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00:00:01,333 --> 00:00:07,276
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:00:07,300 --> 00:00:08,676
BUCHANAN:
As a cameraman,

3
00:00:08,700 --> 00:00:11,342
I've filmed wildlife
all over the planet,

4
00:00:11,366 --> 00:00:14,009
but there are limits
to where I can go.

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00:00:14,033 --> 00:00:18,642
{\an1}She's returning to the place
that I can't follow her.

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00:00:18,666 --> 00:00:21,276
So in this series,
it's the animals

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00:00:21,300 --> 00:00:24,542
{\an1}that are doing the filming,
to reveal the secret side

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00:00:24,566 --> 00:00:27,742
of their lives
we've never seen before.

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00:00:27,766 --> 00:00:30,509
- Oh, that's so cool.
- That is lovely.

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00:00:30,533 --> 00:00:31,776
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Over the years,

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00:00:31,800 --> 00:00:33,809
we've designed
pioneering mini cameras

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00:00:33,833 --> 00:00:36,642
{\an1}for a huge range of animals.

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00:00:36,666 --> 00:00:38,242
{\an1}It's like a job interview.

14
00:00:38,266 --> 00:00:41,109
{\an1}Everything is made to measure.

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00:00:41,133 --> 00:00:44,009
Just figuring out
what her new bit of bling is.

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00:00:44,033 --> 00:00:46,142
And we've teamed up
with scientists

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00:00:46,166 --> 00:00:48,876
{\an1}who want to see the world from
an animal's perspective

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00:00:48,900 --> 00:00:51,176
{\an1}to learn about the challenges
they face

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00:00:51,200 --> 00:00:53,976
and help protect them
in the future.

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00:00:54,000 --> 00:00:56,409
{\an1}JOHNSON: She is potentially
showing us parts of the ocean

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00:00:56,433 --> 00:00:58,342
{\an1}that no one has seen before.

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{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:00:59,367 --> 00:01:00,976
BUCHANAN:
In this special episode...

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00:01:01,000 --> 00:01:03,076
we head to Australia.

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00:01:03,100 --> 00:01:06,009
{\an1}Are koalas' evening activities
at odds

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00:01:06,033 --> 00:01:09,009
with their
dozy-daytime reputation?

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00:01:09,033 --> 00:01:14,676
Can kangaroos survive
on the edge of urban expansion?

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{\an1}And what has drawn 20,000 bats
to life in a new city?

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00:01:19,166 --> 00:01:21,342
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:01:21,366 --> 00:01:24,176
{\an1}This is "Animals with Cameras."

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00:01:24,200 --> 00:01:29,666
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:01:46,766 --> 00:01:48,709
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:01:48,733 --> 00:01:51,009
BUCHANAN:
On Australia's east coast...

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{\an8}♪♪♪

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{\an7}...high in the towering trees
of Queensland,

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{\an7}is one of the country's
most iconic species...

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{\an1}best known for their love
of eucalyptus leaves

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00:02:02,600 --> 00:02:04,576
and dozing through
the heat of the day...

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00:02:04,600 --> 00:02:08,376
{\an8}♪♪♪

40
00:02:08,400 --> 00:02:11,209
the koala...

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00:02:11,233 --> 00:02:14,009
{\an1}with specialized claws
for gripping tree trunks

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00:02:14,033 --> 00:02:16,009
up to 100 feet up...

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00:02:16,033 --> 00:02:17,976
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:19,542
and an excellent sense of smell

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00:02:19,566 --> 00:02:23,042
for seeking out
the freshest gum leaves.

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00:02:23,066 --> 00:02:28,209
{\an1}These marsupials are superbly
adapted to their environment.

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00:02:28,233 --> 00:02:31,476
With speckled bottoms
to help with camouflage...

48
00:02:31,500 --> 00:02:34,776
{\an1}these specially toughened rumps
enable koalas

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00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:38,442
to wedge themselves
comfortably in tree forks,

50
00:02:38,466 --> 00:02:43,676
where they can sleep
for up to 20 hours a day.

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00:02:43,700 --> 00:02:45,442
{\an1}Their tree-hugging posture

52
00:02:45,466 --> 00:02:48,942
{\an1}is more than an affectionate
arboreal embrace, too.

53
00:02:48,966 --> 00:02:52,276
{\an1}Tree trunks can be as much
as 10 degrees cooler

54
00:02:52,300 --> 00:02:54,742
than the surrounding
air temperature...

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00:02:54,766 --> 00:02:58,776
{\an1}which, in this region, can reach
over 100 degrees Fahrenheit

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00:02:58,800 --> 00:03:00,509
{\an1}in the height of summer.

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00:03:00,533 --> 00:03:02,676
{\an8}♪♪♪

58
00:03:02,700 --> 00:03:05,509
{\an1}Tree-hugging is a means
to keep cool,

59
00:03:05,533 --> 00:03:09,509
as well as look
effortlessly chilled.

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00:03:09,533 --> 00:03:13,276
{\an1}This one may look blissfully
happy nestled in her tree,

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00:03:13,300 --> 00:03:15,876
{\an1}but Koalas are in trouble.

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00:03:15,900 --> 00:03:18,542
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:03:18,566 --> 00:03:21,342
{\an1}The open forest and bushland
they call home

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00:03:21,366 --> 00:03:23,509
{\an1}is rapidly disappearing...

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00:03:23,533 --> 00:03:25,542
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:03:25,566 --> 00:03:29,742
{\an1}...lost to agriculture,
urban development,

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00:03:29,766 --> 00:03:32,276
{\an1}and ever-increasing bush fires.

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00:03:32,300 --> 00:03:36,109
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:03:36,133 --> 00:03:38,842
{\an1}There are now fewer than 35,000

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00:03:38,866 --> 00:03:42,776
left in this corner
of Queensland.

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00:03:42,800 --> 00:03:46,109
And each year,
over 2,000 homeless koalas

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00:03:46,133 --> 00:03:47,776
are taken into care.

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00:03:47,800 --> 00:03:49,776
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:03:49,800 --> 00:03:53,242
While much is known
about koalas' daytime habits...

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00:03:53,266 --> 00:03:57,809
what they do at night
is still a mystery.

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00:03:57,833 --> 00:04:00,842
{\an1}This information, however,
could be crucial to help

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00:04:00,866 --> 00:04:03,233
{\an1}conserve their population
in the future.

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00:04:04,733 --> 00:04:06,876
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:04:06,900 --> 00:04:12,009
This is Hidden Vale,
a 12,500-acre private property

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00:04:12,033 --> 00:04:15,509
where the land and
koala population are protected.

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00:04:15,533 --> 00:04:17,509
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:04:17,533 --> 00:04:20,676
{\an1}It could be a candidate location
to release koalas

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00:04:20,700 --> 00:04:22,342
{\an1}who have lost their homes...

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00:04:22,366 --> 00:04:24,376
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:04:24,400 --> 00:04:27,676
{\an1}...but first, it's vital to know
how much space the ones

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00:04:27,700 --> 00:04:30,942
{\an1}that already live here need
to avoid overcrowding.

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00:04:30,966 --> 00:04:33,909
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:04:33,933 --> 00:04:35,809
{\an1}Andrew Tribe and Karmen Butler

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00:04:35,833 --> 00:04:38,142
have been tracking
the resident population here

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00:04:38,166 --> 00:04:40,442
{\an1}for the past 2 1/2 years.

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00:04:40,466 --> 00:04:42,576
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:04:42,600 --> 00:04:45,576
{\an7}TRIBE: We have we estimate
about 60 koalas,

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00:04:45,600 --> 00:04:50,642
{\an7}but at the moment, we are
tracking about 20 of those.

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00:04:50,666 --> 00:04:54,776
{\an1}All our koalas of course
are named, and we've found

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00:04:54,800 --> 00:04:57,276
that they each have
their own personality.

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00:04:57,300 --> 00:04:59,842
BUCHANAN:
Miriam, Dave, and Karen

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00:04:59,866 --> 00:05:05,009
{\an1}are just a few of the characters
that call Hidden Vale home.

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00:05:05,033 --> 00:05:08,976
{\an1}Using lightweight GPS collars
and VHF ear tags,

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00:05:09,000 --> 00:05:12,809
Andrew is able
to monitor their movements.

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00:05:12,833 --> 00:05:14,309
TRIBE:
Every 12 hours,

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00:05:14,333 --> 00:05:16,709
we get a reading
of where each koala is,

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00:05:16,733 --> 00:05:18,842
which means we know
where it's been,

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00:05:18,866 --> 00:05:20,309
{\an1}how far it's traveled.

104
00:05:20,333 --> 00:05:24,042
{\an1}We also physically go out
and track them.

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00:05:24,066 --> 00:05:28,042
{\an1}We've been able to establish
how big their home ranges are,

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00:05:28,066 --> 00:05:32,042
{\an1}where they like to go,
with whom they like to interact,

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00:05:32,066 --> 00:05:36,276
{\an1}although we still don't know
about their behavior at night.

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00:05:36,300 --> 00:05:39,242
BUCHANAN: So what
<i>do
they get up to in the dark?</i>

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00:05:39,266 --> 00:05:42,742
{\an1}Although Andrew's GPS collars
track the koalas' movements,

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00:05:42,766 --> 00:05:46,109
he can't see what
the animals are actually doing.

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00:05:46,133 --> 00:05:50,109
To find out,
he needs on-board cameras.

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00:05:50,133 --> 00:05:51,776
TRIBE:
We know they sit in trees,

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{\an1}and we know they eat leaves
and that sort of thing,

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00:05:54,066 --> 00:05:56,909
{\an1}but what I'd like to find out
is a bit more detail about that.

115
00:05:56,933 --> 00:05:58,442
How much time
do they spend eating?

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00:05:58,466 --> 00:06:00,176
How far do they move?

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00:06:00,200 --> 00:06:03,042
How far do they move
in the one tree?

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00:06:03,066 --> 00:06:05,309
BUCHANAN: Footage of
this behavior could really help

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00:06:05,333 --> 00:06:08,342
Andrew's ongoing
tracking studies

120
00:06:08,366 --> 00:06:11,609
{\an1}and, crucially, identify
whether any rescued koalas

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00:06:11,633 --> 00:06:14,942
{\an1}could be introduced here.

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00:06:14,966 --> 00:06:17,109
{\an1}For the koala camera build,

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00:06:17,133 --> 00:06:19,676
it's time to call on
designer Chris Watts.

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00:06:19,700 --> 00:06:21,876
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:06:21,900 --> 00:06:24,709
An expert in bespoke
camera technology,

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00:06:24,733 --> 00:06:26,709
{\an1}Chris has made cameras
for animals

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00:06:26,733 --> 00:06:29,776
{\an1}of every shape and size.

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00:06:29,800 --> 00:06:32,942
{\an1}WATTS: The koalas currently wear
a collar like this,

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00:06:32,966 --> 00:06:34,609
{\an1}with a GPS unit on the top,

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00:06:34,633 --> 00:06:36,442
and it has
a counter weight underneath,

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00:06:36,466 --> 00:06:38,109
which keeps
the aerial pointing upwards,

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00:06:38,133 --> 00:06:39,609
{\an1}which is really good for signal.

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00:06:39,633 --> 00:06:41,609
We're going to take
this weight away,

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00:06:41,633 --> 00:06:43,909
and that is where
we are going to put our camera.

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00:06:43,933 --> 00:06:46,409
{\an1}And it's kind of fixed
on a hinge,

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00:06:46,433 --> 00:06:48,909
which means that when
the koala is upright,

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00:06:48,933 --> 00:06:51,442
{\an1}it can hang against the body,
and that's really good

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00:06:51,466 --> 00:06:53,442
{\an1}because you don't want
a camera sticking out

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00:06:53,466 --> 00:06:56,242
{\an1}because they hug the trees.

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00:06:56,266 --> 00:06:59,109
{\an1}BUCHANAN: With the cameras
built and ready to deploy,

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it's time to recruit
a koala camera unit.

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00:07:01,966 --> 00:07:06,809
{\an8}♪♪♪

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00:07:06,833 --> 00:07:08,109
{\an1}The koalas at Hidden Vale

144
00:07:08,133 --> 00:07:10,876
{\an1}are captured regularly
for health checks.

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00:07:10,900 --> 00:07:14,642
{\an8}♪♪♪

146
00:07:14,666 --> 00:07:16,742
{\an1}On the catch list this week
are koalas

147
00:07:16,766 --> 00:07:19,409
{\an1}Robyn, Tom, and Hunter.

148
00:07:19,433 --> 00:07:23,309
{\an8}♪♪♪

149
00:07:23,333 --> 00:07:26,342
Andrew's team
use a technique called flagging

150
00:07:26,366 --> 00:07:28,542
to encourage
the koalas down from the gumtree

151
00:07:28,566 --> 00:07:31,776
and capture them
with a minimum of stress.

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00:07:31,800 --> 00:07:34,442
{\an8}♪♪♪

153
00:07:34,466 --> 00:07:36,442
TRIBE:
Get ready, mate, get ready.

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00:07:36,466 --> 00:07:39,742
{\an8}♪♪♪

155
00:07:39,766 --> 00:07:41,109
{\an1}Stay still, stay still.

156
00:07:41,133 --> 00:07:42,776
{\an8}♪♪♪

157
00:07:42,800 --> 00:07:44,809
Okay, well-done.

158
00:07:44,833 --> 00:07:51,809
{\an8}♪♪♪

159
00:07:51,833 --> 00:07:53,409
BUCHANAN:
Safely in their crates,

160
00:07:53,433 --> 00:07:56,342
{\an1}the koalas make the short trip
back to the vet center

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00:07:56,366 --> 00:07:59,776
{\an1}for a health assessment and to
be fitted with the cameras.

162
00:07:59,800 --> 00:08:02,142
{\an8}♪♪♪

163
00:08:02,166 --> 00:08:04,342
Hunter is first.

164
00:08:04,366 --> 00:08:06,009
{\an1}He's lightly anaesthetized

165
00:08:06,033 --> 00:08:07,709
and checked over
by the veterinary team.

166
00:08:07,733 --> 00:08:09,309
WOMAN:
Zero two...

167
00:08:09,333 --> 00:08:11,176
MAN:
Still growing.

168
00:08:11,200 --> 00:08:13,809
{\an8}♪♪♪

169
00:08:13,833 --> 00:08:17,709
{\an1}KIRSTEN: He is approximately
3 1/2 years old.

170
00:08:17,733 --> 00:08:20,376
{\an1}And he is in really nice
body condition.

171
00:08:20,400 --> 00:08:22,409
{\an8}♪♪♪

172
00:08:22,433 --> 00:08:23,976
BUCHANAN:
All checked over,

173
00:08:24,000 --> 00:08:27,309
{\an1}Chris gets to work attaching
the camera to Hunter's collar.

174
00:08:27,333 --> 00:08:31,342
{\an8}♪♪♪

175
00:08:31,366 --> 00:08:33,942
{\an1}WATTS: The camera looks like
it's fitting really nicely.

176
00:08:33,966 --> 00:08:36,942
{\an1}And the thing that I wasn't able
to test until now

177
00:08:36,966 --> 00:08:38,609
is to see
how that hinge is working

178
00:08:38,633 --> 00:08:40,642
and see how it sits
against the chest,

179
00:08:40,666 --> 00:08:43,509
{\an1}and it looks like it is spot on,
so that's really good.

180
00:08:43,533 --> 00:08:45,442
[ Monitor beeping ]

181
00:08:45,466 --> 00:08:47,376
BUCHANAN:
After a few hours' recovery,

182
00:08:47,400 --> 00:08:50,109
{\an1}Hunter is ready to be released
back into the tree

183
00:08:50,133 --> 00:08:51,676
where he was found.

184
00:08:51,700 --> 00:08:54,776
{\an8}♪♪♪

185
00:08:54,800 --> 00:08:56,276
BUTLER:
He's ready already.

186
00:08:56,300 --> 00:09:00,876
{\an1}WATTS: He's definitely seen it,
hasn't he?

187
00:09:00,900 --> 00:09:02,309
{\an1}BUTLER: And if we just
stay really still

188
00:09:02,333 --> 00:09:03,509
and really quiet...

189
00:09:03,533 --> 00:09:08,742
{\an8}♪♪♪

190
00:09:08,766 --> 00:09:10,042
WATTS:
That was a pretty calm release.

191
00:09:10,066 --> 00:09:14,309
{\an1}BUTLER: Yeah, he's a pretty
good boy, pretty calm.

192
00:09:14,333 --> 00:09:17,009
{\an1}BUCHANAN: But although reunited
with his tree,

193
00:09:17,033 --> 00:09:20,176
Hunter soon decides
he'd prefer a different one...

194
00:09:20,200 --> 00:09:22,476
{\an8}♪♪♪

195
00:09:22,500 --> 00:09:26,842
{\an1}...an interesting insight
into how fast koalas can move,

196
00:09:26,866 --> 00:09:28,642
if they want to.

197
00:09:28,666 --> 00:09:31,176
{\an1}WATTS: So, although we released
Hunter from the tree

198
00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:32,709
{\an1}in which he was found,
he came down

199
00:09:32,733 --> 00:09:35,842
{\an1}and ran across and found
this tree just over here.

200
00:09:35,866 --> 00:09:39,509
{\an8}♪♪♪

201
00:09:39,533 --> 00:09:42,009
{\an1}BUCHANAN: And as Hunter
settles into his
<i>new</i> 
tree

202
00:09:42,033 --> 00:09:43,676
{\an1}unhindered by his camera,

203
00:09:43,700 --> 00:09:47,209
{\an1}Robyn and Tom are also
returned to the treetops.

204
00:09:47,233 --> 00:09:50,976
{\an8}♪♪♪

205
00:09:51,000 --> 00:09:53,509
TRIBE:
So now the big test will be

206
00:09:53,533 --> 00:09:56,876
what shots do we get?

207
00:09:56,900 --> 00:09:59,842
BUCHANAN: And what do
these shots tell us

208
00:09:59,866 --> 00:10:01,842
about
their night-time movements?

209
00:10:01,866 --> 00:10:08,342
{\an8}♪♪♪

210
00:10:08,366 --> 00:10:10,542
{\an1}After a night of recording,

211
00:10:10,566 --> 00:10:14,009
at first light,
Chris, Andrew, and Karmen

212
00:10:14,033 --> 00:10:17,309
are keen to retrieve
the cameras.

213
00:10:17,333 --> 00:10:19,576
{\an1}Armed with the koalas'
GPS coordinates,

214
00:10:19,600 --> 00:10:23,342
it's not long before
they track down Tom.

215
00:10:23,366 --> 00:10:27,576
TRIBE: Well, he's in
a good position, not too high.

216
00:10:27,600 --> 00:10:30,042
{\an1}BUCHANAN: With everyone poised
for a catch,

217
00:10:30,066 --> 00:10:31,942
{\an1}it's time for the release...

218
00:10:31,966 --> 00:10:34,076
{\an8}♪♪♪

219
00:10:34,100 --> 00:10:35,609
{\an1}WATTS: Three, two, one.

220
00:10:35,633 --> 00:10:37,842
Releasing.

221
00:10:37,866 --> 00:10:42,276
BUCHANAN:
and the camera drops.

222
00:10:42,300 --> 00:10:43,676
[ Laughter ]

223
00:10:43,700 --> 00:10:46,442
WATTS:
Well, it's worked!

224
00:10:46,466 --> 00:10:48,776
TRIBE:
He's now moved higher,

225
00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:51,109
so that's alright,
but he's otherwise undisturbed.

226
00:10:51,133 --> 00:10:52,533
WATTS:
Okay, that's great.

227
00:10:54,800 --> 00:10:56,309
BUCHANAN:
Next on the retrieval list

228
00:10:56,333 --> 00:10:59,276
{\an1}is Hunter, who is snoozing
through the heat of the day

229
00:10:59,300 --> 00:11:01,509
in an ironbark tree.

230
00:11:01,533 --> 00:11:03,476
WATTS: So I'm really
excited about this one.

231
00:11:03,500 --> 00:11:05,109
{\an1}Hunter is the big male,
isn't he?

232
00:11:05,133 --> 00:11:07,009
TRIBE:
He is, yes. 7.1 kilos.

233
00:11:07,033 --> 00:11:08,842
WATTS:
And he is quite high,

234
00:11:08,866 --> 00:11:11,042
so I'm thinking maybe
we use the tarp on this one.

235
00:11:11,066 --> 00:11:14,176
Don't want it to land
on our heads.

236
00:11:14,200 --> 00:11:16,676
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Oblivious to the plans
being made below,

237
00:11:16,700 --> 00:11:20,342
{\an1}Hunter remains fast asleep...

238
00:11:20,366 --> 00:11:24,709
{\an1}firmly hugging his camera
to the tree trunk.

239
00:11:24,733 --> 00:11:26,609
Tarp at the ready,

240
00:11:26,633 --> 00:11:28,642
Andrew releases
Hunter's camera...

241
00:11:28,666 --> 00:11:30,309
TRIBE: Sending.

242
00:11:30,333 --> 00:11:32,942
BUCHANAN:
but nothing happens.

243
00:11:32,966 --> 00:11:34,276
WATTS:
Does it say released?

244
00:11:34,300 --> 00:11:36,442
TRIBE:
It said sending, released.

245
00:11:36,466 --> 00:11:39,509
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Hunter, it seems,
is asleep on the job.

246
00:11:39,533 --> 00:11:41,809
[ Laughter ]

247
00:11:41,833 --> 00:11:44,976
{\an1}TRIBE: I think, Hunter,
we need you to move.

248
00:11:45,000 --> 00:11:46,609
Come on.

249
00:11:46,633 --> 00:11:49,742
BUCHANAN:
Eventually, Hunter obliges...

250
00:11:49,766 --> 00:11:51,076
WATTS:
Oh, he's moving.

251
00:11:51,100 --> 00:11:52,476
TRIBE:
Here we go!

252
00:11:52,500 --> 00:11:54,276
BUCHANAN:
and this time,

253
00:11:54,300 --> 00:11:55,776
the team
have more luck with the catch.

254
00:11:55,800 --> 00:11:57,142
{\an1}- WATTS: Good reaction.
- BUTLER: Better than last time.

255
00:11:57,166 --> 00:11:58,209
WATTS:
Yeah, amazing.

256
00:11:58,233 --> 00:12:00,142
BUCHANAN:
While Hunter looks on bemused,

257
00:12:00,166 --> 00:12:03,566
{\an1}the team head off to find Robyn
and the final camera.

258
00:12:05,533 --> 00:12:12,142
{\an8}♪♪♪

259
00:12:12,166 --> 00:12:14,509
With everyone
at a safe distance,

260
00:12:14,533 --> 00:12:16,242
{\an1}Chris releases the camera.

261
00:12:16,266 --> 00:12:19,809
WATTS:
Three, two, one, releasing.

262
00:12:19,833 --> 00:12:21,176
{\an8}♪♪♪

263
00:12:21,200 --> 00:12:24,842
Oh, there we go.

264
00:12:24,866 --> 00:12:28,676
{\an1}TRIBE: Missed the tarpaulin
by that much.

265
00:12:28,700 --> 00:12:32,276
{\an1}BUCHANAN: With all the cameras
back and mostly in one piece,

266
00:12:32,300 --> 00:12:34,776
{\an1}time to see what they reveal.

267
00:12:34,800 --> 00:12:38,109
{\an8}♪♪♪

268
00:12:38,133 --> 00:12:41,609
{\an1}At dusk, the team reconvene
to have a look.

269
00:12:41,633 --> 00:12:44,442
{\an8}♪♪♪

270
00:12:44,466 --> 00:12:47,809
{\an1}For Karmen and Andrew,
it's a tantalizing glimpse

271
00:12:47,833 --> 00:12:51,742
{\an1}inside a koala's world.

272
00:12:51,766 --> 00:12:54,942
{\an1}And it's a raucous start
from Hunter.

273
00:12:54,966 --> 00:12:57,666
[ Hunter bellowing ]

274
00:12:58,633 --> 00:12:59,942
BUTLER:
Ah, wow, that is cool.

275
00:12:59,966 --> 00:13:01,042
WATTS: Wow.

276
00:13:01,066 --> 00:13:05,509
BUCHANAN:
He is what's known as bellowing.

277
00:13:05,533 --> 00:13:08,842
{\an1}And this the first time
a koala bellow

278
00:13:08,866 --> 00:13:11,509
has been recorded
at this proximity.

279
00:13:11,533 --> 00:13:14,176
[ Bellowing ]

280
00:13:14,200 --> 00:13:16,509
Dominant males
call out like this

281
00:13:16,533 --> 00:13:19,542
{\an1}to advertise themselves
to nearby females

282
00:13:19,566 --> 00:13:23,266
and alert other males
to stay away.

283
00:13:28,366 --> 00:13:31,942
{\an1}Territorial call complete,
it's time for dinner.

284
00:13:31,966 --> 00:13:34,076
{\an8}♪♪♪

285
00:13:34,100 --> 00:13:35,942
By the looks
of the thin branches,

286
00:13:35,966 --> 00:13:39,076
{\an1}Hunter is precariously high
in the treetops,

287
00:13:39,100 --> 00:13:43,809
{\an1}reaching out for the newest,
lushest growth.

288
00:13:43,833 --> 00:13:45,609
{\an1}TRIBE: It's interesting here
with this footage

289
00:13:45,633 --> 00:13:48,442
{\an1}to see how their fingers,
their claws,

290
00:13:48,466 --> 00:13:52,276
{\an1}their digits actually work
as they are climbing.

291
00:13:52,300 --> 00:13:54,609
BUCHANAN:
Koalas have two opposable thumbs

292
00:13:54,633 --> 00:13:56,109
on each front paw

293
00:13:56,133 --> 00:13:59,642
{\an1}to help clasp tree trunks
and grip branches.

294
00:13:59,666 --> 00:14:02,342
TRIBE:
They've got a very strong grip.

295
00:14:02,366 --> 00:14:04,676
{\an1}You haven't been gripped by
a koala yet, have you?

296
00:14:04,700 --> 00:14:08,042
- WATTS: No.
- TRIBE: [ Laughs ] It's strong.

297
00:14:08,066 --> 00:14:10,676
BUCHANAN:
Koalas almost exclusively feed

298
00:14:10,700 --> 00:14:13,342
on low-nutrient
eucalyptus leaves.

299
00:14:13,366 --> 00:14:19,209
{\an1}And they can nibble through
almost a pound in one evening.

300
00:14:19,233 --> 00:14:22,009
{\an1}These leaves are poisonous
to most animals,

301
00:14:22,033 --> 00:14:25,342
{\an1}but koalas have evolved
to digest the toxins.

302
00:14:25,366 --> 00:14:29,209
{\an8}♪♪♪

303
00:14:29,233 --> 00:14:35,042
{\an1}The camera records Hunter
eating for three hours straight.

304
00:14:35,066 --> 00:14:38,466
{\an1}Tom, on the other hand,
is on the move.

305
00:14:42,966 --> 00:14:44,609
WATTS:
It's so easy to forget

306
00:14:44,633 --> 00:14:46,109
when you are watching
this night-time footage that

307
00:14:46,133 --> 00:14:47,110
{\an1}that's not what they are seeing.

308
00:14:47,134 --> 00:14:50,276
{\an1}They are in total darkness.

309
00:14:50,300 --> 00:14:53,409
{\an1}BUCHANAN: A koala's eyesight
is their weakest sense,

310
00:14:53,433 --> 00:14:55,109
{\an1}so while on the ground,

311
00:14:55,133 --> 00:14:58,776
{\an1}Tom regularly makes stops
to check his surroundings.

312
00:14:58,800 --> 00:15:01,509
{\an1}TRIBE: But he's obviously
sort of orientating himself.

313
00:15:01,533 --> 00:15:04,676
He's obviously
deliberately stopping.

314
00:15:04,700 --> 00:15:07,842
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Tom is using his
highly developed sense of smell

315
00:15:07,866 --> 00:15:11,900
{\an1}to navigate and assess
his surroundings for danger.

316
00:15:13,800 --> 00:15:15,976
And he presses on,

317
00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:21,676
{\an1}covering almost 600 yards
of ground in 30 minutes.

318
00:15:21,700 --> 00:15:28,542
{\an1}For an arboreal species, this is
a midnight marsupial marathon.

319
00:15:28,566 --> 00:15:30,909
So what about Robyn?

320
00:15:30,933 --> 00:15:33,276
{\an1}TRIBE: It is interesting,
seeing what she is seeing,

321
00:15:33,300 --> 00:15:36,409
{\an1}and seeing how she is moving
and how she is behaving.

322
00:15:36,433 --> 00:15:38,942
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Her footage begins
with a dedicated hunt

323
00:15:38,966 --> 00:15:41,909
for a new tree.

324
00:15:41,933 --> 00:15:44,833
{\an1}TRIBE: You wonder if she has got
a destination in mind?

325
00:15:47,133 --> 00:15:49,142
BUCHANAN:
Female koala home ranges

326
00:15:49,166 --> 00:15:52,109
are usually smaller
than the males.

327
00:15:52,133 --> 00:15:54,276
The amount of time
Robyn is spending on the ground

328
00:15:54,300 --> 00:15:58,276
{\an1}is unexpected... and dangerous.

329
00:15:58,300 --> 00:16:00,742
{\an1}TRIBE: I thought she might have
got up a tree much quicker.

330
00:16:00,766 --> 00:16:03,142
{\an1}If there is any predators
around, particularly dogs,

331
00:16:03,166 --> 00:16:06,009
{\an1}they can pick up her scent
and chase her down.

332
00:16:06,033 --> 00:16:07,876
{\an8}♪♪♪

333
00:16:07,900 --> 00:16:09,409
BUCHANAN:
After stopping

334
00:16:09,433 --> 00:16:11,642
{\an1}at eight different trees
along the way,

335
00:16:11,666 --> 00:16:15,209
Robyn finally finds
one she likes.

336
00:16:15,233 --> 00:16:19,509
{\an1}WATTS: Wow... made a very quick
jump at that tree, yeah.

337
00:16:19,533 --> 00:16:20,676
BUTLER: Yeah.

338
00:16:20,700 --> 00:16:21,677
{\an1}TRIBE: It's almost like,
"I've made up my mind.

339
00:16:21,701 --> 00:16:23,142
I'm going for it."

340
00:16:23,166 --> 00:16:26,342
Perhaps it's got
a good eucalypt smell

341
00:16:26,366 --> 00:16:29,642
that maybe means
it's some good food up there.

342
00:16:29,666 --> 00:16:32,276
{\an1}BUTLER: A lot of trees have
different tannin levels,

343
00:16:32,300 --> 00:16:34,776
{\an1}so she's sniffing those trees
and deciding,

344
00:16:34,800 --> 00:16:37,642
"Do I want
to go up there and eat?"

345
00:16:37,666 --> 00:16:40,942
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Koalas choose trees
for specific reasons.

346
00:16:40,966 --> 00:16:43,409
{\an1}Some are chosen as dedicated
food trees

347
00:16:43,433 --> 00:16:46,609
{\an1}and others are selected
for the shelter they offer.

348
00:16:46,633 --> 00:16:49,942
{\an8}♪♪♪

349
00:16:49,966 --> 00:16:53,776
{\an1}Within minutes, Robyn is
in the very top of the tree

350
00:16:53,800 --> 00:16:55,409
{\an1}she has been searching for...

351
00:16:55,433 --> 00:16:57,476
{\an8}♪♪♪

352
00:16:57,500 --> 00:17:02,176
{\an1}...and as dawn breaks,
she settles in for a snooze.

353
00:17:02,200 --> 00:17:04,842
{\an8}♪♪♪

354
00:17:04,866 --> 00:17:06,676
WATTS:
That's a great shot.

355
00:17:06,700 --> 00:17:12,609
{\an8}♪♪♪

356
00:17:12,633 --> 00:17:15,776
{\an1}BUTLER: She's sitting up
with both paws this way.

357
00:17:15,800 --> 00:17:16,809
TRIBE:
Looks like that.

358
00:17:16,833 --> 00:17:17,810
WATTS:
Yeah, yeah, a bit of an embrace.

359
00:17:17,834 --> 00:17:18,909
BUTLER: Yeah?

360
00:17:18,933 --> 00:17:20,509
{\an1}She's holding her paws
in her lap.

361
00:17:20,533 --> 00:17:22,876
TRIBE: Dozes off.

362
00:17:22,900 --> 00:17:26,009
{\an1}WATTS: Oh, wow, the sun
has really come up now.

363
00:17:26,033 --> 00:17:27,342
TRIBE:
It has, hasn't it?

364
00:17:27,366 --> 00:17:29,976
BUCHANAN: The koalas
have revealed themselves

365
00:17:30,000 --> 00:17:32,942
to be anything
but dozy at night...

366
00:17:32,966 --> 00:17:34,809
{\an8}♪♪♪

367
00:17:34,833 --> 00:17:37,909
{\an1}...a stark contrast to the lazy
layabouts they appear to be

368
00:17:37,933 --> 00:17:40,442
during the day.

369
00:17:40,466 --> 00:17:43,442
{\an1}While it was known that koalas
climb down each night

370
00:17:43,466 --> 00:17:45,442
{\an1}to pick a different tree...

371
00:17:45,466 --> 00:17:48,576
from observing Tom,
Robyn, and Hunter,

372
00:17:48,600 --> 00:17:50,976
{\an1}it's clear that koalas
scale many trees

373
00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:57,109
{\an1}over the course of an evening...
and are incredibly picky.

374
00:17:57,133 --> 00:18:02,176
{\an1}They spend more time on
the ground than anyone expected.

375
00:18:02,200 --> 00:18:05,176
{\an1}It suggests that koalas
need sizable reserves

376
00:18:05,200 --> 00:18:07,009
and many different
types of trees

377
00:18:07,033 --> 00:18:09,009
{\an1}to safeguard their future.

378
00:18:09,033 --> 00:18:11,676
{\an8}♪♪♪

379
00:18:11,700 --> 00:18:14,242
{\an1}Combined with Hidden Vale's
tracking data,

380
00:18:14,266 --> 00:18:19,476
{\an1}the camera footage is key for
reserve managers like Andrew...

381
00:18:19,500 --> 00:18:22,342
TRIBE: This sort of
information I think is vital

382
00:18:22,366 --> 00:18:27,042
{\an1}if we're going to manage koalas
and koala populations better.

383
00:18:27,066 --> 00:18:29,676
{\an1}In South East Queensland,
more than 2,000 koalas

384
00:18:29,700 --> 00:18:32,276
get brought into care
every year,

385
00:18:32,300 --> 00:18:34,909
often because of
habitat clearing.

386
00:18:34,933 --> 00:18:37,442
Many of those koalas
can be rehabilitated

387
00:18:37,466 --> 00:18:39,442
{\an1}and released back into the wild.

388
00:18:39,466 --> 00:18:40,942
But if they are
going to survive,

389
00:18:40,966 --> 00:18:42,909
{\an1}if they are going to contribute
to the wild population,

390
00:18:42,933 --> 00:18:48,276
{\an1}we have to find suitable habitat
in which to release them.

391
00:18:48,300 --> 00:18:49,776
BUCHANAN:
While the camera findings

392
00:18:49,800 --> 00:18:51,609
{\an1}help Andrew better understand

393
00:18:51,633 --> 00:18:53,542
{\an1}the needs of the population
at Hidden Vale,

394
00:18:53,566 --> 00:18:55,509
{\an1}they can also help identify

395
00:18:55,533 --> 00:18:58,242
{\an1}other suitable habitats
in Australia

396
00:18:58,266 --> 00:19:00,842
{\an1}and ensure relocated koalas

397
00:19:00,866 --> 00:19:03,676
get exactly
what they need to survive.

398
00:19:03,700 --> 00:19:10,176
{\an8}♪♪♪

399
00:19:10,200 --> 00:19:13,509
It's a quick hop
to our next story,

400
00:19:13,533 --> 00:19:18,209
an altogether
very different marsupial...

401
00:19:18,233 --> 00:19:21,676
the kangaroo...

402
00:19:21,700 --> 00:19:25,809
{\an1}renowned for the spring
in their step...

403
00:19:25,833 --> 00:19:29,842
{\an1}able to leap up to nine yards
in a single stride.

404
00:19:29,866 --> 00:19:34,642
They can cover ground
as fast as a racehorse.

405
00:19:34,666 --> 00:19:37,209
{\an1}Of the four different species
of kangaroo,

406
00:19:37,233 --> 00:19:41,809
the most numerous
is the eastern grey.

407
00:19:41,833 --> 00:19:44,842
{\an1}I've come to find them here,
in Coffs Harbour,

408
00:19:44,866 --> 00:19:49,042
{\an7}300 miles north of Sydney.

409
00:19:49,066 --> 00:19:53,009
{\an1}This picturesque coastline
is a growing metropolis

410
00:19:53,033 --> 00:19:56,709
and a popular
holiday destination.

411
00:19:56,733 --> 00:20:00,176
{\an1}It's also home to one of
the most dense populations

412
00:20:00,200 --> 00:20:03,842
{\an1}of eastern grey kangaroos
in Australia.

413
00:20:03,866 --> 00:20:09,509
{\an1}These veracious herbivores
have a huge appetite for grass,

414
00:20:09,533 --> 00:20:13,809
grazing as much
as 10 hours a day.

415
00:20:13,833 --> 00:20:16,509
{\an1}But the kangaroos here
have taken to hanging out

416
00:20:16,533 --> 00:20:18,766
{\an1}with the surfers on the beach.

417
00:20:20,933 --> 00:20:25,309
The question is, why?

418
00:20:25,333 --> 00:20:27,876
Just trying to get
a sense of this place

419
00:20:27,900 --> 00:20:30,442
{\an1}and a sense of the kangaroos
that live here.

420
00:20:30,466 --> 00:20:32,742
And this seems like
a really unlikely place

421
00:20:32,766 --> 00:20:34,609
{\an1}for kangaroos to come.

422
00:20:34,633 --> 00:20:37,642
{\an1}And the big question I have is
what are they...

423
00:20:37,666 --> 00:20:39,776
{\an1}what are they doing here?

424
00:20:39,800 --> 00:20:41,776
And if I can't answer
that question,

425
00:20:41,800 --> 00:20:45,609
{\an1}I'm hoping that our cameras can.

426
00:20:45,633 --> 00:20:48,409
{\an1}Despite their numbers,
local highway expansion

427
00:20:48,433 --> 00:20:54,142
{\an1}and new housing developments
means this mob is under threat.

428
00:20:54,166 --> 00:20:59,942
{\an1}And this is a key factor...
The Pacific Motorway.

429
00:20:59,966 --> 00:21:03,342
At 490 miles long,
this coastal road

430
00:21:03,366 --> 00:21:07,009
{\an1}connects Sydney in the south
to the Gold Coast in the north.

431
00:21:07,033 --> 00:21:09,642
{\an8}♪♪♪

432
00:21:09,666 --> 00:21:12,142
But it's confined
the roos of Coffs Harbour

433
00:21:12,166 --> 00:21:17,176
{\an1}to a narrow strip of land
between road and sea.

434
00:21:17,200 --> 00:21:19,876
{\an1}If four lanes of traffic
aren't enough,

435
00:21:19,900 --> 00:21:24,542
{\an1}the fences either side
make it impossible to cross.

436
00:21:24,566 --> 00:21:27,176
So the kangaroos
are trapped here,

437
00:21:27,200 --> 00:21:29,509
{\an1}with less and less food
to go around.

438
00:21:29,533 --> 00:21:36,142
{\an8}♪♪♪

439
00:21:36,166 --> 00:21:37,909
Kangaroos don't come
in all shapes,

440
00:21:37,933 --> 00:21:39,776
{\an1}but they do come in all sizes.

441
00:21:39,800 --> 00:21:42,776
{\an1}You've got the big males.
They're called boomers.

442
00:21:42,800 --> 00:21:46,442
{\an1}At the opposite end of the scale
the little ditty ones,

443
00:21:46,466 --> 00:21:51,000
{\an1}they're called joeys, and the
females are called flyers.

444
00:21:52,633 --> 00:21:54,776
Because of
the urban development,

445
00:21:54,800 --> 00:21:56,276
{\an1}because of the highway,

446
00:21:56,300 --> 00:22:00,876
it has changed
the dynamics of this population.

447
00:22:00,900 --> 00:22:02,509
To my untrained eye,

448
00:22:02,533 --> 00:22:05,442
these animals are not
in peak condition.

449
00:22:05,466 --> 00:22:07,676
You see that they are
on the skinny side.

450
00:22:07,700 --> 00:22:10,109
{\an8}♪♪♪

451
00:22:10,133 --> 00:22:12,676
{\an1}With limited space and food
on offer

452
00:22:12,700 --> 00:22:14,242
{\an1}between the motorway and ocean,

453
00:22:14,266 --> 00:22:17,476
{\an1}the roos have already been
pushed onto the headland

454
00:22:17,500 --> 00:22:19,009
and even the dunes,

455
00:22:19,033 --> 00:22:22,176
as they desperately
attempt to find food.

456
00:22:22,200 --> 00:22:25,209
But are they going
one step further

457
00:22:25,233 --> 00:22:27,742
{\an1}and feeding on the beach itself?

458
00:22:27,766 --> 00:22:31,609
{\an1}And can the cameras prove it?

459
00:22:31,633 --> 00:22:34,842
Dr. Cathy Herbert,
from the University of Sydney

460
00:22:34,866 --> 00:22:38,942
{\an1}has been studying the population
here for the past five years.

461
00:22:38,966 --> 00:22:41,742
{\an7}DR. HERBERT: We've just noticed,
literally within the last year,

462
00:22:41,766 --> 00:22:44,442
{\an7}that we are seeing more
and more animals on the beach.

463
00:22:44,466 --> 00:22:48,409
{\an1}They're actually foraging
on some of the vegetation

464
00:22:48,433 --> 00:22:49,942
on the sand dunes,

465
00:22:49,966 --> 00:22:52,276
{\an1}but we are also seeing
some interesting signs

466
00:22:52,300 --> 00:22:54,309
{\an1}in terms of their tracks
on the beaches.

467
00:22:54,333 --> 00:22:56,742
{\an1}It's possible that maybe
they're foraging on

468
00:22:56,766 --> 00:22:58,242
{\an1}some sort of food source.

469
00:22:58,266 --> 00:23:00,176
Which would be
a really interesting

470
00:23:00,200 --> 00:23:03,176
{\an1}and unique observation
for this particular species.

471
00:23:03,200 --> 00:23:06,476
{\an1}The eastern grey kangaroo
tends to be most active

472
00:23:06,500 --> 00:23:10,176
{\an1}early in the morning and at dusk
when we can't see them,

473
00:23:10,200 --> 00:23:11,842
{\an1}so by getting video footage,

474
00:23:11,866 --> 00:23:14,309
{\an1}particularly overnight
and really early in the morning,

475
00:23:14,333 --> 00:23:16,576
we might be able
to unravel this mystery

476
00:23:16,600 --> 00:23:19,876
and figure out
what they're doing.

477
00:23:19,900 --> 00:23:22,176
BUCHANAN:
Kangaroos are crepuscular...

478
00:23:22,200 --> 00:23:24,509
{\an1}feeding at dawn and dusk.

479
00:23:24,533 --> 00:23:28,142
{\an1}So if they are going down to the
waterline in the early hours,

480
00:23:28,166 --> 00:23:31,276
the tracks are gone by daybreak.

481
00:23:31,300 --> 00:23:33,476
{\an1}And these kangaroos coming down
on to the beach,

482
00:23:33,500 --> 00:23:35,609
{\an1}they're motivated by something,

483
00:23:35,633 --> 00:23:38,342
{\an1}and that is the mystery,
that is the question.

484
00:23:38,366 --> 00:23:40,776
DR. HERBERT:
We can see them hopping down.

485
00:23:40,800 --> 00:23:43,342
{\an1}We see them slowing down,

486
00:23:43,366 --> 00:23:46,942
and then the tides
wash the tracks away.

487
00:23:46,966 --> 00:23:50,576
Nobody's really done
a thorough investigation

488
00:23:50,600 --> 00:23:52,009
{\an1}of what they are doing

489
00:23:52,033 --> 00:23:55,176
{\an1}and how they are utilizing that
beach environment.

490
00:23:55,200 --> 00:23:57,776
{\an8}♪♪♪

491
00:23:57,800 --> 00:23:59,776
BUCHANAN:
The shoreline is certainly not

492
00:23:59,800 --> 00:24:03,842
an ideal habitat
for these ravenous roos.

493
00:24:03,866 --> 00:24:08,376
{\an1}So what could they be feeding on
by the water's edge?

494
00:24:08,400 --> 00:24:12,509
It's something I hope
the cameras can reveal...

495
00:24:12,533 --> 00:24:14,276
{\an1}but how do you create a camera

496
00:24:14,300 --> 00:24:18,209
that can withstand
being bounced around?

497
00:24:18,233 --> 00:24:21,776
{\an1}It's another unique challenge
for Chris.

498
00:24:21,800 --> 00:24:25,342
{\an1}Hey, Chris, alright, let's talk
kangaroos and cameras.

499
00:24:25,366 --> 00:24:26,909
WATTS:
We've tried to use neoprene,

500
00:24:26,933 --> 00:24:29,042
which is kind of
a stretchy material,

501
00:24:29,066 --> 00:24:30,842
so it will move with the animal.

502
00:24:30,866 --> 00:24:33,242
And we have got
a release mechanism,

503
00:24:33,266 --> 00:24:35,276
{\an1}which is controllable by us.

504
00:24:35,300 --> 00:24:39,142
{\an1}It's a small nylon cord
that basically gets cut

505
00:24:39,166 --> 00:24:40,376
when we trigger it,

506
00:24:40,400 --> 00:24:41,876
{\an1}and then that will drop
the whole thing away.

507
00:24:41,900 --> 00:24:45,609
{\an1}But as a backup if this failed,
we've got a failsafe,

508
00:24:45,633 --> 00:24:47,809
{\an1}which is kind of a weak point
in the collar,

509
00:24:47,833 --> 00:24:50,809
{\an1}just made with a natural cotton.

510
00:24:50,833 --> 00:24:53,542
{\an1}So we've got to make it strong
enough but also weak enough

511
00:24:53,566 --> 00:24:56,042
{\an1}that if they didn't like it
or want to get it off

512
00:24:56,066 --> 00:24:58,576
{\an1}that it would easily come away.

513
00:24:58,600 --> 00:25:02,342
{\an8}♪♪♪

514
00:25:02,366 --> 00:25:04,042
BUCHANAN:
With the cameras ready,

515
00:25:04,066 --> 00:25:06,276
{\an1}we now need kangaroos.

516
00:25:06,300 --> 00:25:09,709
{\an8}♪♪♪

517
00:25:09,733 --> 00:25:12,176
To get close enough
to conduct her research,

518
00:25:12,200 --> 00:25:14,676
{\an1}Cathy uses a tranquilizer gun.

519
00:25:14,700 --> 00:25:22,700
{\an8}♪♪♪

520
00:25:22,733 --> 00:25:25,809
Sedated and safe,
the roo is transferred

521
00:25:25,833 --> 00:25:28,342
{\an1}so Cathy can assess its health.

522
00:25:28,366 --> 00:25:31,476
{\an8}♪♪♪

523
00:25:31,500 --> 00:25:35,309
{\an1}And we discover this female
has a surprise in store.

524
00:25:35,333 --> 00:25:37,942
{\an1}DR. HERBERT: She's got
a little one in the pouch.

525
00:25:37,966 --> 00:25:39,642
BUCHANAN:
Oh, does she?

526
00:25:39,666 --> 00:25:43,109
{\an1}Oh, my word, look at that.

527
00:25:43,133 --> 00:25:46,609
{\an1}That is extraordinary.

528
00:25:46,633 --> 00:25:48,942
{\an1}That just defies belief.

529
00:25:48,966 --> 00:25:53,809
{\an1}DR. HERBERT: Yeah, so this
one... is probably about

530
00:25:53,833 --> 00:25:58,609
{\an1}10 weeks old, and we should
be able to tell what sex it is.

531
00:25:58,633 --> 00:26:02,009
BUCHANAN:
Gosh, so delicate.

532
00:26:02,033 --> 00:26:03,509
DR. HERBERT:
It's a female.

533
00:26:03,533 --> 00:26:05,009
{\an1}We can just see a little pouch.

534
00:26:05,033 --> 00:26:09,009
BUCHANAN:
It's just extraordinary.

535
00:26:09,033 --> 00:26:11,042
{\an1}The anesthetic that Cathy uses

536
00:26:11,066 --> 00:26:13,442
won't pass into
the mother's milk,

537
00:26:13,466 --> 00:26:14,676
so this little joey

538
00:26:14,700 --> 00:26:17,576
{\an1}is completely unaffected
by the procedure.

539
00:26:17,600 --> 00:26:20,842
{\an1}Yeah, that's the most amazing
thing of the year, I think.

540
00:26:20,866 --> 00:26:23,176
{\an1}As Cathy takes the rest
of her measurements,

541
00:26:23,200 --> 00:26:26,976
Chris carefully
attaches the camera.

542
00:26:27,000 --> 00:26:29,933
{\an1}And she's left under a tree
to wake up...

543
00:26:30,633 --> 00:26:32,442
{\an8}♪♪♪

544
00:26:32,466 --> 00:26:36,176
{\an1}...but this roo is giving us
the run-around.

545
00:26:36,200 --> 00:26:38,209
{\an1}When we go back to check on her,

546
00:26:38,233 --> 00:26:42,642
all we find is
a camera on the ground.

547
00:26:42,666 --> 00:26:44,642
It seems
the quick-release collar

548
00:26:44,666 --> 00:26:48,442
{\an1}is proving a little too easy
to get out of.

549
00:26:48,466 --> 00:26:51,109
{\an1}Its failsafe... just a few
strands of cotton...

550
00:26:51,133 --> 00:26:53,576
Is still too fragile.

551
00:26:53,600 --> 00:26:55,209
WATTS:
It's a fine balance.

552
00:26:55,233 --> 00:26:56,442
BUCHANAN:
You were going to say fine line,

553
00:26:56,466 --> 00:26:58,642
{\an1}which is exactly what this is.

554
00:26:58,666 --> 00:27:02,009
{\an1}Maybe we need a less fine line.

555
00:27:02,033 --> 00:27:04,676
{\an1}WATTS: Yeah, I think we can up
it a bit more, and what I'll do

556
00:27:04,700 --> 00:27:06,342
is we'll go back
and I'll thicken it up

557
00:27:06,366 --> 00:27:08,509
and just have a few
practices at breaking it

558
00:27:08,533 --> 00:27:11,109
and just get a feel
for how much force.

559
00:27:11,133 --> 00:27:12,676
BUCHANAN:
Chris is going to redesign

560
00:27:12,700 --> 00:27:14,776
the collar overnight,

561
00:27:14,800 --> 00:27:18,509
{\an1}but will it be enough to get
the kangaroo shoot underway?

562
00:27:18,533 --> 00:27:21,976
{\an8}♪♪♪

563
00:27:22,000 --> 00:27:24,976
From a species
grappling with urban sprawl

564
00:27:25,000 --> 00:27:28,809
{\an1}to one which has chosen to live
right in the middle of it.

565
00:27:28,833 --> 00:27:31,476
{\an8}♪♪♪

566
00:27:31,500 --> 00:27:34,076
{\an1}For the next camera candidate,

567
00:27:34,100 --> 00:27:38,309
{\an1}we're heading straight into
the heart of the city...

568
00:27:38,333 --> 00:27:41,609
{\an1}Adelaide, South Australia.

569
00:27:41,633 --> 00:27:44,942
In 2010,
a small group of pioneers

570
00:27:44,966 --> 00:27:50,242
{\an1}embarked on an epic journey
to set up camp here.

571
00:27:50,266 --> 00:27:55,976
{\an1}50 or so new arrivals have now
grown to more than 22,000.

572
00:27:56,000 --> 00:28:00,976
Meet the grey-headed
flying foxes.

573
00:28:01,000 --> 00:28:03,342
Usually found along
the east coast,

574
00:28:03,366 --> 00:28:07,176
{\an1}these intrepid travelers
have flown over 600 miles

575
00:28:07,200 --> 00:28:10,676
{\an1}to settle in South Australia.

576
00:28:10,700 --> 00:28:12,376
{\an1}Never before seen here,

577
00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:16,009
{\an1}their sudden appearance
was a complete mystery.

578
00:28:16,033 --> 00:28:18,509
{\an8}♪♪♪

579
00:28:18,533 --> 00:28:23,042
{\an1}Despite their foxlike faces,
these are no canines.

580
00:28:23,066 --> 00:28:24,309
They are, in fact,

581
00:28:24,333 --> 00:28:27,842
{\an1}one of Australia's largest
species of bat.

582
00:28:27,866 --> 00:28:31,976
{\an1}Weighing up to two pounds,
these magnificent flying mammals

583
00:28:32,000 --> 00:28:35,776
have a wingspan
of over three feet...

584
00:28:35,800 --> 00:28:38,109
and unlike
the smaller microbats,

585
00:28:38,133 --> 00:28:43,442
{\an1}these giants don't echolocate
or feed on insects.

586
00:28:43,466 --> 00:28:47,609
{\an1}Instead, they eat flowers
and fruit,

587
00:28:47,633 --> 00:28:52,442
{\an1}giving them their other name...
Fruit bats.

588
00:28:52,466 --> 00:28:56,776
{\an1}But can they find the right
foods in their new city home?

589
00:28:56,800 --> 00:29:00,876
What has drawn them
all the way to Adelaide?

590
00:29:00,900 --> 00:29:03,042
{\an1}Although entirely harmless
to humans,

591
00:29:03,066 --> 00:29:06,676
{\an1}they are often unpopular
for their large, noisy camps

592
00:29:06,700 --> 00:29:10,342
{\an1}and appetite for food crops.

593
00:29:10,366 --> 00:29:12,842
{\an1}To most, the sudden arrival
of flying foxes

594
00:29:12,866 --> 00:29:16,142
{\an1}in Adelaide was puzzling.

595
00:29:16,166 --> 00:29:18,176
But for wildlife vet
Wayne Boardman

596
00:29:18,200 --> 00:29:20,276
and bat specialist
Terry Reardon,

597
00:29:20,300 --> 00:29:22,876
their arrival
was the perfect opportunity

598
00:29:22,900 --> 00:29:25,266
to study the species
in more-depth.

599
00:29:27,266 --> 00:29:28,442
BOARDMAN:
What I love about them

600
00:29:28,466 --> 00:29:30,842
{\an1}is that they are very smart,
very intelligent.

601
00:29:30,866 --> 00:29:33,976
They've got this
incredible physiology.

602
00:29:34,000 --> 00:29:37,476
They have developed
great senses of smell,

603
00:29:37,500 --> 00:29:39,742
{\an1}good eyesight, great hearing,

604
00:29:39,766 --> 00:29:43,042
{\an1}and they've got this ability
to move across the landscape.

605
00:29:43,066 --> 00:29:46,009
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Wayne and his team
at the University of Adelaide

606
00:29:46,033 --> 00:29:48,509
{\an1}have tracked the flying foxes'
nocturnal movements

607
00:29:48,533 --> 00:29:50,209
using GPS collars

608
00:29:50,233 --> 00:29:53,842
{\an1}and discovered that they travel
up to 50 miles a night

609
00:29:53,866 --> 00:29:55,642
{\an1}when they fly off to forage.

610
00:29:55,666 --> 00:29:57,842
{\an8}BOARDMAN: It would be
really nice to find out

611
00:29:57,866 --> 00:29:59,842
{\an8}what they do
when they go out traveling.

612
00:29:59,866 --> 00:30:02,842
Do they feed?
What do they feed on?

613
00:30:02,866 --> 00:30:05,676
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Could food preference
could be a key reason

614
00:30:05,700 --> 00:30:08,909
{\an1}behind the flying foxes'
arrival in the city?

615
00:30:08,933 --> 00:30:12,042
{\an1}BOARDMAN: Flying foxes
primarily eat gum flowers

616
00:30:12,066 --> 00:30:17,242
{\an1}and the nectar from gum flowers,
and also fruit.

617
00:30:17,266 --> 00:30:18,509
BUCHANAN:
These mega bats

618
00:30:18,533 --> 00:30:21,876
can eat important
agricultural crops,

619
00:30:21,900 --> 00:30:24,842
{\an1}which is why many people
consider them to be a pest.

620
00:30:24,866 --> 00:30:26,609
{\an8}♪♪♪

621
00:30:26,633 --> 00:30:28,409
{\an1}Their hunger for fruit

622
00:30:28,433 --> 00:30:30,742
is a particular worry
for local farmers.

623
00:30:30,766 --> 00:30:33,476
{\an8}♪♪♪

624
00:30:33,500 --> 00:30:37,276
{\an1}The Adelaide region is home
to numerous sugar-rich crops.

625
00:30:37,300 --> 00:30:39,709
{\an8}♪♪♪

626
00:30:39,733 --> 00:30:42,642
Safe to say,
Adelaide's new arrivals

627
00:30:42,666 --> 00:30:46,042
{\an1}were not a welcome sight
for local fruit producers.

628
00:30:46,066 --> 00:30:48,109
{\an8}♪♪♪

629
00:30:48,133 --> 00:30:50,742
{\an8}BOARDMAN:
When we have a species
that's quite contentious,

630
00:30:50,766 --> 00:30:53,509
{\an7}in terms of causing problems
with commercial fruit,

631
00:30:53,533 --> 00:30:56,676
{\an7}we want to try and find out
exactly what they're eating.

632
00:30:56,700 --> 00:30:59,309
{\an1}If we know that they are eating
a lot of commercial fruit,

633
00:30:59,333 --> 00:31:01,409
{\an1}what can we put in place
to stop them?

634
00:31:01,433 --> 00:31:03,509
{\an1}If they are not eating
commercial fruit,

635
00:31:03,533 --> 00:31:07,376
{\an1}then we can be happy that
they are part of the landscape

636
00:31:07,400 --> 00:31:10,676
{\an1}and we should enjoy them.

637
00:31:10,700 --> 00:31:13,076
{\an8}BUCHANAN: And these
much-persecuted animals

638
00:31:13,100 --> 00:31:16,109
{\an7}really should be celebrated.

639
00:31:16,133 --> 00:31:19,742
{\an7}An individual flying fox will
not only pollinate many plants,

640
00:31:19,766 --> 00:31:23,942
{\an1}but disperse up to 60,000 seeds
across the landscape

641
00:31:23,966 --> 00:31:25,109
every night.

642
00:31:25,133 --> 00:31:27,076
{\an8}♪♪♪

643
00:31:27,100 --> 00:31:28,809
{\an1}From a scientific point of view,

644
00:31:28,833 --> 00:31:32,209
{\an1}flying foxes are extremely
valuable for the environment...

645
00:31:32,233 --> 00:31:34,242
{\an8}♪♪♪

646
00:31:34,266 --> 00:31:35,642
which is why Wayne is studying

647
00:31:35,666 --> 00:31:38,276
the ongoing health
of the population here.

648
00:31:38,300 --> 00:31:40,009
{\an8}♪♪♪

649
00:31:40,033 --> 00:31:43,742
{\an1}But, the only way to really
understand their world

650
00:31:43,766 --> 00:31:46,042
is to get amongst it.

651
00:31:46,066 --> 00:31:48,476
{\an1}Something that is tricky enough
during the day,

652
00:31:48,500 --> 00:31:52,142
{\an1}but practically impossible
at night.

653
00:31:52,166 --> 00:31:53,642
{\an1}To answer Wayne's question

654
00:31:53,666 --> 00:31:56,609
of where they go
and what they feed on,

655
00:31:56,633 --> 00:31:59,209
{\an1}a wearable nighttime camera
is called for.

656
00:31:59,233 --> 00:32:01,409
{\an8}♪♪♪

657
00:32:01,433 --> 00:32:03,976
{\an1}Yet another task for Chris.

658
00:32:04,000 --> 00:32:06,176
And safe to say,
this build has given him

659
00:32:06,200 --> 00:32:08,742
{\an1}the most sleepless nights.

660
00:32:08,766 --> 00:32:10,542
WATTS:
So putting a camera on a bat

661
00:32:10,566 --> 00:32:12,809
{\an1}has got to be the most
challenging thing

662
00:32:12,833 --> 00:32:13,976
{\an1}I've been asked to do yet.

663
00:32:14,000 --> 00:32:16,042
{\an8}♪♪♪

664
00:32:16,066 --> 00:32:19,309
Although they are one
of the biggest bat species,

665
00:32:19,333 --> 00:32:20,909
around 800 grams,

666
00:32:20,933 --> 00:32:24,109
{\an1}that only gave me a weight limit
of 35 grams,

667
00:32:24,133 --> 00:32:28,609
{\an1}and that is equivalent to maybe
two packets of chewing gum.

668
00:32:28,633 --> 00:32:30,142
BUCHANAN:
And, for that tiny payload,

669
00:32:30,166 --> 00:32:32,976
{\an1}Chris has built a camera
complete with infrared lights,

670
00:32:33,000 --> 00:32:37,276
{\an1}a programmable onboard computer,
and a VHF tracker.

671
00:32:37,300 --> 00:32:39,576
WATTS: Another design
consideration with this camera

672
00:32:39,600 --> 00:32:40,909
{\an1}has been the placement.

673
00:32:40,933 --> 00:32:43,642
{\an1}So, we've decided to put it
on the back

674
00:32:43,666 --> 00:32:44,876
{\an1}and that's, hopefully,
going to mean

675
00:32:44,900 --> 00:32:47,342
it's not in the way
when the bats are flying

676
00:32:47,366 --> 00:32:49,642
{\an1}and they also spend a lot
of time hanging upside-down,

677
00:32:49,666 --> 00:32:51,509
{\an1}so, if it's on the back,
it's out of the way.

678
00:32:51,533 --> 00:32:52,809
{\an1}If it was a collar camera,

679
00:32:52,833 --> 00:32:54,309
it's kind of
right under their chin.

680
00:32:54,333 --> 00:32:56,342
It's going to be
really annoying.

681
00:32:56,366 --> 00:32:58,842
{\an1}So much of this is the animals
being as comfortable

682
00:32:58,866 --> 00:33:00,309
wearing these cameras
as possible

683
00:33:00,333 --> 00:33:02,642
{\an1}because that gives us the best
chance of them staying on.

684
00:33:02,666 --> 00:33:05,609
[ Creature calling ]

685
00:33:05,633 --> 00:33:07,776
BUCHANAN:
As night falls,
the flying foxes depart

686
00:33:07,800 --> 00:33:09,342
{\an1}for their evening adventures.

687
00:33:09,366 --> 00:33:14,742
{\an8}♪♪♪

688
00:33:14,766 --> 00:33:16,642
{\an1}Just a few hours later,

689
00:33:16,666 --> 00:33:18,976
{\an1}Chris and the team arrive
at the Botanic Park

690
00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:21,176
to prepare
for the flying foxes' return.

691
00:33:21,200 --> 00:33:23,509
{\an8}♪♪♪

692
00:33:23,533 --> 00:33:27,176
It's a 3:00 am start
for scientists Wayne, Terry,

693
00:33:27,200 --> 00:33:30,176
and a team
of expert bat catchers.

694
00:33:30,200 --> 00:33:33,076
BOARDMAN:
So, if you want to come and have
a look at the ropes, Chris.

695
00:33:33,100 --> 00:33:34,309
BUCHANAN:
Wayne surveys the health

696
00:33:34,333 --> 00:33:38,342
{\an1}of the flying fox population
here twice a year.

697
00:33:38,366 --> 00:33:40,542
{\an1}A process that involves
capturing them,

698
00:33:40,566 --> 00:33:43,742
weighing them,
and taking samples,

699
00:33:43,766 --> 00:33:46,909
which also gives us
the perfect opportunity

700
00:33:46,933 --> 00:33:49,409
{\an1}to attach the cameras.

701
00:33:49,433 --> 00:33:52,142
{\an1}The flying foxes will be caught
in a fine net

702
00:33:52,166 --> 00:33:54,709
{\an1}suspended between two trees.

703
00:33:54,733 --> 00:33:55,909
{\an1}BOARDMAN: So, everyone knows
what they're doing?

704
00:33:55,933 --> 00:34:00,409
{\an8}♪♪♪

705
00:34:00,433 --> 00:34:02,609
WATTS:
So, this is our first morning

706
00:34:02,633 --> 00:34:04,809
{\an1}that we might actually
catch a bat.

707
00:34:04,833 --> 00:34:06,342
It's very exciting
to see this all work.

708
00:34:06,366 --> 00:34:10,909
{\an1}It's quite an operation,
getting this net up in the tree.

709
00:34:10,933 --> 00:34:13,376
{\an1}So, yeah, now, we wait.

710
00:34:13,400 --> 00:34:16,642
{\an1}BUCHANAN: And it's not long
before one hits the net.

711
00:34:16,666 --> 00:34:19,609
MAN:
Oh!

712
00:34:19,633 --> 00:34:20,510
Right.

713
00:34:20,534 --> 00:34:24,609
{\an8}♪♪♪

714
00:34:24,633 --> 00:34:25,809
[ Voices overlap ]

715
00:34:25,833 --> 00:34:27,176
Go!

716
00:34:27,200 --> 00:34:28,742
BUCHANAN:
Each flying fox caught

717
00:34:28,766 --> 00:34:31,009
is weighed
as part of its checkup

718
00:34:31,033 --> 00:34:34,676
{\an1}and, if one tips the scales
at 1.5 pounds or more,

719
00:34:34,700 --> 00:34:37,576
it's also big enough
to carry one of the cameras.

720
00:34:37,600 --> 00:34:39,276
MAN: 800.

721
00:34:39,300 --> 00:34:41,409
BUCHANAN:
While the survey continues,

722
00:34:41,433 --> 00:34:43,809
already-captured bats
are hung in a bag,

723
00:34:43,833 --> 00:34:47,576
{\an1}for the short wait before going
to the vet facility.

724
00:34:47,600 --> 00:34:50,176
{\an1}For animals that naturally
hang upside-down,

725
00:34:50,200 --> 00:34:53,476
{\an1}this has a calming effect.

726
00:34:53,500 --> 00:34:55,842
REARDON:
Yep, that's it.

727
00:34:55,866 --> 00:34:57,042
Okay up.
MAN: Up.

728
00:34:57,066 --> 00:34:59,276
{\an8}♪♪♪

729
00:34:59,300 --> 00:35:01,376
BUCHANAN:
By 5:30 am,

730
00:35:01,400 --> 00:35:04,809
{\an1}six flying foxes have been
caught for Wayne's checks

731
00:35:04,833 --> 00:35:06,842
{\an1}and, hopefully, the cameras.

732
00:35:06,866 --> 00:35:11,033
{\an8}♪♪♪

733
00:35:12,066 --> 00:35:14,009
Back at the clinic,
it's time to meet

734
00:35:14,033 --> 00:35:17,676
the first flying fox
camera cadet.

735
00:35:17,700 --> 00:35:21,042
{\an1}BOARDMAN: So I'm just going
to get the mask.

736
00:35:21,066 --> 00:35:25,476
{\an1}BUCHANAN: The process begins
with a light anesthesia.

737
00:35:25,500 --> 00:35:29,809
Safely asleep,
Wayne conducts his research.

738
00:35:29,833 --> 00:35:32,509
As well as weight,
he takes a blood sample,

739
00:35:32,533 --> 00:35:33,876
{\an1}checks for body condition,

740
00:35:33,900 --> 00:35:37,142
and collects
some key measurements.

741
00:35:37,166 --> 00:35:40,476
{\an1}WATTS: So, it's amazing to see
these animals up close.

742
00:35:40,500 --> 00:35:44,609
{\an1}They're actually bigger
than I was expecting.

743
00:35:44,633 --> 00:35:46,276
{\an1}They've got these really
sharp teeth,

744
00:35:46,300 --> 00:35:47,542
{\an1}which I'm a little bit
worried about,

745
00:35:47,566 --> 00:35:49,109
because, obviously,
these cameras are so light,

746
00:35:49,133 --> 00:35:51,376
{\an1}they're not very well-protected.

747
00:35:51,400 --> 00:35:54,876
BUCHANAN: Gloves on,
it's time for the camera.

748
00:35:54,900 --> 00:35:57,542
{\an1}And... it's a great fit.

749
00:35:57,566 --> 00:35:59,276
BOARDMAN:
I'm quite happy with that.

750
00:35:59,300 --> 00:36:01,676
WATTS:
Sitting between the shoulder
blades nicely.

751
00:36:01,700 --> 00:36:02,942
BOARDMAN:
So we can wake it up? Happy?

752
00:36:02,966 --> 00:36:04,109
{\an1}WATTS: Yes, yeah, good.
BOARDMAN: Good.

753
00:36:04,133 --> 00:36:07,509
{\an8}♪♪♪

754
00:36:07,533 --> 00:36:09,642
{\an1}BUCHANAN: After Wayne fits
the rest of the cameras

755
00:36:09,666 --> 00:36:11,409
{\an1}and the anesthetic has worn off,

756
00:36:11,433 --> 00:36:14,609
{\an1}the flying foxes are ready
to be returned to the camp.

757
00:36:14,633 --> 00:36:19,276
{\an8}♪♪♪

758
00:36:19,300 --> 00:36:23,509
{\an1}Wayne gently places the first
crewmember on the tree.

759
00:36:23,533 --> 00:36:28,942
{\an1}And it seems completely unfazed
by its new high-tech backpack.

760
00:36:28,966 --> 00:36:31,176
{\an1}But, in a camp of 22,000,

761
00:36:31,200 --> 00:36:34,742
it's not long
before it disappears from view.

762
00:36:34,766 --> 00:36:36,342
{\an1}WATTS: I mean, this is part
of the argument

763
00:36:36,366 --> 00:36:38,576
for putting a camera
on a bat, isn't it?

764
00:36:38,600 --> 00:36:41,042
{\an1}Is how quickly we've lost sight.

765
00:36:41,066 --> 00:36:42,476
BOARDMAN: Yeah.
WATTS: Our camera is now

766
00:36:42,500 --> 00:36:43,800
{\an1}capturing it all for us.

767
00:36:46,000 --> 00:36:49,966
BUCHANAN:
Thankfully, our long-lens camera
finds it high in the treetops.

768
00:36:51,566 --> 00:36:54,376
{\an1}As this is the first deployment,

769
00:36:54,400 --> 00:36:56,709
Chris wants to keep
the flying fox in sight

770
00:36:56,733 --> 00:36:58,809
{\an1}to make sure it's okay.

771
00:36:58,833 --> 00:37:01,676
{\an1}WATTS: The bat's actually
just taken off.

772
00:37:01,700 --> 00:37:02,577
That's incredible.

773
00:37:02,601 --> 00:37:04,942
{\an1}That's the first time we've ever

774
00:37:04,966 --> 00:37:08,576
{\an1}had actual flying footage
from a bat.

775
00:37:08,600 --> 00:37:10,076
Aah!
[ Laughs ]

776
00:37:10,100 --> 00:37:11,276
{\an8}♪♪♪

777
00:37:11,300 --> 00:37:12,476
BUCHANAN:
Over the next hour,

778
00:37:12,500 --> 00:37:15,609
{\an1}four more are released
back into the camp,

779
00:37:15,633 --> 00:37:17,842
{\an1}each of these carrying a camera,

780
00:37:17,866 --> 00:37:21,176
{\an1}to reveal their all-important
nocturnal feeding habits.

781
00:37:21,200 --> 00:37:29,200
{\an8}♪♪♪

782
00:37:34,766 --> 00:37:37,542
{\an1}The setting sun is the cue
for the flying foxes

783
00:37:37,566 --> 00:37:39,842
{\an1}to depart and find food.

784
00:37:39,866 --> 00:37:41,509
{\an8}♪♪♪

785
00:37:41,533 --> 00:37:44,176
Among the thousands
that fill the sky

786
00:37:44,200 --> 00:37:47,209
{\an1}are an aerial film unit of five.

787
00:37:47,233 --> 00:37:49,409
{\an1}And, as they disappear
into the night,

788
00:37:49,433 --> 00:37:53,842
it's over to
<i>them,
to film forus.</i>

789
00:37:53,866 --> 00:37:56,409
{\an1}But will the cameras survive

790
00:37:56,433 --> 00:37:57,842
{\an1}and will the flying foxes

791
00:37:57,866 --> 00:38:01,009
{\an1}bring their precious footage
back tomorrow morning?

792
00:38:01,033 --> 00:38:04,142
{\an8}♪♪♪

793
00:38:04,166 --> 00:38:06,442
Overnight,
the filming flying foxes

794
00:38:06,466 --> 00:38:11,409
{\an1}have been out on their errands
and are now back in the camp.

795
00:38:11,433 --> 00:38:13,309
{\an1}Chris is
<i>really</i> 
hoping

796
00:38:13,333 --> 00:38:15,776
they've brought their
cameras home with them.

797
00:38:15,800 --> 00:38:18,276
{\an1}WATTS: We're just driving back
to the location this morning,

798
00:38:18,300 --> 00:38:20,942
{\an1}hoping to find the cameras
that have been out overnight.

799
00:38:20,966 --> 00:38:23,976
{\an1}They're going to have been out
over 24 hours,

800
00:38:24,000 --> 00:38:25,609
so, it's going to be
really interesting to see

801
00:38:25,633 --> 00:38:27,109
{\an1}how it survived the night

802
00:38:27,133 --> 00:38:29,376
and, you know,
is the release going to work?

803
00:38:29,400 --> 00:38:31,009
{\an8}♪♪♪

804
00:38:31,033 --> 00:38:34,842
BUCHANAN:
By plugging in the VHF frequency
of the camera's transmitter,

805
00:38:34,866 --> 00:38:38,342
{\an1}Chris and Terry manage to locate
the first flying fox.

806
00:38:38,366 --> 00:38:40,409
{\an8}♪♪♪

807
00:38:40,433 --> 00:38:43,542
{\an1}Remarkably, within the minuscule
one-once cameras,

808
00:38:43,566 --> 00:38:44,543
Chris has built in

809
00:38:44,567 --> 00:38:47,142
a remote-control
dropoff mechanism.

810
00:38:47,166 --> 00:38:48,366
{\an8}♪♪♪

811
00:38:50,066 --> 00:38:54,142
{\an1}But, as Chris hits release,
the flying fox takes flight...

812
00:38:54,166 --> 00:38:57,809
{\an8}♪♪♪

813
00:38:57,833 --> 00:39:00,542
WATTS:
Okay, triggering now.

814
00:39:00,566 --> 00:39:03,042
Sending.
Released.

815
00:39:03,066 --> 00:39:04,709
BUCHANAN:
taking our footage with it.

816
00:39:04,733 --> 00:39:08,676
{\an8}♪♪♪

817
00:39:08,700 --> 00:39:10,609
WATTS:
Don't fly away!

818
00:39:10,633 --> 00:39:12,009
Yes!

819
00:39:12,033 --> 00:39:13,076
Look at that!

820
00:39:13,100 --> 00:39:15,309
MAN: Yeah!
WATTS: Whoo-hoo!

821
00:39:15,333 --> 00:39:16,576
SPEAKER: Yes!

822
00:39:16,600 --> 00:39:20,042
WATTS: Nice.
[ Applause ]

823
00:39:20,066 --> 00:39:22,742
Wow.
Couldn't be happier than that.

824
00:39:22,766 --> 00:39:24,809
Just as planned.

825
00:39:24,833 --> 00:39:27,142
{\an1}BUCHANAN: And, with the rest
of the cameras retrieved

826
00:39:27,166 --> 00:39:29,742
just as smoothly,
it's time to see

827
00:39:29,766 --> 00:39:32,709
what the mega bats'
mini cameras have captured.

828
00:39:32,733 --> 00:39:37,642
{\an8}♪♪♪

829
00:39:37,666 --> 00:39:40,576
{\an8}[ Squeaking nearby ]
[ Wings flapping ]

830
00:39:40,600 --> 00:39:42,909
{\an8}♪♪♪

831
00:39:42,933 --> 00:39:44,709
{\an8}[ Brush rustling ]

832
00:39:44,733 --> 00:39:47,309
{\an7}REARDON: Oh, gosh. A lot
of people studying flying foxes

833
00:39:47,333 --> 00:39:50,642
{\an7}are going to be really
fascinated to see this, I think.

834
00:39:50,666 --> 00:39:52,842
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Time for the
all-important reveal

835
00:39:52,866 --> 00:39:55,876
{\an1}of what
<i>this</i> 
flying fox
is going to feed on.

836
00:39:55,900 --> 00:39:57,409
{\an8}♪♪♪

837
00:39:57,433 --> 00:39:59,809
{\an1}BOARDMAN: Looks like gum
of some description there.

838
00:39:59,833 --> 00:40:02,509
{\an1}REARDON: It'll be easy to get
that identified, I think.

839
00:40:02,533 --> 00:40:04,376
BOARDMAN:
Yeah, I think so.

840
00:40:04,400 --> 00:40:06,909
BUCHANAN:
It's a South Australian
blue gum,

841
00:40:06,933 --> 00:40:10,709
a different variety
to their usual East Coast food.

842
00:40:10,733 --> 00:40:13,642
This eucalyptus
is an Adelaide native.

843
00:40:13,666 --> 00:40:16,676
{\an8}♪♪♪

844
00:40:16,700 --> 00:40:18,009
{\an1}It's an encouraging sign

845
00:40:18,033 --> 00:40:19,894
that the flying foxes<i> 
aren't</i>

846
00:40:19,918 --> 00:40:21,776
targeting crops

847
00:40:21,800 --> 00:40:24,942
{\an1}and have, instead, adapted
to a local species.

848
00:40:24,966 --> 00:40:27,409
{\an8}♪♪♪

849
00:40:27,433 --> 00:40:30,576
BOARDMAN:
This close proximity to feeding,

850
00:40:30,600 --> 00:40:33,409
we've never seen
this sort of thing before.

851
00:40:33,433 --> 00:40:35,709
{\an1}But it's reassuring to know
that this flying fox

852
00:40:35,733 --> 00:40:38,942
hasn't gone
into any commercial fruit.

853
00:40:38,966 --> 00:40:41,242
BUCHANAN:
And we quickly learn
that flying foxes

854
00:40:41,266 --> 00:40:45,209
don't spend time
in one place for very long.

855
00:40:45,233 --> 00:40:48,242
[ Wings flapping ]

856
00:40:48,266 --> 00:40:49,642
BOARDMAN:
[ Laughs delightedly ]

857
00:40:49,666 --> 00:40:51,242
{\an1}That sound is incredible,
isn't it?

858
00:40:51,266 --> 00:40:54,642
{\an1}[ Wings continue flapping ]

859
00:40:54,666 --> 00:40:57,409
{\an1}BUCHANAN: After a short flight,
a new tree is selected

860
00:40:57,433 --> 00:40:59,942
and the flying fox
announces its arrival.

861
00:40:59,966 --> 00:41:04,842
[ Screeching ]

862
00:41:04,866 --> 00:41:06,609
BOARDMAN:
So this is really interesting.

863
00:41:06,633 --> 00:41:08,742
{\an1}It looks like they're going
from...

864
00:41:08,766 --> 00:41:10,176
{\an1}Just in a few minutes,
they've gone

865
00:41:10,200 --> 00:41:12,576
{\an1}for three or four different
feeding sites,

866
00:41:12,600 --> 00:41:15,242
which is nothing
that we've ever seen before.

867
00:41:15,266 --> 00:41:17,509
{\an1}We just think they're going
to one area

868
00:41:17,533 --> 00:41:19,476
{\an1}and probably stay in a tree
for a period of time,

869
00:41:19,500 --> 00:41:21,342
{\an1}but it looks like they're
flying around

870
00:41:21,366 --> 00:41:23,809
every minute or two
to find some food.

871
00:41:23,833 --> 00:41:26,309
{\an8}♪♪♪

872
00:41:26,333 --> 00:41:29,376
BUCHANAN:
And it's off again.

873
00:41:29,400 --> 00:41:33,742
And, this time, we're
in a different tree species.

874
00:41:33,766 --> 00:41:35,809
It is technically
a fruit tree...

875
00:41:35,833 --> 00:41:39,442
A Port Jackson fig...
But this is not a food crop.

876
00:41:39,466 --> 00:41:42,309
{\an8}♪♪♪

877
00:41:42,333 --> 00:41:43,609
{\an1}It's an ornamental tree,

878
00:41:43,633 --> 00:41:46,509
{\an1}commonly found in gardens
and civic centers.

879
00:41:46,533 --> 00:41:49,542
{\an8}♪♪♪

880
00:41:49,566 --> 00:41:53,676
A short flight later,
it's back in a native blue gum.

881
00:41:53,700 --> 00:41:55,242
REARDON:
This is a surprising thing...
BOARDMAN: Yeah.

882
00:41:55,266 --> 00:41:57,909
REARDON:
I think, just, you know,
how quickly they're moving

883
00:41:57,933 --> 00:42:01,142
{\an1}and eating, blossom to blossom.

884
00:42:01,166 --> 00:42:05,876
BOARDMAN:
But they clearly are eating it
really quickly and moving on.

885
00:42:05,900 --> 00:42:09,576
BUCHANAN:
And, even though they can fly
tens of miles a night,

886
00:42:09,600 --> 00:42:13,709
{\an1}this flying fox has chosen
to stay close to the city

887
00:42:13,733 --> 00:42:15,509
{\an1}and his back-mounted camera

888
00:42:15,533 --> 00:42:19,142
provides a great
aerial perspective.

889
00:42:19,166 --> 00:42:21,142
{\an8}REARDON: [ Laughs ]
BOARDMAN: So he's going

890
00:42:21,166 --> 00:42:22,542
{\an8}over the road.
Amazing!

891
00:42:22,566 --> 00:42:24,276
{\an8}REARDON:
This is extraordinary.
[ Laughs ]

892
00:42:24,300 --> 00:42:26,909
{\an8}♪♪♪

893
00:42:26,933 --> 00:42:28,142
{\an8}BOARDMAN:
So that's a car park, I'm
sure...

894
00:42:28,166 --> 00:42:29,476
{\an8}REARDON: Yeah.
BOARDMAN: like you said,

895
00:42:29,500 --> 00:42:31,442
{\an7}but it'll be really interesting
to know where it is.

896
00:42:31,466 --> 00:42:36,009
{\an8}♪♪♪

897
00:42:36,033 --> 00:42:39,176
BUCHANAN:
With ornamental trees to feed on
in the heart of the city,

898
00:42:39,200 --> 00:42:41,642
this flying fox
doesn't need to go far.

899
00:42:41,666 --> 00:42:44,576
{\an8}♪♪♪

900
00:42:44,600 --> 00:42:45,742
By first light,

901
00:42:45,766 --> 00:42:48,876
{\an1}the filming flying foxes
are back in the roost,

902
00:42:48,900 --> 00:42:50,576
hanging
alongside their neighbors.

903
00:42:50,600 --> 00:42:52,309
{\an1}[ Cacophony of squeaking ]

904
00:42:52,333 --> 00:42:55,409
{\an1}So what do Wayne and Terry make
of their first foray

905
00:42:55,433 --> 00:42:58,442
{\an1}into the flying foxes'
nighttime world?

906
00:42:58,466 --> 00:43:00,676
REARDON: I don't know
whether I really had any

907
00:43:00,700 --> 00:43:03,742
{\an1}full idea of what we might
actually see.

908
00:43:03,766 --> 00:43:05,842
BOARDMAN:
You know, this is incredible.

909
00:43:05,866 --> 00:43:08,742
{\an1}We're seeing flying foxes
flying around

910
00:43:08,766 --> 00:43:11,509
{\an1}and seeing what they're doing
like we've never seen it before.

911
00:43:11,533 --> 00:43:12,809
{\an8}♪♪♪

912
00:43:12,833 --> 00:43:15,142
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Importantly,
the cameras have revealed

913
00:43:15,166 --> 00:43:17,509
{\an1}that these flying foxes,
at least,

914
00:43:17,533 --> 00:43:19,676
aren't targeting
commercial fruit.

915
00:43:19,700 --> 00:43:21,976
{\an8}♪♪♪

916
00:43:22,000 --> 00:43:24,342
It suggests
that grey-headed flying foxes

917
00:43:24,366 --> 00:43:26,942
have simply relocated
to Adelaide,

918
00:43:26,966 --> 00:43:29,142
not because of its
outlying crops,

919
00:43:29,166 --> 00:43:31,342
{\an1}but because of the many
other food resources

920
00:43:31,366 --> 00:43:33,409
on offer in the city.

921
00:43:33,433 --> 00:43:34,742
{\an8}♪♪♪

922
00:43:34,766 --> 00:43:36,576
{\an1}The footage has also revealed

923
00:43:36,600 --> 00:43:40,209
unexpected insights
for Wayne and Terry.

924
00:43:40,233 --> 00:43:44,676
{\an1}BOARDMAN: It's certainly given
us a great deal to work with.

925
00:43:44,700 --> 00:43:46,542
{\an1}REARDON: You watch these animals
from the ground

926
00:43:46,566 --> 00:43:50,109
{\an1}and you try and imagine
what it's like

927
00:43:50,133 --> 00:43:51,742
{\an1}and you see them feeding
in trees,

928
00:43:51,766 --> 00:43:54,509
but, yeah,
I wouldn't have imagined

929
00:43:54,533 --> 00:43:55,809
{\an1}you would ever see that,
you know,

930
00:43:55,833 --> 00:43:57,176
{\an1}from a bat's point of view.

931
00:43:57,200 --> 00:43:59,742
{\an1}It's just remarkable technology.

932
00:43:59,766 --> 00:44:03,076
{\an8}♪♪♪

933
00:44:03,100 --> 00:44:06,009
{\an1}BUCHANAN: These cameras have not
only changed our understanding

934
00:44:06,033 --> 00:44:08,776
{\an1}of Adelaide's population,

935
00:44:08,800 --> 00:44:12,976
{\an1}but of grey-headed flying foxes,
as a species.

936
00:44:13,000 --> 00:44:16,576
[ Screeching ]

937
00:44:16,600 --> 00:44:19,442
{\an8}♪♪♪

938
00:44:19,466 --> 00:44:21,976
{\an7}Back at Coffs Harbour,
on the East Coast,

939
00:44:22,000 --> 00:44:27,576
{\an7}this population of kangaroos
is feeling the urban squeeze.

940
00:44:27,600 --> 00:44:29,776
{\an7}Trapped between a motorway
and the ocean,

941
00:44:29,800 --> 00:44:31,709
{\an8}they are struggling
to find food.

942
00:44:31,733 --> 00:44:34,409
{\an8}♪♪♪

943
00:44:34,433 --> 00:44:37,309
{\an1}Dr. Cathy Herbert hopes
that onboard cameras

944
00:44:37,333 --> 00:44:39,776
will reveal
if these isolated roos

945
00:44:39,800 --> 00:44:42,842
{\an1}are foraging on the beach
to survive.

946
00:44:42,866 --> 00:44:47,242
However, so far,
we've not got a camera on.

947
00:44:47,266 --> 00:44:49,209
The camera collars,
made with a quick release

948
00:44:49,233 --> 00:44:51,176
to come off
if the animal gets snagged,

949
00:44:51,200 --> 00:44:54,076
{\an1}are falling off too easily.

950
00:44:54,100 --> 00:44:56,409
{\an1}It has to be strong enough
and weak enough.

951
00:44:56,433 --> 00:44:58,142
It's just finding
that sweet spot...

952
00:44:58,166 --> 00:45:00,009
{\an1}WATTS: That's right, yeah.
BUCHANAN: so it doesn't
just drop off.

953
00:45:00,033 --> 00:45:02,409
{\an1}WATTS: Well, at the moment we're
using three strands of cotton,

954
00:45:02,433 --> 00:45:05,542
{\an1}so I think, if we up that,
to maybe eight or nine pieces,

955
00:45:05,566 --> 00:45:07,842
that'll, hopefully,
just give us the edge we need.

956
00:45:07,866 --> 00:45:10,242
{\an8}♪♪♪

957
00:45:10,266 --> 00:45:12,076
BUCHANAN:
Camera modifications made,

958
00:45:12,100 --> 00:45:15,376
{\an1}we head out to, hopefully,
find a kangaroo for our crew.

959
00:45:15,400 --> 00:45:17,742
{\an8}♪♪♪

960
00:45:17,766 --> 00:45:19,076
{\an1}Are you happy with everything?

961
00:45:19,100 --> 00:45:21,242
HERBERT:
Yeah, so that's all our samples.

962
00:45:21,266 --> 00:45:23,142
WATTS:
Yeah, camera's good to go.

963
00:45:23,166 --> 00:45:25,642
{\an1}HERBERT: Yeah, so we'll put her
in a shady spot to recover.

964
00:45:25,666 --> 00:45:27,009
{\an8}♪♪♪

965
00:45:27,033 --> 00:45:29,776
BUCHANAN: Time to put
Chris' handiwork to the test.

966
00:45:29,800 --> 00:45:32,009
{\an8}♪♪♪

967
00:45:32,033 --> 00:45:32,910
Good luck.

968
00:45:32,934 --> 00:45:36,176
{\an8}♪♪♪

969
00:45:36,200 --> 00:45:38,409
HERBERT:
Okay, she's hopped off.

970
00:45:38,433 --> 00:45:39,576
She's hopped off.

971
00:45:39,600 --> 00:45:41,209
She's got the camera.
She's looking good.

972
00:45:41,233 --> 00:45:42,642
{\an8}♪♪♪

973
00:45:42,666 --> 00:45:44,942
BUCHANAN:
It's a huge relief

974
00:45:44,966 --> 00:45:46,576
and, knowing
that the collars work,

975
00:45:46,600 --> 00:45:49,176
{\an1}we deploy another five cameras.

976
00:45:49,200 --> 00:45:51,676
{\an8}♪♪♪

977
00:45:51,700 --> 00:45:55,709
{\an1}WATTS: That's the tracker
on the VHF working, so.

978
00:45:55,733 --> 00:45:57,642
BUCHANAN:
It's now up to the kangaroos

979
00:45:57,666 --> 00:45:59,709
to capture
the challenges they face.

980
00:45:59,733 --> 00:46:04,276
{\an8}♪♪♪

981
00:46:04,300 --> 00:46:06,909
{\an1}The next morning, the search
is on

982
00:46:06,933 --> 00:46:09,242
for the camera roos.

983
00:46:09,266 --> 00:46:13,876
{\an1}Chris leads the way, listening
for the cameras' VHF beep,

984
00:46:13,900 --> 00:46:17,009
and, before long,
we find one of our crew.

985
00:46:17,033 --> 00:46:18,709
She's just there.
WATTS: Just the other side.

986
00:46:18,733 --> 00:46:19,509
BUCHANAN: See?
Just through there.

987
00:46:19,533 --> 00:46:20,533
HERBERT:
Oh, yes.

988
00:46:23,166 --> 00:46:25,942
BUCHANAN:
She knows that we're here,

989
00:46:25,966 --> 00:46:27,176
but she doesn't know
that we're here

990
00:46:27,200 --> 00:46:30,542
{\an1}to relieve her of her camera.

991
00:46:30,566 --> 00:46:33,700
{\an1}To get the camera off,
Chris triggers the release.

992
00:46:35,300 --> 00:46:36,609
{\an1}WATTS: Okay, here we go.
[ Beep ]

993
00:46:36,633 --> 00:46:38,142
{\an1}BUCHANAN: And, as she hops away,
[ Beeping ]

994
00:46:38,166 --> 00:46:39,366
it comes loose.

995
00:46:41,300 --> 00:46:42,866
There we go.
Here it is.

996
00:46:44,666 --> 00:46:46,142
WATTS:
Brilliant.

997
00:46:46,166 --> 00:46:48,309
{\an8}♪♪♪

998
00:46:48,333 --> 00:46:50,009
{\an8}BUCHANAN:
With the first camera back,

999
00:46:50,033 --> 00:46:52,976
{\an7}we successfully retrieve
the others.

1000
00:46:53,000 --> 00:46:55,242
{\an8}[ Beeping ]

1001
00:46:55,266 --> 00:46:58,942
{\an8}♪♪♪

1002
00:46:58,966 --> 00:46:59,643
WATTS: So...
BUCHANAN: ♪ Ahhhhh ♪

1003
00:46:59,667 --> 00:47:01,776
[ Laughter ]

1004
00:47:01,800 --> 00:47:03,476
BUCHANAN:
With any luck, they will show us

1005
00:47:03,500 --> 00:47:06,409
{\an1}what these resourceful roos
are surviving on here.

1006
00:47:06,433 --> 00:47:08,809
{\an8}♪♪♪

1007
00:47:08,833 --> 00:47:10,442
Time to take a look.

1008
00:47:10,466 --> 00:47:13,042
{\an8}♪♪♪

1009
00:47:13,066 --> 00:47:13,943
Here we go.

1010
00:47:13,967 --> 00:47:15,442
{\an1}This is the big moment,

1011
00:47:15,466 --> 00:47:17,109
the culmination
of everyone's efforts,

1012
00:47:17,133 --> 00:47:19,676
{\an1}just over to the roos.

1013
00:47:19,700 --> 00:47:21,642
[ Wind whipping ]

1014
00:47:21,666 --> 00:47:25,309
{\an1}Set to record at first light,
when the roos are most active,

1015
00:47:25,333 --> 00:47:29,076
{\an1}this individual is already
on the move.

1016
00:47:29,100 --> 00:47:32,176
{\an1}It's a really intimate view.

1017
00:47:32,200 --> 00:47:36,742
{\an1}And, as dawn breaks, we can see
her joey is with her, too.

1018
00:47:36,766 --> 00:47:40,342
Aww.
HERBERT: Aww, so sweet.

1019
00:47:40,366 --> 00:47:41,742
Aww.
BUCHANAN: Oh, that's great.

1020
00:47:41,766 --> 00:47:43,409
{\an1}WATTS: Returning the favor.
[ Chuckle ]

1021
00:47:43,433 --> 00:47:46,042
HERBERT:
Oh, the little one licking
the mother. Beautiful.

1022
00:47:46,066 --> 00:47:47,976
{\an1}WATTS: Oh, look at that.
HERBERT: [ Laughs ]

1023
00:47:48,000 --> 00:47:49,742
BUCHANAN:
Are you allowed to say cute,
as a scientist?

1024
00:47:49,766 --> 00:47:51,742
HERBERT: You are.
That is gorgeous.

1025
00:47:51,766 --> 00:47:53,076
{\an8}♪♪♪

1026
00:47:53,100 --> 00:47:56,609
{\an1}BUCHANAN: Joeys are weaned
at around 18 months old,

1027
00:47:56,633 --> 00:47:59,642
{\an1}but they often stay close
to their mums for months after.

1028
00:47:59,666 --> 00:48:02,442
{\an8}♪♪♪

1029
00:48:02,466 --> 00:48:05,376
{\an1}Spending time alone with their
mothers, like this one is,

1030
00:48:05,400 --> 00:48:07,309
rather than being
in the larger group,

1031
00:48:07,333 --> 00:48:10,109
also means they have
a better chance of survival.

1032
00:48:10,133 --> 00:48:13,509
{\an8}♪♪♪

1033
00:48:13,533 --> 00:48:16,709
{\an1}Any head start is good
for the youngsters here,

1034
00:48:16,733 --> 00:48:20,309
{\an1}as the camera shows us
just how poor this habitat is.

1035
00:48:20,333 --> 00:48:22,442
{\an8}♪♪♪

1036
00:48:22,466 --> 00:48:24,976
The headland may look
like a well-kept lawn,

1037
00:48:25,000 --> 00:48:28,142
but, there's little
on offer here.

1038
00:48:28,166 --> 00:48:31,242
With over 200 roos
in such a small area,

1039
00:48:31,266 --> 00:48:34,542
{\an1}this grass has been grazed
to the ground.

1040
00:48:34,566 --> 00:48:35,776
{\an8}♪♪♪

1041
00:48:35,800 --> 00:48:37,709
{\an1}The density of animals
also means,

1042
00:48:37,733 --> 00:48:41,542
where there is food,
there's feces.

1043
00:48:41,566 --> 00:48:44,076
HERBERT:
A lot of the areas where they're
grazing are contaminated.

1044
00:48:44,100 --> 00:48:46,509
{\an1}You know, there's a little piece
of fecal matter right there,

1045
00:48:46,533 --> 00:48:47,942
where she's grazing,

1046
00:48:47,966 --> 00:48:49,276
and that fits
with what we're seeing,

1047
00:48:49,300 --> 00:48:53,209
{\an1}in terms of the high levels
of intestinal parasites.

1048
00:48:53,233 --> 00:48:57,642
BUCHANAN:
Poor feeding grounds lead
to poorly conditioned animals

1049
00:48:57,666 --> 00:49:01,142
{\an1}and grazing here risks
spreading disease and infection

1050
00:49:01,166 --> 00:49:02,709
{\an1}amongst the population.

1051
00:49:02,733 --> 00:49:09,076
{\an8}♪♪♪

1052
00:49:09,100 --> 00:49:13,109
{\an1}But then, we get the footage
Cathy has been hoping for.

1053
00:49:13,133 --> 00:49:16,042
{\an8}♪♪♪

1054
00:49:16,066 --> 00:49:20,209
{\an1}One of the camera kangaroos
hops onto the beach.

1055
00:49:20,233 --> 00:49:21,309
Oh, they're right out
on the sand.

1056
00:49:21,333 --> 00:49:22,310
WATTS:
Oh, wow.

1057
00:49:22,334 --> 00:49:24,476
{\an8}♪♪♪

1058
00:49:24,500 --> 00:49:26,576
{\an1}HERBERT: So this is those
hopping marks that we can see

1059
00:49:26,600 --> 00:49:28,076
where they're moving
on the beach.

1060
00:49:28,100 --> 00:49:29,642
{\an8}♪♪♪

1061
00:49:29,666 --> 00:49:32,209
BUCHANAN:
At first, she nibbles
on dune grass,

1062
00:49:32,233 --> 00:49:34,542
something Cathy
has observed before.

1063
00:49:34,566 --> 00:49:35,976
{\an8}♪♪♪

1064
00:49:36,000 --> 00:49:37,476
{\an1}WATTS: Not a lot to eat there,
though, is there?

1065
00:49:37,500 --> 00:49:39,109
HERBERT: Yeah.
BUCHANAN: No.

1066
00:49:39,133 --> 00:49:41,609
{\an1}But then, she moves further
down the beach

1067
00:49:41,633 --> 00:49:43,309
and begins to forage.

1068
00:49:43,333 --> 00:49:44,310
{\an8}♪♪♪

1069
00:49:44,334 --> 00:49:45,809
{\an8}Oh, yes.
HERBERT: Oh, wow.

1070
00:49:45,833 --> 00:49:48,376
{\an8}♪♪♪

1071
00:49:48,400 --> 00:49:51,509
{\an1}BUCHANAN: It's slim pickings
amongst the pebbles and shells,

1072
00:49:51,533 --> 00:49:54,076
{\an1}but, it's food, nonetheless.

1073
00:49:54,100 --> 00:49:56,909
{\an8}♪♪♪

1074
00:49:56,933 --> 00:50:00,476
{\an1}And the cameras give Cathy
the all-important opportunity

1075
00:50:00,500 --> 00:50:02,309
{\an1}to see what they're eating.

1076
00:50:02,333 --> 00:50:04,842
{\an8}♪♪♪

1077
00:50:04,866 --> 00:50:06,576
I'm not a kangaroo,
you may have noticed,

1078
00:50:06,600 --> 00:50:10,076
{\an1}but that vegetation doesn't seem
particularly nutritious.

1079
00:50:10,100 --> 00:50:11,666
{\an1}It's kind of wispy and dry.

1080
00:50:13,000 --> 00:50:14,309
HERBERT: There's just
a little bit of grass

1081
00:50:14,333 --> 00:50:16,376
{\an1}coming up in between the shells
and the stones

1082
00:50:16,400 --> 00:50:18,809
that have washed up
from the ocean

1083
00:50:18,833 --> 00:50:20,609
and maybe that's
because the grass

1084
00:50:20,633 --> 00:50:21,610
{\an1}is a little bit longer there.

1085
00:50:21,634 --> 00:50:24,542
{\an1}There's not a lot of it, but,

1086
00:50:24,566 --> 00:50:26,076
{\an1}other animals aren't there,

1087
00:50:26,100 --> 00:50:27,842
{\an1}grazing with this animal,

1088
00:50:27,866 --> 00:50:29,309
so maybe there's
less competition.

1089
00:50:29,333 --> 00:50:30,210
BUCHANAN:
Mm-hmm.

1090
00:50:30,234 --> 00:50:31,976
{\an8}♪♪♪

1091
00:50:32,000 --> 00:50:35,576
{\an1}This footage shows how
these marginalized marsupials

1092
00:50:35,600 --> 00:50:40,042
{\an1}really are doing everything
they can to survive.

1093
00:50:40,066 --> 00:50:42,142
But grass and weeds
on the shoreline

1094
00:50:42,166 --> 00:50:44,976
is not enough food
to sustain them long-term.

1095
00:50:45,000 --> 00:50:47,809
{\an8}♪♪♪

1096
00:50:47,833 --> 00:50:49,109
HERBERT:
It all comes down to the way

1097
00:50:49,133 --> 00:50:52,442
humans have modified
the environment.

1098
00:50:52,466 --> 00:50:55,109
{\an1}They can't move the way
they normally would move

1099
00:50:55,133 --> 00:50:56,176
in the environment.

1100
00:50:56,200 --> 00:51:01,609
{\an8}♪♪♪

1101
00:51:01,633 --> 00:51:03,409
BUCHANAN:
I think for us to have a future

1102
00:51:03,433 --> 00:51:04,609
and for these animals
to have a future,

1103
00:51:04,633 --> 00:51:05,776
{\an1}it's about coexistence.

1104
00:51:05,800 --> 00:51:06,976
It's about people.

1105
00:51:07,000 --> 00:51:08,376
HERBERT:
And, hopefully,

1106
00:51:08,400 --> 00:51:11,376
{\an1}through this footage and the
other research that we're doing,

1107
00:51:11,400 --> 00:51:13,976
that we can really

1108
00:51:14,000 --> 00:51:18,376
{\an1}try and figure out how best
to manage the landscape.

1109
00:51:18,400 --> 00:51:20,109
BUCHANAN:
After watching the footage,

1110
00:51:20,133 --> 00:51:23,609
{\an1}Cathy wants to see changes
in urban planning,

1111
00:51:23,633 --> 00:51:27,942
{\an1}to ensure new roads and suburbs
consider the needs of kangaroos

1112
00:51:27,966 --> 00:51:31,276
{\an1}and enable them to move freely
across the landscape.

1113
00:51:31,300 --> 00:51:32,909
{\an8}♪♪♪

1114
00:51:32,933 --> 00:51:35,976
{\an1}This will not only help the
kangaroos here at Coffs Harbour,

1115
00:51:36,000 --> 00:51:39,642
{\an1}but many others living up
and down this busy coastline.

1116
00:51:39,666 --> 00:51:44,209
{\an8}♪♪♪

1117
00:51:44,233 --> 00:51:46,842
{\an1}Our "Animals with Cameras"
adventures in Australia

1118
00:51:46,866 --> 00:51:51,042
{\an1}have given scientists an insight
into how we can help conserve

1119
00:51:51,066 --> 00:51:54,109
{\an1}some of the country's unique
and precious animals...

1120
00:51:54,133 --> 00:51:55,642
{\an8}♪♪♪

1121
00:51:55,666 --> 00:51:59,809
{\an1}...identifying how diverse
koalas' habitat needs to be...

1122
00:51:59,833 --> 00:52:01,609
{\an8}♪♪♪

1123
00:52:01,633 --> 00:52:06,709
{\an1}...how adaptation to new food
is a vital survival strategy,

1124
00:52:06,733 --> 00:52:09,876
and how much space
kangaroos need

1125
00:52:09,900 --> 00:52:13,209
{\an1}to live on this great continent.

1126
00:52:13,233 --> 00:52:15,409
{\an1}Let's hope this footage
can go some way

1127
00:52:15,433 --> 00:52:18,642
{\an1}to safeguarding the future
of these species,

1128
00:52:18,666 --> 00:52:21,176
{\an1}in this truly magical country.

1129
00:52:21,200 --> 00:52:23,833
{\an8}♪♪♪

1130
00:52:25,433 --> 00:52:33,433
{\an8}♪♪♪

1131
00:52:58,033 --> 00:53:01,442
{\an7}<i>To learn more about what you've
seen on this "Nature" program,</i>

1132
00:53:01,466 --> 00:53:03,376
{\an8}<i>visit pbs.org.</i>

1133
00:53:03,400 --> 00:53:11,400
{\an8}♪♪♪