1 00:00:07,033 --> 00:00:10,933 >> IT'S THE TEST NO ONE WANTS TO FAIL. 2 00:00:10,966 --> 00:00:16,100 GOING PACK TO CAMPUS IN THE FALL ‐‐ THERE'S MUCH TO 3 00:00:16,133 --> 00:00:17,200 CONSIDER. 4 00:00:17,233 --> 00:00:19,166 AS YOU'LL HEAR TONIGHT, STUDENTS, FAMILIES, AND 5 00:00:19,200 --> 00:00:22,733 EDUCATORS ARE ALL FEELING THE BURDEN. 6 00:00:22,766 --> 00:00:25,533 >> ONE WEIGHT COMES TRULY FROM UNCERTAINTY. 7 00:00:25,566 --> 00:00:27,866 HUMAN BEINGS LOATHE IT. 8 00:00:27,900 --> 00:00:32,066 WE WILL DO ALMOST ANYTHING NOT TO HAVE IT, AND WE ARE CALLED TO 9 00:00:32,100 --> 00:00:36,500 TOLERATE UNCERTAINTY AT A REALLY HIGH LEVEL RIGHT NOW. 10 00:00:38,166 --> 00:00:40,633 >> IN 1921, THE GLENWOOD 11 00:00:40,666 --> 00:00:44,566 NEIGHBORHOOD OF TULSA, OKLAHOMA, WAS AMONG THE WEALTHIEST BLACK 12 00:00:44,600 --> 00:00:49,466 COMMUNITIES IN AMERICA, BUT IT WAS DESTROYED IN A RACE MASSACRE 13 00:00:49,500 --> 00:00:54,600 HATE RAINED DOWN ON CHURCHES AND HOMES FROM ABOVE. 14 00:00:54,633 --> 00:00:58,400 >> THE FIRST TIME IN AMERICAN HISTORY AIRPLANES WERE USED TO 15 00:00:58,433 --> 00:01:01,866 TERRORIZE AMERICANS. IT WAS NOT AT 9/11. 16 00:01:01,900 --> 00:01:05,966 IT WAS NOT PEARL HARBOR. IT WAS RIGHT HERE. 17 00:01:07,633 --> 00:01:09,700 >> THE MERIT SYSTEM PROTECTION 18 00:01:09,733 --> 00:01:12,333 ORDER, WHY SHOULD AMERICANS KNOW OR CARE WHAT THAT IS? 19 00:01:12,366 --> 00:01:16,466 >> THIS AGENCY IS THERE TO PROTECT FEDERAL EMPLOYEES FROM 20 00:01:16,500 --> 00:01:20,633 BAD SUPERVISORS AND POOR PERFORMERS. 21 00:01:20,666 --> 00:01:24,233 ALL OU NEED IS ONE BAD EMPLOYEE, ONE BAD SUPERVISOR FOR 22 00:01:24,266 --> 00:01:27,433 THINGS TO GO AMUCK IN ANY FEDERAL AGENCY. 23 00:01:27,466 --> 00:01:30,400 AND IF YOU'RE GETTING YOUR BENEFITS, YOUR SERVICES, 24 00:01:30,433 --> 00:01:32,866 WHATEVER THEY LET'S SAY IT'S DRUGS, MEDICINE, YOU'RE 25 00:01:32,900 --> 00:01:35,500 GOING TO WANT THIS AGENCY TO BE THERE. 26 00:01:37,166 --> 00:01:38,900 >> I'M LESLEY STAHL. 27 00:01:38,933 --> 00:01:40,066 >> I'M BILL WHITAKER. 28 00:01:41,333 --> 00:01:42,433 >> I'M JOHN DICKERSON. 29 00:01:42,466 --> 00:01:43,566 >> I'M NORAH O'DONNELL. 30 00:01:43,600 --> 00:01:45,066 >> I'M SCOTT PELLEY. 31 00:01:45,100 --> 00:01:49,133 THOSE STORIES, TONIGHT, ON "60 MINUTES." 32 00:01:55,900 --> 00:01:59,266 >> Dickerson: THIS FALL, COLLEGE WILL START WITH A TEST. 33 00:01:59,300 --> 00:02:02,766 CAN AMERICA'S UNIVERSITIES REOPEN DURING THE GREATEST 34 00:02:02,800 --> 00:02:05,133 PANDEMIC IN 100 YEARS? 35 00:02:05,166 --> 00:02:08,366 SOME UNIVERSITIES ARE REMAINING ONLINE. 36 00:02:08,400 --> 00:02:09,800 OTHERS ARE STILL UNSURE. 37 00:02:09,833 --> 00:02:11,766 BUT A GROWING NUMBER ARE PREPARING FOR PERHAPS THE 38 00:02:11,800 --> 00:02:15,100 LARGEST COORDINATED RETURN INSTITUTIONS HAVE MADE SINCE THE 39 00:02:15,133 --> 00:02:17,766 VIRUS HIT. 40 00:02:17,800 --> 00:02:22,033 IN MANY WAYS, COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES ARE THE PERFECT 41 00:02:22,066 --> 00:02:23,766 PLACES FOR AN AMERICAN REAWAKENING. 42 00:02:23,800 --> 00:02:29,233 SCIENTISTS CAN TRACK AND TRACE, BEHAVIORAL EXPERTS CAN MAKE THE 43 00:02:29,266 --> 00:02:31,000 PITCH AND PHILOSOPHERS CAN EXPLAIN THE BALANCE BETWEEN 44 00:02:31,033 --> 00:02:34,800 COLLECTIVE GOOD AND THE INDIVIDUAL. 45 00:02:34,833 --> 00:02:38,766 BUT, WE GO TO COLLEGE TO BE SOCIAL, WITH NO DISTANCE. 46 00:02:38,800 --> 00:02:41,366 COLLEGE STUDENTS ARE GOING TO HAVE TO STEP UP BY STAYING 47 00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:42,500 APART. 48 00:02:42,533 --> 00:02:46,766 IF THEY DO, THEY MAY LEAD THE WAY NOT JUST FOR THE NEXT 49 00:02:46,800 --> 00:02:50,533 SEMESTER, BUT FOR THE ENTIRE COUNTRY AND ITS FUTURE. 50 00:02:53,833 --> 00:02:58,233 IN 1795, THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL BECAME 51 00:02:58,266 --> 00:03:02,066 THE FIRST PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN AMERICA TO OPEN ITS DOORS TO 52 00:03:02,100 --> 00:03:03,166 STUDENTS. 53 00:03:03,200 --> 00:03:06,166 BUT SINCE THIS PAST MARCH, THOSE DOORS HAVE BEEN SHUT. 54 00:03:06,200 --> 00:03:10,733 IN AUGUST, THE SILENCE ON CAMPUS WILL BE LIFTED. 55 00:03:10,766 --> 00:03:14,733 THOUGH THE PANDEMIC PERSISTS, THE UNIVERSITY WAS AMONG THE 56 00:03:14,766 --> 00:03:17,766 FIRST SCHOOLS TO ANNOUNCE A PLAN TO BRING ITS 40,000 STUDENTS, 57 00:03:17,800 --> 00:03:22,033 FACULTY AND STAFF BACK TO CAMPUS FOR IN‐PERSON CLASSES. 58 00:03:22,066 --> 00:03:25,166 KEVIN GUSKIEWICZ IS U. N. C.'S CHANCELLOR. 59 00:03:25,200 --> 00:03:26,733 WHAT ARE YOU HEARING FROM STUDENTS ABOUT COMING BACK IN 60 00:03:26,766 --> 00:03:28,433 THE FALL? 61 00:03:28,466 --> 00:03:30,166 >> Kevin Guskiewicz: THEY'RE EXCITED ABOUT THE OPPORTUNITY TO 62 00:03:30,200 --> 00:03:32,866 COME BACK, KNOWING THOUGH THAT IT'S NOT GOING TO BE THE SAME 63 00:03:32,900 --> 00:03:34,366 CAROLINA. 64 00:03:34,400 --> 00:03:35,800 >> Dickerson: IS IT WORTH THE RISK THEN, TO BRING EVERYBODY 65 00:03:35,833 --> 00:03:38,800 BACK, IF IT'S NOT GOING TO BE THE SAME CAROLINA? 66 00:03:38,833 --> 00:03:42,800 >> Guskiewicz: WE'RE NOT GOING TO BRING STUDENTS, FACULTY, 67 00:03:42,833 --> 00:03:46,433 STAFF BACK ONTO A CAMPUS WHERE WE DON'T BELIEVE IT'S A SAFE 68 00:03:46,466 --> 00:03:47,666 ENVIRONMENT. 69 00:03:47,700 --> 00:03:50,766 THERE CERTAINLY IS SOME RISK, BUT WE BELIEVE WE'RE PUTTING IN 70 00:03:50,800 --> 00:03:54,066 PLACE THE RIGHT MEASURES TO MITIGATE THAT RISK. 71 00:03:54,100 --> 00:03:58,766 >> Dickerson: THOSE MEASURES INCLUDE STARTING THE FALL 72 00:03:58,800 --> 00:03:59,933 SEMESTER EARLY. 73 00:03:59,966 --> 00:04:02,766 IN SEVEN WEEKS, STUDENTS WILL BEGIN THE FAMILIAR RITUAL OF 74 00:04:02,800 --> 00:04:06,133 MOVING INTO DORMS. UDENTS WILL FINAL EXAMS WILL END JUST BEFORE 75 00:04:06,166 --> 00:04:09,500 THANKSGIVING, AND THEN STUDENTS WILL BE SENT HOME THROUGH AT 76 00:04:09,533 --> 00:04:10,666 LEAST THE NEW YEAR. 77 00:04:10,700 --> 00:04:13,333 >> Guskiewicz: WE'RE TRYING TO STAY AHEAD OF THE POTENTIAL 78 00:04:13,366 --> 00:04:15,300 SECOND WAVE OF THE VIRUS, WHICH THE EXPERTS THINK THAT IF WE'RE 79 00:04:15,333 --> 00:04:18,766 GOING TO SEE THAT, IT'S LIKELY TO HAPPEN IN LATE NOVEMBER, 80 00:04:18,800 --> 00:04:21,000 DECEMBER. 81 00:04:21,033 --> 00:04:22,733 >> Dickerson: TO REDUCE DENSITY, LECTURE CLASSES WILL BE 82 00:04:22,766 --> 00:04:23,866 DOWNSIZED. 83 00:04:23,900 --> 00:04:29,833 DISINFECTING IS HAPPENING IN THE ATHLETIC FACILITIES, THE 84 00:04:29,866 --> 00:04:31,033 DORMITORIES AND CLASSROOMS. 85 00:04:31,066 --> 00:04:35,800 TO HELP DESIGN ITS REOPENING, THE SCHOOL TURNED TO DR. MYRON 86 00:04:35,833 --> 00:04:39,166 COHEN, THE DIRECTOR OF U. N. C.'S INSTITUTE FOR GLOBAL HEALTH AND 87 00:04:39,200 --> 00:04:41,400 INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 88 00:04:41,433 --> 00:04:42,400 HOW IMPORTANT ARE MASKS? 89 00:04:42,433 --> 00:04:44,333 >> Dr. Myron Cohen: MASKS, MASKS AND MORE MASKS. 90 00:04:44,366 --> 00:04:46,366 YOU‐‐ YOU CAN'T SAY ENOUGH ABOUT MASKS. 91 00:04:46,400 --> 00:04:49,533 >> Dickerson: WHAT IS THE MASK RULE? 92 00:04:49,566 --> 00:04:53,800 >> Cohen: WE REQUIRE THAT THE STUDENTS IN THE CLASSROOM WILL 93 00:04:53,833 --> 00:04:59,800 WEAR A MASK, THAT THE PROFESSOR WILL BE SOME DISTANCE AWAY FROM 94 00:04:59,833 --> 00:05:05,300 THE STUDENTS, AND THE PROFESSOR WILL WEAR A MASK. 95 00:05:05,333 --> 00:05:06,833 SO WE INTEND OUR CLASSROOMS TO BE 100% MASKED. 96 00:05:06,866 --> 00:05:09,000 >> Dickerson: HOW DO YOU TEACH A CLASS WITH A MASK ON? 97 00:05:09,033 --> 00:05:10,766 >> Cohen: WELL, WE'RE GOING TO FIGURE THAT OUT PRETTY QUICKLY. 98 00:05:10,800 --> 00:05:12,133 BUT, I THINK, I CAN PUT MY MASK ON AND WE CAN CONTINUE THE 99 00:05:12,166 --> 00:05:13,500 INTERVIEW. 100 00:05:13,533 --> 00:05:14,533 AND WE CAN SEE HOW IT GOES. 101 00:05:14,566 --> 00:05:15,566 IT'S NOT IMPOSSIBLE. 102 00:05:15,600 --> 00:05:17,066 >> Dickerson: WHAT MAY BE IMPOSSIBLE IS PREVENTING 103 00:05:17,100 --> 00:05:18,766 STUDENTS FROM GATHERING IN DORMS. 104 00:05:18,800 --> 00:05:21,300 COLLEGE‐AGE KIDS ARE WIRED TO SOCIALIZE. 105 00:05:21,333 --> 00:05:23,100 THEY MARK THE TIME BY THE BIG CELEBRATIONS, LIKE THIS 106 00:05:23,133 --> 00:05:26,766 ONE AFTER NORTH CAROLINA'S NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIP IN 107 00:05:26,800 --> 00:05:29,700 BASKETBALL THREE YEARS AGO. 108 00:05:29,733 --> 00:05:32,100 HOW LEAKY, FOR LACK OF A BETTER WORD, IS... 109 00:05:32,133 --> 00:05:32,966 >> Cohen: IT'S A GOOD WORD. 110 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:34,800 >> Dickerson: ...THE CAMPUS ENVIRONMENT? 111 00:05:34,833 --> 00:05:36,633 HOW MANY THREATS TO YOUR SYSTEM ARE THERE? 112 00:05:36,666 --> 00:05:38,700 >> Cohen: OH, IT'S‐‐ IT'S COMPLETELY LEAKY. 113 00:05:38,733 --> 00:05:41,833 THE STUDENTS CAN GO ANYWHERE THEY'D LIKE TO GO. 114 00:05:41,866 --> 00:05:44,700 AND THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IS, THE LEAKINESS MATTERS LESS UNDER 115 00:05:44,733 --> 00:05:46,366 TWO CONDITIONS. 116 00:05:46,400 --> 00:05:47,566 WE REDUCE THE DENSITY. 117 00:05:47,600 --> 00:05:50,800 THAT IS, WE DO NOT ALLOW LARGE NUMBERS OF PEOPLE CONGREGATING 118 00:05:50,833 --> 00:05:52,766 AND MASKS. 119 00:05:52,800 --> 00:05:54,800 >> Dickerson: I CAN'T THINK OF A MORE DIFFICULT COHORT THAN 120 00:05:54,833 --> 00:05:57,933 COLLEGE STUDENTS TO TELL, "DON'T CONGREGATE." 121 00:05:57,966 --> 00:05:59,200 ISN'T THE WHOLE REASON THEY'RE BEING BROUGHT BACK HERE, TO 122 00:05:59,233 --> 00:06:00,900 CONGREGATE? 123 00:06:00,933 --> 00:06:02,766 >> Cohen: WELL, I GUESS WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO SEE. 124 00:06:02,800 --> 00:06:05,866 >> Dickerson: BECAUSE IT FEELS LIKE YOU'RE ONE KEG PARTY AWAY 125 00:06:05,900 --> 00:06:07,133 FROM A BAD PROBLEM. 126 00:06:07,166 --> 00:06:10,000 >> Cohen: THE ENTIRE CAMPUS WILL BE TRYING TO CREATE ENVIRONMENTS 127 00:06:10,033 --> 00:06:11,800 WHERE PEOPLE ARE INCREDIBLY SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE. 128 00:06:11,833 --> 00:06:14,766 HUMANS ARE SMART, OKAY? 129 00:06:14,800 --> 00:06:16,566 THESE STUDENTS ARE SMART. 130 00:06:16,600 --> 00:06:18,200 >> Dickerson: REEVES MOSELEY, A RISING SENIOR FROM TEXAS, IS 131 00:06:18,233 --> 00:06:20,533 U.N.C.'S STUDENT BODY PRESIDENT. 132 00:06:20,566 --> 00:06:22,766 >> Reeves Moseley: WE HAVE TO GROW UP A LITTLE FASTER THAN WE 133 00:06:22,800 --> 00:06:26,133 WOULD OTHERWISE AND BE ABLE TO SAY, THIS IS A NEW COMMUNITY 134 00:06:26,166 --> 00:06:27,266 STANDARD THAT WE HAVE TO SET. 135 00:06:27,300 --> 00:06:29,633 THIS IS UNPRECEDENTED, BUT WE HAVE TO RELY ON THE SOCIAL 136 00:06:29,666 --> 00:06:32,400 PRESSURE FOR STUDENTS TO WEAR MASKS, TO SOCIAL DISTANCE. 137 00:06:32,433 --> 00:06:34,733 >> Dickerson: THE UNIVERSITY ACKNOWLEDGES THERE WILL BE 138 00:06:34,766 --> 00:06:35,900 CASES. 139 00:06:35,933 --> 00:06:38,733 THE CHALLENGE WILL BE CATCHING THEM BEFORE A LARGER SPREAD 140 00:06:38,766 --> 00:06:41,700 OCCURS. 141 00:06:41,733 --> 00:06:43,666 TWO DORMITORIES WILL BE SET ASIDE TO QUARANTINE STUDENTS. 142 00:06:43,700 --> 00:06:46,433 >> Guskiewicz: WE'LL LOOK FOR CLUSTERS. 143 00:06:46,466 --> 00:06:49,633 IF THERE WAS A CLUSTER OF POSITIVE CASES THAT THAT WOULD 144 00:06:49,666 --> 00:06:51,433 POTENTIALLY CREATE AN OFF RAMP FOR US AND WE COULD PIVOT BACK 145 00:06:51,466 --> 00:06:54,733 TO AN REMOTE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT. 146 00:06:54,766 --> 00:06:57,033 >> Dickerson: MANY SCHOOLS AROUND THE COUNTRY ARE STILL 147 00:06:57,066 --> 00:07:02,533 WORKING ON THEIR SPECIFIC PLANS FOR THE FALL. 148 00:07:02,566 --> 00:07:05,766 THAT MUST NOW INCLUDE HOW TO HANDLE ALMOST CERTAIN PROTESTS 149 00:07:05,800 --> 00:07:06,833 AGAINST RACISM. 150 00:07:06,866 --> 00:07:10,633 DUE TO THE PANDEMIC, THE CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY 151 00:07:10,666 --> 00:07:14,366 SYSTEM ANNOUNCED LAST MONTH COURSES WILL BE TAUGHT PRIMARILY 152 00:07:14,400 --> 00:07:15,566 ONLINE IN THE FALL. 153 00:07:15,600 --> 00:07:18,700 FOR U. N. C.'S REEVES MOSELEY, REMOTE LEARNING THIS SPRING LED 154 00:07:18,733 --> 00:07:22,700 TO A SENSE OF ISOLATION AND A LOSS OF COMMUNITY. 155 00:07:22,733 --> 00:07:26,700 IF THEY HAD SAID, "YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE TO DO ONLINE LEARNING 156 00:07:26,733 --> 00:07:29,666 FOR ONE MORE SEMESTER," HOW MANY OF YOUR FELLOW STUDENTS WOULD 157 00:07:29,700 --> 00:07:31,866 HAVE SAID, "I'M NOT GOING TO DO THAT?" 158 00:07:31,900 --> 00:07:33,466 OR THEIR PARENTS WOULD HAVE SAID, "I'M NOT GOING TO PAY FOR 159 00:07:33,500 --> 00:07:35,033 THAT?" >> Moseley: A LOT. 160 00:07:35,066 --> 00:07:38,433 YOU KNOW, YOU'RE PAYING THESE TUITION DOLLARS, AND IF YOU'RE 161 00:07:38,466 --> 00:07:40,500 HAVING AN ONLINE INSTRUCTION EXPERIENCE, THAT'S NOWHERE LIKE 162 00:07:40,533 --> 00:07:42,800 THE ACTUAL EXPERIENCE YOU'D BE HAVING OTHERWISE. 163 00:07:42,833 --> 00:07:46,733 >> Dickerson: FOR U. N. C.'S CHANCELLOR KEVIN GUSKIEWICZ, 164 00:07:46,766 --> 00:07:47,966 THAT'S ANOTHER REASON TO REOPEN. 165 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:50,966 AND I JUST WONDER IF IT WOULD'VE BEEN FINANCIALLY INFEASIBLE TO 166 00:07:51,000 --> 00:07:53,200 NOT REOPEN? 167 00:07:53,233 --> 00:07:54,733 >> Guskiewicz: WE WOULD'VE BEEN CHALLENGED FINANCIALLY TO NOT 168 00:07:54,766 --> 00:07:57,933 REOPEN. 169 00:07:57,966 --> 00:07:59,766 WE‐‐ WE KNOW THAT MANY STUDENTS WOULD'VE PERHAPS TAKEN A GAP 170 00:07:59,800 --> 00:08:02,733 YEAR, OR TO DEFER THEIR ENROLLMENT. 171 00:08:02,766 --> 00:08:06,733 BUT I WANT TO EMPHASIZE THAT OUR DECISIONS ARE BASED ON CREATING 172 00:08:06,766 --> 00:08:10,733 THAT LEARNING ENVIRONMENT FOR STUDENTS, WHERE WE KNOW THEY CAN 173 00:08:10,766 --> 00:08:14,700 THRIVE AND BUILDING IN ALL OF THESE MEASURES FOR SAFETY. 174 00:08:14,733 --> 00:08:18,700 >> Dickerson: COLLEGE IN THE FALL IS A TIME OF RENEWAL. 175 00:08:18,733 --> 00:08:22,700 A RETURN TO FIELDS OF POSSIBILITY, A PLACE WHERE YOUR 176 00:08:22,733 --> 00:08:25,800 ROUTE TO THE FUTURE IS VISIBLE. 177 00:08:25,833 --> 00:08:28,766 AT WILLIAM & MARY IN VIRGINIA, THE SCHOOL YEAR IS LAUNCHED WITH 178 00:08:28,800 --> 00:08:32,600 A TRADITIONAL RAUCOUS WELCOME OF NEW STUDENTS. 179 00:08:32,633 --> 00:08:34,766 IN THE MIDDLE OF IT ALL THE PAST TWO YEARS HAS BEEN THE 180 00:08:34,800 --> 00:08:40,766 UNIVERSITY'S FIRST FEMALE PRESIDENT, KATHERINE ROWE. 181 00:08:40,800 --> 00:08:42,766 HAVE YOU ALREADY STARTED WRITING THE SPEECH FOR WHEN THEY RETURN? 182 00:08:42,800 --> 00:08:46,766 >> Katherine Rowe: OH, I'M THINKING ABOUT IT ALL THE TIME. 183 00:08:46,800 --> 00:08:47,866 I MISS THEM SO MUCH. 184 00:08:47,900 --> 00:08:53,100 >> Dickerson: WE SPOKE TO PRESIDENT ROWE IN THE OLDEST 185 00:08:53,133 --> 00:08:54,366 BUILDING ON ANY AMERICAN CAMPUS. 186 00:08:54,400 --> 00:08:58,733 AT THE 327‐YEAR‐OLD SCHOOL THAT EDUCATED THREE U. S. PRESIDENTS, 187 00:08:58,766 --> 00:09:03,166 ROWE AND HER HUSBAND ARE NOW THE ONLY PEOPLE LIVING ON CAMPUS. 188 00:09:03,200 --> 00:09:06,200 SHE WALKS DAILY PAST THE EMPTY HALLS AND DORMS, BURDENED BY 189 00:09:06,233 --> 00:09:08,933 WHAT'S AHEAD. 190 00:09:08,966 --> 00:09:12,866 WHAT CAUSES THE MOST WEIGHT TO THAT BURDEN? 191 00:09:12,900 --> 00:09:17,433 >> Rowe: ONE WEIGHT COMES FROM, SHEERLY FROM UNCERTAINTY. 192 00:09:17,466 --> 00:09:18,333 HUMAN BEINGS LOATHE IT. 193 00:09:18,366 --> 00:09:22,333 WE WILL DO ALMOST ANYTHING NOT TO HAVE IT. 194 00:09:22,366 --> 00:09:23,766 AND WE ARE CALLED TO TOLERATE UNCERTAINTY AT A REALLY HIGH 195 00:09:23,800 --> 00:09:26,533 LEVEL RIGHT NOW. 196 00:09:26,566 --> 00:09:29,833 >> Dickerson: AFTER A MARATHON OF ZOOM CALLS, WILLIAM & MARY 197 00:09:29,866 --> 00:09:33,133 ANNOUNCED FRIDAY IT TOO WILL RETURN EARLY TO IN‐PERSON 198 00:09:33,166 --> 00:09:34,766 CLASSES. 199 00:09:34,800 --> 00:09:37,600 BUT STUDENTS WILL HAVE THE FLEXIBILITY TO FINISH THE SCHOOL 200 00:09:37,633 --> 00:09:38,766 YEAR THROUGH NEXT SUMMER. 201 00:09:38,800 --> 00:09:42,766 >> Rowe: IT'S HELPFUL TO KNOW THAT WE'VE SURVIVED ENORMOUS 202 00:09:42,800 --> 00:09:47,166 SHOCKS IN THE PAST AND TO THINK ABOUT WHAT IT TOOK TO PERSEVERE. 203 00:09:47,200 --> 00:09:50,766 THAT'S INCREDIBLY ENCOURAGING. 204 00:09:50,800 --> 00:09:53,800 ( BELLS CHIMING ) >> Dickerson: TWICE BEFORE IN 205 00:09:53,833 --> 00:09:57,733 ITS LONG HISTORY, WILLIAM & MARY SHUT DOWN: DURING THE CIVIL WAR, 206 00:09:57,766 --> 00:10:02,266 AND DURING A LATE 19th‐CENTURY FINANCIAL CRISIS. 207 00:10:02,300 --> 00:10:05,433 THIS PANDEMIC AND ITS ECONOMIC IMPACT MAY PRESENT THE BIGGEST 208 00:10:05,466 --> 00:10:07,900 CHALLENGES TO THE SCHOOL IN OVER A CENTURY. 209 00:10:07,933 --> 00:10:09,900 HOW MANY STUDENTS DO YOU THINK WON'T BE ABLE TO COME HERE 210 00:10:09,933 --> 00:10:12,600 BECAUSE OF THE ECONOMIC DEVASTATION? 211 00:10:12,633 --> 00:10:14,733 >> Rowe: I THINK THAT'S ONE OF THE QUESTIONS THAT IS MOST 212 00:10:14,766 --> 00:10:17,066 CONCERNING, AND THAT WE STILL DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER TO. 213 00:10:17,100 --> 00:10:20,533 IF YOU THINK ABOUT 40 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE COUNTRY OUT OF 214 00:10:20,566 --> 00:10:23,233 WORK, SOME OF THEM WILL BE PARENTS OF OUR STUDENTS. 215 00:10:23,266 --> 00:10:25,433 >> Dickerson: SOME PEOPLE WORRY ABOUT A LOST GENERATION. 216 00:10:25,466 --> 00:10:31,433 >> Rowe: WE HAVE AN OBLIGATION TO ENSURE THAT THIS COHORT OF 217 00:10:31,466 --> 00:10:34,166 STUDENTS DOESN'T LOSE SPEED, DOESN'T LOSE MOMENTUM IN THEIR 218 00:10:34,200 --> 00:10:35,966 COLLEGE EDUCATIONS. 219 00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:40,166 >> Dickerson: WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF THE STUDENTS LOST THAT SPEED? 220 00:10:40,200 --> 00:10:43,966 >> Rowe: IT'S REALLY HARD TO IMAGINE ACCEPTING THAT AS A 221 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:45,100 POSSIBLE PATH FORWARD. 222 00:10:45,133 --> 00:10:48,666 WE CAN'T. 223 00:10:48,700 --> 00:10:53,100 SO HOWEVER WE HAVE A YEAR NEXT YEAR, WE WILL HAVE A YEAR. 224 00:10:53,133 --> 00:10:57,200 HOWEVER THEY LEARN, WE WILL MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR THEM TO LEARN. 225 00:10:57,233 --> 00:11:01,000 >> Dickerson: THREE QUARTERS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS ATTEND PUBLIC 226 00:11:01,033 --> 00:11:04,133 INSTITUTIONS, WHICH ARE RELIANT ON STATE FUNDING. 227 00:11:04,166 --> 00:11:08,266 >> John King: WHAT'S COMING IS THAT STATES ARE SEEING HUGE 228 00:11:08,300 --> 00:11:10,133 DROPS IN REVENUE THAT WILL TRANSLATE INTO A BIG HIT TO 229 00:11:10,166 --> 00:11:13,066 PUBLIC HIGHER EDUCATION. 230 00:11:13,100 --> 00:11:17,066 AND IF WE SEE HUGE CUTS TO PUBLIC HIGHER ED, THAT'LL MEAN 231 00:11:17,100 --> 00:11:19,433 LESS FINANCIAL AID FOR STUDENTS. 232 00:11:19,466 --> 00:11:22,133 >> Dickerson: JOHN KING SERVED AS THE SECRETARY OF EDUCATION IN 233 00:11:22,166 --> 00:11:26,666 THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION AND IS NOW THE C. E. O. AND PRESIDENT OF 234 00:11:26,700 --> 00:11:29,100 THE EDUCATION TRUST, A NON‐ PROFIT THAT WORKS WITH 235 00:11:29,133 --> 00:11:33,100 UNDERSERVED STUDENTS HE WORRIES WILL BE HURT THE MOST. 236 00:11:33,133 --> 00:11:37,133 BUDGET CUTS COULD CRIPPLE INSTITUTIONS LIKE THOSE IN THE 237 00:11:37,166 --> 00:11:40,166 CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK SYSTEM, KNOWN AS C. U. N. Y. 238 00:11:40,200 --> 00:11:45,100 >> King: I THINK A LOT ABOUT C. U. N. Y. PARTLY BECAUSE IT'S 239 00:11:45,133 --> 00:11:49,100 SUCH A POWERFUL ENGINE OF SOCIAL MOBILITY TODAY AND HAS BEEN FOR 240 00:11:49,133 --> 00:11:52,233 GENERATIONS, GENERATIONS OF LOW‐ INCOME FOLKS, GENERATIONS OF 241 00:11:52,266 --> 00:11:53,133 IMIGRANTS WHO THROUGH C. U. N. Y. 242 00:11:53,166 --> 00:11:56,800 HAVE GOTTEN ACCESS TO THE AMERICAN DREAM. 243 00:11:56,833 --> 00:11:58,166 >> Dickerson: THIS IS NOT JUST ABOUT THE NEXT SEMESTER OF 244 00:11:58,200 --> 00:11:59,566 COLLEGE? 245 00:11:59,600 --> 00:12:01,133 THIS IS ABOUT THE NEXT PHASE IN THE ECONOMY? 246 00:12:01,166 --> 00:12:04,133 >> King: ABSOLUTELY. 247 00:12:04,166 --> 00:12:09,066 WE‐‐ AS WE'VE MOVED TOWARDS AN INFORMATION ECONOMY, THE FUTURE 248 00:12:09,100 --> 00:12:12,533 JOBS THAT WILL PROVIDE A GOOD FAMILY‐SUSTAINING WAGE ARE JOBS 249 00:12:12,566 --> 00:12:13,766 THAT REQUIRE COLLEGE DEGREES. 250 00:12:13,800 --> 00:12:16,133 WE KNOW THAT EARNING A COLLEGE DEGREE ADDS A MILLION DOLLARS IN 251 00:12:16,166 --> 00:12:17,300 LIFETIME EARNINGS. 252 00:12:17,333 --> 00:12:20,866 >> Dickerson: AND IF THREE QUARTERS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS ARE 253 00:12:20,900 --> 00:12:23,566 GOING TO STATE INSTITUTIONS AND THOSE ARE FEELING PARTICULAR 254 00:12:23,600 --> 00:12:26,300 PRESSURE, THIS ECONOMIC CHALLENGE FOR COLLEGES 255 00:12:26,333 --> 00:12:28,200 EXACERBATES THE EXISTING ECONOMIC CHALLENGES IN THE 256 00:12:28,233 --> 00:12:31,733 AMERICAN WORKFORCE? 257 00:12:31,766 --> 00:12:36,500 >> King: IF WE MAKE CUTS TO HIGHER EDUCATION NOW, IF WE 258 00:12:36,533 --> 00:12:40,166 UNDERMINE PUBLIC HIGHER ED AS A DRIVER OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY 259 00:12:40,200 --> 00:12:44,400 WE WILL HURT THE ECONOMY FIVE, TEN, 15 YEARS OUT. 260 00:12:44,433 --> 00:12:46,166 >> Dickerson: THE INCOMING FRESHMEN THIS FALL, THE HIGH 261 00:12:46,200 --> 00:12:49,500 SCHOOL CLASS OF 2020, WERE DENIED THE PLEASURE OF BREAKING 262 00:12:49,533 --> 00:12:52,166 THE TAPE AT THE END OF A LONG MARATHON. 263 00:12:52,200 --> 00:12:56,533 LAWN SIGNS REPLACED GRADUATION DAY. 264 00:12:56,566 --> 00:13:00,533 THERE WERE A FEW INNOVATIVE CEREMONIES. 265 00:13:00,566 --> 00:13:04,166 CLOVER HIGH IN SOUTH CAROLINA RENTED OUT HOUND'S DRIVE‐IN 266 00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:07,066 THEATER TO HAND OUT DIPLOMAS TO DEPARTING SENIORS, SOME OF WHOM 267 00:13:07,100 --> 00:13:10,133 WILL BE ENTERING AN UNCERTAIN COLLEGIATE LANDSCAPE. 268 00:13:10,166 --> 00:13:15,300 AND THE STRUGGLE EXTENDS TO THOSE ALREADY IN COLLEGE, WHO 269 00:13:15,333 --> 00:13:19,333 ARE LABORING TO PAY TUITION AND ARE WEIGHED DOWN BY DEBT, LIKE 270 00:13:19,366 --> 00:13:22,133 20‐YEAR‐OLD KATHERINE TREJO OF ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA. 271 00:13:22,166 --> 00:13:25,066 THE DAUGHTER OF A SINGLE MOM FROM BOLIVIA, KATHERINE WAS 272 00:13:25,100 --> 00:13:28,200 SUPPOSED TO GRADUATE FROM GEORGE MASON NEXT YEAR. 273 00:13:28,233 --> 00:13:32,566 SHE IS THE FIRST PERSON IN HER FAMILY TO ATTEND COLLEGE. 274 00:13:32,600 --> 00:13:34,200 WAS IT ALWAYS THE EXPECTATION THAT YOU WOULD GO TO COLLEGE? 275 00:13:34,233 --> 00:13:37,100 >> Katherine Trejo: YES. 276 00:13:37,133 --> 00:13:39,000 MY MOM WANTS, WANTED ME TO BEGIN READING LAW BOOKS WHEN I WAS IN 277 00:13:39,033 --> 00:13:40,166 FOURTH GRADE. 278 00:13:40,200 --> 00:13:41,000 OBVIOUSLY, I... 279 00:13:41,033 --> 00:13:41,566 >> Dickerson: FOURTH GRADE? 280 00:13:41,600 --> 00:13:43,400 >> Trejo: YES. 281 00:13:43,433 --> 00:13:45,100 SHE WANTED, SHE'S BEEN PUSHING ME TO BE A LAWYER SINCE I WAS IN 282 00:13:45,133 --> 00:13:47,466 THE FOURTH GRADE. 283 00:13:47,500 --> 00:13:50,233 >> Dickerson: BUT KATHERINE LOST HER TWO JOBS THIS SPRING THAT 284 00:13:50,266 --> 00:13:53,300 HELPED HER FINANCE HER TUITION AND SUPPORT HER FAMILY. 285 00:13:53,333 --> 00:13:58,266 SHE HAS NO HEALTH INSURANCE, AND HAS $11,000 IN STUDENT DEBT. 286 00:13:58,300 --> 00:14:01,400 SO RIGHT NOW, YOU WON'T BE GOING BACK IN THE FALL? 287 00:14:01,433 --> 00:14:02,666 >> Trejo: AS IT STANDS, NO. 288 00:14:02,700 --> 00:14:05,666 >> Dickerson: SO WITH EVERYTHING YOU'RE FACING, COVID STILL GOING 289 00:14:05,700 --> 00:14:10,233 ON, THE ECONOMY HAS HIT YOUR FAMILY REALLY HARD, THAT DREAM 290 00:14:10,266 --> 00:14:12,366 THAT YOU'VE BEEN TALKING ABOUT FOR YOURSELF AND YOUR FAMILY, DO 291 00:14:12,400 --> 00:14:14,233 YOU FEEL LIKE THAT'S SLIPPING AWAY? 292 00:14:14,266 --> 00:14:17,266 >> Trejo: YEAH. 293 00:14:17,300 --> 00:14:18,466 I WORRY ABOUT IT EVERY DAY. 294 00:14:18,500 --> 00:14:22,200 JUST, SOMETIMES I GET REALLY OVERWHELMED, AND I DO FEEL LIKE 295 00:14:22,233 --> 00:14:23,400 THE DREAM IS SLIPPING AWAY. 296 00:14:23,433 --> 00:14:25,300 >> Dickerson: WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF YOU DIDN'T GRADUATE FROM 297 00:14:25,333 --> 00:14:26,200 COLLEGE? 298 00:14:26,233 --> 00:14:28,700 >> Trejo: THAT'S NOT AN OPTION. 299 00:14:28,733 --> 00:14:29,900 IT'S JUST NOT AN OPTION. 300 00:14:29,933 --> 00:14:34,266 I VALUE EDUCATION A LOT, AND WHETHER IT'LL TAKE ME FIVE YEARS 301 00:14:34,300 --> 00:14:37,666 OR ANOTHER TEN YEARS TO GET IT, BUT IT'S JUST NOT AN OPTION TO 302 00:14:37,700 --> 00:14:38,833 NOT GO BACK. 303 00:14:38,866 --> 00:14:41,733 >> Dickerson: THAT IS THE KIND OF DETERMINATION THAT SPURS 304 00:14:41,766 --> 00:14:45,433 UNIVERSITIES TO REOPEN. 305 00:14:45,466 --> 00:14:49,366 AND WHEN THE COVID‐19 CHALLENGE IS OVER, SCHOOLS WILL RETURN TO 306 00:14:49,400 --> 00:14:53,300 THE PREVIOUS TEST THEY FACED: FINDING A WAY TO MAKE EDUCATION 307 00:14:53,333 --> 00:14:58,233 AVAILABLE TO ENOUGH STUDENTS SO THAT AMERICA CAN STILL BE CALLED 308 00:14:58,266 --> 00:15:00,500 THE LAND OF OPPORTUNITY. 309 00:15:04,366 --> 00:15:05,766 >> HOW THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH 310 00:15:05,800 --> 00:15:10,566 CAROLINA IS PREPARING FOR FALL SPORTS AT 60MINUTESOVERTIME.COM. 311 00:15:10,600 --> 00:15:12,800 SPONSORED BY COROGARD. 312 00:15:17,366 --> 00:15:19,900 >> Pelley: THE DEATH OF GEORGE FLOYD, IN THE HANDS OF 313 00:15:19,933 --> 00:15:23,500 MINNEAPOLIS POLICE, CAME ON MEMORIAL DAY. 314 00:15:23,533 --> 00:15:28,866 99 YEARS BEFORE, THAT SAME WEEK, BLACK AMERICANS SUFFERED A 315 00:15:28,900 --> 00:15:30,333 MASSACRE. 316 00:15:30,366 --> 00:15:34,333 IN THE DAYS AFTER WORLD WAR I, A NEIGHBORHOOD IN TULSA, OKLAHOMA, 317 00:15:34,366 --> 00:15:38,666 CALLED GREENWOOD WAS AMONG THE WEALTHIEST BLACK COMMUNITIES. 318 00:15:38,700 --> 00:15:42,666 OIL MADE GREENWOOD RICH, BUT JEALOUSY MADE IT SUFFER. 319 00:15:42,700 --> 00:15:47,900 IN 1921, A WHITE MOB, WITH INCENDIARY RAGE, BURNED 320 00:15:47,933 --> 00:15:50,266 GREENWOOD TO ASH. 321 00:15:50,300 --> 00:15:54,100 EVEN MEMORIES WERE MURDERED WHEN THE DEAD WERE DROPPED INTO 322 00:15:54,133 --> 00:15:55,133 UNMARKED GRAVES. 323 00:15:55,166 --> 00:15:58,266 LAST DECEMBER, BEFORE THE PANDEMIC, WE FOUND TULSA 324 00:15:58,300 --> 00:16:03,366 PREPARING TO EMBRACE A RECKONING, WITH A PLAN TO EXHUME 325 00:16:03,400 --> 00:16:06,666 THE TRUTH AND RAISE THE DEAD. 326 00:16:06,700 --> 00:16:12,933 >> John Franklin: THE COMMUNITY THAT IS GREENWOOD HAS THRIVING 327 00:16:12,966 --> 00:16:14,733 BUSINESSES, PROFESSIONAL OFFICES, DOCTORS, LAWYERS, 328 00:16:14,766 --> 00:16:18,633 DENTISTS. 329 00:16:18,666 --> 00:16:21,633 >> Pelley: JOHN W. FRANKLIN SPEAKS OF GREENWOOD IN THE 330 00:16:21,666 --> 00:16:23,433 PRESENT TENSE. 331 00:16:23,466 --> 00:16:26,400 >> Franklin: GREENWOOD IS THE NEXUS OF THAT AFRICAN AMERICAN 332 00:16:26,433 --> 00:16:27,633 COMMUNITY. 333 00:16:27,666 --> 00:16:31,400 >> Pelley: PERHAPS BECAUSE HE STUDIED GREENWOOD IN 32 YEARS AS 334 00:16:31,433 --> 00:16:34,833 A HISTORIAN AT THE SMITHSONIAN, OR LIKELY BECAUSE GREENWOOD IS 335 00:16:34,866 --> 00:16:39,033 PERSONAL. 336 00:16:39,066 --> 00:16:42,766 >> Franklin: AND MY GRANDFATHER MOVES HERE FROM RENTIESVILLE IN 337 00:16:42,800 --> 00:16:43,900 FEBRUARY 1921. 338 00:16:43,933 --> 00:16:46,366 AND HE'S THE FIRST PERSON IN THE FAMILY TO GO TO COLLEGE. 339 00:16:46,400 --> 00:16:49,966 BUCK COLBERT FRANKLIN. 340 00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:52,366 >> Pelley: BUCK COLBERT FRANKLIN WAS A LAWYER WHO CHASED HIS 341 00:16:52,400 --> 00:16:55,266 DREAM TO A PROMISED LAND. 342 00:16:55,300 --> 00:16:59,066 BOOKER T. WASHINGTON NAMED GREENWOOD "“NEGRO WALL STREET."” 343 00:16:59,100 --> 00:17:03,266 BECAUSE THE DISTRICT WAS LINED WITH BLACK‐OWNED SHOPS, 344 00:17:03,300 --> 00:17:10,366 RESTAURANTS, TWO NEWSPAPERS, A 54‐ROOM GRAND HOTEL, A HOSPITAL 345 00:17:10,400 --> 00:17:11,566 AND THE DREAMLAND THEATER WHICH WOULD SOON BOAST AIR 346 00:17:11,600 --> 00:17:15,233 CONDITIONING. 347 00:17:15,266 --> 00:17:19,233 BUT ON THE DAY AFTER MEMORIAL DAY, 1921, BUCK FRANKLIN AWOKE 348 00:17:19,266 --> 00:17:22,366 TO FEARFUL NEWS. 349 00:17:22,400 --> 00:17:24,866 >> Franklin: HE HEARS THAT THERE'S TO BE POSSIBLY A 350 00:17:24,900 --> 00:17:26,600 LYNCHING. 351 00:17:26,633 --> 00:17:28,366 THERE'S THIS BLACK MAN WHO'S BEEN CAUGHT WITH THIS WHITE 352 00:17:28,400 --> 00:17:31,233 WOMAN IN THE ELEVATOR. 353 00:17:31,266 --> 00:17:34,366 AND THE NEWSPAPERS ARE SAYING, READ ALL ABOUT IT. 354 00:17:34,400 --> 00:17:36,766 EXTRA, EXTRA, READ ALL ABOUT IT. 355 00:17:36,800 --> 00:17:38,866 >> Pelley: TULSA'S WHITE NEWSPAPERS TOLD OF A BLACK 356 00:17:38,900 --> 00:17:43,233 TEENAGER WHO ALLEGEDLY ATTACKED A WHITE FEMALE ELEVATOR 357 00:17:43,266 --> 00:17:45,533 OPERATOR. 358 00:17:45,566 --> 00:17:50,300 AT THE JAIL, A LYNCH MOB DEMANDED THE PRISONER. 359 00:17:50,333 --> 00:17:52,400 BLACK VETERANS OF WORLD WAR I ARRIVED TO SHIELD THE DEFENDANT 360 00:17:52,433 --> 00:17:55,266 FOR HIS DAY IN COURT. 361 00:17:55,300 --> 00:17:58,400 A SHOT WAS FIRED. 362 00:17:58,433 --> 00:18:01,800 AND, IN A RUNNING GUN BATTLE, THE MOB CHASED THE BLACK VETS TO 363 00:18:01,833 --> 00:18:03,266 GREENWOOD. 364 00:18:03,300 --> 00:18:07,066 ONE OF THE MOMENTS DURING THE RIOT THAT YOUR GRANDFATHER WROTE 365 00:18:07,100 --> 00:18:08,266 ABOUT WAS THIS. 366 00:18:08,300 --> 00:18:12,733 "ON THEY RUSHED, WHOOPING TO THE TOPS OF THEIR VOICES, FIRING 367 00:18:12,766 --> 00:18:15,266 THEIR GUNS EVERY STEP THEY TOOK." 368 00:18:15,300 --> 00:18:19,266 WHAT IS IT LIKE FOR YOU TO READ THOSE WORDS TODAY? 369 00:18:19,300 --> 00:18:25,666 >> Franklin: HE TOO WAS TRAUMATIZED BY SEEING PEOPLE 370 00:18:25,700 --> 00:18:27,233 BEING SHOT IN FRONT OF HIS EYES. 371 00:18:27,266 --> 00:18:32,433 HE DESCRIBES A WOMAN WHO'S TRYING TO FIND HER CHILD WHO'S 372 00:18:32,466 --> 00:18:34,366 RUN IN FRONT OF HER, AND SHE'S UNAFRAID OF THE BULLETS RAINING 373 00:18:34,400 --> 00:18:39,233 DOWN, BECAUSE HER CONCERN IS TO FIND HER CHILD. 374 00:18:39,266 --> 00:18:43,233 >> Pelley: WHAT BEGAN AS AN ATTEMPTED LYNCHING AT THE JAIL 375 00:18:43,266 --> 00:18:46,400 ERUPTED INTO A MASSACRE. 376 00:18:46,433 --> 00:18:50,133 FROM A HIGH GRAIN ELEVATOR, A MACHINE GUN LAID FIRE ON 377 00:18:50,166 --> 00:18:51,133 GREENWOOD AVENUE. 378 00:18:51,166 --> 00:18:52,400 >> Franklin: WHERE'S THE FIRE DEPARTMENT? 379 00:18:52,433 --> 00:18:55,300 WHERE'S THE POLICE WHEN WE NEED THEM? 380 00:18:55,333 --> 00:18:58,400 WE'RE PART OF A CITY. 381 00:18:58,433 --> 00:18:59,433 THIS IS NOT SOME SMALL TOWN. 382 00:18:59,466 --> 00:19:05,366 THIS IS A CITY OF WEALTH AND ORDER, AND GOVERNANCE. 383 00:19:05,400 --> 00:19:08,466 IT IS NOW BEEN TAKEN OVER BY A MOB. 384 00:19:08,500 --> 00:19:11,266 >> Pelley: THE POLICE JOINED THE MOB. 385 00:19:11,300 --> 00:19:14,700 NATIONAL GUARD TROOPS PRESSED THE ATTACK AGAINST WHAT ONE 386 00:19:14,733 --> 00:19:19,266 GUARD OFFICER CALLED "“THE ENEMY." 387 00:19:19,300 --> 00:19:22,366 QUOTES FROM EYEWITNESSES INCLUD"“ OLD WOMEN AND MEN, CHILDREN 388 00:19:22,400 --> 00:19:27,266 WERE RUNNING AND SCREAMING EVERY WHERE." 389 00:19:27,300 --> 00:19:31,233 A DEPUTY SHERIFF REPORTED A BLACK MAN DRAGGED BEHIND A CAR,"“ 390 00:19:31,266 --> 00:19:34,366 HIS HEAD WAS BEING BASHED IN, THE DEPUTY SAID, BOUNCING ON THE 391 00:19:34,400 --> 00:19:39,233 STEEL RAILS AND BRICKS." 392 00:19:39,266 --> 00:19:42,966 BUT WHAT HAPPENED NEXT MAY HAVE FRIGHTENED BUCK FRANKLIN EVEN 393 00:19:43,000 --> 00:19:44,133 MORE. 394 00:19:44,166 --> 00:19:47,300 >> Franklin: AND HE HEARS PLANES CIRCLING AND SEES ROOFS OF 395 00:19:47,333 --> 00:19:51,300 BUILDINGS CATCHING FIRE. 396 00:19:51,333 --> 00:19:54,633 AND THESE ARE FROM TURPENTINE BALLS, BURNING TURPENTINE BALLS 397 00:19:54,666 --> 00:19:55,766 DROPPED FROM PLANES. 398 00:19:55,800 --> 00:19:58,733 >> Robert Turner: THE FIRST TIME IN AMERICAN HISTORY THAT 399 00:19:58,766 --> 00:20:03,266 AIRPLANES WERE USED TO TERRORIZE AMERICA WAS NOT IN 9/11, WAS NOT 400 00:20:03,300 --> 00:20:04,400 AT PEARL HARBOR. 401 00:20:04,433 --> 00:20:07,266 IT WAS RIGHT HERE IN THE GREENWOOD DISTRICT. 402 00:20:07,300 --> 00:20:11,266 >> Pelley: REVEREND ROBERT TURNER'S VERNON A.M.E. CHURCH 403 00:20:11,300 --> 00:20:19,266 WAS AMONG AT LEAST FIVE CHURCHES BURNED, ALONG WITH 1,200 HOMES. 404 00:20:19,300 --> 00:20:22,400 A PHOTO WAS CRUDELY AND IMPERFECTLY HAND‐LETTERED AT THE 405 00:20:22,433 --> 00:20:26,566 TIME, "“RUNNING THE NEGRO OUT OF TULSA."” 406 00:20:26,600 --> 00:20:28,366 >> Turner: 36‐ODD SQUARE BLOCKS, CITY BLOCKS, WERE DESTROYED. 407 00:20:28,400 --> 00:20:33,033 AND BEFORE THEY DESTROYED IT, THEY LOOTED. 408 00:20:33,066 --> 00:20:34,366 THEY TOOK NICE FURNITURE, MONEY. 409 00:20:34,400 --> 00:20:38,166 >> Pelley: WHEN THE BLACK HOSPITAL BURNED, WHITE HOSPITALS 410 00:20:38,200 --> 00:20:41,933 REFUSED TO TAKE GREENWOOD'S WOUNDED. 411 00:20:41,966 --> 00:20:43,266 THOSE WHO BLED TO DEATH INCLUDED GREENWOOD'S MOST PROMINENT 412 00:20:43,300 --> 00:20:46,200 SURGEON. 413 00:20:46,233 --> 00:20:50,000 ULTIMATELY, ONE HOSPITAL DID MAKE SPACE IN ITS BASEMENT FOR 414 00:20:50,033 --> 00:20:51,300 BLACK CASUALTIES. 415 00:20:51,333 --> 00:20:55,533 THE NUMBER OF DEAD IS ESTIMATED BETWEEN 150 AND 300. 416 00:20:55,566 --> 00:21:03,300 SURVIVORS INCLUDED 10,000 NOW‐ HOMELESS AFRICAN AMERICANS. 417 00:21:03,333 --> 00:21:07,300 6,000 OF THEM WERE HERDED INTO INTERNMENT CAMPS, AND THEN 418 00:21:07,333 --> 00:21:09,000 RELEASED WEEKS LATER. 419 00:21:09,033 --> 00:21:11,266 >> Turner: I DON'T KNOW HOW THEY DID IT. 420 00:21:11,300 --> 00:21:15,266 BUT THE FOLLOWING SUNDAY AFTER THE MASSACRE, THEY CAME AND 421 00:21:15,300 --> 00:21:16,400 WORSHIPPED IN OUR BASEMENT. 422 00:21:16,433 --> 00:21:22,033 AND THAT'S THE SAME BASEMENT THAT WE HAVE TODAY. 423 00:21:22,066 --> 00:21:24,700 >> Pelley: THE DEATH OF A BLACK MAN AT THE HANDS OF POLICE IS, 424 00:21:24,733 --> 00:21:27,166 TODAY, SHOUTED INTO THE NATIONAL MEMORY. 425 00:21:27,200 --> 00:21:31,266 THANKS TO ALL OF YOU FOR BEING HERE. 426 00:21:31,300 --> 00:21:34,833 BUT IN 1921, IT REMAINED POSSIBLE TO ERASE A GENOCIDE. 427 00:21:34,866 --> 00:21:39,733 >> Wright: I GREW UP ATTENDING SEGREGATED TULSA PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 428 00:21:39,766 --> 00:21:43,700 NEVER IN ANY OF THE SCHOOLS WAS ANYTHING EVER SAID ABOUT IT. 429 00:21:43,733 --> 00:21:47,300 >> Pelley: THE CONGREGATION OF VERNON A.M.E. CHURCH IS 430 00:21:47,333 --> 00:21:52,433 TWO GENERATIONS BEYOND 1921, BUT THEY TOO WERE VICTIMIZED. 431 00:21:52,466 --> 00:21:55,133 THIS WAS NOT TAUGHT IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS? 432 00:21:55,166 --> 00:21:56,100 >> Wright: NO. 433 00:21:56,133 --> 00:21:58,200 >> Pelley: YOU NEVER HEARD ABOUT THIS IN CLASS? 434 00:21:58,233 --> 00:21:59,466 >> Wright: YOU NEVER HEARD A WORD ABOUT IT. 435 00:21:59,500 --> 00:22:03,300 >> Damario Solomon‐Simmons: WHEN I WENT TO O. U. IN 1998, I WAS 436 00:22:03,333 --> 00:22:06,400 SITTING IN A CLASS OF AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY. 437 00:22:06,433 --> 00:22:09,533 AND THE PROFESSOR WAS TALKING ABOUT THIS PLACE WHERE BLACK 438 00:22:09,566 --> 00:22:11,300 PEOPLE HAD BUSINESSES AND HAD MONEY AND HAD DOCTORS AND 439 00:22:11,333 --> 00:22:13,466 LAWYERS. 440 00:22:13,500 --> 00:22:14,866 AND HE SAID IT WAS IN TULSA. 441 00:22:14,900 --> 00:22:19,300 AND I RAISED MY HAND, I SAID, "NO, I'M FROM TULSA. 442 00:22:19,333 --> 00:22:21,533 THAT'S NOT ACCURATE." 443 00:22:21,566 --> 00:22:23,266 AND HE WAS TALKING ABOUT THIS MASSACRE RIOT. 444 00:22:23,300 --> 00:22:25,900 I SAID, "MAN, WHAT ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT?" 445 00:22:25,933 --> 00:22:27,400 I SAID, "I WENT TO SCHOOL IN GREENWOOD. 446 00:22:27,433 --> 00:22:28,566 I'VE NEVER HEARD OF THIS EVER." 447 00:22:28,600 --> 00:22:32,400 >> Pelley: HOW MANY PEOPLE WERE ARRESTED, TRIED, FOR WHAT 448 00:22:32,433 --> 00:22:34,400 HAPPENED IN GREENWOOD? 449 00:22:34,433 --> 00:22:35,566 >> Franklin: NO ONE. 450 00:22:35,600 --> 00:22:39,433 >> Pelley: 200 OR 300 PEOPLE MURDERED, AN ENTIRE COMMUNITY 451 00:22:39,466 --> 00:22:42,866 BURNED TO THE GROUND, AND THE POLICE WERE UNABLE TO FIND A 452 00:22:42,900 --> 00:22:43,600 SINGLE PERSON. 453 00:22:43,633 --> 00:22:46,366 >> Franklin: IT'S A REAL TRAGEDY. 454 00:22:46,400 --> 00:22:51,266 ALL THE THOUSANDS OF CLAIMS THAT WERE FILED BY AFRICAN AMERICANS, 455 00:22:51,300 --> 00:22:55,266 NOT A ONE‐‐ NOT A ONE INSURANCE COMPANY PAID THEIR CLAIM. 456 00:22:55,300 --> 00:22:57,100 AND OUR CHURCH WAS INCLUDED. 457 00:22:57,133 --> 00:23:00,466 >> Pelley: NO INSURANCE HONORED FOR BLACK TULSANS, NO ARRESTS 458 00:23:00,500 --> 00:23:03,233 MADE, NO COMPLETE COUNT OF THE DEAD. 459 00:23:03,266 --> 00:23:10,366 THE SALVATION ARMY RECORDED ONLY THAT IT FED 37 GRAVE DIGGERS. 460 00:23:10,400 --> 00:23:14,900 THE NAMELESS WERE BURIED IN UNMARKED GRAVES WHILE THEIR 461 00:23:14,933 --> 00:23:18,866 FAMILIES WERE LOCKED DOWN IN THE INTERNMENT CAMPS. 462 00:23:18,900 --> 00:23:20,800 I WONDER IF THERE ARE ANY DOUBTS IN THIS ROOM ABOUT WHETHER THERE 463 00:23:20,833 --> 00:23:22,333 ARE MASS GRAVES IN TULSA, OKLAHOMA. 464 00:23:22,366 --> 00:23:26,133 NO DOUBTS? 465 00:23:26,166 --> 00:23:27,300 >> MY GREAT GRANDMOTHER. 466 00:23:27,333 --> 00:23:31,200 >> Pelley: ORAL HISTORIES, PASSED DOWN GENERATIONS, POINTED 467 00:23:31,233 --> 00:23:34,333 TO AT LEAST FOUR SITES OF POSSIBLE MASS GRAVES. 468 00:23:34,366 --> 00:23:39,200 >> Bynum: AS A MAYOR, I VIEW IT AS A HOMICIDE INVESTIGATION. 469 00:23:39,233 --> 00:23:43,200 >> Pelley: G. T. BYNUM IS TULSA'S REPUBLICAN MAYOR. 470 00:23:43,233 --> 00:23:46,366 IN 2018, HE ORDERED AN INVESTIGATION OF ALL REMAINING 471 00:23:46,400 --> 00:23:50,933 EVIDENCE. 472 00:23:50,966 --> 00:23:55,233 >> Bynum: WHAT YOU HAVE IS A CASE OF LAW AND CIVIL ORDER 473 00:23:55,266 --> 00:23:59,300 BEING OVERRUN BY PEOPLE WHO WERE FILLED WITH HATRED. 474 00:23:59,333 --> 00:24:03,533 WE BELIEVE AT THE END OF THIS ROAD WE'RE WALKING DOWN RIGHT 475 00:24:03,566 --> 00:24:09,266 NOW IS ONE OF THE SITES WHERE WE FOUND AN ANOMALY. 476 00:24:09,300 --> 00:24:12,666 >> Pelley: "“ANOMALIES"” OF DISTURBED EARTH SHOWED UP IN THE 477 00:24:12,700 --> 00:24:15,100 STUDIES OF SCOTT HAMMERSTEDT. 478 00:24:15,133 --> 00:24:15,766 THAT'S NOT A MOWER. 479 00:24:15,800 --> 00:24:17,600 IT'S GROUND‐PENETRATING RADAR. 480 00:24:17,633 --> 00:24:19,366 >> Hammerstedt: AND RIGHT HERE IS THE ANOMALY. 481 00:24:19,400 --> 00:24:22,333 >> Pelley: HE'S A SENIOR RESEARCHER AT THE OKLAHOMA 482 00:24:22,366 --> 00:24:24,366 ARCHEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 483 00:24:24,400 --> 00:24:27,233 THE ANOMALIES THAT WE'RE LOOKING AT, WHAT ARE THOSE? 484 00:24:27,266 --> 00:24:30,600 >> Hammerstedt: IT'S JUST CONTRAST BETWEEN THE SURROUNDING 485 00:24:30,633 --> 00:24:33,100 SOIL THAT'S UNDISTURBED AND THEN THIS SOIL THAT HAS BEEN 486 00:24:33,133 --> 00:24:34,366 DISTURBED. 487 00:24:34,400 --> 00:24:38,066 >> Pelley: SO WE'RE NOT SEEING, IN THESE IMAGES, HUMAN REMAINS? 488 00:24:38,100 --> 00:24:39,000 >> Hammerstedt: NO, NO. 489 00:24:39,033 --> 00:24:39,766 IT'S DEFINITELY NOT LIKE C.S.I. 490 00:24:39,800 --> 00:24:42,500 YOU DON'T SEE INDIVIDUAL SKELETONS. 491 00:24:42,533 --> 00:24:44,800 YOU JUST SEE DISTURBANCES AND CONTRASTS, WHICH IS WHY YOU 492 00:24:44,833 --> 00:24:46,400 CAN'T REALLY SAY NECESSARILY THAT FOR SURE IT'S A COMMON 493 00:24:46,433 --> 00:24:47,266 GRAVE. 494 00:24:47,300 --> 00:24:49,533 BUT IT'S VERY CONSISTENT WITH ONE. 495 00:24:49,566 --> 00:24:52,366 >> Bynum: OF COURSE THERE'S ANY NUMBER OF THINGS IT COULD BE. 496 00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:55,266 THAT'S ALWAYS THE THING I HAVE TO REMIND MYSELF. 497 00:24:55,300 --> 00:24:57,266 >> Pelley: AND THERE'S ONLY ONE WAY TO FIND OUT? 498 00:24:57,300 --> 00:24:58,100 >> Bynum: THAT IS EXACTLY RIGHT. 499 00:24:58,133 --> 00:24:58,533 WE HAVE TO DIG. 500 00:24:58,566 --> 00:25:01,233 WE HAVE TO DIG. 501 00:25:01,266 --> 00:25:05,466 >> Phoebe Stubblefield: BUT WE DON'T KNOW WHAT'S UNDERNEATH. 502 00:25:05,500 --> 00:25:09,333 >> Pelley: A TEN‐DAY TEST EXCAVATION IS SCHEDULED TO BEGIN 503 00:25:09,366 --> 00:25:11,233 IN JULY, LED BY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA FORENSIC ANTHROPOLOGIST 504 00:25:11,266 --> 00:25:14,666 PHOEBE STUBBLEFIELD. 505 00:25:14,700 --> 00:25:18,700 SHE'LL INVESTIGATE CAUSE OF DEATH, BUT IT'S COMPLICATED, 506 00:25:18,733 --> 00:25:22,366 BECAUSE OF THE SPANISH FLU PANDEMIC FROM THE SAME PERIOD. 507 00:25:22,400 --> 00:25:25,866 SO, JUST BECAUSE YOU FIND A BURIAL SITE, IT DOESN'T 508 00:25:25,900 --> 00:25:28,366 NECESSARILY MEAN THAT IT'S FROM THE MASSACRE. 509 00:25:28,400 --> 00:25:30,433 >> Stubblefield: CORRECT. 510 00:25:30,466 --> 00:25:34,066 AND SO, I'M INTERESTED IN MARKERS, LIKE SIGNS OF VIOLENCE 511 00:25:34,100 --> 00:25:36,133 OR ANY KIND OF BALLISTIC INJURIES OR CHOP INJURIES. 512 00:25:36,166 --> 00:25:38,400 >> Pelley: CAN YOU RETRIEVE D. N. A.? 513 00:25:38,433 --> 00:25:40,333 >> Stubblefield: IF IT'S A GOOD PRESERVATION STATE, THERE'S A 514 00:25:40,366 --> 00:25:43,200 HIGH PROBABILITY. 515 00:25:43,233 --> 00:25:46,733 >> Pelley: WOULD IT BE POSSIBLE, IN YOUR OPINION, TO ACTUALLY 516 00:25:46,766 --> 00:25:49,400 IDENTIFY SOME OF THESE PEOPLE? 517 00:25:49,433 --> 00:25:52,400 >> Stubblefield: WE COULD TRY FOR GENEALOGICAL MATCHES. 518 00:25:52,433 --> 00:25:57,133 SO, IF WE HAD PEOPLE NOW WHO SAY, "OH, I'M MISSING A RELATIVE 519 00:25:57,166 --> 00:26:03,066 FROM THAT TIME PERIOD, HERE'S MY D. N. A.," THEN WE CAN MAKE 520 00:26:03,100 --> 00:26:05,000 MATCHES THROUGH SIMILAR MARKERS AND DO THE GENEALOGICAL MATCHES. 521 00:26:05,033 --> 00:26:08,466 >> Pelley: THERE'S A LONG LEGACY FROM 1921. 522 00:26:08,500 --> 00:26:09,866 TULSA IS STILL ONE OF THE MOST SEGREGATED CITIES IN THE 523 00:26:09,900 --> 00:26:10,733 COUNTRY. 524 00:26:10,766 --> 00:26:13,600 >> Bynum: YES. 525 00:26:13,633 --> 00:26:15,700 >> Pelley: THE NORTH PART OF TULSA IS BLACK, THE SOUTH PART 526 00:26:15,733 --> 00:26:21,866 IS WHITE, AND THE TWAIN DON'T MEET VERY MUCH. 527 00:26:21,900 --> 00:26:25,833 >> Bynum: RIGHT, BECAUSE OF THE HISTORY OF RACIAL DISPARITY THAT 528 00:26:25,866 --> 00:26:27,033 EXISTS IN OUR CITY. 529 00:26:27,066 --> 00:26:30,633 A KID THAT'S GROWING UP IN THE PREDOMINANTLY AFRICAN AMERICAN 530 00:26:30,666 --> 00:26:33,166 PART OF OUR CITY IS EXPECTED TO LIVE 11 YEARS LESS THAN A KID 531 00:26:33,200 --> 00:26:34,733 THAT'S GROWING UP IN A WHITER PART OF THE CITY. 532 00:26:34,766 --> 00:26:38,066 AND BY THE WAY, TULSA'S NOT UNIQUE IN THAT REGARD. 533 00:26:38,100 --> 00:26:41,933 YOU SEE DISPARITIES LIKE THAT IN MAJOR CITIES ALL AROUND AMERICA. 534 00:26:41,966 --> 00:26:45,900 >> Pelley: THE TEST EXCAVATION IS EXPECTED TO DISCOVER WHETHER 535 00:26:45,933 --> 00:26:47,033 THERE ARE HUMAN REMAINS. 536 00:26:47,066 --> 00:26:54,400 NEXT STEPS WOULD INCLUDE RECOVERY AND THE QUESTION OF HOW 537 00:26:54,433 --> 00:26:57,900 TO HONOR THOSE WHO HAVE WAITED NEARLY 100 YEARS FOR JUSTICE. 538 00:26:57,933 --> 00:27:02,700 >> Franklin: HOW DO YOU COMMEMORATE AN EVENT THAT GIVES 539 00:27:02,733 --> 00:27:08,800 DIGNITY AND HONOR TO THE PEOPLE WHO'VE BEEN LOST? 540 00:27:08,833 --> 00:27:13,066 >> Pelley: WE HAVE TAKEN IN RECENT DECADES IN OUR MEMORIALS 541 00:27:13,100 --> 00:27:15,866 TO ETCH THE NAMES OF EVERY SINGLE PERSON WHO WAS LOST. 542 00:27:15,900 --> 00:27:18,733 THE 9/11 MEMORIAL, THE VIETNAM MEMORIAL. 543 00:27:18,766 --> 00:27:21,866 THAT'S NOT GOING TO BE POSSIBLE HERE. 544 00:27:21,900 --> 00:27:22,733 WE DON'T KNOW THE NAMES. 545 00:27:22,766 --> 00:27:26,733 >> Franklin: WE DON'T KNOW THE NAMES. 546 00:27:26,766 --> 00:27:29,966 AND‐‐ YOU'RE GOING TO HAVE TO DO SOME KIND OF‐‐ YOU KNOW‐‐ WE 547 00:27:30,000 --> 00:27:33,866 HAVE THE TOMB OF THE UNKNOWN SOLDIER. 548 00:27:33,900 --> 00:27:39,833 SO, IT HAS TO BE SOMETHING THAT IS REPRESENTATIVE OF LOST SOULS, 549 00:27:39,866 --> 00:27:43,500 LOST IN ANONYMITY. 550 00:27:43,533 --> 00:27:46,566 SOMETHING LIKE THAT WILL HAVE TO BE PLANNED. 551 00:27:56,666 --> 00:27:58,633 >> O'Donnell: THIS IS A STORY 552 00:27:58,666 --> 00:28:02,133 ABOUT A SMALL FEDERAL AGENCY MOST AMERICANS HAVE NEVER HEARD 553 00:28:02,166 --> 00:28:05,433 OF, CALLED THE MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD. 554 00:28:05,466 --> 00:28:09,500 IT'S MEANT TO GIVE TWO MILLION FEDERAL CIVIL SERVICE WORKERS, 555 00:28:09,533 --> 00:28:12,733 INCLUDING WHISTLEBLOWERS, A PLACE TO APPEAL, SHOULD THEY BE 556 00:28:12,766 --> 00:28:14,933 DISCIPLINED, DEMOTED OR FIRED. 557 00:28:14,966 --> 00:28:17,833 IT'S NOT THAT THE BOARD IS WORKING POORLY, BUT THAT THE 558 00:28:17,866 --> 00:28:19,366 BOARD IS NOT WORKING AT ALL. 559 00:28:19,400 --> 00:28:23,600 SINCE 2017, IT HAS LACKED ENOUGH MEMBERS TO PASS JUDGEMENT ON ANY 560 00:28:23,633 --> 00:28:26,200 APPEALS, AND FOR WELL OVER A YEAR, THE BOARD HAS HAD NO ONE 561 00:28:26,233 --> 00:28:30,900 ON IT, LEAVING THREE EMPTY CHAIRS AND A BACKLOG OF CASES 562 00:28:30,933 --> 00:28:33,500 THAT'S NOW IN THE THOUSANDS. 563 00:28:33,533 --> 00:28:37,633 HALF A MILE NORTH OF THE WHITE HOUSE, STANDS THE UNMARKED 564 00:28:37,666 --> 00:28:39,500 HEADQUARTERS OF THE MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD, OR 565 00:28:39,533 --> 00:28:42,266 M.S.P.B. 566 00:28:42,300 --> 00:28:45,500 WE GOT PERMISSION TO VISIT IN EARLY FEBRUARY, BEFORE COVID‐19 567 00:28:45,533 --> 00:28:49,766 MADE WORKING FROM HOME THE NORM. 568 00:28:49,800 --> 00:28:53,466 ABOUT 100 STAFFERS WERE THERE, ANALYZING PETITIONS FROM BOTH 569 00:28:53,500 --> 00:28:57,500 FEDERAL WORKERS AND AGENCIES ABOUT EMPLOYMENT DISPUTES. 570 00:28:57,533 --> 00:29:01,866 CASES THAT WOULD USUALLY MAKE THEIR WAY TO THE BOARD FOR A 571 00:29:01,900 --> 00:29:03,466 FINAL RULING WERE INSTEAD GOING INTO STORAGE, BECAUSE THE 572 00:29:03,500 --> 00:29:08,566 CHAIRMAN'S SPACIOUS OFFICE SUITE, AS WELL AS THE VICE‐ 573 00:29:08,600 --> 00:29:12,766 CHAIRMAN'S, AND ANOTHER FOR THE THIRD AND FINAL MEMBER OF THE 574 00:29:12,800 --> 00:29:14,233 BOARD, WERE ALL EMPTY. 575 00:29:14,266 --> 00:29:15,500 AND NOT BECAUSE OF THE PANDEMIC. 576 00:29:15,533 --> 00:29:18,400 >> TODAY WE'RE ALSO CONSIDERING THREE CANDIDATES FOR APPOINTMENT 577 00:29:18,433 --> 00:29:21,466 TO THE MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD. 578 00:29:21,500 --> 00:29:25,166 >> O'Donnell: PRESIDENT TRUMP HAS NOMINATED PEOPLE TO FILL ALL 579 00:29:25,200 --> 00:29:27,466 THREE OPEN POSITIONS, BUT THE NOMINATIONS HAVE LANGUISHED IN 580 00:29:27,500 --> 00:29:30,233 THE SENATE, AWAITING CONFIRMATION. 581 00:29:30,266 --> 00:29:33,500 >> Jim Eisenmann: WITHOUT A BOARD, WITHOUT AT LEAST TWO 582 00:29:33,533 --> 00:29:37,533 BOARD MEMBERS, WE'RE LOST. 583 00:29:37,566 --> 00:29:39,500 >> O'Donnell: FROM 2010 TO 2018, JIM EISENMANN WORKED FOR THE 584 00:29:39,533 --> 00:29:42,300 CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD, AS GENERAL COUNSEL AND EXECUTIVE 585 00:29:42,333 --> 00:29:44,433 DIRECTOR. 586 00:29:44,466 --> 00:29:45,900 THE MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD‐‐ WHY SHOULD AMERICANS 587 00:29:45,933 --> 00:29:48,100 KNOW OR CARE WHAT THAT IS? 588 00:29:48,133 --> 00:29:51,500 >> Eisenmann: THIS AGENCY IS THERE TO HELP AND PROTECT 589 00:29:51,533 --> 00:29:57,500 FEDERAL EMPLOYEES FROM BOTH BAD SUPERVISORS AND POOR PERFORMERS, 590 00:29:57,533 --> 00:30:01,066 AND ALL YOU NEED IS ONE BAD EMPLOYEE, ONE BAD SUPERVISOR, 591 00:30:01,100 --> 00:30:03,500 FOR THINGS TO GO AMUCK IN ANY FEDERAL AGENCY. 592 00:30:03,533 --> 00:30:06,266 AND IF YOU'RE GETTING YOUR BENEFITS, YOUR SERVICES, 593 00:30:06,300 --> 00:30:09,466 WHATEVER THEY ARE, SAFE DRUGS AND MEDICINE, YOU'RE GOING TO 594 00:30:09,500 --> 00:30:13,400 WANT THIS AGENCY TO BE THERE TO PROTECT AND ENFORCE THE FEDERAL 595 00:30:13,433 --> 00:30:14,500 MERIT SYSTEMS. 596 00:30:14,533 --> 00:30:18,266 >> O'Donnell: WHAT ARE THESE MERIT SYSTEMS' PRINCIPLES? 597 00:30:18,300 --> 00:30:21,466 >> Eisenmann: THAT PEOPLE WILL BE HIRED BASED ON MERIT, THAT 598 00:30:21,500 --> 00:30:25,433 THEY WILL NOT BE DISCRIMINATED AGAINST, THAT DECISIONS WILL BE 599 00:30:25,466 --> 00:30:27,466 BASED ON THEIR PERFORMANCE RATHER THAN SOMEONE'S PERSONAL 600 00:30:27,500 --> 00:30:30,233 FEELING ABOUT THEM. 601 00:30:30,266 --> 00:30:32,700 >> O'Donnell: AND HAS THE BOARD EVER HAD SO MANY VACANCIES FOR 602 00:30:32,733 --> 00:30:33,533 SO LONG? 603 00:30:33,566 --> 00:30:34,700 >> Eisenmann: NEVER. 604 00:30:34,733 --> 00:30:38,266 >> O'Donnell: IN A DIVIDED CAPITAL, THE BOARD STANDS APART 605 00:30:38,300 --> 00:30:41,866 IN THAT, BY LAW, IT IS BIPARTISAN. 606 00:30:41,900 --> 00:30:45,500 ONLY TWO OF THREE MEMBERS CAN BE FROM THE SAME POLITICAL PARTY. 607 00:30:45,533 --> 00:30:50,266 IT WAS ESTABLISHED 42 YEARS AGO, BUT ITS ROOTS GO BACK TO THE 608 00:30:50,300 --> 00:30:53,566 19th CENTURY AND REPUBLICAN TEDDY ROOSEVELT, WHO, BEFORE 609 00:30:53,600 --> 00:30:57,366 BECOMING PRESIDENT, CHAMPIONED THE CREATION OF THE U. S. CIVIL 610 00:30:57,400 --> 00:30:59,900 SERVICE COMMISSION, THE PRECURSOR TO TODAY'S BOARD. 611 00:30:59,933 --> 00:31:02,266 >> Debra Roth: THE AMERICAN PUBLIC, YOU KNOW, MADE A 612 00:31:02,300 --> 00:31:05,966 DECISION 140 YEARS AGO THAT THEY WANT THEIR GOVERNMENT RUN BY 613 00:31:06,000 --> 00:31:06,700 QUALIFIED PEOPLE. 614 00:31:06,733 --> 00:31:09,500 AND THEY WANT IT RUN EFFICIENTLY. 615 00:31:09,533 --> 00:31:12,466 >> O'Donnell: FOR 30 YEARS, ATTORNEY DEBRA ROTH HAS 616 00:31:12,500 --> 00:31:14,266 REPRESENTED BOTH FEDERAL AGENCIES AND EMPLOYEES IN FRONT 617 00:31:14,300 --> 00:31:15,466 OF THE BOARD. 618 00:31:15,500 --> 00:31:18,566 SHE'S WORRIED ABOUT WHAT THE BREAKDOWN AT M. S. P. B. MEANS FOR 619 00:31:18,600 --> 00:31:21,100 THE AVERAGE CITIZEN. 620 00:31:21,133 --> 00:31:22,233 >> Roth: M. S. P. B. IS THE ONE MAKING SURE THAT EVERYONE'S 621 00:31:22,266 --> 00:31:26,200 PLAYING BY THE RULES ON THE INSIDE. 622 00:31:26,233 --> 00:31:28,400 >> O'Donnell: SO IN EFFECT, WITH NO BOARD, IS THERE MORE WASTE, 623 00:31:28,433 --> 00:31:30,233 FRAUD, AND ABUSE THAT'S GOING ON IN GOVERNMENT? 624 00:31:30,266 --> 00:31:32,833 >> Roth: PROBABLY. 625 00:31:32,866 --> 00:31:34,300 IT IS THE INTERNAL ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE REST OF 626 00:31:34,333 --> 00:31:37,066 GOVERNMENT. 627 00:31:37,100 --> 00:31:39,533 IT'S NOT LIKE EVERY CASE ENDS UP AT M. S. P. B. 628 00:31:39,566 --> 00:31:44,766 SO FOR STATISTICS, YOU CONSIDER SOMETHING LIKE OVER TWO MILLION 629 00:31:44,800 --> 00:31:46,300 PEOPLE ARE PART OF THE FEDERAL WORKFORCE IN THE EXECUTIVE 630 00:31:46,333 --> 00:31:50,300 BRANCH. 631 00:31:50,333 --> 00:31:53,933 ABOUT EVERY YEAR, ABOUT 80,000 OF THEM QUIT. 632 00:31:53,966 --> 00:31:57,433 ANOTHER 12,000 ARE GETTING FIRED FOR CAUSE. 633 00:31:57,466 --> 00:32:01,066 AND THOSE PEOPLE ARE PROBABLY THE ONES WHO ARE GOING TO END 634 00:32:01,100 --> 00:32:03,500 UP, POSSIBLY, A PORTION OF THEM, FILING AN APPEAL AT M. S. P. B. 635 00:32:03,533 --> 00:32:06,600 >> O'Donnell: BEFORE A CASE GETS TO THE BOARD, IT GOES TO AN 636 00:32:06,633 --> 00:32:10,266 M.S.P.B. ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE, WHO ISSUES AN INITIAL DECISION. 637 00:32:10,300 --> 00:32:15,500 ONLY ABOUT 800 DECISIONS A YEAR THEN GET APPEALED TO THE BOARD. 638 00:32:15,533 --> 00:32:21,466 THESE DAYS, WITH NO ONE TO RULE ON THEM, THE CARDBOARD BOXES 639 00:32:21,500 --> 00:32:24,366 HOLDING SOME OF THE NEARLY 2,900 CASES IN THE BACKLOG ARE STACKED 640 00:32:24,400 --> 00:32:27,466 IN MULTIPLE OFFICES THROUGHOUT THE AGENCY. 641 00:32:27,500 --> 00:32:30,266 >> Eisenmann: AND EACH OF THOSE CASES IS AN INDIVIDUAL WAITING 642 00:32:30,300 --> 00:32:33,533 FOR JUSTICE, AND AN AGENCY WAITING FOR CERTAINTY AS TO 643 00:32:33,566 --> 00:32:36,266 WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN WITH THAT EMPLOYEE. 644 00:32:36,300 --> 00:32:39,433 IS THAT EMPLOYEE GOING BACK TO WORK OR ARE THEY NOT? 645 00:32:39,466 --> 00:32:42,300 >> O'Donnell: TRADITIONALLY, THE BOARD GETS INVOLVED IN OTHER 646 00:32:42,333 --> 00:32:45,533 CASES AT THE REQUEST OF THE OFFICE OF SPECIAL COUNSEL, A 647 00:32:45,566 --> 00:32:49,533 FEDERAL WATCHDOG THAT'S SUPPOSED TO PROTECT WHISTLEBLOWERS, LIKE 648 00:32:49,566 --> 00:32:50,700 RICK BRIGHT. 649 00:32:50,733 --> 00:32:54,300 BRIGHT WAS THE FIRST FEDERAL OFFICIAL TO PUBLICLY PROCLAIM 650 00:32:54,333 --> 00:32:57,500 THAT THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION'S RESPONSE TO THE PANDEMIC WAS 651 00:32:57,533 --> 00:33:01,900 DISORGANIZED, AND SO SLOW THAT IT COST LIVES. 652 00:33:01,933 --> 00:33:06,266 >> Rick Bright: IF WE FAIL TO IMPROVE OUR RESPONSE NOW BASED 653 00:33:06,300 --> 00:33:09,500 ON SCIENCE, I FEAR THE PANDEMIC WILL GET WORSE AND BE PROLONGED. 654 00:33:09,533 --> 00:33:13,266 >> O'Donnell: BEFORE HE TESTIFIED BEFORE CONGRESS, 655 00:33:13,300 --> 00:33:15,500 BRIGHT FILED A COMPLAINT WITH THE SPECIAL COUNSEL ALLEGING HIS 656 00:33:15,533 --> 00:33:18,266 BOSSES AT HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES DEMOTED HIM FOR 657 00:33:18,300 --> 00:33:21,500 SOUNDING THE ALARM. 658 00:33:21,533 --> 00:33:26,266 THE SPECIAL COUNSEL'S OFFICE"“ FOUND A SUBSTANTIAL LIKELIHOOD 659 00:33:26,300 --> 00:33:27,500 OF WRONGDOING"” AND ASKED H. H. S. 660 00:33:27,533 --> 00:33:30,266 SECRETARY ALEX AZAR TO GIVE HIM HIS OLD JOB BACK WHILE IT 661 00:33:30,300 --> 00:33:32,433 INVESTIGATED. 662 00:33:32,466 --> 00:33:36,300 IN APRIL, BRIGHT SAT DOWN WITH "60 MINUTES." 663 00:33:36,333 --> 00:33:39,533 OUR UNDERSTANDING IS THAT THE MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD 664 00:33:39,566 --> 00:33:44,333 COULD REINSTATE YOU AT YOUR JOB, PENDING AN INVESTIGATION INTO 665 00:33:44,366 --> 00:33:45,533 YOUR COMPLAINT. 666 00:33:45,566 --> 00:33:49,066 HAD YOU EVER HEARD OF THE M. S. P. B. BEFORE YOUR COMPLAINT? 667 00:33:49,100 --> 00:33:50,300 >> Rick Bright: NO. 668 00:33:50,333 --> 00:33:51,533 HONESTLY, I HADN'T. 669 00:33:51,566 --> 00:33:57,266 I‐‐ I'VE LEARNED, THOUGH, SINCE MY COMPLAINT, THAT‐‐ THAT 670 00:33:57,300 --> 00:33:58,400 M.S.P.B., THAT MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD, IS FULL OF 671 00:33:58,433 --> 00:34:02,300 EMPTY CHAIRS. 672 00:34:02,333 --> 00:34:05,300 >> O'Donnell: RICK BRIGHT'S CASE MAY BE THE MOST HIGH‐PROFILE 673 00:34:05,333 --> 00:34:09,166 IMPACTED BY THE THREE EMPTY CHAIRS, BUT IT'S NOT THE ONLY 674 00:34:09,200 --> 00:34:10,266 ONE TO INVOLVE A WHISTLEBLOWER. 675 00:34:10,300 --> 00:34:14,266 AFTER FILING A FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT REQUEST, WE 676 00:34:14,300 --> 00:34:15,933 LEARNED ABOUT A QUARTER OF THE CASES IN THE BACKLOG INCLUDE 677 00:34:15,966 --> 00:34:18,266 WHISTLEBLOWER CLAIMS. 678 00:34:18,300 --> 00:34:24,966 THE BACKLOG STRETCHES ACROSS 55 FEDERAL AGENCIES, BUT THE 679 00:34:25,000 --> 00:34:27,500 MOST WHISTLEBLOWER CASES FROM ONE AGENCY, 197, ARE FROM THE 680 00:34:27,533 --> 00:34:31,566 DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS, OR V. A. 681 00:34:31,600 --> 00:34:33,900 ONE OF THEM BELONGS TO CHRIS MARCUS. 682 00:34:33,933 --> 00:34:38,233 >> Chris Marcus: I PUT MY HEART AND SOUL INTO THE V. A. BECAUSE I 683 00:34:38,266 --> 00:34:39,433 KNEW WE COULD FIX IT. 684 00:34:39,466 --> 00:34:41,600 >> O'Donnell: AFTER GRADUATING FROM THE AIR FORCE ACADEMY IN 685 00:34:41,633 --> 00:34:45,900 1992, MARCUS SERVED FOR 20 YEARS. 686 00:34:45,933 --> 00:34:47,166 IN 2008, HE HELPED RUN THE U. S. 687 00:34:47,200 --> 00:34:50,633 MILITARY'S BUSIEST COMBAT TRAUMA HOSPITAL DURING THE SURGE IN THE 688 00:34:50,666 --> 00:34:51,900 IRAQ WAR. 689 00:34:51,933 --> 00:34:54,900 AFTER RETIRING AS A LIEUTENANT COLONEL, MARCUS WAS HIRED BY THE 690 00:34:54,933 --> 00:34:58,633 V.A. AND EVENTUALLY PUT IN CHARGE OF THREE OUTPATIENT 691 00:34:58,666 --> 00:35:03,866 CLINICS SERVING APPROXIMATELY 80,000 VETERANS IN TENNESSEE. 692 00:35:03,900 --> 00:35:06,933 HE SAYS MEMBERS OF HIS STAFF VIOLATED BASIC HEALTH AND SAFETY 693 00:35:06,966 --> 00:35:12,566 GUIDELINES AND MISHANDLED PATIENTS' MEDICAL FILES, BUT THE 694 00:35:12,600 --> 00:35:15,866 WORST PROBLEM HE DESCRIBED WAS DOCTORS WHO SHOWED UP LATE AND 695 00:35:15,900 --> 00:35:18,966 SOMETIMES DISAPPEARED, LEAVING ELDERLY VETERANS WAITING FOR 696 00:35:19,000 --> 00:35:20,700 HOURS. 697 00:35:20,733 --> 00:35:22,600 >> Marcus: IF YOU CAN'T GET YOUR STAFF TO SHOW UP FOR WORK ON 698 00:35:22,633 --> 00:35:24,566 TIME, THEN THAT'S A PROBLEM. 699 00:35:24,600 --> 00:35:26,600 THAT'S ONE OF THE ACCUSATIONS I HAD AGAINST ME, WAS THAT I WOULD 700 00:35:26,633 --> 00:35:27,833 WALK AROUND THE HALLS LOOKING FOR PEOPLE COMING INTO WORK 701 00:35:27,866 --> 00:35:29,166 LATE. 702 00:35:29,200 --> 00:35:30,433 LIKE, I'M GUILTY. 703 00:35:30,466 --> 00:35:31,100 YES, I DID. 704 00:35:31,133 --> 00:35:33,466 >> O'Donnell: WHAT DID YOU DO? 705 00:35:33,500 --> 00:35:37,066 >> Marcus: A COWORKER AND I, WE WOULD CONSTANTLY ELEVATING THAT 706 00:35:37,100 --> 00:35:38,666 TO THE‐‐ TO THE APPROPRIATE LEADERSHIP, SAYING, "WE HAVE GOT 707 00:35:38,700 --> 00:35:41,866 TO DO SOMETHING ABOUT THESE PROVIDERS." 708 00:35:41,900 --> 00:35:42,666 AND‐‐ AND NOTHING EVER HAPPENED. 709 00:35:42,700 --> 00:35:44,200 >> O'Donnell: WHEN THE V. A. 710 00:35:44,233 --> 00:35:45,900 FIRED YOU, WHAT WAS THEIR JUSTIFICATION? 711 00:35:45,933 --> 00:35:50,133 >> Marcus: THAT I CREATED A HOSTILE WORK ENVIRONMENT. 712 00:35:50,166 --> 00:35:51,366 THAT WAS PRETTY MUCH IT. 713 00:35:51,400 --> 00:35:53,666 >> O'Donnell: THE UNPROFESSIONAL BEHAVIOR THAT YOU WERE ACCUSED 714 00:35:53,700 --> 00:35:55,466 OF BY THE V. A., IS THERE ANY TRUTH TO IT? 715 00:35:55,500 --> 00:35:56,866 >> Marcus: NO. 716 00:35:56,900 --> 00:35:58,633 ( SIGHS ) AND, THEY GAVE ME A STACK OF 717 00:35:58,666 --> 00:36:01,700 PAPERWORK ABOUT THIS THICK, THAT WAS THE EVIDENCE FILE USED 718 00:36:01,733 --> 00:36:02,833 AGAINST ME. 719 00:36:02,866 --> 00:36:06,166 AND I'M JUST THINKING, "OH MY GOODNESS, WHAT DID I DO?" 720 00:36:06,200 --> 00:36:09,166 I MEAN, I REALLY‐‐ RACKING MY BRAIN, "WHAT ON EARTH DID I DO?" 721 00:36:09,200 --> 00:36:12,000 >> O'Donnell: AN ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE RULED THIS PAST DECEMBER 722 00:36:12,033 --> 00:36:14,633 THAT THE ONLY THING CHRIS MARCUS DID WAS HIS JOB. 723 00:36:14,666 --> 00:36:21,100 THE JUDGE WROTE IN HIS DECISION, THE V. A.'S ALLEGATION MARCUS HAD 724 00:36:21,133 --> 00:36:25,233 BEEN UNPROFESSIONAL "“LACKED ANY FACTUAL BASIS,"” AND THAT A V. A. 725 00:36:25,266 --> 00:36:27,833 EXECUTIVE, "“HAD A MOTIVE TO RETALIATE AGAINST"” HIM. 726 00:36:27,866 --> 00:36:32,133 MORE IMPORTANTLY, THE JUDGE ADDED MARCUS WAS "“AN EMPLOYEE 727 00:36:32,166 --> 00:36:33,933 THAT THE V. A. SHOULD BE SEEKING TO RETAIN AND PROMOTE INSTEAD OF 728 00:36:33,966 --> 00:36:37,733 REMOVING."” >> Marcus: HE'S ABSOLUTELY 729 00:36:37,766 --> 00:36:38,933 RIGHT. 730 00:36:38,966 --> 00:36:41,700 I‐‐ I‐‐ I CHALLENGE ANYONE TO FIND ANYTHING IN THAT EVIDENCE 731 00:36:41,733 --> 00:36:44,100 PACKAGE THAT'S ACTUALLY EVIDENCE OF ANY CONDUCT UNBECOMING OR 732 00:36:44,133 --> 00:36:45,833 UNPROFESSIONALISM. 733 00:36:45,866 --> 00:36:47,100 IT'S JUST NOT THERE. 734 00:36:47,133 --> 00:36:50,666 >> O'Donnell: THE JUDGE ORDERED THE V. A. TO REINSTATE LIEUTENANT 735 00:36:50,700 --> 00:36:54,666 COLONEL MARCUS AND GIVE HIM BACK PAY AND INTEREST, WHICH AT THE 736 00:36:54,700 --> 00:36:57,066 TIME WAS UPWARDS OF $50,000. 737 00:36:57,100 --> 00:37:00,600 THE V. A. REFUSED, AND APPEALED TO THE BOARD. 738 00:37:00,633 --> 00:37:02,766 BUT BECAUSE NO ONE WAS ON IT, THE CASE, AND MARCUS' LIFE, 739 00:37:02,800 --> 00:37:03,866 ENTERED A STATE OF LIMBO. 740 00:37:03,900 --> 00:37:06,633 >> Marcus: EVEN IF YOU WIN, YOU LOSE. 741 00:37:06,666 --> 00:37:09,833 >> O'Donnell: DO YOU CONSIDER YOURSELF A WHISTLEBLOWER? 742 00:37:09,866 --> 00:37:12,333 >> Marcus: I'D NEVER THOUGHT OF ME AS BEING A WHISTLEBLOWER. 743 00:37:12,366 --> 00:37:14,666 I GUESS I AM, BECAUSE I'VE BEEN IDENTIFYING THESE THINGS FOR 744 00:37:14,700 --> 00:37:18,633 YEARS AND MY LEADERSHIP RETALIATED AGAINST ME FOR THAT. 745 00:37:18,666 --> 00:37:21,866 >> O'Donnell: IN EARLY APRIL, FIVE MONTHS AFTER CHRIS MARCUS' 746 00:37:21,900 --> 00:37:26,633 CASE JOINED THE BACKLOG, WE ASKED THE V. A. ABOUT HIM. 747 00:37:26,666 --> 00:37:29,800 THE V. A. DECLINED TO COMMENT SPECIFICALLY, BUT TWO WEEKS 748 00:37:29,833 --> 00:37:33,633 LATER, OFFERED HIM A SETTLEMENT THAT INCLUDED NEARLY A YEAR'S 749 00:37:33,666 --> 00:37:37,633 WORTH OF BACK PAY, PLUS INTEREST, DAMAGES, LEGAL FEES, 750 00:37:37,666 --> 00:37:39,033 AND A NEW JOB THAT ALLOWS HIM TO WORK FROM HOME, THAT HE STARTED 751 00:37:39,066 --> 00:37:41,333 LAST MONTH. 752 00:37:41,366 --> 00:37:44,400 ATTORNEY DEBRA ROTH DOES NOT REPRESENT CHRIS MARCUS, BUT SAYS 753 00:37:44,433 --> 00:37:47,500 JUSTICE FOR OTHERS CAUGHT IN THE BACKLOG WILL BE HARDER TO COME 754 00:37:47,533 --> 00:37:48,766 BY. 755 00:37:48,800 --> 00:37:52,133 AN APPEALS PROCESS THAT USED TO TAKE MONTHS WILL NOW TAKE YEARS. 756 00:37:52,166 --> 00:37:57,466 SHE SAYS TYPICALLY, ABOUT 15% OF THOSE WHO APPEAL TO THE BOARD 757 00:37:57,500 --> 00:37:58,733 END UP GETTING THEIR JOBS BACK. 758 00:37:58,766 --> 00:38:02,900 >> Roth: AND THE LONGER IT TAKES TO GET THEIR JOB BACK, THE CLOCK 759 00:38:02,933 --> 00:38:05,666 IS RUNNING, BECAUSE THE BOARD WILL DETERMINE THAT THEY WERE 760 00:38:05,700 --> 00:38:09,700 FIRED IMPROPERLY, ILLEGALLY, AND THE‐‐ THE REMEDY WILL BE THAT 761 00:38:09,733 --> 00:38:11,933 THEY WILL GET A RETROACTIVE HIRING AND THEIR BACK PAY. 762 00:38:11,966 --> 00:38:15,233 >> O'Donnell: THERE ARE GOVERNMENT WORKERS RIGHT NOW 763 00:38:15,266 --> 00:38:18,233 SITTING AT HOME, NOT WORKING, WHO WILL EVENTUALLY GET BACK 764 00:38:18,266 --> 00:38:20,066 PAY? 765 00:38:20,100 --> 00:38:21,266 >> Roth: UH‐HUH. 766 00:38:21,300 --> 00:38:22,000 A LOT OF IT. 767 00:38:22,033 --> 00:38:24,100 AT TAXPAYER EXPENSE. 768 00:38:24,133 --> 00:38:27,233 >> Eisenmann: FOR EVERY SINGLE DAY, EVERY SINGLE YEAR THAT GOES 769 00:38:27,266 --> 00:38:29,800 BY WITHOUT A DECISION, THAT'S JUST MORE AND MORE BACK PAY FOR 770 00:38:29,833 --> 00:38:31,666 THE INDIVIDUAL, IF THEY'RE BEING REINSTATED. 771 00:38:31,700 --> 00:38:33,233 THAT'S MORE ATTORNEY FEES. 772 00:38:33,266 --> 00:38:34,033 THAT'S MORE INTEREST. 773 00:38:34,066 --> 00:38:37,966 THAT'S‐‐ JUST MORE MONEY, GENERALLY. 774 00:38:38,000 --> 00:38:39,233 >> O'Donnell: FORMER M. S. P. B. 775 00:38:39,266 --> 00:38:42,033 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR JIM EISENMANN TOLD US THE PROSPECTIVE NEW 776 00:38:42,066 --> 00:38:47,766 BOARD MEMBERS FACE A DAUNTING TASK, DIGGING OUT FROM THE 777 00:38:47,800 --> 00:38:53,433 NEARLY 2,900 CASES PILED UP IN THEIR OFFICE. 778 00:38:53,466 --> 00:38:55,166 >> Eisenmann: IT WILL PROBABLY TAKE THREE TO FOUR YEARS JUST 779 00:38:55,200 --> 00:38:57,233 FOR THOSE CASES TO BE DECIDED BY ANY BOARD. 780 00:38:57,266 --> 00:38:59,466 IF YOU HAD BOARD MEMBERS START TODAY. 781 00:38:59,500 --> 00:39:01,200 >> O'Donnell: THAT'S JUSTICE DELAYED. 782 00:39:01,233 --> 00:39:01,966 >> Eisenmann: AND DENIED. 783 00:39:02,000 --> 00:39:03,200 ABSOLUTELY. 784 00:39:03,233 --> 00:39:05,966 >> O'Donnell: WHICH BRINGS US BACK TO THE REASON WE EVER HEARD 785 00:39:06,000 --> 00:39:09,200 ABOUT THE MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD IN THE FIRST 786 00:39:09,233 --> 00:39:13,966 PLACE‐‐ NOT A SINGLE BOARD MEMBER HAS BEEN CONFIRMED BY THE 787 00:39:14,000 --> 00:39:17,966 SENATE IN OVER EIGHT YEARS, SINCE APRIL 2012. 788 00:39:18,000 --> 00:39:21,266 "60 MINUTES" HAS LEARNED ONLY ONE OF THE PRESIDENT'S NOMINEES 789 00:39:21,300 --> 00:39:25,933 FACES SERIOUS OPPOSITION FROM SENATORS IN BOTH PARTIES. 790 00:39:25,966 --> 00:39:27,633 BUT IF TWO OF THE OTHER NOMINEES WERE CONFIRMED, THE BOARD COULD 791 00:39:27,666 --> 00:39:29,933 QUICKLY GET BACK TO WORK. 792 00:39:29,966 --> 00:39:33,266 WE WANTED TO ASK THE MOST POWERFUL MAN IN THE SENATE, 793 00:39:33,300 --> 00:39:38,000 REPUBLICAN MAJORITY LEADER MITCH McCONNELL, WHY THAT HASN'T 794 00:39:38,033 --> 00:39:39,266 HAPPENED YET. 795 00:39:39,300 --> 00:39:42,300 AFTER HIS OFFICE IGNORED SEVERAL OF OUR INQUIRIES, WE WENT TO THE 796 00:39:42,333 --> 00:39:44,366 CAPITOL TO ASK HIM DIRECTLY. 797 00:39:44,400 --> 00:39:46,033 THIS IS A CHALLENGING TIME FOR FEDERAL WORKERS, ESPECIALLY 798 00:39:46,066 --> 00:39:49,966 THOSE ON THE FRONT LINES OF THE CORONAVIRUS. 799 00:39:50,000 --> 00:39:53,300 SO WE WANTED TO KNOW, WHY HAS THE SENATE NOT CONFIRMED ANY OF 800 00:39:53,333 --> 00:39:55,866 PRESIDENT TRUMP'S THREE NOMINEES TO THE MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION 801 00:39:55,900 --> 00:39:57,233 BOARD? 802 00:39:57,266 --> 00:39:59,433 >> Mitch McConnell: WELL IF THEY'RE OUT ON THE CALENDAR, 803 00:39:59,466 --> 00:40:01,966 YOU'D HAVE TO ASK SENATOR SCHUMER. 804 00:40:02,000 --> 00:40:05,000 >> O'Donnell: WE CONTACTED THE OFFICE OF SENATE MINORITY LEADER 805 00:40:05,033 --> 00:40:08,333 CHUCK SCHUMER, WHOSE SPOKESMAN POINTED OUT, "“SENATE MAJORITY 806 00:40:08,366 --> 00:40:11,333 LEADER McCONNELL HAS FULL CONTROL OVER WHICH NOMINEES ARE 807 00:40:11,366 --> 00:40:13,966 VOTED ON AND WHICH ONES AREN'T."” HOW DOES THIS HAPPEN? 808 00:40:14,000 --> 00:40:17,933 HOW DOES SUCH AN IMPORTANT GOVERNMENT AGENCY REMAIN SHUT 809 00:40:17,966 --> 00:40:21,200 DOWN FOR SO LONG? 810 00:40:21,233 --> 00:40:25,866 >> Eisenmann: NEGLIGENCE, IF NOT AN INTENTIONAL FAILURE TO DO A 811 00:40:25,900 --> 00:40:28,133 CONSTITUTIONAL DUTY. 812 00:40:34,966 --> 00:40:38,400 >> Dickerson: TONIGHT MARKS THE OPENING OF A NEW ERA IN STORY 813 00:40:38,433 --> 00:40:40,100 TELLING FOR "60 MINUTES." 814 00:40:40,133 --> 00:40:42,766 WE ARE LAUNCHING AN INNOVATIVE WAY FOR OUR ONE‐OF‐A‐KIND 815 00:40:42,800 --> 00:40:45,900 REPORTING TO REACH A NEW AND EXPANDED AUDIENCE, ON THE MOBILE 816 00:40:45,933 --> 00:40:47,266 APP QUIBI. 817 00:40:47,300 --> 00:40:50,633 WE'VE NAMED IT "“60 IN 6,"” AND EACH WEEK, "“60 IN 6"” WILL REPORT 818 00:40:50,666 --> 00:40:56,833 AN ORIGINAL STORY, IN A SHORTER, APPROXIMATELY SIX‐MINUTE FORM, 819 00:40:56,866 --> 00:40:59,666 PRODUCED SPECIFICALLY FOR VIEWERS WATCHING ON MOBILE 820 00:40:59,700 --> 00:41:00,733 DEVICES. 821 00:41:00,766 --> 00:41:04,000 WE'VE RECRUITED A DEDICATED STAFF OF CORRESPONDENTS, 822 00:41:04,033 --> 00:41:07,200 PRODUCERS AND EDITORS FROM BOTH INSIDE AND OUTSIDE CBS NEWS WHO 823 00:41:07,233 --> 00:41:12,900 ARE WORKING TO GUARANTEE TRUE "60 MINUTES" REPORTING AND HIGH 824 00:41:12,933 --> 00:41:15,666 STANDARDS TO THE STORIES IN OUR NEW, MOBILE HOME. 825 00:41:15,700 --> 00:41:19,466 THIS WEEK, WE KICK OFF WITH PULITZER PRIZE‐WINNING 826 00:41:19,500 --> 00:41:22,766 CORRESPONDENT WESLEY LOWERY REPORTING FROM MINNEAPOLIS, WITH 827 00:41:22,800 --> 00:41:26,433 A VIEW FROM THAT CITY YOU HAVEN'T SEEN BEFORE, INCLUDING 828 00:41:26,466 --> 00:41:29,700 AN INTERVIEW WITH GEORGE FLOYD'S BROTHER, PHILONISE. 829 00:41:29,733 --> 00:41:33,200 >> Wesley Lowery: DO YOU SEE YOUR BROTHER AND HIS STORY AS 830 00:41:33,233 --> 00:41:35,666 PART OF A BIGGER, BROADER MOVEMENT? 831 00:41:35,700 --> 00:41:36,833 >> Philonise Floyd: YES, SIR. 832 00:41:36,866 --> 00:41:41,666 PEOPLE WHO KNEW MY BROTHER, THEY ALWAYS SAY THE SAME THING. 833 00:41:41,700 --> 00:41:44,366 FLOYD, HE DIED FOR A REASON. 834 00:41:44,400 --> 00:41:47,666 I THINK THIS IS THE BIGGEST CIVIL RIGHT MOVEMENT EVER. 835 00:41:47,700 --> 00:41:49,800 PEOPLE TIRED, MAN. 836 00:41:49,833 --> 00:41:52,366 EVERYBODY WANTS TO LIVE ON THIS EARTH AND HAVE PEACE. 837 00:41:52,400 --> 00:41:54,400 THAT'S ALL I WANT IS PEACE. 838 00:41:54,433 --> 00:41:56,200 >> Dickerson: I'M JOHN DICKERSON. 839 00:41:56,233 --> 00:41:59,766 "60 MINUTES PRESENTS" IS NEXT, AND WE'LL BE BACK NEXT WEEK WITH 840 00:41:59,800 --> 00:42:02,066 ANOTHER EDITION OF "60 MINUTES." 841 00:42:06,600 --> 00:42:07,566 Captioned by Media Access Group at WGBH 842 00:42:07,600 --> 00:42:08,600 access.wgbh.org