1 00:00:01,366 --> 00:00:06,800 {\an8}♪♪♪ 2 00:00:06,833 --> 00:00:10,000 Dohrn: This is Bristol, England... 3 00:00:10,033 --> 00:00:13,333 {\an1}and this is my garden. 4 00:00:13,366 --> 00:00:15,533 {\an1}It's not really that special. 5 00:00:15,566 --> 00:00:18,866 {\an1}We've just let some of the wild back in. 6 00:00:18,900 --> 00:00:22,866 {\an1}But as a wildlife filmmaker, I knew there were revelations here 7 00:00:22,900 --> 00:00:24,333 that could be just as amazing 8 00:00:24,366 --> 00:00:27,900 {\an1}as anything I'd ever filmed across the globe. 9 00:00:27,933 --> 00:00:30,266 {\an1}In the spring of 2020, 10 00:00:30,300 --> 00:00:32,700 as the country goes into lockdown, 11 00:00:32,733 --> 00:00:37,700 outside, the garden is coming alive. 12 00:00:37,733 --> 00:00:41,733 {\an1}Suddenly, there are bees emerging all over. 13 00:00:41,766 --> 00:00:44,800 {\an1}These bees, they just go zoom, you know, zoom. 14 00:00:44,833 --> 00:00:48,700 {\an8}♪♪♪ 15 00:00:48,733 --> 00:00:52,333 {\an1}But if they're nesting, I can't get near them. 16 00:00:52,366 --> 00:00:55,600 {\an1}I can see these little antennae come up, 17 00:00:55,633 --> 00:00:57,042 {\an1}but they look over, and I'm absolutely still, 18 00:00:57,066 --> 00:00:58,900 {\an1}but now I have to go to the focus 19 00:00:58,933 --> 00:01:01,233 {\an1}and as soon as I do that, they go down again. 20 00:01:03,333 --> 00:01:06,066 {\an1}Discovering the secret life of bees took me 21 00:01:06,100 --> 00:01:08,733 on a journey I was not expecting. 22 00:01:08,766 --> 00:01:15,700 {\an8}♪♪♪ 23 00:01:15,733 --> 00:01:22,700 {\an8}♪♪♪ 24 00:01:22,733 --> 00:01:29,700 {\an8}♪♪♪ 25 00:01:48,433 --> 00:01:51,933 {\an7}[ Sirens wailing ] 26 00:01:51,966 --> 00:01:54,733 {\an1}Dohrn: Let's have a look. 27 00:01:54,766 --> 00:01:56,266 Cripes. 28 00:01:58,066 --> 00:01:59,333 Oh, dear. 29 00:01:59,366 --> 00:02:01,533 Man: [ Laughs ] 30 00:02:03,333 --> 00:02:06,033 {\an1}Dohrn: For over 30 years, I've been filming wild animals 31 00:02:06,066 --> 00:02:08,066 {\an1}all over the world, 32 00:02:08,100 --> 00:02:12,033 {\an1}and all of a sudden, I'm locked down at home. 33 00:02:12,066 --> 00:02:14,300 {\an1}My only escape now from the pandemic 34 00:02:14,333 --> 00:02:17,366 {\an1}is in my city garden 35 00:02:17,400 --> 00:02:21,800 {\an1}and my fascination with the wild bees that live here. 36 00:02:21,833 --> 00:02:27,300 {\an8}♪♪♪ 37 00:02:27,333 --> 00:02:30,000 {\an1}Turning my cameras onto my own backyard 38 00:02:30,033 --> 00:02:32,266 {\an1}is revealing things as spectacular 39 00:02:32,300 --> 00:02:35,400 {\an1}as anything I have ever seen before. 40 00:02:35,433 --> 00:02:38,900 Transporting me to another universe. 41 00:02:38,933 --> 00:02:42,766 {\an1}Another dimension of existence. 42 00:02:42,800 --> 00:02:44,533 {\an1}Have I just got pandemic fever 43 00:02:44,566 --> 00:02:48,333 or is it just another midlife crisis? 44 00:02:48,366 --> 00:02:51,100 {\an1}Nah. I'm too old for a midlife crisis, 45 00:02:51,133 --> 00:02:53,633 it's more of a late-life revelation. 46 00:02:53,666 --> 00:03:00,733 {\an8}♪♪♪ 47 00:03:00,766 --> 00:03:07,766 {\an8}♪♪♪ 48 00:03:07,800 --> 00:03:11,933 {\an7}Bees are fast. You can't film them with ordinary cameras 49 00:03:11,966 --> 00:03:14,800 {\an7}and ordinary lenses. 50 00:03:14,833 --> 00:03:16,409 {\an1}If you've got something just going like this, 51 00:03:16,433 --> 00:03:17,600 well, you know, 52 00:03:17,633 --> 00:03:20,600 you don't know what the hell it's doing. 53 00:03:20,633 --> 00:03:22,500 {\an1}You really need fast reflexes, 54 00:03:22,533 --> 00:03:24,966 {\an1}you need equipment that's barely been developed, 55 00:03:25,000 --> 00:03:27,433 you have to film everything in slow motion, 56 00:03:27,466 --> 00:03:30,166 {\an1}and you have to have the reactions of a hawk. 57 00:03:33,433 --> 00:03:36,100 {\an1}I've probably got reactions as good as a rabbit. 58 00:03:36,133 --> 00:03:38,100 {\an1}Probably not even that good. 59 00:03:38,133 --> 00:03:39,866 [ Laughs ] 60 00:03:43,866 --> 00:03:48,833 {\an8}♪♪♪ 61 00:03:48,866 --> 00:03:51,900 {\an1}I'm traveling into a hidden world 62 00:03:51,933 --> 00:03:55,933 {\an1}but one that exists around us all. 63 00:03:55,966 --> 00:03:58,966 {\an1}Even in a garden like this in the middle of the city, 64 00:03:59,000 --> 00:04:03,766 {\an1}there is an astonishing diversity of bees. 65 00:04:03,800 --> 00:04:06,666 {\an1}If I told people, "Oh, yeah, there's 60 species of bee 66 00:04:06,700 --> 00:04:08,133 in my garden, " they go, " Really? 67 00:04:08,166 --> 00:04:09,533 Are you sure?" 68 00:04:09,566 --> 00:04:11,533 {\an1}I go, "Yeah, well more than 60." 69 00:04:11,566 --> 00:04:15,533 {\an8}♪♪♪ 70 00:04:15,566 --> 00:04:17,433 {\an1}One of the very first bees out 71 00:04:17,466 --> 00:04:20,133 {\an1}is the hairy-footed flower bee. 72 00:04:20,166 --> 00:04:23,700 {\an1}Check out his hairy legs. 73 00:04:23,733 --> 00:04:25,466 {\an1}I can get close to film these bees 74 00:04:25,500 --> 00:04:28,100 {\an1}because they fly between the same patches of flowers, 75 00:04:28,133 --> 00:04:30,866 {\an1}scent-marking their routes as they go. 76 00:04:30,900 --> 00:04:34,000 {\an1}They're like perfumed bee highways. 77 00:04:36,100 --> 00:04:39,966 {\an1}These bees just go zoom, you know, zoom. 78 00:04:41,066 --> 00:04:44,533 {\an1}These, of all the bees, are the most fun to watch 79 00:04:44,566 --> 00:04:47,733 {\an1}because of their sheer precision flying. 80 00:04:47,766 --> 00:04:49,933 {\an1}They can literally turn 81 00:04:49,966 --> 00:04:52,766 on a sixpence in a fraction of a second. 82 00:04:55,033 --> 00:04:56,600 {\an1}They got these funny little beady eyes 83 00:04:56,633 --> 00:04:59,166 {\an1}and they this really kind of keen hovering, 84 00:04:59,200 --> 00:05:02,300 {\an1}and when the female moves, they follow her round 85 00:05:02,333 --> 00:05:04,000 and they... And I just love that. 86 00:05:09,400 --> 00:05:11,566 {\an1}In those early weeks, most of the other bees 87 00:05:11,600 --> 00:05:13,233 {\an1}were not even out yet. 88 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:16,533 [ Beeping  ] 89 00:05:16,566 --> 00:05:18,533 {\an1}Man: Today the prime minister has announced 90 00:05:18,566 --> 00:05:20,433 {\an1}that to save lives 91 00:05:20,466 --> 00:05:25,933 {\an1}and to stop the spread of the virus, we must stay at home. 92 00:05:25,966 --> 00:05:29,566 {\an1}Dohrn: As everyone in the country retreats indoors, 93 00:05:29,600 --> 00:05:33,100 underground, the garden is coming alive. 94 00:05:33,133 --> 00:05:36,100 {\an8}♪♪♪ 95 00:05:36,133 --> 00:05:38,700 {\an1}What most people don't realize is actually bees 96 00:05:38,733 --> 00:05:40,433 {\an1}spend much of their lives 97 00:05:40,466 --> 00:05:42,966 {\an1}not as a lovely bee flying around in the sun 98 00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:45,566 {\an1}but in the dark as an egg, 99 00:05:45,600 --> 00:05:48,166 {\an1}or a sort of maggoty thing in a nest somewhere. 100 00:05:48,200 --> 00:05:51,800 {\an8}♪♪♪ 101 00:05:51,833 --> 00:05:55,233 {\an1}Then there's the transformation, 102 00:05:55,266 --> 00:05:58,366 from a larvae... 103 00:05:58,400 --> 00:06:01,200 {\an1}into a flying wonder of nature. 104 00:06:01,233 --> 00:06:05,866 {\an8}♪♪♪ 105 00:06:05,900 --> 00:06:08,333 Metamorphosis... 106 00:06:08,366 --> 00:06:11,600 It really is an extraordinary process. 107 00:06:14,900 --> 00:06:16,366 It takes 21 days 108 00:06:16,400 --> 00:06:21,266 {\an1}for these domesticated honey bees to make the leap. 109 00:06:21,300 --> 00:06:25,233 {\an1}There are 270 other species of bee in this country. 110 00:06:27,633 --> 00:06:30,000 {\an1}They are the wild bees. 111 00:06:30,033 --> 00:06:32,300 Very different to the social honey bee 112 00:06:32,333 --> 00:06:34,033 {\an1}that we're all so used to. 113 00:06:34,066 --> 00:06:41,266 {\an8}♪♪♪ 114 00:06:41,300 --> 00:06:43,933 {\an1}They mostly live solitary lives, 115 00:06:43,966 --> 00:06:46,033 {\an1}and many will have been waiting fully formed 116 00:06:46,066 --> 00:06:47,700 {\an1}throughout the winter. 117 00:06:49,866 --> 00:06:53,733 {\an1}Each species with its own particular time to emerge, 118 00:06:53,766 --> 00:06:56,500 {\an1}coinciding with the flowers it likes the best. 119 00:06:56,533 --> 00:07:01,200 {\an8}♪♪♪ 120 00:07:01,233 --> 00:07:03,200 {\an1}In complete darkness, 121 00:07:03,233 --> 00:07:06,533 {\an1}somehow each bee knows which way to head 122 00:07:06,566 --> 00:07:08,733 on its journey to reach the light. 123 00:07:08,766 --> 00:07:16,766 {\an8}♪♪♪ 124 00:07:17,833 --> 00:07:25,833 {\an8}♪♪♪ 125 00:07:26,900 --> 00:07:34,900 {\an8}♪♪♪ 126 00:07:35,966 --> 00:07:43,966 {\an8}♪♪♪ 127 00:07:45,033 --> 00:07:48,600 {\an1}This is the first time they've seen the world. 128 00:07:48,633 --> 00:07:56,633 {\an8}♪♪♪ 129 00:07:57,866 --> 00:08:05,866 {\an8}♪♪♪ 130 00:08:07,200 --> 00:08:09,766 {\an1}When the bee comes out of its hole, they sit there 131 00:08:09,800 --> 00:08:12,533 {\an1}and they look out and they do this with their head. 132 00:08:12,566 --> 00:08:16,466 {\an1}They're doing, like, a kind of pixel shift thing. 133 00:08:16,500 --> 00:08:18,100 {\an1}I think what they're trying to do 134 00:08:18,133 --> 00:08:21,000 is make a very high-resolution image 135 00:08:21,033 --> 00:08:23,933 {\an1}that they will need to remember to return to. 136 00:08:26,433 --> 00:08:30,233 {\an1}Suddenly, there are bees emerging all over the garden. 137 00:08:30,266 --> 00:08:34,600 It's kicking off all over the place. 138 00:08:34,633 --> 00:08:36,366 {\an1}But this is the challenge... 139 00:08:36,400 --> 00:08:38,633 {\an1}if I want to know more about their lives, 140 00:08:38,666 --> 00:08:40,933 somehow, I've got to follow them. 141 00:08:40,966 --> 00:08:44,133 {\an1}[ Women vocalizing  ] 142 00:08:44,166 --> 00:08:52,100 {\an8}♪♪♪ 143 00:08:52,133 --> 00:08:55,933 {\an1}This garden in spring is utterly beautiful. 144 00:08:55,966 --> 00:08:59,200 {\an8}♪♪♪ 145 00:08:59,233 --> 00:09:02,733 {\an1}I'm amazed that so much diversity can exist 146 00:09:02,766 --> 00:09:04,400 {\an1}in such a small place. 147 00:09:04,433 --> 00:09:08,766 {\an1}[ Women vocalizing ] 148 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:13,600 {\an8}♪♪♪ 149 00:09:13,633 --> 00:09:21,100 {\an1}Woman: ♪ Open your eyes ♪ 150 00:09:21,133 --> 00:09:27,033 {\an1}♪ Look around you ♪ 151 00:09:27,066 --> 00:09:30,766 {\an1}♪ Feel the breeze ♪ 152 00:09:30,800 --> 00:09:33,866 ♪ On your face ♪ 153 00:09:33,900 --> 00:09:38,166 {\an1}♪ And breathe in ♪ 154 00:09:38,200 --> 00:09:39,933 {\an1}Dohrn: It's not really special, 155 00:09:39,966 --> 00:09:43,966 {\an1}we've just let some of the wild back in. 156 00:09:44,000 --> 00:09:47,133 {\an1}We didn't really try very hard to kind of manicure it. 157 00:09:47,166 --> 00:09:50,133 {\an1}We just... A lot of things we just relaxed about. 158 00:09:50,166 --> 00:09:52,342 {\an1}Man: It's full of weeds basically is what you're saying? 159 00:09:52,366 --> 00:09:54,566 {\an1}Dohrn: There's no such thing as a weed, 160 00:09:54,600 --> 00:09:57,900 {\an1}there's only plants that people don't understand. 161 00:10:00,133 --> 00:10:03,633 {\an1}They're all as beautiful as any kind of fancy tulips 162 00:10:03,666 --> 00:10:05,266 {\an1}or chrysanthemums. 163 00:10:05,300 --> 00:10:07,933 Indeed for me, they're more beautiful 164 00:10:07,966 --> 00:10:10,100 {\an1}because they've been created entirely 165 00:10:10,133 --> 00:10:12,566 {\an1}by the forces of evolution. 166 00:10:12,600 --> 00:10:14,233 That is nature. 167 00:10:15,966 --> 00:10:19,600 {\an1}[ Slow-motion buzzing ] 168 00:10:22,733 --> 00:10:24,800 For me, a flower is more beautiful 169 00:10:24,833 --> 00:10:28,800 {\an1}if you can see the bee it was built for actually using it. 170 00:10:31,466 --> 00:10:33,066 {\an1}The flower bees have evolved 171 00:10:33,100 --> 00:10:36,566 {\an1}alongside tubular flowers like these. 172 00:10:36,600 --> 00:10:39,900 {\an1}It's not until you have the luxury of having 173 00:10:39,933 --> 00:10:42,000 {\an1}the pictures in slow motion, 174 00:10:42,033 --> 00:10:44,300 {\an1}in focus, in a way that you can go, 175 00:10:44,333 --> 00:10:47,066 "Oh, I see, that's what it's doing." 176 00:10:49,233 --> 00:10:52,133 {\an1}I had no idea they had such huge tongues, 177 00:10:52,166 --> 00:10:54,333 {\an1}it really is longer than its body. 178 00:11:00,066 --> 00:11:03,400 {\an1}As she drinks, she buzzes her wing muscles, 179 00:11:03,433 --> 00:11:06,300 dislodging pollen onto her body... 180 00:11:10,000 --> 00:11:12,233 {\an1}...which she takes to the next flower. 181 00:11:14,200 --> 00:11:19,300 {\an1}Bees are at the center of the world's pollination services. 182 00:11:19,333 --> 00:11:23,233 {\an1}They are pollinating the fabric of life. 183 00:11:23,266 --> 00:11:26,366 {\an1}Yet, all over the world, bees are declining. 184 00:11:28,700 --> 00:11:32,066 {\an1}We really do need to start taking more notice of them. 185 00:11:35,666 --> 00:11:37,700 {\an8}♪♪♪ 186 00:11:37,733 --> 00:11:41,133 {\an1}But opening up the secret life of the bees is not as easy 187 00:11:41,166 --> 00:11:42,733 {\an1}as I was expecting. 188 00:11:42,766 --> 00:11:45,333 {\an8}♪♪♪ 189 00:11:45,366 --> 00:11:47,300 {\an1}I soon found out that many of the bees 190 00:11:47,333 --> 00:11:50,566 {\an1}really didn't want to be filmed at all. 191 00:11:50,600 --> 00:11:52,966 {\an1}The first month was incredibly frustrating 192 00:11:53,000 --> 00:11:55,500 {\an1}because I had all this extraordinary behavior 193 00:11:55,533 --> 00:11:56,800 {\an1}just going on in front of me 194 00:11:56,833 --> 00:11:59,200 that I could see from 10 feet away, 195 00:11:59,233 --> 00:12:02,800 {\an1}but as soon as I tried to zoom in on it with the camera, 196 00:12:02,833 --> 00:12:07,333 it either stopped or, you know, they flew away. 197 00:12:07,366 --> 00:12:09,033 The flower bees kind of accepted me. 198 00:12:09,066 --> 00:12:11,333 {\an1}I mean, it was easy to frighten them off... 199 00:12:13,400 --> 00:12:18,266 {\an1}...but some of the other bees I simply couldn't get near. 200 00:12:18,300 --> 00:12:20,766 {\an1}The furrow bees, you know, if they're nesting, 201 00:12:20,800 --> 00:12:22,666 {\an1}I can't get near them 202 00:12:22,700 --> 00:12:25,000 {\an1}and it is hilarious to watch them. 203 00:12:25,033 --> 00:12:26,866 I can see these little antennae come up 204 00:12:26,900 --> 00:12:29,133 {\an1}and then I can see these little eyes come up, 205 00:12:29,166 --> 00:12:31,900 {\an1}and they look over and I'm absolutely still, 206 00:12:31,933 --> 00:12:33,766 but now I have to go to the focus, 207 00:12:33,800 --> 00:12:37,900 {\an1}and as soon as I do that, they go down again. 208 00:12:37,933 --> 00:12:40,900 {\an1}It can take half a day to get through that process 209 00:12:40,933 --> 00:12:43,300 {\an1}where the bee's going, "Okay, it's not going away, 210 00:12:43,333 --> 00:12:45,700 {\an1}I'm hungry, I've got to go and do something." 211 00:12:48,166 --> 00:12:50,066 {\an1}I've had plenty of experience 212 00:12:50,100 --> 00:12:52,766 {\an1}filming small animals of all kinds. 213 00:12:52,800 --> 00:12:55,933 {\an1}My last film was about ants with David Attenborough. 214 00:12:55,966 --> 00:12:59,166 But wild bees are very different. 215 00:12:59,200 --> 00:13:01,033 They're so alert, to get close, 216 00:13:01,066 --> 00:13:03,766 I have to invent all kinds of gadgets. 217 00:13:07,000 --> 00:13:08,733 There we go. 218 00:13:12,266 --> 00:13:15,166 This is a lens. It's a super-tiny, 219 00:13:15,200 --> 00:13:16,533 {\an1}super-wide-angle lens, 220 00:13:16,566 --> 00:13:19,233 {\an1}super-high quality. 221 00:13:19,266 --> 00:13:22,800 {\an1}That is the purpose of all of this stuff. 222 00:13:22,833 --> 00:13:28,333 {\an8}♪♪♪ 223 00:13:28,366 --> 00:13:30,566 In order to get anywhere near the bees, 224 00:13:30,600 --> 00:13:33,800 {\an1}I have to kind of shrink myself down to their size, 225 00:13:33,833 --> 00:13:37,666 {\an1}but I also have to stretch time. 226 00:13:37,700 --> 00:13:41,133 {\an1}Bees live in a completely different dimension. 227 00:13:41,166 --> 00:13:43,333 {\an1}At this scale, we get a fresh view 228 00:13:43,366 --> 00:13:45,900 {\an1}on the physics of bee existence. 229 00:13:45,933 --> 00:13:48,000 {\an1}And what it's like to be a creature 230 00:13:48,033 --> 00:13:50,100 {\an1}that weighs a fraction of an ounce 231 00:13:50,133 --> 00:13:53,133 {\an1}but that can gather over 100 times its body weight 232 00:13:53,166 --> 00:13:56,266 in pollen in just a matter of weeks. 233 00:13:59,100 --> 00:14:03,033 {\an1}This is the bee that everyone said couldn't possibly fly, 234 00:14:03,066 --> 00:14:05,700 {\an1}but of course she can fly extremely well. 235 00:14:07,866 --> 00:14:11,966 {\an1}You see those wing beats? Above them are mini tornados 236 00:14:12,000 --> 00:14:14,800 {\an1}which actually suck her into the air. 237 00:14:14,833 --> 00:14:20,266 {\an8}♪♪♪ 238 00:14:20,300 --> 00:14:23,500 {\an1}In this dimension, the sound shifts as well. 239 00:14:23,533 --> 00:14:25,600 {\an1}[ Buzzing, fluttering ] 240 00:14:25,633 --> 00:14:30,300 {\an1}[ Slow-motion chirping, buzzing ] 241 00:14:38,700 --> 00:14:42,800 {\an1}Listening to bird calls filmed at this speed 242 00:14:42,833 --> 00:14:44,966 {\an1}evokes their dinosaur origins. 243 00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:47,200 {\an1}[ Distorted chirping ] 244 00:14:47,233 --> 00:14:48,733 {\an1}Well, for me anyway. 245 00:14:48,766 --> 00:14:54,333 {\an8}♪♪♪ 246 00:14:54,366 --> 00:14:57,833 {\an1}It is incredible to see how they develop 247 00:14:57,866 --> 00:14:59,633 an understanding of their surroundings 248 00:14:59,666 --> 00:15:02,233 {\an1}and how their experience grows. 249 00:15:05,733 --> 00:15:08,200 {\an1}When any of the bees come out, most of them have never 250 00:15:08,233 --> 00:15:12,333 {\an1}even seen a flower before. They don't know what it is. 251 00:15:12,366 --> 00:15:14,966 {\an1}When they discover something like a dandelion, 252 00:15:15,000 --> 00:15:18,433 {\an1}they get plastered in pollen. 253 00:15:18,466 --> 00:15:22,033 You only see that on the first days in spring. 254 00:15:22,066 --> 00:15:23,433 {\an1}Shortly after, they know 255 00:15:23,466 --> 00:15:24,976 {\an1}that they don't want to get covered in pollen. 256 00:15:25,000 --> 00:15:27,566 {\an1}They either collect it or leave it alone. 257 00:15:27,600 --> 00:15:31,733 It seems to me they are learning. 258 00:15:31,766 --> 00:15:35,100 {\an1}But actually, for me, the most interesting bit is the males 259 00:15:35,133 --> 00:15:37,366 {\an1}when they emerge, not only have they not seen flowers, 260 00:15:37,400 --> 00:15:39,333 {\an1}they've never seen a female either. 261 00:15:42,200 --> 00:15:45,533 {\an1}They must have some kind of instinctive urge to look 262 00:15:45,566 --> 00:15:49,400 for something that resembles a female. 263 00:15:49,433 --> 00:15:52,633 {\an1}But they are not very good at it yet. 264 00:15:52,666 --> 00:15:55,600 {\an1}They're jumping on flies, they're jumping on leaves, 265 00:15:55,633 --> 00:16:01,133 {\an1}they're jumping on completely different species of bee. 266 00:16:01,166 --> 00:16:05,400 {\an1}This only happens in the early part of their lives. 267 00:16:05,433 --> 00:16:09,033 {\an1}They learn quickly from their mistakes. 268 00:16:09,066 --> 00:16:10,966 {\an1}They only live a week or so, 269 00:16:11,000 --> 00:16:14,466 {\an1}and the race is on to find a mate. 270 00:16:14,500 --> 00:16:17,166 {\an1}I'm not sure I could say that insects were in love, 271 00:16:17,200 --> 00:16:22,500 {\an1}but certainly male bees are in lust. 272 00:16:22,533 --> 00:16:24,333 {\an1}The flower bee males are actually quite good 273 00:16:24,366 --> 00:16:27,200 {\an1}at identifying their females. 274 00:16:27,233 --> 00:16:31,500 {\an1}Even so, he's still not having much luck. 275 00:16:31,533 --> 00:16:34,600 {\an1}I think what his aim is 276 00:16:34,633 --> 00:16:37,766 he wants to jump on her back 277 00:16:37,800 --> 00:16:42,000 {\an1}and enclose her wings so that she can't fly away. 278 00:16:42,033 --> 00:16:46,233 Time after time, he fails miserably. 279 00:16:46,266 --> 00:16:49,033 {\an1}She was just foraging quietly on her own. 280 00:16:51,200 --> 00:16:53,500 {\an1}Next thing she knows, she's being slammed 281 00:16:53,533 --> 00:16:56,033 {\an1}from the side by an amorous male 282 00:16:56,066 --> 00:16:58,100 {\an1}and now they're tumbling through the undergrowth. 283 00:16:58,133 --> 00:17:01,666 {\an1}A look of shock, anger, horror, you know, 284 00:17:01,700 --> 00:17:04,033 even in a bee with no facial expressions 285 00:17:04,066 --> 00:17:06,466 {\an1}tells me that this isn't good. 286 00:17:06,500 --> 00:17:09,400 {\an1}Now he's just looking at her "Oh, I love you, I do. 287 00:17:09,433 --> 00:17:10,466 I love you." 288 00:17:10,500 --> 00:17:12,966 {\an1}He's going "Yeah, I love you, I do. 289 00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:15,233 Oh, yeah." 290 00:17:17,300 --> 00:17:22,900 {\an8}♪♪♪ 291 00:17:22,933 --> 00:17:25,500 {\an1}Hunting for females is tiring work. 292 00:17:28,100 --> 00:17:30,533 {\an1}This male is looking for a hole to rest in. 293 00:17:30,566 --> 00:17:37,500 {\an8}♪♪♪ 294 00:17:37,533 --> 00:17:39,833 {\an1}But not all the holes are empty. 295 00:17:39,866 --> 00:17:47,866 {\an8}♪♪♪ 296 00:17:49,133 --> 00:17:57,133 {\an8}♪♪♪ 297 00:17:58,400 --> 00:18:06,400 {\an8}♪♪♪ 298 00:18:07,733 --> 00:18:15,733 {\an8}♪♪♪ 299 00:18:17,033 --> 00:18:25,033 {\an8}♪♪♪ 300 00:18:26,300 --> 00:18:34,300 {\an8}♪♪♪ 301 00:18:35,566 --> 00:18:37,333 {\an1}For a few weeks in the year, 302 00:18:37,366 --> 00:18:43,733 {\an1}hungry green fang spiders feast on naive flower bee males, 303 00:18:43,766 --> 00:18:47,300 {\an1}helping to weed out the slow and dim-witted. 304 00:19:00,033 --> 00:19:03,133 {\an1}A bigger threat to most bees in my garden 305 00:19:03,166 --> 00:19:07,166 {\an1}comes not from spiders, but other bees. 306 00:19:10,633 --> 00:19:13,033 {\an1}Like the sinister-looking nomad bee... 307 00:19:15,066 --> 00:19:17,333 {\an1}...who is looking for the underground nest 308 00:19:17,366 --> 00:19:19,666 of a mining bee 309 00:19:19,700 --> 00:19:21,466 by following her. 310 00:19:25,966 --> 00:19:29,033 {\an1}When the mining bee turns, the nomad immediately 311 00:19:29,066 --> 00:19:32,433 {\an1}drops to the ground as if playing dead. 312 00:19:36,000 --> 00:19:39,000 {\an1}When the mining bee thinks the coast is clear, 313 00:19:39,033 --> 00:19:42,366 {\an1}she goes to her burrow. 314 00:19:42,400 --> 00:19:44,866 {\an1}The nomad is watching. 315 00:19:52,566 --> 00:19:57,000 {\an1}As the mining bee leaves, the nomad bee sneaks in 316 00:19:57,033 --> 00:19:59,233 {\an1}to lay her egg in the nest... 317 00:20:02,300 --> 00:20:05,400 {\an1}...where her larvae will eat the mining bee egg 318 00:20:05,433 --> 00:20:07,833 {\an1}and feast on her pollen store. 319 00:20:12,033 --> 00:20:15,333 {\an1}No wonder so many of these bees hate being watched. 320 00:20:15,366 --> 00:20:22,866 {\an8}♪♪♪ 321 00:20:22,900 --> 00:20:30,400 {\an8}♪♪♪ 322 00:20:30,433 --> 00:20:32,333 {\an1}As spring draws to a close, 323 00:20:32,366 --> 00:20:36,533 {\an1}I've already counted over 30 species of bee in the garden. 324 00:20:39,500 --> 00:20:44,233 {\an1}And the variety is... Is actually quite mind-boggling. 325 00:20:44,266 --> 00:20:48,866 {\an1}From minute yellow-faced bees to gigantic bumblebees. 326 00:20:51,233 --> 00:20:54,233 {\an1}From shiny sweat bees 327 00:20:54,266 --> 00:20:56,433 {\an1}to hairy carder bees. 328 00:20:56,466 --> 00:21:00,466 {\an8}♪♪♪ 329 00:21:00,500 --> 00:21:04,333 {\an1}From the good old honey bees... 330 00:21:04,366 --> 00:21:08,000 {\an1}to these scissor bees. 331 00:21:08,033 --> 00:21:10,433 {\an1}No bigger than a mosquito. 332 00:21:10,466 --> 00:21:14,866 {\an8}♪♪♪ 333 00:21:14,900 --> 00:21:16,333 {\an1}Filming this scale of bee 334 00:21:16,366 --> 00:21:20,900 {\an1}makes a difficult task practically impossible. 335 00:21:20,933 --> 00:21:24,966 {\an1}They block their nests with the tiniest grains of sand. 336 00:21:25,000 --> 00:21:26,900 {\an1}I'm focused on an area 337 00:21:26,933 --> 00:21:31,866 {\an1}that's about that big, you know, if you can imagine. 338 00:21:31,900 --> 00:21:33,966 {\an1}Blinking would make the camera shake. 339 00:21:34,000 --> 00:21:38,100 {\an1}You know, sometimes you can see the heartbeat going like this 340 00:21:38,133 --> 00:21:39,800 {\an1}as I'm trying to film it. 341 00:21:43,033 --> 00:21:44,800 {\an1}Phew. It's a nightmare, mate. 342 00:21:46,866 --> 00:21:49,733 {\an1}There's a new bee out. 343 00:21:49,766 --> 00:21:51,666 {\an1}It's a wool carder bee. 344 00:21:53,800 --> 00:21:55,933 {\an1}The male is a monster 345 00:21:55,966 --> 00:21:58,700 and you can see the female is half his size. 346 00:21:58,733 --> 00:22:05,133 {\an8}♪♪♪ 347 00:22:05,166 --> 00:22:11,500 {\an8}♪♪♪ 348 00:22:11,533 --> 00:22:14,400 This male owns all of these flowers. 349 00:22:14,433 --> 00:22:16,933 {\an8}♪♪♪ 350 00:22:19,133 --> 00:22:22,266 {\an1}He'll chase anything that comes into this territory. 351 00:22:30,100 --> 00:22:32,900 {\an1}Bees like this bumblebee are in trouble 352 00:22:32,933 --> 00:22:35,000 {\an1}if one of these guys is around. 353 00:22:45,300 --> 00:22:46,933 On his rear end, he's got some 354 00:22:46,966 --> 00:22:49,766 really quite vicious-looking spikes 355 00:22:49,800 --> 00:22:53,166 which can inflict serious damage to his enemies. 356 00:23:06,966 --> 00:23:11,166 {\an1}He's a bit like a lion in the sense 357 00:23:11,200 --> 00:23:14,033 {\an1}that he mates with the females whenever he can, 358 00:23:14,066 --> 00:23:16,533 {\an1}he attacks anything that moves in his territory, 359 00:23:16,566 --> 00:23:20,866 {\an1}and in particular, when he meets a male of his own species, 360 00:23:20,900 --> 00:23:22,533 there is trouble. 361 00:23:35,400 --> 00:23:37,666 {\an1}He meets the other male and the two of them size 362 00:23:37,700 --> 00:23:39,333 each other up. 363 00:23:51,966 --> 00:23:56,066 {\an1}He tries to stab him with his spikes. 364 00:23:56,100 --> 00:23:58,100 {\an1}The interloper is driven off. 365 00:24:00,566 --> 00:24:04,533 {\an1}The only welcome bee in this territory is a female. 366 00:24:07,166 --> 00:24:09,033 The male mates with the same female 367 00:24:09,066 --> 00:24:10,866 {\an1}three or four times in a row... 368 00:24:14,466 --> 00:24:16,200 {\an1}...before they seem to get a sense 369 00:24:16,233 --> 00:24:17,533 {\an1}that they've both done this 370 00:24:17,566 --> 00:24:19,466 {\an1}and they don't need to do it anymore. 371 00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:29,900 {\an1}It does appear as if the male can actually recognize 372 00:24:29,933 --> 00:24:33,433 {\an1}which females he's mated with. 373 00:24:33,466 --> 00:24:36,566 {\an1}He just kind of flies up, has a look, and then flies off. 374 00:24:41,233 --> 00:24:46,533 {\an1}So this is the garden where it all takes place. 375 00:24:46,566 --> 00:24:49,566 {\an1}And this... this bit here is particularly good 376 00:24:49,600 --> 00:24:51,766 {\an1}'cause it's a really hot corner, 377 00:24:51,800 --> 00:24:54,733 {\an1}and this fence post here is where the scissor bees live. 378 00:24:54,766 --> 00:24:57,266 {\an1}That's a particularly good place to see them. 379 00:24:57,300 --> 00:24:59,866 {\an1}Well, the Waitrose house... I bought that in Waitrose... 380 00:24:59,900 --> 00:25:02,300 {\an1}the male leaf cutters and the male mason bees 381 00:25:02,333 --> 00:25:03,733 {\an1}love it for roosting at night, 382 00:25:03,766 --> 00:25:06,166 {\an1}so sometimes you can see them all looking out, 383 00:25:06,200 --> 00:25:07,900 {\an1}like they're all tucked up in bed 384 00:25:07,933 --> 00:25:10,333 {\an1}and they're just watching, waiting for the weather 385 00:25:10,366 --> 00:25:13,900 to pick up. 386 00:25:13,933 --> 00:25:16,733 {\an1}So this is the flower bee highway right through here, 387 00:25:16,766 --> 00:25:19,233 {\an1}and this is where the males will search for females 388 00:25:19,266 --> 00:25:23,566 {\an1}and the females might be here, feeding on the nectar here. 389 00:25:23,600 --> 00:25:26,400 {\an1}If a male comes along and he's, like, slams on the brakes... 390 00:25:26,433 --> 00:25:27,766 {\an1}[imitates brakes squealing]... 391 00:25:27,800 --> 00:25:30,933 {\an1}then he will hover and stare at her 392 00:25:30,966 --> 00:25:33,533 {\an1}in a really appreciative way. 393 00:25:36,033 --> 00:25:40,333 {\an1}I've never, ever seen successful mating in this situation. 394 00:25:40,366 --> 00:25:43,666 {\an1}But I have seen them mate on the ground. 395 00:25:46,266 --> 00:25:50,100 {\an1}On his route, he also has little sunlit patches of leaves 396 00:25:50,133 --> 00:25:52,866 which the female likes to sit on. 397 00:25:52,900 --> 00:25:56,766 {\an1}The female... there he is... The female, she might just be 398 00:25:56,800 --> 00:25:59,033 {\an1}cleaning pollen off herself or something like that 399 00:25:59,066 --> 00:26:01,266 {\an1}and then the male comes along, same process, 400 00:26:01,300 --> 00:26:04,700 {\an1}he sees her, he's transfixed, he's like, "Oh, my God." 401 00:26:07,766 --> 00:26:08,966 {\an1}It's like a little dance. 402 00:26:09,000 --> 00:26:10,209 He has to kind of hover round her 403 00:26:10,233 --> 00:26:12,200 {\an1}and then get closer and closer. 404 00:26:15,700 --> 00:26:18,266 He jumps on her and he puts his... 405 00:26:18,300 --> 00:26:19,366 {\an1}puts some legs around her, 406 00:26:19,400 --> 00:26:22,700 {\an1}and then basically... Then he gets up 407 00:26:22,733 --> 00:26:26,233 and he has to... He gets his hairy legs out 408 00:26:26,266 --> 00:26:28,000 {\an1}and he starts waving them around, 409 00:26:28,033 --> 00:26:29,600 but in real time, it's like about... 410 00:26:29,633 --> 00:26:31,600 You know, it's much faster than that. 411 00:26:31,633 --> 00:26:34,900 {\an1}In slow motion, you can see the tufts on his hairy legs. 412 00:26:34,933 --> 00:26:36,466 He is gently... 413 00:26:36,500 --> 00:26:39,566 {\an1}Three times he brushes them on the female's antenna, 414 00:26:39,600 --> 00:26:42,866 {\an1}then three times he brushes them on the female's antenna. 415 00:26:42,900 --> 00:26:50,900 {\an8}♪♪♪ 416 00:26:51,833 --> 00:26:59,833 {\an8}♪♪♪ 417 00:27:00,833 --> 00:27:04,500 {\an1}It took me a month to discover what he actually does 418 00:27:04,533 --> 00:27:08,233 {\an1}with those hairy legs during sex. 419 00:27:08,266 --> 00:27:10,666 {\an1}All I knew at the start of that 420 00:27:10,700 --> 00:27:14,933 {\an1}was that the hairs are associated with scent. 421 00:27:14,966 --> 00:27:17,433 {\an1}That's about as much as anybody ever knew. 422 00:27:17,466 --> 00:27:22,033 {\an8}♪♪♪ 423 00:27:22,066 --> 00:27:24,933 {\an1}By the start of summer, we seem to have survived 424 00:27:24,966 --> 00:27:27,366 the first wave of the pandemic, 425 00:27:27,400 --> 00:27:30,900 {\an1}and us humans were finally being able to leave home 426 00:27:30,933 --> 00:27:33,700 and re-enter the streets of our city. 427 00:27:33,733 --> 00:27:38,466 {\an8}♪♪♪ 428 00:27:38,500 --> 00:27:40,533 {\an1}But I was in far too deep. 429 00:27:40,566 --> 00:27:45,633 {\an8}♪♪♪ 430 00:27:45,666 --> 00:27:49,033 {\an1}There's a new wave of bees on its way. 431 00:27:49,066 --> 00:27:53,666 {\an1}Here, the streets of Bee City are starting to come alive. 432 00:27:55,333 --> 00:27:59,900 {\an1}Bee City is really just some bits of old wood 433 00:27:59,933 --> 00:28:02,500 {\an1}sort of just along the very back hedge, 434 00:28:02,533 --> 00:28:04,333 {\an1}just above the street. 435 00:28:04,366 --> 00:28:07,466 {\an1}I'd heard that if you drill some holes in it, you know, 436 00:28:07,500 --> 00:28:08,533 bees like that. 437 00:28:08,566 --> 00:28:11,433 {\an1}And I noticed bees were using it. 438 00:28:11,466 --> 00:28:14,533 {\an1}There seems to be a kind of shortage of a culmination, 439 00:28:14,566 --> 00:28:17,900 {\an1}so I built some more. 440 00:28:17,933 --> 00:28:21,633 {\an1}I thought I'd make a more proper bee hotel. 441 00:28:21,666 --> 00:28:25,466 {\an8}♪♪♪ 442 00:28:25,500 --> 00:28:26,900 {\an1}They're all interested in holes. 443 00:28:26,933 --> 00:28:27,800 {\an1}Holes are their thing. 444 00:28:27,833 --> 00:28:29,600 {\an1}They can't fly past 445 00:28:29,633 --> 00:28:31,833 {\an1}an interesting hole without having a look. 446 00:28:31,866 --> 00:28:33,433 {\an1}They just love it. 447 00:28:33,466 --> 00:28:41,466 {\an8}♪♪♪ 448 00:28:42,033 --> 00:28:45,433 {\an1}It's all about the holes. 449 00:28:45,466 --> 00:28:48,533 {\an1}This is where bees create their homes. 450 00:28:48,566 --> 00:28:50,233 {\an1}That's what wild bees do. 451 00:28:50,266 --> 00:28:53,400 {\an1}They lay down a larder of pollen and nectar 452 00:28:53,433 --> 00:28:55,166 {\an1}on which to lay their egg. 453 00:28:57,833 --> 00:29:01,366 {\an1}They make an internal wall, seal off the cell, 454 00:29:01,400 --> 00:29:04,100 then repeat until this tunnel is full. 455 00:29:04,133 --> 00:29:10,366 {\an8}♪♪♪ 456 00:29:10,400 --> 00:29:16,666 {\an8}♪♪♪ 457 00:29:18,033 --> 00:29:21,800 {\an1}Yellow-faced bees are also moving into Bee City. 458 00:29:21,833 --> 00:29:26,466 {\an1}They're tiny little things about 5 millimeters long. 459 00:29:26,500 --> 00:29:28,933 {\an1}They're so small they're pretty much invisible. 460 00:29:28,966 --> 00:29:31,166 {\an1}Most people just don't even know they're there, 461 00:29:31,200 --> 00:29:33,366 {\an1}and they just look like tiny little black flies. 462 00:29:33,400 --> 00:29:37,700 You wouldn't know what's going on. 463 00:29:37,733 --> 00:29:40,566 {\an1}These two have made their homes in a side chamber 464 00:29:40,600 --> 00:29:43,566 of a bigger hole and they can join forces 465 00:29:43,600 --> 00:29:46,333 to keep guard against their arch-nemesis... 466 00:29:48,533 --> 00:29:51,400 {\an1}...the wasp gasteruption. 467 00:29:51,433 --> 00:29:56,633 {\an8}♪♪♪ 468 00:29:56,666 --> 00:30:01,866 {\an8}♪♪♪ 469 00:30:01,900 --> 00:30:06,433 Gasteruption, well, gasteruption jaculator. 470 00:30:09,200 --> 00:30:15,600 {\an1}It's an incredible gangly, weird thing that hovers in such a way 471 00:30:15,633 --> 00:30:19,066 {\an1}so it just looks like an alien with a jetpack 472 00:30:19,100 --> 00:30:21,300 {\an1}just kind of hovering around, 473 00:30:21,333 --> 00:30:22,509 {\an1}sort of looking for the poor old 474 00:30:22,533 --> 00:30:25,333 yellow-faced bee to zap with its ray gun. 475 00:30:25,366 --> 00:30:32,000 {\an8}♪♪♪ 476 00:30:32,033 --> 00:30:35,333 {\an1}It has an incredibly long ovipositor 477 00:30:35,366 --> 00:30:37,633 {\an1}that it uses to lay its eggs 478 00:30:37,666 --> 00:30:40,400 in the nests of yellow-faced bees. 479 00:30:43,700 --> 00:30:47,633 {\an1}Those antennae can detect the scent of the host. 480 00:30:47,666 --> 00:30:54,200 {\an8}♪♪♪ 481 00:30:54,233 --> 00:31:00,833 {\an8}♪♪♪ 482 00:31:00,866 --> 00:31:05,000 {\an1}A yellow-face comes back, sees an intruder, and attacks. 483 00:31:05,033 --> 00:31:09,900 {\an8}♪♪♪ 484 00:31:09,933 --> 00:31:12,166 {\an1}They've won this small battle, 485 00:31:12,200 --> 00:31:14,966 {\an1}but their problems are far from over. 486 00:31:17,433 --> 00:31:23,466 {\an1}A huge wood-carving leafcutter appeared in the old city. 487 00:31:23,500 --> 00:31:26,700 {\an1}It's one of the first of this species I've ever seen. 488 00:31:26,733 --> 00:31:33,300 {\an8}♪♪♪ 489 00:31:33,333 --> 00:31:36,966 She lands right in the yellow-faced bee's hole. 490 00:31:37,000 --> 00:31:42,766 {\an8}♪♪♪ 491 00:31:42,800 --> 00:31:48,566 {\an8}♪♪♪ 492 00:31:48,600 --> 00:31:51,133 {\an1}The yellow-face rears up on its hind legs 493 00:31:51,166 --> 00:31:53,833 to try and intimidate this giant. 494 00:31:53,866 --> 00:32:01,066 {\an8}♪♪♪ 495 00:32:01,100 --> 00:32:08,233 {\an8}♪♪♪ 496 00:32:08,266 --> 00:32:09,800 {\an1}The way it was now well 497 00:32:09,833 --> 00:32:12,800 and truly blocked to the yellow-face's nest. 498 00:32:16,666 --> 00:32:18,033 {\an1}It's tough on the smaller bees, 499 00:32:18,066 --> 00:32:22,500 {\an1}but shows just how ruthless these single mothers need to be. 500 00:32:22,533 --> 00:32:24,933 {\an1}The tunnel definitely now belonged to her. 501 00:32:24,966 --> 00:32:31,400 {\an8}♪♪♪ 502 00:32:31,433 --> 00:32:33,900 {\an1}I didn't know at the time, but I would get to know 503 00:32:33,933 --> 00:32:37,500 this bee better than any others in the garden. 504 00:32:37,533 --> 00:32:44,633 {\an8}♪♪♪ 505 00:32:44,666 --> 00:32:47,800 {\an1}I called her Nicky because she had a nick in her wing. 506 00:32:52,033 --> 00:32:54,666 But getting close didn't come easy. 507 00:32:58,200 --> 00:33:01,100 {\an1}I think it's really important to know 508 00:33:01,133 --> 00:33:02,733 that the thing that you are filming 509 00:33:02,766 --> 00:33:05,933 {\an1}is the thing that the animal would normally be doing. 510 00:33:05,966 --> 00:33:07,633 {\an1}When the bee is relaxed, it's doing 511 00:33:07,666 --> 00:33:09,366 {\an1}what it wants to do as opposed 512 00:33:09,400 --> 00:33:12,200 {\an1}to what my presence might be forcing it to do. 513 00:33:16,966 --> 00:33:18,700 I really wanted to film leafcutters 514 00:33:18,733 --> 00:33:23,133 {\an1}because of their amazing nest-building behavior. 515 00:33:23,166 --> 00:33:25,566 {\an1}But it is not as easy to film as I thought. 516 00:33:25,600 --> 00:33:29,133 {\an8}♪♪♪ 517 00:33:29,166 --> 00:33:32,066 I honestly sat by her first tunnel 518 00:33:32,100 --> 00:33:34,400 {\an1}for like, you know, two days. 519 00:33:37,400 --> 00:33:39,800 {\an1}I knew that Nicky didn't want anything to do with me 520 00:33:39,833 --> 00:33:41,966 because she had absolutely avoided me 521 00:33:42,000 --> 00:33:44,600 at all costs. 522 00:33:44,633 --> 00:33:45,800 {\an1}And I got really worried, 523 00:33:45,833 --> 00:33:48,933 so I backed off to let her get on with her life. 524 00:33:48,966 --> 00:33:52,400 {\an8}♪♪♪ 525 00:33:52,433 --> 00:33:55,433 {\an1}In Bee City, it was easy to get distracted 526 00:33:55,466 --> 00:33:57,533 {\an1}by all kinds of drama. 527 00:34:02,900 --> 00:34:05,433 In the distance, I could see the fly. 528 00:34:08,633 --> 00:34:13,000 {\an1}The jumping spider comes down again and then he sneaks along, 529 00:34:13,033 --> 00:34:15,300 {\an1}and he comes up over again and he looks around 530 00:34:15,333 --> 00:34:16,933 {\an1}and when they do their little 531 00:34:16,966 --> 00:34:19,533 {\an1}looking at the fly, he just gets up there, 532 00:34:19,566 --> 00:34:21,433 {\an1}then a greenbottle lands over to the left 533 00:34:21,466 --> 00:34:23,500 {\an1}and he has a look at that, "No, that's not it." 534 00:34:23,533 --> 00:34:26,266 {\an1}Fly is doing the grooming, you know, because a lot of work, 535 00:34:26,300 --> 00:34:28,309 {\an1}all that grooming, you know, the back and the shoulders 536 00:34:28,333 --> 00:34:31,166 and the... And doing the head and the eye. 537 00:34:31,200 --> 00:34:34,600 {\an1}And he gets to a point, when he's close enough, 538 00:34:34,633 --> 00:34:37,666 {\an1}I can see that he's put his legs down, ready to jump. 539 00:34:37,700 --> 00:34:40,566 He jumps, and then it's like, "yes," 540 00:34:40,600 --> 00:34:44,966 {\an1}and it all comes to a stop exactly where it left off, 541 00:34:45,000 --> 00:34:46,833 exactly in focus 542 00:34:46,866 --> 00:34:50,200 {\an1}because the spider had laid a silk anchor right there. 543 00:34:52,666 --> 00:34:54,166 He's got the fly. 544 00:34:54,200 --> 00:34:55,633 {\an1}It's a bad fly for bees. 545 00:34:55,666 --> 00:35:00,500 {\an1}It's one that lays eggs in bee holes, 546 00:35:00,533 --> 00:35:05,033 {\an1}and so in this case, the spider is a friend of the bees, 547 00:35:05,066 --> 00:35:06,700 not an enemy. 548 00:35:10,200 --> 00:35:13,333 {\an1}While I was trying to persuade some furrow bees 549 00:35:13,366 --> 00:35:15,766 to let me film them at their nest, 550 00:35:15,800 --> 00:35:17,900 I noticed that Nicky had completed 551 00:35:17,933 --> 00:35:22,766 {\an1}that nest literally 3 meters from me [Chuckles] 552 00:35:22,800 --> 00:35:25,366 {\an1}without me noticing. 553 00:35:25,400 --> 00:35:27,533 {\an1}Where I'd been waiting for 2 days 554 00:35:27,566 --> 00:35:31,233 {\an1}was now a green completed cell 555 00:35:31,266 --> 00:35:33,866 {\an1}that would have been exactly the behavior 556 00:35:33,900 --> 00:35:37,266 {\an1}I was trying to film. 557 00:35:37,300 --> 00:35:40,100 Now, suddenly, I had a new opportunity. 558 00:35:40,133 --> 00:35:44,200 {\an1}Nicky was moving to the new builds to make another nest. 559 00:35:50,166 --> 00:35:54,666 {\an1}That was probably a month after she first appeared. 560 00:35:54,700 --> 00:35:58,666 After that, she'd pretty much accepted me. 561 00:35:58,700 --> 00:36:04,200 {\an1}There is a moment when she looks me directly in the eye 562 00:36:04,233 --> 00:36:06,166 {\an1}but not showing fear. 563 00:36:09,200 --> 00:36:12,466 {\an1}She just looks at the camera and then she comes out a bit, 564 00:36:12,500 --> 00:36:15,700 {\an1}she looks around, she looks at all the other things, 565 00:36:15,733 --> 00:36:16,876 and she looks at the camera again 566 00:36:16,900 --> 00:36:18,300 {\an1}and goes, "Oh, yeah, 567 00:36:18,333 --> 00:36:21,900 {\an1}I think I'll be off foraging now. Bye." 568 00:36:21,933 --> 00:36:23,566 And off she goes. 569 00:36:34,133 --> 00:36:38,033 {\an1}Finally, Nicky shows me her leaf-cutting skills. 570 00:36:57,633 --> 00:37:01,033 {\an1}The reason they cut leaves is to line the wooden tunnel, 571 00:37:01,066 --> 00:37:03,200 {\an1}making a bee-size cell 572 00:37:03,233 --> 00:37:06,066 {\an1}before smearing it with nectar and other stuff. 573 00:37:10,500 --> 00:37:13,500 Then they go off to gather pollen to fill it. 574 00:37:18,166 --> 00:37:22,633 {\an1}Leafcutters use their furry belly to gather pollen, 575 00:37:22,666 --> 00:37:24,400 {\an1}but they are far from cuddly. 576 00:37:24,433 --> 00:37:28,333 {\an8}♪♪♪ 577 00:37:28,366 --> 00:37:29,666 {\an1}Unlike honey bees, 578 00:37:29,700 --> 00:37:34,066 {\an1}most of the wild bees have a sting they can re-use. 579 00:37:34,100 --> 00:37:37,133 And when hassled, they don't hesitate to use it. 580 00:37:37,166 --> 00:37:45,166 {\an8}♪♪♪ 581 00:37:45,466 --> 00:37:50,066 {\an1}The feisty leafcutters also have an armor-like exoskeleton. 582 00:37:50,100 --> 00:37:54,766 {\an8}♪♪♪ 583 00:37:54,800 --> 00:37:58,200 {\an1}If this crab spider is to have any chance of a kill, 584 00:37:58,233 --> 00:38:00,833 {\an1}it has to find the soft junction between the head 585 00:38:00,866 --> 00:38:03,600 and the body to deliver its venom. 586 00:38:03,633 --> 00:38:09,066 {\an8}♪♪♪ 587 00:38:09,100 --> 00:38:14,500 {\an8}♪♪♪ 588 00:38:14,533 --> 00:38:16,966 {\an1}A sting in the face does the trick. 589 00:38:17,000 --> 00:38:21,033 {\an8}♪♪♪ 590 00:38:21,066 --> 00:38:25,600 {\an1}My relationship with Nicky really seems to be growing. 591 00:38:25,633 --> 00:38:28,100 {\an1}I mean, you know, most people would think that's stupid 592 00:38:28,133 --> 00:38:32,400 {\an1}that a bee and a man could have a relationship, 593 00:38:32,433 --> 00:38:37,133 {\an1}but there's no doubt that we were getting to know each other. 594 00:38:37,166 --> 00:38:38,800 {\an1}I can tell she's looking at me. 595 00:38:38,833 --> 00:38:42,066 {\an1}Does she know these are my eyes? I don't know, I have no idea, 596 00:38:42,100 --> 00:38:45,566 {\an1}but scientists have shown that honey bees can recognize 597 00:38:45,600 --> 00:38:48,500 {\an1}individual people, so why wouldn't she? 598 00:38:48,533 --> 00:38:52,666 {\an8}♪♪♪ 599 00:38:52,700 --> 00:38:56,400 {\an1}This really is a city of bees, and with 10 species living here, 600 00:38:56,433 --> 00:38:59,733 {\an1}I suppose you'd say it was a very multicultural place. 601 00:38:59,766 --> 00:39:04,533 {\an8}♪♪♪ 602 00:39:06,900 --> 00:39:08,933 {\an1}Spending this much time in the neighborhood means 603 00:39:08,966 --> 00:39:13,966 {\an1}I'm even on first-name terms with a few of the residents. 604 00:39:14,000 --> 00:39:16,233 {\an1}The naming just comes to you, so Nicky... 605 00:39:16,266 --> 00:39:20,366 {\an1}I call her Nicky 'cause she's got a nick in her wing. 606 00:39:20,400 --> 00:39:21,800 {\an1}There's another one who is missing 607 00:39:21,833 --> 00:39:26,700 {\an1}half of one of her antenna, she's called One-tenna. 608 00:39:26,733 --> 00:39:27,966 {\an1}And there are two others, 609 00:39:28,000 --> 00:39:30,000 {\an1}one of them is called The Neighbor 610 00:39:30,033 --> 00:39:32,866 because she lives right next door to One-tenna, 611 00:39:32,900 --> 00:39:34,576 {\an1}and then there's another one called The Late Comer 612 00:39:34,600 --> 00:39:37,033 because she was the last one to appear. 613 00:39:42,000 --> 00:39:44,300 Alongside them, there are two mason bees 614 00:39:44,333 --> 00:39:46,333 {\an1}which are much smaller. 615 00:39:46,366 --> 00:39:48,600 One of them lived right next to Nicky. 616 00:39:48,633 --> 00:39:51,966 {\an1}I called her Leia, derived from her Latin name, 617 00:39:52,000 --> 00:39:54,100 osmia lignaria. 618 00:39:54,133 --> 00:39:56,900 {\an1}I could call her Princess Leia, but I just call her Leia. 619 00:39:56,933 --> 00:39:59,300 {\an1}If she's a princess, she has a very small kingdom, 620 00:39:59,333 --> 00:40:01,633 {\an1}which is basically 3 tunnels 621 00:40:01,666 --> 00:40:04,800 full of babies that she's made this year. 622 00:40:04,833 --> 00:40:08,466 {\an8}♪♪♪ 623 00:40:08,500 --> 00:40:11,566 {\an1}Throughout Bee City, everyone is hard at work 624 00:40:11,600 --> 00:40:13,333 {\an1}finishing their tunnels. 625 00:40:13,366 --> 00:40:16,400 {\an8}♪♪♪ 626 00:40:16,433 --> 00:40:19,633 {\an1}The mason bees like Leia here also cut leaves for their nests, 627 00:40:19,666 --> 00:40:22,400 {\an1}but chew it in to pulp to seal the hole. 628 00:40:22,433 --> 00:40:30,433 {\an8}♪♪♪ 629 00:40:30,600 --> 00:40:33,833 {\an1}These red mason bees use mud to seal up their nest. 630 00:40:33,866 --> 00:40:40,966 {\an8}♪♪♪ 631 00:40:41,000 --> 00:40:48,133 {\an8}♪♪♪ 632 00:40:48,166 --> 00:40:51,833 {\an1}Leafcutters bring back perfect pieces of circular leaf, 633 00:40:51,866 --> 00:40:55,766 {\an1}cut to fit their tunnel exactly. 634 00:40:55,800 --> 00:40:59,966 {\an1}When closing a hole, Nicky will put literally 40 layers of leaf 635 00:41:00,000 --> 00:41:01,966 {\an1}in there all stacked up 636 00:41:02,000 --> 00:41:07,633 {\an1}to foil her archenemy, the sharp-tailed bee. 637 00:41:07,666 --> 00:41:10,933 {\an1}The sharp-tail is a cuckoo bee, 638 00:41:10,966 --> 00:41:16,266 {\an1}and it specializes in parasitizing leafcutter nests. 639 00:41:16,300 --> 00:41:18,600 The sharp tails are a constant threat. 640 00:41:18,633 --> 00:41:24,366 {\an8}♪♪♪ 641 00:41:24,400 --> 00:41:30,133 {\an8}♪♪♪ 642 00:41:30,166 --> 00:41:33,900 {\an1}I think in Nicky's mind, maybe 40 layers of protection 643 00:41:33,933 --> 00:41:36,000 {\an1}aren't even enough. 644 00:41:36,033 --> 00:41:39,633 {\an1}She starts going off and looking in other tunnels 645 00:41:39,666 --> 00:41:41,066 {\an1}or underneath the blocks. 646 00:41:41,100 --> 00:41:43,009 {\an1}I thought maybe she's looking for some little bits of rock 647 00:41:43,033 --> 00:41:44,433 or something. 648 00:41:44,466 --> 00:41:47,566 {\an1}She comes back with a stick, it's like 2 inches long, 649 00:41:47,600 --> 00:41:49,242 {\an1}and she's flying through the air with this stick. 650 00:41:49,266 --> 00:41:52,400 {\an1}I mean, what is she doing with that? 651 00:41:52,433 --> 00:41:55,433 {\an1}How does the stick compute for her? 652 00:41:55,466 --> 00:41:58,700 {\an1}She's experimenting, thinking it through. 653 00:41:58,733 --> 00:42:02,833 {\an1}Clearly something's going on in her mind here. 654 00:42:02,866 --> 00:42:06,433 {\an1}Remember, this is a bee. 655 00:42:06,466 --> 00:42:10,200 {\an1}A moment like that reveals far more than preconceived ideas 656 00:42:10,233 --> 00:42:12,233 {\an1}about what a leafcutter does. 657 00:42:12,266 --> 00:42:15,966 {\an8}♪♪♪ 658 00:42:16,000 --> 00:42:18,466 But not as odd as I first thought. 659 00:42:21,666 --> 00:42:23,566 This construction of grass stems 660 00:42:23,600 --> 00:42:27,000 {\an1}takes bee architecture to new heights. 661 00:42:27,033 --> 00:42:33,900 {\an8}♪♪♪ 662 00:42:33,933 --> 00:42:38,166 {\an1}The red-tailed mason bee, nicknamed the tent-making bee, 663 00:42:38,200 --> 00:42:39,866 has solved the problem of cuckoo bees 664 00:42:39,900 --> 00:42:41,700 {\an1}breaking into her nursery. 665 00:42:41,733 --> 00:42:49,733 {\an8}♪♪♪ 666 00:42:50,233 --> 00:42:58,233 {\an8}♪♪♪ 667 00:42:58,733 --> 00:43:01,433 {\an1}After carefully picking a snail shell, 668 00:43:01,466 --> 00:43:04,933 she fills it with both leaf pulp and mud. 669 00:43:04,966 --> 00:43:12,966 {\an8}♪♪♪ 670 00:43:14,566 --> 00:43:22,566 {\an8}♪♪♪ 671 00:43:24,133 --> 00:43:30,000 {\an1}Like Nicky, every stage of the process involves decisions. 672 00:43:30,033 --> 00:43:32,700 {\an1}She spends a long time to position the shell 673 00:43:32,733 --> 00:43:35,466 {\an1}into just the right angle on the ground. 674 00:43:35,500 --> 00:43:43,500 {\an8}♪♪♪ 675 00:43:43,700 --> 00:43:51,700 {\an8}♪♪♪ 676 00:43:51,866 --> 00:43:59,866 {\an8}♪♪♪ 677 00:44:00,066 --> 00:44:04,400 {\an1}Even digging it into the soil to hold that position. 678 00:44:04,433 --> 00:44:08,733 {\an8}♪♪♪ 679 00:44:08,766 --> 00:44:11,900 {\an1}But that's just the beginning. 680 00:44:11,933 --> 00:44:14,700 {\an1}Next comes a huge undertaking. 681 00:44:14,733 --> 00:44:21,900 {\an8}♪♪♪ 682 00:44:21,933 --> 00:44:23,700 {\an1}She gathers hundreds of bits 683 00:44:23,733 --> 00:44:26,233 of carefully chosen sticks of grass. 684 00:44:26,266 --> 00:44:31,866 {\an8}♪♪♪ 685 00:44:31,900 --> 00:44:34,566 {\an1}To drive the stems into the structure, 686 00:44:34,600 --> 00:44:38,333 {\an1}she vibrates her wing muscles, 687 00:44:38,366 --> 00:44:40,633 which is why the whole thing hangs together. 688 00:44:40,666 --> 00:44:48,066 {\an8}♪♪♪ 689 00:44:48,100 --> 00:44:50,400 {\an1}Over three hours, she assembles a huge structure 690 00:44:50,433 --> 00:44:52,866 {\an1}more than 20 times her height. 691 00:44:52,900 --> 00:44:58,800 {\an8}♪♪♪ 692 00:44:58,833 --> 00:45:04,800 {\an8}♪♪♪ 693 00:45:04,833 --> 00:45:07,300 Nothing can get into this fortress. 694 00:45:07,333 --> 00:45:14,333 {\an8}♪♪♪ 695 00:45:14,366 --> 00:45:17,100 Back at Bee City, 696 00:45:17,133 --> 00:45:21,066 {\an1}Nicky is getting to the end of her tenure. 697 00:45:21,100 --> 00:45:23,666 {\an1}She's looking a bit ragged now, 698 00:45:23,700 --> 00:45:26,200 {\an1}but she's still working hard on her tunnels. 699 00:45:29,166 --> 00:45:32,800 {\an1}Inside, I could see how neatly she's placed the pollen, 700 00:45:32,833 --> 00:45:36,200 {\an1}and this was white thistle pollen. 701 00:45:36,233 --> 00:45:38,300 There were no thistles in my garden. 702 00:45:38,333 --> 00:45:41,000 {\an1}Where was this thistle pollen coming from? 703 00:45:44,133 --> 00:45:48,600 {\an1}I watched Nicky when she left, and I watched the direction 704 00:45:48,633 --> 00:45:50,366 she went in. 705 00:45:50,400 --> 00:45:54,000 {\an1}She just kept going up in a north westerly direction. 706 00:45:56,700 --> 00:45:59,200 {\an1}So then I looked on a map, and I looked at the places 707 00:45:59,233 --> 00:46:02,533 {\an1}that, in that line, that could possibly have those thistles, 708 00:46:02,566 --> 00:46:05,433 and I got to a place called Redling Green 709 00:46:05,466 --> 00:46:10,333 where there were thistles there. 710 00:46:10,366 --> 00:46:14,066 {\an1}When I looked, there was a bee pretty much identical to Nicky, 711 00:46:14,100 --> 00:46:16,166 {\an1}I was absolutely sure that was Nicky. 712 00:46:16,200 --> 00:46:18,800 {\an1}[ Slow-motion buzzing ] 713 00:46:21,866 --> 00:46:24,300 {\an1}When she flies out of her hole, 714 00:46:24,333 --> 00:46:28,033 {\an1}she has a mental map of the city. 715 00:46:28,066 --> 00:46:32,233 {\an1}She goes to a place she has previsualized. 716 00:46:32,266 --> 00:46:34,500 {\an1}She is going to go to that destination 717 00:46:34,533 --> 00:46:37,500 {\an1}and do the thing that she has planned to do. 718 00:46:41,166 --> 00:46:44,366 {\an1}She has a complex world to deal with, 719 00:46:44,400 --> 00:46:47,200 {\an1}has to deal with mating courtship, finding a home, 720 00:46:47,233 --> 00:46:50,500 {\an1}she has to forage, go great distances. 721 00:46:50,533 --> 00:46:51,933 {\an1}She has to do this all on her own. 722 00:46:51,966 --> 00:46:53,433 {\an1}She can't just ask her mates, "Yeah, 723 00:46:53,466 --> 00:46:56,366 {\an1}yeah, seen any good flowers recently, mate?" 724 00:46:56,400 --> 00:46:59,000 And that I find is the remarkable thing. 725 00:46:59,033 --> 00:47:02,266 {\an1}[ Birds chirping ] 726 00:47:02,300 --> 00:47:04,566 [ Buzzing ] 727 00:47:04,600 --> 00:47:06,933 {\an1}The more I became absorbed in their lives, 728 00:47:06,966 --> 00:47:08,733 the more I was seeing differences 729 00:47:08,766 --> 00:47:11,466 {\an1}in how individuals react to each other. 730 00:47:16,200 --> 00:47:20,533 {\an1}One-tenna is particularly aggressive to everyone. 731 00:47:20,566 --> 00:47:24,066 {\an1}She always seems to be arguing with her mason bee neighbor. 732 00:47:24,100 --> 00:47:27,400 {\an1}They seem to have a tit-for-tat fighting thing going on. 733 00:47:30,133 --> 00:47:32,466 {\an1}Nicky and her neighbor Leia just get along fine. 734 00:47:32,500 --> 00:47:34,100 They never argue. 735 00:47:34,133 --> 00:47:38,600 {\an1}One-tenna... possibly because the antenna are linked to memory 736 00:47:38,633 --> 00:47:40,966 {\an1}through scent... came back, 737 00:47:41,000 --> 00:47:42,533 but instead of going to her hole, 738 00:47:42,566 --> 00:47:44,666 {\an1}she went to the neighbor's hole. 739 00:47:44,700 --> 00:47:48,233 She's got the neighbor's jaws in her jaws. 740 00:47:48,266 --> 00:47:50,933 {\an1}She's trying to pull the neighbor out of her hole. 741 00:47:52,933 --> 00:47:54,800 {\an1}This fight went on and on and on, 742 00:47:54,833 --> 00:47:56,300 {\an1}and I mean I was really worried. 743 00:47:56,333 --> 00:47:57,533 {\an1}I didn't know what to do. 744 00:47:57,566 --> 00:48:00,733 I thought, "Well, should I break it up?" 745 00:48:00,766 --> 00:48:03,600 {\an1}You can't just interfere with things like that. 746 00:48:03,633 --> 00:48:06,633 {\an1}It's never that simple. 747 00:48:06,666 --> 00:48:09,166 But I really did want it to stop. 748 00:48:09,200 --> 00:48:13,166 {\an1}These bees were clearly using huge amounts of energy. 749 00:48:15,466 --> 00:48:20,900 {\an1}That story tells me that these bees, they're not all identical. 750 00:48:20,933 --> 00:48:23,333 {\an1}[ Slow-motion buzzing ] 751 00:48:23,366 --> 00:48:26,033 {\an1}All of them behave differently. 752 00:48:26,066 --> 00:48:28,833 {\an1}They must have some serious brain power. 753 00:48:28,866 --> 00:48:30,542 {\an1}People would say, "Oh, yeah, it's just instinct." 754 00:48:30,566 --> 00:48:32,566 {\an1}Well, yeah, but how does the instinct work? 755 00:48:32,600 --> 00:48:33,966 {\an1}"Well, it's an algorithm, mate." 756 00:48:34,000 --> 00:48:39,200 {\an1}It's like, well, how is that different to what we do? 757 00:48:39,233 --> 00:48:42,366 {\an1}It's really hard to explain, but I really feel for them. 758 00:48:42,400 --> 00:48:45,200 They're really... I could say they're my friends, 759 00:48:45,233 --> 00:48:49,333 but I mean, they don't really give me much. 760 00:48:49,366 --> 00:48:52,433 {\an1}Every now and again, one bee 761 00:48:52,466 --> 00:48:54,433 or other might actually land on the camera 762 00:48:54,466 --> 00:48:56,533 and that, I do feel touched by that. 763 00:48:56,566 --> 00:49:03,833 {\an8}♪♪♪ 764 00:49:03,866 --> 00:49:08,166 {\an1}I felt I knew Nicky pretty well by now, 765 00:49:08,200 --> 00:49:11,400 {\an1}but I wasn't ready for what she let me see next. 766 00:49:11,433 --> 00:49:14,000 {\an8}♪♪♪ 767 00:49:14,033 --> 00:49:16,366 {\an1}She was well on the way to filling another tunnel 768 00:49:16,400 --> 00:49:19,000 {\an1}for the next generation. 769 00:49:19,033 --> 00:49:22,200 {\an1}She then does this extraordinary thing. 770 00:49:22,233 --> 00:49:24,233 {\an1}She turns round in the tunnel, 771 00:49:24,266 --> 00:49:25,442 something I've never seen her do, 772 00:49:25,466 --> 00:49:30,300 {\an1}so she has to form a ball with her body. 773 00:49:30,333 --> 00:49:34,766 {\an1}Like a kind of gymnast doing some kind of strange move. 774 00:49:34,800 --> 00:49:39,000 {\an1}And then when I pull focus in to the hole, I could see an egg, 775 00:49:39,033 --> 00:49:40,466 a great big egg. 776 00:49:40,500 --> 00:49:43,233 {\an1}It's huge. I mean, it's like three or four millimeters long. 777 00:49:43,266 --> 00:49:48,566 {\an8}♪♪♪ 778 00:49:48,600 --> 00:49:51,966 {\an1}I honestly never expected to be able to see an egg 779 00:49:52,000 --> 00:49:54,333 {\an1}from the outside in that way. 780 00:49:54,366 --> 00:49:57,733 {\an1}What a privilege to be there at that moment. 781 00:49:57,766 --> 00:50:00,133 {\an1}[ Slow-motion buzzing ] 782 00:50:00,166 --> 00:50:02,166 {\an8}♪♪♪ 783 00:50:02,200 --> 00:50:04,600 {\an1}I have been sitting here for a couple of months. 784 00:50:04,633 --> 00:50:05,966 {\an1}It feels like a lifetime, 785 00:50:06,000 --> 00:50:08,733 {\an1}but of course it's not for me, but it is for a bee. 786 00:50:08,766 --> 00:50:13,033 {\an1}Ridings: ♪ You left my love, you hit the target ♪ 787 00:50:13,066 --> 00:50:15,566 {\an1}Dohrn: I've seen Nicky make three complete tunnels, 788 00:50:15,600 --> 00:50:18,966 {\an1}each with at least six cells inside. 789 00:50:19,000 --> 00:50:21,566 And now she's on her fourth tunnel. 790 00:50:21,600 --> 00:50:24,166 {\an1}Ridings: ♪ I never noticed ♪ 791 00:50:24,200 --> 00:50:26,366 {\an8}♪♪♪ 792 00:50:26,400 --> 00:50:27,866 Dohrn: But it wasn't just me taking 793 00:50:27,900 --> 00:50:30,200 {\an1}an interest in Nicky's new egg. 794 00:50:30,233 --> 00:50:32,100 {\an8}♪♪♪ 795 00:50:32,133 --> 00:50:34,833 {\an1}Nicky was by this time very tired 796 00:50:34,866 --> 00:50:37,800 {\an1}and she was just sitting on a brick, just a foot away. 797 00:50:37,833 --> 00:50:41,333 {\an8}♪♪♪ 798 00:50:41,366 --> 00:50:43,633 Ridings: ♪ And I hate that you're gone ♪ 799 00:50:43,666 --> 00:50:48,933 ♪ And I hate that I don't wanna let go ♪ 800 00:50:48,966 --> 00:50:51,833 {\an1}Dohrn: As the sharp tail bee went in, I was willing her, 801 00:50:51,866 --> 00:50:55,533 {\an1}"Nicky, Nicky, come up, get in your hole." 802 00:50:55,566 --> 00:50:59,466 {\an1}But, um, she didn't. 803 00:50:59,500 --> 00:51:02,100 {\an1}You can tell if a sharp tail bee's been successful 804 00:51:02,133 --> 00:51:04,409 {\an1}'cause she'll come out with some pollen stuck to her tail. 805 00:51:04,433 --> 00:51:06,466 {\an1}[ Slow-motion buzzing ] 806 00:51:06,500 --> 00:51:12,233 {\an8}♪♪♪ 807 00:51:12,266 --> 00:51:14,566 Nicky went in. 808 00:51:14,600 --> 00:51:18,066 {\an1}It's possible she went in, saw that it had been parasitized, 809 00:51:18,100 --> 00:51:20,066 and thought, "Ah, what the hell." 810 00:51:20,100 --> 00:51:22,666 {\an1}She'd had a very successful nest-building life, 811 00:51:22,700 --> 00:51:25,833 so I didn't worry about her legacy. 812 00:51:25,866 --> 00:51:27,533 {\an1}She'd had a good legacy. 813 00:51:27,566 --> 00:51:29,500 {\an1}And that actually was pretty much the last time 814 00:51:29,533 --> 00:51:30,600 I saw her. 815 00:51:30,633 --> 00:51:34,466 Ridings: ♪ I'm gonna build castles ♪ 816 00:51:34,500 --> 00:51:36,900 {\an1}♪ From the rubble of your love ♪ 817 00:51:36,933 --> 00:51:38,966 {\an1}♪ From the rubble of your love ♪ 818 00:51:39,000 --> 00:51:42,533 {\an1}♪ I'm gonna be more than ♪ 819 00:51:42,566 --> 00:51:44,166 {\an1}Dohrn: After she left, 820 00:51:44,200 --> 00:51:47,100 {\an1}I actually noticed that I missed her. 821 00:51:47,133 --> 00:51:49,700 Ridings: ♪ Oh ♪ 822 00:51:49,733 --> 00:51:51,666 ♪ Castles ♪ 823 00:51:51,700 --> 00:51:54,033 {\an1}♪ From the rubble of your love ♪ 824 00:51:54,066 --> 00:51:57,300 {\an1}Dohrn: I had no idea that I was going to get so involved, 825 00:51:57,333 --> 00:52:01,133 {\an1}if that's the word, with an individual insect. 826 00:52:01,166 --> 00:52:02,342 Ridings: ♪ You ever thought I was ♪ 827 00:52:02,366 --> 00:52:04,166 {\an1}♪ You ever thought I was ♪ 828 00:52:04,200 --> 00:52:06,800 {\an1}Dohrn: It's changed my view of insects altogether. 829 00:52:06,833 --> 00:52:09,100 {\an1}Ridings: ♪ Castles ♪ 830 00:52:09,133 --> 00:52:12,500 {\an1}Dohrn: It's changed my view of the world altogether. 831 00:52:12,533 --> 00:52:20,533 {\an1}Ridings: ♪ I'm gonna be stronger than you ever thought I was ♪ 832 00:52:22,066 --> 00:52:23,800 {\an1}[ Birds chirping ] 833 00:52:33,500 --> 00:52:41,500 {\an8}♪♪♪ 834 00:52:41,533 --> 00:52:49,533 {\an8}♪♪♪ 835 00:52:49,600 --> 00:52:57,600 {\an8}♪♪♪ 836 00:52:57,666 --> 00:52:59,566 {\an7}To learn more about what you've seen 837 00:52:59,600 --> 00:53:01,100 {\an8}on this "Nature" program, 838 00:53:01,133 --> 00:53:03,233 {\an8}visit pbs.org. 839 00:53:03,266 --> 00:53:11,266 {\an8}♪♪♪