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00:00:07,508 --> 00:00:09,842
Narrator: The war that
defines a nation...
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00:00:09,944 --> 00:00:12,878
Hinges on a campaign
waged at sea...
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00:00:13,381 --> 00:00:14,646
Captain: Fire!
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00:00:14,749 --> 00:00:19,435
Narrator: That transforms
naval warfare forever.
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00:00:20,337 --> 00:00:23,305
James: The american
civil war was not only
the bloodiest conflict,
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It was in many ways the
first modern conflict.
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Narrator: Secret weapons...
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00:00:28,846 --> 00:00:32,381
Shocking surprises and
stories of raw courage,
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All lost beneath the waves.
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Crew: I think we might
have a shipwreck...
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00:00:37,071 --> 00:00:39,038
James: We're on it.
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00:00:43,544 --> 00:00:47,112
Narrator: Imagine if we
could empty the oceans...
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Letting the water drain away
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To reveal the secrets
of the sea floor.
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Now we can.
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00:00:57,742 --> 00:00:59,808
Using accurate data...
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And astonishing technology
to bring light once again
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To a lost world.
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How does this metal monster
create a naval revolution?
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Anna: It had to have
been terrifying.
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Imagine the horror.
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Narrator: What does a
mangled wreck reveal
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About a top-secret arms race?
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Michael: There are secrets
still left to be discovered.
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This was a legend.
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Narrator: And at terrifying
new weapon destroys one of the
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Most powerful
warships ever built.
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(explosion).
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(theme music plays).
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Narrator: For four bloody
years a nation tears itself
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Apart in search
of its destiny.
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Anna: It was truly
americans against americans.
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Narrator: Between 1861
and 1865, the union
and the confederacy
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Are locked in combat across
a 2,700 mile border.
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00:02:21,208 --> 00:02:25,210
But historians now understand
that battles on land...
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Tell only part of the story.
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Craig: The war at sea
dramatically affected the
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Trajectory of the war.
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Narrator: The naval conflict
takes place on rivers, lakes
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And all along the
american coast.
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Incredibly, over 2000
civil war wrecks survive.
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And one of the most
significant lies here
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In the waters of virginia.
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As the atlantic
ocean drains away,
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A broken battleship
begins to emerge.
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The result of a battle
that sends shockwaves
around the world.
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Maritime archaeologist
james delgado and historian
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Anna gibson holloway are
in hampton roads...
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Searching for a body.
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James: The fact that we
are right at the spot.
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Anna: It's an amazing scene.
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James: Yes, this
is a battlefield.
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Narrator: They're in a stretch
of water, that in March 1862
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Is the most
dangerous in america.
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To the west lies the
confederate capital, richmond.
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To the north, the union
capital, washington dc.
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James: It's a critical point
and so it is no surprise that
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This is going to be the
setting for the first great
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Naval encounter of the
american civil war.
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Narrator: The confederates
hold most of virginia.
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But on the north side of
hampton roads a lone union
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Fortress is home to a
squadron of warships.
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One of them is the
uss cumberland.
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Sleek, fast and
armed to the teeth.
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When launched, 20 years
earlier, she was the most
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Powerful ship in the us navy.
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But on the evening of March
8th astonishing reports
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Reach the union base.
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Eyewitnesses describe a
strange vessel bearing
down on the cumberland.
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In minutes...
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00:04:54,928 --> 00:04:56,578
(cannon fire).
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She disappears.
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So, what sank her, and how?
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Anna: They're going to be
going right um, down the
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00:05:12,379 --> 00:05:15,314
Elizabeth river into the
heart of hampton roads.
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James: So, they're
coming in right here
and this where they hit.
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Anna: It was such
a scramble...
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00:05:21,672 --> 00:05:23,505
Narrator: James and anna's
research is part of a
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Comprehensive survey of the
underwater landscape here.
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But it's not easy.
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James: This is very dark
water, you've got a river
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Coming down to meet
the sea, its silty.
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You really can't see your
hand in front of your face.
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Narrator: The team's multi
beam sonar fires sound waves
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To the sea floor...
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Mapping the shape and size
of anything on the sea bed
in perfect 3-d detail.
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00:06:02,046 --> 00:06:05,347
Data from the scans
begins to appear...
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A ghostly outline.
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Anna: Just amazing...
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So, what are we seeing here?
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James: Well we're right
over the wreck now.
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What we see are the timbers
and the more or less intact
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Hull of the cumberland.
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Anna: So, we're looking
at a war grave here.
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James: Oh, very much so.
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Narrator: To discover what
happened here, we can combine
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Data from the scans with
powerful graphical software
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And uncover one of the
first naval casualties
of the civil war.
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An incredible scene emerges.
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Corroded ironwork...
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Then the twisted remains
of a large wooden hull.
102
00:07:03,273 --> 00:07:07,509
Anna: You can still
see the outline, the
form of cumberland.
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James: Articulated wooden
timbers, the sides of the ship.
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You have this sense of this
ship sitting down there,
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Shrouded in mud.
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Narrator: It's a
haunting scene.
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But does it contain clues?
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There's cannon shot
half buried in the mud,
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Normal for a battle of this era.
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But this isn't normal at all.
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Debris spread over 350 feet.
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Something much more
destructive than cannonballs
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Hits the cumberland.
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Using contemporary
accounts and evidence
from the drained wreck,
115
00:08:03,450 --> 00:08:07,035
We can bring an extraordinary
moment back to life.
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As the cumberland lies
at anchor she is suddenly
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Challenged by a ship
unlike any other.
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A ship with no sails,
but driven by steam...
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A ship covered not
in wood, but metal.
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The first ever american
ironclad: The css virginia.
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The confederate ship
bristles with weaponry.
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Six heavy cannon and
four large rifled guns.
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It's no surprise that
witnesses imagined it;
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A horrid creature
of a nightmare.
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00:09:00,207 --> 00:09:02,374
(gunshots).
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00:09:02,476 --> 00:09:04,843
Craig: They manned the
guns and began firing.
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00:09:04,945 --> 00:09:07,846
Shots would bounce
off her side.
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00:09:08,899 --> 00:09:11,466
Anna: Imagine the horror.
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The virginia comes extremely
close to cumberland, so close
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In fact that the men on board
the cumberland recall that
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They could hear the
taunts and the laughter
inside the virginia.
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00:09:23,847 --> 00:09:25,981
(laughter).
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00:09:26,083 --> 00:09:28,433
Narrator: Near immune to
the cumberland's broadside,
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00:09:28,535 --> 00:09:32,070
Virginia drives straight
at her wooden enemy.
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00:09:32,539 --> 00:09:35,307
Deploying a tactic more
familiar to the roman empire
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00:09:35,409 --> 00:09:38,443
Than the 19th century.
137
00:09:38,912 --> 00:09:42,013
A huge metal ram.
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00:09:42,883 --> 00:09:46,001
Her sheer power and
momentum do the rest...
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00:09:49,506 --> 00:09:55,010
The impact is devastating and
sends 121 men to their deaths.
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Virginia immediately turns
her guns onto another union
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00:10:03,136 --> 00:10:06,938
Warship and smashes
it to pieces too.
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00:10:09,409 --> 00:10:12,243
Craig: It was the most decisive
defeat of the union navy
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00:10:12,346 --> 00:10:16,047
Until pearl harbor so
this was an absolute shock.
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00:10:21,171 --> 00:10:24,239
James: What happens here at
that moment is that that type
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00:10:24,341 --> 00:10:26,908
Of ship is rendered obsolete.
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00:10:27,010 --> 00:10:30,912
The age of the wooden wall is
over, all hail the age of iron.
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00:10:35,002 --> 00:10:37,302
Narrator: But the confederates
aren't the only ones working
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On a secret weapon.
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00:10:39,840 --> 00:10:42,674
The union navy has one too.
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00:10:47,848 --> 00:10:51,533
This, the uss monitor.
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00:10:53,603 --> 00:10:56,905
A different kind of ironclad.
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00:11:01,111 --> 00:11:04,846
The day after the
death of cumberland,
the two metal warships
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00:11:04,948 --> 00:11:09,634
Will meet in one of the
civil war's defining moments.
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As the waters off north
carolina begin to drain away,
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The wreck of one of
these iron monsters
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00:11:17,911 --> 00:11:20,812
Begins to emerge
from the depths.
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00:11:31,475 --> 00:11:33,742
Narrator: Cape hatteras.
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00:11:34,244 --> 00:11:38,113
Here off north carolina lies
a legend of the civil war,
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00:11:38,215 --> 00:11:41,132
The uss monitor.
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00:11:42,135 --> 00:11:45,103
The national oceanic and
atmospheric administration,
161
00:11:45,205 --> 00:11:48,406
Or noaa, leads an effort
here to discover the secrets
162
00:11:48,508 --> 00:11:51,342
Of this revolutionary warship.
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The story of the monitor
has long been clouded by
wartime propaganda.
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The team hopes the wreck
can provide the truth.
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00:12:12,649 --> 00:12:15,400
Underwater filming only shows
a fraction of what's spread
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00:12:15,502 --> 00:12:18,169
Across the sea floor.
167
00:12:21,208 --> 00:12:25,577
But using decades of carefully
gathered data, we can now
168
00:12:25,679 --> 00:12:29,280
Drain the atlantic ocean
away to uncover the last
169
00:12:29,382 --> 00:12:33,435
Resting place of america's
second ironclad.
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Emerging into view,
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All that remains of a
ground-breaking warship.
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Like a drowned alien being,
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The monitor lies upside down,
her hull in pieces,
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Clearly made of metal,
just like the css virginia
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00:13:02,282 --> 00:13:04,632
With a thick belt of armor.
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00:13:04,734 --> 00:13:07,869
James: The distinctive
form of the iron armor
belt is still there,
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00:13:07,971 --> 00:13:11,005
The tip of the bow
is sharply defined.
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Right there is the grave of
the iconic warship of the
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00:13:16,313 --> 00:13:18,713
American civil war.
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Narrator: The monitor's
greatest challenge comes in
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00:13:27,474 --> 00:13:32,610
Hampton roads, when she
confronts the css virginia,
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00:13:34,381 --> 00:13:38,399
Just a day after
the confederate ship
destroys the cumberland.
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00:13:41,872 --> 00:13:44,572
To find out how monitor
fought that day,
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00:13:44,674 --> 00:13:49,077
Maritime archaeologists
carefully bring key parts
of her to the surface.
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00:13:51,281 --> 00:13:54,315
Their most important target?
186
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The first gun turret
ever used in combat.
187
00:14:04,010 --> 00:14:07,178
James: The recovery of the
turret was an incredible
188
00:14:07,280 --> 00:14:11,566
Undertaking and in that,
what was discovered was
a time capsule.
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00:14:15,572 --> 00:14:19,774
Narrator: It is analyzed
at the baton conservation
laboratory, in virginia.
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00:14:19,876 --> 00:14:21,442
Will: That way.
191
00:14:21,545 --> 00:14:23,811
If you consider the story
of monitor like a puzzle.
192
00:14:23,914 --> 00:14:27,348
It's easy to get the outside
edges of the puzzle because
193
00:14:27,450 --> 00:14:30,935
You can use historical
record, but understanding
the exact story,
194
00:14:31,037 --> 00:14:34,572
That's where the
archaeology and
conservation comes in.
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00:14:36,643 --> 00:14:40,011
Narrator: They discover that
the turret is 21 feet across,
196
00:14:40,113 --> 00:14:44,299
9 feet high and wrapped
in 8 inches of armor.
197
00:14:45,669 --> 00:14:49,037
Thicker than on any other ship
afloat, including its rival,
198
00:14:49,139 --> 00:14:52,140
The css virginia.
199
00:14:53,443 --> 00:14:55,977
Researchers scan the
turret using lasers
200
00:14:56,079 --> 00:14:59,180
Looking for battle damage...
201
00:15:01,468 --> 00:15:06,771
And find evidence
of confederate fire,
202
00:15:06,873 --> 00:15:11,509
But also proof that monitor's
armor keeps it out.
203
00:15:15,081 --> 00:15:18,666
Inside the turret;
two gun mounts.
204
00:15:21,571 --> 00:15:24,505
Armed with these new findings
from the laboratory we can
205
00:15:24,608 --> 00:15:28,343
Return to the drained
landscape below the atlantic.
206
00:15:30,480 --> 00:15:34,115
And use computer graphics to
lift the wreck of the monitor
207
00:15:34,217 --> 00:15:37,135
From the sea bed...
208
00:15:37,237 --> 00:15:41,873
Turn her right side up
and replace her turret.
209
00:15:44,344 --> 00:15:47,712
Now this ingenious technology
can be seen operating as its
210
00:15:47,814 --> 00:15:50,615
Designers intended.
211
00:15:51,701 --> 00:15:53,768
The turret sits on a brass ring,
212
00:15:53,870 --> 00:15:57,071
Allowing it to
rotate 360 degrees.
213
00:15:58,174 --> 00:16:00,875
At a time when guns
are typically fixed...
214
00:16:01,044 --> 00:16:05,346
This instant maneuverability
gives the union sailors a
huge advantage.
215
00:16:07,617 --> 00:16:10,401
As does the second gun.
216
00:16:11,371 --> 00:16:13,004
When one fires...
217
00:16:13,106 --> 00:16:16,858
The other moves back inside
the turret to be reloaded.
218
00:16:18,511 --> 00:16:21,079
Will: So, they would just
switch between the guns.
219
00:16:22,082 --> 00:16:24,182
Narrator: So how does the
monitor compare with the
220
00:16:24,284 --> 00:16:27,035
All-conquering virginia?
221
00:16:30,907 --> 00:16:35,009
At first sight, the
favorite seems to be
the confederate ship.
222
00:16:36,413 --> 00:16:39,947
She's over 100 feet longer
than the monitor with 10 huge
223
00:16:40,050 --> 00:16:43,568
Guns compared to
the monitor's two...
224
00:16:43,903 --> 00:16:47,171
And four-inch thick steel
armor, although her fearsome
225
00:16:47,273 --> 00:16:50,675
Ram was lost when she
sank the cumberland.
226
00:16:52,812 --> 00:16:55,813
In contrast, the
monitor appears puny.
227
00:16:55,915 --> 00:16:59,934
But she's faster and has even
thicker armour on her turret.
228
00:17:03,139 --> 00:17:05,873
And, although she only
carries two guns,
229
00:17:05,975 --> 00:17:08,776
They are superbly maneuverable.
230
00:17:12,215 --> 00:17:15,266
March 9th, 1862.
231
00:17:15,735 --> 00:17:19,670
A day after sinking
the cumberland,
232
00:17:22,308 --> 00:17:25,710
The virginia still threatens
the union fleet.
233
00:17:27,347 --> 00:17:30,882
So, the monitor is
unleashed to challenge her.
234
00:17:35,071 --> 00:17:38,506
In command is
lieutenant john worden.
235
00:17:40,176 --> 00:17:43,044
Anna: There was fear.
236
00:17:43,146 --> 00:17:47,782
The men on the monitor
recall an overwhelming
feeling of silence.
237
00:17:51,037 --> 00:17:52,970
Will: It's like the astronauts
going into space, it's the
238
00:17:53,073 --> 00:17:55,506
First time they did it, so
sure there's fear but at the
239
00:17:55,608 --> 00:17:58,209
Same time, you're
on the cutting edge.
240
00:17:58,311 --> 00:18:00,178
Captain: Fire.
241
00:18:03,083 --> 00:18:06,801
Narrator: John worden's
turret guns follow his
enemy's every move...
242
00:18:06,903 --> 00:18:10,905
(gunshots).
243
00:18:11,007 --> 00:18:13,641
Firing shot after shot.
244
00:18:16,045 --> 00:18:19,347
But virginia's
armor does its job.
245
00:18:21,084 --> 00:18:24,802
Monitor's shots
bounce into the water.
246
00:18:25,805 --> 00:18:29,373
For four hours, the
ironclads duke it out...
247
00:18:29,476 --> 00:18:32,944
Each failing to land
a decisive blow.
248
00:18:33,046 --> 00:18:36,047
Until a lucky shot from
virginia manages to injure
249
00:18:36,132 --> 00:18:38,166
The monitor's commander.
250
00:18:38,268 --> 00:18:41,335
Anna: The pilot house
is struck by one of
the virginia's guns.
251
00:18:43,106 --> 00:18:44,472
Sailor: Sir!
252
00:18:44,574 --> 00:18:47,508
Anna: Immediately john worden
is temporarily blinded.
253
00:18:48,511 --> 00:18:51,512
There is sudden chaos on board
monitor because he falls back
254
00:18:51,614 --> 00:18:54,148
And says I am blind I'm blind.
255
00:18:56,769 --> 00:19:00,171
Narrator: Monitor withdraws
for a damage report.
256
00:19:00,473 --> 00:19:04,275
When she returns, she finds
the battlefield empty.
257
00:19:05,345 --> 00:19:08,679
Virginia, also damaged,
has returned to her base.
258
00:19:10,116 --> 00:19:15,469
Anna: Neither could figure out
how to kill the other vessel.
259
00:19:16,606 --> 00:19:19,407
It was likely a draw.
260
00:19:20,376 --> 00:19:22,877
Narrator: But by stopping
virginia's killing spree,
261
00:19:22,979 --> 00:19:25,913
Monitor becomes the most
celebrated warship in the
262
00:19:26,015 --> 00:19:28,266
Northern states.
263
00:19:29,836 --> 00:19:33,471
James: It is the ship
that has saved the union.
264
00:19:34,207 --> 00:19:35,973
It becomes an icon.
265
00:19:36,075 --> 00:19:38,809
It is a symbol of
national pride.
266
00:19:41,548 --> 00:19:43,981
Narrator: The battle of the
two metal monsters fascinates
267
00:19:44,083 --> 00:19:47,835
The world but they
never fight again.
268
00:19:48,738 --> 00:19:52,773
Two months later,
union troops close in
on virginia's home-port.
269
00:19:53,743 --> 00:19:56,711
To keep her out of enemy
hands, her own crew
270
00:19:56,813 --> 00:19:59,347
Sends her to the bottom.
271
00:20:03,603 --> 00:20:06,737
The fate of the
monitor is more tragic.
272
00:20:07,740 --> 00:20:10,357
Nine months after
fighting virginia,
273
00:20:10,443 --> 00:20:12,710
She's off cape hatteras,
north carolina,
274
00:20:12,812 --> 00:20:15,680
Under tow by
another union ship.
275
00:20:17,483 --> 00:20:20,034
It's a notoriously rough
patch of sea known as
276
00:20:20,136 --> 00:20:23,304
'the graveyard of the atlantic'.
277
00:20:24,774 --> 00:20:27,675
Out of nowhere, a storm hits.
278
00:20:28,244 --> 00:20:31,112
Anna: Monitor sailed
right into this maelstrom.
279
00:20:32,882 --> 00:20:35,700
Narrator: The waves badly
damage her structure.
280
00:20:35,802 --> 00:20:38,769
Water rushes into the hull.
281
00:20:39,772 --> 00:20:43,441
The sheer weight of monitor's
armor does the rest.
282
00:20:47,013 --> 00:20:49,180
Will: It is kind of ironic
that there's a potential that
283
00:20:49,282 --> 00:20:52,400
What was meant to keep the
monitor crew safe could have
284
00:20:52,502 --> 00:20:55,469
Been its ultimate undoing.
285
00:20:58,308 --> 00:21:02,310
Anna: The distress signal was
a red signal lantern, and it
286
00:21:02,412 --> 00:21:06,047
Would appear and disappear
and then appear again and
287
00:21:06,149 --> 00:21:10,334
Disappear and this, this went
on for a while until finally
288
00:21:10,436 --> 00:21:14,372
It appeared and
was seen no more.
289
00:21:17,844 --> 00:21:20,578
Narrator: Despite frantic
rescue attempts, the monitor
290
00:21:20,680 --> 00:21:23,881
Takes 16 men down with her.
291
00:21:26,302 --> 00:21:30,504
Nearly a century and a half
later, navy divers recover the
292
00:21:30,606 --> 00:21:34,675
Remains of two sailors
from inside the turret.
293
00:21:37,447 --> 00:21:42,366
They are buried with
full military honors at
arlington national cemetery.
294
00:21:43,770 --> 00:21:48,072
James: For a brief moment, the
entire country stood united,
295
00:21:48,174 --> 00:21:52,443
Long after the passions of that
war, to honor these two men,
296
00:21:52,545 --> 00:21:56,280
Who had come back to us
from the depths and from
297
00:21:56,382 --> 00:21:58,799
The turret of the monitor.
298
00:22:01,304 --> 00:22:04,071
Narrator: The epic battle of
the ironclads points the way
299
00:22:04,173 --> 00:22:06,474
To the future.
300
00:22:06,576 --> 00:22:11,178
The union navy builds
64 new monitor-class ships
301
00:22:11,280 --> 00:22:16,300
During the next two years
and on the confederate side,
302
00:22:16,402 --> 00:22:19,070
The idea of metal warships
303
00:22:19,172 --> 00:22:22,673
Is taken a decisive and
deadly step further.
304
00:22:24,277 --> 00:22:27,712
As the waters of charleston
harbor begin to empty, the
305
00:22:27,814 --> 00:22:31,832
Shattered remains of
another lost union
warship come into view.
306
00:22:33,302 --> 00:22:37,271
The result of a terrifying
new confederate weapon.
307
00:22:47,383 --> 00:22:51,268
Narrator: Maritime
archaeologist michael
scafuri is investigating
308
00:22:51,371 --> 00:22:54,372
One of the civil war's
greatest mysteries
309
00:22:54,474 --> 00:22:57,608
Outside charleston
harbor, south carolina.
310
00:22:58,778 --> 00:23:00,561
Michael: People were
fascinated by the story and
311
00:23:00,646 --> 00:23:03,214
Wanted to find out more.
312
00:23:03,950 --> 00:23:05,900
To really understand what
happened we needed to
313
00:23:06,002 --> 00:23:08,936
Investigate from an
archaeological point of view.
314
00:23:10,339 --> 00:23:13,941
There are secrets still
left to be discovered.
315
00:23:15,011 --> 00:23:19,880
Narrator: In February
1864, charleston is a
confederate stronghold.
316
00:23:22,068 --> 00:23:23,934
Craig: South carolina was
perceived as the heart and
317
00:23:24,036 --> 00:23:26,670
Soul of the rebellion and
charleston itself was the
318
00:23:26,773 --> 00:23:29,039
Black heart of that rebellion.
319
00:23:29,158 --> 00:23:32,009
Narrator: It's being blockaded
by a squadron of 20 union
320
00:23:32,111 --> 00:23:34,945
Warships, including
six ironclads...
321
00:23:36,048 --> 00:23:39,667
Part of a plan to squeeze
the south economically.
322
00:23:42,472 --> 00:23:46,540
One of them is the
uss housatonic.
323
00:23:47,844 --> 00:23:51,011
Made of wood but powered
by steam, she is one of the
324
00:23:51,114 --> 00:23:54,615
Union's most
heavily armed ships.
325
00:23:57,370 --> 00:24:02,506
On February 17th, at
8:40 pm, the bay is calm.
326
00:24:04,744 --> 00:24:07,244
Suddenly there is
a huge explosion...
327
00:24:07,346 --> 00:24:09,346
(explosion).
328
00:24:11,567 --> 00:24:14,802
The housatonic is gone.
329
00:24:14,904 --> 00:24:18,472
The only clue: Eyewitness
reports of a dark shape
330
00:24:18,574 --> 00:24:21,208
Moving in the water.
331
00:24:25,481 --> 00:24:29,166
Michael scafuri knows where
the housatonic lies,
332
00:24:29,268 --> 00:24:33,237
Now he wants to understand
what happened to it.
333
00:24:34,941 --> 00:24:38,826
But in these turbulent seas,
visibility is nearly zero and
334
00:24:38,911 --> 00:24:42,346
Underwater photography
very difficu.
335
00:24:44,116 --> 00:24:47,268
So powerful sonar
probes the seabed.
336
00:24:49,505 --> 00:24:52,439
Using this and other data,
it's possible to see what no
337
00:24:52,542 --> 00:24:56,043
Diver ever could and
drain away the atlantic
338
00:24:56,145 --> 00:24:59,580
To uncover an iconic wreck.
339
00:25:03,436 --> 00:25:07,471
First, two iron
water tanks emerge...
340
00:25:08,941 --> 00:25:12,843
Next broken timbers,
half-hidden in the sediment
341
00:25:13,346 --> 00:25:19,166
But then, blowing away the silt
uncovers the seabed of 1864.
342
00:25:24,140 --> 00:25:26,840
And here she is...
343
00:25:26,943 --> 00:25:30,611
The remains of the
uss housatonic.
344
00:25:32,481 --> 00:25:36,901
Whatever fate she
suffered has been erased
by the ravages of time.
345
00:25:38,170 --> 00:25:42,106
Even fully revealed there
are almost no clues.
346
00:25:43,843 --> 00:25:47,978
But what if we could
return to the moment
just before she sinks?
347
00:25:50,516 --> 00:25:56,370
By combining historical
salvage records, and
survey data we can.
348
00:26:00,076 --> 00:26:04,378
Rebuilding the housatonic
exactly as she was.
349
00:26:06,082 --> 00:26:10,401
A towering fighting warship
in perfect condition...
350
00:26:13,239 --> 00:26:16,941
Except for this!
351
00:26:19,645 --> 00:26:24,882
A hole in the hull deep
below the water line.
352
00:26:28,504 --> 00:26:32,873
This is still the age of the
cannon ball and they usually
353
00:26:32,975 --> 00:26:37,177
Shatter masts and punch
holes above the waterline.
354
00:26:38,080 --> 00:26:41,582
So, what caused
this fatal wound?
355
00:26:43,102 --> 00:26:45,703
For over a century,
archaeologists scour
356
00:26:45,805 --> 00:26:48,872
The area around the wreck site.
357
00:26:52,745 --> 00:26:57,481
And eventually, about 1,000
feet from the wreck...
358
00:26:58,467 --> 00:27:01,368
They find this.
359
00:27:08,277 --> 00:27:12,880
The team recovers the
remains and when they get
them ashore they realize.
360
00:27:18,437 --> 00:27:20,504
They've found the
confederate's first
361
00:27:20,606 --> 00:27:22,773
Operational submarine...
362
00:27:22,875 --> 00:27:25,976
The hl hunley.
363
00:27:27,580 --> 00:27:31,348
And it is what took
the housatonic down.
364
00:27:37,807 --> 00:27:41,008
In the warren lasch conservation
center in charleston,
365
00:27:41,110 --> 00:27:44,812
Michael scafuri and his
team pour over every inch.
366
00:27:45,748 --> 00:27:47,815
Michael: The techniques you
use to investigate a site,
367
00:27:47,917 --> 00:27:51,001
Are very much like a crime
scene investigation.
368
00:27:51,103 --> 00:27:55,572
You record everything and then
you try and use that evidence
369
00:27:55,675 --> 00:27:58,308
To figure out what
happened here.
370
00:28:07,103 --> 00:28:10,738
It was a product of the
american civil war and spurred
371
00:28:10,840 --> 00:28:14,007
On by the needs of that war
to develop new technologies.
372
00:28:16,879 --> 00:28:20,481
Narrator: First question,
how did it move?
373
00:28:22,001 --> 00:28:25,736
The archaeologists find
no sign of an engine.
374
00:28:26,939 --> 00:28:30,874
But they do find this...
375
00:28:31,944 --> 00:28:34,912
Johanna: This is a wrought
iron crank and that's how they
376
00:28:35,014 --> 00:28:36,580
Moved the submarine.
377
00:28:36,682 --> 00:28:38,465
They hand-crank it.
378
00:28:38,567 --> 00:28:42,069
The hand crank moved a
flywheel, the flywheel moved a
379
00:28:42,171 --> 00:28:46,106
Series of mechanisms, and
then that moves the propeller.
380
00:28:48,577 --> 00:28:52,846
Narrator: Next, how did the
crew breathe underwater?
381
00:28:54,283 --> 00:28:57,768
There's no evidence of any
way to refresh the air...
382
00:28:57,870 --> 00:29:02,406
Which means that eight men
crammed into this metal tube
383
00:29:02,508 --> 00:29:06,677
Must rely solely on
the air already inside.
384
00:29:09,215 --> 00:29:13,534
The team calculates that
there's enough oxygen
for just two hours.
385
00:29:13,936 --> 00:29:17,604
Severely limiting their
range of operations.
386
00:29:19,041 --> 00:29:22,342
Finally, the most
important question of all?
387
00:29:22,445 --> 00:29:26,680
Just how did this hand-cranked
short-range submarine manage
388
00:29:26,782 --> 00:29:30,601
To ambush and destroy
such a powerful enemy?
389
00:29:41,080 --> 00:29:43,580
Narrator: The confederacy's
ground-breaking submarine,
390
00:29:43,682 --> 00:29:46,033
The hl hunley.
391
00:29:47,803 --> 00:29:50,471
Inside, there's no sign
of a weapons system.
392
00:29:52,408 --> 00:29:55,309
But outside, it's
a different story.
393
00:29:57,980 --> 00:30:00,247
Johanna: We have clues all
over the submarine that tell
394
00:30:00,349 --> 00:30:02,633
Us what happened.
395
00:30:03,969 --> 00:30:06,403
This is the spar, it was
attached to the bow of the
396
00:30:06,505 --> 00:30:09,072
Submarine, the lower
part of the submarine.
397
00:30:09,875 --> 00:30:13,243
Narrator: The 16-feet long
spar presents a puzzle.
398
00:30:16,215 --> 00:30:19,633
Michael scafuri thinks it
isn't a weapon itself...
399
00:30:19,735 --> 00:30:24,671
But the delivery mechanism
for a weapon and that weapon
400
00:30:24,773 --> 00:30:27,875
Is an underwater bomb.
401
00:30:30,412 --> 00:30:35,499
In the civil war, they call
such weapons by a very
modern name, torpedo.
402
00:30:37,002 --> 00:30:39,169
James: In the 21st centu
we think of a torpedo as
403
00:30:39,271 --> 00:30:41,972
Something that fires out of
the submarine, when originally
404
00:30:42,074 --> 00:30:45,576
Invented in the early 19th
century the torpedo was an
405
00:30:45,678 --> 00:30:48,312
Underwater explosive charge.
406
00:30:49,381 --> 00:30:51,748
Narrator: If this is how the
hunley attacked, then she
407
00:30:51,851 --> 00:30:55,302
Would need to get within
touching distance of her prey.
408
00:30:55,571 --> 00:30:57,838
But how exactly?
409
00:31:00,910 --> 00:31:04,011
For years, historians
believe the rebel submariners
410
00:31:04,113 --> 00:31:07,147
Physically attach the bomb,
with a barbed spike then
411
00:31:07,249 --> 00:31:10,434
Detonate it from
a safe distance.
412
00:31:11,170 --> 00:31:14,271
But other evidence found near
the wreck site suggests that
413
00:31:14,373 --> 00:31:17,407
This isn't what happened.
414
00:31:18,744 --> 00:31:21,745
A copper sleeve, which looks
like it was created to hold
415
00:31:21,847 --> 00:31:25,015
The explosive in place.
416
00:31:26,435 --> 00:31:29,236
Michael: The copper sleeve was
peeled back from the force of
417
00:31:29,338 --> 00:31:33,073
The explosion, clearly showing
us that the torpedo was in
418
00:31:33,175 --> 00:31:36,777
Fact on the end of the
spar when it went off.
419
00:31:43,335 --> 00:31:45,168
Narrator: Based on the
evidence from the drained
420
00:31:45,271 --> 00:31:48,639
Wreck and work in the
laboratory it's now possible
421
00:31:48,741 --> 00:31:51,942
To piece together
what likely happened.
422
00:31:57,716 --> 00:32:00,334
The confederates are desperate
to smash the union's naval
423
00:32:00,502 --> 00:32:02,903
Blockade of charleston.
424
00:32:03,672 --> 00:32:05,839
Craig: The confederacy,
because they knew they were
425
00:32:05,941 --> 00:32:08,609
Inferior in the conventional
weapons of war, had to turn to
426
00:32:08,711 --> 00:32:11,278
New, creative devices.
427
00:32:12,481 --> 00:32:18,669
James: You try to out-smart
the enemy, you try to
out-innovate the enemy.
428
00:32:26,912 --> 00:32:29,646
Narrator: The housatonic
lies at anchor.
429
00:32:33,202 --> 00:32:36,970
Suddenly, the crew
spot a ghostly shape.
430
00:32:39,908 --> 00:32:42,309
Michael: They weren't entirely
sure what it was at first.
431
00:32:42,411 --> 00:32:45,912
It looked like a log on the
water, maybe a porpoise.
432
00:32:47,249 --> 00:32:49,700
Narrator: In fact the
hand-cranked submarine
433
00:32:49,802 --> 00:32:52,636
Is headed straight for
the union warship.
434
00:32:53,172 --> 00:32:55,339
Michael: Something like this
had never been seen by the
435
00:32:55,441 --> 00:32:58,575
Crew before they would
have been terrified.
436
00:32:59,178 --> 00:33:01,578
Narrator: Historians don't
know if the hunley's crew tries
437
00:33:01,680 --> 00:33:04,815
To attach their
bomb and escape...
438
00:33:04,917 --> 00:33:09,269
But they do know that
with the hunley just
16 feet from its prey.
439
00:33:10,105 --> 00:33:12,873
(explosion).
440
00:33:14,309 --> 00:33:18,478
The torpedo does its fatal
work and the housatonic
441
00:33:18,580 --> 00:33:21,682
Sinks in minutes.
442
00:33:22,668 --> 00:33:26,670
A new age of naval
warfare has begun.
443
00:33:26,772 --> 00:33:29,573
James: Hunley proves to be
the first submarine ever to
444
00:33:29,675 --> 00:33:33,210
Sink an enemy
warship in combat.
445
00:33:34,646 --> 00:33:37,647
Narrator: But there's
a final mystery here.
446
00:33:37,750 --> 00:33:40,567
The hunley never
returns to its base.
447
00:33:40,669 --> 00:33:44,137
No-one has ever been sure why.
448
00:33:46,375 --> 00:33:49,025
Michael: With the discovery of
the h l hunley a great mystery
449
00:33:49,111 --> 00:33:50,911
Had been solved.
450
00:33:51,013 --> 00:33:54,381
However, the real work begins
with discovery, we could then
451
00:33:54,483 --> 00:33:58,468
Begin to investigate from an
archaeological point of view.
452
00:33:59,838 --> 00:34:02,506
Narrator: The most
obvious explanation...
453
00:34:04,109 --> 00:34:07,644
The hunley is destroyed
by her own bomb.
454
00:34:09,214 --> 00:34:11,181
(explosion).
455
00:34:13,035 --> 00:34:16,169
Ken nahshon is a
us navy engineer;
456
00:34:16,271 --> 00:34:19,806
His job is to test
underwater explosives.
457
00:34:20,275 --> 00:34:22,342
Ken: It's been a historical
mystery for well over
458
00:34:22,444 --> 00:34:25,278
100 years and really
people have always wondered
459
00:34:25,380 --> 00:34:27,214
What happened to it.
460
00:34:27,316 --> 00:34:30,400
Narrator: How big is the blast
and what damage could it have
461
00:34:30,502 --> 00:34:32,836
Done to the hunley?
462
00:34:32,938 --> 00:34:37,541
Ken: We constructed a full-scale
replica of hunley's torpedo,
463
00:34:37,643 --> 00:34:41,545
Filled the torpedo with
black powder that matches
464
00:34:41,647 --> 00:34:45,465
The black powder used
at the time and then
set off the explosion.
465
00:34:47,436 --> 00:34:51,037
(explosion).
466
00:34:54,510 --> 00:34:58,044
Narrator: Packed with
135 pounds of gunpowder...
467
00:34:58,147 --> 00:35:03,467
The torpedo is seriously
powerful, but the
results are unexpected.
468
00:35:06,789 --> 00:35:08,939
Ken: Once the explosion
goes off, it generates a
469
00:35:09,041 --> 00:35:11,975
High-pressure wave
emanating from the explosion,
470
00:35:12,077 --> 00:35:13,977
As well as a bubble.
471
00:35:14,079 --> 00:35:16,513
That bubble expands and
contracts what would happen
472
00:35:16,615 --> 00:35:19,166
Is a high velocity jet would
occur, where basically the
473
00:35:19,268 --> 00:35:22,936
Bottom of the bubble comes in
on itself and forms this high
474
00:35:23,038 --> 00:35:25,505
Velocity water column that
would have punched a hole
475
00:35:25,607 --> 00:35:28,341
Right through housatonic,
while leaving hunley
476
00:35:28,443 --> 00:35:31,044
Completely unaffected.
477
00:35:31,146 --> 00:35:33,547
Ken: The most surprising
conclusion we had was the
478
00:35:33,649 --> 00:35:36,666
Submarine heaved
quite substantially...
479
00:35:37,436 --> 00:35:41,571
However, it was not substantial
enough to cause injury.
480
00:35:41,673 --> 00:35:43,874
Narrator: And there
is other evidence that
481
00:35:43,976 --> 00:35:46,943
Hunley survives the explosion...
482
00:35:48,347 --> 00:35:51,781
The bodies of all eight
crewmen found by archaeologists
483
00:35:51,884 --> 00:35:57,037
Inside the wreck in an excellent
state of preservation.
484
00:35:58,640 --> 00:36:01,241
Before they are removed for
burial, they are scanned,
485
00:36:01,343 --> 00:36:04,377
Photographed and analyzed.
486
00:36:06,281 --> 00:36:09,866
Michael: We have their
remains and we didn't find
any injury to the crew.
487
00:36:10,202 --> 00:36:13,837
Narrator: So, if the explosion
didn't kill them, what did?
488
00:36:15,741 --> 00:36:19,543
Could the pressure wave
have cracked the hull
causing flooding?
489
00:36:20,179 --> 00:36:22,512
The evidence suggests not.
490
00:36:22,614 --> 00:36:24,047
Michael: There was no
sign of panic on board.
491
00:36:24,149 --> 00:36:25,482
No-one is out of position,
492
00:36:25,567 --> 00:36:27,334
Nobody tried to climb
over their neighbor
493
00:36:27,436 --> 00:36:30,503
And you would expect that
in a drowning scenario.
494
00:36:31,240 --> 00:36:32,973
Narrator: Michael scafuri
believes that there could
495
00:36:33,075 --> 00:36:36,009
Be anotherxplanation.
496
00:36:36,678 --> 00:36:38,478
Michael: There's a strong case
to be made for them simply
497
00:36:38,580 --> 00:36:41,064
Staying on the bottom too
long, miscalculated how much
498
00:36:41,149 --> 00:36:44,467
Air they had and uh
simply went to sleep,
499
00:36:44,570 --> 00:36:47,070
Not to wake up again.
500
00:36:48,140 --> 00:36:51,174
Narrator: Today, the
investigation continues.
501
00:36:52,578 --> 00:36:55,512
Johanna: How they were able
to hand crank a submarine
502
00:36:55,614 --> 00:36:59,299
Four miles attack a big ship.
503
00:36:59,401 --> 00:37:01,735
The fact that they thought
they could do it and they
504
00:37:01,837 --> 00:37:04,971
Did it, that's, that's a
most remarkable thing.
505
00:37:08,277 --> 00:37:10,977
Narrator: In charleston's
magnolia cemetery,
506
00:37:11,079 --> 00:37:14,514
A poignant memorial to
a pioneering crew.
507
00:37:16,702 --> 00:37:18,535
Michael: The fate of the
hunley crew was a mystery
508
00:37:18,637 --> 00:37:22,021
For 136 years, so it was
appropriate for them to
509
00:37:22,107 --> 00:37:24,441
Eventually be given
a proper burial after
510
00:37:24,543 --> 00:37:28,678
136 years of being lost at sea.
511
00:37:29,982 --> 00:37:32,565
This is an archaeologic
project but this is also the
512
00:37:32,634 --> 00:37:35,635
Story of a number of people...
513
00:37:36,004 --> 00:37:38,238
8 crew in hunley and five
on housatonic who lost their
514
00:37:38,340 --> 00:37:42,208
Lives and it's important that
we get their stories straight.
515
00:37:46,565 --> 00:37:49,933
Narrator: The world's
first successful
fighting submarine...
516
00:37:50,636 --> 00:37:52,435
(explosion).
517
00:37:52,537 --> 00:37:56,172
Is at the forefront of
a civil war arms race.
518
00:37:58,977 --> 00:38:03,246
Draining the oceans
around mobile, alabama,
519
00:38:04,449 --> 00:38:07,434
Reveals astonishing evidence
520
00:38:08,503 --> 00:38:11,338
That the race isn't over yet.
521
00:38:24,736 --> 00:38:27,871
Narrator: By 1864, two years
after the game-changing
522
00:38:27,973 --> 00:38:30,440
Development of the monitor...
523
00:38:31,243 --> 00:38:34,711
This is the face
of naval warfare.
524
00:38:34,813 --> 00:38:38,014
The uss tecumseh.
525
00:38:38,283 --> 00:38:41,534
A bigger, better ironclad.
526
00:38:42,337 --> 00:38:45,405
Designed to be
impregnable to enemy fire,
527
00:38:45,507 --> 00:38:48,408
It's 50 feet longer
than the monitor,
528
00:38:48,510 --> 00:38:52,946
Has thicker armor and
two massive 15-inch guns.
529
00:38:56,635 --> 00:39:01,304
Tecumseh is one of 4 ironclads
in a fleet of 18 union warships.
530
00:39:04,209 --> 00:39:07,777
Their target is
mobile bay, alabama.
531
00:39:07,879 --> 00:39:10,914
One of the last confederate
ports in the south.
532
00:39:13,769 --> 00:39:17,303
If the union can capture it,
the war could be over soon.
533
00:39:20,809 --> 00:39:23,643
As the fleet enters the
bay, there's an explosion...
534
00:39:24,212 --> 00:39:26,212
(explosion).
535
00:39:26,314 --> 00:39:29,766
And the mighty
tecumseh is hit.
536
00:39:30,769 --> 00:39:34,270
Almost all her crew are lost.
537
00:39:36,308 --> 00:39:40,310
The only union ironclad
ever sunk in battle.
538
00:39:47,035 --> 00:39:51,071
Maritime archaeologist james
delgado is in mobile bay,
539
00:39:51,173 --> 00:39:55,308
Studying the wreck of
tecumseh and trying to
work out what sank her.
540
00:39:56,778 --> 00:39:59,112
James: There are still amazing
secretbeneath the waters of
541
00:39:59,214 --> 00:40:01,548
Mobile bay that most
people don't see...
542
00:40:02,467 --> 00:40:05,168
Sunken vessels
lost in the battle.
543
00:40:06,605 --> 00:40:10,140
Narrator: The team prepares
to use side scan sonar and a
544
00:40:10,242 --> 00:40:13,977
Magnetometer to
probe the seafloor.
545
00:40:15,080 --> 00:40:17,113
Anna: Ready?
546
00:40:21,002 --> 00:40:23,536
James: Okay, so we're
in, what altitude are
we flying the head at?
547
00:40:23,638 --> 00:40:25,705
Crew: We're about 15
feet off the bottom.
548
00:40:25,807 --> 00:40:28,241
James: Okay and speed's
running at about?
549
00:40:28,343 --> 00:40:30,610
Crew: At about 4 knots.
James: Yeah, good.
550
00:40:30,712 --> 00:40:32,645
Crew: Returns looking smooth.
551
00:40:32,747 --> 00:40:35,248
James: Whoa, whoa, whoa okay,
what are we coming up on here?
552
00:40:35,350 --> 00:40:37,801
Crew: Does that
look like something?
553
00:40:37,903 --> 00:40:41,171
There we go, I think we
might have a shipwreck.
554
00:40:41,606 --> 00:40:43,740
James: We're on it.
555
00:40:43,842 --> 00:40:47,377
Narrator: The scanner
detects a large iron object.
556
00:40:47,479 --> 00:40:49,612
It's in the right place.
557
00:40:49,681 --> 00:40:52,415
James is convinced
it's tecumseh!
558
00:40:55,704 --> 00:40:58,805
James: But there's a lot of
mud here, looks like given
559
00:40:58,907 --> 00:41:02,509
Stuff coming on it, I
think this thing's buried.
560
00:41:03,545 --> 00:41:06,028
Narrator: The mud
and silt of 130 years
561
00:41:06,114 --> 00:41:08,248
Obscures much of the wreck.
562
00:41:08,350 --> 00:41:12,302
Only emptying mobile bay
of water can reveal
563
00:41:12,404 --> 00:41:15,038
What's really down there.
564
00:41:15,140 --> 00:41:18,975
And using the expedition data
we can do just that to try and
565
00:41:19,077 --> 00:41:23,880
Solve one of the final
mysteries of the
american civil war.
566
00:41:26,835 --> 00:41:29,235
As the water drains away...
567
00:41:29,337 --> 00:41:32,572
A tantalizing sight emerges...
568
00:41:32,674 --> 00:41:36,109
A section of an iron hull
buried in the seabed...
569
00:41:36,978 --> 00:41:38,878
And based on the survey data,
570
00:41:38,980 --> 00:41:41,548
We can drain away
the mud as well.
571
00:41:46,137 --> 00:41:47,637
Underneath...
572
00:41:47,739 --> 00:41:49,672
An incredible sight.
573
00:41:49,774 --> 00:41:54,210
A massive iron monster,
223 feet long
574
00:41:55,280 --> 00:41:57,747
Lying upside down.
575
00:41:57,849 --> 00:42:01,367
Its spine slowly corroding away.
576
00:42:02,304 --> 00:42:05,371
Once one of the world's
most powerful vessels,
577
00:42:05,473 --> 00:42:08,308
The pride of the union fleet...
578
00:42:08,410 --> 00:42:11,911
Now seen in the clear light
of day for the first time
579
00:42:12,013 --> 00:42:15,348
In over 150 years.
580
00:42:17,802 --> 00:42:21,437
A closer look reveals a clue.
581
00:42:23,141 --> 00:42:26,342
Under the waterline, a
large dent in the hull,
582
00:42:26,444 --> 00:42:29,879
8 feet long and 5 feet wide
583
00:42:32,851 --> 00:42:35,435
And more evidence...
584
00:42:36,638 --> 00:42:41,140
Metal seams split apart,
broken with explosive force.
585
00:42:44,296 --> 00:42:48,381
So, could it be the victim of
another confederate submarine?
586
00:42:52,871 --> 00:42:56,606
Union spies reported rebel
subs under construction,
587
00:42:56,708 --> 00:43:00,577
But there are no records of
them being active here.
588
00:43:02,047 --> 00:43:05,248
What else might
have caused it?
589
00:43:05,684 --> 00:43:08,067
Lying all across the bay...
590
00:43:08,169 --> 00:43:11,671
Piles of junk,
hundreds of yards long.
591
00:43:11,773 --> 00:43:17,310
Shipwrecks, bricks,
and wood pilings.
592
00:43:19,514 --> 00:43:22,515
James: If you were to drain
mobile bay you would see still
593
00:43:22,584 --> 00:43:26,102
To this day, a number of
obstructions, that were placed
594
00:43:26,204 --> 00:43:29,939
There by the confederates
to keep the union navy out.
595
00:43:31,443 --> 00:43:33,943
Narrator: None of these
could cause the severe damage
596
00:43:34,045 --> 00:43:36,779
Discovered on the tecumseh.
597
00:43:36,881 --> 00:43:40,300
But that's not all that the
confederates place here.
598
00:43:42,137 --> 00:43:44,570
They also deploy these...
599
00:43:44,673 --> 00:43:48,141
A terrifying new weapon;
known today as a sea-mine,
600
00:43:48,877 --> 00:43:52,478
But back then, also
called a torpedo.
601
00:43:53,815 --> 00:43:58,050
A torpedo unlike the
one carried by the
hunley submarine.
602
00:43:58,136 --> 00:44:02,372
Instead held just under the
surface by a weight and chain:
603
00:44:02,474 --> 00:44:04,741
Primed to detonate on contact.
604
00:44:04,843 --> 00:44:07,644
(click and explosion).
605
00:44:08,046 --> 00:44:10,747
This underwater killer is
one of the confederate's
606
00:44:10,849 --> 00:44:13,299
Most successful
maritime weapons,
607
00:44:13,401 --> 00:44:17,470
Sinking or damaging
43 union ships.
608
00:44:18,373 --> 00:44:22,909
And in mobile bay, there
are up to 180 torpedoes...
609
00:44:23,178 --> 00:44:26,879
Laid row after row, in a
dense, checkerboard pattern.
610
00:44:30,101 --> 00:44:34,637
James: By August of 1864
the confederates had built,
611
00:44:34,739 --> 00:44:38,775
Not only an obstacle course but
a gauntlet, through which the
612
00:44:38,877 --> 00:44:42,845
Union navy was going to have
to fight its way through.
613
00:44:43,648 --> 00:44:46,099
Narrator: With information
from the drained landscape,
614
00:44:46,201 --> 00:44:48,201
And the latest
historical research,
615
00:44:48,303 --> 00:44:51,237
It's clear what happens here.
616
00:44:57,545 --> 00:45:00,480
Commanding the union fleet
is admiral david farragut
617
00:45:00,648 --> 00:45:03,549
On the steam and
sail-powered uss hartford.
618
00:45:05,036 --> 00:45:08,171
Farragut knows he faces
underwater torpedoes,
619
00:45:08,273 --> 00:45:11,074
But he doesn't know
where they are.
620
00:45:12,410 --> 00:45:15,144
He sends in the
ironclads first...
621
00:45:15,246 --> 00:45:18,781
Carefully, in single file.
622
00:45:18,883 --> 00:45:22,668
Leading the line,
the tecumseh.
623
00:45:26,141 --> 00:45:30,109
She fires the first shot
at the rebel-held fort.
624
00:45:31,079 --> 00:45:34,313
Then, as the fleet
enters the bay...
625
00:45:35,150 --> 00:45:37,734
(explosion).
626
00:45:37,836 --> 00:45:40,069
Craig: Gigantic explosion,
the bow wheeled up,
627
00:45:40,171 --> 00:45:42,038
Then down into the bay,
628
00:45:42,140 --> 00:45:45,374
The ship plunged downward,
it's stern rising in the air,
629
00:45:45,477 --> 00:45:47,910
The bronze propeller
still spinning.
630
00:45:49,314 --> 00:45:51,714
Anna: Within the space
of about 30 seconds,
631
00:45:51,816 --> 00:45:54,867
The tecumseh went
bow down and sank.
632
00:46:00,775 --> 00:46:04,844
James: It's a shocking moment,
but for farragut history is
633
00:46:04,963 --> 00:46:07,480
Made when he reportedly says,
634
00:46:07,582 --> 00:46:11,033
"damn the torpedoes
full speed ahead",
635
00:46:11,402 --> 00:46:14,871
The order was
given to keep going.
636
00:46:15,106 --> 00:46:20,376
Anna: They report hearing the
fuses of torpedoes clicking as
637
00:46:20,478 --> 00:46:24,013
They're moving through
but none of them go off.
638
00:46:24,616 --> 00:46:30,203
Narrator: The union fleet
breaks through and despite
losing the tecumseh,
639
00:46:30,305 --> 00:46:33,739
Farragut's boldness is rewarded.
640
00:46:35,076 --> 00:46:38,110
Mobile bay falls.
641
00:46:40,114 --> 00:46:43,733
For the rebels, it's the
beginning of the end.
642
00:46:45,336 --> 00:46:48,538
Craig: The size of the
confederacy was quite
literally shrinking.
643
00:46:50,375 --> 00:46:54,844
Narrator: Nine months later,
peace returns to america.
644
00:46:58,616 --> 00:47:01,968
Draining the secrets of the
american civil war reveals the
645
00:47:02,070 --> 00:47:05,404
Courage of those on both
sides, who risked everything
646
00:47:05,507 --> 00:47:08,007
For their cause.
647
00:47:08,643 --> 00:47:11,944
And a technological
revolution that transforms
648
00:47:12,046 --> 00:47:14,280
The navies of the world.
649
00:47:18,770 --> 00:47:19,969
Captioned by cotter
captioning services.