[narrator] Cricket is an old British sport.
Very well played, sir.
Cricket... of course, doesn't even have rules.
It has laws.
And that immediately strikes some people as pompous and self-regarding.
[narrator] Those laws were mostly written in 19th-century London
at a pitch still considered the home of cricket
called Lord's.
[newsreel narrator] For this is Lord's:
deeply rooted in tradition and in the ritual tradition brings.
You know, God bless cricket.
It has a tea break in the game.
[Brian Lara] It's definitely a test of attrition.
A lot of people can't get their mind around,
"How do you stand out there for five days?"
[narrator] But cricket has changed.
There's a new form of the sport
That's bringing in more money, fans, and a different style of play.
But one thing hasn't changed.
[Kimber] It's complicated.
It is one of the most complicated sports on Earth.
It's totally wiggly.
It doesn't even follow any apparent obvious reason.
[narrator] That didn't put off the one billion people
that were estimated to have watched a single cricket match in 2015
between India and Pakistan.
That's one in seven humans.
So how did this confusing British game
become one of the most popular sports on Earth?
[newsreel announcer] And here's the England side coming into the field.
[crowd cheering] [newsreel narrator] A subtle battle between a slice of willow
and a round of leather.
[man shouts] Yeah! Got it.
[crowd cheering]
[announcer 1] West Indian skipper, Brian Lara.
[announcer 2] What a great victory.
[announcer 3] Unbelievable scenes here at the World Cup.
[announcer 4] This is certainly not an Englishman's game anymore.
[theme music playing]
[Mandvi] Two teams of 11 play each other
on a field shaped like an oval.
The batting team has two players on the field at a time
on either end of the pitch.
They're trying to score runs,
while the fielding team is trying to get them out. On each side of the pitch is a wicket.
The wicket is three stumps topped by two bails.
A batsman stands in front of a wicket
trying to hit the ball delivered by a bowler
from the other end of the pitch.
If the batsman hits the ball, they score runs
by exchanging positions with the other batsmen.
Each exchange equals one run.
While they're running, the fielders try to get the ball
and hit one of the wickets before a batsman gets there.
If they don't make it before the ball knocks the bails off the stumps,
they're out and the new batsman comes in.
If the batsman hits the ball hard enough, they won't have to run.
If they hit it to the boundary, it's worth four runs.
And all the way over the boundary...
that's six.
If a fielder catches the ball,
the batsman is out.
The bowler can also get a batsman out if their delivery hits the wicket,
knocking the bails off the stumps.
A batsman can choose not to swing
or swing and miss the ball,
and he won't get out as long as the wicket is safe.
The bowler, however, can only bowl six deliveries at a time.
That's called an "over," and it's really important.
After each over, a teammate takes their place.
When ten of the 11 batsman are out,
it's called an "innings" and the other team bats.
In traditional cricket, each team has two innings in the match
and the team with the most runs at the end wins.
If they haven't finished after five days,
the umpire calls a draw.
Technically there are ten ways to get out.
But if you ask someone to explain them,
cricket can get very confusing very quickly.
Leg before wicket, one of the ways someone can be out
and the nature of the umpire,
the nature of fielding positions:
silly mid-on, silly mid-off, extra cover, third man.
It's all very coded and peculiar, cricket. I suppose that's the problem.
[Mandvi] The British didn't just write the rules of cricket...
they spread it around the world
by taking it to their colonies in the 18th and 19th centuries.
British soldiers played it,
and the local people either took to it or didn't.
In Canada, they didn't particularly.
A bit cold.
So they went to the ice hockey instead.
But in the warmer countries, it seems obviously to have taken off.
[Mandvi] Even the United States played
before baseball became the patriotic pastime.
America decided cricket smacked of colonialism,
and therefore, they were not going to play.
[Mandvi] But in other colonies, playing cricket was an opportunity
to beat the colonizers at their own game.
And the English began inviting teams
to come test their skills against them in England.
The competitions were called test matches,
which is what the long form of the game continues to be called.
Most of the countries and the top countries that play the game
has that little element of wanting to get back at the English.
[Mandvi] And the colonies got a new opportunity
to do that starting in 1975,
when cricket got a World Cup.
Without the World Cup, cricket would still be a gentlemanly agreement.
"Oh, yeah, we're free at that time of year. We'll come over."
Whereas the World Cup gives everyone the chance to prove themselves.
[Mandvi] In order to play a tournament, matches needed to be shorter
and end with a winner and a loser.
So they played a one-day form of the game
that limited the number of overs faced by each team.
[crowd roaring]
The first two World Cups were both won by the West Indies.
My mother was jumping in the kitchen when the West Indies were winning.
Did she care about the game that much? No.
Did she understand the game that much? No.
But cricket meant a lot to us as West Indians,
and not just in the Caribbean.
[Mandvi] In the third World Cup, England didn't even make the finals.
They had lost to India,
a team playing against the West Indies
after having won a single game in the first two World Cups.
In the final, nobody gave India a chance.
They were like interlopers.
On the day of the match, the feeling was,
"Who are these people? Why are they at Lord's?
Why isn't England at Lord's?"
[Mandvi] But on the turf of their former colonizer
and with odds of 66 to one,
India won.
[Bose] In '83 was, for the first time,
Indians at home watch their team win abroad.
[crowd cheering]
This is a new India emerging.
I mean, the economic prosperity of India came a decade later.
But if you think, that marked the moment when India was confident.
[crowd cheering]
We played like winners.
Throughout the game, throughout the series.
Everybody fight for their lives,
and they said, "We will do it."
Nineteen eighty-three, that generation began to feel
they didn't look to have a merit certificate from England
to feel that they were good enough to compete in the world.
India, for the first time, began to show that a country of that size,
if it has prosperity,
if it has television reach,
it can play an enormous part in reshaping cricket, which it has done.
[Mandvi] Four years later,
India hosted the first World Cup
outside of England.
[crowd cheering]
There's an Indian word called "tamasha,"
which means fun, excitement, glamour,
uncertainty all rolled into one.
And one day cricket became instant tamasha.
[crowd cheering]
-[whistle blows] -[cheering continues]
[Fry] You just are amazed
that something that was started on green turf
at the site of an English church,
and, you know, polite applause
and, "Well played, good fellow,"
becomes this screaming religious ceremony.
-[crowd roaring] -[announcer 1] Pakistan win the World Cup.
A magnificiant performance in front of 87,000 people.
Imran Khan is waiting inside.
[crowd cheering]
[announcer 2] McGrath wide on the crease and that goes for four.
And the crowd loving every minute of it.
[announcer 3] Could be caught...
Is caught.
Sachin Tendulkar celebrates.
[Kimber] Political power then became
that the World Cup was worth so much money
and that India and Pakistan were bringing in so much of that money,
that the sort of democratization of the game,
and it went from being England and Australia running the game
to a more global thing.
[Mandvi] In England, domestic cricket was losing fans,
so something was done to save the sport at home,
but it would only accelerate the power shift to Asia.
In the early 2000s, a British TV Network paid for Stuart Robinson and his marketing team
to research what the problem was.
The key word that came out of that was cricket was "inaccessible."
It was a sport for the posh.
[Mandvi] Robertson had an idea: an even shorter form of cricket
limited to just 20 overs for each team
that would last three hours.
[Robertson] And we asked those people
if we introduced a game of cricket that lasted less than three hours,
would they come to see the game?
And all of those people who were indexed
as never having come to a cricket match before,
they massively over indexed in saying,
"Yes, we would come to that."
[Mandvi] They called the new format "twenty20,"
"T20" for short,
and pitched it to the heads of English cricket at Lord's.
We were arranged around this enormous table in alphabetical order.
So it started with Darbyshire, then Durham, Essex,
and it went all the way around to Yorkshire.
You know, the 60-year-old white males
who had loved their traditional cricket, don't particularly like change.
Then the vote went up,
started counting the hands as quickly as I could,
and we realized that it was 11-seven in favor.
[Mandvi] The next summer, T20 made its debut in England.
The guy on the P.A. system,
at start of the game, he said,
"Welcome to the future of cricket."
And it was amazing. It was a great statement.
[Mandvi] Not everyone agreed.
I still remain... to be sold on the idea.
I don't like the razzmatazz that's going to go with it.
[Mandvi] The rest of the world got their opportunity
to judge the new format in 2005.
[announcer] We welcome the world into Eden Park, Auckland, New Zealand,
the first ever Twenty20 international in the history of the game.
New Zealand against Australia.
It felt a little bit like they weren't taking it very seriously.
[announcer] And here they come.
Look at Hamish Marshall in the background.
-[laughter] -Goodness me. What is he on?
Or a lot like they weren't taking it very seriously.
They were all but drinking during the game.
And that tells you how serious the game was.
Oh, my heavens!
They look like a psychedelic funk band
from Chicago in 1975.
[Mandvi] That reputation stuck,
and when the format got its own World Cup,
the advertising made it clear that T20 cricket was for...
[man] Party people!
The ICC World T20. From 11 to 24th of September
it's off the hook!
India were like, "This is stupid. We've already got one-day cricket.
We're more than happy. We don't need this other stupid thing."
T20 cricket was an English invention.
India was almost dragged
into the World Cup of 2007 in Johannesburg.
They were were virtually dragged there.
They sent over a young team.
That happened to be the best thing they could've done,
because a lot of the old players didn't really understand T20 cricket,
whereas the young players kind of understood
that you had to go as hard as you could.
[announcer] Yuvraj goes into the crowd.
That's massive.
Of all the teams that India were playing, it was Pakistan.
They were going to lose to Pakistan in the final,
and then Misbah-ul-Haq, just as he's about to hit the winning runs,
hits the ball straight up in the air.
[announcer] In the air, Shrijan takes it.
India wins!
[Bose] The Johannesburg miracle.
And, as a result of that,
India said, "Oh, this is T20."
If one day cricket was tamasha,
this was super tamasha.
[Mandvi] In 2008, India launched a new T20 tournament
called the Indian Premier League.
[man] Indian Premier League, say!
[Mandvi] In the first two years, the IPL doubled in value.
And in the decade since,
it has developed a unique brand of cricket
that combines entertainment with fast-paced action
and attracts players from around the world.
[crowd cheering]
[narrator] Team owners include Bollywood stars
like Preity Zinta and Shahrukh Khan,
who take an active role in promoting the league.
India, cricket, and film is a religion,
and blending the two is quite a mix.
It's quite exciting.
With IPL, the Indians finally discovered a three-hour Bollywood movie
which is actually live cricket.
It is player number eight.
[Mandvi] Every season opens with the auction
where celebrity owners bid for players.
Teams also create their own anthems,
like this one promoting the Kolkata Knight Riders
and featuring Bollywood star and team owner, Shah Rukh Khan.
-♪ We're too hot ♪ -♪ Too hot ♪
-♪ We're too cool ♪ -♪ Too cool ♪
♪ Kolkatta Night Riders ♪
♪ We rule ♪
The Indian Premier League version,
with its extraordinary made-for-television excitements
and these wonderful sort of routines
and dances and flames going up.
They've brought in American...
What do you call them? Not the can-can girls.
The American cheerleaders.
Cricket has never had a prime-time TV product
that we can put on every night of the week.
And that is essentially what has turned T20 in
from being a very good game for crowds to go to
to being the number one thing in cricket.
There's no turning back.
If the sponsors are telling you
this is where they want to put their funds, and the spectators are coming through the gates
and the TV rights are huge in T20 compared to other things,
then you've got to run with it.
[Mandvi] The number of international matches
of one-day cricket has declined over the last decade,
while the number of international T20s has increased.
Over a century after England introduced test cricket to the colonies,
this new form of the game has spread outwards from India.
India has given a model for other countries to follow.
When the IPL was successful, all these other places went,
"Oh, we'll set up our own leagues and we'll try and be successful."
The difference is that the money and the TV
is just not as strong in some of those other places.
So the BBL in Australia is very successful league.
It just doesn't have a billion people willing to watch it.
Now it is IPL is where they earn the money.
All the cricketers from this country want to go and play in IPL.
[Mandvi] When international cricketers were asked
if they would consider rejecting an opportunity to play for their country if they were offered more money to play professional T20,
half responded, "yes."
People will develop an opinion
that some players don't like playing for their country.
They're just running the money down,
but sport is about money, you know?
You have to make a living. You're a sportsperson.
This is entertainment.
And you can watch it every night, and there'll be an unfolding narrative.
And that's what sport is at its best.
I've got no problem with that.
If cricket isn't trying to entertain people,
I'm not really sure why we're playing it.
The game has evolved.
And, again, entertainment is key.
So even though I have a great appreciation for test cricket
and my career was spanned over the period when test cricket was strong,
I still have an understanding of where the game has to go,
where it has gone,
and there's no turning back.
[Mandvi] And wherever the game goes,
it won't be decided by British gentleman sitting in a boardroom.
[kids shouting]
The power of cricket has shifted from England to India.
There's no question about it.
Why Lord's is still seen as the home of cricket?
That's the symbolic home of cricket.
It's like seeing Rome as the great capital of the world.
That was a long time ago.
You know, that is in history.