1 00:00:09,400 --> 00:00:20,400 ♪ ♪ 2 00:00:20,466 --> 00:00:28,966 ♪ ♪ 3 00:00:29,033 --> 00:00:30,700 >> John: HI THERE! 4 00:00:30,766 --> 00:00:31,133 WELCOME TO THE SHOW. 5 00:00:31,200 --> 00:00:33,000 WE'RE BACK! 6 00:00:33,066 --> 00:00:33,466 STILL, UNFORTUNATELY, 7 00:00:33,533 --> 00:00:34,633 IN THIS BLANK VOID. 8 00:00:34,700 --> 00:00:36,466 I HAD HOPED WE'D BE OUT BY NOW, 9 00:00:36,533 --> 00:00:37,033 BUT INSTEAD, I'M STILL STUCK 10 00:00:37,100 --> 00:00:38,366 IN THE BLANKEST EXPANSE ON 11 00:00:38,433 --> 00:00:39,533 TELEVISION, ASIDE FROM THE EYES 12 00:00:39,600 --> 00:00:41,300 OF ROMAIN FROM "SELLING SUNSET." 13 00:00:41,366 --> 00:00:44,233 THERE'S JUST NOTHING THERE. 14 00:00:44,300 --> 00:00:45,666 WE'VE BEEN OFF SINCE NOVEMBER, 15 00:00:45,733 --> 00:00:46,433 AND CLEARLY, A LOT HAS HAPPENED 16 00:00:46,500 --> 00:00:47,233 SINCE THEN. 17 00:00:47,300 --> 00:00:48,900 THE VACCINE ROLLOUT BEGAN. 18 00:00:48,966 --> 00:00:50,333 WALL STREET WAS THROWN INTO 19 00:00:50,400 --> 00:00:51,600 A FRENZY OVER GAMESTOP, 20 00:00:51,666 --> 00:00:52,766 AND FOR A WEEK, EVERYONE GOT 21 00:00:52,833 --> 00:00:54,000 REALLY INTO SEA SHANTIES. 22 00:00:54,066 --> 00:00:56,333 IT'S BEEN A WEIRD TIME. 23 00:00:56,400 --> 00:00:57,566 BUT WE HAVE TO START TONIGHT 24 00:00:57,633 --> 00:00:58,100 WITH THE IMPEACHMENT TRIAL 25 00:00:58,166 --> 00:00:59,333 THAT TOOK PLACE THIS WEEK. 26 00:00:59,400 --> 00:01:03,366 DEMOCRATS PUT ON A COMPELLING, 27 00:01:03,433 --> 00:01:05,800 FORENSIC CASE ABOUT 28 00:01:05,866 --> 00:01:06,600 TRUMP'S CLEAR ROLE AS 29 00:01:06,666 --> 00:01:07,566 INSTIGATOR OF THE JANUARY 6th 30 00:01:07,633 --> 00:01:08,833 RIOTS. 31 00:01:08,900 --> 00:01:10,166 AND IN RESPONSE, TRUMP'S 32 00:01:10,233 --> 00:01:10,833 ATTORNEYS MOUNTED A DEFENSE 33 00:01:10,900 --> 00:01:12,266 THAT COULD CHARITABLY BE 34 00:01:12,333 --> 00:01:13,500 CHARACTERIZED AS "INCOHERENT," 35 00:01:13,566 --> 00:01:14,066 WITH LOWLIGHTS RANGING FROM 36 00:01:14,133 --> 00:01:14,866 ONE ATTORNEY REMINISCING ABOUT 37 00:01:14,933 --> 00:01:15,866 HIS CHILDHOOD RECORD COLLECTION, 38 00:01:15,933 --> 00:01:16,833 TO ANOTHER SUBJECTING THE SENATE 39 00:01:16,900 --> 00:01:17,833 TO AN 11 MINUTE VIDEO OF 40 00:01:17,900 --> 00:01:18,666 DEMOCRATS SIMPLY USING 41 00:01:18,733 --> 00:01:20,166 THE WORD "FIGHT." 42 00:01:20,233 --> 00:01:21,966 IT MIGHT HAVE SEEMED THAT THEY 43 00:01:22,033 --> 00:01:23,033 WEREN'T TRYING VERY HARD, 44 00:01:23,100 --> 00:01:25,100 BUT THAT MIGHT BE BECAUSE THEY 45 00:01:25,166 --> 00:01:26,633 DIDN'T REALLY HAVE TO. 46 00:01:26,700 --> 00:01:28,433 TED CRUZ EVEN MET WITH TRUMP'S 47 00:01:28,500 --> 00:01:29,433 LAWYERS, WHILE THE CASE WAS 48 00:01:29,500 --> 00:01:30,266 STILL GOING ON, AND TOLD THEM 49 00:01:30,333 --> 00:01:31,500 THIS: 50 00:01:31,566 --> 00:01:32,500 >> I SAID, "LOOK, YOU GOT -- 51 00:01:32,566 --> 00:01:33,266 YOU GOTTA REMEMBER YOU'VE 52 00:01:33,333 --> 00:01:33,833 ALREADY WON." 53 00:01:33,900 --> 00:01:34,666 THERE ARE NOT 67 VOTES 54 00:01:34,733 --> 00:01:37,766 TO CONVICT. 55 00:01:37,833 --> 00:01:40,000 THERE -- THERE ARE 55 VOTES 56 00:01:40,066 --> 00:01:41,933 TO CONVICT, PLUS-MINUS TWO. 57 00:01:42,000 --> 00:01:43,066 >> John: AND THE THING IS, 58 00:01:43,133 --> 00:01:44,566 HE WAS RIGHT. 59 00:01:44,633 --> 00:01:45,800 AND WHAT A TRULY INSPIRING 60 00:01:45,866 --> 00:01:46,800 GLIMPSE THAT IS INTO THE WORLD'S 61 00:01:46,866 --> 00:01:48,133 MOST DELIBERATIVE BODY. 62 00:01:48,200 --> 00:01:49,433 "I SAID TO THEM, YOU GOTTA 63 00:01:49,500 --> 00:01:50,800 REMEMBER: THE OUTCOME'S 64 00:01:50,866 --> 00:01:51,766 PREDETERMINED, NOTHING MEANS 65 00:01:51,833 --> 00:01:52,933 ANYTHING, AND THIS ENTIRE 66 00:01:53,000 --> 00:01:54,533 PROCESS IS A COMPLETE CHARADE. 67 00:01:54,600 --> 00:01:55,200 NOW, HANDS IN, EVERYONE: 68 00:01:55,266 --> 00:01:56,133 DEAD EYES, EMPTY HEARTS, 69 00:01:56,200 --> 00:01:58,333 TED CRUZ." 70 00:01:58,400 --> 00:01:59,733 AND THE FACT THE REPUBLICANS 71 00:01:59,800 --> 00:02:00,900 WERE GOING TO ACQUIT 72 00:02:00,966 --> 00:02:02,800 THE FORMER PRESIDENT NO MATTER 73 00:02:02,866 --> 00:02:06,433 WHAT IS A PRETTY DEPRESSING SIGN 74 00:02:06,500 --> 00:02:07,933 OF JUST HOW DEEP TRUMPISM RUNS 75 00:02:08,000 --> 00:02:09,033 IN THEIR PARTY. 76 00:02:09,100 --> 00:02:10,533 BUT NOT JUST AT THE 77 00:02:10,600 --> 00:02:11,033 NATIONAL LEVEL. 78 00:02:11,100 --> 00:02:12,266 IN MANY WAYS, AT THE STATE 79 00:02:12,333 --> 00:02:13,133 LEVEL, IT'S EVEN WORSE. 80 00:02:13,200 --> 00:02:14,033 MORE THAN A DOZEN STATE 81 00:02:14,100 --> 00:02:15,066 LEGISLATORS ACTUALLY 82 00:02:15,133 --> 00:02:16,033 PARTICIPATED IN THE 83 00:02:16,100 --> 00:02:17,166 "STOP THE STEAL" RALLY 84 00:02:17,233 --> 00:02:18,066 PRECEDING THE RIOTS, AND ONE OF 85 00:02:18,133 --> 00:02:19,533 THEM EVEN MADE IT INSIDE. 86 00:02:19,600 --> 00:02:21,333 DERRICK EVANS, A NEWLY-ELECTED 87 00:02:21,400 --> 00:02:22,900 WEST VIRGINIA STATE LEGISLATOR, 88 00:02:22,966 --> 00:02:25,700 AND CHIPMUNK FRAT PLEDGE, 89 00:02:25,766 --> 00:02:27,000 WAS EVENTUALLY ARRESTED. 90 00:02:27,066 --> 00:02:28,566 AND WHILE HE MAINTAINED THAT 91 00:02:28,633 --> 00:02:29,966 HE WAS ONLY IN THE CAPITOL AS AN 92 00:02:30,033 --> 00:02:31,833 INDEPENDENT MEMBER OF THE MEDIA 93 00:02:31,900 --> 00:02:33,733 TO FILM HISTORY, THE HISTORY 94 00:02:33,800 --> 00:02:34,533 HE FILMED TOLD A VERY DIFFERENT 95 00:02:34,600 --> 00:02:35,500 STORY. 96 00:02:35,566 --> 00:02:36,566 >> TRUMP! 97 00:02:36,633 --> 00:02:37,633 TRUMP! 98 00:02:37,700 --> 00:02:38,900 WHOO! 99 00:02:38,966 --> 00:02:39,900 WE'RE IN! 100 00:02:39,966 --> 00:02:41,366 WE'RE IN! 101 00:02:41,433 --> 00:02:44,766 DERRICK EVANS IS IN THE CAPITOL! 102 00:02:44,833 --> 00:02:46,100 >> John: NOW, EVERYTHING ABOUT 103 00:02:46,166 --> 00:02:47,466 THAT IS AWFUL. 104 00:02:47,533 --> 00:02:49,166 FROM THE FACT THAT A STATE 105 00:02:49,233 --> 00:02:50,100 LAWMAKER PARTICIPATED 106 00:02:50,166 --> 00:02:51,533 IN A DEADLY INSURRECTION, 107 00:02:51,600 --> 00:02:52,800 TO THE FACT HE WAS STUPID ENOUGH 108 00:02:52,866 --> 00:02:53,800 TO BROADCAST HIMSELF DOING IT, 109 00:02:53,866 --> 00:02:54,900 TO HIM EXCITEDLY TALKING ABOUT 110 00:02:54,966 --> 00:02:56,433 HIMSELF IN THE THIRD PERSON LIKE 111 00:02:56,500 --> 00:02:58,466 SOME KIND OF ALT-RIGHT ELMO. 112 00:02:58,533 --> 00:02:59,900 AND WHILE EVANS HAS SINCE 113 00:02:59,966 --> 00:03:01,066 RESIGNED, HE'S JUST THE TIP OF 114 00:03:01,133 --> 00:03:02,700 THE ICEBERG WHEN IT COMES TO 115 00:03:02,766 --> 00:03:03,933 EXTREME BEHAVIOR IN STATE 116 00:03:04,000 --> 00:03:05,866 REPUBLICAN PARTIES. 117 00:03:05,933 --> 00:03:07,300 OREGON'S STATE G.O.P. PUT OUT 118 00:03:07,366 --> 00:03:09,166 A STATEMENT CLAIMING THE RIOTS 119 00:03:09,233 --> 00:03:10,300 WERE A "FALSE FLAG OPERATION 120 00:03:10,366 --> 00:03:10,900 DESIGNED TO DISCREDIT 121 00:03:10,966 --> 00:03:12,533 PRESIDENT TRUMP." 122 00:03:12,600 --> 00:03:14,466 AND MICHIGAN'S TOP ELECTED 123 00:03:14,533 --> 00:03:16,533 REPUBLICAN WAS CAUGHT ON TAPE 124 00:03:16,600 --> 00:03:17,400 SPEWING DANGEROUS CONSPIRACIES 125 00:03:17,466 --> 00:03:18,133 LIKE THIS: 126 00:03:18,200 --> 00:03:19,300 >> SENATE MAJORITY LEADER 127 00:03:19,366 --> 00:03:20,500 MIKE SHIRKEY IN HIS OWN WORDS 128 00:03:20,566 --> 00:03:21,700 TALKING ABOUT THE DEADLY 129 00:03:21,766 --> 00:03:23,500 JANUARY 6TH CAPITOL RIOTS, 130 00:03:23,566 --> 00:03:24,833 SAYING IT WAS PREARRANGED, AND 131 00:03:24,900 --> 00:03:26,666 THAT IT WASN'T TRUMP'S PEOPLE. 132 00:03:26,733 --> 00:03:27,300 >> THAT'S BEEN A HOAX FROM DAY 133 00:03:27,366 --> 00:03:29,000 ONE. 134 00:03:29,066 --> 00:03:30,700 THAT WAS ALL PREARRANGED. 135 00:03:30,766 --> 00:03:31,933 THAT WAS ALL ARRANGED BY 136 00:03:32,000 --> 00:03:33,733 SOMEBODY THAT WAS FUNDING IT. 137 00:03:33,800 --> 00:03:34,866 >> John: WHAT THE FUCK ARE YOU 138 00:03:34,933 --> 00:03:36,833 TALKING ABOUT, SHIRKEY? 139 00:03:36,900 --> 00:03:37,933 TO THE EXTENT JANUARY 6TH WAS 140 00:03:38,000 --> 00:03:39,900 "PREARRANGED" BY ANYONE, 141 00:03:39,966 --> 00:03:41,366 IT WAS CLEARLY BY TRUMP, AS HE 142 00:03:41,433 --> 00:03:43,266 REPEATEDLY TWEETED THINGS 143 00:03:43,333 --> 00:03:44,433 LIKE, "BIG PROTEST IN D.C. 144 00:03:44,500 --> 00:03:45,600 ON JANUARY 6TH... 145 00:03:45,666 --> 00:03:46,700 BE THERE, WILL BE WILD!" 146 00:03:46,766 --> 00:03:48,466 WHICH, TO BE FAIR, WAS ONE OF 147 00:03:48,533 --> 00:03:49,566 THOSE OCCASIONS WHERE HE TURNED 148 00:03:49,633 --> 00:03:51,666 OUT TO BE COMPLETELY RIGHT. 149 00:03:51,733 --> 00:03:53,533 AND I KNOW THAT MAN LOOKS LIKE 150 00:03:53,600 --> 00:03:54,433 HE ANSWERS THE QUESTION, 151 00:03:54,500 --> 00:03:55,600 "WHAT IF STEVE MARTIN WAS 152 00:03:55,666 --> 00:03:57,233 AWFUL?," BUT THE FACT IS, 153 00:03:57,300 --> 00:03:58,500 HE'S THE MAJORITY LEADER OF 154 00:03:58,566 --> 00:04:00,000 THE MICHIGAN SENATE. 155 00:04:00,066 --> 00:04:01,733 HE HAS REAL POWER. 156 00:04:01,800 --> 00:04:03,000 THEN THERE'S ARIZONA, WHERE 157 00:04:03,066 --> 00:04:05,033 THEIR REPUBLICAN PARTY CENSURED 158 00:04:05,100 --> 00:04:06,500 THREE PEOPLE -- INCLUDING THEIR 159 00:04:06,566 --> 00:04:07,433 GOVERNOR AND CINDY McCAIN -- 160 00:04:07,500 --> 00:04:08,733 FOR NOT SUFFICIENTLY SUPPORTING 161 00:04:08,800 --> 00:04:10,100 TRUMP. 162 00:04:10,166 --> 00:04:11,733 AND IN EARLY DECEMBER, DID THIS: 163 00:04:11,800 --> 00:04:13,233 >> USING THE "STOP THE STEAL" 164 00:04:13,300 --> 00:04:16,066 SLOGAN, A TRUMP SUPPORTER 165 00:04:16,133 --> 00:04:17,266 WRITES, "I AM WILLING TO GIVE 166 00:04:17,333 --> 00:04:18,733 MY LIFE FOR THIS FIGHT." 167 00:04:18,800 --> 00:04:20,133 THE STATE REPUBLICAN PARTY 168 00:04:20,200 --> 00:04:20,600 RESPONDS, "HE IS. 169 00:04:20,666 --> 00:04:22,366 ARE YOU?" 170 00:04:22,433 --> 00:04:23,933 THEN THE OFFICIAL PARTY DOUBLES 171 00:04:24,000 --> 00:04:25,366 DOWN, TWEETING OVERNIGHT A CLIP 172 00:04:25,433 --> 00:04:26,700 FROM "RAMBO" AND THE QUOTE, 173 00:04:26,766 --> 00:04:28,266 "THIS IS WHAT WE DO, WHO WE ARE. 174 00:04:28,333 --> 00:04:29,400 LIVE FOR NOTHING, OR DIE FOR 175 00:04:29,466 --> 00:04:31,833 SOMETHING." 176 00:04:31,900 --> 00:04:33,733 >> John: OKAY, ASIDE FROM BEING 177 00:04:33,800 --> 00:04:34,866 COMPLETELY TERRIFYING, THAT 178 00:04:34,933 --> 00:04:36,933 QUOTE IS FROM THE 2008 "RAMBO" 179 00:04:37,000 --> 00:04:38,800 MOVIE -- AT THAT POINT, THE 180 00:04:38,866 --> 00:04:39,633 WORST "RAMBO" MOVIE, UNTIL THEY 181 00:04:39,700 --> 00:04:40,833 MADE ANOTHER ONE. 182 00:04:40,900 --> 00:04:42,133 I'M JUST SAYING, IF YOU 183 00:04:42,200 --> 00:04:43,300 ABSOLUTELY HAVE TO QUOTE 184 00:04:43,366 --> 00:04:44,633 STALLONE, THERE ARE SO MANY 185 00:04:44,700 --> 00:04:45,633 BETTER OPTIONS. 186 00:04:45,700 --> 00:04:46,933 THEY COULD HAVE GONE WITH, 187 00:04:47,000 --> 00:04:48,200 "TO SURVIVE A WAR, YOU GOTTA 188 00:04:48,266 --> 00:04:49,400 BECOME WAR," FROM 189 00:04:49,466 --> 00:04:50,700 "RAMBO: FIRST BLOOD PART II." 190 00:04:50,766 --> 00:04:51,900 OR "THIS CHILDISH GAME WILL SOON 191 00:04:51,966 --> 00:04:52,366 BE OVER. 192 00:04:52,433 --> 00:04:54,166 AND THEN THE REAL GAME WILL 193 00:04:54,233 --> 00:04:54,966 BEGIN," FROM "SPY KIDS 3D: 194 00:04:55,033 --> 00:04:57,166 GAME OVER." 195 00:04:57,233 --> 00:04:58,266 OR EVEN THIS ACTUAL STALLONE 196 00:04:58,333 --> 00:04:59,100 TWEET: "EVERYONE SHOULD TRY 197 00:04:59,166 --> 00:05:00,166 PAINTING! 198 00:05:00,233 --> 00:05:02,700 GET STROKING!" 199 00:05:02,766 --> 00:05:04,833 I MEAN, SURE, IT DOESN'T MAKE 200 00:05:04,900 --> 00:05:05,733 MUCH SENSE, BUT AT LEAST IT'S 201 00:05:05,800 --> 00:05:06,600 NOT LIKELY TO LEAD TO PEOPLE 202 00:05:06,666 --> 00:05:07,700 GETTING KILLED. 203 00:05:07,766 --> 00:05:08,933 AND IT'S NOT JUST PARTY 204 00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:11,000 OFFICIALS. 205 00:05:11,066 --> 00:05:13,666 REPUBLICAN SENATORS IN ARIZONA 206 00:05:13,733 --> 00:05:15,033 HAVE TRIED, AMONG OTHER 207 00:05:15,100 --> 00:05:16,266 THINGS, TO HOLD THE MARICOPA 208 00:05:16,333 --> 00:05:17,866 COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS 209 00:05:17,933 --> 00:05:18,633 IN CONTEMPT FOR REFUSING TO TURN 210 00:05:18,700 --> 00:05:19,333 OVER VOTING MACHINES AND BALLOTS 211 00:05:19,400 --> 00:05:21,066 FOR INSPECTION. 212 00:05:21,133 --> 00:05:22,966 AND ONE LAWMAKER INTRODUCED THIS 213 00:05:23,033 --> 00:05:24,433 PARTICULARLY EXTREME BILL: 214 00:05:24,500 --> 00:05:26,233 >> UNDER HOUSE BILL 27-20, 215 00:05:26,300 --> 00:05:27,600 THE LEGISLATURE COULD REVOKE 216 00:05:27,666 --> 00:05:28,866 THE SECRETARY OF STATE'S 217 00:05:28,933 --> 00:05:30,366 CERTIFICATION OF THE ELECTION, 218 00:05:30,433 --> 00:05:31,533 AND APPOINT MEMBERS TO THE 219 00:05:31,600 --> 00:05:33,433 ELECTORAL COLLEGE THAT IT WANTS. 220 00:05:33,500 --> 00:05:34,800 HAD THIS BEEN THE LAW IN 221 00:05:34,866 --> 00:05:36,400 NOVEMBER, THE G.O.P.-LED 222 00:05:36,466 --> 00:05:39,600 LEGISLATURE COULD HAVE GIVEN 223 00:05:39,666 --> 00:05:40,733 THE STATE'S 11 ELECTORAL COLLEGE 224 00:05:40,800 --> 00:05:41,533 VOTES TO FORMER PRESIDENT 225 00:05:41,600 --> 00:05:42,833 DONALD TRUMP. 226 00:05:42,900 --> 00:05:45,633 THIS MORNING, SECRETARY OF STATE 227 00:05:45,700 --> 00:05:47,100 KATIE HOBBS APPEARED ON "GOOD 228 00:05:47,166 --> 00:05:48,833 MORNING ARIZONA" TO SAY THIS. 229 00:05:48,900 --> 00:05:50,566 >> WHY NOT JUST DO AWAY WITH 230 00:05:50,633 --> 00:05:51,666 ELECTIONS ALTOGETHER, AND JUST 231 00:05:51,733 --> 00:05:52,300 HAVE THE LEGISLATURE PICK ALL OF 232 00:05:52,366 --> 00:05:53,700 OUR ELECTED OFFICIALS? 233 00:05:53,766 --> 00:05:55,233 THAT -- THAT WAS SARCASM. 234 00:05:55,300 --> 00:05:56,833 YEAH, THIS LEGISLATION IS 235 00:05:56,900 --> 00:05:58,733 LUDICROUS. 236 00:05:58,800 --> 00:06:00,600 >> John: OKAY, I DO TAKE YOUR 237 00:06:00,666 --> 00:06:01,966 POINT THERE, BUT HAVING TO 238 00:06:02,033 --> 00:06:04,200 EXPLAIN SOMETHING YOU JUST SAID 239 00:06:04,266 --> 00:06:05,433 WAS SARCASTIC IS NEVER IDEAL. 240 00:06:05,500 --> 00:06:06,366 IT KIND OF ROBS THE SARCASM OF 241 00:06:06,433 --> 00:06:08,066 ITS BITE. 242 00:06:08,133 --> 00:06:09,666 NEXT TIME, WHY NOT JUST USE 243 00:06:09,733 --> 00:06:10,933 A SARCASM ALERT HORN? 244 00:06:11,000 --> 00:06:12,366 THAT WAY, THE HORN DOES ALL THE 245 00:06:12,433 --> 00:06:13,533 WORK FOR YOU. 246 00:06:13,600 --> 00:06:14,133 ALTHOUGH I DON'T KNOW WHY I'M 247 00:06:14,200 --> 00:06:15,333 TELLING YOU THIS. 248 00:06:15,400 --> 00:06:16,500 YOU'RE CLEARLY SO GOOD AT 249 00:06:16,566 --> 00:06:17,300 SARCASM. 250 00:06:17,366 --> 00:06:18,533 [HORN HONKS] 251 00:06:18,600 --> 00:06:19,533 SEE? 252 00:06:19,600 --> 00:06:21,966 IT WORKS. 253 00:06:22,033 --> 00:06:23,366 BUT THAT BILL ACTUALLY POINTS TO 254 00:06:23,433 --> 00:06:24,400 A MUCH LARGER ISSUE HERE: 255 00:06:24,466 --> 00:06:25,366 REPUBLICAN LEGISLATURES ACROSS 256 00:06:25,433 --> 00:06:27,000 THE COUNTRY HAVE RESPONDED TO 257 00:06:27,066 --> 00:06:28,600 WHAT'S BEEN CALLED "THE MOST 258 00:06:28,666 --> 00:06:30,233 SECURE ELECTION IN U.S. HISTORY" 259 00:06:30,300 --> 00:06:31,466 BY PUSHING NEW LAWS TO MAKE 260 00:06:31,533 --> 00:06:32,533 VOTING SIGNIFICANTLY MORE 261 00:06:32,600 --> 00:06:33,833 DIFFICULT. 262 00:06:33,900 --> 00:06:35,700 IN ARIZONA, THEY'VE PUT FORWARD 263 00:06:35,766 --> 00:06:37,366 19 BILLS TO RESTRICT VOTING 264 00:06:37,433 --> 00:06:38,566 RIGHTS. 265 00:06:38,633 --> 00:06:40,566 AND NATIONWIDE, 33 STATES ARE 266 00:06:40,633 --> 00:06:42,666 CONSIDERING OVER 165 RESTRICTIVE 267 00:06:42,733 --> 00:06:45,300 BILLS, JUST THIS YEAR. 268 00:06:45,366 --> 00:06:46,900 NOW LUCKILY, THERE IS CURRENTLY 269 00:06:46,966 --> 00:06:48,866 LEGISLATION IN CONGRESS -- HR1 270 00:06:48,933 --> 00:06:50,533 AND THE JOHN LEWIS VOTING RIGHTS 271 00:06:50,600 --> 00:06:52,266 ADVANCEMENT ACT -- THAT COULD 272 00:06:52,333 --> 00:06:54,400 HELP CURB STATE-LEVEL ATTEMPTS 273 00:06:54,466 --> 00:06:55,266 AT VOTER SUPPRESSION. 274 00:06:55,333 --> 00:06:56,400 UNFORTUNATELY, THE BEST SHOT 275 00:06:56,466 --> 00:06:57,866 THOSE BILLS HAVE AT GETTING 276 00:06:57,933 --> 00:06:58,833 ENACTED IS IF DEMOCRATS 277 00:06:58,900 --> 00:06:59,700 END THE FILIBUSTER. 278 00:06:59,766 --> 00:07:01,033 AND TO DO THAT, EVERY SENATE 279 00:07:01,100 --> 00:07:03,700 DEMOCRAT WOULD NEED TO BE ON 280 00:07:03,766 --> 00:07:03,900 BOARD. 281 00:07:03,966 --> 00:07:05,833 THE PROBLEM THERE IS, ONE OF 282 00:07:05,900 --> 00:07:07,800 THOSE DEMOCRATS IS JOE MANCHIN. 283 00:07:07,866 --> 00:07:09,300 >> WE'RE NOT GOING TO BUST 284 00:07:09,366 --> 00:07:11,133 THE FILIBUSTER. 285 00:07:11,200 --> 00:07:11,966 WE'RE NOT GOING TO BUST 286 00:07:12,033 --> 00:07:13,533 THE BYRD RULE THAT BASICALLY 287 00:07:13,600 --> 00:07:14,933 PROTECTS THE FILIBUSTER. 288 00:07:15,000 --> 00:07:16,500 >> I'M NOT GOING TO BREAK THE 289 00:07:16,566 --> 00:07:17,100 BYRD RULE, I'M NOT KILLING THE 290 00:07:17,166 --> 00:07:17,866 FILIBUSTER. 291 00:07:17,933 --> 00:07:19,233 I'M PROTECTING THE SENATE IN 292 00:07:19,300 --> 00:07:21,000 HONOR OF ROBERT C. BYRD, WHOSE 293 00:07:21,066 --> 00:07:22,800 SEAT I SIT IN. 294 00:07:22,866 --> 00:07:24,433 SO YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT A 295 00:07:24,500 --> 00:07:25,033 PERSON THAT'S GOING TO DEFEND 296 00:07:25,100 --> 00:07:28,033 THE LEGACY OF ROBERT C. BYRD. 297 00:07:28,100 --> 00:07:29,466 >> John: OKAY, IT'S BAD ENOUGH 298 00:07:29,533 --> 00:07:30,200 THAT YOU'RE DEFENDING THE 299 00:07:30,266 --> 00:07:31,633 FILIBUSTER, LET ALONE DOING IT 300 00:07:31,700 --> 00:07:33,433 TO DEFEND THE LEGACY OF 301 00:07:33,500 --> 00:07:34,466 ROBERT C. BYRD, A MAN WHO 302 00:07:34,533 --> 00:07:35,366 LITERALLY USED IT TO TRY AND 303 00:07:35,433 --> 00:07:36,566 BLOCK THE ORIGINAL VOTING RIGHTS 304 00:07:36,633 --> 00:07:39,266 ACT IN 1964! 305 00:07:39,333 --> 00:07:41,066 HE USED THE THING YOU'RE 306 00:07:41,133 --> 00:07:41,866 ADVOCATING FOR IN THE WORST 307 00:07:41,933 --> 00:07:42,966 POSSIBLE WAY. 308 00:07:43,033 --> 00:07:44,833 IT'D BE LIKE PROMOTING ZOOM 309 00:07:44,900 --> 00:07:46,100 BY REMINDING EVERYONE THAT 310 00:07:46,166 --> 00:07:47,300 JEFFREY TOOBIN USED IT. 311 00:07:47,366 --> 00:07:48,666 YOU'RE REALLY NOT HELPING YOUR 312 00:07:48,733 --> 00:07:51,000 CASE THERE! 313 00:07:51,066 --> 00:07:52,800 AND IT'S NOT JUST MANCHIN. 314 00:07:52,866 --> 00:07:54,233 DEMOCRATS LIKE KYRSTEN SINEMA 315 00:07:54,300 --> 00:07:56,833 AND DIANNE FEINSTEIN HAVE ALSO 316 00:07:56,900 --> 00:07:57,866 DEFENDED THE FILIBUSTER. 317 00:07:57,933 --> 00:07:59,100 AND BOTH BIDEN AND HARRIS HAVE 318 00:07:59,166 --> 00:08:00,366 BEEN LUKEWARM ON THE ISSUE 319 00:08:00,433 --> 00:08:01,400 IN THE PAST, WHICH IS VERY 320 00:08:01,466 --> 00:08:02,900 FRUSTRATING. 321 00:08:02,966 --> 00:08:04,900 BECAUSE DEMOCRATS SIMPLY CANNOT 322 00:08:04,966 --> 00:08:06,233 AFFORD TO REST ON THEIR LAURELS 323 00:08:06,300 --> 00:08:07,466 RIGHT NOW. 324 00:08:07,533 --> 00:08:09,066 REPUBLICANS DEFINITELY AREN'T! 325 00:08:09,133 --> 00:08:10,766 THEY'VE MADE IT ABUNDANTLY CLEAR 326 00:08:10,833 --> 00:08:11,933 THEY'RE WILLING TO TAKE THINGS 327 00:08:12,000 --> 00:08:13,266 TO DRASTIC LEVELS. 328 00:08:13,333 --> 00:08:15,000 AND DEMOCRATS JUST DON'T SEEM 329 00:08:15,066 --> 00:08:16,633 REMOTELY PREPARED TO MEET THAT 330 00:08:16,700 --> 00:08:17,200 THREAT RIGHT NOW. 331 00:08:17,266 --> 00:08:17,800 BUT YOU KNOW WHAT? 332 00:08:17,866 --> 00:08:22,333 YOU KNOW WHAT? 333 00:08:22,400 --> 00:08:23,200 DON'T WORRY. 334 00:08:23,266 --> 00:08:24,700 I'M SURE THE G.O.P. WILL SIMPLY 335 00:08:24,766 --> 00:08:25,300 PUT THE PAST BEHIND THEM, 336 00:08:25,366 --> 00:08:26,533 RECOGNIZE WHAT THEY'VE DONE 337 00:08:26,600 --> 00:08:27,400 WRONG, AND SHEPHERD ALL OF US 338 00:08:27,466 --> 00:08:28,600 INTO A BIPARTISAN ERA OF MUTUAL 339 00:08:28,666 --> 00:08:31,666 COOPERATION FOR THE COMMON GOOD. 340 00:08:31,733 --> 00:08:33,133 [HORN HONKS] 341 00:08:33,200 --> 00:08:34,900 THAT WAS SARCASM. 342 00:08:34,966 --> 00:08:36,233 AND NOW, THIS. 343 00:08:36,300 --> 00:08:37,400 ♪ ♪ 344 00:08:37,466 --> 00:08:39,166 >> Announcer: AND NOW... 345 00:08:39,233 --> 00:08:41,500 NEWSCASTERS OFFER TIPS FOR 346 00:08:41,566 --> 00:08:42,700 HOW TO SAY "I LOVE YOU" IN THE 347 00:08:42,766 --> 00:08:44,666 WORST IMAGINABLE WAY. 348 00:08:44,733 --> 00:08:46,366 >> I'VE SEEN ALL TYPES OF 349 00:08:46,433 --> 00:08:47,533 DIFFERENT OPPORTUNITIES TO 350 00:08:47,600 --> 00:08:49,600 CELEBRATE THIS VALENTINE'S DAY. 351 00:08:49,666 --> 00:08:54,266 LET'S GO OVER HERE AND TAKE A 352 00:08:54,333 --> 00:08:54,833 LOOK AT THIS BOUQUET OF BEEF 353 00:08:54,900 --> 00:08:55,600 STICKS. 354 00:08:55,666 --> 00:08:56,833 >> FRIED CHICKEN BOUQUETS. 355 00:08:56,900 --> 00:08:58,700 THEY INCLUDED SIX CHICKEN 356 00:08:58,766 --> 00:09:00,166 TENDERS, MINI CARNATIONS, HERBS, 357 00:09:00,233 --> 00:09:01,066 BABY'S BREATH, AND BUTTERMILK 358 00:09:01,133 --> 00:09:02,766 DRESSING. 359 00:09:02,833 --> 00:09:04,366 >> A BOUQUET MADE OF CHICK-FIL-A 360 00:09:04,433 --> 00:09:06,133 NUGGETS AND WAFFLES. 361 00:09:06,200 --> 00:09:08,033 >> THIS IS A CHICKEN WING AND 362 00:09:08,100 --> 00:09:10,166 CHICKEN FINGER BOUQUET. 363 00:09:10,233 --> 00:09:11,533 >> HOW ABOUT A CORN DOG BOUQUET? 364 00:09:11,600 --> 00:09:12,666 >> A BOUQUET OF SALAMI! 365 00:09:12,733 --> 00:09:13,700 WHY NOT? 366 00:09:13,766 --> 00:09:16,533 >> A SAUSAGE BOUQUET. 367 00:09:16,600 --> 00:09:17,533 >> THESE ARE BACON BOUQUETS. 368 00:09:17,600 --> 00:09:18,133 >> A BOUQUET OF RIBS. 369 00:09:18,200 --> 00:09:19,600 >> JERKY BEEF BOUQUETS. 370 00:09:19,666 --> 00:09:22,333 >> THIS IS MY BEEF BOUQUET. 371 00:09:22,400 --> 00:09:24,166 >> JERKY BOUQUETS, I WILL TELL 372 00:09:24,233 --> 00:09:24,833 YOU RIGHT NOW, THAT LOOKS SO 373 00:09:24,900 --> 00:09:25,933 DELICIOUS. 374 00:09:26,000 --> 00:09:26,933 >> THE FIRST EVER MAINE LOBSTER 375 00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:27,933 TAIL BOUQUET. 376 00:09:28,033 --> 00:09:29,700 >> A TERRIBLE IDEA. 377 00:09:29,766 --> 00:09:32,700 >> THIS IS A TERRIBLE IDEA. 378 00:09:32,766 --> 00:09:34,600 PLEASE DO NOT SHIP THIS, DO NOT 379 00:09:34,666 --> 00:09:35,500 PUT THIS IN THE MAIL. 380 00:09:35,566 --> 00:09:37,166 YOU KNOW WHERE YOU WILL SPEND 381 00:09:37,233 --> 00:09:37,633 THIS VALENTINE'S DAY? 382 00:09:37,700 --> 00:09:41,566 ON THE TOILET. 383 00:09:41,633 --> 00:09:42,300 ♪ ♪ 384 00:09:42,366 --> 00:09:43,433 >> John: MOVING ON. 385 00:09:43,500 --> 00:09:45,466 OUR MAIN STORY TONIGHT CONCERNS 386 00:09:45,533 --> 00:09:45,833 PANDEMICS. 387 00:09:45,900 --> 00:09:47,100 YOU KNOW, THE THING EVERY LITTLE 388 00:09:47,166 --> 00:09:48,633 VIRUS COULD ONE DAY GROW INTO. 389 00:09:48,700 --> 00:09:49,433 >> WAIT, EVEN ME? 390 00:09:49,500 --> 00:09:51,000 >> John: YEAH! 391 00:09:51,066 --> 00:09:52,466 MAYBE EVEN YOU, MYSTERY VIRUS! 392 00:09:52,533 --> 00:09:54,300 >> WOW, THAT'S GREAT! 393 00:09:54,366 --> 00:09:55,600 THANKS FOR HELPING ME BELIEVE 394 00:09:55,666 --> 00:09:58,233 IN MYSELF, JOHN! 395 00:09:58,300 --> 00:10:00,000 NOW IF YOU'LL EXCUSE ME, 396 00:10:00,066 --> 00:10:00,633 I'M OFF TO THE MALL OF AMERICA! 397 00:10:00,700 --> 00:10:03,066 WHEE! 398 00:10:03,133 --> 00:10:04,366 >> John: [LAUGHS] 399 00:10:04,433 --> 00:10:05,133 OH, OKAY! 400 00:10:05,200 --> 00:10:06,400 HAVE FUN! 401 00:10:06,466 --> 00:10:07,233 I'M PROBABLY GOING TO 402 00:10:07,300 --> 00:10:08,233 REGRET THAT. 403 00:10:08,300 --> 00:10:11,633 AND I KNOW WHAT YOU MIGHT BE 404 00:10:11,700 --> 00:10:13,300 THINKING RIGHT NOW: 405 00:10:13,366 --> 00:10:14,366 "JOHN, SHUT THE FUCK UP! 406 00:10:14,433 --> 00:10:15,300 NO ONE WANTS TO HEAR ANY MORE 407 00:10:15,366 --> 00:10:16,166 ABOUT THE CORONAVIRUS!" 408 00:10:16,233 --> 00:10:17,133 AND I GET THAT! 409 00:10:17,200 --> 00:10:18,300 WHICH IS WHY WE'RE NOT ACTUALLY 410 00:10:18,366 --> 00:10:19,133 GOING TO TALK ABOUT 411 00:10:19,200 --> 00:10:20,000 THE CURRENT PANDEMIC TONIGHT. 412 00:10:20,066 --> 00:10:21,466 WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT 413 00:10:21,533 --> 00:10:21,933 THE NEXT ONE INSTEAD. 414 00:10:22,000 --> 00:10:22,966 WHICH, I KNOW, SOUNDS EVEN LESS 415 00:10:23,033 --> 00:10:24,066 APPEALING, BUT, LOOK, WE ARE THE 416 00:10:24,133 --> 00:10:25,266 SHOW WE ARE. 417 00:10:25,333 --> 00:10:26,633 IF YOU WANT TO SEE A BRITISH 418 00:10:26,700 --> 00:10:27,433 PERSON DO SOMETHING HOT OR 419 00:10:27,500 --> 00:10:28,200 INTERESTING, GO WATCH 420 00:10:28,266 --> 00:10:29,966 "BRIDGERTON." 421 00:10:30,033 --> 00:10:30,766 LOTTA JIZZING IN BLANKETS 422 00:10:30,833 --> 00:10:34,233 ON THAT SHOW. 423 00:10:34,300 --> 00:10:35,100 HOWEVER MUCH YOU EXPECT, 424 00:10:35,166 --> 00:10:36,633 THERE'S SIGNIFICANTLY MORE. 425 00:10:36,700 --> 00:10:37,833 BUT NOW MIGHT ALSO BE THE MOST 426 00:10:37,900 --> 00:10:38,900 IMPORTANT TIME TO TALK ABOUT 427 00:10:38,966 --> 00:10:40,133 THIS. 428 00:10:40,200 --> 00:10:41,566 BECAUSE SCIENTISTS ATTEMPTED 429 00:10:41,633 --> 00:10:42,833 TO WARN US ABOUT "THE NEXT 430 00:10:42,900 --> 00:10:43,966 PANDEMIC" LONG BEFORE THE 431 00:10:44,033 --> 00:10:45,033 CURRENT ONE HIT, 432 00:10:45,100 --> 00:10:46,966 AND WE DIDN'T REALLY LISTEN. 433 00:10:47,033 --> 00:10:48,800 IN FACT, 17 YEARS AGO, JUST 434 00:10:48,866 --> 00:10:50,566 AFTER THE SARS EPIDEMIC WAS 435 00:10:50,633 --> 00:10:52,166 CONTAINED, A LEADING SCIENTIST 436 00:10:52,233 --> 00:10:53,033 WAS ON "60 MINUTES," SOUNDING 437 00:10:53,100 --> 00:10:54,233 A CHILLING WARNING. 438 00:10:54,300 --> 00:10:55,100 >> WHAT WORRIES ME THE MOST IS 439 00:10:55,166 --> 00:10:56,466 THAT WE'RE GONNA MISS THE 440 00:10:56,533 --> 00:10:57,666 NEXT EMERGING DISEASE, THAT 441 00:10:57,733 --> 00:10:58,500 WE'RE GONNA SUDDENLY FIND 442 00:10:58,566 --> 00:10:59,666 A SARS VIRUS THAT MOVES FROM 443 00:10:59,733 --> 00:11:01,333 ONE PART OF THE PLANET TO 444 00:11:01,400 --> 00:11:02,566 ANOTHER, WIPING OUT PEOPLE 445 00:11:02,633 --> 00:11:03,533 AS IT MOVES ALONG. 446 00:11:03,600 --> 00:11:04,833 >> SOMETHING MORE LETHAL THAN 447 00:11:04,900 --> 00:11:06,333 SARS IS WHAT WORRIES YOU. 448 00:11:06,400 --> 00:11:07,066 >> THAT'S SOMETHING TO BE 449 00:11:07,133 --> 00:11:08,566 KEEPING YOU AWAKE AT NIGHT. 450 00:11:08,633 --> 00:11:10,300 >> John: UH, YEAH, IT IS. 451 00:11:10,366 --> 00:11:12,133 BECAUSE THAT IS A HAUNTINGLY 452 00:11:12,200 --> 00:11:13,166 SPOT-ON PREDICTION THERE. 453 00:11:13,233 --> 00:11:14,033 I KIND OF WANTED HIM TO 454 00:11:14,100 --> 00:11:15,366 CONTINUE. 455 00:11:15,433 --> 00:11:16,233 "JUST SPITBALLING HERE, 456 00:11:16,300 --> 00:11:17,133 WHAT IF THAT GUY FROM 457 00:11:17,200 --> 00:11:17,900 "THE APPRENTICE" BECOMES 458 00:11:17,966 --> 00:11:18,700 PRESIDENT? 459 00:11:18,766 --> 00:11:20,000 OR SOME LONELY GOON AT HARVARD 460 00:11:20,066 --> 00:11:21,333 INVENTS A WEBSITE THAT DESTROYS 461 00:11:21,400 --> 00:11:22,033 THE FABRIC OF SOCIETY AS WE KNOW 462 00:11:22,100 --> 00:11:22,966 IT? 463 00:11:23,033 --> 00:11:24,666 THAT'S SOMETHING TO KEEP YOU 464 00:11:24,733 --> 00:11:26,000 AWAKE AT NIGHT, TOO!" 465 00:11:26,066 --> 00:11:27,166 LOOK, I KNOW THIS CURRENT 466 00:11:27,233 --> 00:11:29,466 CORONAVIRUS MIGHT FEEL LIKE A 467 00:11:29,533 --> 00:11:30,633 ONCE-IN-A-LIFETIME NIGHTMARE, 468 00:11:30,700 --> 00:11:31,766 BUT IT'S ACTUALLY PART 469 00:11:31,833 --> 00:11:33,166 OF A GLOBAL TREND, BECAUSE 470 00:11:33,233 --> 00:11:34,566 THE TOTAL NUMBER OF INFECTIOUS 471 00:11:34,633 --> 00:11:36,200 DISEASE OUTBREAKS HAS INCREASED 472 00:11:36,266 --> 00:11:37,800 SIGNIFICANTLY SINCE 1980. 473 00:11:37,866 --> 00:11:40,066 WE'VE SEEN OUTBREAKS LIKE SARS 474 00:11:40,133 --> 00:11:41,833 IN 2003, H1N1 IN 2009, A SERIES 475 00:11:41,900 --> 00:11:43,800 OF EBOLA OUTBREAKS, MOST NOTABLY 476 00:11:43,866 --> 00:11:45,366 IN 2014, MERS IN 2015, 477 00:11:45,433 --> 00:11:47,933 ZIKA THAT SAME YEAR, 478 00:11:48,000 --> 00:11:49,233 AND, OF COURSE, THE CURRENT 479 00:11:49,300 --> 00:11:50,500 VIRUS WE'RE ALL ENDURING, WHICH 480 00:11:50,566 --> 00:11:51,533 IS THE MAIN REASON I'M CURRENTLY 481 00:11:51,600 --> 00:11:52,800 SPEAKING TO YOU COMPLETELY ALONE 482 00:11:52,866 --> 00:11:53,833 FROM WHAT LOOKS LIKE THE 483 00:11:53,900 --> 00:11:55,433 PILLSBURY DOUGHBOY'S ASS CRACK. 484 00:11:55,500 --> 00:11:57,700 AND THE TRUTH IS, IF WE'RE NOT 485 00:11:57,766 --> 00:11:59,000 VERY CAREFUL, THE NEXT PANDEMIC 486 00:11:59,066 --> 00:12:00,833 COULD WELL BE EVEN WORSE. 487 00:12:00,900 --> 00:12:02,266 >> THERE ARE VIRUSES CURRENTLY 488 00:12:02,333 --> 00:12:05,466 CIRCULATING IN WILDLIFE. 489 00:12:05,533 --> 00:12:07,233 THEY ESSENTIALLY KILL 60 TO 70% 490 00:12:07,300 --> 00:12:08,866 OF THE PEOPLE THEY INFECT. 491 00:12:08,933 --> 00:12:10,400 >> THE VIRUS THAT CAUSES 492 00:12:10,466 --> 00:12:12,433 COVID-19 MIGHT JUST BE A DRESS 493 00:12:12,500 --> 00:12:15,000 REHEARSAL FOR THE BIG ONE LATER? 494 00:12:15,066 --> 00:12:16,733 >> THIS IS NOT, BY ANY STRETCH 495 00:12:16,800 --> 00:12:18,433 OF THE IMAGINATION, THE WORST 496 00:12:18,500 --> 00:12:19,500 MOTHER NATURE HAS TO OFFER US. 497 00:12:19,566 --> 00:12:21,500 >> John: WELL, THAT DOESN'T 498 00:12:21,566 --> 00:12:22,333 SOUND GREAT. 499 00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:23,600 AND LOOK, I KNOW THIS ISN'T THE 500 00:12:23,666 --> 00:12:25,033 MOST IMPORTANT THING THERE, BUT: 501 00:12:25,100 --> 00:12:26,166 WHAT IS IT WITH DISEASE EXPERTS 502 00:12:26,233 --> 00:12:27,033 AND PREDICTING UPCOMING 503 00:12:27,100 --> 00:12:28,066 PANDEMICS WHILE ON BOATS? 504 00:12:28,133 --> 00:12:29,766 THAT'S A TERRIBLE USE OF A BOAT. 505 00:12:29,833 --> 00:12:30,666 THEY'RE SUPPOSED TO BE CHILL. 506 00:12:30,733 --> 00:12:32,166 READ THE BOAT RULES. 507 00:12:32,233 --> 00:12:33,033 ONE: THE CAPTAIN'S ALWAYS 508 00:12:33,100 --> 00:12:33,866 RIGHT. 509 00:12:33,933 --> 00:12:35,000 TWO: WE ONLY FISH ON DAYS THAT 510 00:12:35,066 --> 00:12:36,166 END IN "Y." 511 00:12:36,233 --> 00:12:37,833 AND THREE: NO GRIM TIDINGS OF 512 00:12:37,900 --> 00:12:38,766 THE VIRAL APOCALYPSE. 513 00:12:38,833 --> 00:12:40,100 DID YOU HEAR THAT? 514 00:12:40,166 --> 00:12:41,933 THAT'S A BOAT FOUL, DR. BUMMER. 515 00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:42,766 >> BOAT FOUL! 516 00:12:42,833 --> 00:12:48,166 >> John: INDEED. 517 00:12:48,233 --> 00:12:49,700 AND WHILE YOU WOULD HOPE THAT 518 00:12:49,766 --> 00:12:50,933 THE LAST YEAR WOULD BE A WAKE-UP 519 00:12:51,000 --> 00:12:51,966 CALL TO EVERYONE, THOSE WHO 520 00:12:52,033 --> 00:12:52,900 STUDY PANDEMICS ARE SKEPTICAL 521 00:12:52,966 --> 00:12:53,800 THAT WE'VE LEARNED NEARLY 522 00:12:53,866 --> 00:12:54,733 ENOUGH. 523 00:12:54,800 --> 00:12:55,966 >> I THINK WHAT I'VE SEEN IN 524 00:12:56,033 --> 00:12:57,500 HISTORY OF LOOKING AT THESE 525 00:12:57,566 --> 00:12:58,066 PATHOGENS OVER TIME IS THAT 526 00:12:58,133 --> 00:12:59,000 WE USUALLY GO RIGHT BACK TO 527 00:12:59,066 --> 00:13:00,066 BUSINESS AS USUAL AS SOON AS 528 00:13:00,133 --> 00:13:00,800 THE THING ENDS, AS SOON AS WE 529 00:13:00,866 --> 00:13:02,166 HAVE A DRUG, AS SOON AS WE HAVE 530 00:13:02,233 --> 00:13:03,933 A VACCINE, AS SOON AS WE CAN 531 00:13:04,000 --> 00:13:06,533 KIND OF GHETTOIZE THESE DISEASES 532 00:13:06,600 --> 00:13:07,700 INTO MARGINALIZED POPULATIONS. 533 00:13:07,766 --> 00:13:09,733 WE DON'T REALLY DO THE 534 00:13:09,800 --> 00:13:10,433 FUNDAMENTAL SOCIAL CHANGE 535 00:13:10,500 --> 00:13:11,500 THAT WE COULD DO. 536 00:13:11,566 --> 00:13:13,600 >> John: EXACTLY. 537 00:13:13,666 --> 00:13:14,766 UNFORTUNATELY, THERE IS EVERY 538 00:13:14,833 --> 00:13:16,100 CHANCE THAT AFTER ALL THIS IS 539 00:13:16,166 --> 00:13:18,700 OVER, WE'LL END UP TREATING 540 00:13:18,766 --> 00:13:19,600 THE CORONAVIRUS LIKE A REALLY 541 00:13:19,666 --> 00:13:21,033 BAD FART AT THANKSGIVING. 542 00:13:21,100 --> 00:13:21,966 THAT IS, WAITING PATIENTLY FOR 543 00:13:22,033 --> 00:13:23,166 IT TO DISSIPATE SO WE CAN 544 00:13:23,233 --> 00:13:24,566 NEVER SPEAK OF IT AGAIN AND 545 00:13:24,633 --> 00:13:25,266 COLLECTIVELY PRETEND THAT 546 00:13:25,333 --> 00:13:28,800 IT DIDN'T JUST KILL GRANDMA. 547 00:13:28,866 --> 00:13:29,800 SO GIVEN ALL OF THAT, TONIGHT, 548 00:13:29,866 --> 00:13:31,166 LET'S TALK ABOUT THE NEXT 549 00:13:31,233 --> 00:13:33,433 PANDEMIC -- SPECIFICALLY, 550 00:13:33,500 --> 00:13:34,033 WHERE NEW INFECTIOUS DISEASES 551 00:13:34,100 --> 00:13:34,633 COME FROM, WHY THEY'RE ON THE 552 00:13:34,700 --> 00:13:35,433 RISE, AND WHAT WE CAN DO TO 553 00:13:35,500 --> 00:13:36,200 LIMIT THEM. 554 00:13:36,266 --> 00:13:37,300 AND LET'S START WITH HOW WE GOT 555 00:13:37,366 --> 00:13:39,366 INTO OUR CURRENT SITUATION. 556 00:13:39,433 --> 00:13:41,200 THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IS CAUSED 557 00:13:41,266 --> 00:13:42,700 BY A NOVEL CORONAVIRUS CALLED 558 00:13:42,766 --> 00:13:44,566 "SARS-COV-2," WHICH ORIGINATED 559 00:13:44,633 --> 00:13:46,066 IN ANIMALS BEFORE JUMPING TO 560 00:13:46,133 --> 00:13:47,133 HUMANS. 561 00:13:47,200 --> 00:13:48,800 AND THAT IS BY NO MEANS UNUSUAL. 562 00:13:48,866 --> 00:13:50,666 IT'S ESTIMATED THAT UP TO 75% 563 00:13:50,733 --> 00:13:52,900 OF NEW OR EMERGING INFECTIOUS 564 00:13:52,966 --> 00:13:53,666 DISEASES COME FROM ANIMALS. 565 00:13:53,733 --> 00:13:54,566 THEY'RE CALLED 566 00:13:54,633 --> 00:13:56,233 "ZOONOTIC DISEASES" OR 567 00:13:56,300 --> 00:13:57,533 "ZOONOSES." 568 00:13:57,600 --> 00:13:58,800 NOT TO BE CONFUSED WITH 569 00:13:58,866 --> 00:14:00,166 "ZOO NOSE," WHICH, FOR THE 570 00:14:00,233 --> 00:14:01,600 RECORD, IS A VERY HURTFUL THING 571 00:14:01,666 --> 00:14:03,166 TO CALL A TEENAGER WHO'S ALREADY 572 00:14:03,233 --> 00:14:05,066 GOT ENOUGH TO DEAL WITH. 573 00:14:05,133 --> 00:14:07,000 AND COVID IS BY NO MEANS THE 574 00:14:07,066 --> 00:14:08,233 ONLY ZOONOTIC DISEASE OUT THERE. 575 00:14:08,300 --> 00:14:09,700 THERE ARE AN ESTIMATED 576 00:14:09,766 --> 00:14:11,000 1.7 MILLION CURRENTLY 577 00:14:11,066 --> 00:14:12,866 UNDISCOVERED VIRUSES IN MAMMALS 578 00:14:12,933 --> 00:14:14,133 AND BIRDS, OF WHICH BETWEEN 579 00:14:14,200 --> 00:14:15,666 SIX AND 800,000 COULD HAVE 580 00:14:15,733 --> 00:14:18,466 THE ABILITY TO INFECT HUMANS. 581 00:14:18,533 --> 00:14:19,433 AND LOTS OF ANIMAL SPECIES ARE 582 00:14:19,500 --> 00:14:21,866 HOSTS FOR ZOONOTIC DISEASE. 583 00:14:21,933 --> 00:14:23,033 BIRDS AND PIGS CAN HARBOR 584 00:14:23,100 --> 00:14:24,233 INFLUENZA. 585 00:14:24,300 --> 00:14:25,733 CHIMPANZEES WERE THE BRIDGE OF 586 00:14:25,800 --> 00:14:27,533 HIV TO HUMANS, AND TURTLES CAN 587 00:14:27,600 --> 00:14:29,033 CARRY SALMONELLA, WHICH IS 588 00:14:29,100 --> 00:14:30,566 SOMETHING WE ALL REMEMBER FROM 589 00:14:30,633 --> 00:14:31,666 ONE OF THE DARKEST EPISODES OF 590 00:14:31,733 --> 00:14:34,600 THE NINJA TURTLES CARTOON. 591 00:14:34,666 --> 00:14:39,300 THAT'S RIGHT: ONE OF THEIR 592 00:14:39,366 --> 00:14:42,766 TURTLE POWERS SEEMED TO BE 593 00:14:42,833 --> 00:14:43,700 INADVERTENTLY KILLING 594 00:14:43,766 --> 00:14:44,933 APRIL O'NEIL. 595 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:46,100 ONE OF THE BIGGEST VECTORS 596 00:14:46,166 --> 00:14:46,733 FOR TRANSMITTING VIRUSES IS, 597 00:14:46,800 --> 00:14:47,633 FAMOUSLY, BATS. 598 00:14:47,700 --> 00:14:48,733 THEY'VE BEEN LINKED TO EBOLA, 599 00:14:48,800 --> 00:14:49,433 THE DEADLY NIPAH VIRUS, AND 600 00:14:49,500 --> 00:14:50,366 COVID-19. 601 00:14:50,433 --> 00:14:51,100 IN FACT, HERE IS THAT EERILY 602 00:14:51,166 --> 00:14:52,300 PRESCIENT EXPERT THAT YOU SAW 603 00:14:52,366 --> 00:14:53,533 EARLIER WARNING OF THE DANGERS 604 00:14:53,600 --> 00:14:54,633 OF A POPULAR BAT-BASED TOURIST 605 00:14:54,700 --> 00:14:56,566 ATTRACTION BACK IN 2016. 606 00:14:56,633 --> 00:14:57,633 >> THE BATS HERE IN THIS CAVE 607 00:14:57,700 --> 00:14:59,533 ARE THE SAME BATS THAT CARRY 608 00:14:59,600 --> 00:15:00,600 SARS VIRUS. 609 00:15:00,666 --> 00:15:02,466 WHEN THEY'RE UP THERE, THEY 610 00:15:02,533 --> 00:15:03,500 URINATE AND DEFECATE RIGHT ON 611 00:15:03,566 --> 00:15:04,733 TOP OF THE TOURISTS THAT ARE 612 00:15:04,800 --> 00:15:05,633 WALKING THROUGH. 613 00:15:05,700 --> 00:15:06,833 AND ALL YOU HAVE GOT TO DO IS BE 614 00:15:06,900 --> 00:15:09,433 THAT ONE PERSON TO BREATHE IN AT 615 00:15:09,500 --> 00:15:10,733 THE WRONG TIME, AND SUDDENLY YOU 616 00:15:10,800 --> 00:15:12,566 HAVE BEEN INFECTED WITH A -- 617 00:15:12,633 --> 00:15:13,966 WITH A VIRUS THAT IS NOT ONLY 618 00:15:14,033 --> 00:15:15,966 POTENTIALLY LETHAL TO PEOPLE, IT 619 00:15:16,033 --> 00:15:18,800 COULD CAUSE A FUTURE PANDEMIC. 620 00:15:18,866 --> 00:15:19,433 >> John: THAT'S HORRIBLE -- AND 621 00:15:19,500 --> 00:15:21,800 NOT JUST THE DISEASE PART. 622 00:15:21,866 --> 00:15:23,766 JUST THE VERY CONCEPT OF THIS 623 00:15:23,833 --> 00:15:25,200 WALK-IN BAT TOILET BEING 624 00:15:25,266 --> 00:15:26,833 A TOURIST DESTINATION. 625 00:15:26,900 --> 00:15:27,933 THAT MIGHT BE THE WORST TOURIST 626 00:15:28,000 --> 00:15:29,466 ATTRACTION SINCE DISNEYLAND PUT 627 00:15:29,533 --> 00:15:30,566 JOHNNY DEPP ANIMATRONICS IN THE 628 00:15:30,633 --> 00:15:32,166 "PIRATES OF THE CARIBBEAN" RIDE. 629 00:15:32,233 --> 00:15:33,300 C'MON, DISNEY, THERE'S KIDS 630 00:15:33,366 --> 00:15:34,366 HERE! 631 00:15:34,433 --> 00:15:36,066 THEY'RE HERE TO WATCH SOME JOLLY 632 00:15:36,133 --> 00:15:37,700 NAUTICAL RAPISTS AND THIEVES, 633 00:15:37,766 --> 00:15:38,966 NOT A WEIRD, SAD MILLIONAIRE 634 00:15:39,033 --> 00:15:41,900 DOING A B-PLUS KEITH RICHARDS. 635 00:15:41,966 --> 00:15:43,466 NOW THERE ARE REASONS THAT BATS 636 00:15:43,533 --> 00:15:46,200 ARE SUCH GOOD HOSTS FOR DISEASE. 637 00:15:46,266 --> 00:15:47,033 THEY CAN FLY, SO THEY CAN COVER 638 00:15:47,100 --> 00:15:48,366 LARGE DISTANCES. 639 00:15:48,433 --> 00:15:49,400 THEY'VE DEVELOPED SPECIALIZED 640 00:15:49,466 --> 00:15:50,666 IMMUNE SYSTEMS THAT DON'T 641 00:15:50,733 --> 00:15:51,733 OVERREACT TO INFECTIONS, WHICH 642 00:15:51,800 --> 00:15:53,366 KEEPS THEM FROM FALLING ILL. 643 00:15:53,433 --> 00:15:54,666 AND THEY ARE INSANELY PLENTIFUL. 644 00:15:54,733 --> 00:15:56,666 NEARLY A QUARTER OF THE WORLD'S 645 00:15:56,733 --> 00:15:59,833 MAMMAL SPECIES ARE BATS. 646 00:15:59,900 --> 00:16:01,366 AND IF YOU'RE THINKING, "GREAT, 647 00:16:01,433 --> 00:16:03,000 THEN THERE'S AN EASY FIX HERE: 648 00:16:03,066 --> 00:16:08,033 LET'S SIMPLY KILL ALL BATS," 649 00:16:08,100 --> 00:16:09,733 THAT'S ACTUALLY NOT A GREAT 650 00:16:09,800 --> 00:16:10,700 IDEA, FOR MULTIPLE REASONS. 651 00:16:10,766 --> 00:16:11,366 NOT ONLY ARE THEY CRUCIAL 652 00:16:11,433 --> 00:16:12,300 ELEMENTS OF OUR ECOSYSTEM, 653 00:16:12,366 --> 00:16:13,066 THEY'RE ALSO WAY CUTER THAN 654 00:16:13,133 --> 00:16:14,333 THEY'RE OFTEN GIVEN CREDIT FOR! 655 00:16:14,400 --> 00:16:15,533 JUST LOOK AT THIS FUZZY LITTLE 656 00:16:15,600 --> 00:16:17,733 GOOBER EATING A BANANA! 657 00:16:17,800 --> 00:16:18,833 LOOK AT THIS ONE SCARFING DOWN 658 00:16:18,900 --> 00:16:20,966 A WATERMELON! 659 00:16:21,033 --> 00:16:22,366 AND JUST LOOK AT THIS LITTLE GUY 660 00:16:22,433 --> 00:16:23,400 TRYING TO ABSOLUTELY HOUSE 661 00:16:23,466 --> 00:16:24,100 A SINGLE GRAPE. 662 00:16:24,166 --> 00:16:25,200 LOOK AT HIM GO! 663 00:16:25,266 --> 00:16:26,500 WHO'S STRUGGLING WITH A GRAPE? 664 00:16:26,566 --> 00:16:27,100 YOU ARE! 665 00:16:27,166 --> 00:16:28,500 YOU'RE STRUGGLING WITH A GRAPE, 666 00:16:28,566 --> 00:16:30,833 YOU LITTLE GOTH MOUSE! 667 00:16:30,900 --> 00:16:33,266 ALSO, IT IS IMPORTANT TO 668 00:16:33,333 --> 00:16:34,966 REMEMBER THAT THE FACT THAT WE 669 00:16:35,033 --> 00:16:36,166 MAY'VE CAUGHT COVID FROM BATS 670 00:16:36,233 --> 00:16:37,166 ISN'T SO MUCH THEIR FAULT AS IT 671 00:16:37,233 --> 00:16:39,133 IS OURS. 672 00:16:39,200 --> 00:16:40,866 BECAUSE OUTBREAKS OF BAT VIRUSES 673 00:16:40,933 --> 00:16:42,533 DON'T TEND TO COME FROM THEM 674 00:16:42,600 --> 00:16:43,866 SEEKING US OUT; THEY USUALLY 675 00:16:43,933 --> 00:16:45,966 HAPPEN WHEN A HUMAN TAKES A BAT 676 00:16:46,033 --> 00:16:47,166 SOMEWHERE IT'D NEVER GO ON ITS 677 00:16:47,233 --> 00:16:49,166 OWN OR INTRUDES ON ITS HOME. 678 00:16:49,233 --> 00:16:51,133 AND THAT ACTUALLY BRINGS US TO 679 00:16:51,200 --> 00:16:53,366 THE FIRST BIG THING WE'RE DOING 680 00:16:53,433 --> 00:16:54,166 THAT MAY WELL BRING ABOUT THE 681 00:16:54,233 --> 00:16:55,233 NEXT PANDEMIC. 682 00:16:55,300 --> 00:16:56,833 AND THAT IS ERASING THE BUFFER 683 00:16:56,900 --> 00:16:57,833 BETWEEN CIVILIZATION AND 684 00:16:57,900 --> 00:16:58,800 WILDLIFE. 685 00:16:58,866 --> 00:17:00,366 SCIENTISTS HAVE REPEATEDLY 686 00:17:00,433 --> 00:17:01,566 WARNED US ABOUT THE DANGERS OF 687 00:17:01,633 --> 00:17:03,200 DEFORESTATION, URBANIZATION, 688 00:17:03,266 --> 00:17:04,566 MINING, AND GENERALLY 689 00:17:04,633 --> 00:17:06,333 SUPPLANTING NATURAL HABITATS, 690 00:17:06,400 --> 00:17:07,500 WHICH HAS BEEN FAR MORE 691 00:17:07,566 --> 00:17:10,700 EXTENSIVE THAN YOU MIGHT THINK. 692 00:17:10,766 --> 00:17:12,900 >> MANY PEOPLE IMAGINE THERE'S 693 00:17:12,966 --> 00:17:13,633 THIS UNTOUCHED WILDERNESS 694 00:17:13,700 --> 00:17:14,800 BECAUSE THEY SEE IT ON THEIR 695 00:17:14,866 --> 00:17:16,966 TV SCREENS, BUT THE REALITY IS, 696 00:17:17,033 --> 00:17:17,966 THERE'S REALLY NOT A LOT OF WILD 697 00:17:18,033 --> 00:17:20,600 LEFT THERE. 698 00:17:20,666 --> 00:17:22,033 >> WE'VE ALREADY LOST NEARLY 699 00:17:22,100 --> 00:17:23,000 90% OF THE WETLANDS AROUND 700 00:17:23,066 --> 00:17:24,900 THE WORLD. 701 00:17:24,966 --> 00:17:26,266 WE'VE TRANSFORMED THE FORESTS, 702 00:17:26,333 --> 00:17:28,433 OUR GRASSLANDS. 703 00:17:28,500 --> 00:17:31,466 WE'VE CONVERTED 75% OF THE LAND 704 00:17:31,533 --> 00:17:33,900 THAT IS NOT COVERED BY ICE. 705 00:17:33,966 --> 00:17:34,833 >> THREE QUARTERS OF THE 706 00:17:34,900 --> 00:17:35,433 TERRESTRIAL SURFACE HAS BEEN 707 00:17:35,500 --> 00:17:36,466 CHANGED. 708 00:17:36,533 --> 00:17:37,033 A LOT OF IT JUST TO FEED ONE 709 00:17:37,100 --> 00:17:38,200 SPECIES. 710 00:17:38,266 --> 00:17:39,433 >> John: IT'S TRUE. 711 00:17:39,500 --> 00:17:41,366 WE'VE CHANGED THREE-QUARTERS OF 712 00:17:41,433 --> 00:17:43,133 THE EARTH'S LAND AREAS! 713 00:17:43,200 --> 00:17:44,733 AND WHILE SOME OF THAT WAS 714 00:17:44,800 --> 00:17:46,333 NECESSARY, WE HAVE ALSO CHANGED 715 00:17:46,400 --> 00:17:47,933 A LOT TO BUILD DUMB, POINTLESS 716 00:17:48,033 --> 00:17:49,566 SHIT THAT NO ONE REALLY WANTS OR 717 00:17:49,633 --> 00:17:51,266 NEEDS, LIKE PAINTBALL COURSES, 718 00:17:51,333 --> 00:17:53,766 OR NOVELTY T-SHIRT SHOPS, OR 719 00:17:53,833 --> 00:17:55,100 SALT LAKE CITY. 720 00:17:55,166 --> 00:17:56,500 AND THAT VANISHING BOUNDARY 721 00:17:56,566 --> 00:17:58,066 HAS BROUGHT INCREASED RISK. 722 00:17:58,133 --> 00:17:59,633 OVER 30% OF NEW AND EMERGING 723 00:17:59,700 --> 00:18:00,800 DISEASES ARE LINKED TO 724 00:18:00,866 --> 00:18:02,100 DEFORESTATION AND LAND USE 725 00:18:02,166 --> 00:18:03,200 CHANGE. 726 00:18:03,266 --> 00:18:04,500 TAKE THE AMAZON. 727 00:18:04,566 --> 00:18:05,666 STUDIES HAVE DOCUMENTED THAT 728 00:18:05,733 --> 00:18:07,166 CLEARING PATCHES OF FOREST 729 00:18:07,233 --> 00:18:08,700 APPEARS TO CREATE THE IDEAL 730 00:18:08,766 --> 00:18:10,266 HABITAT ALONG FOREST EDGES FOR 731 00:18:10,333 --> 00:18:11,700 THE TYPE OF MOSQUITO THAT'S 732 00:18:11,766 --> 00:18:13,100 THE MOST COMMON TRANSMITTER OF 733 00:18:13,166 --> 00:18:14,200 MALARIA THERE. 734 00:18:14,266 --> 00:18:16,500 OR TAKE WEST AFRICA. 735 00:18:16,566 --> 00:18:18,600 THE FIRST VICTIM OF 2014'S 736 00:18:18,666 --> 00:18:19,666 EBOLA OUTBREAK WAS A YOUNG BOY 737 00:18:19,733 --> 00:18:21,033 WHO'D BEEN SEEN PLAYING NEAR 738 00:18:21,100 --> 00:18:22,833 A TREE INFESTED WITH BATS BEFORE 739 00:18:22,900 --> 00:18:23,800 HE GOT SICK. 740 00:18:23,866 --> 00:18:24,900 HE LIVED IN A SMALL VILLAGE 741 00:18:24,966 --> 00:18:26,800 WHERE MUCH OF THE SURROUNDING 742 00:18:26,866 --> 00:18:27,566 FOREST HAD BEEN DESTROYED BY 743 00:18:27,633 --> 00:18:28,966 FOREIGN MINING AND TIMBER 744 00:18:29,033 --> 00:18:29,700 OPERATIONS. 745 00:18:29,766 --> 00:18:33,100 AND EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT 746 00:18:33,166 --> 00:18:34,033 THAT IS WHAT BROUGHT THE BATS 747 00:18:34,100 --> 00:18:35,366 INTO HIS VILLAGE. 748 00:18:35,433 --> 00:18:39,066 AND BEFORE YOU THINK THIS IS 749 00:18:39,133 --> 00:18:41,900 JUST AN OVERSEAS PROBLEM, IT IS 750 00:18:41,966 --> 00:18:42,833 WORTH REMEMBERING THAT ONE OF 751 00:18:42,900 --> 00:18:44,800 THE CLEAREST EXAMPLES OF HABITAT 752 00:18:44,866 --> 00:18:45,433 DESTRUCTION FUELING AN EMERGING 753 00:18:45,500 --> 00:18:46,066 DISEASE HAPPENED RIGHT HERE IN 754 00:18:46,133 --> 00:18:47,066 THE U.S., WHERE LYME DISEASE WAS 755 00:18:47,133 --> 00:18:48,600 FIRST IDENTIFIED IN CONNECTICUT 756 00:18:48,666 --> 00:18:49,400 IN THE 1980s, AND WAS DRIVEN BY 757 00:18:49,466 --> 00:18:52,333 SUBURBANIZATION. 758 00:18:52,400 --> 00:18:54,166 >> WHAT WE'VE FOUND IS THAT THE 759 00:18:54,233 --> 00:18:55,633 PROBABILITY THAT A TICK IS GOING 760 00:18:55,700 --> 00:18:57,600 TO ACQUIRE AN INFECTION WHEN IT 761 00:18:57,666 --> 00:18:59,633 FEEDS ON A WHITE FOOTED MOUSE IS 762 00:18:59,700 --> 00:19:01,533 ABOUT 90%. 763 00:19:01,600 --> 00:19:03,500 AS WE FRAGMENT THE LANDSCAPE, 764 00:19:03,566 --> 00:19:05,433 WE CHOP UP CONTINUOUS FOREST 765 00:19:05,500 --> 00:19:05,966 INTO LITTLE BITS, WE LOSE 766 00:19:06,033 --> 00:19:06,700 SPECIES. 767 00:19:06,766 --> 00:19:10,000 THEY DISAPPEAR. 768 00:19:10,066 --> 00:19:11,500 ONE OF THE LAST CREATURES IS 769 00:19:11,566 --> 00:19:14,433 THE WHITE FOOTED MOUSE. 770 00:19:14,500 --> 00:19:15,966 SO AS WE REDUCE DIVERSITY, WE'RE 771 00:19:16,033 --> 00:19:17,600 LOSING THE SPECIES THAT PROTECT 772 00:19:17,666 --> 00:19:18,700 US AND FAVORING THE ONES THAT 773 00:19:18,766 --> 00:19:19,100 MAKE US SICK. 774 00:19:19,166 --> 00:19:20,700 >> John: RIGHT. 775 00:19:20,766 --> 00:19:21,900 WE FRAGMENTED THE LANDSCAPE 776 00:19:21,966 --> 00:19:23,766 AND THAT DROVE OUT PREDATORS, 777 00:19:23,833 --> 00:19:24,800 LEAVING CREATURES LIKE 778 00:19:24,866 --> 00:19:26,300 WHITE-FOOTED MICE, WHO ARE THE 779 00:19:26,366 --> 00:19:27,866 MAIN CULPRITS WHEN IT COMES TO 780 00:19:27,933 --> 00:19:29,200 LYME DISEASE TRANSMISSION. 781 00:19:29,266 --> 00:19:31,966 AND YOU KNOW WHAT THAT MEANS: 782 00:19:32,033 --> 00:19:33,500 FUCK WHITE-FOOTED MICE. 783 00:19:33,566 --> 00:19:34,900 THEY CAN GO FUCK THEMSELVES. 784 00:19:34,966 --> 00:19:36,466 UNLIKE, OF COURSE, RATS, WHO CAN 785 00:19:36,533 --> 00:19:39,066 AND SHOULD GO FUCK EACH OTHER. 786 00:19:39,133 --> 00:19:39,900 BUT IT'S NOT JUST US MOVING 787 00:19:39,966 --> 00:19:40,933 CLOSER TO ANIMALS. 788 00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:42,433 IT'S THAT, MORE AND MORE, 789 00:19:42,500 --> 00:19:43,733 WE'RE BRINGING WILD ANIMALS INTO 790 00:19:43,800 --> 00:19:45,266 CONTACT WITH US THROUGH THE 791 00:19:45,333 --> 00:19:46,466 WILDLIFE TRADE. 792 00:19:46,533 --> 00:19:47,966 NOW SOMETIMES THAT TAKES THE 793 00:19:48,033 --> 00:19:49,333 FORM OF EXOTIC PETS, WHETHER 794 00:19:49,400 --> 00:19:51,166 IT'S WHEN PARIS HILTON GOT A 795 00:19:51,233 --> 00:19:53,366 KINKAJOU NAMED BABYLUV, OR THIS 796 00:19:53,433 --> 00:19:55,100 RANDOM BRITISH MAN'S EXTREMELY 797 00:19:55,166 --> 00:19:56,533 ILL-ADVISED ROOMMATE. 798 00:19:56,600 --> 00:19:58,933 >> AN ORDINARY STREET IN KENT 799 00:19:59,000 --> 00:20:00,833 AND A SUBURBAN SEMI WITH A 800 00:20:00,900 --> 00:20:01,766 NORMAL CONSERVATORY. 801 00:20:01,833 --> 00:20:03,500 BUT IT'S LICENSED FOR SOMETHING 802 00:20:03,566 --> 00:20:06,333 FAR FROM NORMAL. 803 00:20:06,400 --> 00:20:07,633 IS A CROCODILE A SUITABLE PET TO 804 00:20:07,700 --> 00:20:08,633 HAVE IN A SUBURBAN HOUSE LIKE 805 00:20:08,700 --> 00:20:10,266 THIS? 806 00:20:10,333 --> 00:20:14,733 >> HE'S VERY MELLOW. 807 00:20:14,800 --> 00:20:15,633 HE'S NOT THE SAME ANIMAL 808 00:20:15,700 --> 00:20:16,533 HE WOULD BE BECAUSE HE'S -- HE'S 809 00:20:16,600 --> 00:20:17,566 ADJUSTED, SHALL WE SAY, TO HUMAN 810 00:20:17,633 --> 00:20:18,033 LIFE. 811 00:20:18,100 --> 00:20:19,033 HAVING SOMETHING THAT NO ONE 812 00:20:19,100 --> 00:20:20,166 ELSE HAS GOT IS -- IS AN 813 00:20:20,233 --> 00:20:20,933 INTERESTING THING. 814 00:20:21,000 --> 00:20:23,066 >> John: I MEAN, SURE. 815 00:20:23,133 --> 00:20:24,766 I GUESS THAT'S TRUE. 816 00:20:24,833 --> 00:20:26,333 BUT EVEN IF YOU INSIST ON OWNING 817 00:20:26,400 --> 00:20:28,100 A WILD ANIMAL -- WHICH YOU 818 00:20:28,166 --> 00:20:29,466 REALLY SHOULDN'T -- WHY A 819 00:20:29,533 --> 00:20:29,933 CROCODILE? 820 00:20:30,000 --> 00:20:31,466 THEY'RE NOT REMOTELY CUDDLY. 821 00:20:31,533 --> 00:20:32,600 YOU'RE BASICALLY FLOODING YOUR 822 00:20:32,666 --> 00:20:34,200 BROOM CLOSET TO MAKE ROOM 823 00:20:34,266 --> 00:20:35,866 FOR A CARNIVOROUS SURFBOARD. 824 00:20:35,933 --> 00:20:38,000 THE ONLY ACCEPTABLE HUMAN USE 825 00:20:38,066 --> 00:20:40,066 FOR ANY CROCODILE OR ALLIGATOR 826 00:20:40,133 --> 00:20:41,766 IS AS THE STAR OF THE INTERNET'S 827 00:20:41,833 --> 00:20:43,266 GREATEST MUSIC VIDEO: 828 00:20:43,333 --> 00:20:45,033 ♪ IT'S FLAT FUCK FRIDAY ♪ 829 00:20:45,100 --> 00:20:49,366 ♪ YOU FUCKIN' LOSERS ♪ 830 00:20:49,433 --> 00:20:54,300 ♪ IT'S FLAT FUCK FRIDAY ♪ 831 00:20:54,366 --> 00:20:58,500 >> John: EXCELLENT. 832 00:20:58,566 --> 00:21:00,100 THAT IS EXCELLENT. 833 00:21:00,166 --> 00:21:03,333 THAT SONG IS CATCHIER THAN SARS 834 00:21:03,400 --> 00:21:04,366 IN A GOOD WAY. 835 00:21:04,433 --> 00:21:05,400 THE POINT IS, EXOTIC PET 836 00:21:05,466 --> 00:21:06,100 OWNERSHIP HAS CAUSED REAL 837 00:21:06,166 --> 00:21:06,933 PROBLEMS. 838 00:21:07,000 --> 00:21:08,000 IN 2003, 47 PEOPLE ACROSS SIX 839 00:21:08,066 --> 00:21:09,166 STATES CAUGHT MONKEYPOX -- 840 00:21:09,233 --> 00:21:10,033 WHICH HAD NEVER INFECTED HUMANS 841 00:21:10,100 --> 00:21:11,166 OUTSIDE OF AFRICA -- AFTER 842 00:21:11,233 --> 00:21:12,733 HAVING CONTACT WITH INFECTED 843 00:21:12,800 --> 00:21:14,933 PRAIRIE DOGS PURCHASED AS PETS. 844 00:21:15,000 --> 00:21:16,633 AND IN 2006, PARIS HILTON HAD TO 845 00:21:16,700 --> 00:21:17,833 GO TO THE HOSPITAL AFTER HER 846 00:21:17,900 --> 00:21:20,066 KINKAJOU BIT HER. 847 00:21:20,133 --> 00:21:21,600 AND IT'S HARD TO SAY WHICH WAS 848 00:21:21,666 --> 00:21:23,166 WORSE: A U.S. MONKEYPOX 849 00:21:23,233 --> 00:21:24,300 OUTBREAK, OR BABYLUV'S SHOCKING 850 00:21:24,366 --> 00:21:25,266 BETRAYAL. 851 00:21:25,333 --> 00:21:28,600 ET TU, KINKAJOU? 852 00:21:28,666 --> 00:21:29,933 BUT PERHAPS THE MOST FAMOUS WAY 853 00:21:30,000 --> 00:21:31,100 WILD ANIMALS CAN SPREAD DISEASE 854 00:21:31,166 --> 00:21:32,466 TO HUMANS IS WHEN THEY'RE SOLD 855 00:21:32,533 --> 00:21:33,466 FOR CONSUMPTION. 856 00:21:33,533 --> 00:21:37,300 AND THE PHRASE YOU'RE PROBABLY 857 00:21:37,366 --> 00:21:38,533 ALREADY THINKING OF RIGHT NOW IS 858 00:21:38,600 --> 00:21:39,466 "WET MARKETS." 859 00:21:39,533 --> 00:21:40,366 LIKE THE ONE IN WUHAN, WHICH MAY 860 00:21:40,433 --> 00:21:41,433 WELL HAVE BEEN THE BREAKOUT SITE 861 00:21:41,500 --> 00:21:43,166 OF COVID-19. 862 00:21:43,233 --> 00:21:44,533 AND YOU SHOULD KNOW: THE TERM 863 00:21:44,600 --> 00:21:45,900 "WET MARKET" IS USED INCREDIBLY 864 00:21:45,966 --> 00:21:48,166 BROADLY AND OFTEN INCORRECTLY. 865 00:21:48,233 --> 00:21:49,000 MANY WET MARKETS ARE ESSENTIALLY 866 00:21:49,066 --> 00:21:51,200 JUST PLACES WHERE FRESH MEAT, 867 00:21:51,266 --> 00:21:52,266 SEAFOOD, AND PRODUCE ARE SOLD, 868 00:21:52,333 --> 00:21:54,266 NOT UNLIKE A FARMER'S MARKET. 869 00:21:54,333 --> 00:21:55,266 AND THEY CAN BE KEY SOURCES OF 870 00:21:55,333 --> 00:21:57,566 FRESH, AFFORDABLE FOOD AROUND 871 00:21:57,633 --> 00:21:58,800 THE WORLD, ESPECIALLY IN 872 00:21:58,866 --> 00:22:00,266 DEVELOPING AREAS WHERE THERE 873 00:22:00,333 --> 00:22:01,366 ISN'T, Y'KNOW, A TRADER JOE'S 874 00:22:01,433 --> 00:22:03,366 THREE BLOCKS AWAY. 875 00:22:03,433 --> 00:22:05,400 HOWEVER, SOME OF THOSE MARKETS 876 00:22:05,466 --> 00:22:06,733 DO SELL WILDLIFE LIKE BATS AND 877 00:22:06,800 --> 00:22:08,866 SNAKES AND CONDITIONS IN SOME OF 878 00:22:08,933 --> 00:22:10,000 THOSE WILDLIFE MARKETS CAN BE 879 00:22:10,066 --> 00:22:13,366 IDEAL FOR DISEASE TRANSMISSION. 880 00:22:13,433 --> 00:22:17,100 >> SO HERE IN CAGES RIGHT NEXT 881 00:22:17,166 --> 00:22:18,866 TO EACH OTHER, WE'VE GOT ADULT 882 00:22:18,933 --> 00:22:20,300 RACCOONS NEXT TO CAPYBARA, 883 00:22:20,366 --> 00:22:22,033 WHICH IS FROM SOUTH AMERICA. 884 00:22:22,100 --> 00:22:22,833 THOSE ARE FROM NORTH AMERICA. 885 00:22:22,900 --> 00:22:23,766 CAGES RIGHT NEXT TO EACH OTHER. 886 00:22:23,833 --> 00:22:24,366 THIS IS THE BIGGEST RODENT IN 887 00:22:24,433 --> 00:22:32,000 THE WORLD. 888 00:22:32,066 --> 00:22:34,533 AND ON TOP OF HERE, I THINK -- 889 00:22:34,600 --> 00:22:35,033 MARMOSETS ON TOP OF THE 890 00:22:35,100 --> 00:22:37,066 CAPYBARA. 891 00:22:37,133 --> 00:22:37,833 >> WHAT WE JUST SAW HERE IS LIKE 892 00:22:37,900 --> 00:22:39,933 A BIOLOGICAL WARFARE LAB. 893 00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:41,633 ANY ONE ANIMAL CAN TRANSMIT 894 00:22:41,700 --> 00:22:43,066 A PATHOGEN TO ANOTHER, SOMEBODY 895 00:22:43,133 --> 00:22:44,500 BUYS IT, HANDLES IT, TAKES IT 896 00:22:44,566 --> 00:22:46,333 HOME AS A PET OR EATS IT. 897 00:22:46,400 --> 00:22:46,533 BOOM. 898 00:22:46,600 --> 00:22:48,833 WE HAVE ANOTHER PANDEMIC. 899 00:22:48,900 --> 00:22:50,633 >> John: RIGHT. 900 00:22:50,700 --> 00:22:51,800 WHEN WILD ANIMALS FROM DIFFERENT 901 00:22:51,866 --> 00:22:53,433 PARTS OF THE WORLD ARE HELD IN 902 00:22:53,500 --> 00:22:54,466 CLOSE PROXIMITY, WITH WEAKENED 903 00:22:54,533 --> 00:22:56,033 IMMUNE SYSTEMS DUE TO STRESS, 904 00:22:56,100 --> 00:22:57,900 PATHOGENS CAN EASILY JUMP FROM 905 00:22:57,966 --> 00:22:59,100 ONE SPECIES TO ANOTHER, AND 906 00:22:59,166 --> 00:23:00,700 POTENTIALLY TO HUMANS. 907 00:23:00,766 --> 00:23:02,466 WHICH SHOULD, AT THE VERY LEAST, 908 00:23:02,533 --> 00:23:04,433 MAKE YOU SERIOUSLY RETHINK YOUR 909 00:23:04,500 --> 00:23:07,200 ISLAND IN "ANIMAL CROSSING." 910 00:23:07,266 --> 00:23:08,500 YOU HONESTLY THINK IT'S STILL 911 00:23:08,566 --> 00:23:09,600 A GOOD IDEA TO LIVE IN CLOSE 912 00:23:09,666 --> 00:23:10,166 PROXIMITY WITH A RACCOON, 913 00:23:10,233 --> 00:23:11,300 AN OWL, A GORILLA, A TIGER, 914 00:23:11,366 --> 00:23:12,833 A SHEEP, A KOALA, AN OCTOPUS, 915 00:23:12,900 --> 00:23:16,000 A HAMSTER, A PENGUIN, A RHINO, 916 00:23:16,066 --> 00:23:17,700 AND A CHICKEN NAMED GOOSE, ALL 917 00:23:17,766 --> 00:23:18,566 OF WHOM TRAVELED THERE FROM 918 00:23:18,633 --> 00:23:20,266 DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE WORLD? 919 00:23:20,333 --> 00:23:22,066 THAT'S NOT AN ISLAND PARADISE -- 920 00:23:22,133 --> 00:23:22,700 IT'S A DISEASE CHERNOBYL WAITING 921 00:23:22,766 --> 00:23:25,300 TO HAPPEN. 922 00:23:25,366 --> 00:23:27,100 SHUT THAT SHIT DOWN! 923 00:23:27,166 --> 00:23:28,566 AND LISTEN, I KNOW IT DOESN'T 924 00:23:28,633 --> 00:23:30,066 SOUND GREAT WHENEVER SOMEONE, 925 00:23:30,133 --> 00:23:31,066 PARTICULARLY WITH THIS ACCENT, 926 00:23:31,133 --> 00:23:32,800 STARTS TUT-TUTTING ABOUT HOW 927 00:23:32,866 --> 00:23:33,900 PEOPLE IN OTHER COUNTRIES FEED 928 00:23:33,966 --> 00:23:35,766 THEMSELVES AND MAKE A LIVING. 929 00:23:35,833 --> 00:23:37,866 AND FOR WHAT IT'S WORTH, BEFORE 930 00:23:37,933 --> 00:23:40,133 WE GO TELL EVERYONE ELSE WHAT TO 931 00:23:40,200 --> 00:23:41,866 DO, WE MIGHT WANT TO ACKNOWLEDGE 932 00:23:41,933 --> 00:23:42,800 THAT OUR TRACK RECORD ON MIXING 933 00:23:42,866 --> 00:23:45,733 ANIMALS ISN'T GREAT, EITHER. 934 00:23:45,800 --> 00:23:46,700 ONE EXPERT THAT WE SPOKE TO SAID 935 00:23:46,766 --> 00:23:47,566 A MAJOR CONCERN OF THEIRS IS 936 00:23:47,633 --> 00:23:50,400 STATE FAIRS. 937 00:23:50,466 --> 00:23:51,266 WHICH DOES KIND OF MAKE SENSE. 938 00:23:51,333 --> 00:23:52,533 STATE AND AGRICULTURAL FAIRS 939 00:23:52,600 --> 00:23:53,333 HAVE BEEN LINKED TO MULTIPLE 940 00:23:53,400 --> 00:23:54,833 DISEASE OUTBREAKS, WITH ONE 941 00:23:54,900 --> 00:23:57,700 IN 2012 THAT INFECTED OVER 942 00:23:57,766 --> 00:24:01,000 300 PEOPLE -- MOSTLY CHILDREN -- 943 00:24:01,066 --> 00:24:02,266 ACROSS 10 STATES. 944 00:24:02,333 --> 00:24:02,933 THAT PROBABLY EXPLAINS WHY 945 00:24:03,000 --> 00:24:03,833 FAIRGOERS HAVE BEEN 946 00:24:03,900 --> 00:24:04,833 REPEATEDLY WARNED, 947 00:24:04,900 --> 00:24:06,100 "NO KISSING PIGS!" 948 00:24:06,166 --> 00:24:08,666 AND LOOK, IT'S EASY TO THINK, 949 00:24:08,733 --> 00:24:09,900 "COME ON, I'D NEVER KISS A PIG," 950 00:24:09,966 --> 00:24:10,900 BUT ARE YOU SURE ABOUT THAT? 951 00:24:10,966 --> 00:24:11,866 WHAT ABOUT THIS ONE? 952 00:24:11,933 --> 00:24:12,700 NOT YOU'RE SO SURE NOW, ARE YOU? 953 00:24:12,766 --> 00:24:14,500 WHAT ABOUT THIS ONE RIGHT HERE? 954 00:24:14,566 --> 00:24:15,800 NOW YOU'RE EVEN MORE CONFUSED. 955 00:24:15,866 --> 00:24:20,366 AND HOW ABOUT THIS PIG? 956 00:24:20,433 --> 00:24:23,366 EXACTLY, I THOUGHT SO. 957 00:24:23,433 --> 00:24:24,933 I'VE GOT GREAT NEWS: THIS HOT 958 00:24:25,000 --> 00:24:26,700 LITTLE PORK CHOP'S BEEN WATCHING 959 00:24:26,766 --> 00:24:27,266 YOU FROM ACROSS THE BAR ALL 960 00:24:27,333 --> 00:24:27,833 NIGHT. 961 00:24:27,900 --> 00:24:28,533 IT IS DOWN FOR SOME STUFF. 962 00:24:28,600 --> 00:24:29,500 AND AMERICA'S ACTUALLY 963 00:24:29,566 --> 00:24:30,533 GROUND ZERO FOR ANOTHER 964 00:24:30,600 --> 00:24:31,066 DANGEROUS PRACTICE: 965 00:24:31,133 --> 00:24:31,900 FACTORY FARMING. 966 00:24:31,966 --> 00:24:34,533 IT'S SOMETHING THAT STARTED 967 00:24:34,600 --> 00:24:35,400 HERE, BUT HAS SINCE SKYROCKETED 968 00:24:35,466 --> 00:24:36,466 AROUND THE WORLD, TO THE POINT 969 00:24:36,533 --> 00:24:37,366 THAT FACTORY FARMS NOW SUPPLY 970 00:24:37,433 --> 00:24:40,200 MORE THAN 90% OF MEAT GLOBALLY 971 00:24:40,266 --> 00:24:43,000 AND 99% OF MEAT DOMESTICALLY. 972 00:24:43,066 --> 00:24:44,200 IN FACTORY FARMS, LIVESTOCK ARE 973 00:24:44,266 --> 00:24:47,066 BRED AND CONFINED IN WAYS THAT 974 00:24:47,133 --> 00:24:47,633 CAN ENABLE VIRUSES TO SPREAD 975 00:24:47,700 --> 00:24:49,166 AMONG THEM MUCH MORE EASILY. 976 00:24:49,233 --> 00:24:51,166 >> WE HAVE SEVERAL THOUSAND HOGS 977 00:24:51,233 --> 00:24:53,066 PACKED IN TOGETHER AND THEY'RE 978 00:24:53,133 --> 00:24:54,000 ALL GENETICALLY LARGELY THE 979 00:24:54,066 --> 00:24:54,800 SAME. 980 00:24:54,866 --> 00:24:56,233 THAT SELECTS FOR THE MOST 981 00:24:56,300 --> 00:24:57,266 VIRULENT PATHOGENS THAT ARE 982 00:24:57,333 --> 00:24:58,466 POSSIBLE. 983 00:24:58,533 --> 00:24:59,966 AND SO, IN THE COURSE OF 984 00:25:00,033 --> 00:25:01,066 INDUSTRIALIZING LIVESTOCK 985 00:25:01,133 --> 00:25:03,133 PRODUCTION, WE ARE ALSO 986 00:25:03,200 --> 00:25:05,466 INDUSTRIALIZING THE PATHOGENS 987 00:25:05,533 --> 00:25:06,600 THAT CIRCULATE AMONG THEM. 988 00:25:06,666 --> 00:25:08,133 >> John: EXACTLY. 989 00:25:08,200 --> 00:25:09,766 I KNOW IT'S HARD TO BELIEVE, 990 00:25:09,833 --> 00:25:10,766 BUT THE COLD, MECHANIZED 991 00:25:10,833 --> 00:25:11,966 FACTORIES THAT CRAM ANIMALS 992 00:25:12,033 --> 00:25:12,900 TOGETHER BEFORE STAMPING THEIR 993 00:25:12,966 --> 00:25:14,200 FLESH INTO PLASTIC MEAT-MOLDS 994 00:25:14,266 --> 00:25:15,133 AND EJECTING THE OUTCOME INTO 995 00:25:15,200 --> 00:25:16,400 SUPERMARKET FREEZER SECTIONS 996 00:25:16,466 --> 00:25:17,566 ACROSS THE NATION MIGHT BE DOING 997 00:25:17,633 --> 00:25:23,033 SOMETHING BAD. 998 00:25:23,100 --> 00:25:24,433 AND WHEN YOU PUT ALL OF THIS 999 00:25:24,500 --> 00:25:25,333 TOGETHER, IT DOES BEGIN TO SEEM 1000 00:25:25,400 --> 00:25:26,300 LIKE WE'RE ACTIVELY TRYING TO 1001 00:25:26,366 --> 00:25:27,100 START PANDEMICS. 1002 00:25:27,166 --> 00:25:28,266 WHICH BRINGS US TO THE OBVIOUS 1003 00:25:28,333 --> 00:25:28,966 QUESTION: HOW DO WE STOP DOING 1004 00:25:29,033 --> 00:25:31,066 THAT? 1005 00:25:31,133 --> 00:25:32,433 WELL, THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY 1006 00:25:32,500 --> 00:25:33,366 WOULD BE TO CLOSE DOWN ALL 1007 00:25:33,433 --> 00:25:34,033 WILDLIFE MARKETS, 1008 00:25:34,100 --> 00:25:37,166 BAN FACTORY FARMING, 1009 00:25:37,233 --> 00:25:38,233 STOP EATING MEAT ALTOGETHER, 1010 00:25:38,300 --> 00:25:39,266 HALT DEFORESTATION, SHUT DOWN 1011 00:25:39,333 --> 00:25:40,366 ALL STATE FAIRS, AND DEFINITELY 1012 00:25:40,433 --> 00:25:41,400 TAKE AWAY PARIS HILTON'S 1013 00:25:41,466 --> 00:25:42,333 KINKAJOU. 1014 00:25:42,400 --> 00:25:43,166 BUT OBVIOUSLY, NONE OF THOSE ARE 1015 00:25:43,233 --> 00:25:44,500 GOING TO HAPPEN. 1016 00:25:44,566 --> 00:25:45,500 FOR ONE THING, WE KNOW THAT 1017 00:25:45,566 --> 00:25:47,566 KINKAJOU BITES. 1018 00:25:47,633 --> 00:25:49,300 BUT ALSO, DRACONIAN MEASURES ARE 1019 00:25:49,366 --> 00:25:50,433 JUST NOT GOING TO WORK HERE. 1020 00:25:50,500 --> 00:25:52,000 FOR INSTANCE, IF YOU ABOLISH 1021 00:25:52,066 --> 00:25:54,133 WILDLIFE MARKETS, THAT COULD 1022 00:25:54,200 --> 00:25:55,600 CAUSE FOOD SCARCITY, AND WOULD 1023 00:25:55,666 --> 00:25:56,866 LIKELY JUST LEAD TO AN EXPLOSION 1024 00:25:56,933 --> 00:25:57,600 IN BLACK MARKET TRADE OF 1025 00:25:57,666 --> 00:25:58,466 WILD ANIMALS. 1026 00:25:58,533 --> 00:26:00,333 THE REASON WE KNOW THAT IS, 1027 00:26:00,400 --> 00:26:01,700 THAT'S REPORTEDLY WHAT HAPPENED 1028 00:26:01,766 --> 00:26:03,166 WHEN CHINA ATTEMPTED JUST SUCH 1029 00:26:03,233 --> 00:26:04,533 A BAN IN 2003, IN RESPONSE TO 1030 00:26:04,600 --> 00:26:05,766 SARS. 1031 00:26:05,833 --> 00:26:06,800 WHICH IS NOT TO SAY THAT WE 1032 00:26:06,866 --> 00:26:08,300 SHOULDN'T TRY TO REDUCE HARMFUL 1033 00:26:08,366 --> 00:26:11,333 PRACTICES -- BECAUSE WE SHOULD. 1034 00:26:11,400 --> 00:26:13,333 MANY EXPERTS ARGUE FOR WHAT'S 1035 00:26:13,400 --> 00:26:16,400 CALLED A "ONE HEALTH" 1036 00:26:16,466 --> 00:26:20,166 PERSPECTIVE, WHERE WE 1037 00:26:20,233 --> 00:26:22,766 RECOGNIZE THAT THE HEALTH OF 1038 00:26:22,833 --> 00:26:24,733 HUMANS, ANIMALS, ENVIRONMENT, 1039 00:26:24,800 --> 00:26:26,633 ARE ALL CONNECTED, AND TAKE THAT 1040 00:26:26,700 --> 00:26:26,933 INTO ACCOUNT 1041 00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:27,533 WHEN MAKING 1042 00:26:27,600 --> 00:26:28,666 DECISIONS ON EVERYTHING FROM 1043 00:26:28,733 --> 00:26:29,233 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS TO 1044 00:26:29,300 --> 00:26:30,066 URBAN PLANNING. 1045 00:26:30,133 --> 00:26:31,566 AND THERE ARE GOING TO NEED TO 1046 00:26:31,633 --> 00:26:32,300 BE LOTS OF SMALLER SOLUTIONS, 1047 00:26:32,366 --> 00:26:33,300 TOO, WHICH WILL LOOK DIFFERENT 1048 00:26:33,366 --> 00:26:33,966 EVERYWHERE, BECAUSE, CRUCIALLY, 1049 00:26:34,033 --> 00:26:34,933 EVERYWHERE IS DIFFERENT. 1050 00:26:35,000 --> 00:26:36,066 TAKE THAILAND. 1051 00:26:36,133 --> 00:26:37,066 THEY'VE HAD SOME REAL SUCCESS 1052 00:26:37,133 --> 00:26:38,366 IN PREVENTING OUTBREAKS THERE BY 1053 00:26:38,433 --> 00:26:39,200 PROVIDING FARMERS WITH 1054 00:26:39,266 --> 00:26:40,033 A PHONE APP TO FLAG ANY PROBLEMS 1055 00:26:40,100 --> 00:26:41,933 THAT THEY SEE. 1056 00:26:42,033 --> 00:26:44,333 >> IT'S SIMILAR TO A POOR MAN'S 1057 00:26:44,400 --> 00:26:46,433 INSTAGRAM WITHOUT ANY FILTERS, 1058 00:26:46,500 --> 00:26:50,233 THAT HELPS THE VOLUNTEERS IN THE 1059 00:26:50,300 --> 00:26:51,666 VILLAGE TO SUBMIT ABNORMAL 1060 00:26:51,733 --> 00:26:54,466 HEALTH EVENTS IN REAL TIME. 1061 00:26:54,533 --> 00:26:56,433 >> YOU COULDN'T TRAIN EVERYONE 1062 00:26:56,500 --> 00:26:58,333 TO BE A HEALTH EXPERT BUT YOU 1063 00:26:58,400 --> 00:26:59,066 CAN TRAIN EVERYONE TO BE EYES 1064 00:26:59,133 --> 00:27:03,800 AND EARS. 1065 00:27:03,866 --> 00:27:04,966 >> John: THAT'S VERY CLEVER. 1066 00:27:05,033 --> 00:27:05,866 BECAUSE WITH THAT APP, FARMERS 1067 00:27:05,933 --> 00:27:06,666 THERE HAVE A WAY TO SPOT A 1068 00:27:06,733 --> 00:27:07,733 POSSIBLY SICK BIRD THAT COULD 1069 00:27:07,800 --> 00:27:10,133 INFORM BROADER PUBLIC POLICY. 1070 00:27:10,200 --> 00:27:12,200 WHICH ISN'T JUST EFFECTIVE 1071 00:27:12,266 --> 00:27:14,866 DISEASE PREVENTION, IT WAS ALSO 1072 00:27:14,933 --> 00:27:16,200 INTERESTINGLY THE WORKING TITLE 1073 00:27:16,266 --> 00:27:16,966 OF THIS SHOW. 1074 00:27:17,033 --> 00:27:17,766 THAT SCHEME HAS BEEN A SUCCESS, 1075 00:27:17,833 --> 00:27:18,733 PARTLY BECAUSE IT PRESERVES 1076 00:27:18,800 --> 00:27:19,900 PEOPLE'S LIVELIHOODS, AND ALIGNS 1077 00:27:19,966 --> 00:27:21,333 FARMERS' INTERESTS WITH THOSE OF 1078 00:27:21,400 --> 00:27:24,966 THEIR LARGER COMMUNITY. 1079 00:27:25,033 --> 00:27:26,933 AND THERE WILL BE THOUSANDS OF 1080 00:27:27,000 --> 00:27:27,700 SMALL IDEAS LIKE THAT, THAT 1081 00:27:27,766 --> 00:27:28,533 COULD END UP MAKING A REAL 1082 00:27:28,600 --> 00:27:29,400 DIFFERENCE. 1083 00:27:29,466 --> 00:27:30,700 AND LOOK, THERE'S NO DENYING 1084 00:27:30,766 --> 00:27:31,866 ALL OF THIS IS GOING TO COST 1085 00:27:31,933 --> 00:27:32,366 MONEY. 1086 00:27:32,433 --> 00:27:33,500 AND UNFORTUNATELY, SOME 1087 00:27:33,566 --> 00:27:34,433 SCIENTISTS DOUBT OUR APPETITE 1088 00:27:34,500 --> 00:27:36,133 FOR LONG-TERM SPENDING ON THIS. 1089 00:27:36,200 --> 00:27:39,533 JUST LISTEN TO THIS RESEARCHER 1090 00:27:39,600 --> 00:27:41,533 IN BRAZIL MAKE THAT EXACT POINT, 1091 00:27:41,600 --> 00:27:42,266 WHILE TAKING SAMPLES FROM BATS. 1092 00:27:42,333 --> 00:27:43,733 >> IT'S EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO 1093 00:27:43,800 --> 00:27:44,933 GET FUNDING FOR OUR KIND OF 1094 00:27:45,000 --> 00:27:47,300 RESEARCH. 1095 00:27:47,366 --> 00:27:48,500 NOW, DURING THE PANDEMIC, IT HAS 1096 00:27:48,566 --> 00:27:52,466 BEEN A LITTLE EASIER. 1097 00:27:52,533 --> 00:27:55,200 BUT AS SOON AS THE VIRUS CRISIS 1098 00:27:55,266 --> 00:27:56,533 IS OVER, OUR FINANCIAL WORRIES 1099 00:27:56,600 --> 00:27:58,700 WILL RETURN. 1100 00:27:58,766 --> 00:28:00,400 I'M NOT VERY OPTIMISTIC. 1101 00:28:00,466 --> 00:28:05,033 >> John: YEAH, THAT'S NOT GREAT. 1102 00:28:05,100 --> 00:28:06,366 "I'M NOT VERY OPTIMISTIC" ISN'T 1103 00:28:06,433 --> 00:28:07,733 WHAT YOU WANT TO HEAR FROM 1104 00:28:07,800 --> 00:28:08,500 SOMEONE SCRAPING GERMS OUT OF A 1105 00:28:08,566 --> 00:28:08,966 BAT. 1106 00:28:09,033 --> 00:28:10,533 THAT'S A WOMAN WHO LITERALLY 1107 00:28:10,600 --> 00:28:11,300 KNOWS HER SHIT. 1108 00:28:11,366 --> 00:28:12,700 SO WE NEED TO SPEND HOWEVER MUCH 1109 00:28:12,766 --> 00:28:13,600 IS NECESSARY TO CHANGE HER 1110 00:28:13,666 --> 00:28:17,966 ANSWER. 1111 00:28:18,033 --> 00:28:19,433 AND I'M NOT SAYING THIS WILL BE 1112 00:28:19,500 --> 00:28:20,633 CHEAP; ONE ESTIMATE FOR THE 1113 00:28:20,700 --> 00:28:21,366 COST OF GLOBAL PREVENTION RUNS 1114 00:28:21,433 --> 00:28:22,300 BETWEEN $22 AND $31 BILLION 1115 00:28:22,366 --> 00:28:23,066 A YEAR. 1116 00:28:23,133 --> 00:28:26,600 BUT BEAR IN MIND, 1117 00:28:26,666 --> 00:28:27,966 EVEN IF IT WAS DOUBLE THAT, 1118 00:28:28,033 --> 00:28:29,100 THE COST OF COVID-19 IN THE U.S. 1119 00:28:29,166 --> 00:28:30,066 ALONE IS ESTIMATED TO BE OVER 1120 00:28:30,133 --> 00:28:31,500 $16 TRILLION. 1121 00:28:31,566 --> 00:28:33,133 SO, TO PUT IT MILDLY, IT'S 1122 00:28:33,200 --> 00:28:34,566 FUCKING WORTH IT. 1123 00:28:34,633 --> 00:28:36,433 AND I KNOW, RIGHT NOW, THAT 1124 00:28:36,500 --> 00:28:38,600 MIGHT SEEM OBVIOUS. 1125 00:28:38,666 --> 00:28:40,233 THE PROBLEM IS, AS WE COME OUT 1126 00:28:40,300 --> 00:28:42,533 THE OTHER SIDE OF THIS PANDEMIC, 1127 00:28:42,600 --> 00:28:43,833 THERE IS A REAL DANGER THAT 1128 00:28:43,900 --> 00:28:45,233 WE'RE GOING TO START TO GET 1129 00:28:45,300 --> 00:28:45,533 COMPLACENT. 1130 00:28:45,600 --> 00:28:46,400 SO FOR THE GOOD OF FUTURE 1131 00:28:46,466 --> 00:28:47,433 GENERATIONS -- AND IN ALL 1132 00:28:47,500 --> 00:28:49,866 LIKELIHOOD, US IN A FEW YEARS -- 1133 00:28:49,933 --> 00:28:51,466 WE REALLY NEED TO REMEMBER THE 1134 00:28:51,533 --> 00:28:53,466 WAY WE FEEL RIGHT NOW AND INVEST 1135 00:28:53,533 --> 00:28:54,233 ACCORDINGLY. 1136 00:28:54,300 --> 00:28:55,600 BECAUSE THE TRUTH IS, YOU NEVER 1137 00:28:55,666 --> 00:28:57,766 KNOW WHERE THE NEXT PANDEMIC IS 1138 00:28:57,833 --> 00:28:58,266 GOING TO COME FROM. 1139 00:28:58,333 --> 00:28:59,266 >> HEY, Y'ALL! 1140 00:28:59,333 --> 00:29:00,266 REMEMBER ME? 1141 00:29:00,333 --> 00:29:01,733 I'M BACK! 1142 00:29:01,800 --> 00:29:03,266 AND I'M GONNA DO WHAT THE 1143 00:29:03,333 --> 00:29:05,266 CORONAVIRUS COULDN'T: 1144 00:29:05,333 --> 00:29:06,966 I'M GONNA KILL TOM HANKS! 1145 00:29:07,033 --> 00:29:08,200 >> John: PLEASE DON'T DO THAT, 1146 00:29:08,266 --> 00:29:08,933 VIRUS! 1147 00:29:09,000 --> 00:29:10,466 >> RITA WILSON, TOO! 1148 00:29:10,533 --> 00:29:11,633 THEY'RE GONNA CALL ME OLIVER'S 1149 00:29:11,700 --> 00:29:13,400 PLAGUE! 1150 00:29:13,466 --> 00:29:14,666 >> John: I REALLY DON'T WANT YOU 1151 00:29:14,733 --> 00:29:16,200 TO BE CALLED THAT. 1152 00:29:16,266 --> 00:29:16,966 >> OH, I THINK IT'S GOT A RING 1153 00:29:17,033 --> 00:29:19,400 TO IT! 1154 00:29:19,466 --> 00:29:22,100 >> John: I ABSOLUTELY DON'T. 1155 00:29:22,166 --> 00:29:22,866 THE POINT IS, WE HAVE GOT TO 1156 00:29:22,933 --> 00:29:23,566 REMEMBER THIS FEELING. 1157 00:29:23,633 --> 00:29:24,033 IT'S OUR ONLY HOPE. 1158 00:29:24,100 --> 00:29:25,866 THAT'S OUR SHOW. 1159 00:29:25,933 --> 00:29:26,700 THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR WATCHING, 1160 00:29:26,766 --> 00:29:27,333 WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT WEEK, 1161 00:29:27,400 --> 00:29:29,933 GOOD NIGHT. 1162 00:29:30,000 --> 00:29:31,000 >> OOH, JOHN, DO YOU THINK A 1163 00:29:31,066 --> 00:29:31,800 BUNCH OF CELEBRITIES WILL MAKE 1164 00:29:31,866 --> 00:29:32,666 A VIDEO OF THEMSELVES SINGING 1165 00:29:32,733 --> 00:29:33,266 "IMAGINE" WHEN I FIRST BREAK 1166 00:29:33,333 --> 00:29:37,733 OUT? 1167 00:29:37,800 --> 00:29:38,233 >> John: PROBABLY, TO BE 1168 00:29:38,300 --> 00:29:40,033 HONEST. 1169 00:29:40,100 --> 00:29:43,833 >> I'VE GOT A SURPRISE FOR YOU! 1170 00:29:43,900 --> 00:29:44,300 >> John: WHAT IS YOUR 1171 00:29:44,366 --> 00:29:45,433 SURPRISE? 1172 00:29:45,500 --> 00:29:49,100 >> I CAN SPREAD THROUGH ZOOM! 1173 00:29:49,166 --> 00:29:50,700 >> John: HOW CAN YOU SPREAD 1174 00:29:50,766 --> 00:29:51,100 THROUGH ZOOM? 1175 00:29:51,166 --> 00:29:52,166 >> NATURE'S FULL OF MIRACLES! 1176 00:29:52,233 --> 00:29:53,033 NOW, IF YOU'LL EXCUSE ME, 1177 00:29:53,100 --> 00:29:53,766 I'M GOIN' TO DISNEYWORLD! 1178 00:29:53,833 --> 00:29:54,833 I'M GONNA GIVE EVERYONE BLOODY