1 00:00:02,712 --> 00:00:04,211 Narrator: A housewife who convinced millions 2 00:00:04,296 --> 00:00:05,754 to share their sightings. 3 00:00:05,840 --> 00:00:07,631 Linda moulton howe: Coral lorenzen 4 00:00:07,717 --> 00:00:09,258 is one of the earliest people who said 5 00:00:09,343 --> 00:00:11,301 there is something serious 6 00:00:11,387 --> 00:00:13,470 about these objects in the sky. 7 00:00:13,556 --> 00:00:17,016 Narrator: A scientist who uncovered shocking new evidence 8 00:00:17,059 --> 00:00:19,268 about a crashed ufo. 9 00:00:19,353 --> 00:00:21,645 Richard dolan: Stanton friedman, more than any one other person, 10 00:00:21,731 --> 00:00:24,023 opened up roswell for the rest of the world. 11 00:00:24,108 --> 00:00:27,651 Narrator: An astronomer who documented close encounters 12 00:00:27,695 --> 00:00:29,445 for the u.S. Military. 13 00:00:29,530 --> 00:00:31,488 Paul hynek: My father really was convinced 14 00:00:31,574 --> 00:00:34,700 that there was just something that was too legitimate 15 00:00:34,744 --> 00:00:36,493 to ignore. 16 00:00:36,537 --> 00:00:40,247 Narrator: Ancient astronaut theorist giorgio tsoukalos, 17 00:00:40,332 --> 00:00:42,166 author david childress, 18 00:00:42,251 --> 00:00:44,043 and former british ministry of defence 19 00:00:44,086 --> 00:00:45,669 officer nick pope, 20 00:00:45,755 --> 00:00:49,381 have come together to examine the groundbreaking work 21 00:00:49,467 --> 00:00:51,925 of pioneering researchers, 22 00:00:52,011 --> 00:00:54,136 investigators, and whistleblowers 23 00:00:54,221 --> 00:00:57,639 who dared to challenge the scientific establishment 24 00:00:57,725 --> 00:00:59,475 and changed the world. 25 00:00:59,560 --> 00:01:01,518 Pope: Without jacques vallée, 26 00:01:01,604 --> 00:01:04,229 we probably wouldn't be having this discussion. 27 00:01:04,273 --> 00:01:06,356 Narrator: But does the final chapter 28 00:01:06,442 --> 00:01:09,068 of their story remain to be written? 29 00:01:09,111 --> 00:01:12,196 Will it soon be revealed, once and for all, 30 00:01:12,281 --> 00:01:14,573 that earth is being visited 31 00:01:14,658 --> 00:01:17,034 by extraterrestrials? 32 00:01:17,119 --> 00:01:19,369 You have to wonder where does this all lead 33 00:01:19,455 --> 00:01:23,332 and will we soon come closer to the truth? 34 00:01:23,417 --> 00:01:26,335 ♪ ♪ 35 00:01:26,420 --> 00:01:29,421 narrator: There is a doorway in the universe... 36 00:01:31,175 --> 00:01:34,384 ...Beyond it is the promise of truth. 37 00:01:35,346 --> 00:01:38,055 It demands we question everything 38 00:01:38,140 --> 00:01:40,349 we have ever been taught. 39 00:01:40,434 --> 00:01:43,102 The evidence is all around us. 40 00:01:44,146 --> 00:01:48,023 The future is right before our eyes. 41 00:01:48,109 --> 00:01:50,651 We are not alone. 42 00:01:50,736 --> 00:01:53,779 We have never been alone. 43 00:02:00,621 --> 00:02:03,163 I'm excited to be here with you guys 44 00:02:03,249 --> 00:02:06,250 talking about the modern ufo phenomenon. 45 00:02:06,293 --> 00:02:08,794 The paradigm has certainly shifted 46 00:02:08,879 --> 00:02:12,464 because 20 years ago it was always deny, deny, deny. 47 00:02:12,550 --> 00:02:15,092 So, you know, I think that 48 00:02:15,177 --> 00:02:17,511 we are living in incredibly exciting times. 49 00:02:17,596 --> 00:02:20,347 We are. Absolutely. And this, of course, 50 00:02:20,432 --> 00:02:24,143 is part of a wider interconnected story. 51 00:02:24,186 --> 00:02:27,396 Revelation after revelation from the government itself. 52 00:02:27,481 --> 00:02:30,482 I also would offer that ancient aliens 53 00:02:30,526 --> 00:02:33,694 has contributed to this paradigm shift 54 00:02:33,779 --> 00:02:36,613 where people are now comfortable 55 00:02:36,699 --> 00:02:39,032 in telling their stories, 56 00:02:39,118 --> 00:02:40,659 their experiences that they've had. 57 00:02:40,703 --> 00:02:43,078 The so-called zeitgeist 58 00:02:43,164 --> 00:02:46,498 has changed in our favor. 59 00:02:46,584 --> 00:02:49,626 And I really think that with whatever is going on 60 00:02:49,712 --> 00:02:51,712 in the modern ufo phenomenon 61 00:02:51,797 --> 00:02:55,674 is directly connected to ancient times. 62 00:02:55,759 --> 00:02:57,843 Well, the ufo phenomenon has been going on 63 00:02:57,887 --> 00:03:01,805 for thousands of years with historical texts 64 00:03:01,891 --> 00:03:03,432 talking about ufos. 65 00:03:03,517 --> 00:03:05,601 Even in the middle ages 66 00:03:05,686 --> 00:03:08,270 you find stories that were printed 67 00:03:08,355 --> 00:03:10,814 in what they used to call broad sheets 68 00:03:10,900 --> 00:03:12,774 of ufos, like, for example, 69 00:03:12,860 --> 00:03:15,277 in nuremberg or in basel. 70 00:03:15,362 --> 00:03:17,821 And they actually have reproductions 71 00:03:17,907 --> 00:03:20,324 of what they saw up in the skies. 72 00:03:20,409 --> 00:03:22,367 Clearly, they did not have photographs back then 73 00:03:22,453 --> 00:03:24,161 but they had drawings. 74 00:03:24,246 --> 00:03:26,788 And the way these things are being reported today 75 00:03:26,874 --> 00:03:29,249 is because we have the technology. 76 00:03:29,335 --> 00:03:31,793 ♪ ♪ 77 00:03:31,879 --> 00:03:34,796 narrator: People have reported strange sightings in the sky 78 00:03:34,882 --> 00:03:37,591 since the earliest recorded history. 79 00:03:37,676 --> 00:03:39,843 For thousands of years, such encounters 80 00:03:39,887 --> 00:03:42,512 were conveyed through oral traditions, 81 00:03:42,598 --> 00:03:45,349 texts and artwork. 82 00:03:45,434 --> 00:03:48,518 But then, in 1839, 83 00:03:48,604 --> 00:03:52,356 french artist louis daguerre provided humankind 84 00:03:52,441 --> 00:03:54,524 with a powerful new technology: 85 00:03:54,610 --> 00:03:56,360 The daguerreotype. 86 00:03:56,445 --> 00:04:00,322 It was the first publicly available photographic process, 87 00:04:00,407 --> 00:04:03,200 and suddenly people were able to share 88 00:04:03,285 --> 00:04:06,370 the exact images they saw with their own eyes. 89 00:04:08,415 --> 00:04:09,831 Just three decades later, 90 00:04:09,917 --> 00:04:14,503 the world got its first alleged ufo photo. 91 00:04:14,588 --> 00:04:18,215 The very first photo that we have of a ufo 92 00:04:18,300 --> 00:04:21,510 is of a-a huge cylindrical craft 93 00:04:21,595 --> 00:04:24,638 over mount washington in new hampshire taken in 1870 94 00:04:24,723 --> 00:04:27,432 right at the very beginning of photography. 95 00:04:29,561 --> 00:04:33,313 Dolan: You see this cloud formation up at mount washington 96 00:04:33,399 --> 00:04:37,317 and you see this very obvious cigar-shaped object. 97 00:04:37,403 --> 00:04:40,445 Of course, many ufo reports 98 00:04:40,489 --> 00:04:42,281 described cigar-shaped objects. 99 00:04:42,366 --> 00:04:45,784 Is the photograph authentic? And turns out it is. 100 00:04:49,331 --> 00:04:52,332 Narrator: As technology evolved over the late 1800s 101 00:04:52,418 --> 00:04:54,626 and early 1900s, 102 00:04:54,712 --> 00:04:58,630 so did humankind's understanding of many long-held assumptions. 103 00:04:58,716 --> 00:05:01,800 Instead of linking strange events in the sky 104 00:05:01,844 --> 00:05:04,970 with the divine, a few inquisitive minds 105 00:05:05,014 --> 00:05:07,556 proposed a profound new explanation. 106 00:05:08,684 --> 00:05:10,559 That intelligent beings from other planets, 107 00:05:10,644 --> 00:05:13,979 who possess technology far beyond our own, 108 00:05:14,064 --> 00:05:16,315 were visiting our world. 109 00:05:18,319 --> 00:05:20,819 One of the first to investigate this possibility 110 00:05:20,863 --> 00:05:22,946 was an american writer and researcher 111 00:05:23,032 --> 00:05:24,656 named charles fort. 112 00:05:24,742 --> 00:05:26,366 Mitch horowitz: People have written about 113 00:05:26,452 --> 00:05:28,869 strange lights in the sky before. 114 00:05:28,954 --> 00:05:32,664 But fort was probably the first person in modern life 115 00:05:32,708 --> 00:05:35,417 who assembled the stories 116 00:05:35,502 --> 00:05:39,296 into his books in a systematic way. 117 00:05:40,507 --> 00:05:44,676 Fort saw it as his job to poke holes in the straight story 118 00:05:44,762 --> 00:05:48,347 of science as it was developing at that time, 119 00:05:48,432 --> 00:05:50,682 and it demonstrated that there was a whole world 120 00:05:50,726 --> 00:05:54,853 of strange unexplained persistent phenomena. 121 00:05:56,231 --> 00:05:59,983 Narrator: In 1919, fort published his landmark collection 122 00:06:00,069 --> 00:06:03,445 of anomalous incidents and strange sightings. 123 00:06:03,530 --> 00:06:06,531 He called it the book of the damned. 124 00:06:06,617 --> 00:06:09,993 Dolan: Now what he meant by that is all of the data 125 00:06:10,079 --> 00:06:13,914 that he incorporated and put into that book was damned 126 00:06:13,999 --> 00:06:16,291 by the scientific world of-of his time. 127 00:06:16,377 --> 00:06:19,711 That's the whole point. This was data that no one would look at. 128 00:06:21,673 --> 00:06:24,716 Narrator: Today the term "fortean" continues to be used 129 00:06:24,760 --> 00:06:27,469 to describe events that cannot be explained 130 00:06:27,554 --> 00:06:29,054 by conventional science. 131 00:06:29,098 --> 00:06:33,558 But it would take 25 years and a world war 132 00:06:33,644 --> 00:06:37,562 for researchers to examine fort's accounts more closely. 133 00:06:38,732 --> 00:06:42,859 So a lot of the modern ufo phenomenon really started 134 00:06:42,945 --> 00:06:44,903 during the second world war. 135 00:06:44,947 --> 00:06:48,365 We had a couple of-of things, aspects to this. 136 00:06:48,450 --> 00:06:51,743 The battle of los angeles-- an amazing event 137 00:06:51,787 --> 00:06:55,372 where upwards of 1,400, uh, 138 00:06:55,457 --> 00:06:57,958 anti-aircraft shells were fired into the air 139 00:06:58,043 --> 00:07:02,712 at something that had been hovering over los angeles. 140 00:07:02,798 --> 00:07:05,424 And there's a photo as well. There's a classic photo... 141 00:07:05,467 --> 00:07:08,802 -Childress: It was on the front page of the l.A. Times. -Pope: Yeah. 142 00:07:08,887 --> 00:07:11,596 Then you have these pilots who see 143 00:07:11,682 --> 00:07:14,433 strange balls of light called foo fighters, 144 00:07:14,518 --> 00:07:17,436 and I couldn't talk about ufos 145 00:07:17,521 --> 00:07:19,896 without, of course, mentioning one word: 146 00:07:19,982 --> 00:07:22,065 -Roswell. -Mm-hmm. 147 00:07:22,151 --> 00:07:24,484 Pope: The military issues a press release 148 00:07:24,570 --> 00:07:26,862 which says we've recovered a flying disc. 149 00:07:26,947 --> 00:07:30,407 So you have these events coming thick and fast, 150 00:07:30,492 --> 00:07:32,451 but who's collating it all? 151 00:07:32,536 --> 00:07:34,578 We should never forget 152 00:07:34,663 --> 00:07:37,038 that, uh, maybe we have it easy now. 153 00:07:37,124 --> 00:07:40,584 We have this vast body of work that we can build on, 154 00:07:40,669 --> 00:07:43,962 and one of the great pioneers of this subject, 155 00:07:44,047 --> 00:07:47,591 who did so much to bring it into the mainstream, 156 00:07:47,676 --> 00:07:49,468 was coral lorenzen. 157 00:07:51,180 --> 00:07:52,888 Narrator: By the 1950s, 158 00:07:52,973 --> 00:07:54,806 thousands of ufo sightings 159 00:07:54,892 --> 00:07:57,017 were being reported around the country. 160 00:07:57,102 --> 00:07:59,436 But while most dismissed these accounts 161 00:07:59,480 --> 00:08:01,521 as little more than curiosity, 162 00:08:01,607 --> 00:08:04,983 one woman in arizona took them seriously: 163 00:08:05,068 --> 00:08:09,696 A 35-year-old housewife named coral lorenzen. 164 00:08:09,781 --> 00:08:12,824 When coral lorenzen was nine years old, 165 00:08:12,910 --> 00:08:15,911 she had her first ufo sighting in a playground 166 00:08:15,996 --> 00:08:17,704 with two friends. 167 00:08:18,749 --> 00:08:21,625 She stated that the craft reminded her 168 00:08:21,710 --> 00:08:24,753 of a parachute without strings. 169 00:08:24,838 --> 00:08:26,630 After her experiences, 170 00:08:26,715 --> 00:08:29,508 what she wanted to do was kind of nail this down 171 00:08:29,551 --> 00:08:32,177 on a scientific basis not just woo-woo stuff. 172 00:08:33,222 --> 00:08:35,430 Narrator: Working out of their home, 173 00:08:35,516 --> 00:08:37,724 coral and her husband jim founded 174 00:08:37,809 --> 00:08:41,645 the aerial phenomenon research organization, or apro, 175 00:08:41,730 --> 00:08:45,023 the world's first public investigation of ufos. 176 00:08:46,902 --> 00:08:50,487 Using little more than her wits and a telephone, 177 00:08:50,572 --> 00:08:53,114 coral collected thousands of unpublished reports 178 00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:55,534 from witnesses around the country. 179 00:08:55,619 --> 00:08:58,161 To rule out planes and unusual weather 180 00:08:58,205 --> 00:09:00,038 as the cause of the sightings, 181 00:09:00,082 --> 00:09:03,500 coral judiciously cross-referenced these accounts 182 00:09:03,544 --> 00:09:06,878 by contacting local airfields and military bases. 183 00:09:09,258 --> 00:09:12,884 Bill birnes: What she was able to do was show there were commonalities 184 00:09:12,970 --> 00:09:16,179 among ufo sightings, there were things that ufos did 185 00:09:16,265 --> 00:09:19,182 and that observers saw that stretched across 186 00:09:19,268 --> 00:09:21,726 different cultures and different parts of the united states. 187 00:09:23,272 --> 00:09:25,855 Narrator: Eventually, coral's organization 188 00:09:25,941 --> 00:09:28,108 grew to have thousands of members 189 00:09:28,193 --> 00:09:31,194 and collected reports from around the world. 190 00:09:31,280 --> 00:09:34,614 Marden: The organization started out small, 191 00:09:34,700 --> 00:09:37,576 but as its reputation grew, 192 00:09:37,619 --> 00:09:41,079 she was able to attract many scientists 193 00:09:41,164 --> 00:09:43,873 and also people in the air force 194 00:09:43,917 --> 00:09:46,084 from other countries. 195 00:09:47,337 --> 00:09:49,671 Narrator: Considered one of the best civilian research groups 196 00:09:49,756 --> 00:09:52,507 of its time, coral lorenzen oversaw 197 00:09:52,593 --> 00:09:55,552 the aerial phenomena research organization 198 00:09:55,637 --> 00:09:57,596 for more than three decades 199 00:09:57,681 --> 00:10:00,599 until her death in 1988. 200 00:10:03,812 --> 00:10:05,687 She set up this group 201 00:10:05,772 --> 00:10:07,564 with thousands of members, 202 00:10:07,649 --> 00:10:10,567 and she was really pulling all this together. 203 00:10:10,652 --> 00:10:14,070 They had representatives in different states in the u.S., 204 00:10:14,156 --> 00:10:16,072 in different countries, too. 205 00:10:16,158 --> 00:10:18,116 Of course, apro as a group, 206 00:10:18,201 --> 00:10:21,786 uh, wound up in 1988, I think it was, 207 00:10:21,872 --> 00:10:25,206 but, of course, mufon-- the mutual ufo network-- 208 00:10:25,292 --> 00:10:28,084 is a spinoff of apro. 209 00:10:28,170 --> 00:10:29,878 So she was really cataloging 210 00:10:29,963 --> 00:10:32,297 a wide variety of ufo activity 211 00:10:32,341 --> 00:10:34,299 all over the world. 212 00:10:34,343 --> 00:10:36,301 What was the reaction back then 213 00:10:36,345 --> 00:10:38,553 when she would call the air force bases? 214 00:10:38,639 --> 00:10:41,931 Would they readily talk to her or would they stonewall her? 215 00:10:42,017 --> 00:10:44,684 She hit some brick walls, and people were probably saying 216 00:10:44,770 --> 00:10:46,811 in the military, "who the heck is this?" 217 00:10:46,897 --> 00:10:50,148 but she was tenacious. She was-- look. 218 00:10:50,192 --> 00:10:53,777 Here's this woman blazing this trail. 219 00:10:53,862 --> 00:10:56,988 Starting almost this whole field of study 220 00:10:57,074 --> 00:10:59,658 which-which we now see today. 221 00:11:05,499 --> 00:11:06,539 Nick, can you tell us about your work 222 00:11:06,625 --> 00:11:07,582 at the british ministry of defence? 223 00:11:07,668 --> 00:11:10,794 Sure. I worked there for 21 years. 224 00:11:11,880 --> 00:11:15,674 And from 1991 through to 1994, 225 00:11:15,717 --> 00:11:19,219 I ran their small ufo program. 226 00:11:19,304 --> 00:11:22,681 My job was to research and investigate the phenomenon, 227 00:11:22,724 --> 00:11:25,266 to determine whether there was anything 228 00:11:25,352 --> 00:11:28,645 of any defense significance, uh, any threat, 229 00:11:28,730 --> 00:11:32,440 anything of more general scientific interest. 230 00:11:32,526 --> 00:11:34,734 Were you the first person to have that position 231 00:11:34,820 --> 00:11:35,902 or was there somebody before you? 232 00:11:35,987 --> 00:11:37,946 Oh, many, many people before me. 233 00:11:38,031 --> 00:11:40,448 Uh, we-we had been looking at this, 234 00:11:40,534 --> 00:11:44,619 um, on an ad hoc basis since the second world war, 235 00:11:44,705 --> 00:11:47,414 and what were some of the challenges 236 00:11:47,499 --> 00:11:50,375 that you were faced with in order to determine 237 00:11:50,460 --> 00:11:52,961 what was a valid sighting? 238 00:11:53,046 --> 00:11:56,381 I mean, was there a certain protocol to the work you did? 239 00:11:56,425 --> 00:11:59,300 Well, there were many challenges, 240 00:11:59,386 --> 00:12:01,845 but the-the protocols 241 00:12:01,888 --> 00:12:03,972 were actually quite set. 242 00:12:04,057 --> 00:12:05,932 We had a standard methodology 243 00:12:06,017 --> 00:12:10,395 very closely modeled on the united states 244 00:12:10,439 --> 00:12:12,814 methodologies developed, in part, 245 00:12:12,899 --> 00:12:14,399 by dr. J. Allen hynek. 246 00:12:16,570 --> 00:12:19,779 Narrator: In 1948, dr. J. Allen hynek 247 00:12:19,865 --> 00:12:22,824 was working as the professor of physics and astronomy 248 00:12:22,909 --> 00:12:24,993 at ohio state university 249 00:12:25,078 --> 00:12:27,620 when he received an unusual job offer. 250 00:12:27,706 --> 00:12:30,331 The u.S. Air force approached him 251 00:12:30,417 --> 00:12:33,752 to investigate ufo sightings. 252 00:12:33,837 --> 00:12:36,671 Reluctantly, he joined the special operation 253 00:12:36,757 --> 00:12:39,841 which would become known as project blue book. 254 00:12:41,136 --> 00:12:43,887 At the beginning, I think my father thought this would be 255 00:12:43,972 --> 00:12:45,889 a few weekends' worth of work 256 00:12:45,974 --> 00:12:48,683 just to pooh-pooh some flying saucer reports 257 00:12:48,769 --> 00:12:52,103 from, you know, mrs. Jones out in poughkeepsie. 258 00:12:54,065 --> 00:12:56,024 Narrator: Despite his skepticism, 259 00:12:56,109 --> 00:12:59,903 dr. Hynek approached the assignment with an open mind. 260 00:12:59,988 --> 00:13:01,905 As part of his investigations, 261 00:13:01,990 --> 00:13:05,867 he pioneered new ways of studying aerial phenomena. 262 00:13:06,870 --> 00:13:08,661 Rather than combing through reports, 263 00:13:08,747 --> 00:13:11,498 dr. Hynek personally investigated sightings 264 00:13:11,583 --> 00:13:14,793 and interviewed eyewitnesses across the country. 265 00:13:16,129 --> 00:13:18,671 Based on his research, he developed a new system 266 00:13:18,757 --> 00:13:21,341 to categorize ufo sightings. 267 00:13:21,426 --> 00:13:23,843 He came up with a classification system 268 00:13:23,929 --> 00:13:28,056 of close encounters of the first, second and third kind. 269 00:13:29,059 --> 00:13:31,893 A close encounter of the first kind 270 00:13:31,978 --> 00:13:35,104 is when you see an object within, say, 500 feet. 271 00:13:36,107 --> 00:13:38,358 A close encounter of the second kind 272 00:13:38,443 --> 00:13:40,610 is when there's some kind of physical trace, 273 00:13:40,695 --> 00:13:42,862 maybe some irradiated dirt. 274 00:13:42,948 --> 00:13:44,739 A close encounter of the third kind 275 00:13:44,825 --> 00:13:47,367 is where you actually have contact 276 00:13:47,452 --> 00:13:49,828 with some type of entity. 277 00:13:52,707 --> 00:13:55,041 Narrator: Dr. Hynek's meticulous application 278 00:13:55,126 --> 00:13:57,919 of the scientific method in his investigations 279 00:13:58,004 --> 00:14:01,089 enabled him to dismiss many alleged sightings 280 00:14:01,174 --> 00:14:05,051 as aircraft, meteors or even stars. 281 00:14:05,679 --> 00:14:09,556 But, curiously, of the more than 12,000 ufo sightings 282 00:14:09,641 --> 00:14:12,100 dr. Hynek's office investigated, 283 00:14:12,185 --> 00:14:16,813 701 remained categorized as "unidentified." 284 00:14:17,858 --> 00:14:20,692 hynek: What my father was fascinated by 285 00:14:20,777 --> 00:14:23,528 were this irreducible core 286 00:14:23,572 --> 00:14:27,448 of five percent of cases that could not be explained. 287 00:14:27,534 --> 00:14:29,576 There was just something that was 288 00:14:29,661 --> 00:14:32,787 too legitimate to ignore. 289 00:14:33,832 --> 00:14:37,834 For many, many years, hynek really just 290 00:14:37,878 --> 00:14:41,880 played the air force's party line on ufos. 291 00:14:41,965 --> 00:14:45,592 But, finally, as you're really getting into the 1960s, 292 00:14:45,677 --> 00:14:47,802 1966 and '67, 293 00:14:47,888 --> 00:14:50,555 hynek makes his public position clear 294 00:14:50,640 --> 00:14:52,891 that this is a serious phenomenon. 295 00:14:52,976 --> 00:14:56,769 Hynek: That set up a really difficult tension because the air force 296 00:14:56,855 --> 00:14:59,606 was getting more sort of stonewalling in their attitude, 297 00:14:59,691 --> 00:15:02,609 and my father really was convinced that there was 298 00:15:02,694 --> 00:15:05,236 a phenomena, but really wanted the word to get out. 299 00:15:06,948 --> 00:15:10,074 Narrator: But rather than expand the investigation, 300 00:15:10,118 --> 00:15:14,579 in 1969, the air force abruptly shut down 301 00:15:14,664 --> 00:15:16,664 project blue book. 302 00:15:17,667 --> 00:15:19,125 In the years that followed, 303 00:15:19,210 --> 00:15:23,046 hynek became an outspoken supporter of ufo research, 304 00:15:23,131 --> 00:15:25,840 publishing numerous books on the subject 305 00:15:25,926 --> 00:15:29,594 until his death in 1986. 306 00:15:29,638 --> 00:15:33,848 Hynek became increasingly disillusioned 307 00:15:33,934 --> 00:15:36,517 with the air force policy on this, 308 00:15:36,603 --> 00:15:39,062 and, yes, he was frustrated. 309 00:15:39,147 --> 00:15:42,565 These people have no interest in going public 310 00:15:42,651 --> 00:15:44,859 -and saying there might be extraterrestrials. -Childress: Right. 311 00:15:44,945 --> 00:15:47,487 And he's privy, as you were, 312 00:15:47,572 --> 00:15:49,197 to classified documents 313 00:15:49,282 --> 00:15:51,157 and, you know, you have to have a security clearance. 314 00:15:51,242 --> 00:15:52,992 He must have had that, too. 315 00:15:53,078 --> 00:15:55,703 So there were things that he could not talk about. 316 00:15:55,789 --> 00:15:57,747 -Wouldn't you think? -I'm sure that's the case. 317 00:15:57,832 --> 00:16:00,124 He was someone on the inside, 318 00:16:00,210 --> 00:16:03,878 and he probably had a deeper understanding 319 00:16:03,964 --> 00:16:05,630 of this phenomenon 320 00:16:05,674 --> 00:16:09,175 than almost anyone else involved at the time. 321 00:16:09,260 --> 00:16:13,221 And, uh, jacques vallée is another fascinating character, 322 00:16:13,306 --> 00:16:16,766 a colleague, of course, of dr. J. Allen hynek 323 00:16:16,851 --> 00:16:20,603 and two of the early, uh, giants in this field. 324 00:16:20,689 --> 00:16:24,065 Without jacques vallée, dr. J. Allen hynek, 325 00:16:24,150 --> 00:16:26,067 we probably wouldn't be sitting around this table 326 00:16:26,152 --> 00:16:28,236 -having this discussion. -Right. 327 00:16:28,321 --> 00:16:31,781 Jacques vallée went back into folklore. 328 00:16:31,866 --> 00:16:34,701 He was one of the first to see and certainly the first 329 00:16:34,786 --> 00:16:37,203 to popularize that-that parallel 330 00:16:37,288 --> 00:16:39,956 between these folkloric accounts 331 00:16:40,041 --> 00:16:41,916 and the more modern accounts of ufos 332 00:16:42,002 --> 00:16:43,835 and, specifically, alien abduction. 333 00:16:43,920 --> 00:16:46,254 Half of my family comes from austria 334 00:16:46,339 --> 00:16:49,716 and there are many folkloric tales 335 00:16:49,801 --> 00:16:53,011 of fairy folk, where a shepherd either disappears 336 00:16:53,054 --> 00:16:54,846 or a shepherd goes to sleep 337 00:16:54,931 --> 00:16:56,973 and doesn't wake up for a week 338 00:16:57,058 --> 00:16:58,933 even though, in his mind, 339 00:16:59,019 --> 00:17:01,102 only two hours have elapsed. 340 00:17:01,187 --> 00:17:03,730 So I think it's wonderful that vallée 341 00:17:03,815 --> 00:17:05,732 looked at those stories 342 00:17:05,817 --> 00:17:07,567 and put them into the context 343 00:17:07,652 --> 00:17:10,945 of potential extraterrestrial encounters. 344 00:17:13,867 --> 00:17:16,117 Jacques is probably our greatest 345 00:17:16,202 --> 00:17:20,580 living scientist and scholar of ufo studies. 346 00:17:20,665 --> 00:17:23,875 He wrote one of the most influential books 347 00:17:23,960 --> 00:17:26,127 that figures into the ufo field, 348 00:17:26,212 --> 00:17:28,379 which is called passport to magonia, 349 00:17:28,423 --> 00:17:32,175 where he ventured the theory that folklore 350 00:17:32,260 --> 00:17:36,054 all throughout the ages, matches up extraordinarily well 351 00:17:36,097 --> 00:17:38,139 with contemporary ufo accounts. 352 00:17:39,225 --> 00:17:42,060 Narrator: In 1961, dr. Jacques vallée 353 00:17:42,103 --> 00:17:45,313 was working as an astronomer with the french space committee 354 00:17:45,398 --> 00:17:49,192 when he noticed a mysterious object orbiting the earth. 355 00:17:51,237 --> 00:17:53,863 This event sparked a lifelong-interest 356 00:17:53,907 --> 00:17:55,907 in the ufo phenomenon 357 00:17:55,992 --> 00:17:57,784 which he continues to investigate 358 00:17:57,869 --> 00:18:01,037 more than six decades later. 359 00:18:01,122 --> 00:18:03,247 Vallée started out in the mid-1960s, 360 00:18:03,333 --> 00:18:05,333 working closely with allen hynek, 361 00:18:05,418 --> 00:18:09,045 doing what you might call standard ufo analysis back then, 362 00:18:09,089 --> 00:18:11,172 looking at various sightings. 363 00:18:12,175 --> 00:18:13,883 Narrator: While working with hynek, 364 00:18:13,968 --> 00:18:16,385 vallée boldly proposed a profound new theory 365 00:18:16,429 --> 00:18:18,846 to explain ufo sightings 366 00:18:18,932 --> 00:18:21,682 and other paranormal experiences. 367 00:18:21,768 --> 00:18:25,061 He argued that many ufos seem to be manipulating 368 00:18:25,105 --> 00:18:26,896 the space-time continuum 369 00:18:26,981 --> 00:18:31,818 and suggested they may not have come from another planet 370 00:18:31,903 --> 00:18:34,028 but from another dimension. 371 00:18:34,114 --> 00:18:37,824 Dr. Jacques vallée was years ahead 372 00:18:37,909 --> 00:18:39,659 of his time. 373 00:18:39,744 --> 00:18:42,954 When everyone else was looking at the nuts and bolts 374 00:18:43,039 --> 00:18:46,040 of ufos and their occupants, 375 00:18:46,126 --> 00:18:48,376 jacques vallée was interested 376 00:18:48,461 --> 00:18:51,671 in the interdimensional phenomena 377 00:18:51,756 --> 00:18:54,257 related to ufo reports. 378 00:18:55,426 --> 00:18:59,804 Hynek: Jacques really helped the field accept the idea 379 00:18:59,889 --> 00:19:03,057 of truly exotic solutions. 380 00:19:03,143 --> 00:19:06,727 Once you really dig into the ufo phenomena, 381 00:19:06,813 --> 00:19:09,814 it's very hard to find one solution 382 00:19:09,899 --> 00:19:13,359 that fits all of the cases that have been reported. 383 00:19:13,444 --> 00:19:16,028 J. Allen hynek, jacques vallée, 384 00:19:16,114 --> 00:19:17,947 were pioneers in this field 385 00:19:18,032 --> 00:19:20,700 and, interesting piece of film trivia, 386 00:19:20,785 --> 00:19:24,495 the classic sci-fi movie close encounters of the third kind, 387 00:19:24,539 --> 00:19:27,290 it's an homage to j. Allen hynek 388 00:19:27,333 --> 00:19:30,376 and spielberg gave him 389 00:19:30,461 --> 00:19:33,379 a little cameo in the movie. 390 00:19:33,464 --> 00:19:35,047 In that wonderful scene 391 00:19:35,133 --> 00:19:37,258 where the mothership comes down at the end, 392 00:19:37,343 --> 00:19:39,135 he's the guy with the pipe. 393 00:19:39,220 --> 00:19:41,053 Childress: And, actually, jacques vallée is depicted 394 00:19:41,139 --> 00:19:43,097 in that movie, too, in a sense. 395 00:19:43,183 --> 00:19:46,142 Isn't he the-the french ufo expert 396 00:19:46,227 --> 00:19:50,730 in the movie who then uses music and tones to communicate 397 00:19:50,815 --> 00:19:53,024 -with the extraterrestrials? -Pope: Yes, indeed. 398 00:19:53,067 --> 00:19:55,193 And a lot of people don't know this, 399 00:19:55,236 --> 00:19:57,737 close encounters of the third kind, 400 00:19:57,822 --> 00:19:59,947 it's based on the story 401 00:20:00,033 --> 00:20:02,533 of one of the great pioneers in this field. 402 00:20:08,166 --> 00:20:11,042 Another pioneer in this field was robert emenegger 403 00:20:11,085 --> 00:20:12,585 who wrote the book ufos: Past, present & future. 404 00:20:12,670 --> 00:20:14,795 Well, there's a fascinating story about him. 405 00:20:14,881 --> 00:20:17,798 He was basically promised 406 00:20:17,884 --> 00:20:20,635 that he would get film footage 407 00:20:20,720 --> 00:20:23,346 of a ufo landing at an air force base. 408 00:20:23,431 --> 00:20:24,597 Really? 409 00:20:25,767 --> 00:20:29,352 Narrator: In 1972, filmmaker robert emenegger 410 00:20:29,395 --> 00:20:32,688 was hired by president richard nixon's chief of staff, 411 00:20:32,774 --> 00:20:36,525 h.R. Haldeman, to produce a documentary film. 412 00:20:36,611 --> 00:20:38,903 The committee to re-elect the president 413 00:20:38,988 --> 00:20:42,073 wanted to make a scientific documentary 414 00:20:42,116 --> 00:20:45,201 that would support nixon. 415 00:20:46,204 --> 00:20:50,039 A documentary about some secret project 416 00:20:50,124 --> 00:20:52,833 that the government's been working on 417 00:20:52,919 --> 00:20:55,086 that can be declassified. 418 00:20:58,007 --> 00:21:00,925 Narrator: But as soon as emenegger started on the project, 419 00:21:01,010 --> 00:21:03,928 it took an unexpected turn. 420 00:21:04,013 --> 00:21:05,930 Holcombe: Bob emenegger was asked, 421 00:21:05,974 --> 00:21:10,476 "how would you like to make a documentary on ufos?" 422 00:21:10,561 --> 00:21:12,603 and bob emenegger was stunned. 423 00:21:13,606 --> 00:21:15,940 He told me at his home, 424 00:21:15,984 --> 00:21:19,860 "I didn't know anything about ufos. I was shocked." 425 00:21:19,946 --> 00:21:22,947 they said if we would make the documentary, 426 00:21:22,991 --> 00:21:24,865 we would be given 427 00:21:24,951 --> 00:21:27,785 600 feet of 16-millimeter film 428 00:21:27,870 --> 00:21:29,996 shot at holloman air force base 429 00:21:30,081 --> 00:21:32,456 of a ufo landing there. 430 00:21:32,542 --> 00:21:34,458 So emenegger agreed to do it. 431 00:21:36,713 --> 00:21:39,171 Narrator: Emenegger set about producing a documentary 432 00:21:39,257 --> 00:21:41,132 that would present the public 433 00:21:41,217 --> 00:21:43,926 with authentic footage of a ufo. 434 00:21:44,012 --> 00:21:46,679 But when it came time to receive the sensational materials 435 00:21:46,764 --> 00:21:48,556 he'd been promised, 436 00:21:48,641 --> 00:21:50,725 the government had a change of heart. 437 00:21:50,810 --> 00:21:53,144 Holcombe: Their white house contact said, 438 00:21:53,229 --> 00:21:56,480 "bob, I hate to tell you, but the film 439 00:21:56,566 --> 00:21:58,858 has been withdrawn." 440 00:21:58,943 --> 00:22:00,818 bob emenegger was crushed. He said, 441 00:22:00,903 --> 00:22:02,987 "why? With everything we've done, 442 00:22:03,031 --> 00:22:06,032 with everything that's in place, why would you do this?" 443 00:22:06,117 --> 00:22:08,576 and he said, "watergate." 444 00:22:09,787 --> 00:22:12,872 grant cameron: They said, "we can't allow you to use the film. 445 00:22:12,957 --> 00:22:15,166 "you have to do your own version of it. 446 00:22:15,209 --> 00:22:16,959 "something that might've happened in the past 447 00:22:17,045 --> 00:22:19,670 may happen in the future." so they did that. 448 00:22:19,714 --> 00:22:22,506 It was a documentary called ufos: Past, present & future. 449 00:22:22,592 --> 00:22:25,092 And they also had a book by the same name. 450 00:22:26,637 --> 00:22:28,804 Narrator: Even without the military's footage, 451 00:22:28,848 --> 00:22:32,600 the 1974 release of emenegger's documentary 452 00:22:32,685 --> 00:22:36,228 caused a stir among the ufo community. 453 00:22:37,273 --> 00:22:39,190 And many believe the alleged encounter 454 00:22:39,233 --> 00:22:41,233 at holloman air force base 455 00:22:41,319 --> 00:22:44,612 influenced a much more famous film. 456 00:22:44,697 --> 00:22:47,073 The documentary is done in 1975. 457 00:22:47,158 --> 00:22:49,158 Steven spielberg's close encounters of the third kind 458 00:22:49,243 --> 00:22:51,744 came out in 1977. 459 00:22:51,829 --> 00:22:54,246 So when you see close encounters of the third kind, 460 00:22:54,332 --> 00:22:56,165 it's the holloman air force base story. 461 00:22:56,250 --> 00:22:57,708 Just changed the location. 462 00:22:57,794 --> 00:22:59,293 It's exactly what the story was. 463 00:23:01,297 --> 00:23:04,757 Narrator: On December 14, 1977, 464 00:23:04,842 --> 00:23:07,134 close encounters of the third kind 465 00:23:07,220 --> 00:23:09,804 opens in wide release across america, 466 00:23:09,889 --> 00:23:13,682 grossing over $10 million its first week. 467 00:23:13,768 --> 00:23:17,770 But could it have been based on an actual event? 468 00:23:17,855 --> 00:23:19,814 This is a fascinating story 469 00:23:19,899 --> 00:23:23,567 of a ufo landing at an air force base. 470 00:23:23,653 --> 00:23:26,278 And, look, the military themselves 471 00:23:26,364 --> 00:23:28,906 maybe can't just come out and say this 472 00:23:28,991 --> 00:23:32,743 because, uh, implicit in that admission 473 00:23:32,787 --> 00:23:34,578 would be an admission that 474 00:23:34,622 --> 00:23:37,081 they lied about this for decades. 475 00:23:37,166 --> 00:23:41,919 But I think, also, that we can handle this, this truth. 476 00:23:41,963 --> 00:23:43,712 A long time ago, people would say, 477 00:23:43,756 --> 00:23:45,923 "well, how do you deal with the skeptics?" 478 00:23:45,967 --> 00:23:48,092 one of the pioneers who, unfortunately, 479 00:23:48,177 --> 00:23:50,678 is no longer with us 'cause he passed away 480 00:23:50,763 --> 00:23:53,764 only a few years ago, is dr. Stanton friedman 481 00:23:53,850 --> 00:23:55,766 the nuclear physicist. 482 00:23:55,810 --> 00:23:59,979 Pope: Stanton friedman was an absolute powerhouse in this field. 483 00:24:00,064 --> 00:24:02,731 Over the course of that career, 484 00:24:02,775 --> 00:24:05,317 he gave, I-I-- goodness, I don't have a figure. 485 00:24:05,403 --> 00:24:08,320 I-it's hundreds-- I think it's thousands 486 00:24:08,406 --> 00:24:10,865 of individual presentations 487 00:24:10,950 --> 00:24:12,908 at schools, colleges, 488 00:24:12,994 --> 00:24:16,036 um, a-all sorts of different places, 489 00:24:16,122 --> 00:24:18,664 and he was a-a crusader, 490 00:24:18,749 --> 00:24:20,583 an evangelist for this subject, 491 00:24:20,668 --> 00:24:24,753 and I-I couldn't talk about stanton 492 00:24:24,839 --> 00:24:27,715 without, of course, mentioning roswell. 493 00:24:28,885 --> 00:24:31,719 Narrator: As interest in the ufo phenomenon grew, 494 00:24:31,804 --> 00:24:33,888 some of the nation's top scientists 495 00:24:33,973 --> 00:24:36,265 began their own investigations, 496 00:24:36,309 --> 00:24:40,686 including nuclear physicist dr. Stanton friedman. 497 00:24:40,771 --> 00:24:44,648 One of dr. Friedman's most significant contributions 498 00:24:44,734 --> 00:24:46,734 to the study of ufos 499 00:24:46,819 --> 00:24:48,652 was his research into an incident 500 00:24:48,738 --> 00:24:51,989 in roswell, new mexico in 1947 501 00:24:52,074 --> 00:24:55,034 when a flying saucer allegedly crashed 502 00:24:55,119 --> 00:24:58,829 and was swiftly covered up by the u.S. Military. 503 00:24:58,915 --> 00:25:02,291 Stanton friedman's the man who interviewed jesse marcel sr. 504 00:25:02,335 --> 00:25:05,377 Who was the most important of the roswell witnesses. 505 00:25:05,463 --> 00:25:07,338 Narrator: Major jesse marcel 506 00:25:07,381 --> 00:25:09,131 was the head intelligence officer 507 00:25:09,217 --> 00:25:11,217 at roswell army airfield. 508 00:25:11,302 --> 00:25:14,178 He and brigadier general roger ramey, 509 00:25:14,263 --> 00:25:16,180 head of the eighth air force, 510 00:25:16,224 --> 00:25:19,183 were the officers tasked with transporting the debris 511 00:25:19,268 --> 00:25:22,853 recovered from the roswell crash site to fort worth, texas 512 00:25:22,939 --> 00:25:24,939 to present to the media. 513 00:25:25,024 --> 00:25:27,191 In his interview with stanton friedman, 514 00:25:27,276 --> 00:25:30,069 major marcel made a shocking admission. 515 00:25:30,154 --> 00:25:31,695 He claimed that general ramey 516 00:25:31,739 --> 00:25:34,698 replaced the real roswell debris. 517 00:25:34,784 --> 00:25:37,868 Birnes: Major marcel explained how they swapped 518 00:25:37,912 --> 00:25:41,872 the roswell debris with radar material from a radar balloon. 519 00:25:41,916 --> 00:25:44,667 And he had to swear that's what he saw. 520 00:25:44,752 --> 00:25:48,379 So the point is that stanton 521 00:25:48,464 --> 00:25:50,881 unearthed a lot of this material 522 00:25:50,967 --> 00:25:53,300 and was the first person to make it public. 523 00:25:53,386 --> 00:25:56,262 Narrator: Stanton alleged that the military was engaged 524 00:25:56,347 --> 00:25:59,014 in a widespread coverup of the existence 525 00:25:59,100 --> 00:26:01,225 of extraterrestrial life, 526 00:26:01,269 --> 00:26:05,187 a scandal so big he called it the "cosmic watergate." 527 00:26:05,273 --> 00:26:08,732 if you pick up a ufo book written in the '50s 528 00:26:08,776 --> 00:26:10,317 and if it's got an index, 529 00:26:10,403 --> 00:26:12,403 and you think, "oh, I'll look up roswell," 530 00:26:12,488 --> 00:26:14,697 you won't find it. It's not there. 531 00:26:14,782 --> 00:26:18,993 The rediscovery of roswell is really credited 532 00:26:19,078 --> 00:26:21,078 -to stanton friedman. -Interesting. 533 00:26:26,335 --> 00:26:28,252 You know, we've actually been working 534 00:26:28,296 --> 00:26:30,129 all these years with one of the earliest 535 00:26:30,214 --> 00:26:32,006 modern ufo researchers 536 00:26:32,091 --> 00:26:33,757 and pioneers that exist. 537 00:26:33,801 --> 00:26:35,801 She's a specialist in cattle mutilations. 538 00:26:35,886 --> 00:26:39,138 She's a specialist in ufos and roswell, 539 00:26:39,223 --> 00:26:42,099 our own linda moulton howe. 540 00:26:43,227 --> 00:26:44,977 Narrator: For more than four decades, 541 00:26:45,062 --> 00:26:47,438 investigative reporter linda moulton howe 542 00:26:47,523 --> 00:26:49,773 has been researching a potential 543 00:26:49,859 --> 00:26:53,110 extraterrestrial presence on earth. 544 00:26:53,195 --> 00:26:58,032 She has received numerous awards for journalistic excellence 545 00:26:58,117 --> 00:27:01,118 including an emmy for her 1980 documentary 546 00:27:01,203 --> 00:27:03,495 on cattle mutilations titled, 547 00:27:03,581 --> 00:27:05,164 a strange harvest. 548 00:27:05,249 --> 00:27:09,126 Today she is the reporter and editor of the website 549 00:27:09,211 --> 00:27:12,630 earthfiles.Com, which contains an archive 550 00:27:12,715 --> 00:27:16,967 of nearly 3,000 in-depth ufo reports. 551 00:27:18,012 --> 00:27:20,638 She's actually waiting to speak with us 552 00:27:20,723 --> 00:27:22,556 with a video call. 553 00:27:23,643 --> 00:27:25,643 Tsoukalos: Hi, linda. Good to see you. 554 00:27:25,686 --> 00:27:27,811 Hi, guys. It's great to see you. 555 00:27:27,897 --> 00:27:29,647 So tell us, please, 556 00:27:29,732 --> 00:27:32,107 what got you started in this field? 557 00:27:32,193 --> 00:27:34,693 I am a professional tv producer 558 00:27:34,779 --> 00:27:36,654 and an investigative reporter. 559 00:27:36,739 --> 00:27:39,490 In September of 1979, 560 00:27:39,575 --> 00:27:41,659 I was director of special projects 561 00:27:41,744 --> 00:27:44,495 at the cbs station in denver, colorado. 562 00:27:44,538 --> 00:27:47,039 And late in that summer, there were headlines 563 00:27:47,124 --> 00:27:49,792 in the denver post and the rocky mountain news 564 00:27:49,877 --> 00:27:53,712 about bloodless, trackless animal mutilations 565 00:27:53,798 --> 00:27:56,048 in colorado and surrounding states. 566 00:27:56,133 --> 00:27:58,842 I wanted to find out what 567 00:27:58,928 --> 00:28:03,138 did this mean, "a bloodless, trackless animal mutilation"? 568 00:28:03,224 --> 00:28:05,516 This gets me involved, and we do this 569 00:28:05,559 --> 00:28:07,226 for my film a strange harvest. 570 00:28:07,311 --> 00:28:09,812 There was a classic pattern 571 00:28:09,897 --> 00:28:12,022 from case to case to case 572 00:28:12,108 --> 00:28:15,609 where these animals have the same tissue taken: 573 00:28:15,695 --> 00:28:19,029 Ear, eye, tongue, jaw, genitals and rectum. 574 00:28:19,115 --> 00:28:21,490 And those were excisions 575 00:28:21,534 --> 00:28:24,535 that really baffled the sheriffs and the veterinarians 576 00:28:24,620 --> 00:28:27,871 because the bone where the cut was made 577 00:28:27,957 --> 00:28:32,251 glistened like somebody had melted and then polished. 578 00:28:32,336 --> 00:28:34,253 Right. This would imply 579 00:28:34,338 --> 00:28:36,964 some type of external technology. 580 00:28:37,049 --> 00:28:39,758 Pope: I'm wondering in your research with 581 00:28:39,844 --> 00:28:41,885 the hundreds of people you've spoken to, 582 00:28:41,971 --> 00:28:44,930 not just the ranchers, but fellow journalists, 583 00:28:45,015 --> 00:28:47,725 broadcasters, the veterinarians, 584 00:28:47,810 --> 00:28:50,728 what is your bottom line conclusions? 585 00:28:50,771 --> 00:28:52,187 Who's doing this and why? 586 00:28:52,273 --> 00:28:55,566 Well, nick, there is no evidence beyond 587 00:28:55,651 --> 00:28:57,151 the bodies of these animals. 588 00:28:57,236 --> 00:28:59,820 But one of the ranchers 589 00:28:59,905 --> 00:29:02,072 told me that one night he saw 590 00:29:02,158 --> 00:29:06,034 a round, glowing disc-- is all he could see-- 591 00:29:06,078 --> 00:29:08,829 put a beam right down into one of his pastures 592 00:29:08,914 --> 00:29:10,831 where they had been having mutilations 593 00:29:10,916 --> 00:29:12,666 around in a large area. 594 00:29:12,752 --> 00:29:15,586 And in that beam of light, 595 00:29:15,671 --> 00:29:18,088 he saw one of his animals. 596 00:29:19,175 --> 00:29:22,009 The sheriff told me this himself. 597 00:29:22,094 --> 00:29:24,595 He said, "I know that the perpetrators 598 00:29:24,680 --> 00:29:27,055 "of these bloodless animal mutilations 599 00:29:27,141 --> 00:29:28,932 are creatures from outer space." 600 00:29:30,311 --> 00:29:32,603 and I felt like I had been hit 601 00:29:32,646 --> 00:29:34,271 with an electrical shock. 602 00:29:36,650 --> 00:29:38,942 Narrator: Creatures from outer space? 603 00:29:39,028 --> 00:29:41,779 Could extraterrestrials be responsible 604 00:29:41,864 --> 00:29:44,323 for the bizarre animal mutilations 605 00:29:44,408 --> 00:29:48,202 that have been reported by ranchers all over the country? 606 00:29:48,287 --> 00:29:51,121 But, if so, to what end? 607 00:29:51,165 --> 00:29:53,916 Howe: I have literally interviewed thousands now. 608 00:29:54,001 --> 00:29:56,251 You hear, 609 00:29:56,337 --> 00:29:59,671 "I saw this kind of light." 610 00:29:59,757 --> 00:30:03,300 "I saw this beam lowering an animal to the pasture, 611 00:30:03,385 --> 00:30:05,177 and it was mutilated." 612 00:30:05,262 --> 00:30:07,304 somebody else saw this animal coming up 613 00:30:07,389 --> 00:30:10,808 in a beam of light, and later it was found mutilated. 614 00:30:10,851 --> 00:30:13,644 And what people were describing 615 00:30:13,729 --> 00:30:15,687 in the 20th century 616 00:30:15,773 --> 00:30:19,942 are what people were describing in the third century 617 00:30:20,027 --> 00:30:22,653 or 500 bc 618 00:30:22,738 --> 00:30:24,822 or going back in time. 619 00:30:24,907 --> 00:30:28,158 And it's not just the united states. 620 00:30:28,202 --> 00:30:30,994 It's canada, mexico, central america, 621 00:30:31,080 --> 00:30:34,206 south america, australia, new zealand, 622 00:30:34,291 --> 00:30:36,416 all of western europe 623 00:30:36,502 --> 00:30:39,002 and going into eastern europe. 624 00:30:40,214 --> 00:30:43,674 Narrator: According to the fbi, thousands of cattle mutilations 625 00:30:43,759 --> 00:30:47,678 have been reported across the u.S. Since the 1970s. 626 00:30:47,721 --> 00:30:50,889 Linda's pioneering investigations 627 00:30:50,975 --> 00:30:53,308 forced those who study the ufo phenomenon 628 00:30:53,394 --> 00:30:56,186 to consider a chilling proposition: 629 00:30:56,272 --> 00:30:59,731 That extraterrestrial beings aren't just here 630 00:30:59,817 --> 00:31:01,400 to observe us. 631 00:31:01,485 --> 00:31:04,695 They may have an agenda for our planet. 632 00:31:05,865 --> 00:31:09,157 Howe: I think it's important to get across that 633 00:31:09,201 --> 00:31:12,035 there are real people who have been afraid 634 00:31:12,121 --> 00:31:14,830 to come forward and describe 635 00:31:14,874 --> 00:31:17,040 what they actually saw with their own eyes 636 00:31:17,084 --> 00:31:19,376 because they didn't have video proof 637 00:31:19,461 --> 00:31:21,879 and they don't want to be criticized. 638 00:31:21,964 --> 00:31:25,215 Tsoukalos: Well, linda, this has been absolutely invaluable, 639 00:31:25,301 --> 00:31:28,802 and we are all so lucky to have you on board with us. 640 00:31:28,888 --> 00:31:31,096 So we thank you very much for your time. 641 00:31:31,181 --> 00:31:33,724 Thank you, giorgio. 642 00:31:33,767 --> 00:31:35,726 -That was incredible. -Wow. That was pretty interesting. 643 00:31:35,811 --> 00:31:38,353 She was like the first dogged reporter, 644 00:31:38,439 --> 00:31:40,480 investigative reporter, you know, phoning up people, 645 00:31:40,566 --> 00:31:42,482 going to those sites, interviewing people. 646 00:31:42,568 --> 00:31:45,319 Yeah, it-it brings it home 647 00:31:45,404 --> 00:31:47,988 that these ufos have real 648 00:31:48,073 --> 00:31:50,866 tangible, physical effects 649 00:31:50,951 --> 00:31:53,410 and that means it's not just imagination. It's real. 650 00:31:59,293 --> 00:32:01,126 By the way, the u.S. Government 651 00:32:01,211 --> 00:32:03,253 is one of the last governments to admit 652 00:32:03,339 --> 00:32:05,172 there is a ufo phenomenon. 653 00:32:05,257 --> 00:32:06,757 But now we all actually know that the u.S. Government 654 00:32:06,842 --> 00:32:09,593 has been investigating this since the '40s. 655 00:32:09,678 --> 00:32:13,847 Absolutely. And records, files, documents, 656 00:32:13,933 --> 00:32:17,601 are being declassified and released in record numbers. 657 00:32:17,686 --> 00:32:19,061 In the united kingdom, for example, 658 00:32:19,146 --> 00:32:20,604 we've declassified and released 659 00:32:20,689 --> 00:32:23,649 about 60,000 pages 660 00:32:23,734 --> 00:32:26,985 of ufo documents, some of which were very highly classified. 661 00:32:27,071 --> 00:32:29,613 And so we get 662 00:32:29,657 --> 00:32:31,698 this fuller picture of what's going on. 663 00:32:31,784 --> 00:32:34,952 And now, you know, uh, almost everybody who has had 664 00:32:35,037 --> 00:32:37,204 an experience feels 665 00:32:37,289 --> 00:32:40,624 compelled to come forward to tell their story. 666 00:32:40,709 --> 00:32:44,127 I mean, this reminds me of one influential person 667 00:32:44,171 --> 00:32:46,171 and modern pioneer, bob lazar. 668 00:32:46,256 --> 00:32:47,798 Yes, uh, he was somebody 669 00:32:47,883 --> 00:32:52,010 who first spoke out in 1989. 670 00:32:53,222 --> 00:32:57,057 Dolan: Bob lazar is someone who became famous back in 1989 671 00:32:57,142 --> 00:33:00,644 as a result of a very specific claim that he made. 672 00:33:01,730 --> 00:33:03,981 And that claim is that he worked 673 00:33:04,024 --> 00:33:06,066 at a place just south of area 51. 674 00:33:06,151 --> 00:33:08,110 He called it s4. 675 00:33:08,195 --> 00:33:10,237 He was interviewed by a las vegas journalist, 676 00:33:10,322 --> 00:33:13,907 george knapp in a series of very detailed interviews. 677 00:33:15,285 --> 00:33:18,495 We put him on the air, blacked out his face, 678 00:33:18,580 --> 00:33:20,080 and he told this incredible story. 679 00:33:21,875 --> 00:33:23,834 Knapp: Exactly what's going on up there? 680 00:33:23,877 --> 00:33:26,837 Bob lazar: Well, there's several, uh, actually nine, 681 00:33:26,922 --> 00:33:29,923 uh, flying saucers, flying discs, 682 00:33:30,009 --> 00:33:33,677 uh, that are out there of extraterrestrial origin. 683 00:33:33,762 --> 00:33:37,639 He said it's a secret that needed to be told to the world, 684 00:33:37,725 --> 00:33:39,683 that his life was in danger, 685 00:33:39,727 --> 00:33:42,978 and that he was coming forward and, uh, and wanted to tell it. 686 00:33:43,063 --> 00:33:46,857 I could feel my jaw dropping. Is this real? 687 00:33:47,943 --> 00:33:50,193 We left there thinking, "wow. If this is real, 688 00:33:50,279 --> 00:33:52,070 this is a really big story." 689 00:33:52,156 --> 00:33:55,073 so we decided, well, let's take the time 690 00:33:55,159 --> 00:33:56,742 and get this right. 691 00:33:57,786 --> 00:33:59,661 Narrator: Over the next eight months, 692 00:33:59,747 --> 00:34:02,080 knapp conducted a thorough investigation 693 00:34:02,166 --> 00:34:05,083 of lazar's sensational claims. 694 00:34:05,169 --> 00:34:09,004 According to lazar, before he worked at s4, 695 00:34:09,089 --> 00:34:12,841 he as a physicist at the los alamos national laboratory-- 696 00:34:12,926 --> 00:34:16,845 the facility that developed the atomic bomb. 697 00:34:16,930 --> 00:34:18,889 The central question for me was, 698 00:34:18,974 --> 00:34:21,224 "did he work at los alamos?" 699 00:34:21,310 --> 00:34:23,727 because if he did, 700 00:34:23,812 --> 00:34:26,897 it would at least be plausible that if he worked there 701 00:34:26,982 --> 00:34:29,566 in a technical or scientific position, that he could also 702 00:34:29,651 --> 00:34:31,234 be hired at a place like s4. 703 00:34:31,320 --> 00:34:33,779 So that's where we focused our attention. 704 00:34:33,864 --> 00:34:35,906 I started calling los alamos. 705 00:34:35,991 --> 00:34:39,284 At first, "no. We have no record of a guy named bob lazar." 706 00:34:39,369 --> 00:34:42,162 I got the phone book from the los alamos lab. 707 00:34:42,247 --> 00:34:44,915 There's his name in the phone book. I call them back and said, 708 00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:46,875 "hey, he's in the phone book." 709 00:34:46,960 --> 00:34:49,669 they finally sort of exasperatingly told me, 710 00:34:49,755 --> 00:34:53,173 "yeah, we've got a record of him being here." 711 00:34:53,258 --> 00:34:56,259 we found bob lazar to be credible, um, 712 00:34:56,345 --> 00:34:59,971 about his background, his, uh, his scientific training, 713 00:35:00,057 --> 00:35:01,681 where he had worked. 714 00:35:02,726 --> 00:35:04,810 Narrator: For more than two decades, 715 00:35:04,895 --> 00:35:07,020 bob lazar's critics claimed 716 00:35:07,106 --> 00:35:09,981 there was no evidence of any secret military base 717 00:35:10,067 --> 00:35:12,109 in the nevada desert. 718 00:35:12,194 --> 00:35:14,319 But then, in 2013, 719 00:35:14,404 --> 00:35:17,697 a freedom of information act request 720 00:35:17,783 --> 00:35:20,117 forced the cia to finally acknowledge 721 00:35:20,202 --> 00:35:23,078 that area 51 is real. 722 00:35:23,163 --> 00:35:25,038 Corbell: The story of area 51-- 723 00:35:25,124 --> 00:35:28,625 it exploded around the world. 724 00:35:28,710 --> 00:35:30,710 The reason you know about area 51 725 00:35:30,796 --> 00:35:32,754 is because bob lazar and george knapp 726 00:35:32,840 --> 00:35:35,924 on the news, 1989, made it a household name. 727 00:35:36,009 --> 00:35:37,384 That's the reason. 728 00:35:38,387 --> 00:35:40,971 All of that came from bob lazar. 729 00:35:42,015 --> 00:35:43,723 Narrator: To many researchers, 730 00:35:43,809 --> 00:35:46,309 the government's acknowledgement of area 51 731 00:35:46,395 --> 00:35:50,188 established lazar as more than a ufo pioneer. 732 00:35:50,274 --> 00:35:54,317 His inside access made him a whistleblower. 733 00:35:55,904 --> 00:35:57,904 My name's bob lazar. 734 00:35:57,990 --> 00:36:01,992 I'm known for working at a classified base 735 00:36:02,077 --> 00:36:04,619 known as s4 out in the nevada desert 736 00:36:04,663 --> 00:36:06,371 near area 51, 737 00:36:06,456 --> 00:36:09,332 and there we reverse-engineered 738 00:36:09,376 --> 00:36:11,001 alien spacecraft. 739 00:36:12,212 --> 00:36:16,298 Narrator: But could lazar's sensational claims be true? 740 00:36:16,383 --> 00:36:19,801 Former air force pilot captain david fruehauf 741 00:36:19,887 --> 00:36:22,220 worked at area 51 742 00:36:22,306 --> 00:36:26,057 from 1979 until 1985. 743 00:36:26,143 --> 00:36:29,686 And while he was never shown any alien technology, 744 00:36:29,771 --> 00:36:32,189 he attests that bob lazar's account 745 00:36:32,274 --> 00:36:35,025 of the facility is entirely accurate. 746 00:36:36,778 --> 00:36:39,196 When I was there, we knew about s4, 747 00:36:39,281 --> 00:36:41,239 but we didn't know what they did. 748 00:36:42,242 --> 00:36:45,702 And I know people that had worked for me 749 00:36:45,787 --> 00:36:49,456 that after I left there, they had seen bob lazar there, 750 00:36:49,541 --> 00:36:51,666 and they admitted that to me recently. 751 00:36:51,752 --> 00:36:55,212 Bob lazar's statements and all the things he had said 752 00:36:55,297 --> 00:36:57,214 have gelled now to the point 753 00:36:57,299 --> 00:36:59,549 where I think he's very credible. 754 00:37:01,803 --> 00:37:03,428 It doesn't necessarily prove 755 00:37:03,513 --> 00:37:06,056 every aspect of bob lazar's story, 756 00:37:06,141 --> 00:37:08,183 but bob lazar said there was an area 51 757 00:37:08,268 --> 00:37:10,685 and the government then said, "yeah, okay there is." 758 00:37:10,771 --> 00:37:13,104 -so it makes one wonder. -Right. 759 00:37:13,190 --> 00:37:15,899 I mean, look, if roswell was real, uh, 760 00:37:15,943 --> 00:37:17,734 they had to take the wreckage somewhere, 761 00:37:17,819 --> 00:37:20,737 and, of course, it stands to reason we'd want to know, 762 00:37:20,781 --> 00:37:22,447 uh, can we build these things ourselves? 763 00:37:22,532 --> 00:37:25,700 Can we develop this technology? You'd do it somewhere. 764 00:37:25,786 --> 00:37:27,994 What better place than area 51? 765 00:37:28,080 --> 00:37:31,289 And area 51 today is part of our pop culture. 766 00:37:31,375 --> 00:37:34,042 -I mean, everyone knows about area 51. -Tsoukalos: Right. 767 00:37:34,127 --> 00:37:36,503 I think that anyone who genuinely 768 00:37:36,588 --> 00:37:38,421 looks into the ufo phenomenon-- 769 00:37:38,507 --> 00:37:42,175 you have to come away with some belief in it. 770 00:37:42,261 --> 00:37:44,261 There's no getting away from the fact 771 00:37:44,346 --> 00:37:46,304 that we are in a stronger position 772 00:37:46,390 --> 00:37:50,183 now, in terms of evidence, than we've ever been. 773 00:37:50,269 --> 00:37:52,310 And, actually, when this is accepted, 774 00:37:52,396 --> 00:37:56,022 we are going to have to fundamentally rethink 775 00:37:56,108 --> 00:37:57,941 our place in the wider cosmos. 776 00:37:58,026 --> 00:37:59,276 Right. Yes. 777 00:38:06,326 --> 00:38:08,785 Well, gentlemen, this has been a fascinating conversation. 778 00:38:08,870 --> 00:38:11,788 So with everything that we have so far, 779 00:38:11,873 --> 00:38:14,082 cattle mutilations, ufo sightings, 780 00:38:14,126 --> 00:38:15,959 and also ancient stories that pretty much speak 781 00:38:16,003 --> 00:38:17,627 of the same thing, 782 00:38:17,671 --> 00:38:19,462 you have to wonder 783 00:38:19,506 --> 00:38:23,466 where does this all lead and will we soon come closer 784 00:38:23,552 --> 00:38:25,010 to the truth? 785 00:38:25,095 --> 00:38:26,469 Childress: There's an amazing consistency 786 00:38:26,555 --> 00:38:27,971 to all of these reports. 787 00:38:28,015 --> 00:38:30,974 And when you put them all in totality, 788 00:38:31,059 --> 00:38:33,852 it's just not something you can dismiss. 789 00:38:33,937 --> 00:38:35,979 -Something's going on. -Pope: It is. 790 00:38:36,023 --> 00:38:37,981 And we're building up to something. 791 00:38:39,526 --> 00:38:41,484 Pilot: My gosh. 792 00:38:41,570 --> 00:38:43,528 Pope: We have military pilots, 793 00:38:43,613 --> 00:38:46,698 and radar operators, going on the record with this, 794 00:38:46,783 --> 00:38:49,659 government officials who have been involved 795 00:38:49,745 --> 00:38:51,619 in these sorts of programs, 796 00:38:51,663 --> 00:38:54,831 we have declassification of documents. 797 00:38:54,875 --> 00:38:56,666 Childress: It seems to be 798 00:38:56,752 --> 00:38:58,960 the beginning of disclosure, in a sense. 799 00:38:59,046 --> 00:39:03,506 Narrator: Could disclosure, in fact, already be happening 800 00:39:03,550 --> 00:39:06,801 with evidence coming from many sources? 801 00:39:06,887 --> 00:39:09,137 In December 2020, 802 00:39:09,222 --> 00:39:12,182 former cia director john brennan 803 00:39:12,225 --> 00:39:14,851 made a surprising statement about ufos 804 00:39:14,895 --> 00:39:17,520 on the conversations with tyler podcast. 805 00:39:17,564 --> 00:39:19,647 I think some of the phenomena we're going to be seeing 806 00:39:19,733 --> 00:39:22,025 continues to be, uh, unexplained 807 00:39:22,069 --> 00:39:24,194 and might, in fact, 808 00:39:24,279 --> 00:39:26,029 be a different form of life. 809 00:39:28,784 --> 00:39:31,618 We are living through a remarkable turning point 810 00:39:31,703 --> 00:39:33,703 right now in ufo studies. 811 00:39:33,789 --> 00:39:36,706 We don't know what these objects are, 812 00:39:36,792 --> 00:39:39,751 but the fact that these objects are documented, 813 00:39:39,836 --> 00:39:41,544 backed by evidence, 814 00:39:41,630 --> 00:39:45,006 backed by a long record of credible testimony 815 00:39:45,050 --> 00:39:47,884 is no longer in dispute. 816 00:39:50,013 --> 00:39:53,723 It's been over 70 years since these early pioneers 817 00:39:53,809 --> 00:39:56,059 began collecting data and releasing it 818 00:39:56,144 --> 00:39:57,894 to the public and we've really 819 00:39:57,938 --> 00:40:00,522 -come a long way since then. -We should never forget 820 00:40:00,565 --> 00:40:01,940 that all these people, 821 00:40:02,025 --> 00:40:04,234 whether it's jacques vallée, 822 00:40:04,277 --> 00:40:06,694 dr. J. Allen hynek, 823 00:40:06,780 --> 00:40:08,863 coral lorenzen, 824 00:40:08,949 --> 00:40:12,033 linda moulton howe-- without them we probably 825 00:40:12,077 --> 00:40:16,079 wouldn't be in the fortunate position that we are in today. 826 00:40:16,123 --> 00:40:19,833 All of these people went down a path 827 00:40:19,918 --> 00:40:22,877 that was, at the time, unheard of, 828 00:40:22,963 --> 00:40:25,213 and, in a way, we are standing on 829 00:40:25,298 --> 00:40:27,590 the shoulders of giants 830 00:40:27,634 --> 00:40:30,718 because through the work of the pioneers 831 00:40:30,804 --> 00:40:33,096 and through shows like ancient aliens, 832 00:40:33,181 --> 00:40:36,724 and now almost everybody who has had an experience 833 00:40:36,810 --> 00:40:40,061 feels compelled to tell their story 834 00:40:40,147 --> 00:40:43,606 because it has become more accepted, 835 00:40:43,692 --> 00:40:46,067 and the so-called zeitgeist 836 00:40:46,153 --> 00:40:49,112 has changed in our favor. 837 00:40:49,156 --> 00:40:51,281 Well, I think you're right. 838 00:40:51,324 --> 00:40:54,742 It's been a great conversation with you guys. 839 00:40:54,828 --> 00:40:57,996 It's just-just a fascinating subject, of course. 840 00:40:58,081 --> 00:40:59,664 Yeah, thank you very much for the information, nick. 841 00:40:59,749 --> 00:41:02,542 And everything that we've talked about today 842 00:41:02,627 --> 00:41:06,129 illustrates this disclosure that has been going on 843 00:41:06,173 --> 00:41:09,340 for a very long time, and I can't wait to see 844 00:41:09,426 --> 00:41:12,260 what the future holds, and I thank you for your time. 845 00:41:12,304 --> 00:41:13,761 -Thank you. -Thanks, nick. 846 00:41:13,805 --> 00:41:15,972 Captioning provided by a+e networks