1 00:00:04,739 --> 00:00:08,540 ¶ ¶ 2 00:00:08,542 --> 00:00:14,980 ¶ ¶ 3 00:00:14,982 --> 00:00:16,048 BROADCASTER: With up to a billion bucks 4 00:00:16,050 --> 00:00:17,516 of treasure on the line, 5 00:00:17,518 --> 00:00:21,787 this is going to be a fight all the way to the finish. 6 00:00:21,789 --> 00:00:24,323 BROADCASTER: So, who does it belong to? 7 00:00:24,325 --> 00:00:26,258 "We found it, it's ours," 8 00:00:26,260 --> 00:00:29,061 says Florida salvage company Odyssey Marine. 9 00:00:29,063 --> 00:00:33,165 The Spanish government says, "We don't think so." 10 00:00:33,167 --> 00:00:35,300 BROADCASTER: Lawyer James Goold is representing Spain 11 00:00:35,302 --> 00:00:38,303 in its legal battle with Odyssey Marine. 12 00:00:38,305 --> 00:00:41,540 JAMES GOOLD: Sunken ships are like time capsules. 13 00:00:41,542 --> 00:00:45,144 I've specialized in protecting them 14 00:00:45,146 --> 00:00:48,213 from treasure hunting companies. 15 00:00:48,215 --> 00:00:51,784 Spain's history has been taken, and we've got to get it back. 16 00:00:51,786 --> 00:00:55,254 But that doesn't mean that a US judge has to agree with me. 17 00:00:55,256 --> 00:00:56,855 I've got to prove it. 18 00:00:56,857 --> 00:00:57,956 NEIL CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: As far as I'm concerned, 19 00:00:57,958 --> 00:00:59,925 it didn't belong to Spain. 20 00:00:59,927 --> 00:01:02,361 We were conducting salvage operations 21 00:01:02,363 --> 00:01:03,896 in international waters. 22 00:01:03,898 --> 00:01:05,297 (boom) 23 00:01:05,299 --> 00:01:07,900 NARRATOR: At stake, not just half a billion dollars, 24 00:01:07,902 --> 00:01:09,701 but a crucial question: 25 00:01:09,703 --> 00:01:11,804 Who owns history? 26 00:01:11,806 --> 00:01:16,442 The answer lies in a wreck over half a mile under the waves. 27 00:01:16,444 --> 00:01:17,643 INTERVIEWER: What, for you, is the difference 28 00:01:17,645 --> 00:01:22,014 between treasure hunting and marine archaeology? 29 00:01:22,016 --> 00:01:23,382 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: Well, there's the thing. 30 00:01:23,384 --> 00:01:24,416 (laughs) 31 00:01:24,418 --> 00:01:25,784 How long have we got? 32 00:01:25,786 --> 00:01:29,822 ¶ ¶ 33 00:01:29,824 --> 00:01:33,725 ¶ ¶ 34 00:01:37,198 --> 00:01:42,334 ¶ ¶ 35 00:01:42,336 --> 00:01:45,504 TOM DETTWEILER: We went out in the Atlantic Ocean. 36 00:01:45,506 --> 00:01:47,806 The North Atlantic has a tendency 37 00:01:47,808 --> 00:01:50,175 to be on the bad side, 38 00:01:50,177 --> 00:01:51,677 storms come across the ocean 39 00:01:51,679 --> 00:01:53,212 on a regular basis. 40 00:01:53,214 --> 00:01:56,148 It was a difficult area to work in. 41 00:01:56,150 --> 00:01:59,485 But I have to say, we'd gotten quite good at that. 42 00:01:59,487 --> 00:02:02,187 We had made modifications to the ship over the years 43 00:02:02,189 --> 00:02:05,157 to help it operate better under those conditions. 44 00:02:05,159 --> 00:02:07,693 And so we just went out and started "mowing the lawn," 45 00:02:07,695 --> 00:02:08,927 is what we call it, 46 00:02:08,929 --> 00:02:12,297 covering it with sonar, looking for more wrecks. 47 00:02:12,299 --> 00:02:13,765 All of these searches 48 00:02:13,767 --> 00:02:19,438 are hours and hours and hours of very tedious monitoring. 49 00:02:19,440 --> 00:02:23,142 But you can't let your concentration stray. 50 00:02:23,144 --> 00:02:26,778 And we came across quite a number of shipwrecks 51 00:02:26,780 --> 00:02:29,414 in that area. 52 00:02:29,416 --> 00:02:31,817 You know, a lot of these shipwrecks were unidentified. 53 00:02:31,819 --> 00:02:34,186 So, we just kept doing that, mowing the lawn, 54 00:02:34,188 --> 00:02:35,621 finding more wrecks. 55 00:02:35,623 --> 00:02:37,756 And then all of a sudden, with the sonar, 56 00:02:37,758 --> 00:02:42,227 we came across little hard dots, which represents a debris field. 57 00:02:44,765 --> 00:02:46,265 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: It didn't look like a shipwreck. 58 00:02:46,267 --> 00:02:47,666 Unless you knew what you were looking for, 59 00:02:47,668 --> 00:02:49,768 you wouldn't give it a second glance. 60 00:02:52,206 --> 00:02:53,572 So, we're gonna put an ROV in the water, 61 00:02:53,574 --> 00:02:57,543 and we're gonna go down and have a look at this. 62 00:02:57,545 --> 00:03:00,479 SEAN KINGSLEY: We're talking 1,100 meters to the seabed. 63 00:03:00,481 --> 00:03:03,382 That's twice the height of the Empire State Building. 64 00:03:03,384 --> 00:03:05,484 After 150, 200 meters, 65 00:03:05,486 --> 00:03:07,052 the daylight disappears, 66 00:03:07,054 --> 00:03:08,487 it's complete darkness. 67 00:03:11,525 --> 00:03:14,059 DETTWEILER: We drove towards the area with the ROV 68 00:03:14,061 --> 00:03:18,096 so that we tried to get a big picture of what it looked like. 69 00:03:18,098 --> 00:03:21,767 KINGSLEY: Then suddenly Zeus turns on its lights, and boom, 70 00:03:21,769 --> 00:03:23,268 there are these rocks on the seabed, 71 00:03:23,270 --> 00:03:27,940 and the ROV crawls in. 72 00:03:27,942 --> 00:03:29,308 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: When you looked out the gloom 73 00:03:29,310 --> 00:03:33,845 and you saw down, these molehills. 74 00:03:33,847 --> 00:03:37,049 DETTWEILER: The ROV operator, he screamed, "That's coins." 75 00:03:37,051 --> 00:03:38,050 (laughs) 76 00:03:38,052 --> 00:03:40,185 And the room just exploded 77 00:03:40,187 --> 00:03:43,822 because everybody else had been kind of afraid to say it. 78 00:03:43,824 --> 00:03:44,957 MAN 1: Look at that lot. 79 00:03:44,959 --> 00:03:46,425 MAN 2: Yes. MAN 3: Wow. 80 00:03:46,427 --> 00:03:48,160 MAN 4: Yay! 81 00:03:48,162 --> 00:03:51,997 MAN 1: Thousands. 82 00:03:51,999 --> 00:03:55,200 DETTWEILER: Uh, yeah, there were just coins everywhere. 83 00:03:55,202 --> 00:03:56,602 It was unbelievable. 84 00:04:02,243 --> 00:04:05,410 Greg and I had known each other for quite a number of years. 85 00:04:05,412 --> 00:04:07,646 He would come out on the ship with us quite often 86 00:04:07,648 --> 00:04:09,381 whenever he could get away from the office 87 00:04:09,383 --> 00:04:10,716 for any period of time. 88 00:04:10,718 --> 00:04:12,384 He loves the adventure. 89 00:04:12,386 --> 00:04:14,987 GREG STEMM: Archaeologists actually run our operations. 90 00:04:14,989 --> 00:04:17,055 But we're also in a commercial business. 91 00:04:17,057 --> 00:04:19,324 We sell the duplicate coins. 92 00:04:19,326 --> 00:04:22,060 We'll make those available to the public so they can own them. 93 00:04:22,062 --> 00:04:25,147 KINGSLEY: If you've got 50,000 coins which are all the same, 94 00:04:25,149 --> 00:04:29,268 put some in a museum, and sell the rest to pay for the science 95 00:04:29,270 --> 00:04:31,803 and perhaps create a bit of a profit. 96 00:04:31,805 --> 00:04:33,438 DETTWEILER: I think we had investigated 97 00:04:33,440 --> 00:04:36,174 six targets that day. 98 00:04:36,176 --> 00:04:41,580 And so when you suddenly had success, it's great joy. 99 00:04:41,582 --> 00:04:47,519 This was the last shipwreck of the day. 100 00:04:47,521 --> 00:04:49,488 KINGSLEY: The site's a monster. 101 00:04:49,490 --> 00:04:53,625 It's 282 meters long, 100 meters wide. 102 00:04:53,627 --> 00:04:56,495 DETTWEILER: It represented the size of a football pitch. 103 00:04:56,497 --> 00:04:59,464 It was unbelievable. 104 00:04:59,466 --> 00:05:02,701 And we just kept finding bundle after bundle after bundle 105 00:05:02,703 --> 00:05:05,637 of coins. 106 00:05:05,639 --> 00:05:07,239 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: And at this time we know we're clicking, 107 00:05:07,241 --> 00:05:08,607 wow, this is a lot of money here, 108 00:05:08,609 --> 00:05:10,108 this is hundreds of millions. 109 00:05:10,110 --> 00:05:12,678 But where's the rest of the wreck? 110 00:05:12,680 --> 00:05:14,212 Where is it? 111 00:05:14,214 --> 00:05:20,786 Why have we got all these mounds of coins and not any structure? 112 00:05:20,788 --> 00:05:23,121 KINGSLEY: The shipwreck is something that has a keel, 113 00:05:23,123 --> 00:05:26,725 it has hull, you can make out different clusters of material 114 00:05:26,727 --> 00:05:28,560 or pottery or cannon. 115 00:05:28,562 --> 00:05:32,998 But this was just scattered as far as the eye could see. 116 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:35,467 There is no part of the structure of a ship. 117 00:05:35,469 --> 00:05:36,501 It's gone. 118 00:05:36,503 --> 00:05:40,005 And it's confusing, right? 119 00:05:40,007 --> 00:05:41,340 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: So, then that's when 120 00:05:41,342 --> 00:05:43,575 the underwater detectives bit comes in 121 00:05:43,577 --> 00:05:46,678 and read the map and sees what it is. 122 00:05:46,680 --> 00:05:50,182 KINGSLEY: And Zeus started to fly across the seabed, 123 00:05:50,184 --> 00:05:52,617 not touch anything, just take photographs. 124 00:05:52,619 --> 00:05:54,019 (click) 125 00:05:54,021 --> 00:05:55,921 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: Click, click, click, click, click, click, 126 00:05:55,923 --> 00:05:59,024 click, click, click, click, click, taking pictures. 127 00:05:59,026 --> 00:06:02,494 DETTWEILER: It would oftentime take two days, three days 128 00:06:02,496 --> 00:06:07,499 till we collected enough images to stitch them together. 129 00:06:07,501 --> 00:06:08,700 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: I think, was it 130 00:06:08,702 --> 00:06:13,171 13, 14,000 images in this photo mosaic. 131 00:06:13,173 --> 00:06:15,307 I thought wow. 132 00:06:15,309 --> 00:06:18,009 What have we got here? 133 00:06:18,011 --> 00:06:21,246 I've got this perfect map. 134 00:06:21,248 --> 00:06:25,450 It was unbelievable to see these mounds. 135 00:06:25,452 --> 00:06:29,721 KINGSLEY: This is a massive concentration of clumps of coins 136 00:06:29,723 --> 00:06:34,292 with copper ingots, bars of tin, 137 00:06:34,294 --> 00:06:37,095 and then some small finds. 138 00:06:37,097 --> 00:06:39,698 It's a strange mess. 139 00:06:39,700 --> 00:06:42,868 A random collection of artifacts, 140 00:06:42,870 --> 00:06:46,338 as if you've thrown something out of a hundred-story window. 141 00:06:46,340 --> 00:06:51,877 ¶ ¶ 142 00:06:51,879 --> 00:06:53,178 DETTWEILER: You know, initially, 143 00:06:53,180 --> 00:06:55,280 we can't even say it's from one ship 144 00:06:55,282 --> 00:06:59,050 because it was scattered so far and wide. 145 00:06:59,052 --> 00:07:02,087 KINGSLEY: And nobody has seen anything like this before. 146 00:07:02,089 --> 00:07:04,356 How does a ship break up in such a way 147 00:07:04,358 --> 00:07:05,524 to form in this manner, 148 00:07:05,526 --> 00:07:07,692 and what happened to the rest of it? 149 00:07:07,694 --> 00:07:13,165 ¶ ¶ 150 00:07:13,167 --> 00:07:15,367 STEMM: Until we get more artifacts up and identify it, 151 00:07:15,369 --> 00:07:16,802 all we know right now 152 00:07:16,804 --> 00:07:19,571 is that we found a shipwreck with a bunch of coins on it. 153 00:07:19,573 --> 00:07:22,140 And that's not a bad thing, no matter where they came from. 154 00:07:22,142 --> 00:07:23,141 (laughs) 155 00:07:23,143 --> 00:07:29,147 (telephone ringing) 156 00:07:29,149 --> 00:07:32,017 DELGADO: I got this call out of the blue. 157 00:07:32,019 --> 00:07:33,251 Hello, Jim Delgado. 158 00:07:33,253 --> 00:07:34,219 It was Greg. 159 00:07:34,221 --> 00:07:35,320 Oh, hi, Greg. How are you? 160 00:07:35,322 --> 00:07:37,055 I don't know why Greg called. 161 00:07:37,057 --> 00:07:39,558 It surprised me. 162 00:07:39,560 --> 00:07:43,762 I met Greg Stemm at a conference in the UK 163 00:07:43,764 --> 00:07:46,364 talking about shipwrecks on the high seas 164 00:07:46,366 --> 00:07:48,733 and a new type of business model 165 00:07:48,735 --> 00:07:51,369 with selling the goods of the past. 166 00:07:51,371 --> 00:07:54,973 But I didn't know the man and I'd never worked with him, 167 00:07:54,975 --> 00:07:58,176 so I didn't have much of a sense of Greg. 168 00:07:58,178 --> 00:08:01,079 He said he was at a site, and the most amazing thing 169 00:08:01,081 --> 00:08:04,082 was that there was no shipwreck, he said. 170 00:08:04,084 --> 00:08:06,485 It was as if somebody had just discarded 171 00:08:06,487 --> 00:08:09,321 and thrown over chests of coins. 172 00:08:09,323 --> 00:08:12,290 Had I ever seen a site like that? 173 00:08:12,292 --> 00:08:15,427 I said, "No, I never had." 174 00:08:15,429 --> 00:08:17,395 It seemed rather strange. 175 00:08:17,397 --> 00:08:20,165 I said, "Are they pattered or positioned in a way 176 00:08:20,167 --> 00:08:23,335 that suggests that maybe a ship fell over and capsized, 177 00:08:23,337 --> 00:08:24,936 or is there more of a wreck buried?" 178 00:08:24,938 --> 00:08:27,105 He said, "No, it's just this money." 179 00:08:27,107 --> 00:08:29,140 I said, "Well, that's interesting. 180 00:08:29,142 --> 00:08:31,977 I've never seen anything like that." 181 00:08:31,979 --> 00:08:36,481 And when I hung up, I wondered, what was that all about? 182 00:08:36,483 --> 00:08:39,584 And that's the last I thought of it for a while. 183 00:08:42,523 --> 00:08:43,722 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: Right away we knew 184 00:08:43,724 --> 00:08:45,957 that there's a lot of value in these coins. 185 00:08:45,959 --> 00:08:51,196 So we decided on a methodology for an excavation of the site. 186 00:08:51,198 --> 00:08:52,864 DETTWEILER: We designed special tools 187 00:08:52,866 --> 00:08:56,468 to be able to protect these very fragile clumps of coins 188 00:08:56,470 --> 00:09:00,188 or artifacts that we had anticipated recovering. 189 00:09:00,190 --> 00:09:01,806 STEMM: Oh, wow! 190 00:09:01,808 --> 00:09:04,242 (laughing) 191 00:09:04,244 --> 00:09:08,246 DETTWEILER: There are just tons of coins coming up 192 00:09:08,248 --> 00:09:09,481 coated in mud, 193 00:09:09,483 --> 00:09:11,716 and the archaeologists would have to spend time 194 00:09:11,718 --> 00:09:14,686 sorting them out of the mud. 195 00:09:14,688 --> 00:09:16,087 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: This stuff's really worse 196 00:09:16,089 --> 00:09:18,256 than baby poo on a blanket. 197 00:09:18,258 --> 00:09:20,759 DETTWEILER: And then recording all the details of each coin 198 00:09:20,761 --> 00:09:23,261 and giving it an artifact number and logging it. 199 00:09:23,263 --> 00:09:25,130 You know, then it would go into a bucket 200 00:09:25,132 --> 00:09:28,466 where we put a preserving fluid to try to protect the coins 201 00:09:28,468 --> 00:09:31,036 as much as we could till we could 'em ashore. 202 00:09:31,038 --> 00:09:34,039 And Greg was out there every time the vehicle came up, 203 00:09:34,041 --> 00:09:38,076 and, you know, looking at what we had brought up. 204 00:09:38,078 --> 00:09:41,413 STEMM: It's a lot of coins down there. 205 00:09:41,415 --> 00:09:42,447 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: What was very interesting 206 00:09:42,449 --> 00:09:44,115 about the coin collection 207 00:09:44,117 --> 00:09:46,918 is the damage on these coins is obviously done 208 00:09:46,920 --> 00:09:51,623 through some traumatic force, such as a huge explosion. 209 00:09:51,625 --> 00:09:55,293 So, I was trying to separate the bent coins 210 00:09:55,295 --> 00:09:59,397 so that I could take them to an expert on explosions 211 00:09:59,399 --> 00:10:03,802 and work out how did this coin get bent like that. 212 00:10:03,804 --> 00:10:05,570 DETTWEILER: We didn't know at the time, 213 00:10:05,572 --> 00:10:09,608 but ultimately we recovered 17 tons of silver coins. 214 00:10:09,610 --> 00:10:12,243 And we did it in roughly three weeks. 215 00:10:12,245 --> 00:10:14,546 It's an unbelievable recovery. 216 00:10:14,548 --> 00:10:19,117 ¶ ¶ 217 00:10:19,119 --> 00:10:23,672 ¶ ¶ 218 00:10:23,674 --> 00:10:26,524 NARRATOR: Odyssey decide to fly the coins and artifacts 219 00:10:26,526 --> 00:10:27,959 to the United States 220 00:10:27,961 --> 00:10:31,129 and file a claim on the treasure. 221 00:10:31,131 --> 00:10:33,965 DETTWEILER: We quickly filled up the cargo spaces of the plane, 222 00:10:33,967 --> 00:10:36,401 and we still had buckets, and so they went into seats 223 00:10:36,403 --> 00:10:38,770 and got individually strapped into the seats. 224 00:10:38,772 --> 00:10:40,522 STEMM: This is so surreal. 225 00:10:40,524 --> 00:10:45,844 ¶ ¶ 226 00:10:45,846 --> 00:10:52,717 ¶ ¶ 227 00:10:52,719 --> 00:10:55,920 DETTWEILER: We had not seen anything to identify the wreck. 228 00:10:55,922 --> 00:10:58,923 And so we kept referring to it as the Black Swan, 229 00:10:58,925 --> 00:11:01,476 the code name that we gave to it. 230 00:11:01,478 --> 00:11:03,361 KINGSLEY: At the time, Greg was reading 231 00:11:03,363 --> 00:11:06,364 Nassim Taleb's book on the black swan. 232 00:11:06,366 --> 00:11:10,268 A black swan event is something that is completely unexpected 233 00:11:10,270 --> 00:11:12,971 and utterly transforms the world we live in. 234 00:11:12,973 --> 00:11:15,740 So, everything sort of clicked into place. 235 00:11:18,345 --> 00:11:20,412 BROADCASTER: But deep-sea explorers out of Tampa 236 00:11:20,414 --> 00:11:22,881 have struck gold for real. 237 00:11:22,883 --> 00:11:25,850 Divers for a company called Odyssey Marine Explorations 238 00:11:25,852 --> 00:11:28,103 found a ship that sank in the Atlantic. 239 00:11:33,060 --> 00:11:36,027 BROADCASTER: 17 tons of silver and gold coins. 240 00:11:36,029 --> 00:11:38,963 Up to $500 million. 241 00:11:40,801 --> 00:11:43,768 ÁLVARO DE CÓZAR: I think it was in 2007 242 00:11:43,770 --> 00:11:46,938 that I read an article in the newspaper 243 00:11:46,940 --> 00:11:50,241 that mentioned those words "treasure hunters." 244 00:11:50,243 --> 00:11:54,145 And that immediately meant something to me. 245 00:11:54,147 --> 00:11:58,817 I mean, I was very attracted to mysteries. 246 00:11:58,819 --> 00:12:00,218 I'm a journalist. 247 00:12:00,220 --> 00:12:04,322 I used to be a reporter in El País, 248 00:12:04,324 --> 00:12:06,958 the biggest newspaper in Spain. 249 00:12:06,960 --> 00:12:10,128 I published a story about the Black Swan. 250 00:12:10,130 --> 00:12:14,499 I called it "Pieces of Eight" in honor to the Treasure Island, 251 00:12:14,501 --> 00:12:16,401 one of my favorite books. 252 00:12:16,403 --> 00:12:18,303 And, in fact, it was true. 253 00:12:18,305 --> 00:12:22,040 There were almost 500,000 pieces of eight. 254 00:12:22,042 --> 00:12:25,243 Three hours later, we received a call 255 00:12:25,245 --> 00:12:29,080 from the Ministry of Culture because they are really angry. 256 00:12:29,082 --> 00:12:32,784 They told us, "We know that Odyssey 257 00:12:32,786 --> 00:12:36,621 has been looking for a treasure 258 00:12:36,623 --> 00:12:41,292 in an area very close to Spanish waters, 259 00:12:41,294 --> 00:12:42,761 and we're just trying to prove 260 00:12:42,763 --> 00:12:47,398 if that treasure belongs to Spain." 261 00:12:47,400 --> 00:12:50,535 ELISA DE CABO: It's very difficult to express what we felt 262 00:12:50,537 --> 00:12:54,122 because we are against treasure hunters companies 263 00:12:54,124 --> 00:12:59,344 because they just work for private benefit. 264 00:12:59,346 --> 00:13:01,179 IVÁN NEGUERUELA: I've been fighting against 265 00:13:01,181 --> 00:13:05,850 all the treasure hunters companies every day of my life. 266 00:13:05,852 --> 00:13:09,654 And it's completely forbidden to sell any object. 267 00:13:09,656 --> 00:13:12,624 That's what the Spanish law says. 268 00:13:12,626 --> 00:13:14,425 DE CABO: There was no time to be angry. 269 00:13:14,427 --> 00:13:16,027 I mean, we have to work, 270 00:13:16,029 --> 00:13:20,298 to show everyone that the treasure belongs to Spain. 271 00:13:20,300 --> 00:13:26,237 And, so, yes, the first reaction was to go to court. 272 00:13:26,239 --> 00:13:29,407 So, we call our ambassador in Washington, 273 00:13:29,409 --> 00:13:33,878 and the embassy helped us to contact James Goold. 274 00:13:33,880 --> 00:13:37,682 ¶ ¶ 275 00:13:37,684 --> 00:13:44,355 ¶ ¶ 276 00:13:44,357 --> 00:13:47,091 GOOLD: I got a call from the Spanish Embassy 277 00:13:47,093 --> 00:13:50,094 within an hour of the newspapers having shown up. 278 00:13:50,096 --> 00:13:54,165 And so the first thing I did was get out the magnifying glass 279 00:13:54,167 --> 00:13:57,335 and look at every copy of this photo that I could 280 00:13:57,337 --> 00:13:59,804 to see what the coins were. 281 00:13:59,806 --> 00:14:02,373 I noticed that they had been changed 282 00:14:02,375 --> 00:14:06,077 to obscure the image of whatever king it was. 283 00:14:06,079 --> 00:14:08,746 And so I couldn't tell whether they were Spanish, 284 00:14:08,748 --> 00:14:11,516 British, French, or whatever. 285 00:14:11,518 --> 00:14:13,618 But it turned out that Odyssey 286 00:14:13,620 --> 00:14:18,656 had filed a lawsuit a month before, 287 00:14:18,658 --> 00:14:22,060 an advert at the back of a newspaper, 288 00:14:22,062 --> 00:14:26,531 saying that they had discovered an unidentified vessel. 289 00:14:26,533 --> 00:14:29,968 That started a clock running 290 00:14:29,970 --> 00:14:32,337 under which if no one came into court 291 00:14:32,339 --> 00:14:36,374 and disputed that Odyssey was entitled 292 00:14:36,376 --> 00:14:38,877 to all of that material, 293 00:14:38,879 --> 00:14:42,380 then they could go to court and say, "We're the owners." 294 00:14:42,382 --> 00:14:43,915 So, we couldn't sit on our hands. 295 00:14:43,917 --> 00:14:45,750 We had to move fast. 296 00:14:53,276 --> 00:14:59,080 ¶ ¶ 297 00:14:59,082 --> 00:15:01,216 KINGSLEY: I got a call, Greg was in town, 298 00:15:01,218 --> 00:15:02,517 "Would you like meet up?" 299 00:15:02,519 --> 00:15:05,019 And I thought, this is going to be a painful meeting. 300 00:15:05,021 --> 00:15:06,521 You know, I'd read the headlines. 301 00:15:06,523 --> 00:15:10,959 They were being trashed in the national newspapers. 302 00:15:13,730 --> 00:15:15,330 So I met up with Greg. 303 00:15:15,332 --> 00:15:16,798 He was in very high spirits. 304 00:15:16,800 --> 00:15:19,867 He was delighted with the publicity 305 00:15:19,869 --> 00:15:23,004 and obviously thought they had a very strong position legally 306 00:15:23,006 --> 00:15:27,008 that they'd be able to retain ownership of this material. 307 00:15:27,010 --> 00:15:30,578 DE CÓZAR: Spanish laws say that you cannot earn money 308 00:15:30,580 --> 00:15:34,115 selling the cultural heritage. 309 00:15:34,117 --> 00:15:38,653 But Greg was someone that believes everything is possible 310 00:15:38,655 --> 00:15:40,755 if you fight for that. 311 00:15:40,757 --> 00:15:41,723 MAN: We know it's a ship. 312 00:15:41,725 --> 00:15:43,558 STEMM: We know it's-- well, maybe. 313 00:15:43,560 --> 00:15:44,859 MAN: As opposed to? 314 00:15:44,861 --> 00:15:46,694 STEMM: Well, we've got a lot of coins that we found 315 00:15:46,696 --> 00:15:48,329 in the bottom of the ocean. 316 00:15:48,331 --> 00:15:49,564 You know, it's amazing. 317 00:15:49,566 --> 00:15:52,333 Sometimes people just dump things off of ships 318 00:15:52,335 --> 00:15:53,668 to prevent the ships from sinking. 319 00:15:53,670 --> 00:15:54,769 It's happened. 320 00:15:54,771 --> 00:15:56,137 MAN: They're lightening it, if you will. 321 00:15:56,139 --> 00:15:57,872 STEMM: Exactly. 322 00:15:57,874 --> 00:16:01,276 DE CÓZAR: And Greg knew very well 323 00:16:01,278 --> 00:16:03,378 that if he wins this battle, 324 00:16:03,380 --> 00:16:06,047 if he could prove there was no shipwreck, 325 00:16:06,049 --> 00:16:08,449 that the treasure had just been discarded, 326 00:16:08,451 --> 00:16:10,618 then Spain would not have a claim 327 00:16:10,620 --> 00:16:13,087 and it would all go to Odyssey. 328 00:16:13,089 --> 00:16:17,859 ¶ ¶ 329 00:16:17,861 --> 00:16:19,627 NARRATOR: As the deadline approaches, 330 00:16:19,629 --> 00:16:22,797 James Goold contests Odyssey's claim on the treasure 331 00:16:22,799 --> 00:16:26,167 in the Florida courts. 332 00:16:26,169 --> 00:16:29,837 DELGADO: Now what Spain has to do is not only intervene, 333 00:16:29,839 --> 00:16:33,007 it has to prove there's a shipwreck 334 00:16:33,009 --> 00:16:36,177 and that that shipwreck belongs to them. 335 00:16:36,179 --> 00:16:38,980 And that the coins were the king's money 336 00:16:38,982 --> 00:16:42,083 and part of the sovereign property of Spain. 337 00:16:42,085 --> 00:16:44,252 GOOLD: By the end of that day, 338 00:16:44,254 --> 00:16:47,955 I dashed off a letter to Odyssey's lawyer saying, 339 00:16:47,957 --> 00:16:52,093 "On behalf of Spain, please inform us of what it is." 340 00:16:52,095 --> 00:16:55,997 And next Monday evening I was on a plane to Madrid. 341 00:16:55,999 --> 00:17:00,335 ¶ ¶ 342 00:17:01,671 --> 00:17:08,276 ¶ ¶ 343 00:17:08,278 --> 00:17:15,249 ¶ ¶ 344 00:17:15,251 --> 00:17:17,151 DE CABO: We knew we have to be very quick 345 00:17:17,153 --> 00:17:19,754 to identify the shipwreck. 346 00:17:19,756 --> 00:17:23,191 There was no time to be angry or... 347 00:17:23,193 --> 00:17:24,292 or to cry. 348 00:17:24,294 --> 00:17:25,593 (laughs) 349 00:17:25,595 --> 00:17:28,496 We have to defend the heritage. 350 00:17:28,498 --> 00:17:31,566 ¶ ¶ 351 00:17:31,568 --> 00:17:34,669 GOOLD: I've got to prove it was a Spanish shipwreck. 352 00:17:34,671 --> 00:17:35,970 So, the first question is, 353 00:17:35,972 --> 00:17:40,308 what had happened in history at that spot? 354 00:17:40,310 --> 00:17:43,444 But Odyssey wouldn't reveal the exactly location 355 00:17:43,446 --> 00:17:44,979 where they had been working. 356 00:17:44,981 --> 00:17:47,448 So, on that first trip to Madrid, 357 00:17:47,450 --> 00:17:51,519 I sat down with the Spanish navy to ask what they could find 358 00:17:51,521 --> 00:17:53,855 about the movements of Odyssey's ships, 359 00:17:53,857 --> 00:17:54,922 because there are ways. 360 00:17:54,924 --> 00:17:57,692 There are GPS signal tracking devices 361 00:17:57,694 --> 00:18:00,695 that every ship is required to have. 362 00:18:00,697 --> 00:18:05,900 And, so, sure enough, there was a record for Odyssey's ship. 363 00:18:05,902 --> 00:18:10,805 But once they got 20 or 30 miles from Gibraltar, 364 00:18:10,807 --> 00:18:14,008 their signal went dark. 365 00:18:14,010 --> 00:18:17,979 So, then I thought, well, something's going on here. 366 00:18:17,981 --> 00:18:23,351 But there were a few blips that had still shown up, 367 00:18:23,353 --> 00:18:25,486 five or six of them, 368 00:18:25,488 --> 00:18:29,457 and there was a cluster of them south of Portugal. 369 00:18:29,459 --> 00:18:32,059 So then I thought, okay, 370 00:18:32,061 --> 00:18:34,762 something had to happen around here. 371 00:18:34,764 --> 00:18:39,467 So, then we started looking in the history books. 372 00:18:39,469 --> 00:18:41,202 And in a very short time 373 00:18:41,204 --> 00:18:44,472 I found that there had been an absolutely pivotal event 374 00:18:44,474 --> 00:18:49,377 in Spanish and world history in October 5, 1804, 375 00:18:49,379 --> 00:18:53,414 what was called the Battle of Saint Mary. 376 00:18:53,416 --> 00:18:57,318 DELGADO: At the time, Spain is still a global, powerful empire, 377 00:18:57,320 --> 00:19:01,055 but its influence is waning. 378 00:19:01,057 --> 00:19:04,358 Spain had made a deal that if they paid Napoleon 379 00:19:04,360 --> 00:19:06,928 a vast amount of money each month, 380 00:19:06,930 --> 00:19:08,896 he wouldn't invade Spain. 381 00:19:08,898 --> 00:19:11,232 He'd focus on invading Great Britain. 382 00:19:11,234 --> 00:19:15,436 So, it was a form of protection money. 383 00:19:15,438 --> 00:19:17,772 And that's what sets up this entire tale, 384 00:19:17,774 --> 00:19:21,042 because the king of Spain needs more money. 385 00:19:21,044 --> 00:19:22,844 Where does he get that money? 386 00:19:22,846 --> 00:19:25,847 He gets it from his Latin American colonies, 387 00:19:25,849 --> 00:19:28,850 and specifically orders his warships 388 00:19:28,852 --> 00:19:33,488 to load silver from the mints down in South America. 389 00:19:33,490 --> 00:19:36,324 And so they cross the Atlantic. 390 00:19:36,326 --> 00:19:38,192 But what they haven't counted on 391 00:19:38,194 --> 00:19:40,828 is that fact that there are spies. 392 00:19:40,830 --> 00:19:43,764 And in the United Kingdom, 393 00:19:43,766 --> 00:19:47,468 the decision is made to stop those ships. 394 00:19:47,470 --> 00:19:51,172 ¶ ¶ 395 00:19:51,174 --> 00:19:56,377 A small British force of ships intercepts the Spanish vessels, 396 00:19:56,379 --> 00:20:01,315 in what basically amounted to high seas hijacking. 397 00:20:01,317 --> 00:20:02,950 A British ship called Amphion 398 00:20:02,952 --> 00:20:05,253 cuts across the line of the Spanish ships, 399 00:20:05,255 --> 00:20:08,923 behind a Spanish vessel called Mercedes. 400 00:20:08,925 --> 00:20:11,058 And the British navy opens fire. 401 00:20:11,060 --> 00:20:15,596 (cannons firing) 402 00:20:15,598 --> 00:20:20,134 (cannons firing) 403 00:20:20,136 --> 00:20:21,736 The single shot from Amphion... 404 00:20:21,738 --> 00:20:23,204 (boom) (crash) 405 00:20:23,206 --> 00:20:25,840 ...goes right through the hull of Mercedes 406 00:20:25,842 --> 00:20:27,675 and lodges in the magazine, 407 00:20:27,677 --> 00:20:29,844 where all the gunpowder is stored. 408 00:20:29,846 --> 00:20:35,483 In that moment, that powder goes off in a massive explosion 409 00:20:35,485 --> 00:20:39,120 that tears the ship apart. 410 00:20:39,122 --> 00:20:40,922 Mercedes cracks open like an egg 411 00:20:40,924 --> 00:20:44,892 and spills her contents into the sea... 412 00:20:44,894 --> 00:20:48,563 and rains debris all over the ocean 413 00:20:48,565 --> 00:20:53,434 as well as onto the nearby ships. 414 00:20:53,436 --> 00:20:55,670 Stunning doesn't even really begin 415 00:20:55,672 --> 00:20:58,806 to convey the horror of that moment. 416 00:20:58,808 --> 00:21:02,810 It is a war grave with 250 dead, 417 00:21:02,812 --> 00:21:05,580 including Spanish sailors, marines, 418 00:21:05,582 --> 00:21:09,317 and the wives and the children of Spanish officers. 419 00:21:09,319 --> 00:21:14,555 That loss of that ship not only saw 250 lives taken, 420 00:21:14,557 --> 00:21:17,792 it saw Britain and it saw Spain 421 00:21:17,794 --> 00:21:19,727 return to a state of war, 422 00:21:19,729 --> 00:21:22,330 leading to a period of tremendous civil unrest, 423 00:21:22,332 --> 00:21:24,999 the weakening of the Spanish Empire. 424 00:21:25,001 --> 00:21:28,636 In just a year, the great naval battle of Trafalgar 425 00:21:28,638 --> 00:21:31,072 is going to see the French and Spanish fleets 426 00:21:31,074 --> 00:21:33,107 literally destroyed by Nelson. 427 00:21:33,109 --> 00:21:37,044 All of this hinges on what happens on that spot of water 428 00:21:37,046 --> 00:21:40,414 back on October 5, 1804. 429 00:21:42,051 --> 00:21:44,719 GOOLD: Navy records gave us the positions, 430 00:21:44,721 --> 00:21:48,556 which tells us that's where the Mercedes sank. 431 00:21:48,558 --> 00:21:51,359 Then I turned and compared it 432 00:21:51,361 --> 00:21:54,795 to what we had learned from those blips, 433 00:21:54,797 --> 00:21:58,599 and sure enough, bull's eye-- 434 00:21:58,601 --> 00:22:03,070 the exact location where they had been taking the coins. 435 00:22:05,341 --> 00:22:09,477 Well, it had to be the Mercedes, but that's not gonna be enough 436 00:22:09,479 --> 00:22:13,014 to prove in court what actually was there. 437 00:22:13,016 --> 00:22:16,617 I needed to see what was on the bottom at the site, 438 00:22:16,619 --> 00:22:20,321 what Odyssey's own records revealed. 439 00:22:20,323 --> 00:22:21,756 DELGADO: Only Odyssey's own data-- 440 00:22:21,758 --> 00:22:24,291 its photography and the location of the site-- 441 00:22:24,293 --> 00:22:28,029 could confirm for sure that there's a shipwreck down there 442 00:22:28,031 --> 00:22:31,298 and if it's a naval vessel. 443 00:22:31,300 --> 00:22:34,669 The trouble was, they weren't rushing to hand it over, 444 00:22:34,671 --> 00:22:40,274 and their ships were in a port that Spain couldn't get to. 445 00:22:40,276 --> 00:22:43,577 DE CÓZAR: Gibraltar is a place in dispute. 446 00:22:43,579 --> 00:22:47,114 It's a rock that is in the land of Spain, 447 00:22:47,116 --> 00:22:49,717 but it belongs to the United Kingdom. 448 00:22:49,719 --> 00:22:53,287 So, the Guardia Civil couldn't go into Gibraltar 449 00:22:53,289 --> 00:22:55,723 to check the Odyssey Explorer. 450 00:22:55,725 --> 00:23:00,127 They had to wait till they get out of the port. 451 00:23:00,129 --> 00:23:02,963 DETTWEILER: The Spanish made it very clear 452 00:23:02,965 --> 00:23:04,932 that should we leave that harbor, 453 00:23:04,934 --> 00:23:06,867 they would capture us. 454 00:23:14,744 --> 00:23:16,744 BROADCASTER: In 6-foot swells, a Spanish government gunboat 455 00:23:16,746 --> 00:23:19,780 intercepts the salvage vessel the Odyssey Explorer. 456 00:23:35,031 --> 00:23:39,834 DE CÓZAR: The Odyssey Explorer had been in Gibraltar, 457 00:23:39,836 --> 00:23:41,669 I don't know, for months. 458 00:23:41,671 --> 00:23:44,438 And each day was costing them a fortune 459 00:23:44,440 --> 00:23:46,674 in running costs for the ship. 460 00:23:46,676 --> 00:23:49,477 So, they had to eventually leave port 461 00:23:49,479 --> 00:23:52,480 even though they knew they'd be captured. 462 00:23:52,482 --> 00:23:54,682 DETTWEILER: Sure enough, both ships were seized, 463 00:23:54,684 --> 00:23:56,684 took 'em into Spanish ports, 464 00:23:56,686 --> 00:23:58,986 took a lot of things off of the ship. 465 00:23:58,988 --> 00:24:00,788 We had, of course, already stripped the ship 466 00:24:00,790 --> 00:24:03,023 of anything from the Black Swan. 467 00:24:03,025 --> 00:24:05,693 We did not have any of the data drives 468 00:24:05,695 --> 00:24:08,596 or anything that had the data in it on the ship. 469 00:24:08,598 --> 00:24:10,397 But they still took all the data drives 470 00:24:10,399 --> 00:24:12,533 out of every computer and things like that. 471 00:24:12,535 --> 00:24:14,435 So they were not very nice about it. 472 00:24:14,437 --> 00:24:16,070 (laughs) 473 00:24:16,072 --> 00:24:18,305 DELGADO: Without Odyssey's data and photography, 474 00:24:18,307 --> 00:24:21,041 it would be virtually impossible for us to prove 475 00:24:21,043 --> 00:24:23,410 that this was definitely the Mercedes. 476 00:24:23,412 --> 00:24:25,913 So, now the legal team had to up the game 477 00:24:25,915 --> 00:24:29,984 to discover exactly where Odyssey had been looking. 478 00:24:29,986 --> 00:24:33,387 The one thing I had learned from my brief interactions with Greg 479 00:24:33,389 --> 00:24:37,491 was that he didn't do anything without a lot of research. 480 00:24:37,493 --> 00:24:41,996 He didn't go unless he knew what he was looking for 481 00:24:41,998 --> 00:24:44,398 and where he might likely find it. 482 00:24:44,400 --> 00:24:51,005 ¶ ¶ 483 00:24:51,007 --> 00:24:55,810 ¶ ¶ 484 00:24:55,812 --> 00:24:58,746 VICTORIA STAPELLS: Not everybody can read 16th century Spanish. 485 00:24:58,748 --> 00:25:02,449 Not everybody knows where to look for those documents. 486 00:25:02,451 --> 00:25:05,986 Over a period of more than 35 years, 487 00:25:05,988 --> 00:25:11,325 I have worked for many different institutions as a researcher. 488 00:25:13,529 --> 00:25:19,800 In 2005, I was contacted by someone from Odyssey. 489 00:25:19,802 --> 00:25:21,602 And they were interested in knowing 490 00:25:21,604 --> 00:25:25,973 where a number of ships were approaching the Bay of Cadiz. 491 00:25:25,975 --> 00:25:30,277 And at one point, we had altogether 50 different ships 492 00:25:30,279 --> 00:25:34,048 for their database for that one area. 493 00:25:34,050 --> 00:25:37,351 And then they became interested in one particular ship, 494 00:25:37,353 --> 00:25:39,286 and all the most detailed information 495 00:25:39,288 --> 00:25:43,958 that one could possible find was of interest to them. 496 00:25:43,960 --> 00:25:47,127 When this story broke, I felt absolutely horrified 497 00:25:47,129 --> 00:25:49,763 because my first job is I'm a historian. 498 00:25:49,765 --> 00:25:52,733 I am not interested in the treasure. 499 00:25:52,735 --> 00:25:57,438 I immediately contacted the people in Odyssey by email. 500 00:25:57,440 --> 00:26:02,042 And they got back and they said, oh, just relax, no problem, 501 00:26:02,044 --> 00:26:04,712 we have everything under control. 502 00:26:04,714 --> 00:26:07,248 So I said, "Well, it's not under control here." 503 00:26:07,250 --> 00:26:09,316 And every time you turn the radio on, 504 00:26:09,318 --> 00:26:11,719 every time you turn Spanish news on at night, 505 00:26:11,721 --> 00:26:13,587 every time you buy a newspaper, 506 00:26:13,589 --> 00:26:16,290 it was just on and on and on and on and on and on. 507 00:26:16,292 --> 00:26:18,926 I mean, I was accused of being a spy. 508 00:26:18,928 --> 00:26:20,761 And they said, "Oh, we can't tell you anything. 509 00:26:20,763 --> 00:26:23,664 We're not about to say what the ship is that we found 510 00:26:23,666 --> 00:26:25,733 or where exactly we are. 511 00:26:25,735 --> 00:26:28,969 But if you want, we'll give you a hint." 512 00:26:28,971 --> 00:26:34,909 And they said it's something to do with the make of a car. 513 00:26:34,911 --> 00:26:38,212 Well, of course, I knew that they had found the Mercedes. 514 00:26:38,214 --> 00:26:41,548 GOOLD: Victoria Stappels' statement was very useful 515 00:26:41,550 --> 00:26:45,686 because it confirmed that Odyssey had set about this 516 00:26:45,688 --> 00:26:50,424 with a deliberate intention of locating the Mercedes. 517 00:26:50,426 --> 00:26:55,930 Meanwhile, Greg Stemm is issuing sworn statements under oath 518 00:26:55,932 --> 00:27:01,902 that they have no evidence that would confirm what ship it was. 519 00:27:01,904 --> 00:27:03,404 DE CABO: It was very hard to believe 520 00:27:03,406 --> 00:27:08,909 that they were all the time denying it was la Mercedes. 521 00:27:08,911 --> 00:27:14,148 It was really strange for us, something incredible to believe. 522 00:27:16,719 --> 00:27:19,253 GOOLD: So, I went back and asked the court 523 00:27:19,255 --> 00:27:22,823 to consider doing something about this. 524 00:27:24,727 --> 00:27:26,794 (chime) 525 00:27:26,796 --> 00:27:30,664 And sure enough, an order comes from the judge 526 00:27:30,666 --> 00:27:32,333 that Odyssey has been 527 00:27:32,335 --> 00:27:36,170 "disingenuous and utterly without merit." 528 00:27:36,172 --> 00:27:40,474 And Odyssey, after fighting it and fighting it and fighting it, 529 00:27:40,476 --> 00:27:43,844 had to turn over the photo mosaic 530 00:27:43,846 --> 00:27:48,849 and give me access to their DVDs of the seabed 531 00:27:48,851 --> 00:27:50,884 and their photographs. 532 00:27:50,886 --> 00:27:53,454 And so there was a very nice moment 533 00:27:53,456 --> 00:27:56,690 when finally we could see the site. 534 00:28:01,197 --> 00:28:03,630 So, now we needed to show 535 00:28:03,632 --> 00:28:07,835 that right there on the seabed was a shipwreck, 536 00:28:07,837 --> 00:28:11,472 something Odyssey had denied all along. 537 00:28:19,031 --> 00:28:23,200 ¶ ¶ 538 00:28:23,202 --> 00:28:25,736 DELGADO: We were in Houston at a meeting. 539 00:28:25,738 --> 00:28:29,406 And when the meeting was done, Jim, in his quiet way said, 540 00:28:29,408 --> 00:28:31,975 "Got a second? I want to ask you a question." 541 00:28:31,977 --> 00:28:37,014 GOOLD: I had these images, some of which I couldn't understand 542 00:28:37,016 --> 00:28:39,683 and he could look at. 543 00:28:39,685 --> 00:28:43,053 And instantly starts pointing out 544 00:28:43,055 --> 00:28:46,990 everything that I had been puzzled by. 545 00:28:46,992 --> 00:28:50,294 ¶ ¶ 546 00:28:50,296 --> 00:28:52,596 DELGADO: This was a very competently done job, 547 00:28:52,598 --> 00:28:55,532 which appeared to me to be nothing more than a map 548 00:28:55,534 --> 00:28:57,267 for recovering the coins, 549 00:28:57,269 --> 00:28:59,369 and I'm not seeing a wooden hull, 550 00:28:59,371 --> 00:29:02,539 but I wouldn't after a few hundred years. 551 00:29:02,541 --> 00:29:05,509 You could see this was a chunk of a section of hull, 552 00:29:05,511 --> 00:29:08,278 in one case with a cannon tangled in it, 553 00:29:08,280 --> 00:29:12,850 meaning that was where a gunport had been. 554 00:29:12,852 --> 00:29:14,685 A section of hardware 555 00:29:14,687 --> 00:29:19,089 from the rudder that steered the ship. 556 00:29:19,091 --> 00:29:22,693 A chest of belongings including candlesticks, 557 00:29:22,695 --> 00:29:25,395 silver platters, things of that sort. 558 00:29:27,533 --> 00:29:31,468 GOOLD: So then we start taking little Post-it markers 559 00:29:31,470 --> 00:29:35,038 and pasting them all over the photo mosaic 560 00:29:35,040 --> 00:29:36,406 to keep track of them. 561 00:29:36,408 --> 00:29:39,443 ¶ ¶ 562 00:29:39,445 --> 00:29:43,947 ¶ ¶ 563 00:29:43,949 --> 00:29:45,015 DELGADO: And so, as I looked at it, 564 00:29:45,017 --> 00:29:46,884 I said, "This is a shipwreck site. 565 00:29:46,886 --> 00:29:48,118 It's clearly a shipwreck site. 566 00:29:48,120 --> 00:29:49,353 Look, look at this. 567 00:29:49,355 --> 00:29:53,757 There's a donut of debris, thinner in the middle 568 00:29:53,759 --> 00:29:55,793 and very compact around the sides." 569 00:29:55,795 --> 00:29:59,129 I said, "That's when something explodes." 570 00:29:59,131 --> 00:30:02,800 ¶ ¶ 571 00:30:02,802 --> 00:30:05,235 GOOLD: We could see that that was a shipwreck. 572 00:30:05,237 --> 00:30:07,437 But was it the Mercedes? 573 00:30:07,439 --> 00:30:10,440 DELGADO: It was in the right place, 574 00:30:10,442 --> 00:30:12,910 from approximately that time period, 575 00:30:12,912 --> 00:30:14,645 based on the type of ship, 576 00:30:14,647 --> 00:30:17,614 the type of fittings and the guns. 577 00:30:17,616 --> 00:30:18,682 It felt good. 578 00:30:18,684 --> 00:30:20,851 It felt like the right answer. 579 00:30:20,853 --> 00:30:22,553 But, then again, shipwreck stories 580 00:30:22,555 --> 00:30:25,355 almost always surprise you. 581 00:30:25,357 --> 00:30:28,492 GOOLD: I got used to going through 582 00:30:28,494 --> 00:30:31,495 hundreds of hours of these DVDs 583 00:30:31,497 --> 00:30:34,765 of the running footage of their ROV 584 00:30:34,767 --> 00:30:37,935 as it went back and forth over the seabed. 585 00:30:37,937 --> 00:30:41,839 Hundreds of hours of waiting for something to come into sight 586 00:30:41,841 --> 00:30:44,575 and then doing a screen grab. 587 00:30:44,577 --> 00:30:45,676 (click) 588 00:30:45,678 --> 00:30:48,111 And all of a sudden, there comes into view 589 00:30:48,113 --> 00:30:54,351 a long, elegant fluted cannon, and it's got very ornate handles 590 00:30:54,353 --> 00:31:00,090 that look like dolphins or some kind of fancy dragon. 591 00:31:00,092 --> 00:31:02,793 And I go, oh, what? 592 00:31:02,795 --> 00:31:05,028 Those are medieval cannons 593 00:31:05,030 --> 00:31:09,233 two centuries out of sync with everything else we're seeing. 594 00:31:09,235 --> 00:31:11,735 What's going on here? 595 00:31:11,737 --> 00:31:14,571 DELGADO: Were we wrong about it being Mercedes? 596 00:31:14,573 --> 00:31:17,875 It felt like we were back to square one. 597 00:31:17,877 --> 00:31:20,210 It was incredibly frustrating. 598 00:31:20,212 --> 00:31:22,312 GOOLD: Obviously it was problematic. 599 00:31:22,314 --> 00:31:24,648 What was I gonna do? 600 00:31:24,650 --> 00:31:26,817 So I go back to Madrid 601 00:31:26,819 --> 00:31:28,318 to start going through 602 00:31:28,320 --> 00:31:31,321 the Spanish museums of medieval cannon 603 00:31:31,323 --> 00:31:36,260 with Elisa, looking for matches of this. 604 00:31:36,262 --> 00:31:41,231 We're coming close, but not quite. 605 00:31:41,233 --> 00:31:43,567 And then... (snap) 606 00:31:43,569 --> 00:31:44,835 Wait a minute. 607 00:31:44,837 --> 00:31:47,337 On the Mercedes manifest 608 00:31:47,339 --> 00:31:49,940 there's a specific record 609 00:31:49,942 --> 00:31:55,512 that the ship was carrying two "cañones bronce inútiles," 610 00:31:55,514 --> 00:32:00,651 useless, obsolete bronze cannons. 611 00:32:00,653 --> 00:32:04,187 It's a smoking gun that this is the Mercedes. 612 00:32:04,189 --> 00:32:06,757 How could it be anything other than that? 613 00:32:06,759 --> 00:32:09,359 DE CABO: We organized a press conference 614 00:32:09,361 --> 00:32:11,395 at the Ministry of Culture. 615 00:32:11,397 --> 00:32:14,498 We were all very excited, I must admit. 616 00:32:14,500 --> 00:32:17,134 We were all very excited. 617 00:32:17,136 --> 00:32:19,836 We had very great news to give. 618 00:32:22,141 --> 00:32:24,608 GOOLD: It was the kind of thing I'd never been through before, 619 00:32:24,610 --> 00:32:27,311 where you've got press photographers 620 00:32:27,313 --> 00:32:30,814 rolling around on the floor in front of you and so on. 621 00:32:30,816 --> 00:32:33,517 Well, the mystery is over. 622 00:32:33,519 --> 00:32:37,955 The coins and other artifacts that Odyssey took from the site 623 00:32:37,957 --> 00:32:42,259 are documented to have been on the Mercedes. 624 00:32:42,261 --> 00:32:43,794 We went public, 625 00:32:43,796 --> 00:32:48,832 and the world headlines were "The mystery is over." 626 00:32:48,834 --> 00:32:52,569 We came flat out and said it's the Mercedes. 627 00:32:52,571 --> 00:32:56,974 (indistinct conversations) 628 00:32:56,976 --> 00:32:58,775 ¶ ¶ 629 00:32:58,777 --> 00:33:01,812 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: Whilst we were on the ship, for me, 630 00:33:01,814 --> 00:33:03,447 all the clues started to point 631 00:33:03,449 --> 00:33:07,451 towards this is pretty much the Mercedes. 632 00:33:07,453 --> 00:33:08,618 INTERVIEWER: Right from the start? 633 00:33:08,620 --> 00:33:09,920 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: Yeah, for me anyways 634 00:33:09,922 --> 00:33:11,722 and the archaeologists looking at it, yeah, yeah. 635 00:33:11,724 --> 00:33:14,358 It was fairly obvious that they were Spanish cannon. 636 00:33:14,360 --> 00:33:17,227 Obviously, there's coins saying "1804." 637 00:33:17,229 --> 00:33:19,596 And the coins were bent 'cause it blew up. 638 00:33:19,598 --> 00:33:23,166 That's pointing towards it's the Mercedes. 639 00:33:23,168 --> 00:33:24,534 What else could it be? 640 00:33:24,536 --> 00:33:29,339 ¶ ¶ 641 00:33:29,341 --> 00:33:32,275 NARRATOR: Eventually, even Odyssey begin to acknowledge 642 00:33:32,277 --> 00:33:34,478 that it might be the Mercedes. 643 00:33:34,480 --> 00:33:38,348 But their lawyers are not finished yet. 644 00:33:38,350 --> 00:33:40,884 DE CÓZAR: One day they said to me that they were looking 645 00:33:40,886 --> 00:33:43,587 for the descendants of the merchants 646 00:33:43,589 --> 00:33:47,090 that put all the gold in the cargo of la Mercedes. 647 00:33:47,092 --> 00:33:50,727 ¶ ¶ 648 00:33:50,729 --> 00:33:55,098 KINGSLEY: There are 811,000 coins on the Mercedes, 649 00:33:55,100 --> 00:33:58,368 of which around 74%, three quarters, 650 00:33:58,370 --> 00:34:03,273 belong to private individuals. 651 00:34:03,275 --> 00:34:04,641 If you find a merchant vessel, 652 00:34:04,643 --> 00:34:06,576 whatever is on it and you claim it, 653 00:34:06,578 --> 00:34:10,330 if you can't find the owner, everything belongs to you. 654 00:34:10,332 --> 00:34:12,115 BROADCASTER: After all this, it might just come down 655 00:34:12,117 --> 00:34:14,951 to finders keepers, losers weepers. 656 00:34:22,077 --> 00:34:28,982 ¶ ¶ 657 00:34:28,984 --> 00:34:33,320 DELGADO: At times, what it felt like is you'd win some ground, 658 00:34:33,322 --> 00:34:38,859 but at every step of the way a constant pushback. 659 00:34:40,596 --> 00:34:44,664 GOOLD: Takes a lot of work to come in and prove it. 660 00:34:44,666 --> 00:34:47,601 Years of litigation. 661 00:34:47,603 --> 00:34:51,538 How could a US court say no, no, no, finders keepers, 662 00:34:51,540 --> 00:34:53,840 never mind Spanish history? 663 00:34:53,842 --> 00:34:57,577 But that doesn't mean that a US judge has to agree with me. 664 00:34:57,579 --> 00:35:03,383 ¶ ¶ 665 00:35:03,385 --> 00:35:10,157 ¶ ¶ 666 00:35:10,159 --> 00:35:15,395 DE CÓZAR: Greg knew very well that if he win this battle 667 00:35:15,397 --> 00:35:19,032 he would change the story of archaeological treasures 668 00:35:19,034 --> 00:35:21,435 in the deep ocean. 669 00:35:21,437 --> 00:35:23,870 GOOLD: What would happen on the final day? 670 00:35:28,177 --> 00:35:30,243 (chime) 671 00:35:30,245 --> 00:35:35,482 And then the decision of the senior judge in Tampa 672 00:35:35,484 --> 00:35:37,918 came in by email. 673 00:35:37,920 --> 00:35:40,821 "The ineffable truth of this case 674 00:35:40,823 --> 00:35:42,322 is that the Mercedes 675 00:35:42,324 --> 00:35:47,461 is a natural and legal patrimony of Spain." 676 00:35:47,463 --> 00:35:49,529 We won. We won. 677 00:35:49,531 --> 00:35:52,065 Well, then, I called Elisa immediately. 678 00:35:53,635 --> 00:35:58,004 And then there were, there were some yells and shouts. 679 00:35:58,006 --> 00:35:59,973 Mm-hmm, yeah. 680 00:35:59,975 --> 00:36:01,608 DE CABO: It was a victory, yes. 681 00:36:01,610 --> 00:36:04,644 It was a great victory, yes, yes. 682 00:36:04,646 --> 00:36:08,815 NEGUERUELA: My strongest feeling was good lord, that's fantastic. 683 00:36:08,817 --> 00:36:14,921 One man is not the owner of our common heritage. 684 00:36:14,923 --> 00:36:21,361 Every one of us are the owners of the historical heritage. 685 00:36:21,363 --> 00:36:23,263 DE CÓZAR: The judge said that the treasure 686 00:36:23,265 --> 00:36:26,132 should go back to, to, to Spain, yeah. 687 00:36:26,134 --> 00:36:31,571 ¶ ¶ 688 00:36:31,573 --> 00:36:35,175 GOOLD: As the judge said at the end of this process, 689 00:36:35,177 --> 00:36:39,012 "There had been a continuous core campaign 690 00:36:39,014 --> 00:36:45,552 of bad faith, deception, and deflection." 691 00:36:45,554 --> 00:36:48,255 The one good thing that one can say here 692 00:36:48,257 --> 00:36:50,690 is it had a positive outcome 693 00:36:50,692 --> 00:36:54,060 and the lesson is there to stand. 694 00:37:00,035 --> 00:37:05,138 ¶ ¶ 695 00:37:05,140 --> 00:37:08,208 DETTWEILER: Just to have the court turn against us 696 00:37:08,210 --> 00:37:11,945 and to lose a battle that we thought we would surely win, 697 00:37:11,947 --> 00:37:14,548 it was a devastating impact to the company. 698 00:37:17,920 --> 00:37:20,086 CUNNINGHAM-DOBSON: I thought it was unfair and unjust, 699 00:37:20,088 --> 00:37:23,490 and I genuinely feel sorry for Odyssey 700 00:37:23,492 --> 00:37:26,793 and the way they were treated. 701 00:37:26,795 --> 00:37:29,896 DE CÓZAR: This decision was crucial for their business. 702 00:37:29,898 --> 00:37:32,766 So, Odyssey couldn't just give up. 703 00:37:32,768 --> 00:37:35,402 They had to appeal the court's decision, 704 00:37:35,404 --> 00:37:39,539 and they were going to do as much as they could 705 00:37:39,541 --> 00:37:41,641 to keep the treasure. 706 00:37:41,643 --> 00:37:43,610 BROADCASTER: The deep-sea treasure hunting company Odyssey 707 00:37:43,612 --> 00:37:47,113 says it will appeal a ruling this week by a Florida judge. 708 00:37:47,115 --> 00:37:49,115 The judge ordered it to hand over to Spain 709 00:37:49,117 --> 00:37:52,619 a half million dollars' worth of gold and silver coins. 710 00:37:52,621 --> 00:37:58,491 ¶ ¶ 711 00:37:58,493 --> 00:38:03,296 GOOLD: But the day came when they had to turn over the coins 712 00:38:03,298 --> 00:38:06,132 and other objects that they had in the US. 713 00:38:06,134 --> 00:38:07,567 The Spanish Air Force 714 00:38:07,569 --> 00:38:12,539 had agreed to send two Hercules military cargo planes. 715 00:38:12,541 --> 00:38:15,375 The coins were put on the aircraft. 716 00:38:15,377 --> 00:38:18,411 So, as we packed up at MacDill Air Force Base 717 00:38:18,413 --> 00:38:21,214 and the ramp of the plane comes up, 718 00:38:21,216 --> 00:38:24,084 I've still got this worry about, well, what happens 719 00:38:24,086 --> 00:38:26,286 if the Supreme Court decides 720 00:38:26,288 --> 00:38:28,455 there should be a stay of execution? 721 00:38:28,457 --> 00:38:30,890 ¶ ¶ 722 00:38:30,892 --> 00:38:33,994 (radio chatter) 723 00:38:33,996 --> 00:38:37,697 There came a point just as we were leaving US air space 724 00:38:37,699 --> 00:38:40,200 that I could get through, and I start yelling, 725 00:38:40,202 --> 00:38:42,469 "Are we okay? Are we okay? Are we okay?" 726 00:38:48,493 --> 00:38:53,563 (radio chatter) 727 00:38:53,565 --> 00:38:55,932 GOOLD: By the time we got to Newfoundland, 728 00:38:55,934 --> 00:38:59,035 I'm yelling over this terrific din of the propellers 729 00:38:59,037 --> 00:39:01,338 and the vibration in this plane, 730 00:39:01,340 --> 00:39:06,376 "Are we clear? Is the coast clear?" 731 00:39:06,378 --> 00:39:08,511 And I hear, "You're okay. You're okay". 732 00:39:08,513 --> 00:39:09,646 And that was that. 733 00:39:14,553 --> 00:39:18,621 And then two planes, which had taken separate routes, 734 00:39:18,623 --> 00:39:23,827 arranged to land, meet and land wingtip to wingtip. 735 00:39:23,829 --> 00:39:25,995 And then the immediately the Guardia Civil 736 00:39:25,997 --> 00:39:29,499 took security control of everything. 737 00:39:29,501 --> 00:39:34,070 ¶ ¶ 738 00:39:34,072 --> 00:39:35,638 NEGUERUELA: The day that the coins came back 739 00:39:35,640 --> 00:39:37,841 to the airport of Madrid 740 00:39:37,843 --> 00:39:39,976 was a fantastic day. 741 00:39:39,978 --> 00:39:43,346 The Guardia Civil accompanied all the coins 742 00:39:43,348 --> 00:39:46,950 in trucks with some helicopters. 743 00:39:46,952 --> 00:39:48,118 It was very spectacular. 744 00:39:48,120 --> 00:39:53,556 ¶ ¶ 745 00:39:53,558 --> 00:39:55,859 STAPELLS: That was big news. 746 00:39:55,861 --> 00:40:00,096 So, for me, once again the whole story sort of comes up again. 747 00:40:00,098 --> 00:40:03,199 ¶ ¶ 748 00:40:03,201 --> 00:40:04,801 DE CABO: It was a very special moment, 749 00:40:04,803 --> 00:40:06,936 and it's something so unusual. 750 00:40:06,938 --> 00:40:11,274 I mean, we were waiting for five years. 751 00:40:13,478 --> 00:40:15,378 GOOLD: I was part of the motorcade 752 00:40:15,380 --> 00:40:19,315 to take it down to downtown Madrid to a secure facility. 753 00:40:19,317 --> 00:40:21,317 Let's remember that, at the end this case, 754 00:40:21,319 --> 00:40:26,156 our objective was to get all of those buckets back to Spain. 755 00:40:26,158 --> 00:40:29,259 It took all of this time and all of this money 756 00:40:29,261 --> 00:40:30,827 and all of this effort. 757 00:40:30,829 --> 00:40:33,897 It was a great relief. Mm-hmm. 758 00:40:33,899 --> 00:40:36,299 By then, I was in a daze. 759 00:40:36,301 --> 00:40:37,634 (door slams) 760 00:40:41,840 --> 00:40:45,442 NARRATOR: Two years later, Odyssey is fined $1 million 761 00:40:45,444 --> 00:40:47,444 for, in the words of the judge, 762 00:40:47,446 --> 00:40:50,563 "bad faith and abusive litigation." 763 00:40:50,565 --> 00:40:54,150 As one chapter in the story of the Mercedes closes, 764 00:40:54,152 --> 00:40:56,252 another is starting. 765 00:40:56,254 --> 00:40:58,822 NEGUERUELA: We have won the legal battle. 766 00:40:58,824 --> 00:41:02,659 Now we are obliged to win the scientific battle. 767 00:41:02,661 --> 00:41:07,864 ¶ ¶ 768 00:41:07,866 --> 00:41:11,034 ¶ ¶ 769 00:41:11,036 --> 00:41:18,074 At 8 o'clock in the morning, the first day, 770 00:41:18,076 --> 00:41:20,410 we put the ROV in the water. 771 00:41:25,617 --> 00:41:27,350 And it began to descend, descend, 772 00:41:27,352 --> 00:41:30,553 until 1 kilometer, 140 meters. 773 00:41:32,791 --> 00:41:35,425 And it was going down, down, down 774 00:41:35,427 --> 00:41:37,794 in the very middle of the wreck. 775 00:41:37,796 --> 00:41:39,829 It was fantastic. 776 00:41:39,831 --> 00:41:44,467 We discovered several iron cannons and bronze cannons, 777 00:41:44,469 --> 00:41:47,537 two culverins. 778 00:41:47,539 --> 00:41:50,940 A concentration of silver objects. 779 00:41:54,946 --> 00:41:57,213 And we have discovered the back of a fork 780 00:41:57,215 --> 00:42:01,150 with the initials of the captain of the ship. 781 00:42:01,152 --> 00:42:07,123 The captain was Don José, "J," Goicoa. 782 00:42:13,665 --> 00:42:16,399 When you think that that fork 783 00:42:16,401 --> 00:42:19,102 was in the hands of Don José Goicoa, 784 00:42:19,104 --> 00:42:23,706 we said, good lord, good lord, this is the very, very proof 785 00:42:23,708 --> 00:42:29,178 that we are in the same ship of the archive of Seville. 786 00:42:29,180 --> 00:42:33,550 No doubt this is the Mercedes. 787 00:42:33,552 --> 00:42:36,386 DE CABO: La Mercedes was a tragedy. 788 00:42:36,388 --> 00:42:38,788 That's why it was decided 789 00:42:38,790 --> 00:42:43,560 to install a commemorative plaque 790 00:42:43,562 --> 00:42:48,331 to the people that died at that explosion. 791 00:42:48,333 --> 00:42:53,136 ¶ ¶ 792 00:42:53,138 --> 00:42:56,773 DELGADO: And the wreck site itself had meaning 793 00:42:56,775 --> 00:43:01,978 for descendants of those who had died on that ship. 794 00:43:01,980 --> 00:43:04,414 It doesn't matter how far back it goes, 795 00:43:04,416 --> 00:43:07,350 families remember these events 796 00:43:07,352 --> 00:43:12,288 because suddenly a ship is sunk and nobody comes home. 797 00:43:16,077 --> 00:43:18,428 It's the story of officers standing on a deck 798 00:43:18,430 --> 00:43:21,731 on a nearby ship watching in horror 799 00:43:21,733 --> 00:43:26,069 as their wives and their children disintegrated. 800 00:43:26,071 --> 00:43:28,104 The British sailors standing there in shock 801 00:43:28,106 --> 00:43:32,375 as a simple shot from Amphion sets off the magazine, 802 00:43:32,377 --> 00:43:35,278 and Mercedes explodes with such violence. 803 00:43:35,280 --> 00:43:37,880 And of everything that played out after that 804 00:43:37,882 --> 00:43:42,652 that profoundly changed the course of history for Spain 805 00:43:42,654 --> 00:43:46,356 and potentially for all of Europe. 806 00:43:46,358 --> 00:43:50,059 And that is the story of Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes. 807 00:43:50,061 --> 00:43:52,495 That's what it's all about. 808 00:43:52,497 --> 00:43:54,097 Not coins. 809 00:43:54,099 --> 00:44:00,503 ¶ ¶ 810 00:44:00,505 --> 00:44:07,310 ¶ ¶ 811 00:44:07,312 --> 00:44:14,117 ¶ ¶ 812 00:44:14,119 --> 00:44:20,823 ¶ ¶ 813 00:44:20,825 --> 00:44:22,725 Captioned by Side Door Media Services