OF MUSEUMS WITH, LIBRARIES, AND CHURCHES IN UKRAINE -- >> LOOK AT THIS. >> -- IN WHAT SOME ARE CALLING A
CULTURAL ENGINE SIDE. >> THE CULTURAL LEGACY, THE CULTURAL HERITAGE, THIS IS WHAT MAKE US REACH, AND WHAT WE HAVE
TO PROTECT AND PASS TO FUTURE GENERATIONS. BECAUSE THE RUSSIA TRIES TO DESTROY OUR FUTURE.
>>> I THOUGHT, WOW, THIS IS EVEN WORSE THAN I THOUGHT. THAT'S WHAT HAPPENS WITH OUR EXHALED BREATH.
>> IT MAY BE THE BIGGEST TAKE AWAY FROM THE PANDEMIC. OUR INDOOR AIR NEEDS TO BE VENTILATED AND FILTERED AT A
MUCH HIGHER LEVEL. >> THINK ABOUT THE PUBLIC HEALTH GAINS WE'VE MADE OVER THE PAST 100 YEARS.
WHERE HAS INDOOR AIR BEEN IN THAT CONVERSATION? IT'S TOTALLY FORGOTTEN ABOUT. AND THE PANDEMIC SHOWED WHAT A
GLARING MISTAKE THAT WAS. >>> WAIT -- >> WINNING AND LOSING MONEY, FOR MILLIONS OF FANS LIKE THESE
GUYS, IT'S ONE MORE REASON TO WATCH AND ENJOY SPORTS. BUT FOR OTHERS, IT'S NOT ALL FUN AND GAMES.
60% OF ONLINE BETTERS ARE YOUNG MEN AND IT'S A SAFE BET THAT MANY OF THEM ARE ADDICTED AND LOSING.
>> WHERE ARE THE YOUNG MEN GETTING THE MONEY TO GAMBLE LIKE THIS? >> I HAVE PATIENTS, SOME OF THEM
ARE COLLEGE STUDENTS WHO HAVE GAMBLED FEDERAL STUDENT LOAN MONEY. I HAVE YOUNG PATIENTS WHO HAVE
GAMBLED AWAY INHERITANCES. >>> I'M LESLEY STAHL. >> I'M BILL WHITAKER. >> I'M ANDERSON COOPER.
>> I'M SHARYN ALFONSI. >> I'M JON WERTHEIM. >> I'M CECILIA VEGA. >> I'M SCOTT PELLEY.
THOSE STORIES TONIGHT ON >>> IN OCTOBER, A U.N. REPORT FOUND NEW EVIDENCE THAT RUSSIA HAD COMMITTED WAR CRIMES IN
UKRAINE WITH DELIBERATE KILLINGS AND WIDESPREAD USE OF TORTURE, BUT THEY HAVE YET TO EXAMINE THE INTENTIONAL INSTRUCTION OF
CULTURAL PROPERTY, WHICH ALSO IS A WAR CRIME. UKRAINE ACCUSES RUSSIAN FORCES OF TARGETING CHURCHES,
LIBRARIES, AND LOOTING THE COUNTRY'S MOST IMPORTANT MUSEUMS. AND WHILE PLUNDER IS AS OLD AS
WAR ITSELF, UKRAINIAN INVESTIGATORS SAY THAT THIS IS DIFFERENT. THEY SEE A CAMPAIGN OF CULTURAL
GENOCIDE, TO DESTROY UKRAINE'S IDENTITY AS A NATION. AS WE REPORTED IN NOVEMBER, A NETWORK OF CULTURAL WARRIORS IN
UKRAINE IS BUILDING THE CASE AGAINST RUSSIA. IT'S A HERITAGE WAR, ONE TOLD US.
AND WE JOINED THEM ON THE FRONT LINES. >> NOT MUCH WAS LEFT OF THE TINY VILLAGE OF VIAZIVKA A FEW HOURS
NORTHWEST OF KYIV, AFTER RUSSIAN FORCES OVERWHELMED THE REGION IN 2022. BUT WE WEREN'T PREPARED FOR
THIS -- >> MY GOD. SO I HOR, WHAT HAPPENED HERE? >> LIBERATION OF UKRAINE BY
RUSSIAN OCCUPATION FORCES, YOU SEE WHAT THIS LIBERATION MEANS? >> WHY WOULD THEY TARGET A CHURCH?
>> IN THE SMALL VILLAGE, THIS WAS THE MAIN PLACE, AND IT WAS TARGETED JUST TO DESTROY WHAT KEEPS THE WHOLE VILLAGE AND THE
WHOLE COMMUNITY TOGETHER. >> IHOR POSHYVAILO IS DIRECTOR OF THE CONTEMPORARY MAIDEN MUSEUM IN KYIV.
HE'D BROUGHT US TO SEE THE CARCASS OF THE CHURCH OF THE NATIVITY ON UKRAINE'S HERITAGE LIST.
POSHYVAILO TOLD US THAT THE RUSSIANS HAD DELIBERATELY SHELLED IT WHEN THEY RETREATED, THERE WAS NO FIGHTING NEARBY.
BUILT IN 1862, THE CHURCH HAD SURVIVED TWO WORLD WARS, COMMUNISM, AND A REVOLUTION, BUT NOT THIS.
>> SO WHAT MESSAGE DO YOU THINK THE RUSSIANS WERE TRYING TO SEND BY DESTROYING THIS CHURCH? >> WE ARE STRONG.
WUSHD YOU SHOULD BE AFRAID OF US AND WE WILL DO WHAT WE WANT TO DO. WE DON'T NEED YOU ON THIS LAND.
WE DON'T NEED YOUR TRANSITIONS, YOUR BELIEFS, YOUR CULTURE. YOU DO NOT EXIST. >> ERASE YOU?
>> ERASE YOU, EXACTLY. >> AS WE SIFTED THROUGH THE WRECKAGE, POSHYVAILO TOLD US THAT THE CHURCH HAD BEEN FAMOUS
FOR ITS UNIQUE CENTURIES-OLD FOLK ART. >> YES AND YOU CAN SEE THEY STILL HAVE --
>> LOOK AT THIS. >> Reporter: HE TOLD US THIS WAS ONE OF 700 CHURCHES THAT HAVE BEEN SIT SO FAR.
SOME WERE COLLATERAL DAMAGE, MANY WERE NOT. TO DOCUMENT THE DESTRUCTION, POSHYVAILO CO-FOUNDED THE
HERITAGE EMERGENCY RESPONSE INITIATIVE, A SORT OF CULTURAL S.W.A.T. TEAM THAT TRAVELS TO DAMAGED SITES, INTERVIEWING
EYEWITNESSS AND SAVING WHAT THEY CAN. >> IT'S A NIGHTMARE FOR ME, BECAUSE EVERY MORNING I GET UP
AND I THINK THAT IT'S -- IT'S NOT REALITY, WHAT WE HAVE, AND AT THE SAME TIME, THE FEELINGS THAT WE WILL NEVER FORGIVE.
>> NEVER FORGIVE? >> WE'LL NEVER FORGIVE. I MEAN, THE CULTURAL LEGACY, CULTURAL HERITAGE, THIS IS WHAT
MAKES US RICH AND WHAT WE HAVE TO PROTECT AND PASS TO FUTURE GENERATIONS. THAT'S WHY I CAN SEE IT'S ONE OF
THE FRONT LINES IN THIS WAR. BECAUSE DESTROYING OUR PAST, RUSSIANS TRIES TO DESTROY OUR FUTURE.
>> Reporter: IT'S NOT ONLY CHURCHES, HUNDREDS OF MUSEUMS, LIBRARIES, AND MONUMENTS HAVE BEEN BOMBED, BURNED, OR SHELLED.
IN 2022, THE RUSSIANS RAZED THIS SMALL FOLK MUSEUM NEAR KYIV TO THE GROUND. NEARBY BUILDINGS WERE UNTOUCHED.
FARTHER EAST, RUSSIAN ARTILLERY DESTROYED THIS MUSEUM. LOCATION CARRIED OUT THE ONLY SURVIVING STATUE OF ITS PATRON
SAINT LIKE A WOUNDED PATIENT. POSHYVAILO AND OTHERS TOLD US THAT THEY BELIEVE THAT IT'S A STRATEGY THAT COMES STRAIGHT
FROM THE KREMLIN. FOR YEARS, RUSSIAN PRESIDENT VLADIMIR PUTIN HAS PUBLICLY DISMISSED UKRAINE'S RIGHT TO
EXIST AT ALL. WE ARE ALL RUSSIANS, HE SAID. MANY HUMAN WORKERS HAVE BEEN ARRESTED, EVEN KIDNAPPED BY
RUSSIAN SOLDIERS. >> YOU DON'T USUALLY THINK OF MUSEUM WORKERS AS BEING IN DANGER.
>> THEY ARE AMONGST THE FIRST PEOPLE THAT RUSSIANS COME FOR. >> WHY? >> WELL, FIRST OF ALL, THEY ARE
INTERESTED IN THE COLLECTIONS. WHERE DID THEY HIDE THE COLLECTIONS? WHAT IS THE VALUE OF THE
COLLECTION? AND THE SECOND REASON IS, MUSEUM WORKERS ARE LEADERS IN THEIR COMMUNITY.
>> MILENA CHORNA IS HEAD OF INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITS AT THE NATIONAL WAR MUSEUM IN KYIV. SHE HELPED SET UP A MUSEUM
CRISIS HOTLINE FOR WORKERS IN THE WAR ZONE, TRYING TO SAVE THEIR COLLECTIONS. THEY WERE SOON SWAMPD WITH CALLS
FOR HELP, SENDING MONEY FOR RUSSIAN BRIBES, DEVISING ESCAPE ROUTES, HIDING PAINTINGS, AND SOMETIMES JUST TO TALK.
>> YOU CUT OFF ALL OF YOUR EMOTIONS, TRYING TO DO EVERYTHING YOU CAN TO HELP. PUTTING IT ALL THROUGH YOURSELF,
IT IS REALLY DIFFICULT. AND AT SOME POINT YOU REALIZE THAT, YEAH, THAT YOU HAVE PTSD ALREADY, ALTHOUGH YOU HAVEN'T
BEEN TO THE FOREFRONT. >> Reporter: MILENA CHORNA TOLD US THAT MANY WORKERS ACTUALLY MOVED INTO THEIR MUSEUMS TO HELP
GUARD THE COLLECTIONS, HAVE EVE THE WOMANS FELL. IN THE NORTH, DURING THE SIEGE OF CHEER INITIATIVE, SHE TOLD US
ABOUT ONE MUSEUM WORKER WHO MOVED IN WITH HER 8-YEAR-OLD DAUGHTER. THERE WAS NO ELECTRICITY, NO
WATER, NO HEAT. >> WHEN IT GOT REALLY BAD -- >> Reporter: WEEKS LATER, VOLUNTEERS TRYING TO DELIVER A
GENERATOR TO THE MUSEUM WERE KILLED. >> SHE STAYED? >> SHE STAYED.
SHE STAYED UNTIL THE LIBERATION, YES. AND NOW SHE IS IN THE ARMY. >> WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THAT?
>> I THINK AT SOME POINT SHE MIGHT HAVE ACKNOWLEDGED THAT WHAT WE ARE DOING IS NOT GOOD ENOUGH.
AND AT SOME POINT, WE WILL ALL HAVE TO BECOME SOLDIERS. WE MIGHT ALL HAVE TO BECOME SOLDIERS.
>> Reporter: UKRAINE HAS ACCUSED RUSSIA OF LOOTING MORE THAN 30 MUSEUMS, CALLING IT THE BIGGEST ART THEFT SINCE THE NAZIS IN
WORLD WAR II. IN KHERSON, RUSSIAN SOLDIERS CUT PAINTINGS FROM FRAMES, DRAGGED OUT PRICELESS ANTIQUES, AND
CLEANED OUT MORE THAN 10,000 WORKS OF ART. EVEN SO, CHORNA TOLD US, MANY MUSEUM WORKERS WOULDN'T LEAVE.
>> HOW CAN I LEAVE THESE THINGS TO BE LOOTED OR DESTROYED, IF I KNOW IT'S THE HISTORY THAT WILL LAST FOR GENERATIONS?%
>> CAN YOU EXPLAIN THAT PASSION TO ME? >> I MIGHT NOT BE ABLE TO SAY THAT WITHOUT EMOTIONS, BUT I
THINK THAT, UM -- WELL, SPEAKING OF MYSELF, I UNDERSTAND THAT THE VALUE OF THESE ITEMS, IT'S MUCH HIGHER THAN THE PRICE OF MY
LIFE. >> HIGHER THAN THE PRICE OF YOUR LIFE? >> YES.
YES, BECAUSE THE SCOPE OF AFFECT THSE ARTIFACTS CAN HAVE ON FUTURE GENERATIONS, IT'S UNCOMPARABLE TO THE SCOPE OF
AFFECT THAT ME, MYSELF, A SINGLE PERSON, CAN DO FOR THE CULTURE. >> Reporter: CHORNA TOLD US A TOP RUSSIAN TARGET WAS UKRAINE'S
PRICELESS SCYTHIAN GOLD COLLECTION AT THE MELITOPOL MUSEUM. MUSEUM WORKERS HASTILY HID THE
TREASURES IN CARDBOARD BOXES IN THE MUSEUM'S DANK UNFINISHED BASEMENT. WHEN THE RUSSIANS INVADED, THEY
WASTED NO TIME BEFORE HEADING TO THE MUSEUM, THREATENING TO SHOOT THE LOCKS OFF THE DOOR TO BREAK IN.
THIS CCTV FOOTAGE, NEVER BROADCAST BEFORE, SHOWS THE RUSSIANS HARASSING EMPLOYEES, SEARCHING THE MUSEUM, STASHING
WHAT THEY TOOK IN WHITE CLOSTH SACKS. THAT MORNING, THEY LEFT WITHOUT FINDING THE GOLD.
UNDETERRED, A GROUP OF SOLDIERS TURNED UP AT THE DOOR OF MUSEUM DIRECTOR, LEILA INBRAHIMOVA AND KIDNAPPED HER.
>> THEY PUT A BAG OVER YOUR HEAD AND KIDNAPPED YOU? >> Reporter: I WAS VERY SCARED, SHE TOLD US.
THERE WERE EIGHT OF THEM. THEY WERE WEARING BAKLAVAS AND CARRIED MACHINE GUNS. ONE SOLDIER DID ALL THE TALKING.
THEY TURNED MY HOUSE UPSIDE DOWN, THEN PUT A BAG OVER MY HOLD AND PUT ME IN A CAR. INRA HEE MOVA IS IN HIDING SO WE
AGREED NOT TO SHOW HER FACE. SHE TOLD US THE RUSSIANS INTERROGATED HER ABOUT THE MUSEUM BUT SHE REFUSED TO
COOPERATE. THEY LET HER GO BUT, BUT WHEN HER NAME LATER SURFACED ON A RUSSIAN EXECUTION LIST, SHE FLED
THE COUNTRY. MY LIFE WAS AT RISK, SHE TOLD US, AND STAYING WOULD JEOPARDIZE MY COLLEAGUES, MY FAMILY.
I WAS AFRAID MY HUSBAND AND SON WOULD BE SEARCHED AGAIN. IN THE END, THE RUSSIANS FOUND THE GOLD.
1 # 199 ANCIENT GOLD ARTIFACTS WORTH UNTOLD MILLIONS. THE RUSSIANS' PLUNDER HAS ALL
THE EAR MARKS OF A WAR CRIME, ACCORDING TO VITALIY TYTYCH, A CRIMINAL LAWYER OF 30 YEARS. WHAT TELLS YOU THAT THIS WS
DELIBERATE? >> HE LEADS A NEW UNIT OF UKRAINIAN MILITARY INVESTIGATING RUSSIA'S TARGETING OF HERITAGE
SITES. INTENTIONALLY LOOTING OR DESTROYING CULTURAL PROPERTY DURING A WAR IS A CRIME.
BUT TYTYCH TOLD US, THE RUSSIANS HAVE FLIPPED THE LAW ON ITS HEAD. THE RUSSIANS KEEP SAYING THEY'RE
EVACUATING THESE ARTIFACTS TO SAFEGUARD THEM DURING THE FIGHTING, HE TOLD US, AND THEY WILL RETURN THEM WHEN THE WAR IS
OVER. THAT IS A LIE AND WE ARE READY TO PROVE IDENTIT.. BUT TYTYCH TOLD US, HE'S UNDER
NO ILLUSIONS. THERE HAVE ONLY BEEN TWO CONVICTIONS FOR CULTURAL WAR CRIMES SINCE THE LAW WAS PASSED
IN 1954. >> SO UKRAINE WANTS TO PROSECUTE RUSSIA FOR WAR CRIMES. HOW LIKELY DO YOU THINK THEY
WILL ACTUALLY BE PROSECUTED? I'M WORRIED, HE TOLD US. THE INTERNATIONAL TREATIES TO PREVENT WAR CRIMES HAVE NOT
PROVEN EFFECTIVE, NOR, HE SAID, HAS THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT, BUT THAT'S ALL WE'VE GOT. >> OKAY, LET'S GO IN.
>> Reporter: IN THE VILLAGE LUKASHIVKA, OUTSIDE OF CHERNIHIV, MUSEUM DIRECTOR IHOR POSHYVAILO SHOWED US WHAT WAS
LEFT AFTER THE RUSSIANS SET UP A BASE CAMP INSIDE THE CHURCH, A PROTECTED ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENT.
>> THIS IS REALLY SOMETHING. >> IN THE BATTLE TO FORCE THE RUSSIANS OUT, A MASSIVE FIRE DEMOLISHED THE CHURCH'S HISTORIC
FRESCOS. >> HERE'S ALSO YOU CAN SEE, YOU CAN SEE THE PLACER FROM THE WALL.
>> YOU STILL HAVE THE CROSS HERE. >> YEAH, SO THE CHURCH ITSELF HAS SO MANY LAYERS OF CULTURE,
BUT EVERYTHING IS LOST NOW. >> IN THE NAVE -- >> LOOK AT THIS. >> THIS WAS ALL THAT WAS LEFT.
POSHYVAILO TOLD US THAT THIS WAR IS MORE THAN LAND. >> THIS WAR IS AGAINST OUR HISTORICAL MEMORY, AGAINST OUR
BEING KARINE. >> YOU SAID BEFORE AGAINST YOUR SOUL. >> AGAINST, EXACTLY, AGAINST OUR
SOUL. AGAINST EVERYTHING WHICH MAKES US UKRAINIAN DIFFERENT FROM RUSSIA.
AND THIS WAR HAS SIGNS OF BEING A GENOCIDE WAR AGAINST UKRAINIAN NATION. >> GENOCIDE?
YOU CONSIDER THIS GENOCIDE? >> YES. BECAUSE IT'S AN ATTEMPT TO TOTALLY DESTROY UKRAINE AND
UKRAINIAN NATION. >> Reporter: BUT IT WILL NEVER WOORK, WORK, POSHYVAILO TOLD US.
THE MORE RUSSIANS ATTACK, THE MORE RESILIENT UKRAINIANS BECOME. WE SAW PROOF OF THAT AT THE HOLY
DORMITION CATHEDRAL IN KYIV. A 3-D LASER SCANNER WAS METICULOUSLY CAPTURING EVERY ARCHITECTURAL DETAIL, SO THAT IF
DISASTER STRIKES, THE CHURCH CAN BE REBUILT. IT'S WORK THAT'S GOING ON ACROSS THE COUNTRY, SAVING THE CULTURAL
SOUL OF UKRAINE FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS.
. >>> NOW DR. JON LaPOOK ON ASSIGNMENT FOR "60 MINUTES." >> WITH NEW STRAINS OF COVID
CONTINUING TO APPEAR AND FLU SEASON JUST MONTHS AWAY, WE THOUGHT NOW IS A GOOD TIME TO CONSIDER WHAT THE PANDEMIC HAS
TAUGHT US ABOUT PREVENTING THE SPREAD OF POTENTIALLY DEADLY RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS. IT TURNS OUT VIRUSES LIKE THE
ONE THAT CAUSES COVID-19 CAN TRAVEL MUCH FARTHER THAN 6 FEET. SO PUBLIC HEALTH ADVICE FOCUSING ON SOCIAL DISTANCING, HAND
WASHING, AND MASKING WASN'T ENOUGH. AIR QUALITY SCIENTISTS SAY FROM THE START OF THE PANDEMIC, IT
ALSO SHOULD HAVE FOCUSED ON IMPROVING THE AIR WE ALL BREATHE INDOORS. AS WE FIRST REPORTED LAST FALL,
SOME COMPANIES ARE NOW DOING JUST THAT, FOR THE HEALTH OF THEIR WORKERS AND THE HEALTH OF THEIR BOTTOM LINE.
33 >> THE ORIGINAL SIN OF THE PANDEMIC WAS THE FAILURE TO RECOGNIZE AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION.
>> PROFESSOR JOE ALLEN OF HARVARD'S TH CHANCE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH BELIEVES THE RAPID SPREAD OF COVID IN EARLY 2020
WAS PREVENTABLE. >> THINK ABOUT THE PUBLIC HEALTH GAINS WE'VE MADE OVER THE PAST HUNDRED YEARS.
WE'VE MADE IMPROVEMENTS TO WATER QUALITY, OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION, OUR FOOD SAFETY. WE'VE MADE IMPROVEMENTS TO
SANITATION. ABSOLUTELY BASICS OF PUBLIC HEALTH. WHERE HAS INDOOR AIR BEEN IN
THAT CONVERSATION? IT'S TOTALLY FORGOTTEN ABOUT. AND THE PANDEMIC SHOWED WHAT A GLARING MISTAKE THAT WAS.
>> WHAT DO YOU THINK WAS LOST BECAUSE OF THAT LAG IN UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THIS WAS SPREAD?
>> TENS OF THOUSANDS OF LIVES IN THE U.S., MANY MORE GLOBALLY. IT'S NOT AN EXAGGERATION. >> Reporter: IT'S ALSO NO
EXAGGERATION TO SAY THOSE EARLY DAYS OF COVID WERE UNFORGETTABLE. IN THE U.S., BUT MARCH 2020, THE
VIRUS BEGAN TAKING ITS TOLL IN PLACES LIKE THE LIFECARE CENTER NURSING HOME IN KIRKLAND, WASHINGTON.
60 MILES AWAY IN MT. VERNON, WASHINGTON, THE SKAGIT VALLEY CHORALE HELD ONE OF ITS WEEKLY MEETINGS IN A CHURCH.
HALF OF THE MEMBERS STAYED AWAY, BUT THE OTHER HALF SHOWED UP. AMONG THEM WERE BOARD MEMBERS DEBBIE AMOS, MARK AND RUTH
BACKLUND AND COIZIE BETTINGER. >> WE JUST THOUGHT HAND SANITIZER, WASH YOUR HANDS A LOT, YOU KNOW, DON'T HUG EACH
OTHER, 'CAUSE THAT'S TOUCH. >> Reporter: NONE OF IT WAS GOOD ENOUGH. WITHIN A FEW DAYS, CHORALE
MEMBERS BEGAN TO GET SICK. IN ALL, COVID HIT 53 OF THE 61 PEOPLE THERE THAT NIGHT. TWO OF THEM, BOTH IN THEIR 80s,
DIED. >> WE WERE GOING, THIS HAS GOT TO BE SPREAD SOME OTHER WAY, BECAUSE WE WERE GOOD.
WE WERE GOOD. >> SO COVID WAS PERCOLATING AND YOU THOUGHT YOU WERE DOING EVERYTHING YOU WERE SUPPOSED TO
DO. >> YES. >> RIGHT. >> Reporter: SKAGIT COUNTY
HEALTH OFFICIALS SAID THAT THE REHEARSAL COULD BE CONSIDERED A SUPERSPREADING EVENT, ONE OF THE EARLIEST IN THE COUNTRY, AND
CONCLUDED THAT CHOIR MEMBERS HAD AN INTENSE AND PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO SURFACES, DROPLETS, AND POSSIBLY EVEN MICROSCOPIC
AIRBORNE PARTICLES CALLED AEROSOLS CONTAINING THE VIRUS. THAT CAUGHT THE ATTENTION OF LINSEY MARR AND SEVERAL OF HER
FELLOW RESEARCHERS. EVEN THOUGH THE MEDICAL COMMUNITY WAS FOCUSED ON DROPLETS, SURFACES, AND HAND
WASHING, THESE RESEARCHERS STRONGLY BELIEVED COVID WAS MOSTLY AN AIRBORNE DISEASE, BUT NEEDED MORE PROOF, SO THEY
LAUNCHED THEIR OWN ANALYSIS. >> I THOUGHT, WOW, THIS IS EVEN WORSE THAN I THOUGHT. THIS HAS TO BE AIRBORNE.
THERE'S REALLY NO OTHER EXPLANATION FOR IT. SOME PEOPLE ARE GONNA SAY, OH, THEY ALL TOUCHED THE SAME
DOORKNOB, BUT AFTER THE FIRST FEW PEOPLE TOUCH THAT DOORKNOB, THERE'S NO MORE VIRUS LEFT. THAT'S WHAT HAPPENS WITH OUR
EXHALED BREATH. >> Reporter: PROFESSOR MARR USED A PORTABLE FOGGER TO HELP EXPLAIN HOW SO MANY CHOIR
MEMBERS COULD HAVE GOTTEN SICK. >> WHEN THEY'RE SINGING, THEY'RE RELEASING VIRUS PARTICLES INTO THE AIR CONSTANTLY, PROBABLY,
LIKE THIS. AND THOSE ARE GOING TO DRIFT AROUND IN THE ROOM, NOTICE, THEY'RE NOT JUST FALLING TO THE
GROUND. AND NOW AS WE CONTINUE TO SING, THERE'S MORE AND MORE OF THEM IN THE ROOM, AND AS YOU CAN SEE,
THEY'RE DRIFTING AROUND AND REACHING THESE OTHER PEOPLE NEARBY. AND THEY WERE THERE FOR TWO AND
A HALF HOURS, AND YOU CAN IMAGINE THAT AFTER THAT AMOUNT OF TIME, THE OTHER PEOPLE WOULD HAVE BREATHED IN ENOUGH OF THEM
TO GET SICK THEMSELVES. >> ESPECIALLY IF AT NIGHT, THE HVAC SYSTEM WAS TURNED OFF. >> AS FAR AS WE KNOW, IT WASN'T
RUN RUNNING, SO THERE WAS VERY POOR VENTILATION IN THAT ROOM WHEN THIS WAS ALL HAPPENING.
>> Reporter: AN HVAC UNIT, SHORT FOR HEATING, VENTILATION, AND AIR-CONDITIONING, IS THE HEART AND LUNGS OF ANY BUILDING.
THE RESEARCHERS SUSPECTED THAT THE THERMOSTAT MOST LIKELY SHUT OFF THE HVAC UNIT BECAUSE THE CHORALE MEMBERS WERE GENERATING
ENOUGH HEAT ON THEIR OWN. >> AND RIGHT NOW, THERE'S NO VENTILATION? >> VERY, VERY LOW.
>> OKAY. >> ACTUALLY, IT'S SIMILAR TO WHAT WAS IN THE CHURCH WHERE THE GROUP WAS REHEARSING.
>> Reporter: THEN, PROFESSOR MARR TURNED UP THE CIRCULATION TO SHOW US HOW THE BETTER AIR FLOW COULD HAVE HELPED REMOVE
AEROSOLS AND SLOW THE SPREAD OF VIRUS. >> INSTEAD OF JUST DRIFTING ALL OVER THE ROOM --
>> OH! >> YOU CAN ACTUALLY SEE IT GOING RIGHT UP THERE. >> I SURE CAN.
THAT IS DRAMATIC TO SEE THAT. >> Reporter: THE ANALYSIS LED TO ONE OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT PAPERS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF
VEPTLATION PUBLISHED DURING THE PANDEMIC. NEN THIS 2022, A STUDY IN ITALY WENT FURTHER.
IT FOUND THAT BY USING A SCHOOL'S FANS AND AIR DUCTS TO MECHANICALLY EXCHANGE INDOOR AIR WITH OUTDOOR AIR FIVE TIMES AN
HOUR, THE RISK OF COVID-19 INFECTIONS DECREASED BY AT LEAST 80%. BUT IN THE U.S., IT TOOK UNTIL
MAY OF 2023 FOR THE CDC TO RECOMMEND AN AIR EXCHANGE RATE AT ALL. >> IF YOU LOOK AT THE WAY WE
DESIGN AND OPERATE BUILDINGS, AND I MEAN OFFICES, SCHOOLS, LOCAL COFFEE SHOP, WE HAVEN'T ZIPD FOR HEALTH.
WE HAVE BARE MINIMUM STANDARDS. IN SCHOOLS, THE MINIMUM AIR CHANGE BY DESIGN IS ABOUT THREE AIR CHANGES PER HOUR.
REMEMBER, WE WANT AT LEAST FOUR TO SIX. >> IF WE'D HAD THESE INDOOR AIR QUALITY TARGETS BEFORE THE
PANDEMIC, HOW DO YOU THINK THE PANDEMIC WOULD HAVE UNFOLDED DIFFERENTLY? >> WE STILL WOULD HAVE HAD
SPREAD. THIS ISN'T AN "END-THE-PANDEMIC" THING. WE WOULD HAVE HAD A LOT LESS OF
IT AND WE WOULD HAVE HAD A LOT LESS OF THESE SUPERSPREADING EVENTS. THINK ABOUT THE EARLY DAYS OF
THE PAM. FLATTEN THE CURVE, STAY HOME. WHY WASN'T IMPROVE INDOOR AIR QUALITY PART OF FLATTEN THE
CURVE. WE HAD TOOLS TO PROTECT OURSELVES. MASKING, GREAT TOOL.
IT'S A FILTER. BUT WE IGNORED THE BUILDING SIDE OF THIS. >> Reporter: BUILDINGS ARE
ALLEN'S BUSINESS. AS THE FOUNDER OF HARVARD'S HEALTHY BUILDINGS PROGRAM, HE DIAGNOSES PROBLEMS IN AIR
QUALITY SYSTEMS AND COMES UP WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CLIENTS THAT INCLUDE CBS' PARENT COMPANY, PARAMOUNT, AND COMMERCIAL REAL
ESTATE COMPANIES LIKE BEACON CAPITAL PARTNERS, WITH BUILDINGS LIKE THIS ONE DOWNTOWN IN BOSTON.
AND HE ADVISED AMAZON BEFORE THESE NEW 22-STORY TOWERS OPENED LAST YEAR IN ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA, WHERE HE GAVE US A
TOUR. >> WHAT DOES A STATE OF THE ART BUILDING LOOK LIKE IN TERMS OF AIR
AIR? >> WE SEE A LOT OF ELEMENTS IN THIS BUILDING. YOU HAVE DEDICATED OUTDOOR AIR
SYSTEM THAT'S DELIVERING AIR ABOVE THE MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS, THEN IT'S GOING TWLOU MERV-13 FILTER BANKS, AND YOU HAVE
HIGHLY FILTERED AIR. >> Reporter: MERV STANDS FOR MINIMUM EFFICIENCY REPORTING VALUE.
A RATING OF 13 MEANS IT CATCHES UP TO 90% OF AIRBORNE PARTICLES, DEPENDING ON THEIR SIZE, AS THE FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE NOT JUST
AGAINST COVID, BUT OTHER AIRBORNE RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LIKE FLU AND RSV. >> THIS IS THE PART OF THE
BUILDING NOBODY EVER SEES, BUT THIS DETERMINES WHETHER OR NOT YOU'RE HEALTHY OR SICK IN THIS BUILDING, REALLY, WHAT HAPPENS
IN THIS SPACE. >> YOU CAN JUST SEE THE FILTERS ON THE RIGHT HERE. >> Reporter: AT AMAZON'S NEW
OFFICES, THE TOP FLOOR IS A MAZE OF MOTORS, PIPES, AND AIR DUCTS. >> THIS IS AN AIR INTAKE. >> Reporter: PART OF A 2.5
MILLION DOLLAR HVAC SYSTEM THAT BEGINS WITH MASSIVE ROOFTOP VENTS AND DAMPERS. >> RIGHT HERE, THIS IS THE WHOLE
AIR HANDLING SYSTEM. THIS IS WHERE THE AIR COMES INTO THE BUILDING, IT'S FILTERED, IT'S COOLED AND THEN DELIVERED.
>> Reporter: DOWNSTAIRS, EACH FLOOR HAS A CENSOR THAELS BUILDING IS ENGINEERS ABOUT THE QUALITY OF THE INDOOR AIR, SUCH
AS LEVELS OF CARBON DIOXIDE, KNOWN AS CO2. >> WE BREATHE OUT THE CO2. >> THAT'S RIGHT.
>> HIGH CARBON DIOXIDE MEANS YOU'RE NOT GETTING ENOUGH OUTDOOR AIR FROM THAT SYSTEM WE JUST LOOKED AT.
IF IT'S LOW, YOU'RE IN GOOD SHAPE. THEN WE ALSO MEASURE PARTICLES, THAT TELLS US THINGS ABOUT
OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION. >> THE ENTIRE SYSTEM CAN BE MONITORED AND CONTROLLED FROM THE BASEMENT.
>> REMEMBER WE TALKED ABOUT CARBON DIOXIDE AS AN INDICATOR FOR VENTILATION? CAN I SEE IN THIS BUILDING, ALL
OF THESE ARE UNDER 800 PARTS PER MILLION. >> SO THAT'S GOOD? >> THAT'S GREAT.
AND REALLY IMPORTANT, IF A LOT OF PEOPLE WENT INTO A SPACE, THE CO2 LEVEL WOULD RISE, THIS SYSTEM WOULD RECOGNIZE IT, THE
DAMPERS WOULD OPEN UP AND BRING IN A LOT MORE OUTDOOR AIR. >> Reporter: KATIE HUGHES, AMAZON'S DIRECTOR OF HEALTH AND
SAFETY, POINTED TO THE WAVES OF WILDFIRE SMOKE THAT HAVE SWEPT DOWN FROM CANADA AS THE ULTIMATE TEST OF THE INDOOR AIR QUALITY
SYSTEM SYSTEM. >> NOT TOO LONG AGO, WASHINGTON AND VIRGINIA WERE SMOTHERED BY
THIS SMOKE COMING DOWN FROM CANADA. WHAT HAPPENED IN THIS BUILDING? >> YOU WOULD EXPECT THE AIR
QUALITY WITHIN THE FACILITY TO NOT BE GREAT. OUR PILGDINGS WERE PERFORMING VERY WELL.
>> Reporter: AMAZON SAYS IT HAS UPDATED AND CONTINUES TO MONITORS ITS HVAC SYSTEMS, INCLUDING IN ITS WAREHOUSES.
A RECENT SURVEY OF FACILITY MANAGERS IN THE U.S. AND CANADA FOUND THAT SINCE MARCH OF 20, ROUGHLY TWO-THIRDS OF
RESPONDENTS HAVE UPYGRADED THEI MERV FILTERS AND INCREASED THEIR AIR EXCHANGE RATES. IN NEW YORK CITY, JPMORGAN CHASE
SAYS ITS NEW HEADQUARTERS WILL HAVE STATE OF THE ART AIR QUALITY CONTROLS. AND H THIS NEW SKROOIRP ALREADY
RUNS A NEW HVAC SYSTEM. >> COVID SHIFTED EVERYONE'S MIND-SET IN TERMS OF AIR QUALITY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES.
>> ARE YOU FINDING THAT AMAZON IS MAKING A BUSINESS DECISION PARTIALLY BY SAYING, LOCK, IT'S OKAY FOR YOU TO COME BACK TO
WORK, BECAUSE WE'RE TELLING YOU THE AIR INSIDE THIS BUILDING IS SAFE. >> I THINK IT'S ONE OF MANY
REASONS WHY WE EXPECT OR WOULD LIKE PEOPLE BACK IN THE OFFICE. THAT IS A GOOD THING TO HAVE. IT'S PROBABLY ONE OF MANY
THINGS. >> A WELL-OPERATING HVAC SYSTEM IS NOT ONLY GOOD FOR THE HEALTH OF EMPLOYEES, IT CAN BE GOOD FOR
THE HEALTH OF COMPANIES, TOO. ESPECIALLY WITH PEOPLE WORKING REMOTELY, LEAVING MANY COMMERCIAL BUILDING OWNERS
LOOKING FOR TENANTS. >> THERE'S EMPTY OFFICE SPACE IN NEW YORK CITY AND ELSEWHERE. HOW DO YOU THINK THIS NEW
THINKING MIGHT AFFECT THAT, IN TERMS OF PEOPLE EVEN WANTING TO COME TO WORK? >> THE DYNAMIC HAS CHANGE.
IT'S A TOTAL BUYERS OR TENANTS' MARKET. ALL ELSE EQUAL, WHICH BUILDING ARE YOU GOING TO GO TO.
YOU HAVE YOUR CHOICE PROUN. THIS BUILDING THAT PUT IN HEALTHY BUILDING CONTROLS OR THIS BUILDING THAT'S DESIGNED
THE WAY WE'VE ALWAYS DESIGNED BUILDINGS AND IS PRONE TO BEING A SICK BUILDING? >> SO IT ACTUALLY CAN HELP THE
BOTTOM LINE IN ADDITION TO IMPROVING HEALTH? >> YEAH. >> WHAT ABOUT RETROFITTING A
BUILDING THAT'S OLD. >> I THINK IT'S A MISCONCEPTION THAT OLD BUILDINGS CAN'T BE HEALTHY BUILDINGS.
SOME OF THESE FIXES DON'T COST MUCH. IMPROVING THE FILTRATION IS EASY, IT'S CHEAP, PROTECTS
AGAINST COVID-19, INFLUENZA, AND PROTECTS AGAINST SMOKE AND ALLERGENS. SIMPLE, ABSOLUTE BASIC THINGS
THAT CAN BE DONE. >> THE SKAGIT VALLEY CHORALE REHEARSALS ARE NOW IN A NEW CHURCH WITH A BETTER AIR
FILTRATION SYSTEM. THERE ARE PORTABLE CARBON DIOXIDE MONITORS TO TRACK VENTILATION.
>> WE'VE BEEN THROUGH A TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE. AND WE'VE TRIED TO LEARN FROM THAT AND DID HELP THE SCIENCE
WITH AEROSOL STUDY. AND NOW WE'RE MOVING ON IN A WAY THAT WE CAN STILL SING, BUT IN A MORE SAFE MANNER.
>> DO YOU WORRY THAT WHEN THE SPOTLIGHT OF THE PANDEMIC STARTS TO FADE, THAT PEOPLE WILL FORGET, THAT THEY WON'T ACT THE
WAY THEY SHOULD IN TERMS OF BUILDINGS? >> I'M A BIT MORE OPTIMISTIC THAN THAT.
I THINK THERE ARE FUNDAMENTAL SHIFTS THAT HAVE HAPPENED. THE SCIENTIFIC AND MEDICAL LITERATURE IS BEING RE-WRITTEN.
THE GOVERNMENT AND STANDARD-SETTINGS BODIES ARE SETTING NEW HEALTH STANDARDS. BUSINESSES ARE RESPONDING AND
WON'T FORGET WHAT THIS MEANT TO THEIR EMPLOYEES' HEALTH AND PIZ BUSINESS. SO I DON'T THINK WE'LL FORGET
THESE LESSONS. WE BETTER NOT. >> WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MA
>>> LAST FEBRUARY'S SUPER BOWL WAS FOR THE FIRST TIME HELD IN LAS VEGAS. A FIDGET VENUE GIVEN THE
PROMINENT ROLE THAT GAMBLING PLAYS IN SPORTS TODAY. AMERICA HAS RECENTLY BROUGHT ITS AGE-OLD LOVE OF SPORTS BETTING
OUT OF THE SHADOWS AND ON TO OUR PHONES AND THIS HAS CREATED A AN ALL-TIME MISMATCH, PITTING MAN AGAINST MACHINE.
GAMBLERS, OVERWHELMINGLY YOUNG MEN, VERSUS GAMBLING COMPANIES, ARMED WITH SOPHISTICATE D ZB D , DATA, AND ENGINEEING, ENTICING
FANS TO MAKE SNAP BETS NOT JUST ON GAMES, BUT ON EVERY PLAY WITHIN GAMES. THE EARLY RESULTS?
BILLIONS FOR GAMBLING COMPANIES, LEAGUES, AND STATE GOVERNMENTS. AND AS WE FIRST REPORTED IN FEBRUARY, A GROWING POPULATION
OF SPORTS BETTORS, STRUGGLING TO DEFEND AGAINST THE RUSH. BOSTON IS NOTHING IF NOT A SPORTS TOWN.
AND WHEN THERE'S A GAME, ODDS ARE GOOD THERE ARE GUYS LIKE BILLY, ANDREW AND JOHN AT THE LOCAL BAR.
>> JUST WAITING FOR THE CAMERAS. >> Reporter: THEY GREW UP PLAYING HOCKEY TOGETHER. NOW IN THEIR MID-20s PB THEY
BOND OVER BEER, WINGS, TRASH TALK, AND LATELY A NEW FIXTURE OF THE FAN EXPERIENCE. >> WHAT DO YOU GUYS BET ON?
>> FOOTBALL AND HOCKEY. >> DO YOU HAVE A FAMILY? >> BRUINS, PATRIOTS. IF YOU WANT TO LOSE MONEY, YOU
BET ON THE PATRIOTS. >> WINNING AND LOSING MONEY, FOR MILLIONS OF FANS, LIKE THESE GUYS, IT'S ONE MORE REASON TO
WATCH AND ENJOY SPORTS. DURING GAMES, PROMOTIONS FOR SPORTS BOOKS LIKE FANDUEL AND DRAFTKINGS ARE EVERYWHERE.
ACCOUNTANT LOOIDS BY NEW RIMPB, REVENUE, AT THE TIME OF OUR REPORT, THOUSANDS OF COMPANIES HAVE DONE THAT.
AND AMERICANS HAVE SPENT MORE THAN A QUARTER OF A TRILLION DOLLARS SPORTS BETTING. THAT'S THE GDP OF GREECE.
LEAGUES HAVE CASHED IN. NETWORKS TOO. >> I'VE GOT TEACH YOU HOW TO GAMBLE.
>> Reporter: FOR DECADES, ODDS AND SPOINT SPREADS WERE FORBIDDEN TOPICS, NOW ESPN HAS ITS OWN SPORTS BOOK.
FULL DISCLOSURE, I SIT HERE. >> BACK AT THE BAR, CASUAL SOCIAL BETTORS LIKE BILLY, ANDREW, AND JOHN REVEL IN THEIR
WINS. >> WHAT'D YOU THROW DOWN? >> $8 FOR .347. >> SO YOU WON -- WAIT, YOU
WON -- >> STILL EARLY INNINGS AND REMARKABLY, THERE IS NO FEDERAL FUNDING FOR GAMBLING RESEARCH,
SO DATA IS SCARCE. BUT SURVEY AFTER SURVEY CONFIRMS THAT OF 50 MILLION OR SO SPORT BETTORS IN THE U.S., MEN UNDER
THE AGE OF 35 ARE FAR AND AWAY THE BIGGEST DEMOGRAPHIC. FOR DECADES, LEAGUES FEARED GAMBLING WOULD CORRUPT
COMPETITION. SO FAR, THAT CRISIS HASN'T MUCH HAPPENED, BUT THE LAST FEW YEARS HAS GIVEN SURGE TO A RISE IN
YOUNG GAMBLING A ADDICTS. JOERIY S RESILL LOWE SAYS HIS PROBLEMS STARTED IN HIGH SCHOOL. >> I HAD A BIG IMPACT.
I WORKED MY WHOLE LIFE, I GOT A CHECK EVERY WEEK, BUT IT WOULD DEPOSIT RIGHT INTO WHATEVER APP I WAS USING.
>> WERE YOU INTERESTED IN THE GAME ITSELF? >> I AM A SPORTS FAN, BUT AS THE YEARS COME ON, YOU BECOME LESS
INTERESTED IN THE GAME AND MORE INTERESTED IN THE RESULT. >> Reporter: AND WHO NEEDS A BOOKIE WHEN A FRESH BET IS A
SWIPE AWAY. >> YOU CAN WAKE UP IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT, TAKE YOUR PHONE OUT, SET AN ALARM FOR A MATCH
OVERDOSE OVERSEAS OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT. HE WOULD SNEAK IN BETS AT FAMILY FUNCTIONS.
DELETE THE APPS ONE DAY, REINSTALL THEM THE NEXT. TO HELP TO GET CLEAN, A TECH DOWNGRADE.
>> THIS IS THE PHONE I USE ON A DAILY BASIS. YOU CAN'T GAMBLING ON THIS FUN. >> NOT TOOP APPS ON THIS PHONE?
>> NO. >> I THINK PEOPLE WHO ARE FAMILIAR, MIGHT THINK OF A TYPICAL GAMBLING ADDICT, A
MIDDLE-AGED GUY IN A WIND BREAKER WHO'S BETTING HIS RETIREMENT SAVINGS. >> IT'S MORE PROMINENT IN THE
YOUNGER GENERATION THAN EVER. THE SORTS POBOOKS AND THE COMMERCIALS AND THE LEAGUE THEMSELVES MAKING IT LOOK SO
COOL TO GAMBLE AND RISK YOUR MONEY. >> Reporter: THERE ARE DISTINCT SIGNS OF TROUBLE.
ACCORDING TO A SIENA COLLEGE POLL, WHICH WE FIRST REPORTED IN FEBRUARY, OF THE YOUNG MEN AGER ONLINE.
NEARLY HALF FELT THAT THEY WERE BETTING MORE THAN THEY SHOULD. IN THE FIVE-PLUS YEARS AFTER NEW JERSEY LEGALIZED ONLINE SPORTS
GAMBLING, CALLS TO THE STATE'S PROBLEM GAMBLING HELP LINE NEARLY TRIPLED. THE LARGEST CALLER DEMOGRAPHIC,
25 TO 34. >> THIS IS A PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCY HAPPENING, AND WE'RE NOT TALKING ABOUT IT YET.
>> Reporter: HARRY LEVANT IS A GAMBLING ADDICTION THERAPIST AND LEADING VOICE ON THE PUBLIC HEALTH IMPACTS OF ONLINE SPORTS
BETTING. A DECADE AGO, LEVANT WAS A TRIAL LAWYER, WHOSE GAMBLING ADDICTION WAS SO FIERCE, HE USED CLIENT
MONEY TO FUEL HIS HABIT, LEADING TO HIS DISBARMENT. IN HIS CURRENT CAREER, HE'S NOTICED TODAY'S DESPERATE
GAMBLER LOOKS AND ACTS A LOT DIFFERENT. >> I HAVE PATIENTS WHO GAMBLE IN THE SHOWER, WHO GAMBLE BEFORE
THEY GET OUT OF BED IN THE MORNING, PATIENTS WHO GAMBLE WHILE THEY'RE DRIVING. THERE ARE NO GUARDRAILS.
WE SCIENTIFICALLY KNOW THE RISK RISK/REWARD SYSTEM FOR A YOUNG MAN ISN'T FULLY FORMULATED UNTIL YOU'RE 25.
>> WHERE ARE THEY GETTING THE MNEY? >> I HAVE SOME PATIENTS THAT ARE PATIENTS THAT HAVE GAMBLED
FEDERAL STUDENT LOAN MONEY OR WHO HAVE GAMBLED AWAY INHERITANCES. >> IT WAS AN NFL SUNDAY,
ALTHOUGH ON DRAFTKINGS, THE BETTING OPTIONS EXTENDED FALL BEYOND FOOTBALL. >> SOCCER.
BASKETBALL, HOCKEY, MOTOR SPORTS, RUGBY, VOLLEYBALL. >> AND THERE WAS TENNIS. >> A CHALLENGER QUALIFYING MATCH
IN CHARLOTTESVILLE. >> THOSE ARE TWO NAMES I'VE NEVER HEARD BEFORE. >> THIS IS NOT ABOUT TENNIS.
THEY'RE NOT DESIGNING THEM FOR THE FANS OF QUALIFIER TENNIS IN CHARLOTTESVILLE. THEY'RE DESIGNED FOR PEOPLE WHO
WANT MORE ACTION. >> Reporter: THE TOPPORTUNITIES FOR ACTION ARE LITERALLY LIMITLESS.
LIVE IN-GAME MICROBETTING ALLOWS USERS TO WAGER ON EVERY PITCH, SERVE, AND SNAP. >> IF YOU COME DOWN HERE, YOU
CAN BET ON THE CURRENT DRIVE OF THE GREEN BAY PACKERS, WILL IT BE A PUNT, A TOUCHDOWN, A TURNOVER, OR A FIELD GOAL.
>> Reporter: USING ALGORITHMS POWERED BY ZBLAI, DRAFTKINGS REFRESHES THE ODDS CONSTANTLY. A FAN CAN'T POSSIBLY CALCULATE
WHETHER IT'S A GOOD BET OR A BAD BET. >> THEY HAVE AKDS TO ALL OF THE STATS COMBINED WITH ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE AND THE ABILITY TO PREDICT WHAT WILL DRAW THE ACTION IN. >> Reporter: MATT ZARB'S COUSIN
IS A LEADING GAMBLING REFORMER IN THE UK. HE'S ALSO A RECOVERING GAMBLING ADDICT.
>> I WOULD SAY, UNDERSTAND L WHAT THE NATURE OF THESE COMPANIES REALLY IS. THEY ARE BIG DATA COMPANIES THAT
ARE EXTRACTIVE. >> ZARB'S COUSIN SUCCESSFULLY LOBBIED FOR STRICTER GAMBLING REGULATIONS IN BRITAIN, LIMITING
HOW MUCH COMPANIES CAN ADVERTISE AND HOW MUCH GAMBLERS CAN WAGERER. HE SAID THE UK, WHERE GAMBLING
HAS BEEN LEGAL FOR DECADES, OFFERS A SOBER GLIMPSE FOR WHAT HE BELIEVES IS A CRISIS HEADED STRAIGHT TOWARDS THE U.S.
>> YOU ASSUME IT'S SAFE. YOU DON'T REALIZE HOW EASY IT IS TO GET ADDICTED. >> ADDICTION INTENSIFIED ABOUT
HOW MUCH THE GAMBLING COMPANIES KNOWS ABOUT EACH USER. RECENTLY, ZARB'S COUSIN WAS ABLE TO ACCESS DATA THAT FLUTTER HAD
ON A UK CUSTOMER. THAT DATA WAS USED TO TAILOR OFFERS AND PUSH NOTIFICATIONS TO KEEP THE GUY IN ACTION.
>> WHERE'D YOU LEARN IT? >> ABOUT 93 DIFFERENT DATA POINTS THEY HAD ON THIS INDIVIDUAL WERE WHEN THEY BET,
WHAT OFFERS WORKED, WHAT INDUCEMENTED WORKED. ME HE PLAYED SLOTS FOR THREE TO FOUR DAYS STRAIGHT.
SO PEOPLE THAT HAVE GIVEN UP GAMBLING FOR A WHILE AND THEY'RE TRYING TO GET THEM TO COME BACK. THERE'S 2,514 DEPOSITS IN A YEAR
THIS IS ABOUT SEVEN A DAY. >> THESE GAMBLING COMPANIES THAT KNOW WHEN WE'RE MOST IMPETUOUS, THAT HAS REALMS AND REALMS OF
DATA ON US, WHAT MATCHES THAT FOR THE ADOLESCENT MALE? >> EXACTLY. IT'S NOT A FAIR WAGER.
>> DO THEY HAVE ENOUGH DATA TO PINPOINT POTENTIAL PROBLEM GAMBLER S GAMBLERS?
>> WITHOUT A DOUBT. >> SOMETIMES THEY BAN VULNERABLE CUSTOMERS OUTRIGHT. THE TWO LARGEST SPORTS BOOKS IN
THE U.S. SAID THE SAME, THOUGH DECLINED TO PROVIDE SPECIFIC INSTANCES WHEN THEY'VE DONE SO. WE HAD ARRANGED TO SPEAK TO
DRAFTKINGS ABOUT ALL OF THIS, BUT ABRUPTLY THEY PULLED OUT OF OUR SCHEDULED ON-CAMERA INTERVIEW.
SO WE CAME TO WASHINGTON, D.C. TO MEET BILL MILLER, PRESIDENT OF THE GAMBLING INDUSTRY'S CHIEF TRADE GROUP, THE AMERICAN
GAMBLING ASSOCIATION. TAKE OUT OUR PHONE, 24 HOURS A DAY, A FEW SWIPS. HOW DO YOU RECONCILE THAT WITH
THE FACT THAT THIS ENTERTAINMENT HAS THE POTENTIAL TO ADDICT USERS? >> THE ADDICTION ELEMENT OF, ARE
PEOPLE ADDICTED TO THEIR PHONES, WHICH IS A COMMON PHRASE, I DON'T BELIEVE THAT THERE IS AN ADDICTION TO MOBILE BETTING
ANYMORE THAN THERE IS AN ADDICTION TO UTILIZATION OF YOUR PHONE FOR ANY OTHER REASON. >> YOU DON'T THINK ADDING A
LAYER OF BETTING MAKES THE PHONE MORE ADDICTIVE THAN TOOLING GRANDER INSTAGRAM? >> NO.
>> EVERY CLINICIAN WE'VE SPOKEN TO SAID, WE'VE NOTICED A RISE IN PROBLEM GAMBLING. THERE WERE THERE'S A LOT MORE
PROBLEM GAMBLING THAN THERE WERE PRE-2018. >> I WOULD CONCEDE TO THE FACT THAT THERE ARE MORE PEOPLE WITH
KNOWN GAMBLING PROBLEMS, BECAUSE WE IN THE GAMBLING INDUSTRY ARE FLAGGING THOSE PEOPLE. THE ILLEGAL INDUSTRY DOESN'T
FLAG ANY OF THEM. >> Reporter: MILLER TOLD US SPORTS BOOKS LOOK AT BETTING PATTERNS TO SPOT PROBLEM
GAMBLERS, BUT ACKNOWLEDGE THAT A UNIFORM, INDUSTRY-WIDE POLICY ON THAT IS STILL A WORK IN PROGRESS.
>> THERE IS PROBLEM GAMBLING, IT'S A REAL PROBLEM. WHETHER IT'S GOTTEN BIGGER OR JUST BECOME MORE NOTICEABLE
BECAUSE SPORTS BETTING IS LEGAL, I THINK IS AN UNKNOWN. >> REALLY? >> MY VIEW, ABSOLUTELY, IS WE
NEED TO MAKE SURE WE ARE GIVING PEOPLE THE RESOURCES THEY NEED TO MITIGATE THIS ISSUE. >> YET GIVEN ALL THE HIGH TECH
DESIGNED TO GET GAMBLERS ON TO THE SPORTS BOOK, FOR THOSE SEEKING TO QUIT, THEY'RE OFTEN DIRECTED TO A GLARINGLY
OLD-SCHOOL SOLUTION, A 1-800 NUMBER. >> THAT'S A DANGEROUS APPROACH. >> WHY?
>> IT TAKES THE ENTIRE ONUS TO PUT IT BACK ON THE INDIVIDUAL. TO TAKE AN ADDICTIVE PRODUCT LIKE GAMBLING AND MICROBETTING,
AND DELIVER IT IN LIGHT SPEED, AND SAY TO PEOPLE, USE IN RESPONSIBLY. IT IS WRONG.
AND IT'S VERY SIMILAR TO WHAT HAPPENED WITH TOBACCO. >> Reporter: HARRY LEVANT DOESN'T MAKE THAT ANALOGY
CASUALLY. RECENTLY, HE HAD PAIRED UP AN ARK TOESKT FIRST MAJOR LAWSUITS AGAINST THE BIG GAK COMPANIES.
ALONG WITH MARK GOTTLIEB, THEY WERE PREPARING TO WAGE WAR AGAINST MOBILE GAMBLING ADDICTION.
>> YOU MADE A NAME FOR YOURSELF FIGHTING BIG TOBACCO. WHAT YOU SEE AS THE OVERLAMB? >> FIRST OF ALL, WE'RE DEALING
WITH AN ADDICTIVE PRODUCT. WE'RE DEALING WITH AN INDUSTRY THAT WILL STILL DEFEND SOMETIMES ON THE BASIS THAT IT'S REALLY A
SMOKER WHO'S MAKING THE CHOICE. SO WE HAVE THAT KPLGT WITH THE GAMBLING INDUSTRY. >> FOLLOWING DEIGNARD'S FWLTOBA
PLAYBOOK, THEY FILED THE FIRST OF WHAT WILL BE A SERIES OF LAWSUITS, SUING DRAFTKINGS FOR DECEPTIVE ADVERTISING, CLAIMS
DRAFTKINGS DRAFTKINGS, QUOTE, DISAGREES WITH. THE GROUP IS LOBBYING CONGRESS
TO ENACT FEDERAL REGULATIONS. THEY SAY THE CURRENT MISHMASH OF STATE-BY-STATE POLICIES JUST SUSPECT WORKING.
>> THIS IS NOT THE TEMPERANCE UNION AND YOU'RE TRYING TO OUTLAW GAMBLING. >> WE HAVE SEEN CERTAINLY WITH A
TOBACCO A LOT OF RULES TO CONTROL THE WAY THESE PRODUCTS ARE PROMOTED. AND WE WOULD LIKE TO SEE THAT
WITH THESE PRODUCTS AS WELL. RIGHT NOW, IT'S SOMETIMES A ASCRIBED AS THE WILD WEST, BECAUSE THERE'S ALMOST NO
CONTROLS AT ALL. >> SAFE TO SAY WHEN THE SUPREME COURT OPENED THE FLOOT GAETZ TO SPORTS BETTING IN 2018, IT
DIDN'T ANTICIPATE AI-POWERED ODDS ON EVERY SNAP. OR PUSH NOTIFICATIONS DESIGNED TO KEEP BETTERSES BETTING.
>> THAT WAS ONLY FIVE YEARS AGO. >> THAT'S THE FRIGHTENING THIS. WHAT'S IT GOING TO LOOK LIKE FIVE YEARS FROM NOW.
THESE HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BECOME MORE
>>>