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GATES: I'm
Henry Louis Gates, Jr.

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Welcome to
Finding Your Roots.

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In this episode,
we'll meet actors

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David Duchovny and Richard Kind;

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two men who are about to
hear the long-forgotten stories

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of their Jewish ancestors.

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DUCHOVNY: I always just
thought it was luck, you know.

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In my mind, it was like,
oh, they were lucky to have

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gotten out before
the Holocaust, that was it.

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GATES: Yeah.

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DUCHOVNY: But now, I think
it's more, they were smart.

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GATES: Richard, according
to his death certificate,

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Hyman was murdered.

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KIND: He was murdered.

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GATES: No talk of
this in your family?

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KIND: None!

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GATES: To uncover their roots,
we've used every tool available.

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Genealogists combed
through the paper trail

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their ancestors left behind,

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while DNA experts
utilized the latest advances

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in genetic analysis to reveal
secrets hundreds of years old.

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And we've compiled
everything into a book of life.

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A record of all
of our discoveries.

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KIND: Well, ain't there
a skeleton in my closet, huh?

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GATES: And a window
into the hidden past.

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DUCHOVNY: Oh, man.

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We heard myths, we heard
stories that it might be

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like this, but we never knew.

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KIND: I'm learning,
in name, where I came from.

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GATES: David and Richard grew
up knowing that their roots

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trace back to Jewish
communities in Eastern Europe.

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But that's about
all that they knew,

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because when their
families immigrated,

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a great deal of
history was lost, destroyed,

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or willfully obscured.

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In this episode,
we'll recover that history,

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introducing my guests to
ancestors with whom they share

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much more than a
religious faith.

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(theme music playing).

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♪ ♪

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(book closes)

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♪ ♪

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GATES:
David Duchovny has an act.

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Since 1993, when he
came to fame on
The X-Files,

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he's played an
array of brooding,

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cerebral characters.

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But beneath his cool exterior
lies a restless spirit;

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a man who's been re-inventing
himself his entire life.

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David grew up in Manhattan,

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where his mother
was a school teacher and

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his father an aspiring writer.

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As a child, he dreamed of
being a professional athlete,

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before setting out to
follow in his parents footsteps.

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At first he succeeded wildly.

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After majoring in
English at Princeton,

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David found himself in
a PhD program at Yale,

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on track to be a professor.

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But then he
changed course once more,

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essentially on a whim.

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DUCHOVNY: I had written poetry
and I had written some prose and

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I was 22, 23 years old,
and I was just thinking,

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"Well, this is a, this
is a lonely existence."

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GATES: Hmmm.

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DUCHOVNY: And I, I wasn't
a loner, I wasn't an...

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I isolate to a certain degree,

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but I wasn't an
isolated individual,

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and I wanted to,
just like with sports,

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I wanted to play
with other people.

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GATES: Mm-hmm.

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DUCHOVNY: I
wanted to collaborate,

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and I wanted to
pass the ball around,

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I didn't want to
just to have the ball.

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GATES: Right.

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DUCHOVNY: So, plays, "Oh,
maybe I should write plays."

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GATES: Mm-hmm.
DUCHOVNY: And then, I thought,

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"Well, if I'm
going to write plays,

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I should probably learn
something about acting."

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I mean, if I'm going to
write words for an actor to say,

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"I should know what
that's like," so I just...

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There's so many productions,
as you know,

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going on around
Yale at all times.

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GATES: Yeah, it's
a great theater...

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DUCHOVNY: They need bodies.
GATES: Yeah.

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DUCHOVNY: I was just a body.

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It was like,
"Oh yeah, this one line,

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go over here and do that,"

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you know, so
that's how I started.

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GATES: What did your parents say
when you told them that you were

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not going to get a PhD,
you were going to act?

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DUCHOVNY: Yeah. Well,
my father, my father was fine.

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My father never
really put that much,

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the hope or stock,
into me being an academic.

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My father was a
pretty bohemian dude.

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GATES: Mm-hmm.

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DUCHOVNY: But my mother
was mortified completely, uh,

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wanted me to finish my PhD,
still wants me to finish my PhD,

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and it's no joke to me, I mean,

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every time I go
over there, she's, she'll say,

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"What are you doing?
You could have a PhD!"

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GATES: Right.

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Fortunately, David's
mother was unable to deter him.

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A year after
dropping out of Yale,

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he landed a bit part in
Mike Nichols',
Working Girl,

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and a flood of
larger roles quickly followed.

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Even so, David
remained a questioning soul.

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Indeed, when he first saw
the script for
The X-Files,

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he wasn't sure it
was right for him.

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DUCHOVNY: I was like,
I was a young actor,

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I was like, "I'm
not going to do TV,

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I'm going to be a
movie actor," and uh...

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GATES: Mm-hmm. "I'm an actor."
DUCHOVNY: Yes, exactly.

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Yeah. So that, that was
my point of view, and I...

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This, this, this
script came along,

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and I thought it
was really good,

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but I also thought it has
no legs, I mean, it's about...

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It's about aliens.

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GATES: Right.

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DUCHOVNY: And so, I'm
not interested in that,

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nobody's interested
in that, so I thought,

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"Okay, this is perfect, I'll...

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If I get this job, I can shoot
this very interesting pilot,

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and then it will, I'll get paid,

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and it will, and I'll
go on to do my movies."

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GATES: Wrong.

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(laughter).

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GATES:
The X-Files, 

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of course,
would become a sensation,

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one of the most celebrated
shows in television history.

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And David's compelling character
was a huge part of its success.

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But David didn't let
the role define him.

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To the contrary; he continued
to follow his own path,

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branching out from acting to
writing novels and screenplays,

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directing a film.

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And even releasing three
albums as a singer/songwriter.

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And now, after more than
three decades in the limelight,

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David is at ease with
his multifaceted career,

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even if he, and his mother,

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still wrestle with
what it all means.

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DUCHOVNY: I think I
asked her, at one point,

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back when tabloids existed,
you know, at the supermarket...

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GATES: Mm-hmm.

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DUCHOVNY: And, uh,
I said, you know,

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"What do you think when
you see me on those, you know,

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you're checking
out at the grocery

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and there's, you know, me,

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and whatever they're
saying about me, that day,"

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and uh, she said,
"I just think it's weird,

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I just think that's my David,

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you know, I don't, I don't...

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It doesn't, it's
not the same thing."

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GATES: Yeah.

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DUCHOVNY: And in a way,
that's what it's like when you,

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when you first get
that kind of, uh, fame,

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it's like there's two parts...

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There's two separate identities.

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GATES: Mm-hmm.

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DUCHOVNY: There's the one that
people own and think they know,

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and then there's the you
who you've been since you came

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into consciousness,
which doesn't really change.

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GATES: My second
guest is Richard Kind,

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famed for his roles
on
Curb Your Enthusiasm,

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Big Mouth, 

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and
A Serious Man.

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With his unforgettable voice,

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and ability to
inhabit almost any character,

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Richard seems
as if he were born to act.

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But appearances are deceiving.

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Richard was actually born for
something far more conventional.

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He grew up in
suburban New Jersey,

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where his father
and his grandfather had

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run jewelry stores for decades.

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So Richard's path was
all laid out for him,

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until a teacher noticed that
his true talents lay elsewhere.

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KIND: I was being raised
to have a jewelry store,

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two-and-a-half kids,
join the country club...

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GATES: Right.
KIND: Da-dah-dah-dah-dah.

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Now, what got me into acting...

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When I was in fifth grade,
the movie
Oliver! 
had come out.

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GATES: Mm-hmm.

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KIND: And we were looking
through a list of what the,

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the kids' plays were for school.

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And I asked, "Let's do
Oliver!"

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And he made me Fagin.

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GATES: Oh, wow!
KIND: And I sang,

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♪ In this life,
one thing counts, ♪

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♪ in the bank,
large amounts. ♪♪

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And that's when I
wanted to be an actor.

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GATES: This realization
would change Richard,

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and his family, forever.

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By the time he was a teenager,
he was obsessed with Broadway

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and had developed a highly
unusual theater-going routine,

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with more than a little
help from his parents.

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KIND: I acclimated
myself to taking the train

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from Trenton, New Jersey.

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My mom would drop me off at
the station at around 11:00.

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I would get into Penn station.

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I'd go to TKTS, buy
a half-price ticket,

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go see a matinee.

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Then in-between the
matinee and the evening,

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I would go to Nathan's for
two hot dogs and French fries.

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I would go to
the Drama bookstore.

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And I would go to
Sam Goody to look at records.

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And then I'd go
to a play at night.

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GATES: Oh my God.

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KIND: And then
take the train home.

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GATES: Alone?
KIND: Quite often, alone.

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Very often alone.

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GATES: You know, now we
think of kids getting kidnapped,

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00:09:35,709 --> 00:09:37,076
and we wouldn't ever let a...

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KIND: Oh, no, yeah.

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GATES: Young child
do that, you know?

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00:09:39,676 --> 00:09:41,076
KIND: Oh, no I, I, its...

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00:09:41,076 --> 00:09:42,109
I lived for it.

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GATES: That's great.
KIND: Yeah.

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GATES: You were lucky.
KIND: It was fantastic.

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GATES: Richard's dedication
paid off in a big way.

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00:09:49,309 --> 00:09:51,509
After college, and a stint with

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00:09:51,509 --> 00:09:54,143
the legendary
Second City comedy troupe,

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he was cast in the
hit sitcom,
Mad About You.

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00:09:58,509 --> 00:10:02,276
Leading to a prime role
in another hit,
Spin City.

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00:10:03,109 --> 00:10:06,409
Since then, Richard has been one
of the great character actors of

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our time, moving effortlessly
between stage and screen,

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comedy and drama.

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But despite all
he's accomplished,

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Richard has never lost
his youthful enthusiasm for

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his craft; he
simply loves what he does,

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00:10:23,676 --> 00:10:26,109
and he's carefully
managed his career to

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00:10:26,109 --> 00:10:28,776
make the most of that passion.

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KIND: When I was on 
Spin City, 

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everybody said,

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"Oh, you'll be the
breakout character."

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00:10:34,809 --> 00:10:36,009
GATES: Mm-hmm.

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00:10:36,009 --> 00:10:37,643
KIND: I didn't want to
be a breakout character.

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00:10:37,643 --> 00:10:39,243
Then I'd be known
for that character.

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GATES: Mm-hmm.

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KIND: When I was kid,
Carroll O'Connor said,

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00:10:42,009 --> 00:10:43,376
"Well, you know, I'm
not just Archie Bunker."

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00:10:43,376 --> 00:10:44,676
GATES: Mm-hmm.
KIND: Sorry.

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GATES: You are Archie Bunker.
KIND: You are.

240
00:10:45,943 --> 00:10:47,076
GATES: Right.

241
00:10:47,076 --> 00:10:48,643
KIND: I know you played
a sheriff on a TV show.

242
00:10:48,643 --> 00:10:49,676
GATES: Right.

243
00:10:49,676 --> 00:10:50,943
KIND: I know you
did other movies.

244
00:10:50,943 --> 00:10:52,309
GATES: Mm-hmm.
KIND: You're Archie.

245
00:10:52,309 --> 00:10:53,709
GATES: Right.
KIND: I never want to do that.

246
00:10:53,709 --> 00:10:55,609
I want to go from this,
to this, to this, to this.

247
00:10:55,609 --> 00:10:57,543
And, if you walk
down the street with me,

248
00:10:57,543 --> 00:10:59,276
a young kid
will say, "Bing Bong."

249
00:10:59,276 --> 00:11:02,543
A Jew will say
Curb, 
or, um, um,

250
00:11:02,543 --> 00:11:03,943
Serious Man.

251
00:11:03,943 --> 00:11:07,076
Um, somebody from the Midwest
will say, um,
Spin City.

252
00:11:07,076 --> 00:11:08,876
Teenagers now say,
Big Mouth.

253
00:11:08,876 --> 00:11:12,676
It's crazy where they all, uh,
where they all come from.

254
00:11:12,676 --> 00:11:14,309
GATES: Right.
KIND: That's what I want to do.

255
00:11:14,309 --> 00:11:16,843
I'm a smorgasbord.

256
00:11:17,709 --> 00:11:20,576
GATES: Meeting my guests, it
soon became clear that Richard

257
00:11:20,576 --> 00:11:23,876
and David share
more than a profession;

258
00:11:23,876 --> 00:11:27,643
both have deep Jewish roots.

259
00:11:27,643 --> 00:11:30,076
And both told me that
while they felt connected to

260
00:11:30,076 --> 00:11:33,809
those roots culturally,
they knew almost nothing about

261
00:11:33,809 --> 00:11:37,543
the lives of
their Jewish ancestors.

262
00:11:37,543 --> 00:11:40,343
It was time to change that.

263
00:11:41,543 --> 00:11:43,976
I started with David.

264
00:11:43,976 --> 00:11:46,876
David's father, Amram Duchovny,

265
00:11:46,876 --> 00:11:51,576
has eastern European Jews on
every branch of his family tree,

266
00:11:52,176 --> 00:11:54,576
but he rarely spoke about them.

267
00:11:54,576 --> 00:11:57,276
Indeed, he had a rather
idiosyncratic approach to

268
00:11:57,276 --> 00:11:59,676
their very existence.

269
00:12:00,209 --> 00:12:03,709
What was his relationship
to his Jewish roots?

270
00:12:03,709 --> 00:12:04,909
DUCHOVNY: Uh, ironic.

271
00:12:04,909 --> 00:12:06,176
Every, every...

272
00:12:06,176 --> 00:12:07,576
All his
relationships were ironic.

273
00:12:07,576 --> 00:12:08,976
(laughter).

274
00:12:08,976 --> 00:12:10,976
DUCHOVNY: He claims not
to have been Bar Mitzvah'd.

275
00:12:10,976 --> 00:12:14,476
He says his father, uh,
took him out on an afternoon,

276
00:12:14,476 --> 00:12:16,343
tell your mother we're
getting Bar Mitzvah'd,

277
00:12:16,343 --> 00:12:18,976
and they played
pool all afternoon.

278
00:12:18,976 --> 00:12:22,009
So, I was not raised in,
in that way at all,

279
00:12:22,009 --> 00:12:24,609
we had a Christmas tree,
my mother's Protestant, we,

280
00:12:24,609 --> 00:12:26,076
we kind of celebrated
whatever, whatever...

281
00:12:26,076 --> 00:12:28,109
Whatever was most fun.

282
00:12:28,109 --> 00:12:29,143
GATES: Right.

283
00:12:29,143 --> 00:12:30,376
DUCHOVNY: We took
off Jewish holidays,

284
00:12:30,376 --> 00:12:31,576
we took off Christian holidays,

285
00:12:31,576 --> 00:12:33,609
we barely worked.

286
00:12:33,609 --> 00:12:35,876
GATES: Though David's father may
have broken from the traditions

287
00:12:35,876 --> 00:12:39,543
of his religion,
moving back one generation,

288
00:12:39,543 --> 00:12:41,609
we came to a man
who was very much

289
00:12:41,609 --> 00:12:43,876
a product of those traditions.

290
00:12:43,876 --> 00:12:47,309
Amram's father,
David's grandfather,

291
00:12:47,309 --> 00:12:49,643
Moshe Duchovny.

292
00:12:49,909 --> 00:12:52,209
Moshe died in New York in 1960,

293
00:12:52,209 --> 00:12:54,509
when David was an infant.

294
00:12:54,509 --> 00:12:57,376
And his obituary details
his deep involvement with

295
00:12:57,376 --> 00:13:00,143
New York's Jewish community.

296
00:13:00,643 --> 00:13:02,676
DUCHOVNY: "Duchovny's death
has thrown the Yiddish writing

297
00:13:02,676 --> 00:13:06,209
profession into deep sadness.

298
00:13:06,209 --> 00:13:09,276
He was greatly respected
and beloved by his colleagues,

299
00:13:09,276 --> 00:13:13,509
writers and numerous
personal comrades and friends.

300
00:13:13,509 --> 00:13:15,609
He always had a
friendly smile for everyone

301
00:13:15,609 --> 00:13:18,176
and everyone
liked to be around him.

302
00:13:18,176 --> 00:13:20,909
Just Tuesday afternoon,
he was on East Broadway with

303
00:13:20,909 --> 00:13:22,776
the writers and the editors.

304
00:13:22,776 --> 00:13:26,043
Yesterday morning, he got up
as usual and prepared to go to

305
00:13:26,043 --> 00:13:29,776
the office of Israel Bonds,
where he was to serve as

306
00:13:29,776 --> 00:13:32,576
Yiddish press agent
for the first day.

307
00:13:32,576 --> 00:13:34,743
He felt a sudden pain
in his legs and before

308
00:13:34,743 --> 00:13:38,443
his wife Julia could
call the doctor, he passed.

309
00:13:38,876 --> 00:13:41,109
Moshe Duchovny was a
long-time teacher at

310
00:13:41,109 --> 00:13:43,476
the Workmen's Circle schools.

311
00:13:43,476 --> 00:13:46,176
About 25 years ago, he
became a regular contributor

312
00:13:46,176 --> 00:13:48,109
to
The Morning Journal.

313
00:13:48,109 --> 00:13:50,543
He was an outstanding
reporter and also published

314
00:13:50,543 --> 00:13:53,743
a number of novels
in the newspaper."

315
00:13:54,876 --> 00:13:57,643
GATES: Have you ever read that?

316
00:13:59,143 --> 00:14:01,343
DUCHOVNY: No.

317
00:14:04,943 --> 00:14:10,576
Yeah. Yeah, he was, you know,
it's like you realize that

318
00:14:10,576 --> 00:14:14,409
these people who were
just figures to you,

319
00:14:14,409 --> 00:14:16,843
they had full lives,
you know, and, and, uh,

320
00:14:16,843 --> 00:14:21,009
just to think of him.

321
00:14:21,009 --> 00:14:22,609
GATES: Hmm.

322
00:14:22,609 --> 00:14:24,876
DUCHOVNY:I mean, I just
thought that he was a reporter

323
00:14:24,876 --> 00:14:26,443
of some kind, I
really didn't know and

324
00:14:26,443 --> 00:14:27,876
I knew that he
wrote in Yiddish,

325
00:14:27,876 --> 00:14:34,143
but I didn't know how
vibrant he was, and how busy.

326
00:14:34,976 --> 00:14:36,943
GATES: Yeah, sounds
like a pretty special guy.

327
00:14:36,943 --> 00:14:38,476
DUCHOVNY: Yeah.

328
00:14:40,009 --> 00:14:43,076
GATES: Moshe's early death not
only robbed David of the chance

329
00:14:43,076 --> 00:14:46,243
to know his grandfather,
it also ensured that

330
00:14:46,243 --> 00:14:49,876
his grandfather's story
wasn't passed down.

331
00:14:50,509 --> 00:14:52,809
David told me
that knew that Moshe

332
00:14:52,809 --> 00:14:55,176
had been born in Eastern Europe,

333
00:14:55,176 --> 00:14:59,276
but beyond that, his
life was a largely a mystery.

334
00:14:59,743 --> 00:15:02,143
We set out to reconstruct it,

335
00:15:02,376 --> 00:15:05,543
starting with a petition
for American citizenship,

336
00:15:05,543 --> 00:15:09,743
filed in 1940, by Moshe himself.

337
00:15:10,943 --> 00:15:13,909
DUCHOVNY: "Morris Duchovny,
occupation, journalist.

338
00:15:13,909 --> 00:15:16,609
I was born in Berdychiv, Russia

339
00:15:16,609 --> 00:15:19,309
on June 10, 1901."

340
00:15:21,709 --> 00:15:24,909
I don't know why
that affects me.

341
00:15:24,909 --> 00:15:26,343
He came a long way.

342
00:15:26,343 --> 00:15:28,943
GATES: Mm-hmm.

343
00:15:29,509 --> 00:15:31,809
(sighs).

344
00:15:32,009 --> 00:15:33,909
DUCHOVNY: It just
makes me so sad that

345
00:15:33,909 --> 00:15:36,509
I didn't get to
meet him, really.

346
00:15:36,509 --> 00:15:38,009
I know that my dad loved him.

347
00:15:38,009 --> 00:15:40,243
My dad used to tell me, uh,

348
00:15:40,243 --> 00:15:44,076
he had this
lingering guilt because,

349
00:15:44,076 --> 00:15:46,976
like the day or a
few days before my dad...

350
00:15:46,976 --> 00:15:49,676
My grandfather died,
he had called my father,

351
00:15:49,676 --> 00:15:53,409
and my father was busy,
you know, at home,

352
00:15:53,409 --> 00:15:56,143
he had this baby, me,
and he had my brother,

353
00:15:56,143 --> 00:15:58,009
who was four, and he said,

354
00:15:58,009 --> 00:16:00,309
"I can't talk, dad,"
and then he hung up.

355
00:16:00,309 --> 00:16:01,309
GATES: Right.

356
00:16:01,309 --> 00:16:02,509
DUCHOVNY: And that
was the last time...

357
00:16:02,509 --> 00:16:03,776
GATES: Oh. No, that's hard.

358
00:16:03,776 --> 00:16:07,043
DUCHOVNY: That he talked to him,
and I kind of feel that way,

359
00:16:07,043 --> 00:16:10,176
it's like, "Oh," you know,
"I, I missed it," you know,

360
00:16:10,176 --> 00:16:13,143
we missed one another on
this plane of existence, right?

361
00:16:13,143 --> 00:16:14,243
GATES: Yeah.

362
00:16:14,243 --> 00:16:16,576
DUCHOVNY: But here
he is coming back.

363
00:16:17,443 --> 00:16:19,543
GATES: According
to this petition,

364
00:16:19,543 --> 00:16:22,876
Moshe was born in a
region of the Russian Empire

365
00:16:22,876 --> 00:16:25,609
that is now in northern Ukraine.

366
00:16:26,709 --> 00:16:29,509
War and the
Holocaust devastated this part

367
00:16:29,509 --> 00:16:32,143
of the world
during the 20th century,

368
00:16:32,409 --> 00:16:36,243
and many records were
lost or willfully destroyed.

369
00:16:37,143 --> 00:16:42,176
Indeed, it's often impossible
for us to learn anything at all

370
00:16:42,176 --> 00:16:45,476
about people who lived
in this part of the world.

371
00:16:45,676 --> 00:16:48,109
But with David, we got lucky.

372
00:16:48,576 --> 00:16:53,909
In the 1897 Russian census, we
found a listing for his family,

373
00:16:53,909 --> 00:16:56,376
and discovered that
they supported themselves by

374
00:16:56,376 --> 00:17:01,443
running a dairy farm, a fact
that took David by surprise.

375
00:17:03,343 --> 00:17:04,843
DUCHOVNY: Wow.
GATES: You had never heard...

376
00:17:04,843 --> 00:17:06,443
DUCHOVNY: I've never...
GATES: Even a hint of this?

377
00:17:06,443 --> 00:17:07,843
DUCHOVNY: I, I've
never milked a cow.

378
00:17:07,843 --> 00:17:09,009
I, I would, I...

379
00:17:09,009 --> 00:17:10,743
I wouldn't know
which end to squeeze,

380
00:17:10,743 --> 00:17:13,676
to be honest with you, and my,

381
00:17:13,676 --> 00:17:17,909
my mind is just spinning
with images of these people.

382
00:17:17,909 --> 00:17:21,809
GATES: Yeah.
DUCHOVNY: Dairy farm.

383
00:17:23,076 --> 00:17:27,109
GATES: David's family didn't
remain on their farm for long.

384
00:17:27,109 --> 00:17:30,576
When this census was recorded,
they lived in what was known as,

385
00:17:30,576 --> 00:17:35,276
"The Pale of Settlement," a
region where Russia confined and

386
00:17:35,276 --> 00:17:38,676
oppressed its Jewish population.

387
00:17:38,876 --> 00:17:42,143
Within the Pale, Jewish
people suffered an array of

388
00:17:42,143 --> 00:17:46,476
humiliating restrictions, and
were vulnerable to outbreaks

389
00:17:46,476 --> 00:17:50,609
of anti-Semitic
violence at any time.

390
00:17:51,243 --> 00:17:55,509
Unsurprisingly, when
they were permitted to leave,

391
00:17:55,509 --> 00:17:58,343
huge numbers did so.

392
00:17:59,043 --> 00:18:03,543
Scholars estimate that
between 1881 and 1915,

393
00:18:03,543 --> 00:18:07,876
more than one million Russian
Jews emigrated out of the Pale,

394
00:18:07,876 --> 00:18:10,376
most to the United States.

395
00:18:10,876 --> 00:18:14,043
But the Duchovny's chose
a different destination;

396
00:18:14,043 --> 00:18:16,276
the Middle East.

397
00:18:17,376 --> 00:18:21,443
DUCHOVNY: "List of people who
traveled from Jaffa to Port Said

398
00:18:21,443 --> 00:18:25,609
on December 17, 1914,
Avraham Duchovny, 40,

399
00:18:25,609 --> 00:18:28,176
origin Berdychiv,
occupation innkeeper."

400
00:18:28,176 --> 00:18:29,209
Innkeeper.

401
00:18:29,209 --> 00:18:30,343
GATES: Innkeeper.

402
00:18:30,343 --> 00:18:32,709
DUCHOVNY: "Doba, his wife,
40, Origin Berdychiv,

403
00:18:32,709 --> 00:18:35,543
their children;
Leah, 17, origin ,

404
00:18:35,543 --> 00:18:37,876
Moshe, 14, origin ."

405
00:18:37,876 --> 00:18:40,043
GATES: Any idea
what's going on there?

406
00:18:40,043 --> 00:18:41,409
DUCHOVNY: No.

407
00:18:41,409 --> 00:18:44,176
GATES: Your great-grandparents,
Abraham and Doba, and their

408
00:18:44,176 --> 00:18:47,576
six children including
your grandfather, Moshe,

409
00:18:47,576 --> 00:18:52,076
made their way from Russia
to Jaffa, where they ran an inn.

410
00:18:53,343 --> 00:18:55,176
(laughter).

411
00:18:55,176 --> 00:18:56,576
DUCHOVNY: That is nuts.

412
00:18:56,576 --> 00:18:59,676
GATES: And from there,
they moved to Port Said,

413
00:18:59,676 --> 00:19:01,209
and do you know
where Port Said is?

414
00:19:01,209 --> 00:19:02,443
DUCHOVNY: No idea, where is it?

415
00:19:02,443 --> 00:19:06,243
GATES: It's in Egypt.
DUCHOVNY: Wow.

416
00:19:06,776 --> 00:19:09,643
So, they, they had
these little kids,

417
00:19:09,643 --> 00:19:12,843
these little kids
from Russia in Egypt, now?

418
00:19:12,843 --> 00:19:14,076
Wow.

419
00:19:14,076 --> 00:19:16,876
GATES: No family
lore about any of this?

420
00:19:16,876 --> 00:19:20,176
DUCHOVNY: No, nothing.

421
00:19:20,476 --> 00:19:22,343
Nothing.

422
00:19:25,943 --> 00:19:28,443
GATES: Although the
details have been forgotten,

423
00:19:28,443 --> 00:19:32,543
the Duchovny's had embarked
on a truly perilous journey.

424
00:19:33,876 --> 00:19:36,476
Sometime around 1910,

425
00:19:36,476 --> 00:19:40,276
they traveled from
Russia to the city of Jaffa,

426
00:19:40,276 --> 00:19:44,443
which is now in Israel
but then was in Palestine,

427
00:19:44,443 --> 00:19:48,343
a part of the Ottoman Empire.

428
00:19:48,843 --> 00:19:53,443
Unfortunately, their
stay in the city was brief.

429
00:19:54,709 --> 00:19:59,309
In 1914, the Ottomans
entered World War I.

430
00:19:59,309 --> 00:20:02,876
by attacking Russia, foreign
nationals who were living in

431
00:20:02,876 --> 00:20:07,076
the empire were required
to become Ottoman citizens.

432
00:20:07,376 --> 00:20:10,909
Those who refused
faced a terrifying ordeal.

433
00:20:13,809 --> 00:20:16,709
DUCHOVNY: "Turks slay
and rob Jews at Jaffa.

434
00:20:16,709 --> 00:20:19,609
Many acts of barbarism
accompany their expulsion,

435
00:20:19,609 --> 00:20:22,243
children carried off,
men thrown overboard,

436
00:20:22,243 --> 00:20:26,043
several who resented brutality
to their wives murdered.

437
00:20:26,343 --> 00:20:28,576
Cairo, Monday, December 21,

438
00:20:28,576 --> 00:20:31,443
information comes from
Alexandria of great brutality on

439
00:20:31,443 --> 00:20:35,076
the part of the Turks toward
the Jews of Jaffa, Palestine.

440
00:20:35,076 --> 00:20:38,376
On Thursday, the
Jewish quarter was invaded.

441
00:20:39,376 --> 00:20:41,443
Bedouin police
entered the houses and

442
00:20:41,443 --> 00:20:43,776
forced the inmates to
accompany them immediately,

443
00:20:43,776 --> 00:20:46,009
allowing them
small handbags only.

444
00:20:46,009 --> 00:20:49,976
They were sent on board the
Italian steamer Vincenzo Florio,

445
00:20:49,976 --> 00:20:51,776
bound for Alexandria.

446
00:20:51,776 --> 00:20:55,243
The embarkation was relatively
orderly till night fell,

447
00:20:55,243 --> 00:20:57,409
when there were
lamentable scenes.

448
00:20:57,409 --> 00:20:59,743
Police and boatmen
joined in the fray,

449
00:20:59,743 --> 00:21:04,509
seized the Jews, took their
bags and belongings and money,

450
00:21:04,509 --> 00:21:07,043
and tore off the jewels
and trinkets of the women,

451
00:21:07,043 --> 00:21:09,109
they separated the
children and their parents,

452
00:21:09,109 --> 00:21:12,576
and carried the
former from the quayside.

453
00:21:12,576 --> 00:21:15,676
There were desperate appeals
on every side in the darkness,

454
00:21:15,676 --> 00:21:18,676
with heartrending screams."

455
00:21:21,309 --> 00:21:24,309
Are you saying that my family
was involved in that or is that

456
00:21:24,309 --> 00:21:25,643
just something that happened?

457
00:21:25,643 --> 00:21:28,443
GATES: Your ancestors were among
6,000 Jewish residents of Jaffa,

458
00:21:28,443 --> 00:21:33,876
who were deported to
Egypt in December of 1914.

459
00:21:39,276 --> 00:21:42,676
DUCHOVNY: And treated like this?
GATES: Yeah.

460
00:21:43,576 --> 00:21:45,209
(sighs).

461
00:21:46,276 --> 00:21:49,476
GATES: Newspaper articles from
the time indicate that many of

462
00:21:49,476 --> 00:21:53,676
Jaffa's Jews were robbed
of all their possessions,

463
00:21:53,909 --> 00:21:56,343
meaning that David's
ancestors would have arrived

464
00:21:56,343 --> 00:21:59,709
in Egypt with nothing.

465
00:21:59,976 --> 00:22:03,376
Even so, they somehow
managed to pick up the pieces of

466
00:22:03,376 --> 00:22:05,943
their lives and move forward,

467
00:22:05,943 --> 00:22:08,176
giving a surprising
end to this story.

468
00:22:09,176 --> 00:22:11,676
In the winter of 1916,

469
00:22:11,676 --> 00:22:14,976
less than two years
after arriving in Egypt,

470
00:22:14,976 --> 00:22:18,843
Moshe and his father
Abraham traveled to Greece,

471
00:22:18,843 --> 00:22:23,009
where they boarded a ship
bound for the United States.

472
00:22:24,543 --> 00:22:28,909
DUCHOVNY: "Abraam Douharmi,
39, married, occupation workman,

473
00:22:28,909 --> 00:22:32,076
nationality Russian,
race Hebrew."

474
00:22:32,076 --> 00:22:33,709
GATES: Hmm.
DUCHOVNY: Race is Hebrew.

475
00:22:33,709 --> 00:22:36,643
"Last permanent
residence Russia."

476
00:22:39,276 --> 00:22:40,643
Douharmi.

477
00:22:40,643 --> 00:22:42,643
GATES: David, you are
looking at the very moment

478
00:22:42,643 --> 00:22:45,043
your great-grandfather, Abraham,

479
00:22:45,043 --> 00:22:48,743
and your grandfather,
Moshe, arrived in America.

480
00:22:49,943 --> 00:22:52,876
DUCHOVNY: I can't
imagine their state of mind,

481
00:22:52,876 --> 00:22:55,809
I would, you know,
you're always thinking of like

482
00:22:55,809 --> 00:22:57,709
the hope of the
new world, right?

483
00:22:57,709 --> 00:22:59,543
And they must
have had some hope,

484
00:22:59,543 --> 00:23:03,609
but the fear and
just the, the dislocation.

485
00:23:03,609 --> 00:23:04,976
GATES: Mmm.

486
00:23:04,976 --> 00:23:08,043
DUCHOVNY: Like, they've just,
they've been moving quite a bit.

487
00:23:08,043 --> 00:23:09,276
GATES: Yeah.

488
00:23:09,276 --> 00:23:11,409
DUCHOVNY: For a couple years,
and it's not going well,

489
00:23:11,409 --> 00:23:13,209
and they're just, they're
going all over the world,

490
00:23:13,209 --> 00:23:14,409
they're looking for a home.

491
00:23:14,409 --> 00:23:15,843
GATES: Yeah, and
this wasn't even their

492
00:23:15,843 --> 00:23:17,043
preferred destination.

493
00:23:17,043 --> 00:23:18,176
DUCHOVNY: No.

494
00:23:18,176 --> 00:23:19,709
GATES: They just
wanted to be in Palestine.

495
00:23:19,709 --> 00:23:21,209
DUCHOVNY: Yeah.
GATES: And run their inn.

496
00:23:21,209 --> 00:23:25,109
DUCHOVNY: Yeah. Mmm. Wow.

497
00:23:25,109 --> 00:23:27,309
GATES: What's it
like to see that?

498
00:23:27,309 --> 00:23:30,076
DUCHOVNY: I'm proud.

499
00:23:31,509 --> 00:23:37,809
They, they, they ran
and they ran, and they,

500
00:23:38,576 --> 00:23:40,476
they got somewhere,
you know, they...

501
00:23:40,476 --> 00:23:43,576
GATES: Yeah.
DUCHOVNY: They didn't give up.

502
00:23:43,776 --> 00:23:46,309
They didn't give up.

503
00:23:49,276 --> 00:23:51,176
What a world.

504
00:23:53,109 --> 00:23:55,643
GATES: Turning from
David to Richard Kind,

505
00:23:55,643 --> 00:23:59,143
we had another story of
Jewish immigration to share.

506
00:23:59,143 --> 00:24:02,476
Albeit one with a
very different outcome.

507
00:24:03,543 --> 00:24:05,509
Richard's maternal grandfather,

508
00:24:05,509 --> 00:24:09,843
Alvin Berson, was
born in Manhattan in 1901.

509
00:24:10,343 --> 00:24:13,009
His parents, just
like the Duchovny's,

510
00:24:13,009 --> 00:24:15,643
were both from the
Pale of Settlement,

511
00:24:15,643 --> 00:24:17,576
but Richard
could see no trace of

512
00:24:17,576 --> 00:24:20,609
that experience
in his grandfather.

513
00:24:20,609 --> 00:24:24,409
To Richard, Alvin was a
quintessential creation

514
00:24:24,409 --> 00:24:27,176
of his American hometown.

515
00:24:28,709 --> 00:24:32,443
KIND: My grandfather, um,
we would go on walks with him

516
00:24:32,443 --> 00:24:35,643
and my sister and I
are huffing and puffing,

517
00:24:35,643 --> 00:24:38,176
keeping up with him
and he would tell us,

518
00:24:38,176 --> 00:24:39,309
"This building is this,

519
00:24:39,309 --> 00:24:40,709
and this is where
this happened and this..."

520
00:24:40,709 --> 00:24:43,609
A real New Yorker, truly.

521
00:24:44,376 --> 00:24:49,543
Stern. Very, very,
sometimes horribly stern.

522
00:24:50,443 --> 00:24:54,543
Uh, and, uh, loved a good joke,

523
00:24:54,543 --> 00:24:57,476
but was the furthest
thing from a funny man.

524
00:24:57,476 --> 00:24:59,243
Uh, the, the, the...

525
00:24:59,243 --> 00:25:01,543
There's a smile
on his face here.

526
00:25:01,543 --> 00:25:03,343
I don't know where he got that.

527
00:25:03,343 --> 00:25:05,743
Um, you, you can
even see the tight lips.

528
00:25:05,743 --> 00:25:08,776
He, he, that, that's how he was.

529
00:25:10,276 --> 00:25:14,276
GATES: As it turns out,
Alvin's smile belies a toughness

530
00:25:14,276 --> 00:25:16,709
that he likely
inherited from his father,

531
00:25:17,443 --> 00:25:19,909
a man named Hyman Berson.

532
00:25:19,909 --> 00:25:24,176
Hyman arrived in New York
from Russia in 1896 and

533
00:25:24,176 --> 00:25:27,276
worked as a peddler
on the Lower East Side.

534
00:25:27,976 --> 00:25:30,343
This was one of the
most common occupations for

535
00:25:30,343 --> 00:25:32,509
Jewish immigrants at the time,

536
00:25:32,509 --> 00:25:34,643
and it was grueling.

537
00:25:34,943 --> 00:25:37,976
Peddlers generally pushed
carts through the streets,

538
00:25:37,976 --> 00:25:39,943
selling low-priced goods,

539
00:25:39,943 --> 00:25:42,809
struggling just to
feed their families.

540
00:25:43,476 --> 00:25:46,843
But Hyman was one of
the few who made it pay.

541
00:25:47,609 --> 00:25:51,076
So much so that he
left his cart behind,

542
00:25:51,076 --> 00:25:54,343
and ended up running
a business of his own.

543
00:25:54,943 --> 00:25:57,309
KIND: "Star Crayon
Manufacturing Company,

544
00:25:57,309 --> 00:26:01,009
Hyman Berson, President.

545
00:26:01,443 --> 00:26:05,109
Capital, $100,000."
That's a lot of money.

546
00:26:05,109 --> 00:26:06,809
"224 Centre Street."

547
00:26:06,809 --> 00:26:08,409
GATES: Did you know about this?

548
00:26:08,409 --> 00:26:10,409
Your great-grandfather
went from peddling to

549
00:26:10,409 --> 00:26:12,309
running his own company.

550
00:26:12,309 --> 00:26:14,343
He manufactured crayons.

551
00:26:14,343 --> 00:26:16,243
And you can see an example of

552
00:26:16,243 --> 00:26:19,343
the company's Crayarto
Studio Crayons on the left.

553
00:26:19,576 --> 00:26:20,743
What's it like to see that?

554
00:26:20,743 --> 00:26:22,876
KIND: That's, this is silly.

555
00:26:22,876 --> 00:26:24,809
That's what this feels like.

556
00:26:24,809 --> 00:26:27,709
My relatives were in
the crayon business.

557
00:26:27,709 --> 00:26:29,043
GATES: They owned
their own company.

558
00:26:29,043 --> 00:26:32,509
KIND: That's nuts. That's nuts.

559
00:26:33,909 --> 00:26:36,376
GATES: In many ways,
Richard's great-grandfather was

560
00:26:36,376 --> 00:26:39,443
a classic
American success story.

561
00:26:39,843 --> 00:26:45,709
In 1915, Hyman was one of
three founders of Star Crayons.

562
00:26:46,076 --> 00:26:50,243
His business would grow to
include a factory in Brooklyn,

563
00:26:50,243 --> 00:26:56,409
and capital that would be
worth over $1.7 million today.

564
00:26:57,343 --> 00:27:02,076
But, unfortunately, Hyman's
luck was about to run out.

565
00:27:03,343 --> 00:27:06,509
KIND: "Certificate of death.
Full name Hyman Berson.

566
00:27:06,509 --> 00:27:07,876
Age 55.

567
00:27:07,876 --> 00:27:11,176
Date of death March 13th,"
there's a bad day,

568
00:27:11,176 --> 00:27:14,143
"1933. The chief..." No!

569
00:27:14,143 --> 00:27:16,276
(laughs)

570
00:27:16,276 --> 00:27:19,643
"The chief or determining
cause of his death was

571
00:27:19,643 --> 00:27:22,276
gunshot wounds of neck."

572
00:27:23,943 --> 00:27:26,709
Well, ain't there a
skeleton in my closet, huh?

573
00:27:26,709 --> 00:27:28,643
Wow. I can hear him tingling.

574
00:27:28,643 --> 00:27:30,943
Okay. Wow.

575
00:27:30,943 --> 00:27:32,776
GATES: Richard, according
to his death certificate,

576
00:27:32,776 --> 00:27:34,276
Hyman was murdered.

577
00:27:34,276 --> 00:27:35,776
KIND: He was murdered.

578
00:27:35,776 --> 00:27:37,376
GATES: No talk of
this in your family?

579
00:27:37,376 --> 00:27:40,409
KIND: None!
But who talks about that?

580
00:27:40,743 --> 00:27:41,943
GATES: Right.
KIND: Yeah.

581
00:27:41,943 --> 00:27:44,843
No. No. No. No. No. No.

582
00:27:44,843 --> 00:27:46,743
My grandfather, no.

583
00:27:46,743 --> 00:27:48,443
He would never
talk about it now.

584
00:27:48,443 --> 00:27:49,743
He would never talk about...

585
00:27:49,743 --> 00:27:52,309
That's, that's
something he wouldn't address.

586
00:27:52,309 --> 00:27:54,109
GATES: Right.
KIND: That's why he was...

587
00:27:54,109 --> 00:27:55,676
(mimics grandfather)

588
00:27:55,676 --> 00:27:57,809
Yeah.

589
00:27:57,809 --> 00:28:01,243
GATES: Richard's grandfather
was 31 years old when his father

590
00:28:01,243 --> 00:28:05,509
was killed, and Hyman wasn't
the only victim of the crime.

591
00:28:05,509 --> 00:28:08,509
His nephew
Charles was also shot.

592
00:28:08,843 --> 00:28:12,743
What's more, if newspaper
reports are to be believed,

593
00:28:12,743 --> 00:28:16,276
the gunman was one
of Hyman's business partners,

594
00:28:16,276 --> 00:28:18,943
a man named Simon Stern,

595
00:28:19,176 --> 00:28:22,509
and the crime was
part of a larger scheme.

596
00:28:23,009 --> 00:28:25,776
KIND: "Two partners shot,
third questioned.

597
00:28:26,809 --> 00:28:29,076
Simon Stern was taken for
questioning in connection with

598
00:28:29,076 --> 00:28:32,409
the killing last night of
his co-partner, Hyman Berson,

599
00:28:32,409 --> 00:28:35,709
and the wounding of the
latter's nephew Charles Berson.

600
00:28:35,709 --> 00:28:38,476
Berson's body was found in
the stockroom of the company by

601
00:28:38,476 --> 00:28:40,909
a night watchman who
also found the nephew

602
00:28:40,909 --> 00:28:43,509
lying unconscious in the office.

603
00:28:43,509 --> 00:28:45,143
The nephew, a
foreman for the company,

604
00:28:45,143 --> 00:28:46,909
was taken to the
Cumberland Hospital suffering

605
00:28:46,909 --> 00:28:49,643
from a bullet wound in the
neck and two in the spine."

606
00:28:49,643 --> 00:28:51,176
So they meant it.

607
00:28:51,176 --> 00:28:52,476
GATES: Yeah.

608
00:28:52,476 --> 00:28:54,409
KIND: "Shortly after Stern
had reached the police station,

609
00:28:54,409 --> 00:28:56,976
the dead man's
three sons, Ralph, 23,"

610
00:28:56,976 --> 00:29:02,509
who I knew, "Alvin, 32,
and Benjamin, 26, arrived there.

611
00:29:02,743 --> 00:29:05,976
Ralph Berson told the
assistant district attorney and

612
00:29:05,976 --> 00:29:08,476
deputy chief inspector
that his father and Stern had

613
00:29:08,476 --> 00:29:11,476
contemplated taking
out life insurance policies

614
00:29:11,476 --> 00:29:12,976
for $10,000 each,

615
00:29:12,976 --> 00:29:15,076
naming each other as
beneficiary and paying for

616
00:29:15,076 --> 00:29:18,443
the premiums out of the
proceeds of the business."

617
00:29:19,276 --> 00:29:22,309
GATES: Based on this article it
would appear that Simon Stern

618
00:29:22,309 --> 00:29:26,009
killed your great-grandfather
and wounded his nephew, Charles,

619
00:29:26,009 --> 00:29:29,776
to collect the insurance
payment on a partnership policy.

620
00:29:31,909 --> 00:29:34,776
KIND: Wow. Okay.

621
00:29:36,676 --> 00:29:40,143
GATES: This story was
about to take a bizarre turn.

622
00:29:40,143 --> 00:29:43,776
When Hyman's nephew
Charles died from his wounds,

623
00:29:43,776 --> 00:29:47,343
Simon Stern was
facing murder charges,

624
00:29:47,343 --> 00:29:49,609
and he mounted a
curious defense.

625
00:29:50,709 --> 00:29:54,276
Stern claimed that the Bersons
had actually been killed by

626
00:29:54,276 --> 00:29:58,176
a racketeering organization,
or a, "Trust," and that

627
00:29:58,176 --> 00:30:01,409
Hyman was involved
in organized crime.

628
00:30:01,409 --> 00:30:05,076
Leading Richard to wonder how
much his grandfather actually

629
00:30:05,076 --> 00:30:09,309
knew about how his
father ran the family business.

630
00:30:10,843 --> 00:30:13,476
KIND: You know, my grandfather
was a very moral man,

631
00:30:13,476 --> 00:30:14,776
so I think...

632
00:30:14,776 --> 00:30:17,576
I never saw a side of him
that was moral or immoral.

633
00:30:17,576 --> 00:30:19,209
He just taught us lessons.

634
00:30:19,209 --> 00:30:21,409
He didn't talk
to us, he spoke to us.

635
00:30:21,409 --> 00:30:22,443
GATES: Right.

636
00:30:22,443 --> 00:30:24,509
KIND: He taught us
lessons all the time.

637
00:30:24,509 --> 00:30:25,909
"And this is what..."

638
00:30:25,909 --> 00:30:30,076
And maybe he really was affected
by the death of his dad.

639
00:30:30,076 --> 00:30:32,243
GATES: I'm sure he had to be.
KIND: Yeah.

640
00:30:32,243 --> 00:30:33,843
GATES: Well, let's
see what happened.

641
00:30:33,843 --> 00:30:35,609
KIND: Okay.

642
00:30:37,043 --> 00:30:40,509
GATES: We don't know if
Stern's accusations were true.

643
00:30:40,509 --> 00:30:42,943
There seems to have
been a good deal of evidence

644
00:30:42,943 --> 00:30:45,143
to the contrary,
including the fact that

645
00:30:45,143 --> 00:30:48,543
Charles Berson
identified Stern as the gunman

646
00:30:48,543 --> 00:30:50,976
before he died.

647
00:30:50,976 --> 00:30:55,309
But, in the end, the
jury was not convinced.

648
00:30:55,609 --> 00:30:57,443
Stern was acquitted.

649
00:30:57,443 --> 00:31:00,776
And no one else was
ever charged with the crime.

650
00:31:00,776 --> 00:31:04,143
Meaning there's no way to
know what really happened.

651
00:31:06,509 --> 00:31:08,809
What do you make of that?

652
00:31:08,809 --> 00:31:11,909
KIND: If I were a screenwriter,
I'd say there was payment and

653
00:31:11,909 --> 00:31:13,809
things like that,
underhanded work.

654
00:31:13,809 --> 00:31:16,076
GATES: Right, who
was betraying whom?

655
00:31:16,076 --> 00:31:17,209
KIND: Right.
GATES: Right.

656
00:31:17,209 --> 00:31:18,743
KIND: Right. Right. Right.
GATES: We don't know.

657
00:31:18,743 --> 00:31:21,376
KIND: Yeah.
That's very interesting.

658
00:31:21,376 --> 00:31:23,143
GATES: It is fascinating.
KIND: Yeah.

659
00:31:23,143 --> 00:31:27,009
GATES: We haven't had many
murdered ancestors sitting in

660
00:31:27,009 --> 00:31:29,243
the seat across
the table from me.

661
00:31:29,243 --> 00:31:30,576
KIND: Mm-hmm.
GATES: How about that?

662
00:31:30,576 --> 00:31:32,276
KIND: And let me
tell you something;

663
00:31:32,276 --> 00:31:34,609
I didn't think I'd be the one.

664
00:31:35,543 --> 00:31:39,809
GATES: We now set out to trace
the Berson family back in time,

665
00:31:39,809 --> 00:31:41,676
and we hit a wall.

666
00:31:41,676 --> 00:31:45,476
There were no records to
take us beyond Hyman's parents,

667
00:31:45,476 --> 00:31:48,076
Irving and Judah Berson.

668
00:31:48,609 --> 00:31:51,976
Such walls are
common in Jewish genealogy.

669
00:31:51,976 --> 00:31:54,443
But when we shifted from
Richard's mother's roots to

670
00:31:54,443 --> 00:31:58,343
his father's, we were
able to make them fall away.

671
00:31:59,809 --> 00:32:03,043
Our researchers traced
Richard's direct paternal line

672
00:32:03,043 --> 00:32:05,376
back six generations,

673
00:32:05,976 --> 00:32:08,943
a feat we can rarely
accomplish with any guest.

674
00:32:09,609 --> 00:32:12,443
The key to it all was
Richard's great-grandfather,

675
00:32:12,443 --> 00:32:14,509
Samuel Kind.

676
00:32:14,876 --> 00:32:17,409
We found him on the
passenger list for a ship

677
00:32:17,409 --> 00:32:19,209
that departed Hamburg, Germany

678
00:32:19,209 --> 00:32:22,576
for New York City
in March of 1875.

679
00:32:24,909 --> 00:32:26,843
KIND: "Name,
Samuel Kind, age 17,

680
00:32:26,843 --> 00:32:28,776
occupation, gold worker.

681
00:32:28,776 --> 00:32:31,643
Previous residence, Prague."

682
00:32:32,676 --> 00:32:35,176
GATES: That record
records the very moment

683
00:32:35,176 --> 00:32:38,243
your great-grandfather
set out for America.

684
00:32:38,243 --> 00:32:39,676
And look at the boat.

685
00:32:39,676 --> 00:32:40,743
KIND: I see the boat.

686
00:32:40,743 --> 00:32:43,609
GATES: That is the boat.
The S.S. Westphalia.

687
00:32:43,609 --> 00:32:44,876
KIND: Wow.

688
00:32:44,876 --> 00:32:46,943
GATES: Can you imagine
making that journey alone...

689
00:32:46,943 --> 00:32:48,643
KIND: I can't.
GATES: At the age of 17?

690
00:32:48,643 --> 00:32:50,043
Saying good-bye to your family,

691
00:32:50,043 --> 00:32:53,176
not knowing if you
would ever see them again?

692
00:32:53,176 --> 00:32:55,009
KIND: Without family.
GATES: No. He went solo.

693
00:32:55,009 --> 00:32:56,809
KIND: I can't,
that I can't imagine.

694
00:32:56,809 --> 00:32:58,509
GATES: No.
KIND: That's real courage.

695
00:32:58,509 --> 00:32:59,943
GATES: Mm-hmm.
That's real courage.

696
00:32:59,943 --> 00:33:02,043
KIND: Yeah. That is.

697
00:33:02,543 --> 00:33:05,243
GATES: This passenger list
indicates that Samuel came

698
00:33:05,243 --> 00:33:09,309
from Prague, which was then
the capital of what was known

699
00:33:09,309 --> 00:33:12,176
as the Kingdom of Bohemia.

700
00:33:12,709 --> 00:33:15,843
The region has an
ancient Jewish community,

701
00:33:15,843 --> 00:33:20,243
and a Bohemian census
from the year 1793 shows that

702
00:33:20,243 --> 00:33:24,076
Samuel's grandfather,
a man named Moises Katz,

703
00:33:24,676 --> 00:33:27,743
was a central part
of that community.

704
00:33:27,743 --> 00:33:31,509
KIND: "Moises Katz.
Occupation," well!

705
00:33:31,976 --> 00:33:34,343
"Rabbi and Ritual Slaughterer."

706
00:33:34,343 --> 00:33:36,509
GATES: You descend from a rabbi.
Did you have any idea?

707
00:33:36,509 --> 00:33:41,076
KIND: No. Never.
Never. Never. No.

708
00:33:42,276 --> 00:33:44,709
GATES: Surprised?
KIND: Yeah.

709
00:33:44,976 --> 00:33:46,543
Yeah, that's very surprising.

710
00:33:46,543 --> 00:33:47,743
GATES: Yeah.

711
00:33:47,743 --> 00:33:50,176
KIND: You know, I, as an
actor and as a guy with an ego,

712
00:33:50,176 --> 00:33:53,476
I think my opinions are
strong and always right.

713
00:33:53,476 --> 00:33:54,509
GATES: Of course.

714
00:33:54,509 --> 00:33:56,376
KIND: And I have
strong political opinions.

715
00:33:56,376 --> 00:33:58,009
Now I know where I get them.

716
00:33:58,009 --> 00:33:59,676
GATES: Big time.
KIND: Yeah.

717
00:34:01,143 --> 00:34:04,843
GATES: According to this record,
Moises was from Germany,

718
00:34:04,843 --> 00:34:08,843
which was a telling detail,
as it likely means that he was

719
00:34:08,843 --> 00:34:12,276
part of influx of
German rabbis who came

720
00:34:12,276 --> 00:34:16,143
to Bohemia in the late 1700s.

721
00:34:16,809 --> 00:34:20,176
What's more, Moises'
gravestone indicates that

722
00:34:20,176 --> 00:34:22,276
his father, Falk Katz,

723
00:34:22,276 --> 00:34:25,976
was also a rabbi,
suggesting that Richard comes

724
00:34:25,976 --> 00:34:28,576
from a long
line of religious leaders.

725
00:34:30,976 --> 00:34:32,143
KIND: Wow.

726
00:34:32,143 --> 00:34:35,576
GATES: So they were
recruiting rabbis into Bohemia.

727
00:34:36,076 --> 00:34:38,743
KIND: And that's why he moved.
GATES: That's why we think.

728
00:34:38,743 --> 00:34:39,776
It's logical...

729
00:34:39,776 --> 00:34:41,876
KIND: Just how
many rabbis were there?

730
00:34:41,876 --> 00:34:44,143
Was everybody a
rabbi or, they were not?

731
00:34:44,143 --> 00:34:45,843
GATES: No. No, being a
rabbi was very special.

732
00:34:45,843 --> 00:34:48,909
KIND: Was special. Yeah.
GATES: Yeah. Big time.

733
00:34:48,909 --> 00:34:49,976
You are the teacher.

734
00:34:49,976 --> 00:34:52,609
Rabbi means teacher.
You kept the tradition.

735
00:34:52,609 --> 00:34:53,843
KIND: Wow.

736
00:34:53,843 --> 00:34:55,076
GATES: You were
the most literate.

737
00:34:55,076 --> 00:34:56,509
You welcome
people into the world,

738
00:34:56,509 --> 00:34:58,143
and you usher them out.

739
00:34:58,143 --> 00:35:00,176
KIND: And it passed it down,
and it passed it on.

740
00:35:00,176 --> 00:35:02,776
GATES: And you marked
every ritual occasion

741
00:35:02,776 --> 00:35:04,276
in the life of your...

742
00:35:04,276 --> 00:35:06,443
KIND: Right. And evidently
it was a family business,

743
00:35:06,443 --> 00:35:07,809
because it got passed down.

744
00:35:07,809 --> 00:35:09,509
GATES: Big time.
KIND: Yes.

745
00:35:09,509 --> 00:35:12,309
GATES: How's it make you feel?

746
00:35:12,309 --> 00:35:15,576
KIND: Smarter, or at
least it's like getting, uh...

747
00:35:15,576 --> 00:35:18,876
It's like
The Wizard of Oz
giving the Tin Man a diploma.

748
00:35:18,876 --> 00:35:21,876
"Oh, look at,
look at who's so smart."

749
00:35:21,876 --> 00:35:24,976
Uh, so I, I, I think that's...

750
00:35:25,809 --> 00:35:27,076
I, I can't believe it.

751
00:35:27,076 --> 00:35:29,909
They're obvious leaders because
the rabbi was the leader,

752
00:35:29,909 --> 00:35:32,309
obviously smart
because they are scholars.

753
00:35:32,309 --> 00:35:33,643
GATES: Mm-hmm.

754
00:35:33,643 --> 00:35:37,776
KIND: And then, why
didn't Samuel hold onto that?

755
00:35:37,776 --> 00:35:39,143
GATES: Mm-hmm.

756
00:35:39,143 --> 00:35:40,876
KIND: What told
him to break away?

757
00:35:40,876 --> 00:35:41,909
GATES: Right.

758
00:35:41,909 --> 00:35:44,009
KIND: Not only
from the rabbinic, uh,

759
00:35:44,009 --> 00:35:47,309
side of life,
but from, uh, Bohemia.

760
00:35:47,309 --> 00:35:49,076
GATES: Yes, absolutely.
KIND: Yeah.

761
00:35:49,076 --> 00:35:50,609
What, what was it?
What was the catalyst?

762
00:35:50,609 --> 00:35:51,976
GATES: 'Cause
Broadway called, baby.

763
00:35:51,976 --> 00:35:53,843
(laughter)

764
00:35:55,909 --> 00:35:57,743
We'd already told David Duchovny

765
00:35:57,743 --> 00:35:59,709
an incredible story,

766
00:35:59,709 --> 00:36:02,243
revealing how his
grandfather Moshe and

767
00:36:02,243 --> 00:36:06,209
his great-grandfather
Abraham came to America after

768
00:36:06,209 --> 00:36:11,443
a harrowing journey across
Russia, Palestine, and Egypt.

769
00:36:11,843 --> 00:36:14,743
But this story was not over.

770
00:36:15,043 --> 00:36:17,276
When Moshe arrived in America,

771
00:36:17,276 --> 00:36:20,009
his mother Doba, and
many of his siblings,

772
00:36:20,009 --> 00:36:22,509
were still back in Egypt.

773
00:36:22,776 --> 00:36:26,509
It would take an enormous
effort to reunite the family,

774
00:36:26,509 --> 00:36:29,743
culminating with a ship that
arrived in the Port of New York

775
00:36:29,743 --> 00:36:32,509
on June 9th, 1920.

776
00:36:34,776 --> 00:36:37,009
Would you please read
who was on that ship?

777
00:36:37,009 --> 00:36:39,476
DUCHOVNY:
"Doba Duchovnia, age 36,

778
00:36:39,476 --> 00:36:42,009
Feiga Duchovnia, age 17,

779
00:36:42,009 --> 00:36:44,976
Herchel, age 15, Shmuel, age 13,

780
00:36:44,976 --> 00:36:47,509
Sima, age nine, race Jewish."

781
00:36:48,376 --> 00:36:50,509
Not Hebrew now,
now they're Jewish.

782
00:36:50,509 --> 00:36:53,943
"Last permanent
residence Alexandria, Egypt."

783
00:36:53,943 --> 00:36:56,809
GATES: And that ship
sailed from Marseille.

784
00:36:56,809 --> 00:36:58,576
DUCHOVNY: That's from Marseille?

785
00:36:58,576 --> 00:37:00,276
GATES: Yeah.
DUCHOVNY: Wow.

786
00:37:00,276 --> 00:37:03,143
GATES: Your family was reunited
four years and three months

787
00:37:03,143 --> 00:37:06,609
after Abraham and Moshe
first arrived in America.

788
00:37:06,609 --> 00:37:08,409
Your great-grandmother Doba...

789
00:37:08,409 --> 00:37:09,509
DUCHOVNY: Wow.

790
00:37:09,509 --> 00:37:10,943
GATES: And four of
your grandfather's siblings

791
00:37:10,943 --> 00:37:13,043
joined them in New York City.

792
00:37:13,043 --> 00:37:16,943
DUCHOVNY: Wow. Sorry,
I'm just saying wow.

793
00:37:16,943 --> 00:37:21,643
I'm just thinking, like,
so Moshe, my grandfather,

794
00:37:21,643 --> 00:37:25,609
from the ages of 14 to 18,
does not see his mother...

795
00:37:25,609 --> 00:37:27,476
GATES: Mm-mm.
DUCHOVNY: Or, or siblings?

796
00:37:27,476 --> 00:37:28,709
GATES: No.

797
00:37:28,709 --> 00:37:30,609
DUCHOVNY: Then, all of a sudden,
he's this 18-year-old kid,

798
00:37:30,609 --> 00:37:33,276
young man, and here comes mom...

799
00:37:33,276 --> 00:37:34,409
GATES: Right.

800
00:37:34,409 --> 00:37:36,409
DUCHOVNY: And he's a
New Yorker now kind of,

801
00:37:36,409 --> 00:37:38,243
and that's just, uh,
it's a good story.

802
00:37:38,243 --> 00:37:40,109
GATES: And in her mind, I mean,
he's frozen in time, right?

803
00:37:40,109 --> 00:37:41,609
DUCHOVNY: Yeah.
GATES: That had to be hard.

804
00:37:41,609 --> 00:37:44,543
DUCHOVNY: Yeah. Wow.

805
00:37:45,843 --> 00:37:48,943
GATES: Tragically, Moshe
and his mother were not able to

806
00:37:48,943 --> 00:37:52,176
enjoy their reunion for long;

807
00:37:52,176 --> 00:37:54,709
Doba died of tuberculosis just

808
00:37:54,709 --> 00:37:57,843
six weeks after
arriving in America.

809
00:37:58,843 --> 00:38:02,709
The family buried her in a
cemetery in Queens, New York

810
00:38:02,709 --> 00:38:06,076
and emblazoned her
gravestone with her photograph,

811
00:38:06,309 --> 00:38:09,743
allowing David the
chance to glimpse her face

812
00:38:09,743 --> 00:38:12,143
for the very first time.

813
00:38:12,743 --> 00:38:15,243
You are looking
at Doba Duchovny,

814
00:38:15,243 --> 00:38:17,376
your great-grandmother.

815
00:38:19,676 --> 00:38:21,509
DUCHOVNY: Hmm.
Where is that, Queens?

816
00:38:21,509 --> 00:38:23,976
GATES: Queens,
Montefiore Cemetery.

817
00:38:23,976 --> 00:38:25,809
DUCHOVNY: I'll have to visit.

818
00:38:25,809 --> 00:38:28,176
GATES: Do you see
any family resemblance?

819
00:38:28,176 --> 00:38:30,309
DUCHOVNY: Maybe.

820
00:38:30,309 --> 00:38:32,909
I think she looks a little
like my dad when he was like,

821
00:38:32,909 --> 00:38:36,009
he was kind of a
chubby little kid.

822
00:38:36,009 --> 00:38:39,309
Yeah, like my dad.

823
00:38:39,509 --> 00:38:43,209
GATES: Yeah?
DUCHOVNY: Yeah, weirdly.

824
00:38:44,109 --> 00:38:46,176
GATES: And we've translated
the Hebrew inscription

825
00:38:46,176 --> 00:38:47,476
on Doba's grave.

826
00:38:47,476 --> 00:38:50,976
Would you please
read what it says?

827
00:38:53,976 --> 00:38:56,576
(exhales sharply).

828
00:38:57,943 --> 00:39:02,609
DUCHOVNY: "Here lies my
wife and our beloved mother,

829
00:39:03,609 --> 00:39:06,709
modest and
noteworthy in her ways,

830
00:39:06,709 --> 00:39:09,643
righteous and
honest in her deeds and

831
00:39:09,643 --> 00:39:13,176
a righteous example
to her children."

832
00:39:17,743 --> 00:39:20,143
Mm, Doba.

833
00:39:22,643 --> 00:39:26,343
Mm. Yeah.

834
00:39:26,809 --> 00:39:28,676
Well, she made it to
the States, didn't she?

835
00:39:28,676 --> 00:39:30,943
GATES: Yep, she made
it and got the kids here.

836
00:39:30,943 --> 00:39:32,643
DUCHOVNY: Yep.

837
00:39:33,076 --> 00:39:34,743
GATES: Your
great-grandfather, Abraham,

838
00:39:34,743 --> 00:39:37,843
was about 45 years old
when he became a widower.

839
00:39:37,843 --> 00:39:39,809
Can you imagine?

840
00:39:39,809 --> 00:39:41,509
DUCHOVNY: No.
GATES: Mm.

841
00:39:41,509 --> 00:39:43,343
DUCHOVNY: No.
But I'm just...

842
00:39:43,343 --> 00:39:49,276
I'm also just so
thankful that, um,

843
00:39:49,276 --> 00:39:51,776
you know, I know
they didn't do it for me,

844
00:39:51,776 --> 00:39:56,176
but they, they gave my father a
chance to have a different life

845
00:39:56,176 --> 00:39:58,843
and they gave
his father, you know...

846
00:39:58,843 --> 00:40:00,043
GATES: Yeah.

847
00:40:00,043 --> 00:40:01,409
DUCHOVNY: At his
age of 14, you know.

848
00:40:01,409 --> 00:40:03,143
GATES: Yeah.

849
00:40:03,143 --> 00:40:05,009
DUCHOVNY: For
whatever reasons, they,

850
00:40:05,009 --> 00:40:07,943
they were running
or looking, they,

851
00:40:07,943 --> 00:40:10,443
they made some good decisions.

852
00:40:10,443 --> 00:40:12,309
GATES: Yeah, they did.

853
00:40:12,509 --> 00:40:14,743
DUCHOVNY: They made
some good decisions.

854
00:40:15,343 --> 00:40:18,243
I always just thought
it was luck, you know.

855
00:40:18,243 --> 00:40:20,576
In my mind, it was like,
oh, they were lucky to have

856
00:40:20,576 --> 00:40:23,043
gotten out before
the Holocaust, that was it.

857
00:40:23,043 --> 00:40:24,276
GATES: Yeah.

858
00:40:24,276 --> 00:40:27,409
DUCHOVNY: But now, I think
it's more, they were smart.

859
00:40:27,409 --> 00:40:30,509
You know, and they were, they
were looking for opportunity,

860
00:40:30,509 --> 00:40:33,109
they were looking for safety.

861
00:40:35,543 --> 00:40:38,643
GATES: There is one
final beat to this story.

862
00:40:38,643 --> 00:40:41,043
In the wake of his wife's death,

863
00:40:41,043 --> 00:40:45,076
David's great-grandfather
Abraham returned to Palestine.

864
00:40:45,709 --> 00:40:49,876
We found him in the
1928 census for Tel Aviv,

865
00:40:49,876 --> 00:40:53,976
a middle-aged man,
living on his own,

866
00:40:54,209 --> 00:40:55,943
not far from the
place where he'd once

867
00:40:55,943 --> 00:40:58,276
worked as an inn-keeper.

868
00:40:59,743 --> 00:41:01,309
How about that?

869
00:41:01,309 --> 00:41:03,676
Your family is
full of surprises.

870
00:41:03,676 --> 00:41:05,943
DUCHOVNY: They're,
they're like...

871
00:41:05,943 --> 00:41:07,909
They got a little
crossover happening.

872
00:41:07,909 --> 00:41:08,909
GATES: Yeah.

873
00:41:08,909 --> 00:41:10,376
DUCHOVNY: They, they
don't go exactly the way

874
00:41:10,376 --> 00:41:12,476
you think they're, they zig when
you think they're going to zag.

875
00:41:12,476 --> 00:41:13,543
GATES: Yes.

876
00:41:13,543 --> 00:41:14,543
DUCHOVNY: So, he
went back to Israel?

877
00:41:14,543 --> 00:41:15,743
GATES: Yes.
Did you have any idea?

878
00:41:15,743 --> 00:41:17,076
DUCHOVNY: No. No.

879
00:41:17,076 --> 00:41:18,643
GATES: He returned to where

880
00:41:18,643 --> 00:41:20,643
he had originally
intended to immigrate.

881
00:41:20,643 --> 00:41:22,143
DUCHOVNY: Wow.

882
00:41:22,143 --> 00:41:24,643
GATES: And do you have any idea
if Moshe ever went to visit?

883
00:41:24,643 --> 00:41:26,009
DUCHOVNY: God, I don't know.

884
00:41:26,009 --> 00:41:28,276
I'm just thinking Moshe
was 18 when he went back,

885
00:41:28,276 --> 00:41:29,743
when Avraham went back?

886
00:41:29,743 --> 00:41:31,176
So he was a young man?

887
00:41:31,176 --> 00:41:33,676
I guess he could
take care of himself and,

888
00:41:33,676 --> 00:41:35,776
they maybe never saw each
other again, I don't know.

889
00:41:35,776 --> 00:41:39,409
GATES: Yeah.
Would you please turn the page?

890
00:41:40,243 --> 00:41:42,076
David, this is a gravestone

891
00:41:42,076 --> 00:41:44,743
is Israel's
Nahalat Yitzhak Cemetery.

892
00:41:44,743 --> 00:41:46,009
Would you please read

893
00:41:46,009 --> 00:41:48,343
the translation of
the Hebrew inscription?

894
00:41:51,009 --> 00:41:52,343
(sighs).

895
00:41:53,876 --> 00:41:56,743
DUCHOVNY: "Here
rests the honorable man,

896
00:41:56,743 --> 00:42:02,609
Abraham Dukhovny departed
December 5, 1942 at age 68."

897
00:42:06,143 --> 00:42:07,543
Mmm.

898
00:42:07,543 --> 00:42:09,243
GATES: That is your
great-grandfather's grave

899
00:42:09,243 --> 00:42:10,343
in Israel.

900
00:42:10,343 --> 00:42:12,343
What's it like to see that?

901
00:42:12,343 --> 00:42:14,809
DUCHOVNY: You know, my life has
been so easy compared to them.

902
00:42:14,809 --> 00:42:16,176
GATES: Hmm.

903
00:42:16,176 --> 00:42:17,976
DUCHOVNY: You know, I, I didn't
grow up with a bunch of money,

904
00:42:17,976 --> 00:42:22,743
but I grew up in Manhattan,
and my parents were, you know,

905
00:42:23,209 --> 00:42:25,309
middle-class folks, they worked,

906
00:42:25,309 --> 00:42:28,843
I ate, I stayed at
the same apartment,

907
00:42:29,409 --> 00:42:33,009
you know, I, I, I
didn't fear for my life.

908
00:42:33,009 --> 00:42:34,276
GATES: Mm-hmm.

909
00:42:34,276 --> 00:42:36,276
DUCHOVNY: I didn't think we
were going to be forced to move.

910
00:42:36,276 --> 00:42:37,576
I, it was solid.

911
00:42:37,576 --> 00:42:38,843
GATES: Mm-hmm.

912
00:42:38,843 --> 00:42:41,843
DUCHOVNY: I had a
solid childhood, you know.

913
00:42:42,143 --> 00:42:46,676
Uhm, but just a
few years earlier,

914
00:42:46,676 --> 00:42:49,676
that would not have been
the case, had I been born...

915
00:42:50,343 --> 00:42:51,809
GATES: 3,000 miles away.
DUCHOVNY: Yeah.

916
00:42:51,809 --> 00:42:53,243
GATES: Yeah.

917
00:42:53,243 --> 00:42:57,309
DUCHOVNY: So, I'm
just lucky in that way,

918
00:42:57,309 --> 00:42:59,609
and the question becomes,

919
00:42:59,609 --> 00:43:03,809
you know, what,
what do you owe or

920
00:43:03,809 --> 00:43:05,409
you know what's
your responsibility?

921
00:43:05,409 --> 00:43:07,843
GATES: Yeah.
DUCHOVNY: I don't know.

922
00:43:09,743 --> 00:43:12,676
GATES: We'd already shown
Richard Kind how ancestors on

923
00:43:12,676 --> 00:43:17,976
both sides of his family tree
immigrated to the United States.

924
00:43:17,976 --> 00:43:21,476
But not all of his family
remained in this country.

925
00:43:22,643 --> 00:43:24,843
Richard's third
great grandfather,

926
00:43:24,843 --> 00:43:28,876
a man named Meyer Wacht,
was born in what is now Poland.

927
00:43:30,276 --> 00:43:33,376
He came to America in 1891 and,

928
00:43:33,376 --> 00:43:37,909
in the ensuing years,
much of his family followed him,

929
00:43:37,909 --> 00:43:42,076
including a nephew
named Avraham Wacht.

930
00:43:42,076 --> 00:43:46,776
Avraham settled in New York,
alongside three of his brothers.

931
00:43:47,043 --> 00:43:48,909
But his new home, apparently,

932
00:43:48,909 --> 00:43:50,709
did not suit him.

933
00:43:51,276 --> 00:43:56,009
Sometime before 1910, he
decided to return to Poland,

934
00:43:56,009 --> 00:43:58,909
where he married
and started a family in

935
00:43:58,909 --> 00:44:01,976
the small town of Narew.

936
00:44:02,476 --> 00:44:06,109
The decision would
have terrible consequences.

937
00:44:07,243 --> 00:44:09,443
Did you ever wonder if you
had any relatives in Europe

938
00:44:09,443 --> 00:44:12,109
during World War II?

939
00:44:12,109 --> 00:44:15,776
KIND: Yes, and I sort of
threw my arms up and said,

940
00:44:15,776 --> 00:44:18,809
"I haven't got anybody.
I, nobody."

941
00:44:18,809 --> 00:44:19,809
GATES: Mm-hmm.

942
00:44:19,809 --> 00:44:21,343
KIND: It's like
I was very lucky.

943
00:44:21,343 --> 00:44:22,709
I know a lot of people...

944
00:44:22,709 --> 00:44:25,776
I know nobody who was
in the 9/11, uh, buildings.

945
00:44:25,776 --> 00:44:27,109
The Trade Towers.

946
00:44:27,109 --> 00:44:30,409
And I never knew
anybody who was related,

947
00:44:30,409 --> 00:44:33,043
who might have
gone to the camps.

948
00:44:33,043 --> 00:44:35,309
GATES: Could you
please turn the page?

949
00:44:36,076 --> 00:44:38,209
KIND: I'm gonna cry, aren't I?

950
00:44:38,209 --> 00:44:39,509
Oh, wow.

951
00:44:39,509 --> 00:44:41,409
GATES: That's Warsaw,
the capital of Poland,

952
00:44:41,409 --> 00:44:43,076
and those are Nazi troops.

953
00:44:43,076 --> 00:44:45,043
Richard, this is the
brother that went back.

954
00:44:45,043 --> 00:44:46,209
KIND: Yep.

955
00:44:46,209 --> 00:44:47,509
GATES: Three stayed,
and one went back.

956
00:44:47,509 --> 00:44:50,676
KIND: And one went back.
Luck of the draw.

957
00:44:51,109 --> 00:44:56,009
GATES: In June of 1941,
the German Army entered Narew.

958
00:44:56,643 --> 00:44:59,743
Avraham Wacht and his
wife and children were among

959
00:44:59,743 --> 00:45:03,843
the town's roughly
300 Jewish residents.

960
00:45:04,043 --> 00:45:08,676
They were soon forced into an
area of less than five acres,

961
00:45:08,909 --> 00:45:12,376
effectively establishing
a closed ghetto.

962
00:45:12,643 --> 00:45:15,876
Incredibly, the only known
account of this ghetto was

963
00:45:15,876 --> 00:45:19,776
written by Avraham's son,
a man named Leibel Wacht.

964
00:45:21,243 --> 00:45:24,743
Leibel was roughly
28 years old at the time,

965
00:45:24,743 --> 00:45:27,509
and his words are
dreadful to read.

966
00:45:29,443 --> 00:45:31,709
KIND: "On the
28th of July, 1941,

967
00:45:31,709 --> 00:45:35,043
the Gestapo came and demanded
that the shtetl pay tribute,

968
00:45:35,043 --> 00:45:37,176
one kilo of gold,
ten kilo of silver,

969
00:45:37,176 --> 00:45:38,976
and 100,000 rubles.

970
00:45:38,976 --> 00:45:43,043
My father, Avraham Wacht,
was told to collect the money.

971
00:45:43,043 --> 00:45:45,909
The Germans took the
money and then beat him badly.

972
00:45:45,909 --> 00:45:48,243
On October 8th, 1941,
the Germans surrounded

973
00:45:48,243 --> 00:45:51,376
the shtetl and all
non-skilled men were taken.

974
00:45:51,376 --> 00:45:53,576
Those who tried
to run were shot.

975
00:45:53,576 --> 00:45:57,109
They were beaten badly, and all
their last possessions taken."

976
00:45:58,143 --> 00:45:59,543
GATES: So what's
it like to learn that

977
00:45:59,543 --> 00:46:01,876
you had relatives
who experienced this?

978
00:46:01,876 --> 00:46:05,009
KIND: Well, any time I
hear about the Holocaust,

979
00:46:05,009 --> 00:46:08,176
of course I'm gonna
have this reaction.

980
00:46:08,176 --> 00:46:11,109
I, it's one of
those things where I,

981
00:46:13,509 --> 00:46:18,076
where I hold the Holocaust
as the great inhumanity,

982
00:46:18,076 --> 00:46:21,443
uh, the, it's, it's awful,
and yet, to try and,

983
00:46:21,443 --> 00:46:23,243
and find the personal place,

984
00:46:23,243 --> 00:46:25,976
other than being
a Jew, I never could.

985
00:46:25,976 --> 00:46:29,876
GATES: Mm-hmm.
KIND: Again, I, I can.

986
00:46:31,609 --> 00:46:34,443
GATES: In November of 1942,

987
00:46:34,443 --> 00:46:38,143
the Germans liquidated
the Narew ghetto.

988
00:46:38,143 --> 00:46:41,509
Most of its population
ended up in the gas chambers

989
00:46:41,509 --> 00:46:44,476
of the Treblinka death camp.

990
00:46:44,476 --> 00:46:48,376
Miraculously, Leibel
managed to escape.

991
00:46:48,376 --> 00:46:51,943
But his family
was not so fortunate.

992
00:46:52,843 --> 00:46:55,009
In the archives of Yad Vashem,

993
00:46:55,009 --> 00:46:57,976
the World Holocaust
Remembrance Center,

994
00:46:57,976 --> 00:47:01,576
we found over
20 testimonials written by

995
00:47:01,576 --> 00:47:06,476
Leibel documenting the
fates of people whom he knew.

996
00:47:06,709 --> 00:47:11,576
Among these symbolic tombstones,
we saw that his father Avraham,

997
00:47:11,576 --> 00:47:15,309
his three siblings, and
his five-year-old nephew

998
00:47:15,309 --> 00:47:18,576
had all perished at
the hands of the Nazis.

999
00:47:22,543 --> 00:47:24,176
KIND: So these
were all my relatives.

1000
00:47:24,176 --> 00:47:25,609
GATES: These are your family.

1001
00:47:25,609 --> 00:47:27,309
So you never
thought you had such

1002
00:47:27,309 --> 00:47:29,076
a tangible connection
to the Holocaust.

1003
00:47:29,076 --> 00:47:31,743
KIND: No, I didn't. Mm-hmm.
GATES: And you've heard of...

1004
00:47:31,743 --> 00:47:35,909
KIND: But, but again,
forgive me, it, I, I,

1005
00:47:35,909 --> 00:47:39,976
I have, it's not a tangible,
but I always felt it.

1006
00:47:39,976 --> 00:47:41,743
GATES: Right.
KIND: I, I always have.

1007
00:47:41,743 --> 00:47:43,043
GATES: Sure.
It's your people.

1008
00:47:43,043 --> 00:47:44,609
KIND: So, it's my people.
GATES: Right.

1009
00:47:44,609 --> 00:47:46,976
KIND: And, and
it's my people, it's,

1010
00:47:46,976 --> 00:47:49,243
you know, it's everything,
it's man, it's,

1011
00:47:49,243 --> 00:47:50,543
you know, it's...

1012
00:47:50,543 --> 00:47:51,843
GATES: Yeah.

1013
00:47:51,843 --> 00:47:54,209
KIND: Because of somebody's race
or religion or whatever it is.

1014
00:47:54,209 --> 00:47:56,509
GATES: Mm-hmm.
KIND: It's just horrible.

1015
00:47:57,943 --> 00:48:01,109
GATES: There is a
grace note to this story.

1016
00:48:01,109 --> 00:48:03,476
Following the war,
Leibel married and

1017
00:48:03,476 --> 00:48:05,709
had children of his own.

1018
00:48:05,709 --> 00:48:10,076
He was one of only a handful
who survived the Narew ghetto.

1019
00:48:10,743 --> 00:48:12,943
And in the
archives of Yad Vashem,

1020
00:48:12,943 --> 00:48:17,676
he described how he did it, in a
way that's truly heart-warming.

1021
00:48:18,476 --> 00:48:21,709
It seems that Leibel was saved
due to his relationship with

1022
00:48:21,709 --> 00:48:25,476
a Polish farmer
named Andrzej Iwaniuk, who,

1023
00:48:25,476 --> 00:48:27,276
together with his family,

1024
00:48:27,276 --> 00:48:30,309
chanced everything to
help his Jewish friend.

1025
00:48:33,876 --> 00:48:37,443
KIND: "In 1942, Iwaniuk
helped me escape the liquidation

1026
00:48:37,443 --> 00:48:40,443
of the ghetto and took me in.

1027
00:48:40,443 --> 00:48:44,109
He prepared a hiding
spot for me in his barn,

1028
00:48:44,109 --> 00:48:47,209
provided me with food and
warm clothing in the winter,

1029
00:48:47,209 --> 00:48:50,209
and once a week,
prepared a hot bath for me.

1030
00:48:50,209 --> 00:48:52,076
In this hiding spot," oh my God,

1031
00:48:52,076 --> 00:48:55,876
"I survived
until May 28th, 1944,

1032
00:48:55,876 --> 00:48:57,976
when the Germans evacuated.

1033
00:48:58,443 --> 00:49:01,043
By helping me, the
Iwaniuks were aware that

1034
00:49:01,043 --> 00:49:02,809
they risked their lives."

1035
00:49:02,809 --> 00:49:04,009
Aww.

1036
00:49:04,009 --> 00:49:07,609
"It's to them
that I owe my life."

1037
00:49:07,609 --> 00:49:08,909
And then the family.

1038
00:49:08,909 --> 00:49:10,409
GATES: Yeah.
KIND: Wow.

1039
00:49:10,409 --> 00:49:12,209
GATES: He survived because
a local farmer and his family

1040
00:49:12,209 --> 00:49:14,643
hid Leibel in their
barn for two years.

1041
00:49:14,643 --> 00:49:16,143
What do you make of that?

1042
00:49:16,143 --> 00:49:18,176
KIND: Every, everything's
right about that story.

1043
00:49:18,176 --> 00:49:19,276
Everything is right.

1044
00:49:19,276 --> 00:49:20,443
GATES: Yeah.

1045
00:49:20,443 --> 00:49:21,609
KIND: It fills
in all the blanks;

1046
00:49:21,609 --> 00:49:23,443
the bravery of the
family that hid him.

1047
00:49:23,443 --> 00:49:24,609
GATES: Yeah.

1048
00:49:24,609 --> 00:49:27,143
KIND: This guy, having
to live there, under a barn.

1049
00:49:27,143 --> 00:49:30,409
Those nightmares,
having to survive that.

1050
00:49:30,409 --> 00:49:32,476
A bath once a week, food.

1051
00:49:32,476 --> 00:49:35,309
GATES: Yeah.
KIND: That's fantastic.

1052
00:49:37,843 --> 00:49:40,876
GATES: The paper trail had now
run out for Richard and David.

1053
00:49:41,976 --> 00:49:44,743
It was time to show them
their full family trees...

1054
00:49:44,743 --> 00:49:47,343
DUCHOVNY: Wow, wow.

1055
00:49:47,343 --> 00:49:49,709
GATES: Filled with
branches stretching back to

1056
00:49:49,709 --> 00:49:52,576
Jewish communities
in Eastern Europe.

1057
00:49:53,109 --> 00:49:57,909
And dotted by ancestors who
left those communities behind.

1058
00:49:58,343 --> 00:50:01,809
You have DNA from
all these people, man.

1059
00:50:01,809 --> 00:50:06,076
Seeing it all laid out
allowed each man to reflect on

1060
00:50:06,076 --> 00:50:10,176
how their own lives had
been shaped by these journeys.

1061
00:50:10,676 --> 00:50:15,009
DUCHOVNY: I have a sense of
place that I didn't have before.

1062
00:50:15,509 --> 00:50:18,709
Uhm, like I said, I
don't identify as Jewish or

1063
00:50:18,709 --> 00:50:20,509
as having a
Jewish history, really.

1064
00:50:20,509 --> 00:50:23,209
Clearly, I do, on, on
this side of my family.

1065
00:50:23,209 --> 00:50:24,309
GATES: Big time.

1066
00:50:24,309 --> 00:50:26,876
DUCHOVNY: I feel
the presence of,

1067
00:50:26,876 --> 00:50:28,276
of all these people...

1068
00:50:28,276 --> 00:50:29,576
GATES: Yeah.

1069
00:50:29,576 --> 00:50:30,809
DUCHOVNY: You know,
in the room, right now.

1070
00:50:30,809 --> 00:50:33,276
KIND: All of this speaks to;
I did not get here alone.

1071
00:50:33,276 --> 00:50:34,876
GATES: Right. You didn't.
KIND: I just didn't.

1072
00:50:34,876 --> 00:50:36,043
GATES: No.

1073
00:50:36,043 --> 00:50:37,276
KIND: And I'm
well aware of that.

1074
00:50:37,276 --> 00:50:38,443
GATES: You're
standing on shoulders.

1075
00:50:38,443 --> 00:50:39,609
KIND: Right. Of course.

1076
00:50:39,609 --> 00:50:41,176
And I knew that,
always accepted it,

1077
00:50:41,176 --> 00:50:43,309
but to see the paper...

1078
00:50:43,309 --> 00:50:45,843
GATES: Mm-hmm.
KIND: This, this astounds me.

1079
00:50:47,643 --> 00:50:50,209
GATES: My time with my
guests was running out,

1080
00:50:50,209 --> 00:50:52,876
but there was a
surprise still to come.

1081
00:50:53,509 --> 00:50:55,343
When we compared their DNA,

1082
00:50:55,343 --> 00:50:58,043
to that of other people
who have been in the series,

1083
00:50:58,043 --> 00:51:00,309
we found a match for David.

1084
00:51:00,743 --> 00:51:04,476
Evidence within his own
chromosomes of a relative

1085
00:51:04,476 --> 00:51:06,909
that he never knew he had.

1086
00:51:10,576 --> 00:51:13,409
DUCHOVNY: No way!
GATES: Yes! John Leguizamo.

1087
00:51:13,709 --> 00:51:14,976
DUCHOVNY: I know him!
GATES: Oh, you do?

1088
00:51:14,976 --> 00:51:17,776
DUCHOVNY: Yeah!
He's a friend of mine!

1089
00:51:17,776 --> 00:51:20,709
That's awesome.

1090
00:51:21,309 --> 00:51:25,409
GATES: David shares an identical
segment of his 15th chromosome

1091
00:51:25,409 --> 00:51:29,009
with his friend and
fellow actor John Leguizamo.

1092
00:51:30,776 --> 00:51:34,576
What's more, he also shares
this DNA with John's mother,

1093
00:51:34,576 --> 00:51:38,376
who has a small
amount of Jewish ancestry.

1094
00:51:38,376 --> 00:51:42,676
Suggesting that all three have a
common Jewish ancestor somewhere

1095
00:51:42,676 --> 00:51:45,943
in the distant branches
of their family trees.

1096
00:51:47,276 --> 00:51:49,076
Isn't that wild?

1097
00:51:49,076 --> 00:51:51,809
DUCHOVNY: That is crazy.
GATES: Go figure.

1098
00:51:51,809 --> 00:51:53,976
DUCHOVNY: That is really crazy.

1099
00:51:55,843 --> 00:51:58,609
GATES: That's the
end of our journey with

1100
00:51:58,609 --> 00:52:00,509
David Duchovny and Richard Kind.

1101
00:52:00,509 --> 00:52:03,276
Join me next time when
we unlock the secrets of

1102
00:52:03,276 --> 00:52:05,343
the past for new guests,

1103
00:52:05,343 --> 00:52:08,209
on another episode
of
Finding Your Roots.