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In Rwanda when all this began, white people ran away. The world itself turned the other way.
Mara, I'm sorry, but I still think it's not a good idea.
I promise…
Only this one…
The première and that's it.
Marco, hurry up!
We're late.
The audience is already in. Come on!
Go!
Is that it?
Almost…
You ready?
Wait!
Who set his mike?!
Go, go, go!
This is it!
Lights on.
It's ok!
Let's start guys!
Silence!
Picture it's a movie.
Picture the true story you're about to listen to is a movie.
A movie set during the most terrifying, systematic and the quickest genocide the human being has ever known,
in a small country halfway round the world.
Rwanda?
Where the hell is Rwanda?
Mara, this is the first and the last one!
We met some witnesses, we collected their story, we set this show up…
But it's only because we promised it!
I don't get you…
"We are not interested in that", "It is not consistent with our season",
"The topic is not suitable for our audience": that's what they told us!
I've made my decision.
I promise!
Only this one…
The première and that's it.
Aren't you coming?!
It's up to you in 5 minutes!
I'll hear you from the interphone.
1 minute and I'll be there.
Picture it's a movie.
A country where things were fine.
So fine that the small country was named the "African Switzerland", up to a devastating economic crisis.
Why? Speculation, corruption, geopolitical interests, globalization, indiscriminate resource exploitation,
but for common people the latter were too complex.
It was then easier to say: "It's the others', the outsiders' fault."
The other in Rwanda had always had a name: Tutsi, the minority social group equalling 10% of the population,
in contrast with Hutu, the majority one accounting for 90%.
Living together for Hutu and Tutsi was complex but possible, until the night of the 6th of April 1994,
when the President of the Republic, Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, was killed in an airstrike.
The radio announced: "Tutsi rebels and all the Tutsi supporting them are to blame".
For Hutu extremists there was only one thing to do: solving Tutsi's problem once and for all,
by killing every one of them.
What's the difference between Hutu and Tutsi?
Two ethnicities or tribes?
Not really.
Some centuries ago, Hutu were poorer farmers and Tutsi richer shepherds.
If your business was good, you being a Hutu could become a Tutsi.
One fine day, the white man came to Rwanda.
"Divide et impera": If you want to rule, then create divisions.
This way, colonizers imposed to each Rwandan citizen his first ID paper,
including a non-existent word in local language.
Such word was "race".
Are you Hutu? You stay Hutu.
Are you Tutsi? You stay Tutsi.
A small piece of paper was enough to transform two social classes into two races.
Forever.
The true story you're about to listen to tries to explain
what happened exactly during the most terrifying genocide in the world.
In this story, I will be Augustin, a Hutu young factory worker.
Mara will be Cécile, a Tutsi primary school teacher.
An affair being only seemingly far in space and time, which is terribly and frightfully current though.
The 6th of April 1994, 8:26 P.M.
The Dessault Falcon 9XR-NN approaches the runway.
It suddenly turns into a fire ball.
It has just been hit by two surface-to-surface missiles.
The contrasts, the envy, and the power struggle
in a population the colonizers dismembered…
Cécile, we must hurry up! We have to leave before they barricade the streets!
Daddy, Igipupe too!
We can't bring everything!
This stuff will remain here!
We can't bring everything!
This stuff will remain here!
Sophie, my love!
Don't be sad!
Igipupe is coming with us!
Daddy was joking.
You'll keep it tight into your hand!
Take it!
Here it is!
Hurry up, Sophie! We must have the injection before leaving!
And… Fly!
My Darling, you're so good!
I'll take the insulin in the fridge.
Now let's do our… Little pinch!
It's official, my Hutu brothers! Our beloved President of the Republic died in an airstrike.
According to reliable sources, Tutsi rebels are to blame together with all Tutsi civilians:
men, women and children alike.
The Tutsi betrayed our people and are getting ready to kill us, but they did not reckon with our courage!
Done!
Sophie, you're so brave!
We will do what we would have had to do long time ago: Killing them all!
I've already called Maurice in Butare.
We're staying at his place until dust will settle…
Go out on the streets and create a barrier, my brothers! If a Tutsi crosses it, leave his head there!
Maurice provided me with these!
Forged passports?
They'll let us pass!
Trust me.
I'm scared, Paul…
Come here.
Everything will be alright!
Mummy, where are we going?
To daddy's friend, Sophie!
How long before we arrive?
Another while. Sleep now!
Line up, you assholes!
Stop your cars and get out!
Get all out!
What the hell are they doing?
Keep calm! Wait for me here…
I'll go to talk to them.
No! Paul, look at me!
You can't leave me here alone with Sophie!
Keep calm… Don't worry!
Get all out of that fucking car!
You killed our President, this time you won't escape!
We'll send you back to Ethiopia in the shortest way…
The river!
Leave the engine on and wait for me here.
I'm with you…
Daddy!
Daddy'll be right back!
I promise!
You can go.
Everything will be alright!
Do as I taught you!
Paul!
Stop that Tutsi whore!
Kill that Tutsi bitch!
Mummy!
Hey, this way!
Come on! It's not far away.
They planned it long time ago.
One week ago they received a cargo full of weapons at Masoro's hill.
The ones who escaped are hiding here.
Are you wounded?
Sorry?!
Are you wounded? No, I'm not.
Find yourself a place to sleep.
Have you got some insulin for my child?
No, I'm sorry. No insulin!
Keep it for your child!
Sophie! You must stay here!
You must stay here! Mummy'll be right back.
I'll take your medicine…
And I'll be right back! Ok?
Please let me go! Let me go! No!
Sophie…
Mara, you're next!
Encouraged by RTLM, Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines, Hutu Power Radio,
thousands of militiamen started this butchery.
To date, this is the fastest, the most terrifying and forgotten genocide in human history.
104 days and 1 million deaths.
1 million! Can you imagine it?
In Rwanda, 10,000 people died per day, which is 400 bodies per hour, 7 bodies per minute.
One person was killed every 10 seconds.
On the 11th of September 2001, New York, USA…
In the Twin Towers attack, 3,000 people died and the whole world stopped.
On the 6th of April 1994: in Rwanda 3 Twin Towers fell, on a daily basis, 24/7.
But the world kept moving on as easily.
"Cécile, we must hurry up! We have to leave before they barricade the streets!"
Paul said to me, his hand on my shoulder.
"We can't bring everything! This stuff will remain here!"
It was our child's favourite toy…
Igipupe was a gift to Sophie from her grandpa, when she was only three.
Sophie and Igipupe are inseparable: a young girl and her soft animal toy.
That night, Paul kept packing our cases…
I was sitting in front of the mirror, unable to think.
The radio! That's what I remember!
RTLM, the Hutu Power Radio was screaming:
"It's official, my Hutu brothers! Our President of the Republic died in an airstrike.
According to reliable sources, Tutsi rebels are to blame together with all Tutsi civilians…"
- Two rice bags and a bean one -
Good morning, Augustin! How are you?
Two rice bags and a bean one, as usual?
Augustin, are you ok?
Rice and beans as usual?
Papers!
Yes, as usual.
If I see a Tutsi, rest assured he's not escaping from here!
How can we recognize a Tutsi from a Hutu?
How can we distinguish between a good man and a cockroach?
How can we help our friends listening to us?
Maybe those who are at the barriers right now and listen to us live?
Your papers!
There are many methods. Height for instance.
Tutsi are tall, but not only…
For instance, the roach often has a marked dental diastema.
I mean that the upper incisors are more distanced; the heel is narrower than a Hutu one.
We also observed a higher incidence of supernumerary coasts: 14 pairs of ribs instead of the 12 being normally present.
The woman roach has stretch marks on her thighs, near the buttocks.
Their nose is thinner with an average length of two millimeters more.
Their hair is less frizzy or their skull is more elongated, their forehead is inclined…
Say hello to your wife and daughter, Augustin!
Sure, Gustave!
Daddy!
Sweetheart, come here!
Look what I drew!
You drew this?
Yes!
This one too?
This is us…
Yes!
This is our house, isn't it?
What a good girl!
Monique, why don't you go and draw another one?
I'm not eating… I have to go out.
We must show up at the assembly center for task assignment.
Keep calm!
They'll do us no harm!
But I'm a Tutsi, Augustin!
Have you heard the radio?
They say to kill all Tutsi women and their treacherous husbands!
Émile promised.
And you trust your cousin?!
Is this your plan?!
What other choice do we have?!
Buying his silence: that's my only plan!
And doing all they order me to do! All of it!
I'm his cousin. We've grown up together!
They'll do you no harm, Jolande. He promised that the militiamen won't find out about it!
Your cousin's men have been here today too!
They've come for our neighbors! They took them away.
We must care about our family, Jolande!
We must care about us! We can do nothing for others!
I thought you were different.
You were wrong…
We should have killed more!
Right!
They must remember once for all that this is our land, and not theirs!
My cousin, do you want something to drink?
No.
We've got some Primus cases! Real beer, not that nasty banana beer.
No, thanks.
Follow me!
Stay here! Don't let anybody enter!
Here you have all that was in.
Well done, my cousin! I told you a smith at home is always useful!
Émile, your men were in front of our house today…
They have you plundering the richest Tutsi houses?
If you find valuables, bring them to me.
I want your men far away from my house!
I think it's a good deal.
Your men!
Killing Tutsi is hard…
And pretending not to know that your cousin's wife is a Tutsi is even harder!
I told you to leave her alone!
You're not in control here! Your wife's still alive only because I want so!
Keep on bringing me some money…
And your beautiful Tutsi wife'll be more Hutu than me!
Don't worry, my cousin!
You've always been finicky.
Hutu are too dirty and rural to deserve a Tutsi woman!
Enjoy, my brothers!
One at a time!
Have'em last long!
Now we'll have fun, Augustin!
I don't remember…
I don't remember anything about that night.
I remember I woke up at the camp.
Émile was high in front of me.
He said to me: "It's every Hutu's duty to exterminate those cockroaches!"
Then he gave me a machete.
I proudly tell you that our people bravely reacted to this challenge.
From Ruhengeri to Butare, from Northern to Southern Rwanda, our Hutu brothers and sisters are joining together
to eradicate the Tutsi threat off the map.
Our fight is spreading from all Rwanda cities to small towns.
The whole country is united in these hours to defend our homeland.
We foolishly thought we could trust them,
but here they're again to subdue us under false pretenses…
C'mon! Line up quick!
My brothers, this is our land and we're the Hutu Power!
Kantano Habimana: everyone knew his voice because he was the football matches speaker.
He said: "Rwanda's men and women, go down the streets and create a barrier!
Tutsi's head must lie there!
The whole country must intervene! Everybody against the Tutsi!
We'll kill all the Tutsi in Rwanda!"
Judgement day has come, my brothers!
We'll free the country from all the cockroaches! God himself is asking us so!
Everyone must fight!
Remember: a man refusing to kill a Tutsi, even if he's a Hutu, is one of them.
Kill him and his family because they're useless!
You're Hutu, your wife's Tutsi. Or you're Tutsi and your wife's Hutu.
Nobody ever cared.
They steal our land, they invade our cities, and they're a threat to our people.
It's time to say "Enough is enough".
Cut the tall grass! Kill all Tutsi!
Go and fill the graves!
They pretended to respect us with a smile on their face… Like they were friends!
Now here they're again to kill us and take the power back.
No way! Total extermination is the only cure!
Once there, you think they'll stop sooner or later…
Open, you damned bastards!
Open this door! You freeloaders, open!
In the middle of a square you see a lot of kids coming out of school, they're all there and dead…
And you say, "It's not true!"
My brothers, this is our land and we're the Hutu Power!
Behave as a good Hutu! Don't arouse the guys' suspicion.
Hutu Power…
Well done, my cousin!
In that bloody spring, what really matters can be found in your ID paper under "race".
If "Hutu", you must kill.
If "Tutsi", you must die.
I don't want to kill anyone!
How could I have looked back into my daughter's eyes?!
"Daddy, Daddy!" she kept asking, "is mummy bad too?"
"Who told you that? Uncle Émile, isn't it?
You must not talk to Uncle Émile!
Nothing will happen to mum, because all mums are good, all of them."
Mummy!
Mummy, I'm thirsty!
Sophie, mummy found the water! Mummy found it!
We just have to manage to get it…
Hi Monique, you're so beautiful!
Hi!
You make beautiful drawings!
Is your mummy in?
Hi Jolande!
Hi!
Hi Jolande!
Do you have some goat's milk for my kids?
Mine have stopped doing it!
You know, because of the confusion in the streets and everything else.
No, I'm sorry…
Maybe they're just scared!
The little one must have hurt its paw. I tried with some ointment, but nothing changed!
Maybe that's why its mum is nervous.
Walking hurts her, so we tied her up, but maybe it's worse.
I think there's too much confusion, and animals get scared.
Poor them! They got no peace as well!
I'm sorry, but I've got no milk now.
Never mind! I'll try to ask further! Thanks anyway, Jolande! Take care!
Thanks Jolande! Bye!
Bye!
Leave us alone!
Don't touch my daughter! Don't touch her!
Shut up!
Don't shout or they'll find you!
Come with me!
Come on!
Go and get some water!
Yes, Mummy!
Good morning, Jolande! Where's your man?
My good smith cousin!
You're such a beautiful woman. Do you know, Jolande? I've always thought so.
If he pays, I'll keep my mouth shut.
If he doesn't…
Émile, leave us in peace!
Have you heard the radio? "Make the Tutsi bitches feel how true Hutu men fuck!"
You disgust me! Let me go!
I am a Tutsi too.
Tutsi?!
Yes, Tutsi. Just like you.
Why didn't you run away? What are you still doing here?
My husband Augustin is Hutu.
They said they'll do no harm to me because he's with the militiamen…
But he's different, and I know it.
Have your little girl drink it! It'll make her feel better.
Sophie, I'm here!
Don't let the girl cry!
Augustin, hurry up! Get off! You're at home!
It's time to go to bed.
Hey, Augustin!
Rest and slow down with all that alcohol!
Hi, my cousin!
See you tomorrow!
Say good night to Jolande!
See you tomorrow!
Don't worry! My husband is out.
Some medicine arrived at the store.
Take it!
I hope it's the right one.
It should be enough for a few days. We'll find some other.
Thank you!
There's also another gift.
That's for Sophie!
Thank you!
Take it easy! He's trapped. He cannot escape!
He must be inside here!
Where are you hiding?
Where the hell is he?!
Look inside there!
Come out, you snotty kid! Come out!
There's nobody! It's not possible!
I've searched everywhere!
When we find you… Where are you?
Come out!
Where the fuck are you hiding?
Hey Augustin! Is there anybody over there?
I've finished! May I go drawing?
Ok.
I want to show daddy my drawings.
Monique…
Monique, leave them here!
Daddy will finish eating and then will watch them.
But daddy… Monique!
I knew you were different.
This story is about the ones who decided to do the right thing.
Even when the world decided to look the other way.
The ones who finally understood what is worth fighting for.
Papers!
Your papers!
Wait! Wait!
You've got no papers! Come with me!
I do have my papers! I forgot them home!
I'm Hutu! I'm Hutu!
I beg you! What do you want to do?
I swear! No! No! No!
Rice and beans as usual?
Add one more rice bag.
Your wife is getting provisions!
What?!
Is your wife getting provisions or do you have some guests in the house?
No! No guests!
Jolande wants to prepare something for the boys in the swamps.
A little present for those who defend our land!
Your wife is such a good woman!
That's what all Hutu women should do!
We've to be on guard, my brother!
Have you heard what they say on the radio?
"Traitors are ready to help the Tutsi, and are hiding anywhere!"
Ah, Augustin! I almost forgot!
Your wife asked me this.
For your sick aunt! Hopefully she'll be better soon.
I'm tired to stay here!
Sophie, we cannot go out!
I want to play with Monique!
Sophie, stop it! We cannot go and play with Monique!
Why not?
We must stay here in the attic!
I want to go outside!
Jolande, they say cockroaches are among us!
Yes! Tutsi are pretending to be Hutu!
Why? Didn't hear something?
On the Radio, they say many people have taken their papers, burned them…
And then they say: "I'm Hutu, I'm Hutu", but it's not true!
Is there anyone crying in your house?
No, nobody.
I swear I hear it!
No way!
It comes from your house!
It must be Monique! Lately she's a bit capricious.
I'll go to see.
Bye Jolande!
This is you!
- Cockroaches -
How is the little girl?
She's fine and sleeps like an angel!
The girl is fine. Her blood is Hutu.
Her father's blood matters. You're Hutu, Monique's Hutu…
What do you want, Émile?
Her mother is the issue!
Émile, you promised you'd have left us in peace!
Don't be afraid!
After all, I'm still your cousin!
Please, Émile!
Hey, don't worry! I just came to say hello!
I was talking to your wife about how difficult it is to keep a secret!
And you begin to have too many for my taste!
The hill is small and people talk!
A deal is a deal.
You pay and I don't speak, right?
And I begin to have too many things not to be said.
There are no more houses to rob!
I can find nothing…
Nothing at all!
Nothing?
Nothing!
Nothing?!
And you still buy stuff at Gustave's store?!
Even some medicine for our sick aunt!
Which aunt, Augustin?! Which one?!
Keep calm, Émile!
I'm sure I can find something.
Something?!
Yes, money! Maybe even some whisky bottles…
10,000 Rwandan Francs!
And I want it tomorrow!
Augustin, please ask your cousin to get out of our house!
Monique is sleeping!
Get your wife to shut up!
Augustin, I want your cousin out of our house!
Silence that Tutsi whore!
Émile, leave her alone!
Do what I say or your wife dies! The game is over, Augustin!
Enough! Tomorrow you're hunting with us in the swamps!
I fooled myself I could stay out of this…
And save my family…
But it's all vain.
Jolande, I don't want to kill anyone…
But if I want to save Monique and you, what else can I do?!
I have no other choice.
It's the longest night in my life.
Seeing again that man, his face…
I cannot erase that night at the barricade from my memories.
What hope is there now for me and my little girl?!
There are moments you wish they'd never come…
And whatever you choose, you know nothing will ever be the same.
Today that moment has come.
Jolande, Monique and you are the most important thing to me…
The only one that really matters.
That's all I know.
I feel really tired! I've got sore arms.
Ah, this is the life, my brothers!
Nothing to do with breaking your back in the fields!
It's like being in heaven!
You can say it loud!
We should've started killing cockroaches long before!
Yesterday was a glimpse!
We arrived at a house, and there was a Tutsi man screaming like a little girl.
Was the cockroach alone? No woman?
A beautiful Tutsi woman to have fun with?
Yes, a long legged one!
No, cows only!
You sure, she wasn't one of them?
What did the Tutsi say?
He was crying and screaming: "Don't kill me! Please don't kill me!"
Did you kill that Tutsi?
I killed him and his cows! From the first to the last one!
But listen, Vincent: is it true your wife doesn't want to sleep with you anymore?
And who told you this bullshit?!
Thibaut, of the Bicumbi store. Rumors got till there!
When I see him, I'll kill him!
Since this story has begun, my wife's always excited. I can never calm her down!
Last night, after all the work we did, I told her I was too tired,
but she didn't want to listen to reason!
You tired?!
Tired because of all the Tutsi bitches you fucked!
Stop!
Turn the radio down!
It's your last chance, Augustin. Don't fuck it up!
Go, my cousin!
Go!
You're trapped, isn't it?
Decide who's gonna kill you!
You Tutsi bitch!
Where did you think to go?
Come here!
There's no escape for you! Come here!
Come here, we'll have some fun…
Come here!
Where are you going?!
Hey, Augustin, it's yours!
The baby! Save the baby!
I won't harm you! Get away! Go, go!
What are you doing?!
She's running away!
The baby is up to you, Augustin!
You must remember what it means to be a true Hutu!
Come on, my cousin! Do it, Augustin!
If someone helps a Tutsi, he's a traitor.
If someone refuses to kill a Tutsi, he's a traitor.
If anyone's got a Tutsi woman, he's a traitor.
You know the beautiful Jolande?!
My brothers, she's not Hutu.
She's a Tutsi!
People say Jolande is helping other cockroaches. Is that true, Augustin?
I say we must do what the government orders us:
"Kill the traitors and all their family, because they're useless."
Take him!
Let's go to your house, Augustin!
I'll take care of your wife! You'll see! Everything will be fine!
Can I help you, Jolande?
Yes, please!
Sophie, show your drawing to Monique! It's wonderful!
Jolande!
Jolande, get out for a second! Look who we brought you!
Give me the little girl!
What?!
The girl! Give me Monique! I'll keep her in the attic!
Don't worry! They just want to scare us.
Nothing will happen!
Jolande! Give me the girl!
Come forward!
Get out both of you!
You come out from that fucking house!
Here we have our wonderful family!
Leave them alone, Émile!
The beautiful Jolande! You're prettier and prettier!
Such a shame you're a rotten Tutsi bitch!
Jolande!
Shut up!
It'd have been so simple, Jolande…
So simple!
They say you're hiding some Tutsi, is it true?
Tell me where the Tutsi are hiding, Jolande!
Run away, Jolande! Go!
Tell me! You dirty cockroach!
Émile!
What did you do?! You're dead, dirty bitch!
Mummy! Mummy!
Run away, Monique!
You decide for your daughter, my cousin! Her blood's Hutu.
Help! Please!
Monique is crying. Do you hear her?
She's afraid…
Take it!
Come here!
Tell me where the Tutsi are and your daughter's safe!
Prove that you are one of us. Augustin!
I'm different!
Go and kill the girl!
Let us enter for a second! Let's play a game together!
We just want to play with you. Monique!
Open the door, Monique! Just a second! Let us get in!
Let's play together!
We're daddy's friends…
Open the door! Hey, darling!
Open the door!
Open this fucking door!
Where is she?
She's not here! She's not here!
Find her! Look everywhere!
Hey! Nobody is here! The girl fled! She's fooled us!
The window! She ran away! From the window!
Go! Everybody gets out! Go and take her!
She's fooled us!
We gotta find the girl! Gotta find her!
Find her right now!
Émile!
Daddy, wake up! Wake up, Daddy!
Daddy!
"Daddy": This is the most beautiful word in the world,
because my daughter Monique is the most beautiful thing in the world!
Yet there is still a small piece to conclude this story: an old yellowed photo.
It was taken on the 4th of July 1994, the last day of genocide.
The "Rwandan Patriotic Front RPF" conquers Kigali and stops the massacre.
"The white spots": this is the photo's name.
But what does "white spots" exactly mean?
The photo is dark, totally underexposed.
There is nothing but many small light reflections, as large as pinheads.
What are the "white spots"? Easy!
"Ariya namaso"
Those are eyes.
Plenty of eyes.
A dozen people including men, women and children.
Dehydrated, malnourished, but the most important thing is that they were all alive in that small attic.
The story survivors told, after a doctor took this picture, is literally incredible.
He carried the water.
She carried the food.
Every day for almost three months.
What were their names?
She said she was "Cécile"…
He was called "Augustin"…
But were they Hutu…
Or were they Tutsi?
No Hutu.
No Tutsi.
"Bara abantu gusa"
Human beings only.
What makes somebody a human being is not his origin, religion or skin colour,
but his sense of justice, brotherhood and his ability to love.
Cecile Hakizimana - Rwanda Genocide Survivor
Directed by Riccardo Salvetti
Director of photography Massimo Gardini
Screenplay by: Marco Cortesi - Mara Moschini - Riccardo Salvetti
Edited by Matteo Santi
Music by Davide Caprelli
Production designers: Barbara De Monte - Nazario Di Tullio
Costume designers: Marianna Biondi - Ariane Lanchais
Makeup designers
Assistants director
Production department
Camera department
Grip department
Electrical department
Sound department
Post-production department
Backstage and Press
In Loving Memory