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00:00:02,042 --> 00:00:03,167
[Narrator] Enormous
granite sarcophagi

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00:00:03,292 --> 00:00:06,208
that weigh more than 70 tons,

3
00:00:06,375 --> 00:00:11,042
mysterious monoliths
inspired by flying crafts,

4
00:00:11,208 --> 00:00:17,167
and massive sphere-shaped stones
that defy explanation.

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00:00:18,333 --> 00:00:20,250
♪ ♪

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I've always said,

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you know something is important
if it is built out of stone.

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Why? Because it could
potentially last

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for not just centuries
but millennia,

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00:00:46,458 --> 00:00:48,458
and that's exactly what we see

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00:00:48,625 --> 00:00:51,167
in remarkable
ancient constructions

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00:00:51,333 --> 00:00:54,042
that have withstood
the test of time,

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but in addition
to the stone structures

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we see around the world, there
are also mysterious monuments,

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00:01:00,583 --> 00:01:02,125
strange objects,

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00:01:02,250 --> 00:01:06,958
and secret spaces
that defy explanation,

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like in the case
of a stone settlement

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that predates history
as we know it.

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[Narrator] Abu Shahrayn, Iraq.

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6,000 years ago this ancient
mound was the site of Eridu,

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the oldest city
of the Sumerian empire.

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According
to mainstream archaeologists,

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this is the cradle
of civilization.

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[Felicia Beardsley] Many
archaeologists will say

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civilization began
in Mesopotamia

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some 6,000 years ago.

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It is built on small bands
of hunter-gatherers

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who adopt agriculture.

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The population starts to grow,
and we begin to recognize,

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we need to organize

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our communities.

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You start seeing
these step-sided pyramids,

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where the religious practitioner

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might conduct his rites
or rituals and so on,

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and we have
an urban planning environment.

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That also means we've got
a lot of engineering going on,

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we have a lot of science,
a lot of mathematics.

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It has all of those elements
we would call a civilization.

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[Narrator] Many researchers
around the world believe

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there is evidence to suggest

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00:02:29,542 --> 00:02:33,458
civilization existed on Earth
long before the Sumerians,

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and one key source
is the writing

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of the Sumerians themselves.

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Ancient cuneiform tablets
list kings

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00:02:42,208 --> 00:02:44,750
who ruled tens of thousands
of years ago...

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00:02:45,750 --> 00:02:47,833
...and they tell
of an earlier age

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when humans lived
among powerful beings

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that came down from the sky
called the Anunnaki.

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[Andrew Collins] The Anunnaki
were the builder gods

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00:02:58,667 --> 00:03:00,083
behind the creation

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00:03:00,208 --> 00:03:03,625
of the civilizations
of Sumer and Babylon.

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They provided humanity with
the rudiments of civilization.

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They gave humanity
animal husbandry

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but also agriculture
for the first time.

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[Narrator] The Sumerians
also wrote

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that the Anunnaki were
responsible for bringing

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a devastating cataclysm
upon the Earth...

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00:03:23,708 --> 00:03:25,500
[thunder cracks]

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00:03:25,667 --> 00:03:27,708
...eerily similar to the story
that would later appear

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00:03:27,917 --> 00:03:30,625
in the Hebrew Bible
as the Great Flood.

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While nearly identical stories
of a great deluge

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can be found
in the ancient texts

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of many religions and cultures,

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mainstream archaeologists
had argued

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that there was no evidence
of any civilization

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existing
more than 6,000 years ago

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to support the idea that such
a cataclysm actually took place.

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But in the early 1990s,

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00:03:55,417 --> 00:03:58,250
Klaus Schmidt of the German
Archaeological Institute

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00:03:58,417 --> 00:04:01,083
began excavations
at the ancient site

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00:04:01,292 --> 00:04:04,417
of Göbekli Tepe
in Southeast Turkey,

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and what he unearthed
changed everything.

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[Paul Bahn] Once Klaus Schmidt

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00:04:12,208 --> 00:04:14,875
started excavating Göbekli Tepe,
it just blew everybody away

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because we'd never before known
or imagined even

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that people 12,000 years ago

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could produce such spectacular
monumental structures

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00:04:23,542 --> 00:04:25,375
as he found at Göbekli Tepe.

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[Tsoukalos] It is the first
archaeological site in the world

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00:04:29,875 --> 00:04:34,000
that proves its age,
dating as far back

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as 12,000 years,
around 10,000 BC.

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The discovery
and the official acceptance

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00:04:42,125 --> 00:04:45,000
of Göbekli Tepe's dating

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00:04:45,208 --> 00:04:48,583
has changed
the history of archaeology.

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[Robert Schoch] This is
indications

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of a major civilization

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at that remote time,

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a time when the standard
historians all along have said,

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"Well, no, civilization
didn't occur at that time.

90
00:05:02,750 --> 00:05:05,458
They were just simple hunter
and gatherers.

91
00:05:05,667 --> 00:05:07,167
They were primitive people."

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00:05:07,375 --> 00:05:10,000
But we now have evidence
to the contrary.

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[Bahn] It really did send
shock waves

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00:05:12,125 --> 00:05:13,958
through the whole world
of early prehistory

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because we have never,

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ever seen anything like this

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from anywhere in the world

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00:05:18,500 --> 00:05:20,625
at that time, 12,000 years ago.

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[Narrator] Göbekli Tepe's

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00:05:23,875 --> 00:05:26,250
nearly two dozen
enormous T-shaped pillars,

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some weighing more than 20 tons,

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feature numerous carvings

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00:05:31,375 --> 00:05:36,333
that include depictions
of animals, human hands,

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00:05:36,417 --> 00:05:38,917
and intricately designed
symbols.

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00:05:39,917 --> 00:05:42,375
Archaeologists estimate
that it would have taken

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00:05:42,542 --> 00:05:44,833
a team of 50 men an entire week

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00:05:44,958 --> 00:05:47,333
to move just one of
the monolithic pillars

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from the limestone quarry

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00:05:49,292 --> 00:05:51,917
to the top of the hill
where they stand today

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00:05:52,042 --> 00:05:56,000
and over 300 hours
to carve the bas-reliefs.

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[Roy Fisher] The structures seem
to reflect coordinated effort

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00:06:02,250 --> 00:06:04,792
among significant numbers
of people,

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00:06:04,958 --> 00:06:07,792
which is not how
we typically imagine

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00:06:07,917 --> 00:06:11,542
hunter-gatherer societies, which
are usually smaller in size.

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00:06:12,583 --> 00:06:15,708
[Narrator] For years
mainstream scholars maintained

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00:06:15,917 --> 00:06:19,167
that Göbekli Tepe was
a completely unique site,

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and while highly impressive,

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00:06:21,583 --> 00:06:23,625
it was not large enough
to constitute

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what would be considered
a civilization.

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But then, in 2004,
author Andrew Collins

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00:06:31,208 --> 00:06:33,000
was shown photographs
of a location

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that looked remarkably similar
to parts of Göbekli Tepe.

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[Collins] I was visiting
Göbekli Tepe, and some children

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00:06:40,708 --> 00:06:43,708
came up to me
and showed me a picture

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00:06:43,875 --> 00:06:49,500
of this T-shaped standing stone
with this snake along the side.

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And I thought,
"I've never seen this before.

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Wh-Where is this?"

128
00:06:53,167 --> 00:06:55,833
And it became clear that it was

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00:06:56,042 --> 00:07:00,333
some unexcavated site
in the Tektek Mountains,

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00:07:00,542 --> 00:07:02,375
which is about 25 miles

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00:07:02,542 --> 00:07:07,708
away from Göbekli Tepe,
and so I set out to find it,

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00:07:07,875 --> 00:07:12,833
and eventually I came
to this bare limestone hill,

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and as I walked up towards it,
I could then see,

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sticking out of the ground,

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00:07:18,792 --> 00:07:22,625
these heads
of these T-shaped pillars--

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00:07:22,792 --> 00:07:25,500
again, exactly as you see
at Göbekli Tepe--

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00:07:25,625 --> 00:07:29,000
and I realized
that somewhere beneath this soil

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was something as grand
and spectacular as Göbekli Tepe.

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[Narrator] For 15 years, only
a small group of researchers

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00:07:38,125 --> 00:07:40,417
were aware of the pillars
protruding from the earth

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00:07:40,583 --> 00:07:43,167
at the site
known as Karahan Tepe.

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When it was finally excavated,

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00:07:45,542 --> 00:07:48,958
archaeologists
were shocked once again.

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In 2019, digging begins.

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And beneath the surface layers,

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00:07:57,333 --> 00:07:59,792
the archaeologists
start uncovering

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00:07:59,917 --> 00:08:03,000
dozens
of these T-shaped pillars.

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00:08:03,167 --> 00:08:07,792
[David Childress] You have about
200 of these T-shaped megaliths.

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00:08:07,917 --> 00:08:13,167
They're typically 13 feet high,
weigh about 11 tons.

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00:08:13,375 --> 00:08:15,583
You have other phallic stones,
you have

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00:08:15,708 --> 00:08:20,792
certain depictions of animals
and some human faces as well.

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So we have, really,
a-a pretty extensive site.

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[Narrator] The discovery
of the vast megalithic complex

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00:08:30,542 --> 00:08:32,875
made headlines around the world,

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as it was estimated by experts
to have been inhabited

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00:08:36,000 --> 00:08:40,208
somewhere between 11,000
and 12,000 years ago,

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00:08:40,375 --> 00:08:43,708
just like Göbekli Tepe.

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[Tsoukalos] Both Karahan Tepe
and Göbekli Tepe

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00:08:47,792 --> 00:08:50,833
are striking in beauty,

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00:08:51,042 --> 00:08:55,000
striking in how massive
and incredible

161
00:08:55,208 --> 00:08:57,625
those megaliths are, and...

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in my opinion they are related,

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00:09:00,458 --> 00:09:05,875
so it's also possible that
at some point a long time ago,

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00:09:06,042 --> 00:09:10,625
that entire region
was one gigantic city.

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00:09:16,708 --> 00:09:19,667
of the most mysterious
monuments on Earth,

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00:09:19,833 --> 00:09:23,083
many of which tower
over a hundred feet tall,

167
00:09:23,250 --> 00:09:25,667
but deep within a forest
in Bosnia,

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several unusual monoliths
have been discovered

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that are not only massive,

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they are almost perfect spheres.

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[Narrator] Zavidovici,
Bosnia, 1999.

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00:09:43,292 --> 00:09:48,375
Archaeologist Dr. Sam Osmanagich
and a small team of researchers

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00:09:48,542 --> 00:09:50,792
are hiking along the Bosna River

174
00:09:50,958 --> 00:09:53,833
when they come
upon an astonishing sight.

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In the midst of the dense forest
are massive boulders

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00:09:58,083 --> 00:10:02,125
that do not appear to be
a part of the natural landscape.

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00:10:03,125 --> 00:10:07,500
We discovered six of them
intact, perfectly preserved

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00:10:07,667 --> 00:10:09,583
and perfectly spherical.

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[Narrator] To Dr. Osmanagich,

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00:10:12,458 --> 00:10:15,208
the near-perfect shape
of the objects is compelling.

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00:10:15,417 --> 00:10:16,583
[Osmanagich speaks
foreign language]

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00:10:16,708 --> 00:10:18,333
And he begins to comb the region

183
00:10:18,542 --> 00:10:20,917
in search
of other stone spheres.

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00:10:21,917 --> 00:10:23,167
[Osmanagich] We have been
researching

185
00:10:23,375 --> 00:10:28,500
the stone spheres
in Bosnia for 25 years,

186
00:10:28,708 --> 00:10:33,208
and we have discovered
20 different locations.

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The stone spheres in Bosnia come
in four different materials--

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00:10:39,083 --> 00:10:44,708
granite, volcanic stone,
sandstone and limestone--

189
00:10:44,875 --> 00:10:46,833
and different sizes also.

190
00:10:46,958 --> 00:10:51,167
In most cases
they are over one ton.

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00:10:52,208 --> 00:10:55,375
[Narrator] After his initial
discovery of the stone spheres,

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00:10:55,542 --> 00:10:58,250
Dr. Osmanagich expanded
his search,

193
00:10:58,417 --> 00:11:03,042
and in 2016 he spotted
the most enormous stone sphere

194
00:11:03,208 --> 00:11:06,833
he had ever seen
hidden in the forest floor.

195
00:11:07,042 --> 00:11:09,375
[Osmanagich] We could see
that the small part

196
00:11:09,500 --> 00:11:11,792
of the sphere was sticking out.

197
00:11:11,917 --> 00:11:13,583
We started clearing it,

198
00:11:13,708 --> 00:11:17,250
realizing that it was huge,
monumental

199
00:11:17,417 --> 00:11:19,083
in size.

200
00:11:19,208 --> 00:11:24,000
Once we cleared almost all of
it, we've done the measurements.

201
00:11:25,042 --> 00:11:28,917
It is more than three meters
in diameter.

202
00:11:29,083 --> 00:11:33,000
The specific weight: 37 tons.

203
00:11:33,167 --> 00:11:38,167
So this was the largest
stone sphere discovery

204
00:11:38,375 --> 00:11:40,333
in the world.

205
00:11:42,375 --> 00:11:45,000
[Narrator] How the Bosnian
stone spheres were created

206
00:11:45,208 --> 00:11:46,833
remains a mystery.

207
00:11:47,042 --> 00:11:51,625
Some geologists suggest they
were shaped through erosion,

208
00:11:51,792 --> 00:11:54,708
but others believe the spheres
are simply too perfect

209
00:11:54,917 --> 00:11:57,167
to have been formed naturally.

210
00:11:58,917 --> 00:12:00,167
There is a process called

211
00:12:00,333 --> 00:12:02,958
spherical, or spheroidal,
weathering

212
00:12:03,083 --> 00:12:05,875
that is very, very common.

213
00:12:07,042 --> 00:12:10,000
We see them on the landscape
in Arizona everywhere.

214
00:12:10,167 --> 00:12:11,833
Called hoodoos.

215
00:12:11,958 --> 00:12:14,125
You can see 'em
out in Alabama Hills.

216
00:12:14,333 --> 00:12:16,625
Out in Owens Valley
there's a lot of examples

217
00:12:16,792 --> 00:12:18,500
of this sort
of sphere weathering,

218
00:12:18,667 --> 00:12:21,250
but rarely are they
perfect spheres,

219
00:12:21,375 --> 00:12:23,542
and so it could be
that some of these stones

220
00:12:23,667 --> 00:12:25,833
started out mostly spheroidal

221
00:12:25,958 --> 00:12:31,500
and then were worked
into a more perfect sphere.

222
00:12:32,542 --> 00:12:35,000
The one in particular
that I'm thinking of, Bosnia,

223
00:12:35,208 --> 00:12:38,208
that's been, um,
in the headlines lately

224
00:12:38,333 --> 00:12:42,292
has evidence of heat-treating
to help facilitate polishing.

225
00:12:42,458 --> 00:12:45,500
[McGowan] These are not
just round stones.

226
00:12:45,708 --> 00:12:48,667
They are 96% perfect

227
00:12:48,792 --> 00:12:50,417
in their spherical form.

228
00:12:50,542 --> 00:12:52,792
That's not something
that's created by the earth.

229
00:12:54,375 --> 00:12:55,833
[Narrator] The near-perfect
measurements

230
00:12:55,958 --> 00:12:58,917
of the stone spheres
convinced Dr. Osmanagich

231
00:12:59,083 --> 00:13:02,000
that they were carved
by artificial means.

232
00:13:03,042 --> 00:13:07,583
And in 2016 he sparked
controversy when he announced

233
00:13:07,750 --> 00:13:12,500
that he believed they originated
with some unknown civilization.

234
00:13:13,625 --> 00:13:15,417
[Osmanagich] Who made them?

235
00:13:15,583 --> 00:13:19,167
We don't have precise answer,
but we know that they were made

236
00:13:19,333 --> 00:13:21,333
by ancient builders.

237
00:13:21,542 --> 00:13:23,625
Why? Granite never

238
00:13:23,833 --> 00:13:27,750
comes in spherical shape
in nature.

239
00:13:29,083 --> 00:13:32,000
[Narrator] If the stone spheres
are not naturally formed,

240
00:13:32,208 --> 00:13:36,833
as Dr. Osmanagich suggests,
when were they made?

241
00:13:36,958 --> 00:13:39,000
Many of the spheres
are impossible

242
00:13:39,208 --> 00:13:42,833
to scientifically date,
but based on the layers of soil

243
00:13:43,042 --> 00:13:45,875
where the largest stone sphere
was discovered,

244
00:13:46,042 --> 00:13:51,333
Dr. Osmanagich believes
it is up to 100,000 years old.

245
00:13:52,250 --> 00:13:54,333
We don't have
very specific time,

246
00:13:54,417 --> 00:13:57,167
but what we do know--
extremely old.

247
00:13:57,333 --> 00:13:58,542
How do we know that?

248
00:13:59,750 --> 00:14:01,167
The Bosnian stone spheres--

249
00:14:01,250 --> 00:14:04,042
the biggest one
is discovered below.

250
00:14:04,167 --> 00:14:06,958
The tree-- 50 years.

251
00:14:07,083 --> 00:14:09,917
Dark soil-- hundred years.

252
00:14:10,042 --> 00:14:13,125
Light soil--
couple of hundred years.

253
00:14:13,292 --> 00:14:16,875
We have light clay--
almost thousand years.

254
00:14:17,042 --> 00:14:18,833
We have dark clay,
we have gray clay--

255
00:14:19,042 --> 00:14:20,667
tens of thousands of years.

256
00:14:20,792 --> 00:14:23,875
And finally we have
sandstone plate--

257
00:14:24,042 --> 00:14:27,542
100,000-plus years.

258
00:14:29,250 --> 00:14:32,250
[Narrator] Is it possible
that the stone spheres in Bosnia

259
00:14:32,417 --> 00:14:34,833
were created
by some unknown culture

260
00:14:35,042 --> 00:14:37,667
tens of thousands of years ago?

261
00:14:37,833 --> 00:14:41,125
And if so, how?

262
00:14:41,292 --> 00:14:43,000
[Osmanagich] According to
the mainstream archaeologists,

263
00:14:43,208 --> 00:14:45,125
until a couple
of thousands of years back,

264
00:14:45,250 --> 00:14:47,542
the only tools
were copper tools.

265
00:14:47,750 --> 00:14:51,083
Copper is soft material.

266
00:14:51,250 --> 00:14:55,333
You cannot use copper tools
to shape granite stones.

267
00:14:55,542 --> 00:14:59,250
Of course this is us,
21st century civilization.

268
00:14:59,375 --> 00:15:01,250
What did they use?

269
00:15:02,500 --> 00:15:05,500
[Narrator] To try and understand
how these artifacts were shaped,

270
00:15:05,625 --> 00:15:09,458
Dr. Osmanagich had several
samples taken from the spheres

271
00:15:09,625 --> 00:15:11,000
analyzed in a lab

272
00:15:11,208 --> 00:15:13,833
at the University
of Belgrade in Serbia.

273
00:15:14,042 --> 00:15:16,333
We realized
that there is a difference

274
00:15:16,458 --> 00:15:19,792
between their physical
and chemical properties

275
00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:23,333
and natural stone materials.

276
00:15:23,542 --> 00:15:25,708
[McGowan] There is
a chemical component

277
00:15:25,917 --> 00:15:27,417
that was found
within the spheres,

278
00:15:27,542 --> 00:15:31,292
and this chemical has not been
able to be identified.

279
00:15:32,333 --> 00:15:36,167
[Narrator] If the giant stone
spheres in Bosnia were created

280
00:15:36,333 --> 00:15:40,458
by an ancient civilization,
what purpose did they serve?

281
00:15:40,625 --> 00:15:43,792
The precise engineering
of the monoliths

282
00:15:43,875 --> 00:15:46,583
and the fact
that many are made of granite

283
00:15:46,750 --> 00:15:48,542
has convinced Dr. Osmanagich

284
00:15:48,708 --> 00:15:51,708
that the stone spheres'
true purpose was to transmit

285
00:15:51,875 --> 00:15:55,375
Earth energy
that occurs in the region.

286
00:15:55,542 --> 00:15:59,833
It seems that they had
multilayer purpose.

287
00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:03,333
According to the new science
BioGeometry,

288
00:16:03,542 --> 00:16:06,083
three most powerful
geometrical shapes,

289
00:16:06,250 --> 00:16:08,583
when it comes
to the energy, are:

290
00:16:08,708 --> 00:16:11,333
four-sided pyramid,

291
00:16:11,500 --> 00:16:12,917
conical shape,

292
00:16:13,083 --> 00:16:15,667
and the third one is the sphere.

293
00:16:15,875 --> 00:16:21,375
Those three geometrical shapes
amplify the energies.

294
00:16:21,542 --> 00:16:23,167
[McGowan] Dr. Semir Osmanagic
talks

295
00:16:23,333 --> 00:16:27,000
about the use of these spheres
as, potentially,

296
00:16:27,167 --> 00:16:28,792
small power supplies,

297
00:16:28,917 --> 00:16:30,833
and this makes sense
when you look at them

298
00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:34,458
in context
with the rest of Bosnia.

299
00:16:34,583 --> 00:16:36,667
When you're sitting
in this creek bed

300
00:16:36,875 --> 00:16:38,875
surrounded by these spheres,

301
00:16:39,042 --> 00:16:43,250
it's hard to describe,
but it does feel powerful.

302
00:16:43,375 --> 00:16:46,625
It feels
like it is generating energy.

303
00:16:51,583 --> 00:16:54,000
20 miles south
of the Great Pyramids of Giza

304
00:16:54,167 --> 00:16:57,708
lies an astonishing structure
called the Serapeum.

305
00:16:57,875 --> 00:17:01,083
Built underground,
the Serapeum is larger

306
00:17:01,250 --> 00:17:03,542
than two football fields,

307
00:17:03,708 --> 00:17:07,750
but the most extraordinary part
of this subterranean complex

308
00:17:07,917 --> 00:17:11,542
are two dozen giant stone boxes

309
00:17:11,708 --> 00:17:16,250
that appear to have been created
with advanced technology.

310
00:17:19,750 --> 00:17:21,500
[Narrator] Saqqâra, Egypt.

311
00:17:21,667 --> 00:17:24,792
Inside the mysterious
subterranean structure

312
00:17:24,958 --> 00:17:29,292
known as the Serapeum
are 24 massive boxes

313
00:17:29,458 --> 00:17:32,292
that are carved
from exceptionally hard stone

314
00:17:32,458 --> 00:17:35,500
like granite, basalt,
and diorite.

315
00:17:36,542 --> 00:17:41,417
[Ramy Romany] Each sarcophagus
was over 70 tons.

316
00:17:41,625 --> 00:17:46,167
70 tons is not a weight
that 200 people can carry.

317
00:17:46,375 --> 00:17:51,583
It is an impossible weight
to move anywhere,

318
00:17:51,708 --> 00:17:56,417
let alone a hundred feet
under the ground

319
00:17:56,542 --> 00:17:59,667
and then 700 feet
into a tiny corridor

320
00:17:59,833 --> 00:18:02,208
and then
inside a little chamber.

321
00:18:02,375 --> 00:18:04,500
[Colin Reader] If you think
of a pyramid or a temple,

322
00:18:04,625 --> 00:18:06,000
it's in the open air.

323
00:18:06,125 --> 00:18:08,458
If you're hauling
a big block of stone

324
00:18:08,583 --> 00:18:10,000
or an obelisk,

325
00:18:10,167 --> 00:18:12,042
you've got space
to get teams of people.

326
00:18:12,208 --> 00:18:14,167
You can get draft animals on it.

327
00:18:15,208 --> 00:18:18,250
But the thing
that really startles me--

328
00:18:18,375 --> 00:18:20,583
they didn't have the space
to get huge teams of men

329
00:18:20,792 --> 00:18:22,125
to start moving them,

330
00:18:22,208 --> 00:18:24,083
and they couldn't get animals
down there

331
00:18:24,250 --> 00:18:26,167
for any practical intent.

332
00:18:27,417 --> 00:18:30,333
[Narrator] Just as baffling
as how the ancient Egyptians

333
00:18:30,542 --> 00:18:32,875
managed to move
these giant boxes

334
00:18:33,042 --> 00:18:34,458
is how they were able
to carve them

335
00:18:34,583 --> 00:18:36,875
with such incredible precision.

336
00:18:37,042 --> 00:18:40,542
Machinists have gone
in there with tools

337
00:18:40,708 --> 00:18:44,500
to measure just how
precisely carved they were.

338
00:18:44,625 --> 00:18:48,875
We're talking, in some cases,
to the thousandths of an inch,

339
00:18:49,083 --> 00:18:53,417
right angles
which are incredibly perfect.

340
00:18:53,542 --> 00:18:55,875
[Tsoukalos] Now, you need
sophisticated technology

341
00:18:56,042 --> 00:19:01,333
for this because in some cases
we're talking about basalt.

342
00:19:01,500 --> 00:19:05,000
Basalt is harder than granite,

343
00:19:05,125 --> 00:19:06,625
and according to what we know,

344
00:19:06,792 --> 00:19:10,167
the ancient Egyptians only had
bronze and copper tools.

345
00:19:10,375 --> 00:19:13,833
It is wishful thinking
to suggest

346
00:19:13,917 --> 00:19:16,667
that you can cut basalt
with copper.

347
00:19:16,875 --> 00:19:18,458
You just can't do it.

348
00:19:18,583 --> 00:19:23,667
But the surface is
as if you're touching glass,

349
00:19:23,833 --> 00:19:27,500
so, to me, it's possible
that the ancient Egyptians

350
00:19:27,667 --> 00:19:31,542
figured out
a way to vitrify stone.

351
00:19:33,875 --> 00:19:35,917
[Narrator] What compelled
the ancient Egyptians

352
00:19:36,083 --> 00:19:40,333
to place 24 enormous and
precisely crafted stone boxes

353
00:19:40,458 --> 00:19:42,083
deep beneath the earth?

354
00:19:42,250 --> 00:19:46,333
Based on inscriptions found
within the underground chamber,

355
00:19:46,500 --> 00:19:49,750
Egyptologists determined
that the Serapeum was built

356
00:19:49,875 --> 00:19:53,833
to be the burial place
of the sacred Apis bull.

357
00:19:56,208 --> 00:19:58,208
[Salima Ikram] The ancient
Egyptians believed

358
00:19:58,375 --> 00:20:01,375
that animals and gods had
special relationships

359
00:20:01,542 --> 00:20:05,417
and each deity was associated
with one particular animal.

360
00:20:07,375 --> 00:20:10,250
The Apis bull is related
to the Egyptian god Ptah,

361
00:20:10,417 --> 00:20:13,333
who was a major creator god.

362
00:20:13,500 --> 00:20:15,917
He was the god of Memphis,
the capital city.

363
00:20:16,083 --> 00:20:18,167
He was the god of all craftsmen.

364
00:20:18,375 --> 00:20:23,333
The Apis bull was one
of the most sacred animals

365
00:20:23,542 --> 00:20:25,583
in all of ancient Egypt.

366
00:20:25,792 --> 00:20:27,208
But here is the thing.

367
00:20:27,375 --> 00:20:31,375
When August Mariette opened
the sarcophagus,

368
00:20:31,542 --> 00:20:33,833
they were empty,
there was nothing in there.

369
00:20:33,917 --> 00:20:37,167
[Childress] What Egyptologists
will speculate is that

370
00:20:37,375 --> 00:20:42,333
somehow the Serapeum
was looted in antiquity

371
00:20:42,500 --> 00:20:45,625
and the mummified bulls were
removed from the sarcophagi.

372
00:20:47,292 --> 00:20:50,583
But who would want
a mummified bull?

373
00:20:51,625 --> 00:20:54,333
[Narrator] Were the giant stone
containers in the Serapeum

374
00:20:54,542 --> 00:20:57,583
simply designed to hold
the remains of an Apis bull?

375
00:20:57,750 --> 00:21:01,333
Some researchers believe
that these massive objects

376
00:21:01,542 --> 00:21:03,875
served
an entirely different purpose.

377
00:21:05,875 --> 00:21:09,458
[Schoch] Most of these boxes
have no inscriptions on them,

378
00:21:09,667 --> 00:21:11,167
but there's one in particular
that has a lot

379
00:21:11,333 --> 00:21:12,792
of hieroglyphics all over it.

380
00:21:13,875 --> 00:21:17,542
Those inscriptions
are incredibly crude

381
00:21:17,708 --> 00:21:21,000
compared to the finesse,
the precision

382
00:21:21,167 --> 00:21:23,667
of the actual stone boxes,

383
00:21:23,875 --> 00:21:26,917
so this leads me,
and I'm not alone in this,

384
00:21:27,083 --> 00:21:29,250
to suggest that these boxes

385
00:21:29,417 --> 00:21:32,417
go back to a much earlier period

386
00:21:32,542 --> 00:21:35,958
and they were being reused
and reappropriated

387
00:21:36,125 --> 00:21:38,417
at a much later time.

388
00:21:38,542 --> 00:21:43,292
It's thought by some researchers
that the Serapeum was used

389
00:21:43,417 --> 00:21:47,542
at a later date
for the mummified Apis bulls,

390
00:21:47,750 --> 00:21:50,917
but the Serapeum itself
predates this

391
00:21:51,042 --> 00:21:55,125
and its original purpose
was for something else.

392
00:21:55,292 --> 00:21:57,917
So what was the Serapeum for?

393
00:21:58,042 --> 00:22:00,917
[Narrator] While the purpose
of the stone boxes continues

394
00:22:01,083 --> 00:22:02,917
to perplex researchers,

395
00:22:03,083 --> 00:22:06,667
some believe clues can be found
by examining the contents

396
00:22:06,833 --> 00:22:09,583
of another box
found in the Serapeum,

397
00:22:09,750 --> 00:22:14,333
one not made of stone but wood.

398
00:22:15,542 --> 00:22:19,542
[Narrator reads on-screen text]

399
00:22:19,708 --> 00:22:23,458
[Narrator] After discovering
24 massive stone sarcophagi

400
00:22:23,583 --> 00:22:26,667
within the Serapeum,
Auguste Mariette

401
00:22:26,875 --> 00:22:30,625
comes upon a much smaller coffin
made of wood.

402
00:22:30,792 --> 00:22:33,167
There is a body inside it,

403
00:22:33,292 --> 00:22:37,000
and at first glance
it appears human.

404
00:22:38,458 --> 00:22:41,917
He came across
a very unique burial.

405
00:22:42,042 --> 00:22:43,500
It looked human.

406
00:22:43,625 --> 00:22:46,667
And yet,
when the bones were examined,

407
00:22:46,833 --> 00:22:50,542
they were actually found
to be those of a bull.

408
00:22:51,542 --> 00:22:53,667
[Ikram] Mariette found
no head of a bull

409
00:22:53,833 --> 00:22:59,292
but just bits of bone of a bull
wrapped up and then

410
00:22:59,458 --> 00:23:02,375
sort of a mask
of a human being on it.

411
00:23:03,500 --> 00:23:06,000
[Narrator] Egyptologists
assumed that the mask

412
00:23:06,167 --> 00:23:08,750
must belong to the builder
of the Serapeum

413
00:23:08,875 --> 00:23:10,792
and determined
the face it depicts

414
00:23:10,917 --> 00:23:14,375
is that of a prince who lived
in the 13th century BC

415
00:23:14,583 --> 00:23:16,875
named Khaemweset.

416
00:23:17,875 --> 00:23:20,083
[Ikram] People think
that the person who built

417
00:23:20,208 --> 00:23:22,958
the Serapeum
was Prince Khaemweset.

418
00:23:23,125 --> 00:23:26,375
Khaemweset was the fourth son
of King Ramses II.

419
00:23:26,542 --> 00:23:29,875
He was in charge
of the temple of Ptah

420
00:23:30,042 --> 00:23:33,000
and also, therefore,
the temple of the Apis bull

421
00:23:33,208 --> 00:23:35,708
in the capital city of Memphis.

422
00:23:36,750 --> 00:23:39,542
[Narrator] Archaeologists
also discovered evidence

423
00:23:39,708 --> 00:23:42,667
that the only two bulls
found in the Serapeum

424
00:23:42,833 --> 00:23:45,083
were put there
by Prince Khaemweset

425
00:23:45,250 --> 00:23:47,833
around 1200 BC.

426
00:23:48,000 --> 00:23:51,667
[Romany] He has a couple
of sarcophagi down there

427
00:23:51,875 --> 00:23:55,708
that he had put
Apis bull mummies in them,

428
00:23:55,875 --> 00:23:57,750
and he wrote that
on a little tablet

429
00:23:57,917 --> 00:24:01,417
next to that specific chamber

430
00:24:01,625 --> 00:24:04,542
that he added to the place
and he added to the Serapeum.

431
00:24:05,583 --> 00:24:08,250
[Childress] This was
a typical thing in ancient Egypt

432
00:24:08,458 --> 00:24:11,208
because many of the monuments
in Egypt were

433
00:24:11,417 --> 00:24:13,542
thousands of years old,
even for them,

434
00:24:13,708 --> 00:24:16,875
so the idea that the Serapeum
is actually much older

435
00:24:17,042 --> 00:24:21,833
than even we think it is
is a pretty valid theory.

436
00:24:28,583 --> 00:24:30,375
Two of the largest monoliths
on the planet

437
00:24:30,542 --> 00:24:32,250
can be found in Japan,

438
00:24:32,417 --> 00:24:34,417
and perhaps even more compelling

439
00:24:34,583 --> 00:24:37,083
than the size
of these mysterious monuments

440
00:24:37,250 --> 00:24:39,500
are the local legends that say

441
00:24:39,708 --> 00:24:42,750
they were created to honor
otherworldly beings

442
00:24:42,917 --> 00:24:46,625
who traveled in flying craft.

443
00:24:49,042 --> 00:24:51,750
[Narrator] One of the greatest
mysteries of the ancient world

444
00:24:51,917 --> 00:24:54,917
is why enormous stone structures

445
00:24:55,083 --> 00:24:57,708
appear
on nearly every continent.

446
00:24:58,667 --> 00:25:01,417
And at one time
megalithic monuments

447
00:25:01,583 --> 00:25:04,792
could be found
throughout the islands of Japan.

448
00:25:04,917 --> 00:25:06,250
[Jonathan Clements] Not many
people know this,

449
00:25:06,417 --> 00:25:08,458
but ancient Japan was strewn

450
00:25:08,625 --> 00:25:10,500
with megaliths and henges.

451
00:25:10,708 --> 00:25:12,417
The ancient peoples of Japan

452
00:25:12,583 --> 00:25:14,292
had these stone monuments
all over the place.

453
00:25:14,458 --> 00:25:18,542
During the samurai era,
which was war all the time,

454
00:25:18,750 --> 00:25:22,125
most of them were ripped up
and used to make castle walls

455
00:25:22,250 --> 00:25:23,875
and castle foundations.

456
00:25:24,000 --> 00:25:26,167
Some survived
'cause they're so weird.

457
00:25:27,792 --> 00:25:29,625
[Narrator] Perhaps
the most curious

458
00:25:29,750 --> 00:25:32,458
and awe-inspiring
of Japan's megaliths

459
00:25:32,583 --> 00:25:34,667
is Ishi-no-Hoden,

460
00:25:34,875 --> 00:25:37,500
a giant stone monument
near Osaka

461
00:25:37,667 --> 00:25:39,625
carved out of the bedrock

462
00:25:39,750 --> 00:25:43,542
and believed
to date back 16,000 years.

463
00:25:44,542 --> 00:25:46,792
The Ishi-no-Hoden megalith is

464
00:25:47,000 --> 00:25:49,833
sometimes called
the heavenly floating rock.

465
00:25:50,042 --> 00:25:53,167
It's huge,
probably around 500 tons.

466
00:25:53,333 --> 00:25:57,917
It's about a 20-foot square cube

467
00:25:58,042 --> 00:26:01,083
that has been built
in such a strange way

468
00:26:01,208 --> 00:26:03,000
that underneath it,

469
00:26:03,167 --> 00:26:06,917
there's a base that holds it up
above the ground,

470
00:26:07,042 --> 00:26:10,167
so it appears for all the world
to be hovering in the air.

471
00:26:10,375 --> 00:26:15,667
It is said to commemorate a god
that once came to Earth

472
00:26:15,875 --> 00:26:19,708
in a huge cubic-shaped object

473
00:26:19,875 --> 00:26:22,667
and landed somewhere
in that area.

474
00:26:23,708 --> 00:26:26,208
[Tsoukalos] In Japanese
mythologies and legends,

475
00:26:26,375 --> 00:26:28,500
it says that long ago,

476
00:26:28,667 --> 00:26:32,917
physical gods
were amongst our ancestors

477
00:26:33,083 --> 00:26:38,000
that had the capability
of flying or of flight.

478
00:26:38,208 --> 00:26:43,250
So the fact that they used
this water mirror

479
00:26:43,375 --> 00:26:45,167
underneath this stone

480
00:26:45,333 --> 00:26:50,708
to show as if it is hovering
and floating in the air,

481
00:26:50,875 --> 00:26:52,167
to me,

482
00:26:52,292 --> 00:26:54,625
is to signify flight.

483
00:26:56,000 --> 00:26:57,833
[Narrator] Curiously,
Ishi-no-Hoden

484
00:26:58,042 --> 00:27:00,167
is not the only
Japanese megalith

485
00:27:00,375 --> 00:27:01,917
that appears to document

486
00:27:02,083 --> 00:27:05,625
an ancient
extraterrestrial visitation.

487
00:27:06,917 --> 00:27:08,667
[Dominic Steavu] The
Masuda-no-Iwafune,

488
00:27:08,875 --> 00:27:12,500
which translates
to "the stone ship of Masuda,"

489
00:27:12,667 --> 00:27:15,000
is another megalithic structure.

490
00:27:15,125 --> 00:27:19,083
This is an even larger
granite, uh, megalith--

491
00:27:19,250 --> 00:27:23,208
30 feet across
and about 20 feet, uh, in width

492
00:27:23,333 --> 00:27:25,542
and, uh, 15 or so in height--

493
00:27:25,750 --> 00:27:29,250
that has a central depression,
or trough.

494
00:27:30,292 --> 00:27:35,792
[Phillips] This monolith is said
to have marked the Earth side

495
00:27:35,958 --> 00:27:37,333
of a so-called floating bridge

496
00:27:37,542 --> 00:27:41,667
that connected Earth
to the heavens.

497
00:27:41,833 --> 00:27:44,000
Now, what is a floating bridge?

498
00:27:44,208 --> 00:27:48,708
It's described as something
that the gods descend in.

499
00:27:48,875 --> 00:27:51,625
[Steavu] There is a story
in Shinto annals

500
00:27:51,750 --> 00:27:54,750
about the bridge that unites

501
00:27:54,958 --> 00:27:57,375
the earthly realm
with the heavenly realm

502
00:27:57,542 --> 00:28:00,500
collapsing and falling
onto the Earth.

503
00:28:00,667 --> 00:28:02,792
So these megaliths,
according to some,

504
00:28:02,958 --> 00:28:05,333
are the remnants
or the building blocks of this

505
00:28:05,500 --> 00:28:09,208
celestial bridge
that has since collapsed.

506
00:28:10,708 --> 00:28:12,875
This floating bridge
sounds exactly like

507
00:28:13,042 --> 00:28:16,000
the bridge Bifröst
of the Nordic tradition,

508
00:28:16,167 --> 00:28:18,833
upon which the gods
would come and go from the Earth

509
00:28:19,042 --> 00:28:21,708
into the heavenly realms,
or Asgard.

510
00:28:21,875 --> 00:28:24,083
This suggests
that the same people

511
00:28:24,292 --> 00:28:26,958
are descending
to these various cultures.

512
00:28:28,583 --> 00:28:30,333
[Narrator] Might
the Ishi-no-Hoden

513
00:28:30,500 --> 00:28:32,208
and Masuda-no-Iwafune megaliths

514
00:28:32,375 --> 00:28:35,333
have an extraterrestrial
connection?

515
00:28:36,292 --> 00:28:39,167
Ancient astronaut theorists
say yes

516
00:28:39,333 --> 00:28:43,542
and suggest the most intriguing
of Japan's megalithic structures

517
00:28:43,708 --> 00:28:47,375
can be found beneath the sea.

518
00:28:49,792 --> 00:28:52,833
On the western tip
of the Japanese archipelago

519
00:28:53,000 --> 00:28:56,125
lies the tiny island
of Yonaguni.

520
00:28:56,292 --> 00:28:58,167
In 1986,

521
00:28:58,375 --> 00:29:01,292
scuba divers exploring
just off the coast

522
00:29:01,500 --> 00:29:03,375
make a shocking discovery.

523
00:29:04,583 --> 00:29:06,958
60 feet beneath
the ocean surface,

524
00:29:07,125 --> 00:29:09,667
they find a massive
rectangular structure

525
00:29:09,875 --> 00:29:12,333
roughly 328 feet long

526
00:29:12,542 --> 00:29:16,000
and 196 feet wide.

527
00:29:16,167 --> 00:29:20,500
It has since become known
as the Yonaguni Monument.

528
00:29:20,708 --> 00:29:25,375
[Phillips] The Yonaguni
Monument is huge,

529
00:29:25,542 --> 00:29:29,167
and it looks for all the world
like an artificial construction.

530
00:29:30,375 --> 00:29:31,792
There are steps,

531
00:29:31,917 --> 00:29:34,708
there are what appear
to be columns

532
00:29:34,875 --> 00:29:37,417
and all sorts
of geometric formations

533
00:29:37,542 --> 00:29:41,458
that seem to have been
artificial constructions.

534
00:29:42,458 --> 00:29:46,792
Professor Masaaki Kimura
spent ten years

535
00:29:46,917 --> 00:29:50,250
examining the structure
with divers

536
00:29:50,417 --> 00:29:53,625
and the most sophisticated
equipment at the time,

537
00:29:53,750 --> 00:29:56,958
and he was convinced
beyond any doubt

538
00:29:57,125 --> 00:30:00,083
that it was
an artificial formation.

539
00:30:01,333 --> 00:30:03,958
[Tsoukalos] Yonaguni
boggles the mind

540
00:30:04,125 --> 00:30:06,667
because at some point

541
00:30:06,792 --> 00:30:09,833
that was a land bridge
that existed

542
00:30:10,000 --> 00:30:11,792
when the water levels
were lower,

543
00:30:11,958 --> 00:30:14,500
and that means we're talking
around the last ice age,

544
00:30:14,708 --> 00:30:17,042
which was 10,000 or so BC.

545
00:30:17,208 --> 00:30:20,958
Now, that means that back then

546
00:30:21,083 --> 00:30:23,750
a culture must have existed

547
00:30:23,875 --> 00:30:27,833
to carve Yonaguni
the way it appears today.

548
00:30:32,583 --> 00:30:33,667
For ancient astronaut theorists,

549
00:30:33,958 --> 00:30:36,208
the mythology found
throughout ancient cultures

550
00:30:36,375 --> 00:30:40,583
of sky gods visiting Earth
to instruct humans

551
00:30:40,708 --> 00:30:42,917
could be evidence
of our ancestors

552
00:30:43,125 --> 00:30:47,750
witnessing misunderstood
extraterrestrial technology.

553
00:30:47,958 --> 00:30:51,292
For example,
a 3,000-year-old stone carving

554
00:30:51,417 --> 00:30:52,958
found in Mesoamerica

555
00:30:53,125 --> 00:30:55,458
looks so much like
a pilot in a cockpit

556
00:30:55,667 --> 00:30:58,958
that this mysterious monument
is often called

557
00:30:59,125 --> 00:31:01,500
the La Venta Astronaut.

558
00:31:03,333 --> 00:31:06,583
[Narrator] Teotihuacán, Mexico.

559
00:31:06,708 --> 00:31:09,833
At the southern end
of this ancient metropolis

560
00:31:10,042 --> 00:31:13,292
stands the Temple
of the Feathered Serpent.

561
00:31:13,417 --> 00:31:16,167
Its magnificent facade
is embellished

562
00:31:16,333 --> 00:31:18,167
with numerous
ornate stone statues

563
00:31:18,375 --> 00:31:21,458
of a snake head
ringed in feathers.

564
00:31:21,583 --> 00:31:24,667
This visage depicts
one of the most prominent gods

565
00:31:24,833 --> 00:31:27,042
worshipped
throughout Mesoamerica,

566
00:31:27,208 --> 00:31:31,583
a being known to the Aztecs
as Quetzalcoatl.

567
00:31:31,708 --> 00:31:33,042
[Barnhart] Quetzalcoatl was

568
00:31:33,208 --> 00:31:36,250
undoubtedly
one of the major gods

569
00:31:36,417 --> 00:31:40,042
for multiple civilizations
in Mesoamerica.

570
00:31:40,208 --> 00:31:44,292
A particular characteristic
of the Quetzalcoatl

571
00:31:44,500 --> 00:31:47,583
is the feathers
on the bottom of his body

572
00:31:47,750 --> 00:31:50,208
that really denote the deity.

573
00:31:51,083 --> 00:31:53,000
Quetzalcoatl is one of the,

574
00:31:53,167 --> 00:31:55,708
if not the primary
Mesoamerican god.

575
00:31:55,875 --> 00:31:57,833
He's a god of light,
a god of wisdom,

576
00:31:58,000 --> 00:31:59,667
a god of healing,

577
00:31:59,875 --> 00:32:02,583
and ultimately a peacemaker.

578
00:32:03,625 --> 00:32:06,708
[Narrator] In their codices,
the Aztecs write about

579
00:32:06,875 --> 00:32:09,292
Quetzalcoatl
teaching their ancestors

580
00:32:09,417 --> 00:32:11,375
various disciplines
that were essential

581
00:32:11,542 --> 00:32:14,375
to establishing
their vast civilization.

582
00:32:16,042 --> 00:32:18,167
Quetzalcoatl descended
from the sky

583
00:32:18,333 --> 00:32:22,333
in physical form and taught
the local populations

584
00:32:22,542 --> 00:32:25,000
in different
scientific disciplines

585
00:32:25,208 --> 00:32:27,333
like mathematics...

586
00:32:28,250 --> 00:32:31,167
...agriculture, medicine,

587
00:32:31,333 --> 00:32:34,083
writing,
all these different things.

588
00:32:35,208 --> 00:32:38,333
It's interesting to see
that this is not the only place

589
00:32:38,500 --> 00:32:42,167
where, in ancient mythology,
the same takes place.

590
00:32:42,333 --> 00:32:46,292
Because there are other cultures
around the world that also refer

591
00:32:46,458 --> 00:32:50,667
to teacher gods
who descended from the sky.

592
00:32:52,042 --> 00:32:53,417
[Narrator] Throughout
the ancient world,

593
00:32:53,583 --> 00:32:56,083
stories can be found
of powerful beings

594
00:32:56,208 --> 00:32:57,875
who came from the stars

595
00:32:58,042 --> 00:32:59,833
and shared wisdom
with early humans

596
00:33:00,042 --> 00:33:02,250
to help jump-start civilization.

597
00:33:03,208 --> 00:33:06,583
In Egypt,
the god Ptah shared knowledge

598
00:33:06,750 --> 00:33:09,292
of technology and metalworking.

599
00:33:09,500 --> 00:33:11,583
Prometheus taught
the ancient Greeks

600
00:33:11,750 --> 00:33:13,500
how to wield fire.

601
00:33:14,458 --> 00:33:16,333
And the world's
first civilization,

602
00:33:16,542 --> 00:33:19,042
the Sumerians,
wrote that they were visited

603
00:33:19,250 --> 00:33:22,542
by divine teachers
known as the Anunnaki.

604
00:33:24,083 --> 00:33:25,792
[Amir Hussain] In the Sumerian
tradition,

605
00:33:25,917 --> 00:33:27,875
one of the gods, Enlil,

606
00:33:28,042 --> 00:33:29,917
teaches human beings
about agriculture,

607
00:33:30,042 --> 00:33:34,792
teaches human beings how to plow
into the ground and plant seeds.

608
00:33:34,917 --> 00:33:36,583
It's the gods
who show human beings

609
00:33:36,792 --> 00:33:40,583
how to use technology,
how to create this technology.

610
00:33:41,625 --> 00:33:44,708
[Tsoukalos] This idea
that there were teacher gods

611
00:33:44,875 --> 00:33:46,167
a long time ago,

612
00:33:46,375 --> 00:33:49,167
the ancient astronaut
theory suggests

613
00:33:49,375 --> 00:33:53,083
that our ancestors were all
visited by the same teachers.

614
00:33:53,250 --> 00:33:54,708
The same extraterrestrials.

615
00:33:56,208 --> 00:33:57,583
[Narrator] Could Quetzalcoatl

616
00:33:57,708 --> 00:34:00,417
represent
an extraterrestrial visitor

617
00:34:00,583 --> 00:34:04,083
who helped to establish
civilization in Mesoamerica?

618
00:34:05,417 --> 00:34:08,000
According to
ancient astronaut theorists,

619
00:34:08,208 --> 00:34:10,000
support for this notion
can be found

620
00:34:10,167 --> 00:34:13,042
not only in the Aztec codices

621
00:34:13,208 --> 00:34:17,167
but also by examining
a number of curious depictions

622
00:34:17,333 --> 00:34:19,208
of the Feathered Serpent god.

623
00:34:23,125 --> 00:34:24,500
La Venta, Mexico.

624
00:34:26,042 --> 00:34:28,208
1955.

625
00:34:29,500 --> 00:34:33,417
American archaeologists
Philip Drucker and Robert Heizer

626
00:34:33,583 --> 00:34:37,083
begin an excavation
of an Olmec pyramid mound.

627
00:34:38,042 --> 00:34:39,625
North of the main pyramid,

628
00:34:39,708 --> 00:34:41,958
they unearth
a mysterious carved stela

629
00:34:42,083 --> 00:34:46,125
that they date
to around 1200 BC.

630
00:34:46,292 --> 00:34:49,000
Now known as Monument 19,

631
00:34:49,208 --> 00:34:51,708
it is believed by many
to be the oldest depiction

632
00:34:51,875 --> 00:34:55,125
of Quetzalcoatl ever discovered.

633
00:34:57,000 --> 00:34:58,542
[Barnhart] La Venta Monument 19

634
00:34:58,708 --> 00:35:02,208
is such an interesting
and evocative piece of art

635
00:35:02,375 --> 00:35:04,125
that it's gotten a ton of names.

636
00:35:04,292 --> 00:35:06,625
One of them is the Rocket Man.

637
00:35:07,625 --> 00:35:09,958
[Tsoukalos] It depicts
this weird scenery

638
00:35:10,042 --> 00:35:14,917
of some guy
enclosed inside a snake,

639
00:35:15,083 --> 00:35:19,500
and it's as if he's sitting
on some sort of a seat.

640
00:35:19,708 --> 00:35:22,750
The guy's, you know,
wearing some sort of a suit

641
00:35:22,875 --> 00:35:24,625
with a helmet,

642
00:35:24,750 --> 00:35:27,667
and he is, you know, just
sitting inside this enclosure.

643
00:35:27,833 --> 00:35:33,250
In my opinion, it's an example
of misunderstood technology.

644
00:35:33,375 --> 00:35:37,333
Monument 19 is a representation

645
00:35:37,542 --> 00:35:39,625
of Quetzalcoatl,
the teacher god,

646
00:35:39,792 --> 00:35:42,250
inside of a flying craft.

647
00:35:43,333 --> 00:35:45,667
[Narrator] Does Monument 19's
unique depiction

648
00:35:45,875 --> 00:35:48,750
of Quetzalcoatl,
not as a feathered serpent

649
00:35:48,917 --> 00:35:50,625
but as a humanlike figure

650
00:35:50,792 --> 00:35:52,750
sitting within the body
of a serpent,

651
00:35:52,917 --> 00:35:54,875
provide further evidence

652
00:35:55,000 --> 00:35:58,333
that he was a real-life visitor
from another world?

653
00:35:59,375 --> 00:36:02,292
Curiously, the Olmecs
weren't the only people

654
00:36:02,458 --> 00:36:05,667
to depict Quetzalcoatl
in human form.

655
00:36:05,833 --> 00:36:09,125
There are also Maya and Aztec
depictions of Quetzalcoatl

656
00:36:09,292 --> 00:36:11,250
that show a human face

657
00:36:11,417 --> 00:36:14,458
seeming to emerge
from the mouth of a serpent.

658
00:36:16,542 --> 00:36:19,375
[Von Däniken] Now, according
to Central American tradition,

659
00:36:19,500 --> 00:36:23,208
Quetzalcoatl is supposed
to have descended from a star.

660
00:36:24,458 --> 00:36:27,792
He's represented
as the Feathered Serpent,

661
00:36:27,958 --> 00:36:30,625
but also he's represented

662
00:36:30,792 --> 00:36:33,708
in the human form
with the helmet.

663
00:36:33,875 --> 00:36:37,708
There are many of these
representations of Quetzalcoatl.

664
00:36:37,875 --> 00:36:41,583
Quetzalcoatl was definitely
an extraterrestrial.

665
00:36:47,417 --> 00:36:47,625
High in the mountains of Peru

666
00:36:48,875 --> 00:36:51,875
stands one of the most
mysterious monuments on Earth.

667
00:36:52,042 --> 00:36:54,042
It's an ancient fortress

668
00:36:54,250 --> 00:36:56,958
with walls built
from gigantic stones

669
00:36:57,167 --> 00:36:59,208
that are joined so tightly,

670
00:36:59,375 --> 00:37:02,333
it'd be difficult
to recreate them today.

671
00:37:02,458 --> 00:37:05,375
But for some researchers,
the most compelling question

672
00:37:05,542 --> 00:37:08,250
isn't how this structure
was created

673
00:37:08,417 --> 00:37:11,375
but, rather, when.

674
00:37:16,292 --> 00:37:18,375
[Narrator] Cusco, Peru.

675
00:37:18,542 --> 00:37:21,750
Nestled in a high river valley
of the Andes Mountains,

676
00:37:21,875 --> 00:37:25,375
among peaks towering
over 20,000 feet,

677
00:37:25,542 --> 00:37:29,125
this once-great city
served as the capital

678
00:37:29,333 --> 00:37:30,625
of the Inca Empire

679
00:37:30,792 --> 00:37:34,333
from the 13th
to 16th centuries AD.

680
00:37:34,542 --> 00:37:39,542
In 1533, Spanish conquistadors
arrived in Cusco

681
00:37:39,708 --> 00:37:43,000
and were astonished
by the incredible stonework

682
00:37:43,125 --> 00:37:47,958
found at a site just north
of the city called Sacsayhuamán.

683
00:37:49,542 --> 00:37:51,583
[Brien Foerster] Above the city
of Cusco, we find

684
00:37:51,792 --> 00:37:55,000
the megalithic site
and huge ceremonial Inca complex

685
00:37:55,125 --> 00:37:56,667
called Sacsayhuamán.

686
00:37:57,708 --> 00:38:02,042
Its most prominent feature is
a zigzag wall of three levels.

687
00:38:02,208 --> 00:38:06,875
Some of the stones there
weigh as much as 125 tons

688
00:38:07,042 --> 00:38:11,250
and were moved from the quarry
at least three miles away.

689
00:38:11,375 --> 00:38:12,667
[Tsoukalos] Sacsayhuamán

690
00:38:12,875 --> 00:38:15,167
is one of the most beautiful
ancient structures

691
00:38:15,375 --> 00:38:16,875
you will ever see in your life.

692
00:38:17,083 --> 00:38:21,583
There are massive,
gigantic megalithic blocks,

693
00:38:21,750 --> 00:38:26,208
and you find the most amazing
of masonry style

694
00:38:26,375 --> 00:38:28,667
where you can't even fit
a dollar bill

695
00:38:28,875 --> 00:38:33,000
in between the fittings
of any of the blocks.

696
00:38:33,125 --> 00:38:36,792
[Narrator] Sacsayhuamán
served both as a fortress

697
00:38:36,958 --> 00:38:38,833
and a ceremonial center.

698
00:38:39,042 --> 00:38:43,208
A circular structure that lies
within the megalithic walls,

699
00:38:43,375 --> 00:38:46,500
called Muyuq Marka,
was the base of a tower

700
00:38:46,708 --> 00:38:49,417
where the Inca worshipped
the sun god Inti.

701
00:38:50,417 --> 00:38:53,667
However, many experts suggest
that while the Inca

702
00:38:53,792 --> 00:38:56,542
certainly utilized
this megalithic structure,

703
00:38:56,708 --> 00:38:59,333
they were not the ones
to build it.

704
00:38:59,542 --> 00:39:00,667
[Foerster] Standard belief
is that

705
00:39:00,875 --> 00:39:03,500
the Inca constructed
Sacsayhuamán

706
00:39:03,667 --> 00:39:05,750
less than a thousand years ago.

707
00:39:07,542 --> 00:39:11,333
But some of the earliest
Spanish chronicles, it is said

708
00:39:11,542 --> 00:39:14,833
that the Spanish
were completely astounded

709
00:39:15,042 --> 00:39:18,333
by seeing this site,
and they asked the local Inca,

710
00:39:18,500 --> 00:39:21,750
"Did you build it?"
and the Inca replied, "No.

711
00:39:21,875 --> 00:39:26,042
This was here
when we arrived 500 years ago."

712
00:39:27,667 --> 00:39:31,042
[Narrator] Many experts believe
Sacsayhuamán predates the Inca

713
00:39:31,208 --> 00:39:32,958
by thousands of years

714
00:39:33,167 --> 00:39:37,333
and that the Inca built on top
of what came before.

715
00:39:37,542 --> 00:39:38,917
[Foerster] The Inca were

716
00:39:39,042 --> 00:39:40,667
a Bronze Age civilization,

717
00:39:40,792 --> 00:39:43,083
and the stones at Sacsayhuamán

718
00:39:43,250 --> 00:39:46,000
are metamorphosed limestone,

719
00:39:46,208 --> 00:39:48,875
which is much harder than bronze

720
00:39:49,042 --> 00:39:52,833
and could not be cut or shaped
using bronze tools.

721
00:39:53,042 --> 00:39:54,958
Inca built on top

722
00:39:55,125 --> 00:39:57,000
'cause you can tell
a major difference

723
00:39:57,208 --> 00:39:59,500
between megalithic construction,

724
00:39:59,708 --> 00:40:02,000
where the stones fit
perfectly together,

725
00:40:02,083 --> 00:40:05,208
and the Inca, which is stones
piled on top of stones

726
00:40:05,375 --> 00:40:08,083
with mortar as filler.

727
00:40:08,250 --> 00:40:12,708
[Narrator] But if Sacsayhuamán
really does predate the Inca,

728
00:40:12,833 --> 00:40:15,875
as the Inca themselves claimed,

729
00:40:16,042 --> 00:40:18,500
how could an even
earlier civilization

730
00:40:18,708 --> 00:40:21,875
have possessed
far superior technology?

731
00:40:22,083 --> 00:40:23,833
[Tsoukalos] The ancient Inca
talk about

732
00:40:24,042 --> 00:40:29,500
celestial beings who descended
from the sky a long time ago

733
00:40:29,667 --> 00:40:32,583
and imparted
the first knowledge of anything

734
00:40:32,750 --> 00:40:36,208
toward people of Earth.

735
00:40:36,375 --> 00:40:38,375
The ancient astronaut
theory suggests

736
00:40:38,542 --> 00:40:41,833
it was human beings
who built Sacsayhuamán

737
00:40:42,042 --> 00:40:45,958
but under the tutelage
of the extraterrestrials.

738
00:40:47,708 --> 00:40:49,917
The remarkable engineering

739
00:40:50,083 --> 00:40:52,667
of the stone walls
at Sacsayhuamán

740
00:40:52,833 --> 00:40:55,583
is just one of many
fascinating enigmas

741
00:40:55,750 --> 00:40:58,500
that the ancient
Peruvian site holds.

742
00:40:58,667 --> 00:41:01,333
And as we've seen,
mysterious monuments

743
00:41:01,542 --> 00:41:04,042
come in all shapes and sizes.

744
00:41:04,250 --> 00:41:07,500
From colossal megaliths in Japan

745
00:41:07,708 --> 00:41:10,708
and baffling stone spheres
in Bosnia

746
00:41:10,917 --> 00:41:14,333
to giant stone boxes in Egypt,

747
00:41:14,417 --> 00:41:17,125
what they all have
in common is that

748
00:41:17,208 --> 00:41:20,875
they were created to last
for thousands of years,

749
00:41:21,042 --> 00:41:24,708
perhaps to honor
or to immortalize

750
00:41:24,875 --> 00:41:28,833
extraterrestrial contact
in the distant past.

751
00:41:28,958 --> 00:41:32,792
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