:18,498 --> 01:21:20,500 This boat is my paradise. 613 01:21:21,167 --> 01:21:24,671 And it's a wonder to pass my hand over the hull. 614 01:21:25,380 --> 01:21:26,673 To breathe its paint. 615 01:21:27,757 --> 01:21:29,551 To feel its vibrations. 616 01:21:30,886 --> 01:21:34,306 Its soul, the only reason for my being alive. 617 01:22:17,682 --> 01:22:21,102 Jacques never explained to anybody our private life. 618 01:22:22,854 --> 01:22:26,775 But he was getting worried that if anything happened to him, 619 01:22:26,858 --> 01:22:28,360 we would not be protected. 620 01:22:29,069 --> 01:22:31,947 So that was the reason we were married so early 621 01:22:32,030 --> 01:22:34,240 after his first wife died. 622 01:22:43,833 --> 01:22:45,961 When Francine married Jacques, 623 01:22:46,836 --> 01:22:49,923 I don't think that the French were shocked or cared. 624 01:22:52,050 --> 01:22:55,845 What mattered to them was what is Cousteau accomplishing. 625 01:22:57,514 --> 01:23:00,934 Francine started writing the narration for his films. 626 01:23:01,851 --> 01:23:04,896 And helping him to lead The Cousteau Society. 627 01:23:08,358 --> 01:23:11,486 And he said that their kids gave him a new beginning. 628 01:23:32,465 --> 01:23:36,177 And he said that even though he knew he was at the end of his life, 629 01:23:37,095 --> 01:23:38,596 he wasn't finished yet. 630 01:23:43,685 --> 01:23:46,312 Antarctica, it of course is the remote region 631 01:23:46,604 --> 01:23:49,733 at the center of a fierce international debate this morning. 632 01:23:49,816 --> 01:23:52,819 Should the majestic continent forever remain untouched 633 01:23:52,902 --> 01:23:54,070 underneath the ice? 634 01:23:54,362 --> 01:23:55,989 Or in a world of diminishing resources, 635 01:23:56,072 --> 01:23:59,034 should Antarctica be tapped for oil and precious minerals? 636 01:23:59,909 --> 01:24:03,079 You've said the survival of Antarctica, um, 637 01:24:03,621 --> 01:24:05,623 and the survival of the human race are linked. 638 01:24:05,832 --> 01:24:08,168 Is that alarmist, or explain how that would be? 639 01:24:08,877 --> 01:24:12,464 Yes, the science today, 640 01:24:13,381 --> 01:24:15,175 understands much better 641 01:24:15,842 --> 01:24:20,221 the role of the Antarctic system in the making of our own climates 642 01:24:20,305 --> 01:24:21,556 all over the world. 643 01:24:24,559 --> 01:24:28,521 The combination of industrialization and deforestation 644 01:24:29,022 --> 01:24:32,817 have increased the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, 645 01:24:33,651 --> 01:24:37,155 triggering a dangerous warming up of our planet. 646 01:24:39,616 --> 01:24:43,495 The Antarctic, this mass of ice, 90% of the ice of the world, 647 01:24:44,120 --> 01:24:46,331 governs the climate even in the United States 648 01:24:46,414 --> 01:24:47,874 or Europe in the northern hemisphere. 649 01:24:48,625 --> 01:24:52,754 If we touch Antarctica with industry, 650 01:24:52,837 --> 01:24:54,964 with explosions and et cetera, 651 01:24:55,173 --> 01:24:56,883 we don't know what can happen. 652 01:24:57,050 --> 01:25:00,053 And we may bring about famines in Africa, 653 01:25:00,136 --> 01:25:03,181 and even droughts in the United States. 654 01:25:03,681 --> 01:25:06,851 Because we now understand that our globe 655 01:25:06,935 --> 01:25:11,898 is just one single thermodynamic machine, that it works simply 656 01:25:11,981 --> 01:25:15,568 with a heat source from the sun, and a cold source from Antarctica. 657 01:25:15,652 --> 01:25:17,237 And we must not touch it. 658 01:25:34,504 --> 01:25:36,673 I decided to start a petition, 659 01:25:37,298 --> 01:25:40,885 to put pressure on the industry leaders and the politicians. 660 01:25:44,556 --> 01:25:47,433 Because they will not do it by their own incentive. 661 01:25:48,184 --> 01:25:49,853 It has to be under pressure. 662 01:25:53,481 --> 01:25:57,485 Now recently, I even had an opportunity to tell our story 663 01:25:57,569 --> 01:25:59,988 to the President of the United States, 664 01:26:00,071 --> 01:26:02,991 and I think that he was very receptive to what we said. 665 01:26:04,617 --> 01:26:08,163 Jacques Cousteau has forced a change of policy towards Antarctica, 666 01:26:08,246 --> 01:26:11,166 against mining or any exploitation of resources there. 667 01:26:12,333 --> 01:26:15,753 Twenty-six nations agreed to leave Antarctica untouched 668 01:26:15,837 --> 01:26:16,963 for at least 50 years. 669 01:26:40,445 --> 01:26:42,113 Distinguished ladies and gentleman, 670 01:26:42,197 --> 01:26:44,782 it is my privilege to talk to you 671 01:26:45,116 --> 01:26:48,578 in the most important conference 672 01:26:48,661 --> 01:26:51,539 on the environment that has ever been imagined. 673 01:26:52,332 --> 01:26:55,668 The biggest summit meeting ever has finally begun. 674 01:26:56,252 --> 01:26:58,087 The Earth Summit as it's called. 675 01:26:58,546 --> 01:27:03,051 Representatives of 170 nations have a very tall order, 676 01:27:03,218 --> 01:27:06,179 how to prevent making the Earth an unlivable place. 677 01:27:06,888 --> 01:27:09,515 Among the thousands who are taking part in the Earth Summit, 678 01:27:09,807 --> 01:27:12,435 one man can claim to have molded public opinion 679 01:27:12,685 --> 01:27:14,479 even before this conference began. 680 01:27:15,647 --> 01:27:18,149 Jacques Cousteau's enthusiasm, his scholarship, 681 01:27:18,566 --> 01:27:20,193 and his reach toward ordinary people 682 01:27:20,276 --> 01:27:22,904 have motivated pressure groups and governments alike. 683 01:27:23,446 --> 01:27:26,115 At the age of 80, he can take no little credit 684 01:27:26,199 --> 01:27:28,076 for bringing the Earth Summit into being. 685 01:27:34,415 --> 01:27:37,543 He says he's optimistic about the outcome of this conference, 686 01:27:37,669 --> 01:27:40,672 but warned of continuing threats to the world's environment. 687 01:27:41,547 --> 01:27:43,841 Non-renewable resources are depleted. 688 01:27:45,051 --> 01:27:48,096 Biodiversity shrinks to alarming levels. 689 01:27:49,389 --> 01:27:52,725 Energy is in unreasonable demand. 690 01:27:53,851 --> 01:27:57,397 And above all, the melting of glaciers and of ice caps, 691 01:27:57,480 --> 01:27:59,983 and catastrophic rise of the ocean levels, 692 01:28:00,066 --> 01:28:00,942 has already begun. 693 01:28:01,859 --> 01:28:05,113 But listen to this, all the people of the world, 694 01:28:05,822 --> 01:28:07,907 the beginning of everything is in Rio. 695 01:28:08,074 --> 01:28:11,536 For the first time, the immense majority of the leaders, 696 01:28:11,619 --> 01:28:14,497 they have promised beautiful things. All of them. 697 01:28:15,373 --> 01:28:19,460 Now we have to force them to transform these words into acts. 698 01:29:03,546 --> 01:29:06,299 Captain, are you optimistic about the way that nations 699 01:29:06,382 --> 01:29:08,426 are going to handle this resource of ours? 700 01:29:09,427 --> 01:29:13,931 I was asked this question very often and I ask myself this question. 701 01:29:16,225 --> 01:29:19,020 When I reason, I put things together, 702 01:29:19,520 --> 01:29:24,067 I am optimistic because I have a great faith in human beings 703 01:29:25,276 --> 01:29:28,738 and I believe that someday people are going to revolt 704 01:29:29,489 --> 01:29:30,698 and begin to care.