1 00:00:05,558 --> 00:00:09,225 (bright instrumental music) 2 00:00:16,182 --> 00:00:20,349 - [Narrator] This is a little fishing village in Portugal. 3 00:00:22,283 --> 00:00:24,758 - Thanks for your help, Vasco. 4 00:00:24,758 --> 00:00:25,591 - A-ha. 5 00:00:27,915 --> 00:00:32,082 - Hey, let's go for a ride (snickering). 6 00:00:33,206 --> 00:00:37,600 Hey, why don't we take that one, it's Pedro's boat. 7 00:00:37,600 --> 00:00:40,017 (snickering) 8 00:00:42,550 --> 00:00:45,133 (bright music) 9 00:00:50,147 --> 00:00:52,451 - Hey, what are you doing? 10 00:00:52,451 --> 00:00:54,798 The wind is blowing, we'll never make it back. 11 00:00:54,798 --> 00:00:56,974 - Don't worry, Vasco, I'm on watch. 12 00:00:56,974 --> 00:01:01,057 - [Vasco] But we're being blown out to sea, look. 13 00:01:02,136 --> 00:01:04,184 - He's right, you better make for shore. 14 00:01:04,184 --> 00:01:06,684 - Eh, you're taking a walk eh. 15 00:01:12,163 --> 00:01:14,339 - It's no use, it's impossible to sail against the wind. 16 00:01:14,339 --> 00:01:15,875 We'll have to tack. 17 00:01:15,875 --> 00:01:16,708 - What? 18 00:01:18,008 --> 00:01:19,841 - Let me do it. - Yeah. 19 00:01:23,086 --> 00:01:24,366 - We could capsize any second. 20 00:01:24,366 --> 00:01:26,539 Quick, move to the other side as a counterweight. 21 00:01:26,539 --> 00:01:27,372 Quick, go! 22 00:01:29,696 --> 00:01:31,232 - What's going on, Pedro? 23 00:01:31,232 --> 00:01:34,347 - The children took my boat and they almost capsized. 24 00:01:34,347 --> 00:01:35,654 - The children, my son? 25 00:01:35,654 --> 00:01:37,744 - I was just sleeping in the boat. 26 00:01:37,744 --> 00:01:39,195 That boy really knows what he's doing. 27 00:01:39,195 --> 00:01:43,078 Look at him, Vasco will be a good sailor, he's a natural. 28 00:01:43,078 --> 00:01:45,808 - That lad, we've just seen improving his seamanship 29 00:01:45,808 --> 00:01:48,960 in his native Portuguese village, near Lisbon. 30 00:01:48,960 --> 00:01:52,267 And will soon go a long way, a very long way. 31 00:01:52,267 --> 00:01:54,150 The end of the 15th Century was approaching. 32 00:01:54,150 --> 00:01:56,171 Christopher Columbus, 18 years his senior, 33 00:01:56,171 --> 00:01:58,006 would soon set off for America. 34 00:01:58,006 --> 00:01:59,840 But Columbus thought he was sailing to the Indies, 35 00:01:59,840 --> 00:02:02,784 but adventurers were already sailing farther across the sea 36 00:02:02,784 --> 00:02:03,936 and some went by land. 37 00:02:03,936 --> 00:02:05,430 Like a certain Pero da Covilhã, 38 00:02:05,430 --> 00:02:06,710 who was sent by the King of Portugal 39 00:02:06,710 --> 00:02:09,654 as an emissary to spy and travel the so called Spice Route. 40 00:02:09,654 --> 00:02:12,427 Pepper, ginger, cinnamon, and clove, 41 00:02:12,427 --> 00:02:13,760 saffron, nutmeg. 42 00:02:16,502 --> 00:02:19,744 At that time these were very precious, and very expensive. 43 00:02:19,744 --> 00:02:20,643 - Expensive? 44 00:02:20,643 --> 00:02:21,582 What are you saying? 45 00:02:21,582 --> 00:02:24,014 I can go to the supermarket and buy all I want. 46 00:02:24,014 --> 00:02:25,294 - Ah, yes, today you can; 47 00:02:25,294 --> 00:02:27,342 but back then it wasn't quite so simple. 48 00:02:27,342 --> 00:02:28,195 We'll see for yourself. 49 00:02:28,195 --> 00:02:29,859 The voyage, it required at each port 50 00:02:29,859 --> 00:02:30,968 the call of duties were levied 51 00:02:30,968 --> 00:02:32,422 and merchants' profits paid. 52 00:02:32,422 --> 00:02:36,589 And then when the spices finally arrived in Lisbon. 53 00:02:38,096 --> 00:02:40,400 - Good day, Merchant, I will have some pepper and nutmeg. 54 00:02:40,400 --> 00:02:42,150 - Noble sir, prices have gone up. 55 00:02:42,150 --> 00:02:44,240 Turk position is higher, not to mention the taxes, 56 00:02:44,240 --> 00:02:46,134 and now it's taxes on taxes. 57 00:02:46,134 --> 00:02:48,395 It means the end of shopkeeping as we know it. 58 00:02:48,395 --> 00:02:49,228 - How much? 59 00:02:49,228 --> 00:02:51,062 - Well, sir, I'm afraid pepper is worth its weight 60 00:02:51,062 --> 00:02:53,622 in pure silver, that's how it is. 61 00:02:53,622 --> 00:02:55,456 - That's sheer madness. 62 00:02:55,456 --> 00:02:57,206 Nevertheless, I need it, very well. 63 00:02:57,206 --> 00:02:59,640 - Good decision, sir. 64 00:02:59,640 --> 00:03:02,223 (upbeat music) 65 00:03:03,907 --> 00:03:07,278 And nutmeg is worth half its weight in pure gold. 66 00:03:07,278 --> 00:03:10,709 That's how it is, a luxury product. 67 00:03:10,709 --> 00:03:11,542 - Hm. 68 00:03:15,698 --> 00:03:17,038 - Hm. 69 00:03:17,038 --> 00:03:18,496 - But, really, Father, it's a fortune. 70 00:03:18,496 --> 00:03:20,886 - Yes, we pay too much for spices, you're right. 71 00:03:20,886 --> 00:03:22,848 - Well, we have our own ships, we could get it. 72 00:03:22,848 --> 00:03:23,832 - That's impossible, my boy, 73 00:03:23,832 --> 00:03:26,304 we don't know where or how to find such spices. 74 00:03:26,304 --> 00:03:28,182 Some experienced sailors say you'd have to sail 75 00:03:28,182 --> 00:03:29,760 all the way around Africa. 76 00:03:29,760 --> 00:03:30,912 But who would dare try it, 77 00:03:30,912 --> 00:03:32,704 they say the sea rushes into a void, 78 00:03:32,704 --> 00:03:34,368 that sea monsters lie in wait for ships. 79 00:03:34,368 --> 00:03:36,041 Why, one of our men has voyaged fathers, 80 00:03:36,041 --> 00:03:40,229 Captain Cormez, and he barely pass the equator. 81 00:03:40,229 --> 00:03:42,387 - Oh, I'm only 10, everything will be discovered 82 00:03:42,387 --> 00:03:43,454 when I grow up. 83 00:03:43,454 --> 00:03:44,947 - Oh, my son, there will be discoveries. 84 00:03:44,947 --> 00:03:47,464 No one has reached the tip of Africa yet, 85 00:03:47,464 --> 00:03:49,811 or the Indies, we really know so little. 86 00:03:49,811 --> 00:03:51,390 The Pole Star vanishes in the South. 87 00:03:51,390 --> 00:03:52,328 - Disappears? 88 00:03:52,328 --> 00:03:54,547 - Yes, you've heard of the Pole Star, Vasco? 89 00:03:54,547 --> 00:03:55,380 - Yes, father, 90 00:03:55,380 --> 00:03:57,323 Pedro told me all about the Big and Little Dippers. 91 00:03:57,323 --> 00:03:58,475 - Dippers, what do you mean? 92 00:03:58,475 --> 00:04:01,846 - I'll be very happy to explain about it, Father. 93 00:04:01,846 --> 00:04:03,552 There's the constellation of the Great Bear, 94 00:04:03,552 --> 00:04:04,814 some call it the Big Dipper. 95 00:04:04,814 --> 00:04:06,520 You calculate a distance five times as great 96 00:04:06,520 --> 00:04:08,483 as the distance between the stars in the handle. 97 00:04:08,483 --> 00:04:10,571 And that's the Pole Star, indicating north. 98 00:04:10,571 --> 00:04:12,278 And the Little Dipper, the Little Bear, 99 00:04:12,278 --> 00:04:14,383 the Pole Star is at the end of the handle. 100 00:04:14,383 --> 00:04:16,779 - And do you know why it is the Pole Star disappears 101 00:04:16,779 --> 00:04:19,384 when we approach the equator? 102 00:04:19,384 --> 00:04:21,731 - I know why, the Earth is round; 103 00:04:21,731 --> 00:04:22,915 as we go towards the South, 104 00:04:22,915 --> 00:04:26,891 it get lower in the horizon until it disappears. 105 00:04:26,891 --> 00:04:28,214 - [Narrator] Young Vasco da Gama 106 00:04:28,214 --> 00:04:30,881 will serve as apprentice seaman. 107 00:04:32,438 --> 00:04:35,105 He'll take part on many voyages. 108 00:04:36,448 --> 00:04:39,435 A few years later, his friend, Bartolomeu Dias, 109 00:04:39,435 --> 00:04:40,672 will be the first to sail 110 00:04:40,672 --> 00:04:44,470 and reach the southern tip of Africa, 111 00:04:44,470 --> 00:04:46,155 the Cape of Storms 112 00:04:46,155 --> 00:04:50,251 later it would be called the Cape of Good Hope. 113 00:04:50,251 --> 00:04:51,536 - [Man] Vasco? (crowd cheering) 114 00:04:51,536 --> 00:04:53,840 - Bravo, you reached the Indian Ocean. 115 00:04:53,840 --> 00:04:56,443 Do you realize Bartolomeu, no one has ever gone 116 00:04:56,443 --> 00:04:57,510 as far as you did? 117 00:04:57,510 --> 00:05:00,923 - I might have gone much father, but my crew wouldn't go on. 118 00:05:00,923 --> 00:05:02,517 Around Africa, all the way to the Indies, 119 00:05:02,517 --> 00:05:04,566 who can say, but my men were terrified, 120 00:05:04,566 --> 00:05:06,998 insisted on sailing back, so here I am. 121 00:05:06,998 --> 00:05:08,960 Who is that sailor, do you know him? 122 00:05:08,960 --> 00:05:10,710 - He is a captain from Genoa, 123 00:05:10,710 --> 00:05:12,758 his name is Christopher Columbus. 124 00:05:12,758 --> 00:05:14,891 For some time now, he's tried to convince our king 125 00:05:14,891 --> 00:05:17,664 the he can reach the Indies by sailing west. 126 00:05:17,664 --> 00:05:18,520 - By sailing west? 127 00:05:18,520 --> 00:05:19,971 That idiocy. 128 00:05:19,971 --> 00:05:22,915 - If you can reach the Indies by sailing around Africa, 129 00:05:22,915 --> 00:05:25,415 it will ruin all I've planned. 130 00:05:29,358 --> 00:05:32,174 - Da-myer-erz, this is just what we need. 131 00:05:32,174 --> 00:05:34,200 Come, my friends, look at this map. 132 00:05:34,200 --> 00:05:36,376 It is highly secretive and included everything known 133 00:05:36,376 --> 00:05:37,614 about the world. 134 00:05:37,614 --> 00:05:40,728 My astronomer Abraham Zacuto Ben Samuel 135 00:05:40,728 --> 00:05:42,401 has brought it up to date, 136 00:05:42,401 --> 00:05:45,099 including information of Pero da Covilhã on the Indies. 137 00:05:45,099 --> 00:05:46,294 It's quite interesting. 138 00:05:46,294 --> 00:05:49,238 - The Indies, no one's ever sailed to the Indies. 139 00:05:49,238 --> 00:05:50,844 - Covilhã has been all the way to the to Arabia 140 00:05:50,844 --> 00:05:51,677 on a camel. 141 00:05:51,677 --> 00:05:53,464 - [Vasco] And the Arabs let him do it? 142 00:05:53,464 --> 00:05:55,299 - They converted him into an Arab. 143 00:05:55,299 --> 00:05:57,091 (group laughs) 144 00:05:57,091 --> 00:05:58,584 - [Bartolomeu] So, once I sailed around Africa, 145 00:05:58,584 --> 00:05:59,417 I was closer to the Indies 146 00:05:59,417 --> 00:06:00,336 than I was to Portugal. 147 00:06:00,336 --> 00:06:02,726 - Unless I am wrong, you could have reached the Indies 148 00:06:02,726 --> 00:06:03,963 in less than a month. 149 00:06:03,963 --> 00:06:05,798 - Oh, My crew wouldn't go on. 150 00:06:05,798 --> 00:06:06,864 - [Vasco] What is this here? 151 00:06:06,864 --> 00:06:09,424 - Oh, that's a land discovered by one of my captains. 152 00:06:09,424 --> 00:06:10,918 It's a state secret. 153 00:06:10,918 --> 00:06:14,246 On your oath, you must tell nobody. 154 00:06:14,246 --> 00:06:15,867 - Couldn't that be the Indies? 155 00:06:15,867 --> 00:06:17,867 - Oh, no, it's a newly discovered land. 156 00:06:17,867 --> 00:06:19,190 We found no gold or spices, 157 00:06:19,190 --> 00:06:21,323 but there is a wood as red as braised coal, 158 00:06:21,323 --> 00:06:23,158 so it's Brazil. 159 00:06:23,158 --> 00:06:24,822 - Well then, that captain from Genoa 160 00:06:24,822 --> 00:06:28,091 who wants to sail westward, what was his name? 161 00:06:28,091 --> 00:06:29,755 - Christopher Columbus. 162 00:06:29,755 --> 00:06:31,974 He's wrong, to get to the Indies, you have to 163 00:06:31,974 --> 00:06:35,216 sail around Africa to the east. 164 00:06:35,216 --> 00:06:39,144 - I see why your majesty refuses to finance his expedition. 165 00:06:39,144 --> 00:06:41,790 - I have confidence in only you, my Portuguese captains. 166 00:06:41,790 --> 00:06:45,957 This Columbus is now selling his services to Spain. 167 00:06:49,214 --> 00:06:51,518 - [Narrator] On the 12th of October, 1492, 168 00:06:51,518 --> 00:06:55,016 after 36 days at sea, Columbus landed. 169 00:06:55,016 --> 00:06:56,851 He thought he had reached the Indies. 170 00:06:56,851 --> 00:06:59,667 But the American continent got in the way; 171 00:06:59,667 --> 00:07:02,056 he discovered it for the Europeans. 172 00:07:02,056 --> 00:07:04,232 You could say he didn't know where he was going, 173 00:07:04,232 --> 00:07:05,470 he didn't know where when he got there, 174 00:07:05,470 --> 00:07:08,064 and he didn't know where he'd been when he got back. 175 00:07:08,064 --> 00:07:09,731 Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain 176 00:07:09,731 --> 00:07:11,000 have an audience with the Pope, Alexander VI. 177 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:13,654 - Your Holiness, it is most important that 178 00:07:13,654 --> 00:07:15,147 Spanish and Catholic interests 179 00:07:15,147 --> 00:07:17,067 be protected over the Western oceans. 180 00:07:17,067 --> 00:07:20,331 Permit me to remind you that you are Spanish as well. 181 00:07:20,331 --> 00:07:21,355 - Write it down. 182 00:07:21,355 --> 00:07:23,512 I here-ward declare that all territories 183 00:07:23,512 --> 00:07:24,747 discovered by Christopher Columbus 184 00:07:24,747 --> 00:07:26,496 now and henceforth are Spanish. 185 00:07:26,496 --> 00:07:28,459 All of the territories discovered west of the a-zulz 186 00:07:28,459 --> 00:07:30,678 will be considered the possessions of Spain as well. 187 00:07:30,678 --> 00:07:32,678 Will the do it? - Uh-huh. 188 00:07:36,779 --> 00:07:40,196 (snickers mischievously) 189 00:07:41,310 --> 00:07:42,143 - Ow, oo. 190 00:07:43,699 --> 00:07:44,532 - Idiot. 191 00:07:46,686 --> 00:07:48,136 - Here is your edict. 192 00:07:48,136 --> 00:07:50,099 - [Narrator] And the parchment with the people boo 193 00:07:50,099 --> 00:07:51,864 sent to the King of Portugal. 194 00:07:51,864 --> 00:07:53,576 - No, I cannot agree with his. 195 00:07:53,576 --> 00:07:56,726 Look at it, they want everything, these Spanish. 196 00:07:56,726 --> 00:07:58,902 I will personally confront Ferdinand and Isabella. 197 00:07:58,902 --> 00:08:02,652 Give me the other map, I won't take this one. 198 00:08:04,875 --> 00:08:06,880 - It is the Pope's decree, he is quite right, 199 00:08:06,880 --> 00:08:08,758 Spain is large country, it's only right 200 00:08:08,758 --> 00:08:10,635 that we take the greater part. 201 00:08:10,635 --> 00:08:13,835 Now Portugal is small with a smaller part, that's all. 202 00:08:13,835 --> 00:08:15,158 - We do not agree. 203 00:08:15,158 --> 00:08:18,272 I remind you, Portugal has a powerful and very great navy. 204 00:08:18,272 --> 00:08:20,363 Consider. - What do you suggest? 205 00:08:20,363 --> 00:08:23,478 - I suggest a line of demarcation drawn here. 206 00:08:23,478 --> 00:08:25,184 - I don't see what you gain, 207 00:08:25,184 --> 00:08:26,891 there is nothing but water. 208 00:08:26,891 --> 00:08:29,024 However, if that will please you. 209 00:08:29,024 --> 00:08:29,878 - [Narrator] And so you see, 210 00:08:29,878 --> 00:08:32,224 through the treating signed at Tordesillas, 211 00:08:32,224 --> 00:08:33,803 Portugal acquired Brazil. 212 00:08:33,803 --> 00:08:35,595 The Spanish didn't even know it existed, 213 00:08:35,595 --> 00:08:37,078 but the Portuguese did. 214 00:08:37,078 --> 00:08:37,911 - Ah. 215 00:08:43,488 --> 00:08:44,640 I've made up my mind. 216 00:08:44,640 --> 00:08:49,419 Vasco, you command the expedition to the Indies. 217 00:08:49,419 --> 00:08:53,088 Paulo da Gama, you'll be captain of one of the ships. 218 00:08:53,088 --> 00:08:55,435 And you, Abraham, you'll instruct my captains 219 00:08:55,435 --> 00:08:59,318 in the mysteries of the stars in the Southern Hemisphere. 220 00:08:59,318 --> 00:09:01,260 Diaz, with your knowledge and experience, 221 00:09:01,260 --> 00:09:04,566 you're the best suited to supervise preparations. 222 00:09:04,566 --> 00:09:07,808 - You never leave by the Southern Cross, Captains. 223 00:09:07,808 --> 00:09:10,283 - Anyway, my cousin, you'll soon be king. 224 00:09:10,283 --> 00:09:13,227 You must always remember to entrust in Portugal, 225 00:09:13,227 --> 00:09:15,232 ride beyond the seas. 226 00:09:15,232 --> 00:09:17,750 - Salted meat, biscuits, lentils, sardines, 227 00:09:17,750 --> 00:09:21,632 prunes, almonds, onion, garlic, and mas-kad. 228 00:09:21,632 --> 00:09:24,549 Sugar, flour, honey, it's all here. 229 00:09:34,219 --> 00:09:36,480 - I did it, I'm part of their crew, 230 00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:38,486 assigned to the supply ship. 231 00:09:38,486 --> 00:09:40,790 I'm gonna give them plenty of headaches, alright. 232 00:09:40,790 --> 00:09:42,198 - And I'm gonna make sure that they get 233 00:09:42,198 --> 00:09:43,862 a big reception in Africa. 234 00:09:43,862 --> 00:09:46,294 Don't worry, the Spanish always pay well 235 00:09:46,294 --> 00:09:47,958 for you. (laughs) 236 00:09:47,958 --> 00:09:50,432 - The Holy Church grants eternal salvation to all 237 00:09:50,432 --> 00:09:52,184 who so boldly venture forth on the seas 238 00:09:52,184 --> 00:09:54,601 for the glory of our country. 239 00:10:00,163 --> 00:10:01,955 - Helmsman, starboard. 240 00:10:01,955 --> 00:10:04,390 - Course hon-a starboard! 241 00:10:04,390 --> 00:10:06,473 (grunts) 242 00:10:15,862 --> 00:10:16,843 - If you stay along the coast, 243 00:10:16,843 --> 00:10:18,891 your route will be shorter and safer. 244 00:10:18,891 --> 00:10:20,555 But the winds are erratic and the currents 245 00:10:20,555 --> 00:10:21,494 will slow you up. 246 00:10:21,494 --> 00:10:22,646 - I won't hug the coast, 247 00:10:22,646 --> 00:10:24,224 I'm going much father out, and due south, 248 00:10:24,224 --> 00:10:26,187 to take advantage of favorable winds. 249 00:10:26,187 --> 00:10:27,851 - 1,000 miles out to sea, 250 00:10:27,851 --> 00:10:29,686 hm, well, it will be dangerous. 251 00:10:29,686 --> 00:10:33,853 But you know what you're doing, may God protect you. 252 00:10:47,819 --> 00:10:50,402 (upbeat music) 253 00:11:01,099 --> 00:11:03,182 (laughs) 254 00:11:15,808 --> 00:11:19,308 (speaks foreign language) 255 00:11:28,096 --> 00:11:29,163 - [Vasco] The Pole Star 256 00:11:29,163 --> 00:11:30,656 - What's the, Captain? 257 00:11:30,656 --> 00:11:32,323 - Lad, come and see. 258 00:11:37,611 --> 00:11:39,446 The Pole Star, also called the North Star, 259 00:11:39,446 --> 00:11:42,091 it will go below the horizon very near the equator. 260 00:11:42,091 --> 00:11:44,672 - But then, how will you find directions, Captain? 261 00:11:44,672 --> 00:11:46,379 - [Vasco] You'll see, lad. 262 00:11:46,379 --> 00:11:47,212 What is you name? 263 00:11:47,212 --> 00:11:50,712 - Midilito, I want to be a sailor one day. 264 00:11:53,291 --> 00:11:55,126 - Steer a course south-southwest. 265 00:11:55,126 --> 00:11:56,918 - We'll head south-southwest, Captain? 266 00:11:56,918 --> 00:11:58,923 Oh, we'll sail away from Africa. 267 00:11:58,923 --> 00:12:00,950 - You heard me, I want south-southwest. 268 00:12:00,950 --> 00:12:02,283 - Ha-da-star-uh! 269 00:12:07,478 --> 00:12:09,440 - I don't get it, which way is he steering, 270 00:12:09,440 --> 00:12:10,848 right or left, starboard? 271 00:12:10,848 --> 00:12:13,195 - That's very simple, starboard is tot he right of a ship; 272 00:12:13,195 --> 00:12:16,395 starboard is to the right and port to the left of the ship. 273 00:12:16,395 --> 00:12:18,912 - Right, but why to starboard, to the right, 274 00:12:18,912 --> 00:12:21,174 when Africa is on the left, to port? 275 00:12:21,174 --> 00:12:22,411 - Yeah, a daring decision. 276 00:12:22,411 --> 00:12:24,331 But based upon observations of Portuguese sailors 277 00:12:24,331 --> 00:12:25,611 who'd sailed these waters, 278 00:12:25,611 --> 00:12:27,744 Vasco made for open sea to avoid the counter-currents 279 00:12:27,744 --> 00:12:29,579 and unfavorable winds that he knew he would find 280 00:12:29,579 --> 00:12:32,079 that were nearer to the coast. 281 00:12:33,078 --> 00:12:35,254 - We've been sitting weeks out on the open sea. 282 00:12:35,254 --> 00:12:37,003 The Captain's taking us to our doom. 283 00:12:37,003 --> 00:12:38,539 - Yes, we outta go back home. 284 00:12:38,539 --> 00:12:40,544 - Yeah - We can commender his ship. 285 00:12:40,544 --> 00:12:42,794 - Yeah, let's do it. - Yeah. 286 00:12:44,854 --> 00:12:45,771 - Huh. - Hm. 287 00:12:48,040 --> 00:12:50,305 You see, the midday sun is practically below the horizon. 288 00:12:50,305 --> 00:12:52,235 We are near the Tropic of Capricorn. 289 00:12:52,235 --> 00:12:53,856 We're right here. 290 00:12:53,856 --> 00:12:55,990 - [Midilito] So we sailed to port side, close to the east. 291 00:12:55,990 --> 00:12:57,355 - That's right, Midilito. 292 00:12:57,355 --> 00:12:59,201 Relay my order, go on. - Me, sir? 293 00:12:59,201 --> 00:13:01,368 - Yes. (laughs) 294 00:13:01,368 --> 00:13:03,515 - [Midilito] Par to board side, steer due east. 295 00:13:03,515 --> 00:13:04,870 - Hey, hold on there. 296 00:13:04,870 --> 00:13:06,278 Are you giving the orders here? 297 00:13:06,278 --> 00:13:07,942 - No, I'm giving them. 298 00:13:07,942 --> 00:13:09,051 And those are my order, 299 00:13:09,051 --> 00:13:11,142 har-da port side, steer due east. 300 00:13:11,142 --> 00:13:14,171 - Aye-aye, Captain, at your orders. 301 00:13:14,171 --> 00:13:18,338 - [Narrator] Meanwhile, on the other side of Africa. 302 00:13:20,443 --> 00:13:22,278 - Is it very far to Mombasa? 303 00:13:22,278 --> 00:13:23,515 - [Man] Only three, four weeks. 304 00:13:23,515 --> 00:13:25,051 Who's in hurry, hurry? 305 00:13:25,051 --> 00:13:25,884 - Hm. 306 00:13:30,811 --> 00:13:32,560 It's three months since we've been out to sea, 307 00:13:32,560 --> 00:13:33,798 and no sign of land. 308 00:13:33,798 --> 00:13:35,248 With this captain, we'll all be lost. 309 00:13:35,248 --> 00:13:37,165 - Now we take the ship. 310 00:13:42,198 --> 00:13:44,886 - Huh? - Hey, look at that there. 311 00:13:44,886 --> 00:13:47,019 - Seaweed, we must be near land. 312 00:13:47,019 --> 00:13:48,352 Sound the depth. 313 00:13:51,459 --> 00:13:55,555 - 104, 105, 106, 107, 314 00:13:55,555 --> 00:13:59,224 108, 109, 110, no, uh, 315 00:13:59,224 --> 00:14:00,801 9000, seven, six. 316 00:14:00,801 --> 00:14:02,894 - A remarkable, truly extraordinary feat, 317 00:14:02,894 --> 00:14:04,174 never done until then: 318 00:14:04,174 --> 00:14:06,819 three months out in the open sea with no means of navigation 319 00:14:06,819 --> 00:14:07,843 except the stars. 320 00:14:07,843 --> 00:14:09,635 And Vasco da Gama stepped ashore 321 00:14:09,635 --> 00:14:11,470 almost exactly where he had intended, 322 00:14:11,470 --> 00:14:14,115 not far from the Cape of Good Hope, naturally, 323 00:14:14,115 --> 00:14:15,852 the sailors shouted with joy. 324 00:14:15,852 --> 00:14:18,102 (cheering) 325 00:14:19,491 --> 00:14:21,074 - We made it! - Yay! 326 00:14:23,758 --> 00:14:25,379 - Hey! 327 00:14:25,379 --> 00:14:29,174 - Foiled again, but they haven't seen the last of me. 328 00:14:29,174 --> 00:14:31,757 (upbeat music) 329 00:14:37,216 --> 00:14:38,966 - We stay here for a few days to repair our sails, 330 00:14:38,966 --> 00:14:40,715 and then we'll take out our new provisions. 331 00:14:40,715 --> 00:14:41,548 See to it. 332 00:14:48,054 --> 00:14:49,462 - (both) Whoa. 333 00:14:49,462 --> 00:14:50,295 - Wa-ha. 334 00:14:51,880 --> 00:14:54,963 (laughs idiotically) 335 00:15:02,234 --> 00:15:04,230 (laughs) 336 00:15:04,230 --> 00:15:05,063 - Well. 337 00:15:07,430 --> 00:15:09,763 (men laugh) 338 00:15:15,283 --> 00:15:16,691 He wants to return to his home. 339 00:15:16,691 --> 00:15:18,024 Take him ashore. 340 00:15:21,982 --> 00:15:24,158 They seem friendly, and very much like us. 341 00:15:24,158 --> 00:15:26,208 I think we might get on very well, all of us, 342 00:15:26,208 --> 00:15:28,086 don't you think? 343 00:15:28,086 --> 00:15:29,664 - No, wait, 344 00:15:29,664 --> 00:15:32,139 look pal, the Portuguese are very bad, 345 00:15:32,139 --> 00:15:33,462 they're bad, alright? 346 00:15:33,462 --> 00:15:36,150 They want your necklaces and your bracelets 347 00:15:36,150 --> 00:15:38,155 you gotta attack them with you as-in-eyz 348 00:15:38,155 --> 00:15:39,350 and your spears, right? 349 00:15:39,350 --> 00:15:40,960 (speaks foreign language) 350 00:15:40,960 --> 00:15:44,210 (laughs mischievously) 351 00:15:46,934 --> 00:15:48,512 - Huh? - Oh. 352 00:15:48,512 --> 00:15:50,679 (yelling) 353 00:15:56,022 --> 00:15:57,942 - I'll be alright, don't worry, it's only a scratch. 354 00:15:57,942 --> 00:15:59,307 But I am surprised, 355 00:15:59,307 --> 00:16:01,440 they seemed to be extremely friendly. 356 00:16:01,440 --> 00:16:02,763 Well, too bad. 357 00:16:02,763 --> 00:16:05,579 We have our provisions, and so we can be on our way. 358 00:16:05,579 --> 00:16:06,746 We sail south. 359 00:16:12,832 --> 00:16:13,665 Look there. 360 00:16:13,665 --> 00:16:15,392 It's the exact spot where Bartolomeu Diaz 361 00:16:15,392 --> 00:16:17,398 turned around 10 years ago. 362 00:16:17,398 --> 00:16:19,926 - You mean nobody's ever gone any further? 363 00:16:19,926 --> 00:16:21,426 - [Vasco] Not yet. 364 00:16:33,526 --> 00:16:34,359 - Huh? 365 00:16:35,531 --> 00:16:36,364 - Eh. 366 00:16:58,462 --> 00:17:01,107 - Oh, no, Captain, Captain, over here, quick! 367 00:17:01,107 --> 00:17:02,686 - [Paulo] Lucky thing the water wasn't deeper, 368 00:17:02,686 --> 00:17:05,269 we'd have lost all or supplies. 369 00:17:08,878 --> 00:17:10,627 - No, we can't abandon her like that. 370 00:17:10,627 --> 00:17:11,794 Burn the ship. 371 00:17:13,785 --> 00:17:17,952 Foiled, foiled again, rats, rats. (growls angrily) 372 00:17:20,782 --> 00:17:21,615 - Here. 373 00:17:22,787 --> 00:17:25,728 (upbeat music) 374 00:17:25,728 --> 00:17:26,811 - Psst, psst. 375 00:17:27,825 --> 00:17:29,587 In two days, ship are going to come here 376 00:17:29,587 --> 00:17:32,534 with a lot of Portuguese sailors. 377 00:17:32,534 --> 00:17:35,574 And there is rich cloth aboard it, and many precious things. 378 00:17:35,574 --> 00:17:37,750 Oh, I think you understand me. 379 00:17:37,750 --> 00:17:41,500 - [Vasco] We will go ashore tomorrow morning. 380 00:17:50,166 --> 00:17:51,232 - Huh? 381 00:17:51,232 --> 00:17:52,779 Oh. 382 00:17:52,779 --> 00:17:53,675 (grunts) 383 00:17:53,675 --> 00:17:54,574 We're under attack! 384 00:17:54,574 --> 00:17:57,324 Pirates, pirates, hey, everybody! 385 00:18:00,504 --> 00:18:02,133 - Oh. - Ya, yeah. 386 00:18:02,133 --> 00:18:04,383 (grunting) 387 00:18:08,723 --> 00:18:09,790 - Weigh anchor. 388 00:18:09,790 --> 00:18:10,814 - He says a few days ago, 389 00:18:10,814 --> 00:18:12,694 Spaniard show up in Mombasa, 390 00:18:12,694 --> 00:18:14,955 got some bandits to come attack us. 391 00:18:14,955 --> 00:18:15,788 - Scoundrels. 392 00:18:15,788 --> 00:18:18,027 Ask him, what is the nearest seaport to the north? 393 00:18:18,027 --> 00:18:18,880 Ask him. 394 00:18:18,880 --> 00:18:22,713 - Ma-lin-dee-a, 30 leagues. - We'll sail there. 395 00:18:27,200 --> 00:18:29,888 - Look, cannons, the Moores don't have any, but 396 00:18:29,888 --> 00:18:31,289 maybe they're East Indians? 397 00:18:31,289 --> 00:18:33,590 - Yes, could be East Indian Christians. 398 00:18:33,590 --> 00:18:35,254 Make known our presence. 399 00:18:35,254 --> 00:18:36,566 - Fire. 400 00:18:36,566 --> 00:18:37,399 Fire. 401 00:18:38,504 --> 00:18:41,150 - Yes, they are East Indians, our goal can't be far. 402 00:18:41,150 --> 00:18:43,880 Now we need a pilot who knows these waters. 403 00:18:43,880 --> 00:18:46,047 (fanfare) 404 00:18:47,592 --> 00:18:49,856 - Look at that, they sure know how to put on a show. 405 00:18:49,856 --> 00:18:52,206 - Sh, quite, he's surely a king or something. 406 00:18:52,206 --> 00:18:55,206 Go and get Ahmed, he will interpret. 407 00:18:56,672 --> 00:18:58,595 - Ka-deez-mu Taj Mahal . 408 00:18:58,595 --> 00:18:59,918 He welcome you here, 409 00:18:59,918 --> 00:19:01,880 and invites us all to festivities 410 00:19:01,880 --> 00:19:04,782 he's please to be offering in honor of our visit. 411 00:19:04,782 --> 00:19:08,664 - Ask him if he'll give me a pilot to go to India. 412 00:19:08,664 --> 00:19:11,267 (speaks foreign language) 413 00:19:11,267 --> 00:19:14,447 - He hopes you like peanuts and saffron in your curry. 414 00:19:14,447 --> 00:19:16,947 (plays flute) 415 00:19:19,222 --> 00:19:20,055 - Ooh. 416 00:19:21,483 --> 00:19:23,483 (claps) 417 00:19:29,547 --> 00:19:32,491 - Ahmed, well, where is my pilot? 418 00:19:32,491 --> 00:19:34,752 - [Ahmed] When festivities are being over. 419 00:19:34,752 --> 00:19:35,585 - Hm. 420 00:19:38,080 --> 00:19:41,413 But is my pilot here? - He's soon coming. 421 00:19:44,310 --> 00:19:46,643 - [Vasco] Ahmed, hey, Ahmed! 422 00:19:48,320 --> 00:19:51,653 Ooh, we are having enough of this, come. 423 00:19:56,384 --> 00:19:58,217 - Oh, my goodness, oh. 424 00:20:02,827 --> 00:20:04,244 - Oh, ay-yah, oh. 425 00:20:11,926 --> 00:20:13,632 The Sultan is looking for his minister, 426 00:20:13,632 --> 00:20:15,126 the little bearded one, you seen him? 427 00:20:15,126 --> 00:20:17,259 - You go and tell the Sultan that I will trade his minister 428 00:20:17,259 --> 00:20:19,092 for a competent pilot. 429 00:20:28,182 --> 00:20:30,614 - The Sultan sends respects and most experienced pilot 430 00:20:30,614 --> 00:20:31,552 in Indian Ocean. 431 00:20:31,552 --> 00:20:33,987 He knows all currents in the region, sandbars, you know? 432 00:20:33,987 --> 00:20:35,011 His name is I-bu-ma-ti. 433 00:20:35,011 --> 00:20:38,428 - Ah, then he can have his minister back. 434 00:20:41,070 --> 00:20:42,947 You will drop him off and return to the ship. 435 00:20:42,947 --> 00:20:44,340 - But the festivities aren't over. 436 00:20:44,340 --> 00:20:46,446 - They're over, and you had a good time. 437 00:20:46,446 --> 00:20:47,726 We set sail in one hour. 438 00:20:47,726 --> 00:20:52,547 Paulo, take the minister ashore and round up all our men. 439 00:20:52,547 --> 00:20:55,380 (people gabbling) 440 00:20:57,283 --> 00:20:59,886 Now then, we'll see if this pilot is as good as they say. 441 00:20:59,886 --> 00:21:01,208 What's my route to the Indies? 442 00:21:01,208 --> 00:21:02,208 Ask him, hm. 443 00:21:03,768 --> 00:21:06,584 (speaks foreign language) 444 00:21:06,584 --> 00:21:08,080 - I suppose he said steer northeast. 445 00:21:08,080 --> 00:21:09,315 - Go on. 446 00:21:09,315 --> 00:21:10,815 - Steer northeast. 447 00:21:13,547 --> 00:21:15,467 - Um, maybe you forgot something? 448 00:21:15,467 --> 00:21:16,406 - I did forget. 449 00:21:16,406 --> 00:21:19,392 Cast off all moorings and weigh anchor. 450 00:21:19,392 --> 00:21:21,392 - [Vasco] That's better. 451 00:21:26,646 --> 00:21:28,907 - A-tor-u said shor-u lies straight, 452 00:21:28,907 --> 00:21:31,574 you sail around them, due north. 453 00:21:34,524 --> 00:21:36,331 - [Vasco] Now we can see the Pole Star again, 454 00:21:36,331 --> 00:21:40,081 we are moving toward the Northern Hemisphere. 455 00:21:44,054 --> 00:21:45,760 - [Ahmed] Calcutta, we better announce our arrival 456 00:21:45,760 --> 00:21:46,593 to Za-ma-rin. 457 00:21:46,593 --> 00:21:47,595 - Za-ma-rin? 458 00:21:47,595 --> 00:21:48,875 - The ruler here, Captain, 459 00:21:48,875 --> 00:21:50,283 a man fond of celebrations. 460 00:21:50,283 --> 00:21:52,182 - Oh, another one. 461 00:21:52,182 --> 00:21:54,932 (dramatic music) 462 00:22:11,744 --> 00:22:13,579 - Extraordinary scene is flooded with such magnificence, 463 00:22:13,579 --> 00:22:15,883 all these spices, pepper, onion, ginger, saffron, 464 00:22:15,883 --> 00:22:17,547 and all these precious jewel, 465 00:22:17,547 --> 00:22:19,714 diamonds emeralds, rubies. 466 00:22:33,803 --> 00:22:37,303 (speaks foreign language) 467 00:22:40,075 --> 00:22:41,440 - He wants to know what you're doing here. 468 00:22:41,440 --> 00:22:42,936 - I get the picture. 469 00:22:42,936 --> 00:22:45,158 Tell the impotentate that I am sent by King Emmanuel 470 00:22:45,158 --> 00:22:47,120 of Portugal, who sends greetings and wants to establish 471 00:22:47,120 --> 00:22:50,064 friendly relations for future cause of Portugal. 472 00:22:50,064 --> 00:22:52,795 (speaks foreign language. 473 00:22:52,795 --> 00:22:54,758 - He says that you are welcome 474 00:22:54,758 --> 00:22:58,925 and that he will send ambassador, or something like that. 475 00:23:00,774 --> 00:23:01,968 - Calcutta in India, 476 00:23:01,968 --> 00:23:04,104 two centuries early, the Venetian, Marco Polo, 477 00:23:04,104 --> 00:23:07,518 had been here, after crossing the Asia landmass. 478 00:23:07,518 --> 00:23:10,590 A century after him, Shanghai with his great junks 479 00:23:10,590 --> 00:23:11,656 had called here. 480 00:23:11,656 --> 00:23:13,448 And now here is Vasco da Gama, 481 00:23:13,448 --> 00:23:15,155 who sailed around Africa to get here, 482 00:23:15,155 --> 00:23:16,563 opening a sea route to the Indies. 483 00:23:16,563 --> 00:23:19,095 From then on, the treasures of the East flowed to Europe. 484 00:23:19,095 --> 00:23:21,660 New routes for trading and civilization, 485 00:23:21,660 --> 00:23:23,577 they were all open now. 486 00:23:26,419 --> 00:23:28,936 The return trip was to prove very difficult, 487 00:23:28,936 --> 00:23:30,856 and unfortunately, many brave sailors 488 00:23:30,856 --> 00:23:32,819 were to lose their lives. 489 00:23:32,819 --> 00:23:36,019 Yes, it was a triumph, what an accomplishment. 490 00:23:36,019 --> 00:23:38,536 12,000 kilometers, almost 8,000 miles, 491 00:23:38,536 --> 00:23:40,414 three times the distance Columbus traveled, 492 00:23:40,414 --> 00:23:44,894 with high winds and treacherous currents both ways. 493 00:23:44,894 --> 00:23:49,061 - I think you can place a small Portuguese flag on the map. 494 00:23:54,920 --> 00:23:57,182 - I'm certain that we can go from here to there 495 00:23:57,182 --> 00:23:58,590 by sailing westward. 496 00:23:58,590 --> 00:23:59,695 - Then you mean that, 497 00:23:59,695 --> 00:24:01,691 - Yes, it's possible to sail around the world. 498 00:24:01,691 --> 00:24:03,971 - There's an original, I must say, young man. 499 00:24:03,971 --> 00:24:05,080 What is your name? 500 00:24:05,080 --> 00:24:06,446 - Oh, you wouldn't know me, sir, 501 00:24:06,446 --> 00:24:08,195 my name is Magellan, 502 00:24:08,195 --> 00:24:10,112 Ferdinando da Magellan. 503 00:24:16,747 --> 00:24:19,330 (upbeat music)