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<i> Narrator: Today our oceans</i>
<i> are ruled by a race of giants.</i>

2
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<i> Megaships.</i>

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<i> Up to a third of a mile long.</i>

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Scott: It's just
absolutely gigantic.

5
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<i> Narrator: But when</i>
<i> leviathans die.</i>

6
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Christoph: What destroyed
this huge giant?

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<i> Narrator: They take their</i>
<i> secrets to the deep.</i>

8
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<i> Lost inside the most</i>
<i> awe-inspiring shipwrecks</i>

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<i> On the planet.</i>

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<i> Imagine if we could</i>
<i> empty the oceans,</i>

11
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<i> Letting the water drain away</i>

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<i> To reveal the secrets</i>
<i> of the sea floor.</i>

13
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<i> Now we can.</i>

14
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<i> Using accurate data and</i>
<i> astonishing technology</i>

15
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<i> To bring light once</i>
<i> again to a lost world.</i>

16
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<i> Why did britannic,</i>
<i> sister ship to the titanic,</i>

17
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<i> Plunge to the</i>
<i> bottom of the seas?</i>

18
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<i>How did one simple mistake send</i>
<i>a super-tanker to her death?</i>

19
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Christoph: It was the
worst oil spill in history.

20
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<i> Narrator: And can a</i>
<i> ghostly voice help solve</i>

21
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<i> A deadly megaship mystery?</i>

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(theme music plays).

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<i> Narrator: Few of us see it.</i>

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<i> But we all depend upon it.</i>

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<i> A vast global</i>
<i> network of megaships.</i>

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Larrie: Ocean shipping
is the lifeblood of the
world economy today.

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Over 90% of world trade
is carried on the water.

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<i> Narrator: Over</i>
<i> the last 40 years,</i>

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<i> Carrying capacity has tripled,</i>
<i> to almost 2 billion tons.</i>

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<i> Ship builders are</i>
<i> locked into a race.</i>

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<i> Bigger ships mean</i>
<i> cheaper transport costs,</i>

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<i> And lower prices</i>
<i> for consumers.</i>

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James: In ship building
there's always been this

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Desire to build bigger,

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And the ships of today
are giants of the sea.

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<i> Narrator: A century ago, ocean</i>
<i> giants don't carry cargo.</i>

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<i> They carry passengers.</i>

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<i> It's the golden age</i>
<i> of the ocean liner.</i>

39
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<i> And the biggest of them</i>
<i> all is the titanic.</i>

40
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<i> When she tragically</i>
<i> sinks in 1912,</i>

41
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<i> Improvements are made</i>
<i> to her sister ship,</i>

42
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<i> The britannic,</i>

43
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<i> Launched just two years later.</i>

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<i> She's the same length as</i>
<i> titanic, but 18 inches wider.</i>

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<i>However, before britannic can</i>
<i>carry a single paying passenger,</i>

46
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<i> World war I begins.</i>

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<i> And she is turned into a</i>
<i> vast, floating hospital.</i>

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<i> 882 feet long.</i>

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<i> Weighing 53,000 tons,</i>

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<i> And with enough beds</i>
<i> for 3,300 patients.</i>

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<i> After five successful voyages,</i>

52
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<i> She sets out for the</i>

53
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<i> Battlefields of the</i>
<i> eastern mediterranean.</i>

54
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<i> Steaming towards the british</i>
<i> naval base at mudros,</i>

55
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<i> Traveling in the kea channel.</i>

56
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<i> It's a clear day, with</i>
<i> no enemy in sight.</i>

57
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<i> But shortly after 8am...</i>

58
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<i>She sinks in just under an hour.</i>

59
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<i> 30 people die, but</i>
<i> over 1,000 are rescued.</i>

60
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<i> The contradictory stories</i>
<i> of the survivors begin</i>

61
00:04:54,745 --> 00:04:57,813
<i> A century of controversy.</i>

62
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James: When britannic was
lost the key questions were,

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Had it been torpedoed?

64
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Or had it been sunk by mines?

65
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<i> Narrator: A mine is a</i>
<i> tragic accident of war.</i>

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<i> A torpedo, aimed at a</i>
<i> clearly marked hospital ship,</i>

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<i> Is a war crime.</i>

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Simon: There was always a
mystery about what really

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Happened to the britannic.

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<i> Narrator: Historian, simon</i>
<i> mills believes hard evidence</i>

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<i> May lie in the waters,</i>
<i> off kea island,</i>

72
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<i> In greece 400 feet down.</i>

73
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Simon: It really was
a case of finding out

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What the weapon was.

75
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Trying to find physical
evidence on the seabed

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Of what actually
sank the britannic.

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Scott: It's a deep
dive, it's a tough dive,

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But really excited about
getting in the water.

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<i> Narrator: Below the</i>
<i> surface: A lost world,</i>

80
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<i> And a wreck of</i>
<i> startling proportions.</i>

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Scott: And as you
look up you have this,

82
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This beautiful deep blue that
silhouettes the whole wreck.

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It takes your breath
away it really does.

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<i> Narrator: Divers only</i>
<i> ever see a small fraction</i>

85
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<i> Of this lost giant.</i>

86
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Simon: It's
absolutely massive.

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She's the largest liner on
the seabed and as a result um,

88
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When you're diving on her you
just cannot see everything.

89
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<i> Narrator: But now, we can</i>
<i> drain away the mediterranean</i>

90
00:06:58,635 --> 00:07:01,920
<i> And see britannic in full.</i>

91
00:07:07,644 --> 00:07:11,480
<i> First, the bridge.</i>

92
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<i> Then, the bow,</i>
<i> lying on its side.</i>

93
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<i> And almost 1,000 feet away:</i>
<i> Three massive propellers,</i>

94
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<i> Each as big as a house,</i>
<i> and all still in position.</i>

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<i> The largest ship of her age,</i>
<i> bigger than any cathedral.</i>

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Scott: It's just on
a different scale.

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It, it's just
absolutely gigantic.

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<i> Narrator: Gigantic and</i>
<i> perfectly preserved.</i>

99
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Simon: You can compare
it to the titanic,

100
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Which is broken in half,
twisted, mangled and, uh,

101
00:08:04,284 --> 00:08:05,901
In a terrible
condition really.

102
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Whereas britannic you'll
actually find that everything

103
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Is practically as it
was on the day she sank.

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Owen: Outstanding,
absolutely outstanding!

105
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<i> Narrator: So what</i>
<i> really sank her?</i>

106
00:08:28,542 --> 00:08:33,178
<i> Looking for leads, simon</i>
<i> turns to newspaper reports.</i>

107
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Simon: She was very,
very big headlines

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For several weeks after.

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The germans allegedly
had torpedoed an innocent

110
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British hospital ship.

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<i> Narrator: Two eyewitness</i>
<i> accounts speak of a deliberate</i>

112
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<i> Attack, with torpedo tracks</i>
<i> spotted in the water moments</i>

113
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<i> Before the explosion.</i>

114
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<i> In 1916, attacking a</i>
<i> hospital ship runs against</i>

115
00:08:58,539 --> 00:09:01,973
<i> All accepted rules of war.</i>

116
00:09:03,010 --> 00:09:07,279
<i> So is this really the</i>
<i> site of a war crime?</i>

117
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<i> The drained wreck</i>
<i> site reveals evidence</i>

118
00:09:13,003 --> 00:09:16,238
<i> No diver could ever see.</i>

119
00:09:18,742 --> 00:09:21,076
<i> Face down on the ocean floor,</i>

120
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<i> A deformed section</i>
<i> of the ship's hull,</i>

121
00:09:23,747 --> 00:09:27,299
<i> Probably 40 feet long</i>
<i> and eight feet wide,</i>

122
00:09:27,401 --> 00:09:31,169
<i> Where steel plates</i>
<i> are bent inwards.</i>

123
00:09:33,457 --> 00:09:36,241
<i> Clear evidence of a</i>
<i> devastating explosion</i>

124
00:09:36,343 --> 00:09:39,744
<i> On the outside of the ship.</i>

125
00:09:40,647 --> 00:09:45,166
<i> What weapon could create</i>
<i> this type of blast damage?</i>

126
00:09:48,705 --> 00:09:53,208
<i> Simon is determined to hunt</i>
<i> down physical evidence.</i>

127
00:09:57,881 --> 00:10:01,666
<i> Using a submersible,</i>
<i> he scours the seafloor:</i>

128
00:10:01,768 --> 00:10:05,103
<i> Focusing on a spot half a</i>
<i> mile from the wreck site,</i>

129
00:10:06,006 --> 00:10:10,108
<i> The area where the</i>
<i> explosion was reported.</i>

130
00:10:15,048 --> 00:10:19,167
<i> For hours, he sees nothing</i>
<i> except sand and rocks.</i>

131
00:10:23,006 --> 00:10:26,608
<i> No sign of torpedo</i>
<i> parts or fragments.</i>

132
00:10:29,346 --> 00:10:34,199
<i> But the drained landscape</i>
<i> does reveal something.</i>

133
00:10:36,737 --> 00:10:40,872
<i> It's heavily encrusted but</i>
<i> identifiable as a small piece</i>

134
00:10:40,974 --> 00:10:44,009
<i> Of metal three feet across.</i>

135
00:10:46,013 --> 00:10:49,514
Simon: It looks like
a cracked eggshell.

136
00:10:53,503 --> 00:10:55,637
<i> Narrator: The object is</i>
<i> exactly the shape and size</i>

137
00:10:55,739 --> 00:10:58,773
<i> Of the casing of</i>
<i> an e-type sea-mine:</i>

138
00:10:58,875 --> 00:11:01,743
<i> A standard german</i>
<i> device from world war I,</i>

139
00:11:03,914 --> 00:11:06,147
<i> And it's lying close</i>
<i> to the spot where</i>

140
00:11:06,249 --> 00:11:09,868
<i> The explosion was reported</i>
<i> over 100 years ago.</i>

141
00:11:12,706 --> 00:11:13,905
Simon: When you see finally
see it there in front of your

142
00:11:14,007 --> 00:11:16,408
Own eyes you think yea,
fabulous, we've done it.

143
00:11:16,510 --> 00:11:19,377
Now we finally have
the physical evidence.

144
00:11:21,214 --> 00:11:25,166
<i> Narrator: The mine fragments</i>
<i> end a century of controversy.</i>

145
00:11:25,268 --> 00:11:29,104
<i> It's irrefutable evidence that</i>
<i> eye-witnesses were confused</i>

146
00:11:29,206 --> 00:11:32,540
<i> And that britannic was not</i>
<i> deliberately targeted by a</i>

147
00:11:32,642 --> 00:11:35,610
<i> German submarine.</i>

148
00:11:36,813 --> 00:11:40,215
<i> In fact, some reports of a</i>
<i> torpedo turn out to be nothing</i>

149
00:11:40,317 --> 00:11:43,368
<i> More than wartime propaganda.</i>

150
00:11:45,338 --> 00:11:47,072
Simon: No u-boats were
reported to be active in this

151
00:11:47,174 --> 00:11:50,208
Area on the day that
the britannic was sank.

152
00:11:50,310 --> 00:11:53,611
To be absolutely categoric,
she was sunk by a mine.

153
00:11:57,050 --> 00:11:58,700
<i> Narrator: With the key</i>
<i> evidence from the drained</i>

154
00:11:58,802 --> 00:12:03,004
<i> Wreck it is now possible</i>
<i> to reconstruct britannic's</i>

155
00:12:03,106 --> 00:12:06,241
<i> Final, fatal moments.</i>

156
00:12:09,846 --> 00:12:12,247
<i> She steams through</i>
<i> the kea channel.</i>

157
00:12:14,250 --> 00:12:18,303
<i> On her way to pick up</i>
<i> thousands of injured soldiers.</i>

158
00:12:21,391 --> 00:12:24,642
<i> She strikes the mine</i>

159
00:12:26,580 --> 00:12:30,548
<i> Probably laid three weeks</i>
<i> earlier by a german u-boat.</i>

160
00:12:30,967 --> 00:12:32,534
Simon: There's a
huge massive bang,

161
00:12:32,636 --> 00:12:36,504
The ship shook literally
for about 30 seconds.

162
00:12:37,974 --> 00:12:41,042
<i> Narrator: The explosion</i>
<i> smashes in the starboard side,</i>

163
00:12:42,512 --> 00:12:46,281
<i> Water floods into</i>
<i> a boiler room.</i>

164
00:12:48,535 --> 00:12:51,569
James: With so much of the
hull opened to the ocean,

165
00:12:51,671 --> 00:12:54,672
Britannic was doomed.

166
00:12:54,775 --> 00:12:57,408
<i> Narrator: The damage is far</i>
<i> more extensive than that which</i>

167
00:12:57,511 --> 00:13:02,280
<i> Sank the titanic and britannic</i>
<i> is quickly overwhelmed.</i>

168
00:13:06,102 --> 00:13:08,636
<i> Another boiler room floods.</i>

169
00:13:08,738 --> 00:13:13,441
<i>And another, until the massive</i>
<i>ship reaches its buoyancy limit,</i>

170
00:13:14,661 --> 00:13:17,312
<i> Sealing its fate.</i>

171
00:13:20,867 --> 00:13:25,570
<i> It takes just 55 minutes</i>
<i> from explosion to sinking.</i>

172
00:13:28,074 --> 00:13:32,110
<i> The rapid loss of britannic,</i>
<i> and the titanic before her,</i>

173
00:13:32,212 --> 00:13:35,780
<i> Alarms the world's</i>
<i> ship designers.</i>

174
00:13:38,001 --> 00:13:42,370
<i> For the first time</i>
<i> international shipping</i>
<i> standards come into force.</i>

175
00:13:43,006 --> 00:13:45,773
Larrie: It did spur
the international
community into action.

176
00:13:48,245 --> 00:13:51,346
<i> Narrator: The new laws are</i>
<i> intended to make all ships</i>

177
00:13:51,448 --> 00:13:54,048
<i> Harder to sink.</i>

178
00:13:54,901 --> 00:13:57,869
<i> And that's never</i>
<i> been more important.</i>

179
00:13:59,472 --> 00:14:01,739
<i> In the decades</i>
<i> after britannic,</i>

180
00:14:01,842 --> 00:14:05,276
<i> The era of transatlantic</i>
<i> air travel dawns,</i>

181
00:14:06,446 --> 00:14:09,781
<i> And the number of</i>
<i> ocean liners declines.</i>

182
00:14:11,301 --> 00:14:14,903
<i> But the number of giant</i>
<i> ships doesn't fall.</i>

183
00:14:20,877 --> 00:14:23,177
<i> There are new cargoes.</i>

184
00:14:23,280 --> 00:14:28,199
<i> One above all: Oil.</i>

185
00:14:30,470 --> 00:14:35,640
<i> The world's appetite</i>
<i> for arabia's black</i>
<i> gold is insatiable.</i>

186
00:14:37,644 --> 00:14:39,911
<i> Moving it from the</i>
<i> gulf to europe,</i>

187
00:14:40,013 --> 00:14:43,748
<i> America and asia is a</i>
<i> lucrative business and</i>

188
00:14:43,850 --> 00:14:49,170
<i> Requires a new kind of</i>
<i> ship: The supertanker.</i>

189
00:14:52,576 --> 00:14:55,176
<i> Up to a quarter of</i>
<i> a mile in length,</i>

190
00:14:55,278 --> 00:14:57,061
<i> These leviathans can carry</i>

191
00:14:57,147 --> 00:15:00,682
<i> Nearly half a million</i>
<i> tons of crude.</i>

192
00:15:01,902 --> 00:15:04,102
<i> It's vital they're</i>
<i> built to be safer than</i>

193
00:15:04,204 --> 00:15:06,638
<i> Any previous cargo ship.</i>

194
00:15:08,174 --> 00:15:10,942
<i> But are they?</i>

195
00:15:11,611 --> 00:15:14,078
Christoph: It was the
worst oil spill in history.

196
00:15:25,809 --> 00:15:29,877
<i> Narrator: The 1,100 feet long</i>
<i> oil supertanker, amoco cadiz,</i>

197
00:15:29,980 --> 00:15:33,815
<i> Is in the english channel,</i>

198
00:15:33,917 --> 00:15:38,069
<i> Loaded with 1.6 million</i>
<i> barrels of crude oil.</i>

199
00:15:39,873 --> 00:15:42,373
<i> The colossal ship is traveling</i>
<i> from the persian gulf</i>

200
00:15:42,475 --> 00:15:48,279
<i> To rotterdam when off the</i>
<i> coast of brittany, France,</i>

201
00:15:48,381 --> 00:15:52,533
<i> She hits heavy</i>
<i> seas, and sinks.</i>

202
00:15:57,273 --> 00:15:59,107
<i> Spilling her entire load</i>

203
00:15:59,209 --> 00:16:02,310
<i> Across the coast of</i>
<i> north western France.</i>

204
00:16:03,813 --> 00:16:06,314
James: Amico cadiz is
the world's first great

205
00:16:06,416 --> 00:16:09,934
Super tanker shipwreck disaster.

206
00:16:11,771 --> 00:16:16,441
What makes it important is
it's not loss of human life

207
00:16:16,543 --> 00:16:20,178
It's the amount of
oil on a coastline.

208
00:16:22,549 --> 00:16:27,101
The images of oil-covered
birds flashed around the planet.

209
00:16:28,238 --> 00:16:30,338
<i> Narrator: The clean-up</i>
<i> alone costs the oil company</i>

210
00:16:30,440 --> 00:16:33,441
<i> $200 million.</i>

211
00:16:34,544 --> 00:16:37,145
<i> But how did an almost</i>
<i> new supertanker</i>

212
00:16:37,247 --> 00:16:39,931
<i> Simply break apart?</i>

213
00:16:42,969 --> 00:16:47,405
<i> Two miles off the</i>
<i> coast of brittany an</i>
<i> expedition is underway.</i>

214
00:16:48,074 --> 00:16:51,476
<i> Led by diver christoph gerigk.</i>

215
00:16:53,980 --> 00:16:56,981
Christoph: We are here
to investigate the wreck.

216
00:16:57,083 --> 00:17:00,234
We are trying to work
out what happened.

217
00:17:04,607 --> 00:17:07,875
<i> Narrator: While christoph</i>
<i> searches underwater,</i>

218
00:17:07,977 --> 00:17:12,513
<i> A survey team scans the</i>
<i> seabed with side-scan sonar,</i>

219
00:17:13,216 --> 00:17:16,234
<i> For the very first time.</i>

220
00:17:17,804 --> 00:17:20,204
Kyle: The amoco cadiz
is a really big ship,

221
00:17:20,306 --> 00:17:22,206
It's never been
scanned before,

222
00:17:22,308 --> 00:17:25,777
So we're gonna be the first
people to actually see it.

223
00:17:30,784 --> 00:17:33,735
We can just keep
going straight.

224
00:17:35,772 --> 00:17:41,843
<i> Narrator: After an hour they</i>
<i> get a hit, and it's a big one.</i>

225
00:17:43,346 --> 00:17:44,712
Kyle: Right here, that's
the wreck right there,

226
00:17:44,814 --> 00:17:46,681
That's the stern.

227
00:17:46,783 --> 00:17:49,300
Crew man: It's huge!
That is really huge.

228
00:17:49,402 --> 00:17:50,568
It's massive.

229
00:17:50,670 --> 00:17:51,836
Kyle: It is a big ship.

230
00:17:51,938 --> 00:17:55,006
Crew man: It's amazing,
that's amazing.

231
00:17:55,475 --> 00:17:58,142
<i> Narrator: The sonar data</i>
<i> offers a tantalizing top-down</i>

232
00:17:58,244 --> 00:18:01,913
<i> Image of a large</i>
<i> section of the hull.</i>

233
00:18:03,550 --> 00:18:07,468
<i> Using the scan as a guide</i>

234
00:18:08,138 --> 00:18:12,807
<i> Christoph's team focuses</i>
<i> on an area 115 feet down.</i>

235
00:18:18,548 --> 00:18:20,815
Christoph: It's an exciting
experience to dive the amoco

236
00:18:20,917 --> 00:18:24,202
Because it's just so huge.

237
00:18:25,905 --> 00:18:29,474
It is a big wreck, it's maybe
the biggest wreck in the world.

238
00:18:39,235 --> 00:18:42,603
You feel really
small compared to it.

239
00:18:45,875 --> 00:18:49,343
Inside the tanker is
like in a big cave.

240
00:18:51,214 --> 00:18:54,215
You never know where it ends.

241
00:19:00,974 --> 00:19:04,909
<i> Narrator: Underwater footage</i>
<i> offers glimpses of this giant.</i>

242
00:19:06,913 --> 00:19:10,014
<i> Now we can do better.</i>

243
00:19:17,574 --> 00:19:22,510
<i> And slowly a lost behemoth,</i>
<i> emerges into daylight.</i>

244
00:19:29,035 --> 00:19:31,702
<i> First, the stern.</i>

245
00:19:33,139 --> 00:19:37,441
<i> 220 feet long by</i>
<i> 160 feet wide.</i>

246
00:19:39,312 --> 00:19:42,980
<i> Then, one of the five</i>
<i> massive oil tanks.</i>

247
00:19:47,503 --> 00:19:51,873
<i> Finally, the bow,</i>
<i> disappearing into the sand.</i>

248
00:19:55,211 --> 00:19:59,881
Christoph: It's a landscape
of destruction and violence.

249
00:20:01,417 --> 00:20:05,336
The wreck is completely
ripped apart, like this.

250
00:20:06,306 --> 00:20:10,541
<i> Narrator: So how was such</i>
<i> a huge ship torn to shreds?</i>

251
00:20:13,580 --> 00:20:16,547
<i> The drained wreck provides</i>
<i> a key piece of evidence.</i>

252
00:20:16,649 --> 00:20:19,567
<i> In one of her compartments:</i>

253
00:20:19,669 --> 00:20:22,870
<i> What appears to be</i>
<i> a hairline crack</i>

254
00:20:24,374 --> 00:20:27,008
<i> And there's more.</i>

255
00:20:27,110 --> 00:20:31,612
<i> All across the hull, larger</i>
<i> sections, cracked open.</i>

256
00:20:34,550 --> 00:20:37,268
<i> A closer look reveals why,</i>

257
00:20:37,370 --> 00:20:40,605
<i> A metal skin only an</i>
<i> inch and a half thick,</i>

258
00:20:40,707 --> 00:20:45,876
<i> A skin that once encased</i>
<i> over 200,000 tons of oil.</i>

259
00:20:48,248 --> 00:20:50,514
Christoph: To me it's very
surprising that such a big

260
00:20:50,617 --> 00:20:53,367
Ship has such a thin hull.

261
00:20:54,504 --> 00:20:56,804
<i> Narrator: The amoco cadiz</i>
<i> may be nearly as big as the</i>

262
00:20:56,906 --> 00:21:02,343
<i> Empire state building, but</i>
<i> her hull is paper thin.</i>

263
00:21:04,047 --> 00:21:09,200
Christoph: It's a crack which
destroyed this huge giant.

264
00:21:12,205 --> 00:21:14,388
<i> Narrator: Now, based in part</i>
<i> on the evidence from the</i>

265
00:21:14,474 --> 00:21:18,109
<i> Drained wreck, we can</i>
<i> reconstruct exactly how</i>

266
00:21:18,211 --> 00:21:21,779
<i> The amoco cadiz met her end.</i>

267
00:21:30,073 --> 00:21:34,108
<i> The enormous tanker</i>
<i> hits a force 10 gale,</i>

268
00:21:35,244 --> 00:21:38,045
<i>With winds of 60 miles per hour</i>

269
00:21:38,147 --> 00:21:41,599
<i> And waves up to 40 feet high.</i>

270
00:21:44,971 --> 00:21:47,238
<i> A powerful wave slams</i>
<i> into the rudder,</i>

271
00:21:51,411 --> 00:21:54,545
<i> Smashing apart</i>
<i> the steering gear,</i>

272
00:21:54,647 --> 00:21:58,332
<i> Making the 1,100 foot long</i>
<i> ship impossible to control.</i>

273
00:22:01,371 --> 00:22:03,404
<i> Over the next 12 hours,</i>

274
00:22:03,506 --> 00:22:07,174
<i> The amoco cadiz is pushed</i>
<i> ever closer to brittany:</i>

275
00:22:07,276 --> 00:22:10,778
<i> Notorious for its</i>
<i> jagged rocky coastline.</i>

276
00:22:13,182 --> 00:22:17,168
<i>Finally, at 9:04 in the evening</i>

277
00:22:17,270 --> 00:22:20,638
<i> The inevitable happens.</i>

278
00:22:22,642 --> 00:22:27,144
<i> One tear, and another,</i>

279
00:22:28,581 --> 00:22:32,700
<i> Is all it takes to rupture</i>
<i> the weak single-hulled ship</i>

280
00:22:34,370 --> 00:22:37,304
<i> Like an eggshell</i>
<i> hitting a wall.</i>

281
00:22:43,913 --> 00:22:46,747
<i> There are no human casualties.</i>

282
00:22:46,849 --> 00:22:50,801
<i> All 44 men aboard are</i>
<i> rescued by helicopter.</i>

283
00:22:52,505 --> 00:22:56,607
<i> But a region of France</i>
<i> famous for its wildlife</i>
<i> and natural beauty</i>

284
00:22:56,709 --> 00:23:02,113
<i> Is drenched in</i>
<i> 220,000 tons of oil.</i>

285
00:23:03,282 --> 00:23:05,499
Christoph: It was the
worst oil spill ever.

286
00:23:05,601 --> 00:23:09,053
It was the worst oil
spill in history.

287
00:23:10,440 --> 00:23:14,775
<i> Narrator: The amoco cadiz</i>
<i> changes the way the world</i>
<i> sees giant ships.</i>

288
00:23:17,580 --> 00:23:19,914
Christoph: In the aftermath
of the disaster and other

289
00:23:20,016 --> 00:23:23,768
Disasters of the same kind
there was a new law which

290
00:23:23,870 --> 00:23:27,104
Created the obligation for
a double-hull construction.

291
00:23:30,076 --> 00:23:33,077
<i> Narrator: In theory, a</i>
<i> double-skinned hull should be</i>

292
00:23:33,179 --> 00:23:37,047
<i> Able to withstand the worst</i>
<i> the sea can throw at it.</i>

293
00:23:38,167 --> 00:23:41,202
<i> But as the global economy</i>
<i> continues to expand,</i>

294
00:23:41,304 --> 00:23:45,139
<i> Demand for ever-bigger</i>
<i> vessels grows unabated,</i>

295
00:23:45,241 --> 00:23:50,010
<i> Putting new strains</i>
<i> on the work horses of</i>
<i> international trade:</i>

296
00:23:50,113 --> 00:23:52,947
<i> The bulk carrier.</i>

297
00:23:55,802 --> 00:23:59,170
<i> These giants carry almost</i>
<i> half of the world's cargo,</i>

298
00:23:59,272 --> 00:24:01,038
<i> Shunting raw materials</i>

299
00:24:01,140 --> 00:24:04,175
<i> From one side of the</i>
<i> planet to the other.</i>

300
00:24:06,779 --> 00:24:10,047
<i> The mv derbyshire is one of</i>
<i> this new generation of tough</i>

301
00:24:10,149 --> 00:24:16,103
<i> Super ships, almost 1,000 feet</i>
<i> long with a state-of-the-art</i>

302
00:24:16,205 --> 00:24:20,407
<i> Double-hull and</i>
<i> nine massive holds,</i>

303
00:24:21,477 --> 00:24:26,313
<i> She can pack in over</i>
<i> 160,000 tons of cargo.</i>

304
00:24:28,017 --> 00:24:32,837
<i> Derbyshire is a true colossus,</i>
<i> with a range of 10,000 miles.</i>

305
00:24:34,941 --> 00:24:39,243
<i> In July 1980, she leaves</i>
<i> canada laden with iron ore,</i>

306
00:24:39,345 --> 00:24:42,112
<i> Heading for japan.</i>

307
00:24:42,648 --> 00:24:44,548
<i> Then on September the 9th,</i>

308
00:24:44,650 --> 00:24:49,904
<i> She suddenly disappears</i>
<i> without a trace.</i>

309
00:24:51,941 --> 00:24:54,208
<i> Without even a mayday call.</i>

310
00:24:54,310 --> 00:24:58,112
<i> And no sign of the 42 men</i>
<i> and two women on board.</i>

311
00:24:58,881 --> 00:25:01,665
<i> Their families demand answers.</i>

312
00:25:01,767 --> 00:25:04,168
David: It was the
ultimate shipping mystery,

313
00:25:04,270 --> 00:25:10,541
One minute it's there and
the next minute it's gone.

314
00:25:21,771 --> 00:25:24,305
<i> Narrator: Shipwreck hunter</i>
<i> david mearns is looking for</i>

315
00:25:24,407 --> 00:25:25,940
<i> A lost giant.</i>

316
00:25:26,042 --> 00:25:28,242
<i> The mv derbyshire.</i>

317
00:25:30,246 --> 00:25:33,314
David: It was a ship
lost without a trace.

318
00:25:33,416 --> 00:25:35,866
(radio chatter).

319
00:25:36,435 --> 00:25:40,004
David: Something catastrophic
happened to this ship,

320
00:25:40,106 --> 00:25:43,541
And we had to bring
back the evidence.

321
00:25:45,044 --> 00:25:47,211
<i> Narrator: It won't be easy.</i>

322
00:25:47,313 --> 00:25:50,281
<i> With no mayday message</i>
<i> mearns has no reliable fix</i>

323
00:25:50,383 --> 00:25:52,833
<i>On derbyshire's final position.</i>

324
00:25:54,470 --> 00:25:58,872
<i>And the china sea is almost</i>
<i>two and a half miles deep here.</i>

325
00:26:00,610 --> 00:26:02,676
David: Everybody talks about
the needle in a haystack.

326
00:26:02,778 --> 00:26:05,679
Well first off you need to
know where the haystack is.

327
00:26:07,383 --> 00:26:10,034
<i> Narrator: The only hint,</i>
<i> reports of oil slicks in the</i>

328
00:26:10,136 --> 00:26:12,870
<i> Days after the</i>
<i> ship went missing.</i>

329
00:26:14,540 --> 00:26:18,542
David: That's a clue to
where the ship was lost.

330
00:26:19,312 --> 00:26:23,113
Heading, two zero, beautiful,
right down the line.

331
00:26:24,584 --> 00:26:27,067
<i> Narrator: Using sonar</i>
<i> and gut instinct,</i>

332
00:26:27,169 --> 00:26:29,770
<i> Mearns scans the</i>
<i> area for days.</i>

333
00:26:32,441 --> 00:26:35,175
<i> Without success.</i>

334
00:26:37,146 --> 00:26:40,281
<i> Finally, on day three...</i>

335
00:26:40,383 --> 00:26:43,300
David: Okay, we've
got a large target.

336
00:26:44,570 --> 00:26:47,571
<i> Narrator: They spot something.</i>

337
00:26:49,141 --> 00:26:52,109
David: We see this great big
structure in front of us,

338
00:26:52,211 --> 00:26:56,547
And we're moving in to
it, very very slowly.

339
00:26:58,501 --> 00:27:03,137
And we're counting down
to this object, 50 meters,

340
00:27:04,540 --> 00:27:08,142
40 meters, 30 and 20

341
00:27:08,244 --> 00:27:10,277
And then finally at
about 10 meters

342
00:27:10,379 --> 00:27:16,667
Out of the gloom comes this
great big piece of steel

343
00:27:18,237 --> 00:27:21,639
Which was the side
of the derbyshire.

344
00:27:27,046 --> 00:27:30,881
And that was it,
we had found it.

345
00:27:33,336 --> 00:27:36,603
This is the grave
site for 44 people.

346
00:27:37,640 --> 00:27:39,473
<i> Narrator: The underwater</i>
<i> cameras pick out</i>

347
00:27:39,575 --> 00:27:42,343
<i> Pieces of twisted metal.</i>

348
00:27:43,846 --> 00:27:47,314
<i> Now, as the deep ocean</i>
<i> drains away we can reveal</i>

349
00:27:47,416 --> 00:27:50,701
<i> The full scale of</i>
<i> this lost giant,</i>

350
00:27:52,872 --> 00:27:56,407
<i> For the first time</i>
<i> in nearly 40 years.</i>

351
00:28:00,212 --> 00:28:05,332
<i> A huge bow 160</i>
<i> feet by 140 feet</i>

352
00:28:06,202 --> 00:28:09,069
<i> Upright on the seafloor,</i>

353
00:28:09,171 --> 00:28:13,006
<i> Broken off like</i>
<i> a discarded toy.</i>

354
00:28:14,877 --> 00:28:18,912
<i> Nearby, the cover of</i>
<i> one of the ship's holds.</i>

355
00:28:20,282 --> 00:28:26,670
<i> Then, behind the bow,</i>
<i> something totally unexpected.</i>

356
00:28:28,841 --> 00:28:32,109
<i> The rest of the</i>
<i> ship, obliterated.</i>

357
00:28:33,846 --> 00:28:36,880
<i> Reduced to tiny pieces and</i>

358
00:28:36,982 --> 00:28:40,734
<i> Spread out over</i>
<i> half a square mile.</i>

359
00:28:43,239 --> 00:28:46,707
David: It's total
utter destruction.

360
00:28:46,809 --> 00:28:48,942
We're not talking just
hundreds of pieces;

361
00:28:49,044 --> 00:28:51,612
We're talking
thousands of pieces.

362
00:28:53,749 --> 00:28:55,933
We were just shocked.

363
00:28:56,035 --> 00:28:58,202
<i> Narrator: How could</i>
<i> a modern ship,</i>

364
00:28:58,304 --> 00:29:02,372
<i> Engineered for safety and with</i>
<i> a new double skinned hull,</i>

365
00:29:02,475 --> 00:29:05,075
<i> End its life like this?</i>

366
00:29:05,177 --> 00:29:07,444
David: The real question
was, you know not that it was

367
00:29:07,546 --> 00:29:10,414
Broken, but what caused
the ship to sink?

368
00:29:12,067 --> 00:29:14,334
<i> Narrator: Three years later,</i>
<i> another expedition to the</i>

369
00:29:14,437 --> 00:29:17,304
<i> Wreck site looks for answers.</i>

370
00:29:17,406 --> 00:29:20,774
<i> Lead engineer is andy bowen.</i>

371
00:29:23,212 --> 00:29:26,513
Andy: For us the first
instinct when we saw the

372
00:29:26,615 --> 00:29:30,501
Debris on the sea floor
was just awe, really.

373
00:29:31,270 --> 00:29:34,838
The immensity of the
destruction was really a

374
00:29:34,940 --> 00:29:38,575
Mind-blowing thing to,
to witness first hand.

375
00:29:39,678 --> 00:29:43,947
How a ship could be so
completely destroyed.

376
00:29:45,734 --> 00:29:49,403
<i> Narrator: New data</i>
<i> provides a telling clue.</i>

377
00:29:54,109 --> 00:29:57,411
<i> All around the bow,</i>
<i> there are air vents.</i>

378
00:29:58,380 --> 00:30:01,415
<i> Closer inspection</i>
<i> shows they're open.</i>

379
00:30:02,268 --> 00:30:05,202
<i> Their covers ripped away.</i>

380
00:30:06,238 --> 00:30:09,540
<i> Water could have entered here,</i>

381
00:30:09,642 --> 00:30:12,643
<i> Flooding this</i>
<i> section of the ship.</i>

382
00:30:13,546 --> 00:30:15,579
<i> And if the bow was flooded,</i>

383
00:30:15,681 --> 00:30:19,233
<i> The whole vessel would become</i>
<i> increasingly vulnerable,</i>

384
00:30:19,335 --> 00:30:23,737
<i> Dragging her down lower</i>
<i> and lower into the sea.</i>

385
00:30:27,409 --> 00:30:32,446
<i> This may explain why she</i>
<i> sank, but not why she's</i>

386
00:30:32,548 --> 00:30:35,766
<i> In fragments on the sea floor.</i>

387
00:30:41,473 --> 00:30:44,541
<i> And when andy looks closely</i>
<i> at pieces of the fragmented</i>

388
00:30:44,643 --> 00:30:48,078
<i> Vessel, he makes a</i>
<i> remarkable discovery.</i>

389
00:30:49,615 --> 00:30:54,801
<i> All along the edges, tiny,</i>
<i> brittle fracture patterns.</i>

390
00:30:54,904 --> 00:30:59,740
<i>Evidence that an explosive force</i>
<i>has blasted the hull apart.</i>

391
00:31:01,544 --> 00:31:04,244
<i> Could there be some kind</i>
<i> of design flaw with the</i>

392
00:31:04,346 --> 00:31:07,614
<i> Derbyshire's</i>
<i> strengthened hull?</i>

393
00:31:11,804 --> 00:31:14,905
<i> The answer lies in the strange</i>
<i> effects of the sea on a</i>

394
00:31:15,007 --> 00:31:18,008
<i> Sinking double-hulled ship.</i>

395
00:31:18,110 --> 00:31:23,247
<i> When a ship sinks, at around</i>
<i> 200 feet down the pressure is</i>

396
00:31:23,349 --> 00:31:26,700
<i> Seven times greater than</i>
<i> it is at the surface.</i>

397
00:31:28,504 --> 00:31:32,439
<i> Most ships implode as they</i>
<i> pass this critical point.</i>

398
00:31:32,541 --> 00:31:36,143
<i> But a double hulled ship</i>
<i> behaves differently.</i>

399
00:31:36,745 --> 00:31:39,680
<i> As it crushes down, air</i>
<i> trapped inside the empty</i>

400
00:31:39,782 --> 00:31:43,700
<i> Spaces and voids is</i>
<i> violently compressed.</i>

401
00:31:43,802 --> 00:31:47,037
<i> Pressure builds until it's</i>
<i> strong enough to blow the</i>

402
00:31:47,139 --> 00:31:52,442
<i> Hull apart with a force</i>
<i> equivalent to 16 tons of tnt.</i>

403
00:31:53,112 --> 00:31:55,412
(explosion).

404
00:31:55,514 --> 00:31:59,199
<i> It's a phenomenon known as</i>
<i> implosion-explosion and</i>

405
00:31:59,301 --> 00:32:02,903
<i>Takes only a matter of seconds.</i>

406
00:32:04,139 --> 00:32:06,974
David: It's like taking
a balloon and popping it.

407
00:32:07,810 --> 00:32:10,944
<i> Narrator: Only this effect</i>
<i> can explain the derbyshire's</i>

408
00:32:11,046 --> 00:32:14,348
<i> Scatter pattern on the seabed.</i>

409
00:32:14,450 --> 00:32:18,669
<i> Yet it doesn't explain</i>
<i> why she sinks so quickly.</i>

410
00:32:20,673 --> 00:32:23,373
<i> However, using</i>
<i> all the evidence,</i>

411
00:32:23,475 --> 00:32:27,711
<i> It's now possible to recreate</i>
<i> the derbyshire's exact fate,</i>

412
00:32:27,813 --> 00:32:30,147
<i> In frightening detail.</i>

413
00:32:41,076 --> 00:32:45,295
<i> Narrator: The 960 foot long</i>
<i> cargo ship, mv derbyshire,</i>

414
00:32:45,381 --> 00:32:49,166
<i> Is fully laden, and</i>
<i> headed for trouble.</i>

415
00:32:51,103 --> 00:32:54,938
<i> There's a typhoon in the</i>
<i> area, which suddenly changes</i>

416
00:32:55,040 --> 00:32:58,842
<i> Direction to put the</i>
<i> derbyshire in its path.</i>

417
00:33:01,880 --> 00:33:05,732
<i> Waves repeatedly</i>
<i> crash onto the deck.</i>

418
00:33:11,106 --> 00:33:14,908
<i> Knocking the ventilator covers</i>
<i> off the front of the ship.</i>

419
00:33:15,744 --> 00:33:20,047
<i> Sea water slowly fills a</i>
<i> storage area inside the bow,</i>

420
00:33:20,149 --> 00:33:23,300
<i> Gradually tilting the</i>
<i> whole vessel nose down</i>

421
00:33:23,402 --> 00:33:26,003
<i> Into the stormy seas.</i>

422
00:33:26,939 --> 00:33:29,473
David: At this point in
time the bow is full,

423
00:33:29,575 --> 00:33:33,877
And waves are rolling
up the deck of the ship.

424
00:33:36,415 --> 00:33:38,965
<i> Narrator: Through the night,</i>
<i> the ship is dragged lower and</i>

425
00:33:39,068 --> 00:33:43,103
<i> Lower into the water, but</i>
<i> in the chaos of the storm</i>

426
00:33:43,205 --> 00:33:45,939
<i> The crew doesn't notice.</i>

427
00:33:46,041 --> 00:33:48,975
David: Then total
disaster struck.

428
00:33:51,080 --> 00:33:53,180
<i> Narrator: A</i>
<i> massive rogue wave,</i>

429
00:33:53,282 --> 00:33:56,466
<i> Possibly as high as 90 feet</i>
<i> smashes in the hatch cover of</i>

430
00:33:56,568 --> 00:33:59,202
<i> Hold number one,</i>

431
00:33:59,738 --> 00:34:03,874
<i> Filling the hold with</i>
<i> thousands of tons of water.</i>

432
00:34:05,277 --> 00:34:06,977
<i> With this extra weight,</i>

433
00:34:07,079 --> 00:34:10,280
<i> The derbyshire is</i>
<i> now sinking fast.</i>

434
00:34:11,050 --> 00:34:14,234
<i> As she goes down, the hatch</i>
<i> covers of her other holds are</i>

435
00:34:14,336 --> 00:34:17,204
<i> Exposed to the raw</i>
<i> power of the sea.</i>

436
00:34:17,306 --> 00:34:19,539
(explosion).

437
00:34:20,075 --> 00:34:23,110
Larrie: It was a lot like an
underwater bomb going off.

438
00:34:25,380 --> 00:34:28,799
<i> Narrator: Hold number</i>
<i> one completely floods,</i>

439
00:34:28,901 --> 00:34:32,469
<i> The others follow swiftly</i>
<i> in a deadly domino effect.</i>

440
00:34:34,606 --> 00:34:37,974
David: The vessel is being
filled with water and being

441
00:34:38,077 --> 00:34:41,411
Pulled down by the bow.

442
00:34:42,781 --> 00:34:46,600
<i> Narrator: In just two</i>
<i> minutes she is gone.</i>

443
00:34:48,537 --> 00:34:50,504
Larrie: The crew had
no time to react,

444
00:34:50,606 --> 00:34:53,140
No time to send out a mayday.

445
00:34:54,309 --> 00:34:56,977
<i> Narrator: There</i>
<i> are no survivors,</i>

446
00:34:57,079 --> 00:35:00,680
<i> And no sign that any</i>
<i> lifeboat is ever launched.</i>

447
00:35:05,704 --> 00:35:09,005
<i> This disaster helps spur even</i>
<i> tougher action to regulate</i>

448
00:35:09,108 --> 00:35:12,008
<i> Cargo ship construction.</i>

449
00:35:13,812 --> 00:35:16,646
<i> Stronger air vents</i>
<i> on bulk carriers,</i>

450
00:35:16,748 --> 00:35:20,867
<i> Along with alarms to</i>
<i> warn if they're open.</i>

451
00:35:22,771 --> 00:35:26,306
David: Ultimately that has
really helped in terms of

452
00:35:26,408 --> 00:35:29,476
Preventing further accidents.

453
00:35:31,947 --> 00:35:34,147
Larrie: Since those
rules came into effect,

454
00:35:34,249 --> 00:35:36,500
The rate of loss of bulk
carriers has been cut

455
00:35:36,602 --> 00:35:38,869
Effectively in half.

456
00:35:38,971 --> 00:35:42,239
<i> Narrator: And safety has</i>
<i> never been more vital.</i>

457
00:35:46,979 --> 00:35:49,946
<i> The decades after the</i>
<i> derbyshire tragedy,</i>

458
00:35:50,048 --> 00:35:53,400
<i> Witness the most important</i>
<i> revolution in shipping for</i>

459
00:35:53,502 --> 00:35:57,204
<i> Centuries: Containerization.</i>

460
00:35:59,041 --> 00:36:01,641
James: Container ships
changed the world.

461
00:36:01,743 --> 00:36:06,313
<i> Narrator: These ships are a</i>
<i> crucial cog in globalization:</i>

462
00:36:06,415 --> 00:36:10,100
<i> A massive increase in</i>
<i> international trade links.</i>

463
00:36:11,370 --> 00:36:14,538
<i> Today, the biggest</i>
<i> container ships can carry</i>

464
00:36:14,640 --> 00:36:18,475
<i> Over 20,000</i>
<i> standardized containers.</i>

465
00:36:20,078 --> 00:36:24,381
<i> These vast floating warehouses</i>
<i> can be controlled by fewer</i>

466
00:36:24,483 --> 00:36:28,134
<i> Than 30 people and use</i>
<i> high technology to plot</i>

467
00:36:28,237 --> 00:36:31,471
<i> The safest and most</i>
<i> fuel-efficient routes.</i>

468
00:36:33,542 --> 00:36:37,644
<i> But they're not infallible.</i>

469
00:36:43,835 --> 00:36:45,835
<i> One of the latest</i>
<i> container ships,</i>

470
00:36:45,938 --> 00:36:49,539
<i> The el faro is carrying</i>
<i> almost 400 containers</i>

471
00:36:49,641 --> 00:36:52,375
<i>Along with 300 cars and trailers</i>

472
00:36:54,279 --> 00:36:57,714
<i> From jacksonville, florida,</i>
<i> to puerto rico.</i>

473
00:37:02,537 --> 00:37:07,040
<i> In suddenly menacing seas,</i>
<i> she runs into trouble.</i>

474
00:37:10,112 --> 00:37:13,480
<i> Her captain, michael davidson,</i>
<i> uses a satellite phone to make</i>

475
00:37:13,582 --> 00:37:15,548
<i> A desperate call for help.</i>

476
00:37:24,643 --> 00:37:27,177
<i> Narrator: But before he even</i>
<i> gets a chance to explain</i>

477
00:37:27,279 --> 00:37:30,347
<i> What's happening, his</i>
<i> 800 foot long megaship</i>

478
00:37:30,449 --> 00:37:33,166
<i> Vanishes off the map.</i>

479
00:37:34,536 --> 00:37:38,338
<i> Along with all 33</i>
<i> people on board.</i>

480
00:37:38,941 --> 00:37:41,808
James: El faro is the greatest
marine tragedy to hit the

481
00:37:41,910 --> 00:37:43,977
United states in decades.

482
00:37:45,647 --> 00:37:48,148
<i> Narrator: The disaster shows</i>
<i> that even the most advanced,</i>

483
00:37:48,250 --> 00:37:51,601
<i> Modern ships can</i>
<i> sometimes fail.</i>

484
00:37:55,340 --> 00:37:59,509
<i> Ntsb investigator, eric</i>
<i> stolzenberg is on mission</i>

485
00:37:59,611 --> 00:38:02,145
<i> To find out why.</i>

486
00:38:02,247 --> 00:38:04,914
Eric: What happened to
the el faro was a mystery.

487
00:38:05,017 --> 00:38:10,036
We didn't have any witnesses;
we didn't have the evidence

488
00:38:10,138 --> 00:38:12,405
Because it was lost
on the seafloor.

489
00:38:19,047 --> 00:38:23,933
<i> Narrator: Eric locates</i>
<i> the wreck using its last</i>
<i> known gps position:</i>

490
00:38:25,103 --> 00:38:29,873
<i> It's in very deep water:</i>
<i> 3 miles down.</i>

491
00:38:32,077 --> 00:38:35,211
<i> Sonar images suggest that the</i>
<i> debris is spread across an</i>

492
00:38:35,314 --> 00:38:39,165
<i> Area of 19 million</i>
<i> square feet.</i>

493
00:38:43,238 --> 00:38:46,439
<i> Andy bowen, once again</i>
<i> the lead engineer,</i>

494
00:38:46,541 --> 00:38:51,244
<i>Is eager to retrieve the ship's</i>
<i>'vdr' or voyage data recorder.</i>

495
00:38:52,347 --> 00:38:55,315
Andy: A voyage data recorder
is essentially a black box,

496
00:38:55,417 --> 00:38:59,235
Similar to what would be in an
aircraft and so it records a

497
00:38:59,338 --> 00:39:03,306
Variety of data streams,
so conversations,

498
00:39:03,408 --> 00:39:06,309
Telephone calls, radio calls.

499
00:39:07,279 --> 00:39:09,846
<i> Narrator: Any data recorded</i>
<i> there could be key to</i>

500
00:39:09,948 --> 00:39:13,967
<i> Understanding what went</i>
<i> wrong with the el faro.</i>

501
00:39:19,908 --> 00:39:23,576
<i> First the team needs to</i>
<i> confirm the wreck's identity.</i>

502
00:39:25,080 --> 00:39:27,981
<i> They use a camera-mounted</i>
<i> unmanned vehicle.</i>

503
00:39:30,335 --> 00:39:35,605
<i> As it descends it begins</i>
<i> to pick up ghostly images.</i>

504
00:39:40,212 --> 00:39:43,480
<i> Twisted metal and then,</i>

505
00:39:44,783 --> 00:39:47,667
<i> Unmistakable evidence.</i>

506
00:39:58,447 --> 00:40:02,799
<i> Yet only as the waters recede</i>
<i> can the full scale of this</i>

507
00:40:02,901 --> 00:40:06,836
<i> Gigantic cargo</i>
<i> ship become clear.</i>

508
00:40:12,010 --> 00:40:16,112
<i> A true leviathan of the</i>
<i> deep, 800 feet long,</i>

509
00:40:16,214 --> 00:40:20,100
<i> Standing upright as</i>
<i> if still in harbor.</i>

510
00:40:23,472 --> 00:40:27,841
<i> Surrounded by dozens</i>
<i> of containers.</i>

511
00:40:29,244 --> 00:40:32,178
<i> A scene of utter devastation.</i>

512
00:40:32,314 --> 00:40:34,848
Andy: It was a stunning sight.

513
00:40:34,950 --> 00:40:40,170
Almost a blast zone of
disturbed sea floor.

514
00:40:42,140 --> 00:40:44,590
<i> Narrator: Working with the</i>
<i> us navy, they immediately</i>

515
00:40:44,676 --> 00:40:48,144
<i> Start searching for</i>
<i> the vdr 'black box',</i>

516
00:40:48,246 --> 00:40:52,081
<i> Ordinarily attached to the</i>
<i> ship's communications mast.</i>

517
00:40:53,502 --> 00:40:56,536
<i> But the mast has</i>
<i> been ripped away.</i>

518
00:40:56,638 --> 00:41:00,773
<i> And in a debris field</i>
<i> as vast as this,</i>

519
00:41:00,842 --> 00:41:03,676
<i> Finding it won't be easy.</i>

520
00:41:04,646 --> 00:41:07,147
Eric: The vdr is only about
the size of a basketball,

521
00:41:07,249 --> 00:41:10,433
7 inches by 8 inches,
it's a small cylinder.

522
00:41:10,535 --> 00:41:12,769
<i> Narrator: Can the</i>
<i> team track it down,</i>

523
00:41:12,871 --> 00:41:16,940
<i> And use its data to</i>
<i> understand what happened here?</i>

524
00:41:29,371 --> 00:41:31,871
<i> Narrator: A team of</i>
<i> investigators is painstakingly</i>

525
00:41:31,973 --> 00:41:35,408
<i> Scanning the huge wreck</i>
<i> site of the el faro.</i>

526
00:41:36,845 --> 00:41:40,713
<i> They're looking for its vdr,</i>
<i> the voyage data recorder,</i>

527
00:41:40,815 --> 00:41:44,100
<i> A tiny, basketball-sized</i>
<i> object that could explain</i>

528
00:41:44,202 --> 00:41:46,503
<i> Why it sank.</i>

529
00:41:46,605 --> 00:41:49,539
Eric: Kinda like a needle
in a haystack on the bottom.

530
00:41:54,813 --> 00:41:58,815
<i> Narrator: After five days,</i>
<i> with search-time running out</i>

531
00:41:58,917 --> 00:42:03,169
<i> They spot something glinting</i>
<i> in the rov's lights.</i>

532
00:42:03,271 --> 00:42:05,972
Eric: It was just enough to
catch somebody's eyes and so

533
00:42:06,074 --> 00:42:08,274
We drove in that direction.

534
00:42:09,678 --> 00:42:12,812
<i> Narrator: It's a third of a</i>
<i> mile from where it should be.</i>

535
00:42:12,914 --> 00:42:17,267
<i> The water's murky, and</i>
<i> the rov moves slowly.</i>

536
00:42:18,270 --> 00:42:23,406
<i> But as soon as the object</i>
<i> comes into view, it's clear,</i>

537
00:42:23,508 --> 00:42:26,676
<i> This is the vdr.</i>

538
00:42:28,713 --> 00:42:31,714
<i> The light is from its</i>
<i> reflective tape shining back</i>

539
00:42:31,816 --> 00:42:34,334
<i> At the cameras.</i>

540
00:42:34,436 --> 00:42:36,903
Andy: There was a tremendous
relief for everybody because

541
00:42:37,005 --> 00:42:39,806
That was a major,
major objective.

542
00:42:41,409 --> 00:42:43,476
<i> Narrator: After a</i>
<i> year on the seabed,</i>

543
00:42:43,578 --> 00:42:47,280
<i> Does it still contain</i>
<i> its vital data?</i>

544
00:42:48,950 --> 00:42:52,936
<i>The investigators start by</i>
<i>replaying the voice recordings.</i>

545
00:43:06,468 --> 00:43:09,769
Eric: Yeah, it was difficult
to listen to the vdr.

546
00:43:19,614 --> 00:43:23,099
Eric: We know how it
ends, but they don't.

547
00:43:35,313 --> 00:43:38,548
<i> Narrator: The vdr offers</i>
<i> first hand evidence but</i>

548
00:43:38,650 --> 00:43:40,283
<i> That's not all.</i>

549
00:43:40,368 --> 00:43:43,503
<i> It also contains information</i>
<i> on the ship's final position</i>

550
00:43:43,605 --> 00:43:46,172
<i> And movements.</i>

551
00:43:48,109 --> 00:43:51,010
<i> Showing that shortly</i>
<i> before she sinks,</i>

552
00:43:51,112 --> 00:43:54,747
<i> The el faro is flooding</i>
<i> in hold number 3.</i>

553
00:43:59,270 --> 00:44:01,804
<i> Narrator: Going back to</i>
<i> the drained wreck reveals</i>

554
00:44:01,906 --> 00:44:05,174
<i> Something hidden</i>
<i> in plain sight.</i>

555
00:44:08,480 --> 00:44:10,647
<i> All along one of</i>
<i> the upper decks:</i>

556
00:44:10,749 --> 00:44:13,766
<i> Large open loading areas.</i>

557
00:44:16,004 --> 00:44:18,938
It's common practice to leave
them open like this because

558
00:44:19,040 --> 00:44:21,941
The crew expect that any
water that enters here

559
00:44:22,043 --> 00:44:25,445
Will quickly drain away.

560
00:44:25,547 --> 00:44:28,915
But then the vdr
reveals a critical clue.

561
00:44:38,376 --> 00:44:42,845
<i> Narrator: A scuttle is a hatch</i>
<i> often located between decks.</i>

562
00:44:42,947 --> 00:44:46,866
<i> Looking at a plan of el faro</i>
<i> shows that if she listed</i>

563
00:44:46,968 --> 00:44:51,771
<i> Severely in the hurricane,</i>
<i> thousands of tons of water can</i>

564
00:44:51,873 --> 00:44:55,975
<i> Flow in through this point,</i>
<i> flooding her lower decks.</i>

565
00:45:03,184 --> 00:45:07,603
<i> Cars in the hold break free,</i>
<i> and strike water inlet pipes,</i>

566
00:45:07,706 --> 00:45:10,006
<i> Increasing the flooding.</i>

567
00:45:12,577 --> 00:45:15,044
<i> Data from the vdr clinches it:</i>

568
00:45:15,146 --> 00:45:18,314
<i> The el faro is listing</i>
<i> as much as 18 degrees</i>

569
00:45:18,416 --> 00:45:22,602
<i> Amid hurricane force winds</i>
<i> and mountainous waves.</i>

570
00:45:31,246 --> 00:45:35,848
<i> These openings are the</i>
<i> chink in this giant's armor.</i>

571
00:45:37,168 --> 00:45:41,704
<i> Immediately the ship is</i>
<i> flooded, she becomes unstable,</i>

572
00:45:41,806 --> 00:45:46,375
<i> And just 20 minutes</i>
<i> later, loses all power.</i>

573
00:45:47,178 --> 00:45:49,612
Eric: The captain does
ring an "abandon ship".

574
00:45:49,714 --> 00:45:52,048
<i> Narrator: But it's too late.</i>

575
00:45:54,636 --> 00:45:58,971
<i> The el faro, and all</i>
<i> her crew, are gone.</i>

576
00:46:03,111 --> 00:46:07,680
Andy: Till the very end
it was incredible bravery.

577
00:46:09,417 --> 00:46:12,835
<i>Narrator: The tragedy shows</i>
<i>that even the most modern ships</i>

578
00:46:12,937 --> 00:46:17,173
<i> Aren't immune to the effects</i>
<i> of nature at its wildest.</i>

579
00:46:20,061 --> 00:46:23,746
<i> In the meantime, the world's</i>
<i> sea-lanes get ever more</i>

580
00:46:23,848 --> 00:46:28,100
<i> Crowded, and the ships</i>
<i> plying them ever bigger.</i>

581
00:46:29,204 --> 00:46:32,905
Larrie: At every stage
where we've built larger
and larger ships,

582
00:46:33,007 --> 00:46:35,007
We ask ourselves the question:

583
00:46:35,109 --> 00:46:37,376
How much bigger can we get?

584
00:46:37,479 --> 00:46:40,213
And the truth is nobody really
knows how big we can go.

585
00:46:41,950 --> 00:46:45,268
<i>Narrator: Cargo ships are today</i>
<i>reaching epic proportions,</i>

586
00:46:45,370 --> 00:46:50,273
<i> The biggest in the world</i>
<i> is the oocl hong kong</i>

587
00:46:50,375 --> 00:46:53,676
<i> At over 1300 feet long.</i>

588
00:46:54,712 --> 00:46:57,446
<i> Even giant passenger</i>
<i> ships have re-emerged.</i>

589
00:46:57,549 --> 00:47:00,132
<i> Cruise liners like the</i>
<i> symphony of the seas</i>

590
00:47:00,301 --> 00:47:03,703
<i> Now carry over 6,000 people.</i>

591
00:47:03,805 --> 00:47:06,906
<i> The technology keeping</i>
<i> these maritime giants safe</i>

592
00:47:07,008 --> 00:47:09,108
<i> Continues to improve.</i>

593
00:47:09,244 --> 00:47:12,144
<i> But however well they</i>
<i> are built and commanded,</i>

594
00:47:12,247 --> 00:47:16,199
<i> The ocean giants of the future</i>
<i> will always have to face,</i>

595
00:47:16,301 --> 00:47:19,202
<i> The uncontrollable</i>
<i> power of the ocean.</i>

596
00:47:19,304 --> 00:47:20,536
Captioned by cotter
captioning services.