1
00:00:01,501 --> 00:00:15,715
We go further, so you can.
>> "60 MINUTES" TRAVELED
TO EUROPE, TO FIND OUT HOW
EXTREME WEATHER IS AFFECTING
2
00:00:15,782 --> 00:00:23,123
SOME OF THE MOST FAMOUS WINES
IN THE WORLD.
HOW MANY BOTTLES WERE YOU ABLE
TO PRODUCE?
3
00:00:23,189 --> 00:00:31,431
>> A NORMAL YEAR, I PRODUCE
AROUND 40,000, 50,000 BOTTLES.
>> THIS YEAR?
>> ZERO.
4
00:00:31,498 --> 00:00:39,406
>> CLIMATE CHANGE HAS AFFECTED
MANY OF FRANCE'S VINTAGES
SEVERELY.
ITS ECONOMY, TOO.
5
00:00:39,472 --> 00:00:47,180
BUT IN RAINY OLD ENGLAND, ACROSS
THE CHANNEL, WE FOUND A VERY
DIFFERENT STORY.
DO YOU THINK THAT WINE LOVERS
6
00:00:47,247 --> 00:00:52,886
AROUND THE WORLD ALREADY KNOW
THAT GREAT WINES ARE COMING OUT
OF ENGLAND?
IN OTHER WORDS--
7
00:00:52,952 --> 00:00:56,823
IS IT “OOH, LA LA" NO MORE?
IT'S "JOLLY GOOD"?
( LAUGHTER )
8
00:01:01,494 --> 00:01:05,832
>> IF HE'S NOT PUBLIC ENEMY
NUMBER ONE IN CHINA, HE'S UP
THERE.
TONIGHT, WE'LL INTRODUCE YOU TO
9
00:01:05,899 --> 00:01:14,841
BADIUCAO.
PART GUERILLA ACTIVIST, PART
POLITICAL CARTOONIST, HE LIVES
IN EXILE, TRAVELING THE WORLD
10
00:01:14,908 --> 00:01:23,116
USING PAINT AND WIT-- ONLINE AND
ON WALLS-- TO DRAW TRUTH TO
POWER, INFURIATING THE C.C.P.--
THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY.
11
00:01:23,183 --> 00:01:30,890
>> I AM AN INDIVIDUAL.
I'M NOT CONTROLLED BY ANY
AUTHORITY, CERTAINLY NOT C.C.P.
THAT SCARES THEM.
12
00:01:30,957 --> 00:01:35,862
BECAUSE ALL THEY WANT IS
TOTAL CONTROL.
( TICKING )
>> I'M LESLEY STAHL.
13
00:01:35,929 --> 00:01:40,467
>> I'M BILL WHITAKER.
>> I'M ANDERSON COOPER.
>> I'M SHARYN ALFONSI.
>> I'M JON WERTHEIM.
14
00:01:40,533 --> 00:01:51,811
>> I'M SCOTT PELLEY.
THOSE STORIES AND MORE, TONIGHT,
ON "60 MINUTES."
( TICKING )
15
00:01:53,513 --> 00:01:59,018
>> Stahl: WHAT ARE THE SIGNS OF
GLOBAL WARMING?
GLACIERS ARE MELTING AT AN
INCREASINGLY RAPID PACE.
16
00:01:59,085 --> 00:02:05,358
PERSISTENT DROUGHTS ARE
SPREADING.
WELL, WE HAVE ANOTHER TO
TELL YOU ABOUT--
17
00:02:05,425 --> 00:02:10,797
WINE.
AS IN, WHAT YOU PROBABLY CRACKED
OPEN FOR CHRISTMAS DINNER.
FARMERS WHO GROW THE GRAPES
18
00:02:10,864 --> 00:02:18,538
HAVE SEEN THE EFFECTS OF
CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SOIL,
IN THE ROOTS OF THE VINES, AND
THE YIELDS OF THEIR CROPS.
19
00:02:18,605 --> 00:02:28,915
FRANCE, A MAJOR CENTER OF
WINEMAKING FOR CENTURIES, IS
EXPERIENCING INCREASINGLY HIGHER
TEMPERATURES AND EXTREME WEATHER
20
00:02:28,982 --> 00:02:34,120
CONDITIONS THAT HAVE DAMAGED
VINTAGES AND LIVELIHOODS.
THIS YEAR WAS PARTICULARLY
DRAMATIC.
21
00:02:34,187 --> 00:02:44,964
FRANCE RECORDED ITS SMALLEST
HARVEST SINCE 1957, AND STANDS
TO LOSE MORE THAN $2 BILLION IN
SALES, A HUGE BLOW TO THE
22
00:02:45,031 --> 00:02:53,506
COUNTRY'S SECOND-LARGEST EXPORT
INDUSTRY.
AND IT'S HITTING NEARLY ALL THE
WINE-GROWING REGIONS, WHERE THEY
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00:02:53,573 --> 00:03:04,884
MAKE DRY WHITES, FRUITY REDS,
AND FIZZY CHAMPAGNE.
ALL BUBBLIES ARE CALLED
SPARKLING WINE, BUT CHAMPAGNE IS
24
00:03:04,951 --> 00:03:10,456
MADE HERE AND NOWHERE ELSE--
IN THESE VINEYARDS AND VILLAGES
OF CHAMPAGNE, LOCATED IN
NORTHEASTERN FRANCE.
25
00:03:10,523 --> 00:03:18,665
THERE'S A MYSTIQUE TO CHAMPAGNE,
AN AURA OF ROMANCE.
COCO CHANEL ONCE SAID, “I ONLY
DRINK CHAMPAGNE ON TWO
26
00:03:18,731 --> 00:03:28,775
OCCASIONS-- WHEN I'M IN LOVE,
AND WHEN I'M NOT."
THEY'VE BEEN PRODUCING THIS“
WINE OF KINGS” HERE FOR
27
00:03:28,841 --> 00:03:34,981
CENTURIES.
SO, HOW LONG HAS THIS WINEMAKING
BUSINESS AND THE VINEYARDS BEEN
IN YOUR FAMILY?
28
00:03:35,048 --> 00:03:40,920
>> Christine Sevillano: FROM
1700.
>> Stahl: 1700.
>> Sevillano: YES.
29
00:03:40,987 --> 00:03:47,594
>> Stahl: CHRISTINE SEVILLANO
TOOK OVER THE FAMILY BUSINESS
AND ITS 20 ACRES OF VINES
14 YEARS AGO.
30
00:03:47,660 --> 00:03:53,533
SHE'S THE TENTH GENERATION.
>> Sevillano: THIS IS THE CELLAR
OF MY GRANDFATHER.
>> Stahl: OH.
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00:03:53,600 --> 00:04:02,041
AFTER SURVIVING THE FRENCH
REVOLUTION AND TWO WORLD WARS,
HER FAMILY'S HOUSE OF PIOT-
SEVILLANO FACED ITS WORST YEAR
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00:04:02,108 --> 00:04:06,913
EVER IN 2021.
>> Sevillano: WE LOST 90% OF OUR
HARVEST.
>> Stahl: 90%?
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00:04:06,980 --> 00:04:18,224
>> Sevillano: YES.
>> Stahl: HOW MANY BOTTLES WERE
YOU ABLE TO PRODUCE THIS YEAR,
AS OPPOSED TO A NORMAL YEAR?
34
00:04:18,291 --> 00:04:22,095
>> Sevillano: A NORMAL YEAR,
I PRODUCE AROUND 40,000, 50,000
BOTTLES.
>> Stahl: AND THIS YEAR?
35
00:04:22,161 --> 00:04:30,169
>> Sevillano: ZERO.
IT'S THE FIRST TIME IN THE
HISTORY OF MY WINERY THAT WE
WILL NOT MAKE CHAMPAGNE.
36
00:04:30,236 --> 00:04:37,977
>> Stahl: NOT A SINGLE BOTTLE
FROM THIS WINERY?
>> Sevillano: YES, YES.
>> Stahl: HIGHER TEMPERATURES
37
00:04:38,044 --> 00:04:45,284
AND EXTREME WEATHER EPISODES
DEVASTATED NOT ONLY HER HARVEST,
BUT MUCH OF CHAMPAGNE'S.
>> Sevillano: IT RAINED IN
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00:04:45,351 --> 00:04:52,091
TWO OR THREE DAYS THAT IT
RAINED NORMALLY IN ONE MONTH.
EVEN MY FATHER TOLD ME THAT
IN HIS CAREER HE HAS NEVER SEEN
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00:04:52,158 --> 00:04:58,031
THAT.
>> Stahl: ALMOST FLOOD-LIKE?
>> Sevillano: YES.
>> Stahl: THE WORST OF IT, SHE
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00:04:58,097 --> 00:05:05,238
SAYS, CAME IN JUNE AND JULY,
WHEN THE HEAT AND THE RAINS
RESULTED IN A MORE CRIPPLING
OUTBREAK THAN USUAL OF FUNGUSES,
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00:05:05,304 --> 00:05:15,181
LIKE MILDEW CONTAMINATION.
>> Sevillano: IN FACT, WHEN THE
GRAPES ARE CONTAMINATED, THE--
THE FRUIT IS DRYING.
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00:05:15,248 --> 00:05:19,786
AND AFTER, WE CAN'T USE IT,
BECAUSE THERE IS NO JUICE,
NOTHING.
>> Stahl: AND YOU ATTRIBUTE THIS
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00:05:19,852 --> 00:05:24,490
TO CLIMATE CHANGE?
>> Sevillano: YES.
BECAUSE IT WAS SO EXTREME.
IT'S NOT NORMAL.
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00:05:24,557 --> 00:05:32,965
>> Stahl: THIS YEAR'S EXTREME
WEATHER NOT ONLY BATTERED
CHAMPAGNE AND THE FOUNDATION OF
ITS ECONOMY, BUT NEARLY EVERY
45
00:05:33,032 --> 00:05:40,673
ONE OF THE WINE-PRODUCING
REGIONS IN FRANCE-- BURGUNDY TO
BORDEAUX, WHERE SOME OF THE
HIGHEST QUALITY, BEST-KNOWN
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00:05:40,740 --> 00:05:45,078
AND BEST-TASTING REDS AND WHITES
ARE MADE.
AND THESE ARE WHAT GRAPE?
WHAT, WHAT--
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00:05:45,144 --> 00:05:50,116
>> Jacques Lurton: THIS IS
MERLOT.
>> Stahl: MERLOT!
I LOVE MERLOT.
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00:05:50,183 --> 00:05:57,824
>> Lurton: YEAH, MERLOT MAKES A
BEAUTIFUL, SOFT-ROUNDED WINES.
>> Stahl: JACQUES LURTON, THE
HEAD OF A WINE FAMILY DYNASTY,
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00:05:57,890 --> 00:06:04,630
RUNS THE CHATEAU LA LOUVIERE AND
SEVERAL OTHER WINERIES IN
BORDEAUX.
HE SAYS VINE DISEASE IS GETTING
50
00:06:04,697 --> 00:06:11,838
WORSE ALL OVER FRANCE BECAUSE OF
THE RISING TEMPERATURES.
>> Lurton: WE DON'T HAVE WINTERS
ANYMORE, ALMOST.
51
00:06:11,904 --> 00:06:18,377
IN WINTERTIME, NORMALLY YOU GET
COLDER CONDITIONS.
THESE COOL CONDITIONS TEND TO
KILL THE FUNGUSES OR THE
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00:06:18,444 --> 00:06:27,687
DISEASE.
SO NORMALLY, WINTER CLEANS THE
SITUATION, YOU SEE?
BUT THE MOST IMPORTANT PROBLEM
53
00:06:27,754 --> 00:06:34,460
THAT WE HAVE IS WHAT WE CALL
SPRING FROST.
>> Stahl: SPRING FROST WAS SO
SEVERE IN APRIL THIS YEAR THAT
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00:06:34,527 --> 00:06:42,468
WINEGROWERS WERE ON THEIR KNEES
LIGHTING BALES OF HAY AND
CANDLES BETWEEN THEIR VINES IN A
MOSTLY FUTILE ATTEMPT TO PROTECT
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00:06:42,535 --> 00:06:47,807
THEIR YOUNG BUDS.
>> Lurton: IT IS THE LARGEST
CATASTROPHE WE HAVE EVER
SUFFERED.
56
00:06:47,874 --> 00:06:57,283
BECAUSE, BEFORE, WE HAD SOME
SPRING FROST IN SOME REGIONS,
BUT THIS IS THE FIRST TIME WE
HAVE IT ALL OVER FRANCE.
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00:06:57,350 --> 00:07:05,458
NOW, DUE TO THE FACT THAT WE
DON'T HAVE THESE VERY STRONG
WINTERS, THE BUDS START TO OPEN,
AND THEN EXPOSE THEMSELF TO THIS
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00:07:05,525 --> 00:07:10,263
SERIES OF SPRING FROST THAT WE
HAVE.
>> Stahl: AND THAT IS THE CRUX--
>> Lurton: AND THAT, YOU SEE, IS
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00:07:10,329 --> 00:07:21,240
WHAT AFFECT THE MOST THE
QUANTITY OF THE GRAPES.
>> Stahl: SO, TELL US ABOUT THIS
YEAR, IN TERMS OF THE AMOUNT.
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00:07:21,307 --> 00:07:27,980
>> Lurton: IN AVERAGE, IN FRANCE
THIS YEAR, A LOSS OF 30%.
>> Stahl: 30% OF THE YIELDS.
AND WHAT ABOUT YOU?
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00:07:28,047 --> 00:07:32,685
WHAT'S YOUR PERCENT?
>> Lurton: AND US, WE HAVE BEEN
AFFECTED UP TO 40%.
>> Stahl: SO, YOU'RE ONE OF THE
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00:07:32,752 --> 00:07:38,391
LARGEST WINE PRODUCERS IN
BORDEAUX.
40% LOSS.
I MEAN, THAT'S ENORMOUS.
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00:07:38,457 --> 00:07:46,265
>> Lurton: IT'S HUGE.
IT'S HUGE.
>> Stahl: FOR BORDEAUX, HE
ESTIMATES A LOSS OF ROUGHLY
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00:07:46,332 --> 00:07:52,805
$800 MILLION IN SALES THIS YEAR.
IS THIS SOMETHING THAT'S
HAPPENING ALL OVER EUROPE OR--
OR JUST FRANCE?
65
00:07:52,872 --> 00:07:57,143
>> Greg Jones: NO.
IT'S HAPPENING ALL OVER EUROPE,
DEFINITELY.
>> Stahl: GREG JONES IS A
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00:07:57,210 --> 00:08:05,184
RESEARCH CLIMATOLOGIST WITH
SOUTHERN OREGON UNIVERSITY, WHO
FOR 25 YEARS HAS SPECIALIZED IN
THE STUDY OF HOW CLIMATE
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00:08:05,251 --> 00:08:11,958
INFLUENCES THE GROWING AND
HARVESTING OF WINE GRAPES.
>> Jones: WHAT WE'RE SEEING
TODAY IS, WE'RE SEEING MORE OF
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00:08:12,024 --> 00:08:16,162
THESE EXTREME EVENTS HAPPENING
MORE FREQUENTLY AT GREATER
DEGREES AND CAUSING MORE
PROBLEMS.
69
00:08:16,229 --> 00:08:20,600
>> Stahl: YEAH, WE SEE IT
EVERYWHERE.
IT'S NOT JUST IN FARM REGIONS.
I MEAN, EVERY PART OF OUR
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00:08:20,666 --> 00:08:29,976
COUNTRY IS EXPERIENCING SOME
EXTREME WEATHER CONDITION.
SO, HOW DO YOU KNOW IT ISN'T
THAT "NORMAL" EXTREME WEATHER,
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00:08:30,042 --> 00:08:35,615
AS OPPOSED TO A GENERAL CLIMATE
CHANGE?
>> Jones: THERE'S AN AREA IN
CLIMATE SCIENCE CALLED
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00:08:35,681 --> 00:08:42,588
ATTRIBUTION SCIENCE.
AND ATTRIBUTION SCIENCE IS ALL
ABOUT TRYING TO KIND OF
UNDERSTAND HOW MUCH ROLE HUMANS
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00:08:42,655 --> 00:08:46,325
HAVE IN THE GAME OF CLIMATE.
SO, THE IDEA--
>> Stahl: OR WHO TO ATTRIBUTE T
TO, OKAY.
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00:08:46,392 --> 00:08:53,966
>> Jones: YEAH, YEAH.
SO, WHAT CLIMATOLOGISTS DO IS,
WE DEVELOP MODELS THAT LOOK AT
ASPECTS OF CLIMATE.
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00:08:54,033 --> 00:09:00,006
AND THOSE MODELS THAT ARE COMING
OUT ARE REALLY TELLING US MORE
AND MORE THAT, IN THE ABSENCE OF
HUMANS, MOST OF THESE THINGS
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00:09:00,072 --> 00:09:05,478
WOULD NOT OCCUR TO THE SAME
DEGREE THEY'RE OCCURRING TODAY.
>> Stahl: TIE WHAT YOU'RE SAYING
ABOUT CLIMATE TO WHAT'S GOING ON
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00:09:05,544 --> 00:09:10,383
IN FRANCE NOW.
>> Jones: SURE.
IN-- IN-- IN FRANCE, JUST LIKE
MOST OF EUROPE, TEMPERATURES
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00:09:10,449 --> 00:09:14,954
HAVE GONE UP.
SUMMERS HAVE GOTTEN DRYER.
AND WINE GRAPES ARE JUST
SENSITIVE.
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00:09:15,021 --> 00:09:22,295
THEY'RE SENSITIVE TO THOSE KIND
OF CHANGES, AND-- AND WE'VE BEEN
SEEING IT WORLDWIDE.
AND EUROPE HAS BEEN AT THE
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00:09:22,361 --> 00:09:30,036
EPICENTER OF IT.
>> Stahl: THIS WEATHER MAP OF
EUROPE FOR JUNE 2021, THE
SECOND-WARMEST JUNE IN EUROPE ON
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00:09:30,102 --> 00:09:38,377
RECORD, SHOWS A RED BAND
DEPICTING HIGH SURFACE AIR
TEMPERATURES STRETCHING ACROSS
MUCH OF THE CONTINENT.
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00:09:38,444 --> 00:09:46,452
HEAT WAVES WERE ALSO RECORDED
OVER WESTERN NORTH AMERICA IN
JUNE 2021.
SCORCHING TEMPERATURES AND
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00:09:46,519 --> 00:09:58,397
DROUGHT CONDITIONS CONTRIBUTED
TO WILDFIRES IN 2020 AROUND NAPA
AND SONOMA, THE CENTER OF
AMERICA'S WINE INDUSTRY, WHERE
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00:09:58,464 --> 00:10:05,771
FIELDS WERE LEFT BLACKENED.
IN AUSTRALIA, THE BUSH FIRES OF
2019 AND '20 BURNT SOME
VINEYARDS TO THE GROUND, WHILE
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00:10:05,838 --> 00:10:16,015
SMOKE RUINED THE QUALITY OF THE
GRAPES.
IN 2017, IN ITALY, SPRING FROST,
COMBINED WITH HAILSTORMS AND A
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00:10:16,082 --> 00:10:20,953
HEAT WAVE KNOWN AS “LUCIFER,”
LED TO THE LOWEST HARVEST IN
DECADES.
PARTICULARLY HARD HIT WAS
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00:10:21,020 --> 00:10:29,829
NORTHERN AND CENTRAL ITALY,
WHERE PROSECCO, BAROLO AND
CHIANTI ARE MADE.
AND IN PARTS OF CHILE AND
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00:10:29,895 --> 00:10:35,067
ARGENTINA, HIGHER TEMPERATURES
ARE PUSHING WINE-GROWERS TO
PLANT THEIR VINEYARDS AT
HIGHER ALTITUDES, WHERE
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00:10:35,134 --> 00:10:42,742
TEMPERATURES ARE COOLER.
GREG JONES SAYS THE WARMING
ATMOSPHERE IS ALSO CHANGING THE
GRAPES' GROWTH CYCLE.
90
00:10:42,808 --> 00:10:49,181
>> Jones: IT ACCELERATES THAT
RIPENING TO THE POINT THAT WE'RE
PICKING EARLIER.
FOR EXAMPLE, 2020, IN BURGUNDY,
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00:10:49,248 --> 00:10:58,024
THE PICKING DATE WAS AUGUST 20.
AND PRIOR TO THAT, WE'VE BEEN
AVERAGING FOR THE LAST 30 YEARS,
ABOUT SEPTEMBER 15.
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00:10:58,090 --> 00:11:03,396
AND THEN, FOR 600 YEARS BEFORE
THAT, WE WERE AVERAGING THE END
OF SEPTEMBER, FIRST OF OCTOBER.
SO, YOU CAN--
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00:11:03,462 --> 00:11:10,436
>> Stahl: OH, SO IT'S DRAMATIC.
>> Jones: SO IT'S PRETTY
DRAMATIC.
>> Stahl: THESE PAGES OF
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00:11:10,503 --> 00:11:14,774
PARCHMENT, DOCUMENTING HARVEST
DATES GOING BACK AS FAR AS 1354,
WERE FOUND IN THE CHURCH OF
NOTRE DAME IN BURGUNDY.
95
00:11:14,840 --> 00:11:22,381
1354.
>> Jones: IT'S A WONDERFUL DATA
RECORD THAT WE'VE BEEN ABLE TO
LOOK AT TO BETTER UNDERSTAND
96
00:11:22,448 --> 00:11:27,686
WHAT CLIMATES WERE LIKE BACK
THEN, HOW IT AFFECTED HARVESTS,
AND WHAT THAT LOOKS LIKE TODAY.
>> Stahl: I'M SMILING BECAUSE
97
00:11:27,753 --> 00:11:34,460
I'M THINKING, 1300s.
I'M THINKING, THE MONKS WERE
MAKING WINE.
>> Jones: WELL, EXACTLY.
98
00:11:34,527 --> 00:11:40,499
>> Stahl: THE WINE INDUSTRY IN
FRANCE IS SO VITAL TO THE
ECONOMY THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS
SCIENTISTS STUDYING WAYS TO
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00:11:40,566 --> 00:11:50,443
ADAPT AND MITIGATE THE CHANGING
ENVIRONMENT.
ONE ROUTE TO ADAPTATION IS TO
INTRODUCE NEW GRAPE VARIETIES.
100
00:11:50,509 --> 00:11:58,451
EXPERIMENTAL VINEYARDS HAVE BEEN
PLANTED WITH VINES FROM WARMER-
CLIMATE COUNTRIES TO SEE IF THEY
CAN GROW HERE, SO THE GRAPES CAN
101
00:11:58,517 --> 00:12:05,825
BE BLENDED IN WITH THE MERLOTS,
CABERNETS AND OTHER FRENCH
WINES.
NATHALIE OLLAT IS THE DIRECTOR
102
00:12:05,891 --> 00:12:12,164
OF THE PROJECT AT THE BORDEAUX
SCIENCE INSTITUTE OF VINE AND
WINE.
SO, YOU'RE LOOKING AT GRAPES
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00:12:12,231 --> 00:12:16,936
THAT COME FROM SOUTHERN REGIONS
THAT MAYBE GROW BETTER IN WARMER
CLIMATES?
>> Nathalie Ollat: YES.
104
00:12:17,002 --> 00:12:22,508
>> Stahl: LIKE FROM WHERE?
>> Ollat: FROM SPAIN, FROM
PORTUGAL, FROM GREECE.
>> Stahl: HOW MANY ARE YOU
105
00:12:22,575 --> 00:12:29,381
ACTUALLY LOOKING AT?
>> Ollat: SO, IN THIS
EXPERIMENTAL VINEYARD, WE ARE
STUDYING 52 DIFFERENT VARIETIES.
106
00:12:29,448 --> 00:12:36,055
>> Stahl: THEY'VE CHOSEN SIX OF
THOSE VARIETIES THUS FAR TO BE
PLANTED IN BORDEAUX.
SO, THIS IS YOUR GREENHOUSE?
107
00:12:36,122 --> 00:12:41,961
>> Ollat: YES.
THIS-- IT IS.
>> Stahl: A SECOND ROUTE OF
ADAPTATION IS GENETIC BREEDING.
108
00:12:42,027 --> 00:12:48,167
ARE YOU ACTUALLY CREATING NEW
GRAPES; NEW, DIFFERENT KINDS OF
GRAPES?
>> Ollat: YES.
109
00:12:48,234 --> 00:12:58,711
THE IDEA IS TO HAVE GRAPES, NEW
VARIETIES WHICH CAN BE RESISTANT
TO DISEASE AND ALSO MORE ADAPTED
TO CLIMATE CHANGE CONDITION.
110
00:12:58,777 --> 00:13:06,819
>> Stahl: AND DO NOT COMPROMISE
THE DISTINCTIVE QUALITIES OF THE
FRENCH WINES.
AT THE INSTITUTE'S LABORATORY,
111
00:13:06,886 --> 00:13:12,858
SCIENTISTS ARE STUDYING THE
GENETICS OF WINE'S COLOR, AROMA
AND TASTE.
AND THAT'S WHAT YOU'RE TRYING TO
112
00:13:12,925 --> 00:13:18,531
PRESERVE EVEN AS YOU INTRODUCE
NEW GRAPES?
>> Ollat: YES.
I THINK WE-- WE WANT TO CHANGE
113
00:13:18,597 --> 00:13:24,770
WITHOUT CHANGING, I WOULD SAY.
>> Stahl: YES!
HOW CONFIDENT ARE YOU THAT
YOU'RE GOING TO CRACK THE
114
00:13:24,837 --> 00:13:34,113
PUZZLE; YOU'RE GOING TO
FIGURE OUT HOW TO STAY AHEAD OF
CLIMATE CHANGE?
>> Ollat: ALL TOGETHER, WITH
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00:13:34,180 --> 00:13:42,855
NEW VARIETIES, NEW GROWING
PRACTICE, I THINK WE CAN-- WE
CAN COPE WITH CLIMATE CHANGE, AT
LEAST UNTIL THE-- THE MIDDLE OF
116
00:13:42,922 --> 00:13:48,227
THE 21st CENTURY.
>> Stahl: THE MIDDLE OF THE
CENTURY IS ONLY 30 YEARS FROM
NOW.
117
00:13:48,294 --> 00:13:54,433
>> Ollat: YEAH, YEAH.
>> Stahl: SO, YOU'RE LOOKING AT
HOW FAST TEMPERATURES ARE
RISING, AND YOU'RE SAYING IT'S
118
00:13:54,500 --> 00:14:03,676
POSSIBLE THAT THEY WILL RISE
ABOVE A POINT WHERE YOU CAN'T...
>> Ollat: THAT IT-- IT-- IT WILL
BE MUCH MORE COMPLICATED TO KEEP
119
00:14:03,742 --> 00:14:10,649
WHAT WE CALL BORDEAUX STYLE AND
BORDEAUX TASTE.
>> Stahl: WITH ALL THE GLOOM AND
DOOM ABOUT WARMING TEMPERATURES
120
00:14:10,716 --> 00:14:18,524
IN WINE COUNTRY, THERE'S
ACTUALLY A SURPRISING UPSIDE.
WHAT ABOUT QUALITY?
WHAT ABOUT THE TASTE?
121
00:14:18,591 --> 00:14:26,665
WHAT'S IMPORTANT ABOUT WINE?
HOW IS CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTING
THAT?
>> Lurton: ALORS, THE CLIMATE
122
00:14:26,732 --> 00:14:33,172
CHANGE IS AFFECTING THE QUALITY
VERY POSITIVELY.
>> Stahl: POSITIVELY?
>> Lurton: YES, EX-- EXACTLY.
123
00:14:33,239 --> 00:14:38,644
WE HAVE NEVER SEEN SUCH A LARGE
QUANTITY OF GOOD VINTAGES OF
BORDEAUX WINES.
>> Stahl: WELL, EXPLAIN THAT.
124
00:14:38,711 --> 00:14:47,453
THAT'S COUNTERINTUITIVE.
>> Lurton: THANKS TO THE GLOBAL
WARMING AND THE CLIMATE CHANGE,
NOW WE HAVE WARMER SUMMERS AND
125
00:14:47,519 --> 00:14:54,860
WHICH MEANS THAT OUR GRAPES ARE
RIPENING BETTER.
IF WE GET GOOD, WARM CONDITIONS,
WE HAVE GOOD COLOR QUANTITY IN
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THE-- IN THE SKIN.
BUT, AS WELL, WE HAVE THE RIGHT
AMOUNT OF SUGAR.
>> Stahl: WHAT A PAINFUL IRONY--
127
00:15:04,803 --> 00:15:09,375
THE TASTE IMPROVES JUST AS THE
YIELDS ARE SHRINKING FOR
WINEMAKERS LIKE CHRISTINE
SEVILLANO.
128
00:15:09,441 --> 00:15:14,713
SO, MORE QUALITY, BUT FEWER
GRAPES.
DRAMATICALLY FEWER GRAPES.
>> Sevillano: YES.
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00:15:14,780 --> 00:15:22,421
IT'S CRAZY.
>> Stahl: IF YOU HAVE ANOTHER
YEAR LIKE THIS ONE, FINANCIALLY,
CAN YOU SURVIVE?
130
00:15:22,488 --> 00:15:29,595
>> Sevillano: IT WILL BE
DIFFICULT.
REALLY, REALLY DIFFICULT.
BUT AT THE SAME TIME, I'M
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00:15:29,662 --> 00:15:37,002
TRUSTFUL FOR NEXT YEAR.
I MEAN, I'M TRUSTFUL.
I HAVE TO.
>> Stahl: IMPROVED TASTE IS NOT
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00:15:37,069 --> 00:15:45,577
THE ONLY UNFORESEEN BENEFIT OF
CLIMATE CHANGE FOR SOME
WINEMAKERS.
HOW IT'S AFFECTING THE BUBBLY
133
00:15:45,644 --> 00:15:54,820
YOU ARE LIKELY TO ENJOY ON NEW
YEAR'S EVE, WHEN WE RETURN.
( TICKING )
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00:15:56,221 --> 00:16:03,095
>> Stahl: FOR SOME WINEGROWERS,
CLIMATE CHANGE HAS BEEN A
DISASTER, AS WE'VE SEEN.
BUT, AS IT TURNS OUT,
135
00:16:03,162 --> 00:16:09,435
CLIMATE CHANGE HAS BEEN A BOON
FOR OTHERS.
WHILE HIGHER TEMPERATURES HAVE
HURT GROWERS IN FRANCE AND
136
00:16:09,501 --> 00:16:16,575
ITALY, FOR INSTANCE, PLACES THAT
HISTORICALLY HAVE BEEN TOO COLD
TO PRODUCE QUALITY WINES ARE
NOW TURNING OUT CONSISTENTLY
137
00:16:16,642 --> 00:16:25,351
GOOD ONES.
PLACES LIKE ENGLAND.
THE NOTION THAT IN ENGLAND THE
ONLY BEVERAGE IS LUKEWARM ALE AT
138
00:16:25,417 --> 00:16:34,593
THE PUB IS WOEFULLY OUTDATED.
TODAY, A NEW INDUSTRY HAS TAKEN
ROOT.
HEALTHY VINEYARDS IN ENGLAND ARE
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00:16:34,660 --> 00:16:41,133
PRODUCING SOME OF THE WORLD'S
BEST WINES.
THIS SPRAWLING VINEYARD WITH
ACRES AND ACRES OF WINE GRAPES
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00:16:41,200 --> 00:16:50,843
READY FOR HARVEST IS LOCATED IN
KENT, 40 MILES OUTSIDE OF
LONDON.
IT DIDN'T EXIST 15 YEARS AGO,
141
00:16:50,909 --> 00:16:56,949
BUT GREAT BRITAIN'S WINE-
PRODUCING FORTUNES HAVE BEEN
HEATING UP, ALONG WITH THE
PLANET.
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00:16:57,015 --> 00:17:02,988
SO, HOW HAS CLIMATE CHANGE
AFFECTED THE GRAPES, THE WINE,
IN THIS REGION?
>> Stephen Skelton: WELL, IT'S
143
00:17:03,055 --> 00:17:08,994
COMPLETELY REVOLUTIONIZED IT.
>> Stahl: STEPHEN SKELTON, A
MEMBER OF THE HIGHLY-RESPECTED
INSTITUTE OF MASTERS OF WINE, IS
144
00:17:09,061 --> 00:17:16,602
A VITICULTURIST, AN EXPERT IN
THE SCIENCE, PRODUCTION, AND
BUSINESS OF WINE GRAPES.
I NEVER HEARD OF REALLY GOOD
145
00:17:16,668 --> 00:17:20,339
ENGLISH WINE, I HAVE TO BE
HONEST WITH YOU.
>> Skelton: NO, IT WAS-- IT WAS
VERY, VERY RARE, UNTIL WE
146
00:17:20,406 --> 00:17:25,444
REALIZED THAT YOU COULD GROW
THESE CLASSIC FRENCH CHAMPAGNE
VARIETIES IN-- IN OUR CLIMATE.
>> Stahl: THIS IS WHAT THEY GROW
147
00:17:25,511 --> 00:17:33,018
IN CHAMPAGNE?
>> Skelton: YEAH.
AND THEY NOW GROW VERY, VERY
SUCCESSFULLY HERE IN THE U.K.
148
00:17:33,085 --> 00:17:40,492
>> Stahl: WHAT USED TO BE A
MINUTE COTTAGE INDUSTRY RUN BY
RETIREES AND GENTLEMAN FARMERS
IS TODAY ONE OF THE FASTEST
149
00:17:40,559 --> 00:17:44,363
WINE-GROWING REGIONS IN THE
WORLD.
THIS IS QUITE AN OPERATION GOING
ON.
150
00:17:44,430 --> 00:17:52,704
>> Skelton: OH, IT'S BIG.
IT'S A BIG WINERY.
>> Stahl: IN 2018, THE VINTAGE
IN ENGLAND WAS SO BOUNTIFUL THAT
151
00:17:52,771 --> 00:17:59,044
SOME VINEYARDS HAD TO SCRAMBLE
TO BUY VATS AND TANKS TO HOLD IT
ALL.
OTHERS SIMPLY THREW GRAPES AWAY.
152
00:17:59,111 --> 00:18:05,484
BY THE END OF THE DECADE,
WINEMAKERS HERE WILL PRODUCE AN
ESTIMATED 20 MILLION BOTTLES A
YEAR.
153
00:18:05,551 --> 00:18:11,323
>> Skelton: THE FOUNDATION OF
TODAY'S INDUSTRY IS THE FACT
THAT WE CAN GROW THESE
VARIETIES, WHICH WE COULDN'T
154
00:18:11,390 --> 00:18:15,761
GROW EARLIER.
>> Stahl: SO, WHY COULDN'T YOU
DO IT BEFORE?
>> Skelton: BECAUSE THE-- THE
155
00:18:15,828 --> 00:18:19,064
CLIMATE WAS TOO COLD.
>> Stahl: YOU JUST HAD TO GET
THE TEMPERATURE UP AND--
>> Skelton: YEAH.
156
00:18:19,131 --> 00:18:24,036
>> Stahl: SO, DOES GLOBAL
WARMING MEAN THAT ENGLAND NOW
HAS MORE DAYS FOR THE GRAPES TO
RIPEN?
157
00:18:24,102 --> 00:18:30,209
IS THAT--
>> Skelton: YEAH, BECAUSE WE
HAVE MORE DAYS OVER 85, 86
DEGREES FAHRENHEIT.
158
00:18:30,275 --> 00:18:37,716
WE ARE-- WE ARE IN THE U.K. NOW.
WE'RE NOW WHERE CHAMPAGNE WAS
30 OR 40 YEARS AGO.
THE CLIMATE HAS SHIFTED IN 30 OR
159
00:18:37,783 --> 00:18:45,557
40 YEARS UPWARDS; NORTH.
NORTHWARDS.
>> Stahl: SO, THE CLIMATE, RIGHT
NOW, WHERE YOU AND I ARE SITTING
160
00:18:45,624 --> 00:18:49,394
IN ENGLAND, IS THE SAME AS THE
CLIMATE WAS 40 YEARS AGO IN
FRANCE.
>> Skelton: IN CHAMPAGNE.
161
00:18:49,461 --> 00:18:53,365
>> Stahl: IN CHAMPAGNE, FRANCE.
>> Skelton: IN CHAMPAGNE.
YEAH.
>> Stahl: HE TRACES THE BIRTH OF
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00:18:53,432 --> 00:19:01,139
THE INDUSTRY HERE TO 1988.
>> Skelton: THEN THERE CAME
TWO AMERICANS, THE MOSSES--
STUART AND SANDY MOSS.
163
00:19:01,206 --> 00:19:06,411
THEY BOUGHT AN ESTATE CALLED
NYETIMBER, WHICH IS VERY
WELL-KNOWN TODAY, AND THEY
WERE THE FIRST PEOPLE TO PLANT A
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00:19:06,478 --> 00:19:10,048
BIG, COMMERCIAL VINEYARD.
>> Stahl: WHAT DID YOU THINK?
>> Skelton: I THOUGHT THEY WERE
BONKERS.
165
00:19:10,115 --> 00:19:14,119
I HAVE TO SAY.
>> Stahl: OKAY.
>> Skelton: YEAH, I THOUGHT THEY
WERE NUTS.
166
00:19:14,186 --> 00:19:20,492
I HEARD THEY WERE RICH AMERICANS
FROM UP IN THE HILLS.
AND HE HAD A FORTUNE FROM,
APPARENTLY, DENTAL.
167
00:19:20,559 --> 00:19:26,665
THE DENTAL BUSINESS.
AND I THOUGHT THEY WERE MAD.
THEIR FIRST WINE TOOK-- TOOK A
LONG WHILE TO MATURE.
168
00:19:26,732 --> 00:19:30,235
IT WAS FOUR YEARS IN THE MAKING
BEFORE IT WAS TASTED.
AND THEN IT WON THIS MAJOR
PRIZE.
169
00:19:30,302 --> 00:19:35,240
>> Stahl: RIGHT AWAY?
FOUR YEARS.
>> Skelton: YEAH, YEAH.
AND THE NEXT YEAR, THE
170
00:19:35,307 --> 00:19:43,649
SECOND YEAR, THEY WON AN EVEN
BIGGER PRIZE.
>> Stahl: ARE YOU THINKING THAT
IN A COUPLE OF YEARS, THE
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00:19:43,715 --> 00:19:47,753
ENGLISH SPARKLING WINE WILL BE
ACTUALLY BETTER THAN WHAT
THEY'RE GROWING IN CHAMPAGNE?
>> Skelton: THEY PRODUCE 300
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00:19:47,819 --> 00:19:52,491
MILLION BOTTLES A YEAR.
THE BEST IS STILL VERY, VERY
GOOD.
THE BEST IS SUPERB.
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00:19:52,558 --> 00:19:58,797
BUT YOU COULD LINE UP THE BEST
TEN ENGLISH SPARKLING WINES
AGAINST THE BEST TEN CHAMPAGNES
IN THE SAME SORT OF PRIZE
174
00:19:58,864 --> 00:20:05,470
CATEGORY; I CAN GUARANTEE YOU
THE ENGLISH WINES WOULD BE--
WOULD BE IN THE TOP HALF.
>> Stahl: TO PROVE HIS POINT,
175
00:20:05,537 --> 00:20:10,809
HE GAVE US A TASTE, OPENING A
TEN-YEAR-OLD BOTTLE.
>> Skelton: WE'RE GOING TO OPEN
IT... PROFESSIONALLY.
176
00:20:10,876 --> 00:20:16,815
>> Stahl: OH, NO POP!
>> Skelton: NO POP.
>> Stahl: LOOK AT THAT!
THE LONGER SPARKLING WINE AGES,
177
00:20:16,882 --> 00:20:23,121
HE SAYS, THE BETTER.
AND WHAT YOU LOOK FOR IS THE
SPRITZ OF FIZZ ON THE PALETTE.
>> Skelton: YOU SEE, YOU'VE GOT
178
00:20:23,188 --> 00:20:26,758
THE BUBBLES COMING FROM THERE.
>> Stahl: AND THAT'S A GOOD
THING.
>> Skelton: YEAH.
179
00:20:26,825 --> 00:20:31,263
YOU SEE, THEY'RE NICE AND SMALL.
AND THEN, YOU NOSE IT.
YOU GET A NICE, YEASTY
CHARACTER.
180
00:20:31,330 --> 00:20:39,838
BAKING BREAD--
BRIOCHE, AS WE CALL IT.
AND THAT'S A GORGEOUS, GORGEOUS
BOTTLE OF WINE.
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00:20:39,905 --> 00:20:45,510
>> Stahl: WINSTON CHURCHILL ONCE
SAID, “I COULD NOT LIVE WITHOUT
CHAMPAGNE.
IN VICTORY, I DESERVE IT;
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00:20:45,577 --> 00:20:55,754
IN DEFEAT, I NEED IT!"
WELL, NOTHING WOULD HAVE PLEASED
HIM MORE THAN TO HEAR THAT
BECAUSE ENGLISH BUBBLY IS NOW SO
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00:20:55,821 --> 00:21:03,362
GOOD, THE HOUSE OF TAITTINGER--
ONE OF THE MOST PRESTIGIOUS OF
FRENCH CHAMPAGNE MAKERS-- IS IN
ENGLAND!
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00:21:03,428 --> 00:21:09,201
IT'S NOW GROWING 120 ACRES OF
GRAPES AND IS MAKING SPARKLING
WINE NEAR CANTERBURY, IN
WHAT'S KNOWN AS “THE GARDEN OF
185
00:21:09,267 --> 00:21:16,875
ENGLAND.”
PATRICK McGRATH, WHO REPRESENTS
TAITTINGER IN GREAT BRITAIN,
PERSUADED THE COMPANY TO INVEST
186
00:21:16,942 --> 00:21:22,214
HERE IN 2015.
HAVE YOU BROUGHT THE GRAPES FROM
FRANCE?
>> Patrick McGrath: YEAH.
187
00:21:22,280 --> 00:21:31,456
THE-- THE VINES WERE IMPORTED
FROM FRANCE AS-- AS TINY, LITTLE
VINES, AND THE FIRST CROP WE HAD
FROM THEM WAS IN 2020.
188
00:21:31,523 --> 00:21:40,532
AND THEN, THAT WINE WILL BE
RELEASED AT THE END OF 2024.
>> Stahl: YOU KNOW, IN-- IN
FRANCE, PART OF THE PROBLEM IS
189
00:21:40,599 --> 00:21:46,738
NOT JUST WARMING; IT'S EXTREME
WEATHER CONDITIONS.
YOU KNOW, TOO MUCH FLOODING, TOO
MUCH FROST, TOO HOT.
190
00:21:46,805 --> 00:21:52,878
WON'T ENGLAND ALSO HAVE EXTREME
SITUATIONS LIKE THAT?
>> McGrath: NOT AT THE MOMENT.
WE'RE FORTUNATE, YOU KNOW.
191
00:21:52,944 --> 00:22:00,052
ENGLAND IS COMING ONTO THE RADAR
AS BEING AN AREA THAT IS
WARMING, BUT IS STILL MODERATE
IN TERMS OF HEAT, COMPARED TO
192
00:22:00,118 --> 00:22:08,827
SOUTH AND CENTRAL EUROPE, WHERE
IT'S BECOMING VERY, VERY HOT.
>> Stahl: DO YOU THINK THAT WINE
LOVERS AROUND THE WORLD ALREADY
193
00:22:08,894 --> 00:22:15,734
KNOW THAT GREAT WINES ARE COMING
OUT OF ENGLAND?
IN OTHER WORDS--
IS IT "OOH, LA LA" NO MORE?
194
00:22:15,801 --> 00:22:22,841
IT'S "JOLLY GOOD"?
>> McGrath: I THINK-- I THINK
IN-- WE'RE STILL AT THE, SORT
OF-- IN THE STARTING BLOCK.
195
00:22:22,908 --> 00:22:29,448
BUT, CERTAINLY, YES.
OVER THE LAST TEN YEARS THE--
FROM A SMALL BASE, THE SALES OF
ENGLISH HAVE BEEN GROWING
196
00:22:29,514 --> 00:22:40,659
SUBSTANTIALLY.
>> Stahl: TAITTINGER'S AIM IS TO
PRODUCE 300,000 BOTTLES A YEAR
BY 2025.
197
00:22:40,726 --> 00:22:46,598
OVERALL, THE ENGLISH WINE
INDUSTRY HAD $220 MILLION IN
SALES LAST YEAR.
THE IDEA OF FIRST-RATE ENGLISH
198
00:22:46,665 --> 00:22:57,342
WINE WOULD HAVE BEEN LAUGHED AT
20 YEARS AGO, BUT A SIMILAR
MIGRATION HAS HAPPENED ON THE
WEST COAST OF THE UNITED STATES,
199
00:22:57,409 --> 00:23:08,286
WHEE EXCELLENT AND INCREASINGLY
POPULAR PINOT AND CHARDONNAY
GRAPES ARE NOW FOUND 560 MILES
NORTH OF NAPA, IN
200
00:23:08,353 --> 00:23:13,358
WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREGON.
>> Greg Jones: IN THE 1950s AND
'60s, THERE WERE REALLY ALMOST
NO GRAPES GROWN IN OREGON.
201
00:23:13,425 --> 00:23:17,496
AND THAT WAS BECAUSE THE
CLIMATES WERE TOO COLD.
AND SO, IF YOU FAST FORWARD TO
WHERE WE ARE TODAY, WE'RE JUST
202
00:23:17,562 --> 00:23:25,036
IN A DIFFERENT WORLD.
>> Stahl: GREG JONES, A WINE
CLIMATOLOGIST AT SOUTHERN
OREGON UNIVERSITY, SAYS GRAPES
203
00:23:25,103 --> 00:23:32,577
ARE NOW GROWING IN EVEN MORE
UNEXPECTED PLACES.
>> Jones: WE HAVE WINERIES TODAY
IN NORWAY, IN QUEBEC, IN-- IN
204
00:23:32,644 --> 00:23:37,349
BRITISH COLUMBIA, IN TASMANIA,
IN-- IN THE SOUTH ISLANDS OF--
OF CHILE.
>> Stahl: TASMANIAN WINE.
205
00:23:37,415 --> 00:23:41,720
>> Jones: YEAH, TASMANIA'S
REALLY BEEN BURGEONING AS REALLY
A GREAT WINE-PRODUCING REGION IN
AUSTRALIA.
206
00:23:41,787 --> 00:23:47,993
>> Stahl: OH, WELL, THAT'S
INTERESTING.
TASMANIA IS SOUTH OF AUSTRALIA.
>> Jones: SURE.
207
00:23:48,059 --> 00:23:52,831
>> Stahl: SO, AS WINEMAKING GOES
NORTH IN THE NORTHERN
HEMISPHERE, ARE YOU SAYING IT'S
GOING SOUTH...
208
00:23:52,898 --> 00:23:55,200
>> Jones: SOUTH.
YES, YEAH.
>> Stahl: ...IN THE SOUTHERN
HEMISPHERE?
209
00:23:55,267 --> 00:24:04,242
>> Jones: YEAH.
IT'S GOING FURTHER POLEWARD IN
BOTH HEMISPHERES.
IN PARTS OF SOUTHERN ARGENTINA
210
00:24:04,309 --> 00:24:09,414
AND CHILE, AND-- AND PARTS OF--
MANY PARTS OF NORTHERN EUROPE
HAVE STARTED GROWING GRAPES.
>> Stahl: IN REAL TIME.
211
00:24:09,481 --> 00:24:16,254
>> Jones: IN REAL TIME.
>> Stahl: SO, IF YOU REALLY WANT
A VERY VIVID "NOW" EXAMPLE OF
WHAT'S HAPPENING DUE TO CLIMATE
212
00:24:16,321 --> 00:24:22,060
CHANGE, GO LOOK AT WINE.
>> Jones: YEAH, YOU CAN.
PEOPLE ARE EXPERIMENTING AT-- AT
NORTHERLY LATITUDES, THAT--
213
00:24:22,127 --> 00:24:31,336
I'M AMAZED THAT IN MY CAREER I
DIDN'T THINK I WOULD SEE IT.
>> Stahl: IN THE UNITED KINGDOM,
AS A MEASURE OF ITS ACCEPTANCE,
214
00:24:31,403 --> 00:24:37,843
ENGLISH SPARKLING WINE HAS HAD
THE ROYAL IMPRIMATUR, THE QUEEN
SERVING IT AT BUCKINGHAM PALACE.
AND IT WAS POURED AT THE RECENT
215
00:24:37,909 --> 00:24:47,085
CLIMATE CHANGE SUMMIT IN
SCOTLAND.
MASTER OF WINE STEPHEN SKELTON
IS BULLISH ON THE FUTURE.
216
00:24:47,152 --> 00:24:55,227
IF GLOBAL WARMING IS
INTENSIFYING, HOW WORRIED ARE
YOU AND THE OTHER ENGLISH
VINTNERS THAT IT'S GOING TO MOVE
217
00:24:55,293 --> 00:24:58,864
NORTH BEYOND YOUR ABILITY TO
GROW GOOD GRAPES?
>> Stephen Skelton: NO, I'M NOT
WORRIED AT ALL.
218
00:24:58,930 --> 00:25:02,534
I MEAN, THE NEXT 40 YEARS IS
GOING TO BE FASCINATING, I
THINK.
BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, WE'RE JUST ON
219
00:25:02,601 --> 00:25:06,805
THE CUSP OF IT BEING REALLY
COMMERCIAL.
OUR YIELD LEVELS ARE NOT QUITE
WHERE WE WANT THEM YET.
220
00:25:06,872 --> 00:25:13,478
YOU KNOW, WE WOULD LIKE A LITTLE
BIT MORE HEAT.
>> Stahl: YOU MIGHT GET IT.
>> Skelton: YEAH.
221
00:25:13,545 --> 00:25:18,783
>> Stahl: BUT EVENTUALLY...
>> Skelton: WHO KNOWS?
WE'LL HAVE TO START GROWING
ORANGES AND BANANAS.
222
00:25:18,850 --> 00:25:22,621
>> Stahl: I MEAN, IT'S A SERIOUS
QUESTION.
>> Skelton: YEAH.
PERSONALLY, I THINK WE WILL
223
00:25:22,687 --> 00:25:29,127
COPE WITH-- WITH WHAT'S BEING
THROWN AT US.
>> Stahl: SOME OF THE WINEMAKERS
WE MET ARE BENEFITING, SOME ARE
224
00:25:29,194 --> 00:25:35,767
SUFFERING, BUT ALL ARE SEEING
FIRST-HAND THE MESSAGE THAT
CLIMATE CHANGE IS DELIVERING.
>> Jones: WINE GRAPES HAVE OFTEN
225
00:25:35,834 --> 00:25:41,439
BEEN CALLED THE CANARY IN THE
COAL MINE.
>> Stahl: CLIMATOLOGIST GREG
JONES SAYS THAT'S BEEN TRUE
226
00:25:41,506 --> 00:25:52,651
SINCE THE FIRST WINE WAS MADE IN
6000 B.C. IN EASTERN EUROPE, AND
THEN SPREAD TO ANCIENT EGYPT,
GREECE, AND PERSIA.
227
00:25:52,717 --> 00:25:57,555
KINGS CELEBRATED THEIR VICTORIES
WITH WINE, AND THE CHRISTIAN
WORLD PUT IT AT THE HEART OF THE
EUCHARIST.
228
00:25:57,622 --> 00:26:04,863
WINE HISTORY, JONES SAYS, IS
HUMAN HISTORY.
>> Jones: WINE TOUCHES SOCIETY
IN SOME PRETTY POWERFUL WAYS.
229
00:26:04,930 --> 00:26:13,305
IT'S RELATED TO CIVILIZATIONS.
IT'S RELATED TO HISTORY.
IT'S RELATED TO GEOGRAPHY.
IT'S RELATED TO ROMANTICISM,
230
00:26:13,371 --> 00:26:21,146
ART, GASTRONOMY, BIOLOGY,
CHEMISTRY.
SO, THERE'S SO MANY THINGS THAT
ARE TIED TO IT THAT IT BECOMES
231
00:26:21,212 --> 00:26:28,186
SOMETHING THAT WE CAN-- WE CAN
TELL THE STORY OF CLIMATE CHANGE
THROUGH WINE PRETTY EASILY.
( TICKING )
232
00:26:28,253 --> 00:26:38,730
>> FROM THE "60 MINUTES"
ARCHIVE: HOW CLIMATE CHANGE IS
RESHAPING MANY FACETS OF OUR
WORLD.
233
00:26:40,065 --> 00:26:41,766
( TICKING )
234
00:26:43,935 --> 00:26:52,344
>> Wertheim: WE'RE 40 DAYS AWAY
FROM THE 2022 WINTER OLYMPICS IN
BEIJING-- GAMES THAT COME
WREATHED IN CONTROVERSY.
235
00:26:52,410 --> 00:27:00,518
TO MANY, CHINA IS A PROBLEMATIC
HOST, GIVEN THE COUNTRY'S
HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AND HARD
AUTHORITARIAN TURN.
236
00:27:00,585 --> 00:27:10,295
ONE OF THE LOUDEST VOICES
CONDEMNING CHINA IS NOT A VOICE
AT ALL, BUT RATHER A HAND.
SINCE SELF-EXILING FROM CHINA IN
237
00:27:10,362 --> 00:27:16,401
2009, THE ARTIST KNOWN SIMPLY AS
BADIUCAO HAS USED HIS WORK TO
TAKE ON THE COUNTRY'S LEADER,
XI JINPING, SPECIFICALLY, AND
238
00:27:16,468 --> 00:27:24,409
THE REGIME MORE GENERALLY.
LIKE ALL THE BEST POLITICAL
CARTOONISTS, BADIUCAO IS
ALTERNATELY ANGRY AND PLAYFUL AS
239
00:27:24,476 --> 00:27:31,049
HE CALLS ATTENTION TO WHAT HE
SEES AS CHINA'S BRUTALITY.
IT'S COME AT A STEEP PRICE;
BADIUCAO MAY NEVER GO HOME
240
00:27:31,116 --> 00:27:37,188
AGAIN.
BUT ON HE GOES, TRAVELING
THE WORLD USING PAINT AND WIT,
ONLINE AND ON WALLS, TO DRAW
241
00:27:37,255 --> 00:27:46,131
TRUTH TO POWER.
HAD YOU BEEN IN MIAMI BEACH THIS
FALL, YOU'D BE FORGIVEN FOR
WALKING BY THIS PLAZA AND
242
00:27:46,197 --> 00:27:53,972
THINKING YOU'D ENCOUNTERED
PROMOTIONAL BILLBOARDS FOR THE
BEIJING WINTER OLYMPICS.
BUT A CLOSER LOOK REVEALED A
243
00:27:54,039 --> 00:28:01,613
PROVOCATIVE VISUAL ARGUMENT FOR
WHY CHINA IS UNFIT TO HOST THE
GAMES.
HERE WAS A CHINESE HOCKEY PLAYER
244
00:28:01,679 --> 00:28:08,686
BLOODYING A TIBETAN MONK; A
CHINESE SNOWBOARDER ATOP A
SURVEILLANCE CAMERA; A FACELESS
CHINESE BI-ATHLETE POISED TO
245
00:28:08,753 --> 00:28:19,764
EXECUTE A MEMBER OF THE UIGHUR
MINORITY; A CURLER, REPRESENTING
CHINA'S DELAY IN WARNING THE
WORLD ABOUT COVID.
246
00:28:19,831 --> 00:28:25,770
THIS WAS THE HANDIWORK OF
BADIUCAO, A 35-YEAR-OLD CHINESE
EXILE NOW BASED IN AUSTRALIA.
I NOTICE, IF YOU LOOK CLOSELY,
247
00:28:25,837 --> 00:28:32,110
THOSE AREN'T CONVENTIONAL
OLYMPIC RINGS.
>> Badiucao: THEY ARE ACTUALLY
MADE OF BARBED WIRE.
248
00:28:32,177 --> 00:28:39,784
THAT'S EXACTLY HOW CHINA IS
GOING TO USE OLYMPICS-- NOT AS A
CELEBRATION FOR HUMANITY, BUT
ACTUALLY USE IT AS A PLATFORM TO
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00:28:39,851 --> 00:28:48,593
PROMOTING ITS PROPAGANDA, WHICH
IS FUNDAMENTALLY CRACKING DOWN
ON PEPLE'S BASIC RIGHTS.
( APPLAUSE )
250
00:28:48,660 --> 00:28:53,832
>> Wertheim: BADIUCAO HAD COME
TO SOUTH FLORIDA TO ACCEPT THE
HUMAN RIGHTS FOUNDATION'S
VACLAV HAVEL PRIZE FOR CREATIVE
251
00:28:53,898 --> 00:29:00,805
DISSENT.
WHAT DO YOU SEE AS THE PURPOSE
OF YOUR ART?
>> Badiucao: I SOMETIMES JUST
252
00:29:00,872 --> 00:29:07,078
IMAGINE I'M THIS KID WHO'S
HOLDING A BIG ROCK AND JUST
THROW THE ROCK INTO THE LAKE,
SO THAT WE SEE ALL THE SPLASH,
253
00:29:07,145 --> 00:29:11,382
WE EE THE CHANGE.
>> Wertheim: YOU THROW YOUR ROCK
IN THIS LAKE, SEE THE SPLASH,
SEE WHERE THE RIPPLES, RIPPLE.
254
00:29:11,449 --> 00:29:19,090
>> Badiucao: EXACTLY.
>> Wertheim: CHINA DOES NOT
TOLERATE RIPPLES.
INSIDE CHINA, THERE ARE STRICT
255
00:29:19,157 --> 00:29:26,064
LAWS FORBIDDING MOCKING AND
QUESTIONING LEADERS OF THE
COMMUNIST PARTY, KNOWN AS THE
C.C.P.
256
00:29:26,131 --> 00:29:32,270
EVEN OUTSIDE CHINA, DISSENT DOES
NOT GO OVER WELL.
DO YOU FEEL IN DANGER?
DO YOU FEEL UNSAFE?
257
00:29:32,337 --> 00:29:40,044
>> Badiucao: WELL, THIS IS
ACTUALLY MY DAILY ROUTINE, THAT
I WILL RECEIVE DEATH THREAT IN
A DAILY BASIS, ONLINE, ON MY
258
00:29:40,111 --> 00:29:46,651
SOCIAL MEDIA-- TWITTER,
INSTAGRAM, DIRECT MESSAGE.
>> Wertheim: BADIUCAO KNOWS THAT
AS AN ARTIST POKING THE CHINESE
259
00:29:46,718 --> 00:29:53,525
REGIME, HE RISKS RETALIATION
BOTH AGAINST HIMSELF AND HIS
FAMILY BACK IN CHINA.
FOR YEARS, HE HID BEHIND A MASK
260
00:29:53,591 --> 00:30:00,165
IN PUBLIC, WORKING INCOGNITO,
GUERILLA-STYLE, BOTH IN
AUSTRALIA AND ANY TIME HE
TRAVELED.
261
00:30:00,231 --> 00:30:06,471
HE ADOPTED A PSEUDONYM,
BADIUCAO--
A NAME THAT PURPOSELY, HE SAYS,
HAS NO MEANING.
262
00:30:06,538 --> 00:30:10,808
HOW MANY PEOPLE KNOW YOUR
REAL NAME?
>> Badiucao: IF YOU KNOW I'M
BADIUCAO, THEN YOU DON'T KNOW MY
263
00:30:10,875 --> 00:30:16,548
REAL NAME.
AND IF YOU KNOW MY REAL NAME,
THEN YOU DON'T KNOW I'M
BADIUCAO.
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00:30:16,614 --> 00:30:23,755
>> Wertheim: WHEN THE CHINESE
FIGURED OUT HIS REAL IDENTITY
THREE YEARS AGO, BADIUCAO
INITIALLY WENT UNDERGROUND.
265
00:30:23,821 --> 00:30:32,297
BUT HE TOOK OFF HIS MASK, AND
HAS CONTINUED HURLING DARTS AT
THE REGIME.
IN THIS RECENT CARTOON, TENNIS
266
00:30:32,363 --> 00:30:37,335
STAR PENG SHUAI CONFRONTS THE
REALITY OF ACCUSING A FORMER
VICE PREMIER OF SEXUAL ASSAULT.
>> Badiucao: I WANT TO BE AN
267
00:30:37,402 --> 00:30:44,275
INSPIRING FIGURE.
I WANT MY ART TO HELPING OTHERS
TO COLLECTING COURAGE AND JOIN
ME.
268
00:30:44,342 --> 00:30:51,282
BUT, IF I GIVING UP THIS,
THEN WHAT DOES IT SAY TO THE
REST OF THEM?
>> Wertheim: WHAT IS THE
269
00:30:51,349 --> 00:30:56,754
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YOUR
POPULARITY AND YOUR SECURITY?
>> Badiucao: I DO THINK IT HAS A
VERY CLOSE RELATIONSHIP.
270
00:30:56,821 --> 00:31:01,693
>> Wertheim: SO, ALMOST THE MORE
POPULAR YOU GET, YOU'RE BUYING
YOURSELF AN EXTRA LAYER OF
SECURITY?
271
00:31:01,759 --> 00:31:06,731
>> Badiucao: YEAH.
( LAUGHS )
AND THAT'S THE ONLY WAY THAT YOU
CAN DO IT.
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00:31:06,798 --> 00:31:12,804
>> Wertheim: MAYBE SO, BUT BEING
POPULAR ALSO MEANS HIS WORK HAS
BEEN SCRUBBED BY CENSORS INSIDE
CHINA.
273
00:31:12,870 --> 00:31:20,411
WHAT IS IT ABOUT YOUR WORK THAT
DRIVES THIS REGIME CRAZY?
>> Badiucao: I GUESS IT'S THIS
ATTITUDE THAT, I DON'T CARE
274
00:31:20,478 --> 00:31:27,352
ABOUT HOW SERIOUS YOU ARE,
HOW DANGEROUS YOU ARE.
I'M JUST GOING TO BE MYSELF.
I AM AN INDIVIDUAL.
275
00:31:27,418 --> 00:31:35,460
I'M NOT CONTROLLED BY ANY
AUTHORITY, CERTAINLY NOT C.C.P.
THAT SCARES THEM.
BECAUSE ALL THEY WANT IS
276
00:31:35,526 --> 00:31:40,598
TOTAL CONTROL.
>> Wertheim: IT SOUNDS LIKE YOU
KNOW EXACTLY WHAT BUTTONS TO
PUSH, WHAT-- WHAT LEVERS TO PULL
277
00:31:40,665 --> 00:31:49,974
ON, THAT'S GOING TO TWEAK THEM.
>> Badiucao: I GUESS IT'S NOT ME
FINDING THE BUTTON, IT'S THEM
OFFERING THE BUTTON TO ME.
278
00:31:50,041 --> 00:31:56,114
>> Wertheim: ONE EXAMPLE AMONG
MANY: AN INTERNET MEME SURFACED
COMPARING XI JINPING AND
BARACK OBAMA TO WINNIE THE POOH
279
00:31:56,180 --> 00:32:03,588
AND TIGGER.
NO BIG DEAL, RIGHT?
CHINA CENSORED ANY MENTION OR
IMAGE LINKING XI TO POOH.
280
00:32:03,655 --> 00:32:08,960
TO BADIUCAO, THIS WAS
IRRESISTIBLE.
HE CREATED A SERIES OF CARTOONS
POKING FUN AT XI'S HARDLINE
281
00:32:09,027 --> 00:32:13,031
STANCE AGAINST AN ANIMATED
DISNEY CHARACTER.
WHAT WAS IT ABOUT WINNIE THE
POOH?
282
00:32:13,097 --> 00:32:19,671
WHY WAS THAT SO EFFECTIVE?
>> Badiucao: BECAUSE WINNIE THE
POOH IS SO LOVED BY THE PUBLIC.
IT'S SO RECOGNIZED.
283
00:32:19,737 --> 00:32:25,576
AND WHEN IT'S COMBINED WITH
XI JINPING'S IMAGE, THEN YOU
HAVE PEOPLE ASK QUESTIONS:
"WHY DO YOU WANT TO DELETE THAT
284
00:32:25,643 --> 00:32:32,550
YELLOW BEAR?"
>> Wertheim: YOU RECOGNIZE THE
ABSURDITY OF THIS TOWERING
SUPERPOWER BEING SO OFFENDED BY
285
00:32:32,617 --> 00:32:40,692
A BENIGN YELLOW BEAR.
>> Badiucao: EXACTLY.
IF YOU ARE IN THE DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETY, I THINK POLITICIAN WILL
286
00:32:40,758 --> 00:32:48,032
BE THRILLED IF THEY CAN COMPARE
WITH WINNIE THE POOH INSTEAD OF
SOME EVIL CHARACTER.
BUT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT CHINA.
287
00:32:48,099 --> 00:32:59,210
>> Wertheim: WHEN XI WAS RE-
ELECTED BY CHINA'S PARLIAMENT,
THE MARGIN WAS 2,970 VOTES TO 0.
( STANDING OVATION )
288
00:32:59,277 --> 00:33:06,384
AND WHEN XI GOT RID OF TERM
LIMITS, ALLOWING HIM TO RULE
INDEFINITELY, BADIUCAO POSTED
THIS TONGUE-IN-CHEEK CREATION
289
00:33:06,451 --> 00:33:13,624
ONLINE HE CALLED “XI FOREVER.”
WHEN THE COMMUNIST PARTY WENT TO
WORK ON PASSING A RESOLUTION
FAVORABLY EQUATING XI TO THE
290
00:33:13,691 --> 00:33:21,332
DICTATOR MAO ZEDONG, BADIUCAO,
ARMED WITH POSTERS, HOMEMADE
GLUE AND A FULL SATCHEL OF
OUTRAGE, WENT TO WORK IN
291
00:33:21,399 --> 00:33:27,805
MANHATTAN.
HE COMPARED XI TO A MAGICIAN
CONJURING CHAIRMAN MAO'S SPIRIT.
>> Badiucao: XI JINPING HAS
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00:33:27,872 --> 00:33:33,511
TRIED TO PORTRAY HIMSELF AS
ANOTHER MAO ZEDONG, ANOTHER
RED SUN OF CHINA.
HE WANTS TO ACHIEVE WHAT MAO
293
00:33:33,578 --> 00:33:43,020
HAS ACHIEVED.
HE WANTS TO BE CELEBRATED AS
THIS GODLIKE FIGURE, LIKE MAO
ENJOYED IN HIS TIME.
294
00:33:43,087 --> 00:33:49,227
>> Wertheim: IT WAS BY ACCIDENT
THAT BADIUCAO BECAME A LEADING
CRITIC OF THE CHINESE COMMUNIST
PARTY.
295
00:33:49,293 --> 00:33:55,900
IN 2007, HE WAS A LAW STUDENT IN
HIS HOMETOWN OF SHANGHAI,
WATCHING A FILM ONLINE, WHEN
THE MOVIE ABRUPTLY SWITCHED TO
296
00:33:55,967 --> 00:34:02,540
FOOTAGE SOMEONE HAD SECRETLY
EMBEDDED DEPICTING THE
1989 STUDENT PROTESTS IN
TIANANMEN SQUARE.
297
00:34:02,607 --> 00:34:11,182
( PROTESTS )
>> Badiucao: AND THAT IS
ACTUALLY THE VERY FIRST TIME I
KNOW THIS EXISTS.
298
00:34:11,249 --> 00:34:14,919
>> Wertheim: SO, WAIT-- SO
YOU'RE IN LAW SCHOOL?
YOU'RE IN YOUR 20s.
>> Badiucao: I AM.
299
00:34:14,986 --> 00:34:19,724
>> Wertheim: AND THE FIRST TIME
YOU'RE HEARING ABOUT THE
TIANANMEN SQUARE MASSACRE-- THIS
WORLDWIDE NEWS-- AND THE FIRST
300
00:34:19,791 --> 00:34:26,631
TIME YOU'RE HEARING ABOUT IT IS
WHEN RANDOMLY IT'S IN A
DOCUMENTARY YOU HAPPEN TO SEE?
>> Badiucao: YEAH.
301
00:34:26,697 --> 00:34:31,969
THANKS TO SOME, YOU KNOW, CLEVER
DISSIDENT WHO MADE THIS HAPPEN.
>> Wertheim: YOUR PARENTS HADN'T
TOLD YOU ABOUT THIS?
302
00:34:32,036 --> 00:34:38,242
>> Badiucao: NEVER.
>> Wertheim: TEACHERS?
>> Badiucao: NEVER.
>> Wertheim: DISCOVERING THE
303
00:34:38,309 --> 00:34:43,848
TRUTH ABOUT TIANANMEN SQUARE
MADE BADIUCAO WANT TO LEAVE
CHINA.
( GUNFIRE )
304
00:34:43,915 --> 00:34:52,790
IT WASN'T JUST WHAT HAD
HAPPENED; IT WAS HOW EASILY THE
HISTORY WAS ERASED.
IN 2009, HE RE-SETTLED TO
305
00:34:52,857 --> 00:34:58,529
AUSTRALIA, GAVE UP LAW, AND
STARTED DRAWING, DESPITE NO
FORMAL TRAINING.
HE EVENTUALLY BRANCHED OUT,
306
00:34:58,596 --> 00:35:04,669
TRAVELING AND PERFORMING
STREET ART TO HIGHLIGHT CHINA'S
REPRESSION.
IN THESE SCENES FROM THE
307
00:35:04,735 --> 00:35:12,710
AUSTRALIAN DOCUMENTARY “CHINA'S
ARTFUL DISSIDENT,” BADIUCAO,
STILL MASKED, POSED IN FRONT OF
BERLIN'S BRANDENBURG GATE.
308
00:35:12,777 --> 00:35:20,718
HE WAS HONORING ONE OF THE
MOST TABOO SUBJECTS IN CHINA:
TANK MAN, THE NAMELESS
PRO-DEMOCRACY PROTESTER WHO
309
00:35:20,785 --> 00:35:27,091
STOOD IN FRONT OF THE CHINESE
MILITARY IN 1989.
>> Badiucao: TANK MAN IS THE
GHOST HAUNTING C.C.P. THE MOST.
310
00:35:27,158 --> 00:35:34,465
>> Wertheim: WHAT DOES TANK MAN
REPRESENT?
>> Badiucao: IT SHOWS THAT ANY
ORDINARY PEOPLE OR PERSON COULD
311
00:35:34,532 --> 00:35:41,472
HAVE THE COURAGE TO STAND IN
FRONT OF THE MOST POWERFUL
OBJECT.
>> Wertheim: I KNOW THE IMAGE OF
312
00:35:41,539 --> 00:35:49,780
TANK MAN IS ALWAYS NEAR YOU.
>> Badiucao: BEFORE THE 25th
ANNIVERSARY OF TIANANMEN
MASSACRE, I JUST WANT SOMETHING
313
00:35:49,847 --> 00:35:57,955
ON MY RIGHT ARM, THE ARM THAT I
USE TO DRAW, AS A REMINDER THAT
THIS ORDINARY CHINESE GUY,
WHO JUST COLLECT ALL THE COURAGE
314
00:35:58,022 --> 00:36:06,564
IN THE WORLD AND PUSH HIMSELF IN
FRONT OF THE TANK.
HE'S FEARLESS.
>> Wertheim: WHILE IN THE U.S.,
315
00:36:06,631 --> 00:36:12,203
BADIUCAO CONNECTED WITH STUDENTS
WHO MARCHED FOR DEMOCRACY IN
TIANANMEN SQUARE.
THEY ARE NOW MIDDLE-AGED,
316
00:36:12,270 --> 00:36:20,511
EXILED, AND STILL BEAR SCARS.
FANG ZHENG LOST HIS LEGS TO A
TANK DURING THE MASSACRE.
ZHOU FENGSUO WAS AMONG THE FIRST
317
00:36:20,578 --> 00:36:27,685
TO ENTER TIANANMEN SQUARE, AND
ONE OF THE LAST TO LEAVE.
THE FORMER STUDENTS SEE BADIUCAO
KEEPING ALIVE THEIR IDEALS.
318
00:36:27,752 --> 00:36:38,663
>> Zhou Fengsuo: IT'S IMPORTANT
FOR THE NEXT GENERATION TO CARRY
THE TORCH ON.
AND I SEE THIS HOPE IN HIM.
319
00:36:38,729 --> 00:36:42,700
AND HE'S SO CREATIVE.
>> Wertheim: THAT'S HOW YOU
FEEL, HE'S CARRYING THE TORCH
FOR WHAT YOUR GENERATION
320
00:36:42,767 --> 00:36:48,539
STARTED?
>> Zhou: YES.
DEFINITELY.
>> Wertheim: AS A PROTEST
321
00:36:48,606 --> 00:36:55,680
LEADER, ZHOU BECAME THE
FIFTH-MOST WANTED MAN IN CHINA.
HE SPENT A YEAR IN JAIL, THEN
FLED TO THE U.S. IN THE MID-90s.
322
00:36:55,746 --> 00:37:02,620
ZHOU SAYS CHINA DOESN'T KNOW HOW
TO HANDLE BADIUCAO.
>> Zhou: CHINESE INFLUENCE OVER
THE WORLD, IT'S SO PERVASIVE.
323
00:37:02,687 --> 00:37:08,626
AND THEY CAN CONTROL ANYTHING--
FOR EXAMPLE, YOU KNOW, U.S.
COMPANIES-- BUT STILL THEY
CANNOT CHANGE BADIUCAO.
324
00:37:08,693 --> 00:37:20,071
THIS ONE, SINGLE PERSON WHO CAN
ALWAYS COME OUT WITH ENDLESS
ARTS CHALLENGING THE AUTHORITY.
>> Wertheim: YOU'RE SAYING THE
325
00:37:20,137 --> 00:37:24,342
CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY CAN
PRESSURE COMPANIES AND OTHER
NATIONS, BUT THEY CAN'T...
>> Zhou: THEY CAN'T CHANGE THIS
326
00:37:24,408 --> 00:37:28,946
PERSON.
>> Wertheim: ...PRESSURE THIS
GUY.
>> Zhou: YEAH.
327
00:37:29,013 --> 00:37:32,850
THAT'S THE SPIRIT OF TANK MAN,
THE PERSON, VERSUS TOTALITARIAN
NATION.
HE'S DEFINITELY A THORN IN THEIR
328
00:37:32,917 --> 00:37:40,191
EYE.
>> Wertheim: BADIUCAO MAY BE A
LONE DISSIDENT TAKING ON THE
WORLD'S LARGEST GOVERNMENT, BUT
329
00:37:40,257 --> 00:37:47,498
HE IS CONVINCED HIS IS NO
EXERCISE IN FUTILITY.
YOU SAID YOU ADMIRE THE
MYTHOLOGICAL FIGURE, SISYPHUS.
330
00:37:47,565 --> 00:37:50,801
>> Badiucao: RIGHT.
>> Wertheim: WHAT'D YOU MEAN BY
THAT?
>> Badiucao: HIS MISSION SEEMS,
331
00:37:50,868 --> 00:38:00,478
LIKE, DOOMED.
THAT HE WILL NEVER PUSH THE ROCK
TO THE VERY TOP OF THE MOUNTAIN.
IT'S A BIT LIKE ME WHEN I'M
332
00:38:00,544 --> 00:38:08,819
CREATING ARTWORKS TO CHALLENGE
THE CHINESE REGIME.
I DON'T KNOW WHEN IT WILL BE
CHANGED, OR I DON'T KNOW IF MY
333
00:38:08,886 --> 00:38:15,493
WORK WILL CHANGE IT AT ALL.
BUT EVEN IF THAT IS A REALITY,
DOES IT MEAN MY WORK HAS NO
MEANING?
334
00:38:15,559 --> 00:38:22,833
I DON'T THINK SO.
>> Wertheim: IN SEPTEMBER,
BADIUCAO BROUGHT OUT HIS
PAINTBRUSH TO CONVEY HIS
335
00:38:22,900 --> 00:38:29,573
OUTRAGE FOR CHINA'S CRACKDOWN
ON HONG KONG.
FASHIONING HONG KONG'S LEADER,
CARRIE LAM, AS A PUPPET OF
336
00:38:29,640 --> 00:38:36,080
XI JINPING, BADIUCAO MELDED
THEIR FACES.
LAST MONTH, IN NORTHERN ITALY,
A CENTER OF ART, THAT COMBINED
337
00:38:36,147 --> 00:38:43,688
IMAGE GREETED VISITORS, AS
BADIUCAO HELD HIS FIRST MAJOR
SOLO EXHIBITION IN THE CITY OF
BRESCIA.
338
00:38:43,754 --> 00:38:53,064
IT ALMOST DIDN'T HAPPEN.
AT THE LAST MINUTE, CHINA TRIED
TO FLEX ITS MUSCLE.
>> Badiucao: THEY'RE ACTUALLY
339
00:38:53,130 --> 00:39:00,805
WRITING THREATENING LETTERS.
IT'S LIKE A BLACKMAILING, YOU
KNOW?
"IF YOU DO BADIUCAO'S SHOW,
340
00:39:00,871 --> 00:39:03,441
THEN MAYBE IN THE FUTURE OUR
COLLABORATION WILL BE
PROBLEMATIC."
>> Wertheim: SPECIFICALLY, THE
341
00:39:03,507 --> 00:39:07,678
CHINESE EMBASSY IN ROME DEMANDED
THE SHOW BE CANCELLED BECAUSE
THE EXHIBITION WAS “FULL OF
ANTI-CHINESE LIES;” WOULD“
342
00:39:07,745 --> 00:39:14,919
SERIOUSLY WOUND THE FEELINGS OF
THE CHINESE PEOPLE;” AND POSED“
A THREAT TO FRIENDLY RELATIONS
BETWEEN CHINA AND ITALY."
343
00:39:14,985 --> 00:39:25,129
THE ITALIAN AUTHORITIES HELD
FIRM, AND THE SHOW WENT ON.
THERE WAS A NOD TO WHAT BADIUCAO
SEES AS XI'S WILLFULLY SLOW
344
00:39:25,196 --> 00:39:30,434
RESPONSE TO COVID, AND HE PAID
HOMAGE TO THE UIGHUR MINORITY
THAT CHINA HAS IMPRISONED.
TO WHAT EXTENT ARE YOU
345
00:39:30,501 --> 00:39:36,340
REPRESENTING THE PEOPLE THAT
CAN'T EXPRESS THEMSELVES INSIDE
CHINA?
>> Badiucao: I THINK THIS IS
346
00:39:36,407 --> 00:39:44,915
THE REALITY, THAT CHINESE PEOPLE
DO NOT HAVE A SENSE OF SAFETY
THAT THEY CAN SPEAK FREELY.
BUT I AM IN THIS VERY PRIVILEGED
347
00:39:44,982 --> 00:39:59,096
POSITION THAT I'M NOT IN CHINA,
SO I HAVE EVERY RESPONSIBILITY
TO MAKE MY VOICE TO BE HEARD, TO
BECOME THEIR VOICES.
348
00:40:02,466 --> 00:40:09,273
>> Wertheim: NEXT SUNDAY, ON
"60 MINUTES PRESENTS," A
ONE-HOUR EXPANDED VERSION OF
OUR STORY ON WORLD WAR II'S
349
00:40:09,340 --> 00:40:14,145
SECRET INTELLIGENCE UNIT,
THE RITCHIE BOYS.
IT INCLUDES INTERVIEWS AND
FOOTAGE NOT BROADCAST
350
00:40:14,211 --> 00:40:18,616
PREVIOUSLY.
I'M JON WERTHEIM.
WE'LL BE BACK IN TWO WEEKS
WITH AN ALL-NEW EDITION OF
351
00:40:18,682 --> 00:40:19,683
"60 MINUTES."