1
00:00:07,298 --> 00:00:11,553
<i>[woman 1] </i>There is definitely
{\an8}a look that is very on trend

2
00:00:11,636 --> 00:00:15,140
{\an8}<i>and you see it anytime you open</i>
<i>SnapChat or Instagram.</i>

3
00:00:15,223 --> 00:00:17,642
<i>-[woman 2] </i>The Coca-Cola body.
<i>-[man 1] </i>Shaped like a guitar.

4
00:00:17,726 --> 00:00:20,603
<i>[woman 3] </i>I think a lot of people
think the Instagram body is hourglass.

5
00:00:20,687 --> 00:00:23,857
<i>And I think it's actually</i>
<i>more of the spoon shape.</i>

6
00:00:24,399 --> 00:00:28,611
<i>[narrator] </i>And that body is often paired
with a certain kind of face.

7
00:00:28,695 --> 00:00:31,364
<i>[man 2] </i>Big lips, the fox eyes.

8
00:00:31,448 --> 00:00:32,991
<i>[woman 1] </i>A slim little nose.

9
00:00:33,074 --> 00:00:36,786
<i>[woman 4] </i>I guess like Kylie Jenner
and like that kind of group.

10
00:00:37,287 --> 00:00:41,708
<i>[woman 5] </i>I definitely think
the Instagram look is not real.

11
00:00:41,791 --> 00:00:44,335
<i>[narrator] </i>It depends
what you mean by real.

12
00:00:44,419 --> 00:00:48,923
<i>It's true, some of those faces</i>
<i>may have been altered with preset filters</i>

13
00:00:49,007 --> 00:00:51,509
{\an8}<i>or using apps like Facetune,</i>

14
00:00:51,593 --> 00:00:54,179
{\an8}<i>where you can make</i>
<i>minute tweaks to your photo,</i>

15
00:00:54,262 --> 00:00:58,516
{\an8}<i>resizing, smoothing,</i>
<i>shifting the very structure of your face.</i>

16
00:00:58,600 --> 00:01:05,148
<i>There are all of these slight tweaks</i>
<i>that we've been able to see on ourselves.</i>

17
00:01:05,231 --> 00:01:09,027
<i>And more and more people</i>
<i>with the access to pursue them</i>

18
00:01:09,110 --> 00:01:12,572
<i>are starting to adopt that face</i>
<i>for themselves in real life</i>.

19
00:01:13,073 --> 00:01:15,116
<i>[narrator] </i>The number 
of cosmetic procedures

20
00:01:15,200 --> 00:01:17,368
<i>has nearly doubled in the last decade.</i>

21
00:01:17,869 --> 00:01:21,581
<i>They've gotten safer,</i>
<i>cheaper, and more sophisticated.</i>

22
00:01:21,664 --> 00:01:26,336
<i>And the patients receiving them</i>
<i>have gotten younger and more diverse.</i>

23
00:01:26,419 --> 00:01:28,421
<i>It feels like we're moving toward a future</i>

24
00:01:28,505 --> 00:01:31,800
<i>where our appearances</i>
<i>are fundamentally changeable.</i>

25
00:01:32,467 --> 00:01:34,511
{\an8}<i>So, is that a bad thing?</i>

26
00:01:35,053 --> 00:01:39,390
{\an8}<i>And, is plastic surgery</i>
<i>changing the way we see ourselves?</i>

27
00:01:40,100 --> 00:01:43,686
<i>You will be an entirely different man</i>
<i>by the time the healing is complete.</i>

28
00:01:45,230 --> 00:01:48,316
<i>[man] </i>A fountain of youth at the end
of a relatively painless syringe.

29
00:01:49,442 --> 00:01:53,154
<i>[woman] </i>But there's no guarantee
it will all end in smiles.

30
00:01:54,364 --> 00:01:56,908
<i>I think they need to expect</i>
<i>a little bit of pain.</i>

31
00:01:56,991 --> 00:02:01,287
<i>Well, it's a matter of looking</i>
<i>the best you can for as long as you can.</i>

32
00:02:01,371 --> 00:02:04,457
<i>It makes no difference what I'm feeling.</i>
<i>My face never changes!</i>

33
00:02:04,541 --> 00:02:06,376
<i>[laughter]</i>

34
00:02:15,802 --> 00:02:19,055
<i>[Cattrall] </i>The things we do to look good
exist on a spectrum.

35
00:02:19,639 --> 00:02:22,517
<i>On one end,</i>
<i>you have things like taking a shower,</i>

36
00:02:22,600 --> 00:02:24,644
<i>wearing makeup, dyeing your hair.</i>

37
00:02:24,727 --> 00:02:26,771
<i>That's long been considered good.</i>

38
00:02:26,855 --> 00:02:28,940
<i>Enhancing your natural beauty.</i>

39
00:02:29,566 --> 00:02:32,026
<i>As soon as you start looking</i>
<i>at the language of beauty,</i>

40
00:02:32,110 --> 00:02:33,570
<i>beauty talk is moral talk.</i>

41
00:02:33,653 --> 00:02:35,780
<i>It's just got morality all over it.</i>

42
00:02:35,864 --> 00:02:38,449
<i>So, "You deserve it. You're worth it."</i>

43
00:02:38,533 --> 00:02:41,286
<i>"Don't let yourself go.</i>
<i>You shouldn't have let yourself go."</i>

44
00:02:41,369 --> 00:02:45,290
<i>Anytime you get shame,</i>
<i>blame, praise, reward,</i>

45
00:02:45,373 --> 00:02:48,334
<i>then you've got a moral claim going on.</i>

46
00:02:49,043 --> 00:02:51,045
<i>[Cattrall] </i>Then,
on the other end of the spectrum,

47
00:02:51,129 --> 00:02:54,674
<i>things are riskier,</i>
<i>more painful, more permanent.</i>

48
00:02:55,425 --> 00:02:58,178
<i>And people make moral judgments</i>
<i>about that too.</i>

49
00:02:58,887 --> 00:03:04,225
<i>Take </i>The Swan,<i> a 2004 reality show</i>
<i>that whipped America</i> <i>into a frenzy.</i>

50
00:03:04,809 --> 00:03:08,146
<i>The show knew it was pushing boundaries,</i>
<i>calling itself…</i>

51
00:03:08,229 --> 00:03:11,816
<i>The most unusual competition ever devised.</i>

52
00:03:11,900 --> 00:03:13,484
<i>[Cattrall] </i>A team of surgeons,

53
00:03:13,568 --> 00:03:18,198
<i>plus a cosmetic dentist,</i>
<i>therapist, trainer, and life coach,</i>

54
00:03:18,281 --> 00:03:22,869
<i>crafted self-described</i>
<i>ugly ducklings into swans,</i>

55
00:03:22,952 --> 00:03:26,873
<i>and then pitted them against each other</i>
<i>in a final beauty pageant.</i>

56
00:03:26,956 --> 00:03:29,125
<i>Viewers loved it.</i>

57
00:03:29,209 --> 00:03:31,336
<i>Millions tuned in every week.</i>

58
00:03:31,836 --> 00:03:36,174
<i>But reviewers,</i>
<i>they reacted with near-universal horror.</i>

59
00:03:36,674 --> 00:03:40,929
<i>They called it ghastly</i>,
<i>ridiculous, hurtful, and repellent.</i>

60
00:03:41,596 --> 00:03:44,349
<i>It even made it onto CNN Primetime.</i>

61
00:03:44,432 --> 00:03:47,852
<i>You don't make them ugly.</i>
<i>And you don't even make them mediocre.</i>

62
00:03:47,936 --> 00:03:52,690
<i>I mean, you dress 'em up,</i>
<i>and, you know, you give them breasts.</i>

63
00:03:52,774 --> 00:03:56,986
<i>Unfortunately, some people</i>
<i>reacted negatively to the show.</i>

64
00:03:57,487 --> 00:04:00,531
<i>[Cattrall] </i>Cindy was
a contestant on Season 1.

65
00:04:00,615 --> 00:04:02,242
<i>[Ingle] I'll start from the top.</i>

66
00:04:02,325 --> 00:04:05,245
<i>So I had an eyebrow lift.</i>

67
00:04:05,328 --> 00:04:10,625
<i>I had cheek implants.</i>
<i>I had some fat removed under my eyes.</i>

68
00:04:10,708 --> 00:04:16,297
<i>I had buccal fat removal,</i>
<i>chin reduction, and a mini face-lift.</i>

69
00:04:16,381 --> 00:04:19,592
<i>Breast augmentation.</i>
<i>Then I had a tummy tuck.</i>

70
00:04:19,676 --> 00:04:23,179
<i>And light liposuction on my inner thighs.</i>

71
00:04:24,138 --> 00:04:28,017
<i>I started giving plastic surgery</i>
<i>more thought</i>

72
00:04:28,101 --> 00:04:29,560
<i>after my second child.</i>

73
00:04:30,228 --> 00:04:34,691
<i>My body had went through</i>
<i>such a physical change</i>.

74
00:04:34,774 --> 00:04:39,195
<i>After I finished nursing my son,</i>
<i>my breasts were just really misshapen.</i>

75
00:04:39,988 --> 00:04:43,658
<i>No matter how much exercise</i>
<i>or crunches, sit-ups I would do,</i>

76
00:04:43,741 --> 00:04:46,494
<i>I was not losing my baby belly.</i>

77
00:04:46,577 --> 00:04:48,621
<i>[Cattrall] </i>But they were a young family

78
00:04:48,705 --> 00:04:51,499
<i>and couldn't spare the money</i>
<i>for cosmetic surgery.</i>

79
00:04:51,582 --> 00:04:57,255
<i>So when </i>The Swan <i>had</i>
<i>a casting call commercial on the radio,</i>

80
00:04:57,338 --> 00:05:01,092
<i>at that point,</i>
<i>I knew that I needed to at least try.</i>

81
00:05:01,175 --> 00:05:05,221
<i>-</i>[Cattrall] <i>And she has no regrets.</i>
-I'm very happy with the results.

82
00:05:05,305 --> 00:05:07,807
<i>That freaked me out.</i>
<i>I had a teeny, tiny waist.</i>

83
00:05:07,890 --> 00:05:09,767
<i>I'd never really had a waist before.</i>

84
00:05:09,851 --> 00:05:12,562
<i>Love my nose. Love my nose.</i>

85
00:05:12,645 --> 00:05:16,065
<i>I was really happy that day.</i>
<i>It's kind of cool.</i>

86
00:05:16,983 --> 00:05:18,609
<i>[Cattrall] </i>After that season came out,

87
00:05:18,693 --> 00:05:21,821
<i>half a million women</i>
<i>applied to be on the next one.</i>

88
00:05:22,447 --> 00:05:25,616
<i>More people than live</i>
<i>in the entire country of Iceland</i>

89
00:05:25,700 --> 00:05:28,786
<i>were willing to go on television</i>
<i>to get plastic surgery.</i>

90
00:05:30,038 --> 00:05:34,584
<i>In the early 2000s,</i>
<i>our idea of extreme was changing.</i>

91
00:05:35,668 --> 00:05:39,380
<i>But this whole spectrum</i>
<i>had actually been shifting gradually</i>

92
00:05:39,464 --> 00:05:41,174
<i>for almost a hundred years.</i>

93
00:05:41,716 --> 00:05:42,759
<i>[loud gunfire]</i>

94
00:05:43,718 --> 00:05:47,847
<i>World War I was like</i>
<i>nothing humanity had ever seen before.</i>

95
00:05:47,930 --> 00:05:53,936
<i>Modern weaponry, tanks, machine guns,</i>
<i>poison gas killed millions,</i>

96
00:05:54,020 --> 00:05:55,563
<i>reduced cities to rubble,</i>

97
00:05:56,439 --> 00:05:59,734
<i>and left in their wake</i>
<i>a generation of injured soldiers,</i>

98
00:06:00,276 --> 00:06:04,697
<i>many of them with faces disfigured</i>
<i>by shrapnel and bullets.</i>

99
00:06:09,494 --> 00:06:12,538
<i>Surgeons had never seen</i>
<i>injuries like these before.</i>

100
00:06:12,622 --> 00:06:15,500
<i>So to fix them, they had to get creative.</i>

101
00:06:16,084 --> 00:06:19,045
<i>Crafting noses</i>
<i>out of cartilage borrowed from ribs,</i>

102
00:06:19,128 --> 00:06:21,881
{\an8}<i>reforming shattered jaws</i>
<i>with bits of leg bone,</i>

103
00:06:21,964 --> 00:06:25,927
<i>and filling in hollowed cheeks</i>
<i>with patients' own fat and tissue</i>{\an8}.

104
00:06:26,552 --> 00:06:29,806
<i>Surgeons spent years</i>
<i>working on the same patients,</i>

105
00:06:29,889 --> 00:06:32,767
<i>striving to make them</i>
<i>look like themselves again.</i>

106
00:06:33,768 --> 00:06:35,937
<i>And if they couldn't do that</i>
<i>with flesh alone,</i>

107
00:06:36,020 --> 00:06:40,066
<i>they hired actual artists</i>
<i>to craft prosthetic masks.</i>

108
00:06:40,733 --> 00:06:42,985
<i>Their work wasn't just about function.</i>

109
00:06:43,653 --> 00:06:44,737
<i>It was about form.</i>

110
00:06:46,406 --> 00:06:48,699
<i>One of those World War I surgeons</i>

111
00:06:48,783 --> 00:06:52,453
<i>is now sometimes known</i>
<i>as the father of aesthetic surgery.</i>

112
00:06:52,954 --> 00:06:54,288
<i>As Joseph wrote,</i>

113
00:06:54,372 --> 00:06:57,291
<i>"Someone who simply wants</i>
<i>a normal appearance,</i>

114
00:06:57,375 --> 00:06:59,168
<i>wishes to be inconspicuous,</i>

115
00:06:59,252 --> 00:07:02,130
<i>should not suffer the odium of vanity."</i>

116
00:07:02,213 --> 00:07:04,173
<i>He didn't just treat the wounded.</i>

117
00:07:04,882 --> 00:07:08,010
{\an8}<i>Joseph was Jewish,</i>
<i>and so were many of his patients,</i>

118
00:07:08,094 --> 00:07:11,472
{\an8}<i>who wanted him to erase</i>
<i>the markers of their ethnicity,</i>

119
00:07:12,223 --> 00:07:14,225
{\an8}<i>allowing them to be inconspicuous</i>

120
00:07:14,308 --> 00:07:16,936
{\an8}<i>in a society that was hostile</i>
<i>towards them.</i>

121
00:07:17,854 --> 00:07:20,940
{\an8}<i>He helped put plastic surgery</i>
<i>on the spectrum</i>

122
00:07:21,023 --> 00:07:23,901
<i>as something you could do</i>
<i>for aesthetics alone.</i>

123
00:07:26,487 --> 00:07:27,947
<i>In the mid '20s,</i>

124
00:07:28,030 --> 00:07:30,908
<i>half of America was going</i>
<i>to the movies every week</i>

125
00:07:30,992 --> 00:07:33,870
<i>and lots of budding stars</i>
<i>were having their faces shuffled</i>

126
00:07:33,953 --> 00:07:35,580
<i>and reassembled for the screen,</i>

127
00:07:36,164 --> 00:07:39,292
<i>because those faces</i>
<i>were their stock-in-trade.</i>

128
00:07:39,876 --> 00:07:43,838
<i>Comedian Fanny Brice</i>
<i>famously got a new nose,</i>

129
00:07:43,921 --> 00:07:47,675
<i>and heartthrob Rudolph Valentino</i>
<i>had his ears reshaped.</i>

130
00:07:48,384 --> 00:07:51,095
<i>In 1924, a newspaper even launched </i>

131
00:07:51,179 --> 00:07:54,307
<i>what may have been</i>
<i>the first plastic surgery contest.</i>

132
00:07:54,390 --> 00:07:57,935
<i>A search for the homeliest girl</i>
<i>in New York,</i>

133
00:07:58,019 --> 00:08:00,563
<i>so they could turn her misfortune</i>

134
00:08:00,646 --> 00:08:02,064
<i>into a fortune.</i>

135
00:08:02,982 --> 00:08:06,903
{\an8}<i>A woman named Jacqueline Naagel won,</i>
<i>and it worked.</i>

136
00:08:06,986 --> 00:08:09,697
{\an8}<i>She scored a movie contract</i>
<i>and moved to California.</i>

137
00:08:10,781 --> 00:08:12,658
<i>And in the decades since</i>,

138
00:08:12,742 --> 00:08:18,122
<i>plastic surgery has only gotten cheaper,</i>
<i>safer, and more accessible.</i>

139
00:08:18,789 --> 00:08:22,418
<i>There are more providers.</i>
<i>There are more types of providers.</i>

140
00:08:22,502 --> 00:08:23,669
<i>Different price points.</i>

141
00:08:23,753 --> 00:08:27,590
<i>It's become like other services,</i>
<i>so you can find it across a range.</i>

142
00:08:27,673 --> 00:08:30,927
<i>What is the difference</i>
<i>between routine and extreme?</i>

143
00:08:31,010 --> 00:08:32,929
<i>Is it about the time taken?</i>

144
00:08:33,012 --> 00:08:38,184
<i>Is it about whether you can do it at home</i>
<i>or it requires an expert to do it for you?</i>

145
00:08:38,267 --> 00:08:40,645
<i>Is it about how risky and painful it is?</i>

146
00:08:40,728 --> 00:08:44,524
<i>Usually, all we mean is what we would</i>
<i>do ourselves, or would like to do.</i>

147
00:08:45,316 --> 00:08:47,485
<i>[Cattrall] </i>{\an8}Is a push-up bra extreme?

148
00:08:47,568 --> 00:08:50,279
<i>How about braces or laser hair removal?</i>

149
00:08:50,363 --> 00:08:54,700
<i>Cutting off a mole?</i>
<i>Freezing off your fat? Fillers? Botox?</i>

150
00:08:54,784 --> 00:08:57,286
<i>[Widdows] It wasn't very long ago</i>
<i>when Botox was viewed</i>

151
00:08:57,370 --> 00:08:59,789
<i>as this crazy thing</i>
<i>that mad celebrities were doing,</i>

152
00:08:59,872 --> 00:09:02,291
<i>injecting poison into their faces.</i>

153
00:09:03,084 --> 00:09:04,919
<i>Oh, it's changed tremendously.</i>

154
00:09:05,002 --> 00:09:06,837
<i>I think, before my time,</i>

155
00:09:06,921 --> 00:09:09,507
<i>as a plastic surgeon,</i>
<i>there was a lot of stigma.</i>

156
00:09:09,590 --> 00:09:13,177
<i>But in general, now what I see</i>
<i>is there's less guilt feeling,</i>

157
00:09:13,261 --> 00:09:14,595
<i>there's less secrecy.</i>

158
00:09:15,930 --> 00:09:18,099
<i>[woman] Prior to having children,</i>
<i>I had a shape.</i>

159
00:09:18,182 --> 00:09:20,142
<i>In my twenties, I had a nice shape.</i>

160
00:09:20,226 --> 00:09:21,060
<i>When I…</i>

161
00:09:21,143 --> 00:09:22,895
<i>I did show the doctor my wish pic,</i>

162
00:09:22,979 --> 00:09:25,147
<i>but it was me younger.</i>

163
00:09:25,690 --> 00:09:27,567
<i>I started to notice changes.</i>

164
00:09:27,650 --> 00:09:32,154
<i>My eyes started to look a little bit</i>
<i>more heavy, a little bit more tired,</i>

165
00:09:32,238 --> 00:09:34,865
<i>and I didn't feel that way,</i>
<i>I didn't feel tired.</i>

166
00:09:34,949 --> 00:09:38,619
<i>I felt great, but I looked tired,</i>
<i>and it bothered me.</i>

167
00:09:38,703 --> 00:09:41,205
<i>I had gynecomastia as a child.</i>

168
00:09:41,706 --> 00:09:43,291
<i>Uh, and then, when I got older,</i>

169
00:09:43,374 --> 00:09:45,710
<i>I sort of just had a double mastectomy,</i>

170
00:09:45,793 --> 00:09:49,755
<i>which is removal of breast tissue</i>
<i>and fat tissue.</i>

171
00:09:49,839 --> 00:09:54,010
<i>I believe that if you look good,</i>

172
00:09:54,093 --> 00:09:56,178
<i>everything is gonna come</i>
<i>smoother in your life.</i>

173
00:09:56,262 --> 00:09:59,348
<i>I just always noticed women</i>
<i>who would walk by,</i>

174
00:09:59,432 --> 00:10:02,518
<i>and I was always like,</i>
<i>"That woman's so beautiful."</i>

175
00:10:03,102 --> 00:10:05,062
<i>It was always large-breasted women.</i>

176
00:10:05,896 --> 00:10:08,649
<i>[Cattrall]</i>
Everyone's spectrum is different.

177
00:10:08,733 --> 00:10:12,028
<i>It depends on who you are</i>
<i>and the culture you come from.</i>

178
00:10:13,029 --> 00:10:15,906
<i>[Widdows] There are places</i>
<i>where cosmetic surgery is just routine</i>,

179
00:10:15,990 --> 00:10:17,158
<i>a rite of passage.</i>

180
00:10:17,241 --> 00:10:21,370
<i>[Cattrall] </i>Like South Korea,
where one in three women in their twenties

181
00:10:21,454 --> 00:10:22,663
<i>have gotten work done.</i>

182
00:10:23,247 --> 00:10:24,540
<i>And there's a special name</i>

183
00:10:24,624 --> 00:10:28,502
<i>for surgeries undertaken</i>
<i>just to improve your job prospects</i>.

184
00:10:29,045 --> 00:10:30,755
<i>Or in Brazil.</i>

185
00:10:30,838 --> 00:10:32,965
<i>[Widdows] There's a narrative</i>
<i>about the right to beauty</i>

186
00:10:33,049 --> 00:10:37,678
<i>and there's a whole thing about</i>
<i>how the mistress, no more than the maid,</i>

187
00:10:37,762 --> 00:10:38,846
<i>should have that right.</i>

188
00:10:38,929 --> 00:10:42,933
<i>[Cattrall] </i>And, in part,
that's thanks to this man, Ivo Pitanguy,

189
00:10:43,017 --> 00:10:46,354
<i>a world-renowned surgeon</i>
<i>to the rich and famous.</i>

190
00:10:46,437 --> 00:10:48,481
<i>A lucrative business.</i>

191
00:10:48,564 --> 00:10:50,941
<i>He bought his own private island.</i>

192
00:10:51,025 --> 00:10:54,695
<i>But he also operated</i>
<i>on the destitute for free,</i>

193
00:10:55,529 --> 00:10:59,492
<i>earning him the nickname</i>
<i>"The pope of plastic surgery,"</i>

194
00:10:59,575 --> 00:11:02,036
<i>and the status of a national hero.</i>

195
00:11:02,662 --> 00:11:05,873
<i>Here he is at Carnival in 1999,</i>

196
00:11:05,956 --> 00:11:08,376
<i>surrounded by a sea of dancers</i>

197
00:11:08,459 --> 00:11:12,046
<i>atop his very own elaborate float.</i>

198
00:11:12,838 --> 00:11:14,382
<i>Pitanguy was a pioneer.</i>

199
00:11:14,465 --> 00:11:19,261
<i>He developed techniques for tummy tucks</i>
<i>that hid scarring below the bikini line,</i>

200
00:11:19,345 --> 00:11:22,515
<i>championed less invasive mini face-lifts,</i>

201
00:11:22,598 --> 00:11:25,434
<i>and developed the Brazilian butt lift.</i>

202
00:11:26,519 --> 00:11:31,691
<i>The BBL is a procedure where fat is sucked</i>
<i>from elsewhere in your body,</i>

203
00:11:31,774 --> 00:11:33,609
<i>usually the thigh or belly,</i>

204
00:11:33,693 --> 00:11:36,362
<i>and injected into your butt.</i>

205
00:11:36,987 --> 00:11:40,574
<i>Back in the '80s,</i>
Playboy Brazil <i>published a cover story</i>

206
00:11:40,658 --> 00:11:43,577
<i>that called butts a national passion.</i>

207
00:11:44,161 --> 00:11:45,454
<i>And decades before that,</i>

208
00:11:45,538 --> 00:11:50,751
<i>Brazil's contestant in the 1954</i>
<i>Miss Universe Pageant, Martha Rocha,</i>

209
00:11:50,835 --> 00:11:54,171
<i>had more curves</i>
<i>than the average woman on that stage.</i>

210
00:11:54,255 --> 00:11:56,090
<i>[announcer 1]</i>
Miss Brazil is a stunning stepper

211
00:11:56,173 --> 00:11:58,592
<i>as the contest narrows down</i>
<i>to the finalists.</i>

212
00:11:58,676 --> 00:11:59,802
<i>[Cattrall] </i>She lost.

213
00:11:59,885 --> 00:12:01,470
<i>[announcer 2] </i>And it's Miss USA.

214
00:12:01,554 --> 00:12:04,432
<i>[Cattrall] </i>Because the judges said
her hips were too big.

215
00:12:05,391 --> 00:12:08,060
<i>I remember when white women</i>
<i>were scared to have fat asses.</i>

216
00:12:08,144 --> 00:12:11,021
<i>Like I remember</i>
<i>that being part of history.</i>

217
00:12:11,105 --> 00:12:13,566
<i>Of Sir Mix-A-Lot's infamous song.</i>

218
00:12:13,649 --> 00:12:16,277
<i>♪ I like big butts and I cannot lie</i> ♪

219
00:12:16,360 --> 00:12:19,155
<i>The skit at the beginning,</i>
<i>it captures that perfectly.</i>

220
00:12:19,238 --> 00:12:22,783
<i>Oh, my God. Becky, look at her butt.</i>

221
00:12:22,867 --> 00:12:27,246
<i>And what really helped to mainstream that</i>
<i>was Kim Kardashian.</i>

222
00:12:28,622 --> 00:12:32,835
<i>And the rest of her sisters,</i>
<i>one by one, kind of slowly following suit.</i>

223
00:12:33,544 --> 00:12:37,882
<i>[Cattrall] </i>And the BBL became
the fastest-growing procedure by far<i>.</i>

224
00:12:38,466 --> 00:12:41,886
{\an8}<i>Brazil's passion for big butts</i>
<i>has gone global.</i>

225
00:12:41,969 --> 00:12:44,889
<i>But if you read </i>{\an8}Playboy <i>for the articles,</i>

226
00:12:44,972 --> 00:12:47,183
<i>you'd have found a much darker story.</i>

227
00:12:47,683 --> 00:12:50,811
<i>A sociologist claimed</i>
<i>the curvy beauty ideal</i>

228
00:12:50,895 --> 00:12:53,647
<i>could be traced back</i>
<i>to enslaved African women</i>

229
00:12:53,731 --> 00:12:56,984
<i>who bore the children</i>
<i>of their white slave owners,</i>

230
00:12:57,067 --> 00:13:03,407
<i>resulting in eugenic aesthetic experiments</i>
<i>that avoided Africanoid exaggerations.</i>

231
00:13:03,908 --> 00:13:05,075
<i>In other words,</i>

232
00:13:05,159 --> 00:13:06,452
<i>a Black woman's butt</i>

233
00:13:06,952 --> 00:13:09,872
<i>on a body that otherwise looked white.</i>

234
00:13:09,955 --> 00:13:14,335
<i>The obsession with big butts</i>
<i>is definitely appropriative,</i>

235
00:13:14,418 --> 00:13:21,300
<i>and it makes it so that now Black women</i>
<i>who do not have that body type</i>

236
00:13:21,383 --> 00:13:24,345
<i>are somehow seen as, like, less Black,</i>

237
00:13:24,428 --> 00:13:27,264
<i>or less attractive as Black women.</i>

238
00:13:28,307 --> 00:13:29,141
<i>Wish me luck.</i>

239
00:13:29,225 --> 00:13:32,436
<i>I would see my boyfriend</i>
<i>scrolling through social media sometimes</i>

240
00:13:32,520 --> 00:13:37,024
<i>and the type of girls</i>
<i>that he would like their pictures,</i>

241
00:13:37,107 --> 00:13:41,403
<i>it didn't reflect what I looked like</i>
<i>or what my body type looked like.</i>

242
00:13:41,487 --> 00:13:45,407
<i>And I just felt like,</i>
<i>"Here's a lane for me to get it done.</i>

243
00:13:45,491 --> 00:13:47,993
<i>Why not fix something that I don't like?"</i>

244
00:13:48,577 --> 00:13:50,538
<i>I just finished my surgery, guys.</i>

245
00:13:51,121 --> 00:13:53,541
<i>[nurse] A little pain, sure. Without pain…</i>

246
00:13:53,624 --> 00:13:55,000
<i>You know, what is beauty?</i>

247
00:13:55,084 --> 00:13:57,086
<i>What is beauty without pain?</i>

248
00:13:57,920 --> 00:14:00,631
<i>[Cattrall] </i>And then there's
{\an8}the Instagram face,

249
00:14:00,714 --> 00:14:05,135
{\an8}<i>which is basically a mash-up of features</i>
<i>borrowed from different ethnicities.</i>

250
00:14:05,219 --> 00:14:09,056
{\an8}<i>Those slanted fox eyes</i>
<i>and big, pillowy lips</i>

251
00:14:09,139 --> 00:14:12,560
<i>have been mocked</i>
<i>in racist caricatures for centuries,</i>

252
00:14:12,643 --> 00:14:14,645
<i>and people now pay for them,</i>

253
00:14:14,728 --> 00:14:18,440
<i>getting their temples pulled back</i>
<i>with little dissolvable threads,</i>

254
00:14:18,524 --> 00:14:22,361
<i>and their lips plumped</i>
<i>with a few syringes of filler.</i>

255
00:14:23,112 --> 00:14:25,948
<i>With more people being able to pursue</i>

256
00:14:26,448 --> 00:14:30,661
<i>this body type that has been</i>
<i>heavily influenced by tech</i>

257
00:14:30,744 --> 00:14:33,080
<i>and by social media and by entertainment,</i>

258
00:14:33,163 --> 00:14:37,877
<i>the expectation</i>
<i>on what you should look like,</i>

259
00:14:37,960 --> 00:14:42,172
<i>because we now know what you can look like</i>
<i>based on the possibilities,</i>

260
00:14:42,256 --> 00:14:44,174
<i>is getting smaller and smaller.</i>

261
00:14:44,258 --> 00:14:46,677
<i>That window is getting more narrow.</i>

262
00:14:47,303 --> 00:14:51,473
<i>What is normal is becoming narrower</i>
<i>and is converging.</i>

263
00:14:51,557 --> 00:14:53,934
<i>And that's new.</i>
<i>We've never had that before</i>.

264
00:14:54,018 --> 00:14:56,103
<i>So, for instance, body hair.</i>

265
00:14:56,186 --> 00:15:00,441
<i>If you go back a little bit in the West,</i>
<i>you find it's much more of a social norm.</i>

266
00:15:01,108 --> 00:15:04,194
<i>[Cattrall] </i>Some people removed
their body hair. Some didn't.

267
00:15:04,778 --> 00:15:07,948
<i>Iconic beauty Sophia Loren</i>
<i>often chose not to.</i>

268
00:15:08,824 --> 00:15:12,202
<i>But then hairlessness became the standard.</i>

269
00:15:12,286 --> 00:15:16,123
<i>We've normalized a hairless body,</i>
<i>and we've done that globally.</i>

270
00:15:16,206 --> 00:15:19,877
<i>We forget it's beautification,</i>
<i>it's artifice.</i>

271
00:15:20,836 --> 00:15:22,796
<i>[Cattrall] </i>It's a feedback loop.

272
00:15:22,880 --> 00:15:25,925
<i>We make choices</i>
<i>to bend to the beauty ideal</i>

273
00:15:26,008 --> 00:15:27,676
<i>and that helps reinforce it,</i>

274
00:15:27,760 --> 00:15:31,805
<i>moving the target of perfection</i>
<i>even further out of reach.</i>

275
00:15:32,640 --> 00:15:37,686
<i>[Kat] Growing up, I was kind of obsessed</i>
<i>with the Victoria's Secret Angels.</i>

276
00:15:37,770 --> 00:15:39,939
<i>Like, "Wow, look at these women."</i>

277
00:15:40,022 --> 00:15:43,651
<i>It was like, "Va-va-voom,"</i>
<i>and I just wanted to look like that.</i>

278
00:15:45,152 --> 00:15:50,157
<i>So I do struggle with wondering,</i>
<i>if Victoria's Secret never existed,</i>

279
00:15:50,240 --> 00:15:52,743
<i>if I had never seen those runway shows,</i>

280
00:15:52,826 --> 00:15:54,995
<i>would I still have been boob obsessed?</i>

281
00:15:55,079 --> 00:15:57,081
<i>Would I have wanted a breast augmentation?</i>

282
00:15:57,790 --> 00:16:01,710
<i>[Cattrall] </i>Our beauty ideal
is now shaped by plastic surgery,

283
00:16:01,794 --> 00:16:05,255
<i>which means</i>
<i>it's harder to achieve without it.</i>

284
00:16:06,048 --> 00:16:09,259
<i>Things that were once extreme</i>
<i>have become routine.</i>

285
00:16:09,343 --> 00:16:11,011
<i>And at some point,</i>

286
00:16:11,095 --> 00:16:15,224
<i>things that are routine</i>
<i>can start to feel required.</i>

287
00:16:15,307 --> 00:16:18,644
<i>But it's like anything else.</i>
<i>If everybody dyes their hair</i>

288
00:16:18,727 --> 00:16:23,023
<i>and you just have white hair</i>
<i>at a certain age, are you an outlier?</i>

289
00:16:23,107 --> 00:16:24,233
<i>Yes.</i>

290
00:16:24,316 --> 00:16:26,527
<i>[Cattrall] </i>And pretty much
everyone would say

291
00:16:26,610 --> 00:16:29,279
<i>dyeing your hair</i>
<i>is less extreme than surgery.</i>

292
00:16:29,780 --> 00:16:32,116
<i>Especially something like the BBL.</i>

293
00:16:32,825 --> 00:16:35,911
<i>There's a risk</i>
<i>of injecting fat in the wrong place,</i>

294
00:16:35,995 --> 00:16:39,081
<i>releasing it into your bloodstream,</i>
<i>where it can stick together,</i>

295
00:16:39,164 --> 00:16:42,042
<i>blocking arteries in your brain or lungs,</i>

296
00:16:42,126 --> 00:16:45,337
<i>leading to infection, stroke, or death.</i>

297
00:16:46,380 --> 00:16:48,424
<i>There's something strange going on there,</i>

298
00:16:48,507 --> 00:16:53,178
<i>as we take practices</i>
<i>that are deeply harmful and risky</i>

299
00:16:53,262 --> 00:16:56,015
<i>and yet see them as benefiting ourselves.</i>

300
00:16:56,098 --> 00:17:00,227
<i>It is constraining,</i>
<i>but it does also provide some joy.</i>

301
00:17:01,937 --> 00:17:05,315
<i>[Cattrall] </i>Researchers have tried
{\an8}to measure the benefits of plastic surgery

302
00:17:05,399 --> 00:17:07,526
<i>and results have been mixed.</i>

303
00:17:08,152 --> 00:17:10,446
<i>But one roundup</i>
<i>of some of the best studies</i>

304
00:17:10,529 --> 00:17:14,742
<i>found that, overall,</i>
<i>it does seem to improve quality of life.</i>

305
00:17:15,284 --> 00:17:18,120
<i>How much though, depends on the surgery.</i>

306
00:17:19,038 --> 00:17:21,498
<i>Plastic surgery allows some people</i>

307
00:17:21,582 --> 00:17:24,084
<i>to maybe exist in the world</i>
<i>a little bit easier.</i>

308
00:17:24,168 --> 00:17:25,377
<i>For some folks,</i>

309
00:17:25,461 --> 00:17:29,923
<i>plastic surgery is a way</i>
<i>to affirm their gender identity.</i>

310
00:17:30,466 --> 00:17:33,719
<i>[woman] I had my brow bone shaven down.</i>
<i>I had a brow lift.</i>

311
00:17:33,802 --> 00:17:36,096
<i>I had a nose job,</i>
<i>and I also had my chin done.</i>

312
00:17:37,264 --> 00:17:42,102
<i>Surgery helps you feminize and helps you</i>
<i>become the woman you want to be,</i> <i>but it's…</i>

313
00:17:42,770 --> 00:17:44,229
<i>It's so much more than that.</i>

314
00:17:46,190 --> 00:17:49,068
<i>The more passable I am</i>
<i>as a cisgendered woman,</i>

315
00:17:49,151 --> 00:17:51,528
<i>the more safe it is</i>
<i>to walk down the street</i>

316
00:17:51,612 --> 00:17:53,155
<i>or to just live a normal life.</i>

317
00:17:53,238 --> 00:17:57,534
<i>We need to stop thinking</i>
<i>about self-worth and self-value</i>

318
00:17:57,618 --> 00:18:03,040
<i>and self-confidence</i>
<i>as these arbitrary ideals.</i>

319
00:18:03,707 --> 00:18:09,088
<i>I often say that I'm not in the business</i>
<i>of making people look better.</i>

320
00:18:09,171 --> 00:18:12,508
<i>I'm in the business</i>
<i>of making people feel better.</i>

321
00:18:12,591 --> 00:18:17,387
<i>I'm more open to putting myself out there.</i>
<i>I'm more open to meeting new people.</i>

322
00:18:17,471 --> 00:18:19,807
<i>I've made more friends, I think.</i>

323
00:18:19,890 --> 00:18:24,561
<i>And that comes from</i>
<i>me just feeling better about myself.</i>

324
00:18:24,645 --> 00:18:25,979
<i>Just feeling stronger.</i>

325
00:18:26,063 --> 00:18:29,358
<i>It really is freeing, because I know that,</i>

326
00:18:30,359 --> 00:18:32,945
<i>every day, it's only gonna get better</i>

327
00:18:33,445 --> 00:18:38,117
<i>and I'm just gonna become a thousand times</i>
<i>more confident than I ever have been.</i>

328
00:18:38,700 --> 00:18:44,414
<i>It just made me more confident</i>
<i>in every aspect of my life.</i>

329
00:18:44,498 --> 00:18:48,502
<i>Individually, I think it could be</i>
<i>oppressive or empowering.</i>

330
00:18:48,585 --> 00:18:49,545
<i>Collectively,</i>

331
00:18:49,628 --> 00:18:53,132
<i>as something we think it's a good idea</i>
<i>for human beings to generally do,</i>

332
00:18:53,715 --> 00:18:55,384
<i>ideally we need to live in a world</i>

333
00:18:55,467 --> 00:18:59,138
<i>where we don't need to cut up our bodies</i>
<i>to be our best selves.</i>

334
00:18:59,763 --> 00:19:01,140
<i>In regards to my daughter,</i>

335
00:19:01,223 --> 00:19:05,018
<i>I-- I even struggled with telling her</i>
<i>where I was going today,</i>

336
00:19:05,102 --> 00:19:08,105
<i>because I didn't even know</i>
<i>how to explain it to her</i>

337
00:19:08,188 --> 00:19:09,439
<i>without telling her,</i>

338
00:19:09,523 --> 00:19:12,234
<i>"Yeah. My boobs are fake.</i>
<i>I had a breast augmentation."</i>

339
00:19:12,317 --> 00:19:14,236
<i>How do I even explain that to her?</i>

340
00:19:14,319 --> 00:19:17,906
<i>And I don't wanna plant the seed of,</i>

341
00:19:17,990 --> 00:19:20,534
<i>"You need big boobs to be pretty,"</i>

342
00:19:20,617 --> 00:19:23,495
<i>because then</i>
<i>that's just gonna be in her mind,</i>

343
00:19:23,579 --> 00:19:26,665
<i>like, "When I get older,</i>
<i>if my boobs aren't as big as mommy's,</i>

344
00:19:26,748 --> 00:19:29,168
<i>then I need to change that."</i>

345
00:19:29,251 --> 00:19:34,965
<i>I mean if we could get old boobs,</i>
<i>saggy boobs, breastfeeding boobs</i>

346
00:19:35,048 --> 00:19:37,092
<i>and just have them on every bus stop,</i>

347
00:19:37,176 --> 00:19:40,095
<i>we'd quite soon</i>
<i>stop thinking of normal boobs</i>

348
00:19:40,179 --> 00:19:42,848
<i>as these completely pert, round things.</i>

349
00:19:42,931 --> 00:19:45,851
<i>There needs to be less conversations</i>

350
00:19:45,934 --> 00:19:49,563
<i>about the good or the bad</i>
<i>of plastic surgery itself,</i>

351
00:19:49,646 --> 00:19:55,402
<i>and more dialogue about what it means</i>
<i>to be a person in a marginalized body</i>

352
00:19:55,485 --> 00:20:00,657
<i>and why desirability is even so important</i>
<i>to that experience in the first place.</i>

353
00:20:05,037 --> 00:20:07,873
<i>[closing theme music playing]</i>